课件35张PPT。专题八 动词的时态与语态专
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测返回目录专题八 动词的时态与语态动词的时态和语态是两个非常重要的语法范畴,构成了英语语法的基本框架,几乎所有对动词的考查都必须要借助于时态和语态来完成。试题在考查时态和语态的同时,还兼顾其他语法内容的测试,比如各种从句、强调句、倒装句等,交叉式和复合式的特点尤为明显。其考点主要包括:
1.考查时态的基本概念。如:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时、将来进行时等。
2.考查各种时态之间的区别。如:一般过去时和现在完成时;一般现在时和现在进行时;一般过去时和过去完成时等。返回目录专
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读3.考查不能用被动语态的几种情况。如:
(1)所有不及物动词或不及物动词短语都不能用被动语态。
(2)表示状态的谓语动词,如last, hold, benefit, contain, equal, fit等。
(3)表示归属的动词及短语,如have, own, belong to等。
(4)表示希望、意图的动词,如wish, want, hope, like, love, hate等。
(5)宾语是反身代词或相互代词时谓语动词用主动语态,不能用被动语态。返回目录专题八 动词的时态与语态专
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读4.考查主动形式表被动意义的情况。如:
(1)当feel, look, smell, taste, sound等词后接形容词时,用主动形式表被动意义。
(2)当cut,sell,read,write,fill,cook,lock,wash,drive,keep等词带状语修饰语时,用主动形式表被动意义。
(3)当break out, take place, shut off, turn off, work out等动词短语表示“发生、关闭、制订”等时,用主动形式表被动意义。
(4)want, require, need后面接动名词,用主动形式表示被动意义。
(5)be worth doing用主动形式表示被动意义。返回目录专题八 动词的时态与语态专
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读(6)在“be+形容词+to do”中,当不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语时,用主动形式表被动意义。
另外be to blame(受谴责),be to rent(出租)也用主动形式表被动意义。
2015年高考将继续注重在语境中考查动词的时态和语态,试题将继续凸显“情景立意”和“能力立意”的命题原则。返回目录专题八 动词的时态与语态专
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读返回目录专题八 动词的时态与语态真
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1.[2014?安徽卷] The twins, who ________ their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground.
A.will finish B.finish
C.have finished D.had finished[解析] D 考查动词的时态。根据语境可知,“完成作业”是在“被允许打羽毛球”之前发生的动作,属于“过去的过去”,应使用过去完成时。句意:已完成作业的双胞胎,被允许到操场上打羽毛球。故选D。返回目录专题八 动词的时态与语态真
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2.[2014?北京卷] —Hi, let's go skating.
—Sorry, I'm busy right now. I ________ in an application form for a new job.
A.fill B.have filled
C.am filling D.will fill[解析] C 考查动词的时态。根据上下文可知,回答的人“正在忙着”,所以是“正在填写申请表格”,用现在进行时,故选C。返回目录专题八 动词的时态与语态真
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3.[2014?北京卷] I found the lecture hard to follow because it ________ when I arrived.
A.started B.was starting
C.would start D.had started[解析] D 考查动词的时态。根据句意可知,“我”不能跟上演讲的原因是,“我”到达的时候演讲已经开始了。“到达”为一般过去时,表示过去的动作。“已经开始”发生在“过去的过去”,应该用过去完成时。故选D。返回目录专题八 动词的时态与语态真
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4.[2014?全国大纲卷] Unless some extra money ________, the theatre will close.
A.was found B.finds C.is found D.found[解析] C 考查动词的时态和语态。句意:除非找到一些额外的钱,否则剧院将会倒闭。根据主句的将来时态可知,状语从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时,又因为find和money之间是被动关系,所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。返回目录专题八 动词的时态与语态真
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5.[2014?全国大纲卷] The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody ________ them since.
A.sees B.saw C.has seen D.had seen[解析] C 考查动词的时态。句意:那些报告2012年就丢失了,从那以后没有人见过它们。此题解题的关键词是since,此处意为“从那以后”,是现在完成时的标志。故选C。返回目录专题八 动词的时态与语态真
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6.[2014?福建卷] —Haven't seen you for ages!Where have you been?
—I went to Ningxia and ________ there for one year, teaching as a volunteer.
A.stayed B.stay
C.had stayed D.am staying[解析] A 考查动词的时态。句意:“很久没有见到你了!你去哪里了?”“我去了宁夏,在那里支教了一年。”根据句意可知,stay的动作发生在过去,故用一般过去时。返回目录专题八 动词的时态与语态真
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7.[2014?湖南卷] Since the time humankind started gardening, we ________ to make our environment more beautiful.
A.try B.have been trying
C.are trying D.will try[解析] B 考查动词的时态。句意:自人类开始园艺的时期起,我们就一直努力把我们的环境变得更加美好。根据since的提示可知用现在完成时,再根据语境可知,动作try从过去一直持续到现在,而且还要继续进行下去,因此用现在完成进行时。返回目录专题八 动词的时态与语态真
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8.[2014?湖南卷] Whenever you________a present, you should think about it from the receiver's point of view.
A.bought B.have bought
C.will buy D.buy[解析] D 考查动词的时态。句意:不管何时买礼物,你都应该从礼物接收者的角度加以考虑。 根据主句中的情态动词可知“买”这一动作发生在将来,但是在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,不能用一般将来时,而要用一般现在时表示将来的动作。故选D。返回目录专题八 动词的时态与语态真
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9.[2014?江苏卷] —How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?
—Well, the media ________ it in a variety of forms.
A.cover B.will cover
C.have covered D.covered[解析] C 考查动词的时态与语态。句意:“你对于即将在南京举办的青奥会知道多少?”“哦,媒体已经以多种多样的形式对其进行了报道。”根据语境可知,此处表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,故用现在完成时。返回目录专题八 动词的时态与语态真
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10.[2014?江西卷] —Tony, why are your eyes red?
—I ________ up peppers for the last five minutes.
A.cut B.was cutting
C.had cut D.have been cutting[解析] D 考查动词的时态。句意:“托尼,为什么你的眼睛发红?”“我在过去的五分钟内一直在剁辣椒。”根据for the last five minutes可知,此处应该用现在完成进行时。此题易误选C项,误以为动作是在“过去的过去”发生的。此句是指过去所做的事对现在的影响。返回目录专题八 动词的时态与语态新
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测1.It is really a pity that I cannot attend your wedding party this weekend. I ________ a very important international conference in Paris then.
A.have attended B.are attending
C.have been attending D.will be attending[解析] D 考查动词的时态。句意:这周末我不能参加你的婚礼真是遗憾。届时我将在巴黎参加一个非常重要的国际会议。根据this weekend可知,应用将来时,而且是那个时间正在发生的事情,所以用将来进行时,故选D项。返回目录专题八 动词的时态与语态新
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测 2.The young parents ________ too much a pet of their son, which is bound to destroy him in the end.
A.have made B.are making
C.made D.will be making[解析] B 考查动词的时态。句意:这对年轻父母太宠爱他们的儿子了,这最后一定会毁了他。短语make a pet of sb意为“宠爱某人”。根据定语从句可知,主句指现阶段一直在发生的动作,所以用现在进行时,故选B项。返回目录专题八 动词的时态与语态新
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测3.With the country's urbanization,many people from the countryside ________ into the cities and the public services in urban areas are to be improved in no time.
A.had flooded B.have been flooding
C.will be flooding D.flooded[解析] B 考查动词的时态。句意:随着乡村的城市化,很多来自农村的人涌入城市,城市地区的公共服务将马上有所改善。根据句意可知,flood这一动作从过去开始一直持续到现在,而且仍在持续,所以用现在完成进行时,故选B项。返回目录专题八 动词的时态与语态新
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测4.The climbers succeeded in climbing to the top of the mountain, and they owed their success to the preparations they .
A.make B.had made C.made D.have made[解析] B 考查动词的时态。句意:登山者们成功地登上了山顶,他们把这归功于他们之前所做的准备。根据动词succeeded和owed可知,“做准备”发生在“过去的过去”,所以用过去完成时,故选B项。返回目录专题八 动词的时态与语态新
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测5.—How is your sister?
—She________ quite good after the operation, but she is taking a turn for the worse today.
A.felt B.feels
C.had felt D.has been feeling[解析] A 考查动词的时态。句意:“你姐姐感觉怎样?”“她手术后感觉很好,但是今天变糟了。”根据语境可知,feel是过去的动作,所以用一般过去时,故选A项。返回目录专题八 动词的时态与语态新
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测6.At sixty, Maugham decided to withdraw from the theatre and wrote The Summing up, in which he tried to review what he________ from his life and literature.
A.had learned B.has learned
C.was learning D.would learn[解析] A 考查动词的时态。句意:在60岁的时候,毛姆决定离开剧院,写了The Summer up,文中他试着回顾他从生活和文学中学到的东西。根据谓语动词wrote可知,learn发生在“过去的过去”,所以用过去完成时。故选A项。返回目录专题八 动词的时态与语态新
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测7.—Do you have any plan for this Sunday?
—Yes, I ________ shopping with my friends.
A.go B.am going
C.went D.have gone[解析] B 考查动词的时态。句意:“你这周日有什么计划吗?”“有,我打算和朋友一起去购物。”根据句意可知为一般将来时,其中be doing现在进行时可以表将来,故选B项。返回目录专题八 动词的时态与语态新
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测8.The cinema ________ ten years ago when we first moved to this town.
A.built B.has built
C.was built D.would be built[解析] C 考查动词的时态和语态。句意:这家电影院是十年前我们第一次搬到这个镇上的时候建的。根据时间状语ten years ago可知,应用一般过去时,且主语cinema和谓语动词build之间是被动关系,故选C项。返回目录专题八 动词的时态与语态新
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测9.—Hi, Jack.You look a bit fat now.
—Yes, I ________ five pounds recently.
A.am putting on B.will put on
C.have put on D.had put on[解析] C 考查动词的时态。句意:“嗨,杰克,你现在看起来胖了一点儿。”“是的,我最近胖了5磅。”根据时间状语recently可知,应用现在完成时,故选C项。返回目录专题八 动词的时态与语态新
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测10.Drivers must stop when the traffic lights ________ red.
A.turn B.will turn
C.turned D.were turning[解析] A 考查动词的时态。句意:当交通灯变红的时候司机必须停下来。根据句意可知,该句为一般将来时,在when引导的时间状语从句中多用一般现在时表将来,故选A项。返回目录 教师备用习题1.—Are you still very busy?
—Yes, I ________ the report for the manager and it won't take long.
A.am just finishing B.have just finished
C.had just finished D.am just going to finish[解析] A 考查动词的时态。句意:“你还很忙吗?”“是的,我在给经理写报告,要不了多久就写完了。”语境表达“快要写完报告了”,说明finish的动作“正在进行”,故选A项。返回目录 教师备用习题2.Would you please keep silent? The news that the milk powder contains a harmful chemical ________ and I want to listen.
A.has been broadcast B.is broadcast
C.is being broadcast D.is broadcasting[解析] C 考查动词的时态。句意:请你们保持安静好吗?关于奶粉中含有一种有害的化学物质的新闻正在播报,我想听一听。the news与broadcast 之间是被动关系,且根据语境可知C项正确。返回目录 教师备用习题3.—Where are you working now?
—Working at a university. But I ________ in a high school for five years.
A.taught B.was teaching
C.had taught D.had been teaching[解析] A 考查动词的时态。句意:“你现在在哪儿工作?”“在一所大学里工作。但是我在高中教了5年书。”根据语境可知,teach的动作只发生在过去,且是一个结束的动作,所以用一般过去时,故选A项。返回目录 教师备用习题4.—Have you read any novels written by the famous writer Mo Yan?
—Yes, of course. I ________ several of his works when I was studying abroad.
A.read B.had read
C.have read D.was reading[解析] A 考查动词的时态。句意:“你读过著名作家莫言写的任何小说吗?”“是的,当然读过。在我留学时,我读了他的好几本著作。”根据when I was studying abroad可知,read是发生在过去的动作,故选A项。返回目录 教师备用习题5.She offered to give me a lift, but I ________ my bike, so I went to the cinema alone.
A.had ridden B.have ridden
C.will D.was riding[解析] D 考查动词的时态。句意:她主动让我搭车,但是我正在骑自行车,所以就独自去了电影院。根据offered和went可知句子用过去时,所以排除B、C项;A项表示“过去的过去”,故根据语境可知D项正确。返回目录 教师备用习题6.—Hey, where are you?
—At the railway station.My train________at 8:30 in the morning.
A.1eaves B.is leaving
C.will have left D.will leave[解析] A 考查动词的时态。句意:“嘿,你在哪儿?”“(我)在火车站。火车将于早上八点半离开。”表示按时间表、时刻表要发生的动作用一般现在时表示将来,故选A项。返回目录 教师备用习题7.You'd better not call the manager between 7点 and 8点 this evening, for he ________ an important meeting then.
A.will be having B.would have
C.will have D.will have had[解析] A 考查动词的时态。句意:你最好别在今晚7:00和8:00之间给经理打电话,因为那时他将在开一个重要的会议。根据this evening可知用将来时,“不能打电话”的原因是那时他“正在开会”,故用将来进行时。返回目录 教师备用习题8.—How did you like your trip to Yunnan?
—Wonderful indeed. We ________ with the local people happily.
A.had danced B.danced
C.were dancing D.have danced[解析] B 考查动词的时态。句意:“你觉得你的云南之旅怎么样?”“真的太美妙了。我们和当地人在一起愉快地跳舞。”根据“How did you like your trip to Yunnan?”可知,对话谈论的是过去的事,不强调过去的过去和过去进行,所以排除A、C,故选B项。返回目录 教师备用习题9.Mr Mat ________ to give up smoking in the office by the time he started his new job.
A.has persuaded B.had persuaded
C.had been persuaded D.has been persuaded[解析] C 考查动词的时态和语态。句意:到他开始新工作时,Mat先生已被说服不在办公室里吸烟了。persuade sb to do sth表示“说服某人做某事”,这里Mr Mat与persuade存在逻辑上的动宾关系,应使用被动语态,故排除A、B;根据时间状语从句by the time he started his new job的提示可知,此处表示到过去某一时间为止已经做完某事,应使用过去完成时。故选C项。返回目录 教师备用习题10.She could have been in time for the interview, but her flight ________.
A.was delaying B.had been delayed
C.has delayed D.was delayed[解析] D 考查动词的时态和语态。句意:她本来能够及时去参加面试,但是航班耽误了。由前半句的could have been可以看出动作发生在过去,又因为航班是被耽误的,所以用was delayed。