Unit 1 Technology and the Future素养综合检测（含解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024北师大版英语八年级下学期
Unit 1·素养综合检测
(满分46分,限时60分钟)
第一部分
　　本部分共26题,共26分。在每题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。
一、单项填空(每题0.5分,共6分)
　　从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.【国防教育】【新独家原创】 When we think of Chinese soldiers, we always connect them 　　　 bravery(勇敢).
A.for　　　B.with　　　C.over　　　D.to
2.(2022天津中考)Most parents think it is a good 　　　 to take a school bus because it’s quite safe.
A.risk　　　　　　 B.choice　　　
C.game　　　　　　 D.pity
3.【新独家原创】 David was very happy to know that his son made great 　　　 in the exam.
A.progress　　　　　　 B.mistake
C.suggestion　　　　　　 D.decision
4.【人与社会·文化习俗】 Dumplings are a kind of 　　　 food in China. People started to eat them a long time ago.
A.modern　　　　　　 B.traditional
C.unhealthy　　　　　　 D.necessary
5.(2023北京清华附中期中)—Hi, Mary, what’s your plan for the coming weekend
—I’m planning 　　　a picnic in the countryside with my cousins. Will you join us
A.enjoy 　　　　　　 B.to enjoy
C.enjoying　　　　　　 D.enjoyed
6.(2022安徽庐江期中)—My father doesn’t allow me 　　　 others’ homework.
—Nor does my father.
A.copies 　　　B.copy　　　C.copying　　　D.to copy
7.(2022云南中考)Our school life has become 　　　 than before because of all kinds of after-school activities.
A.colorful　　　　　　 B.colorfully
C.more colorful　　　　　　D.the most colorful
8.【人与自我·理性消费】【新独家原创】Before you pay, you should ______ this pair of shoes with the other ones. Then you will know which pair is better.
A.compare　　　　　　 B.connect
C.imagine 　　　　　　 D.communicate
9.I didn’t know how to 　　　 these old clothes. My mother advised me to give them away.
A.deal with 　　　　　　 B.agree with
C.wait for　　　　　　 D.talk with
10.【人与社会·文化体验】(2022安徽中考改编)You won’t fully experience the culture of a foreign country unless you go there 　　　.
A.in fact　　　　　　 B.in person
C.in time　　　　　　 D.in silence
11.(2023辽宁沈阳中考)—Could you tell me 　　　
—By underground.
A.where is Shenyang Imperial Palace
B.where Shenyang Imperial Palace is
C.how I can get to Shenyang Imperial Palace
D.how can I get to Shenyang Imperial Palace
12.【人与自我·健康生活】(2022云南中考)—Kids should play outdoor games more instead of playing computer games.
—　　　. It will be better for their eyes.
A.Just so so
B.Not at all
C.I agree with you
D.It’s a pity
二、完形填空(每题1分,共8分)
【人与社会·畅想未来】
　　阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。
　　In many big cities in the world, the overuse(过度使用) of cars is one of the main causes of air pollution.
What will cars be like in the future Some experts(专家) think that today’s cars are in trouble 　13　 they use too much petrol(汽油). They say the cars of the future will be much, much smaller. They will be made without engines (发动机) or air conditioning. They’ll have no radios or lights. Tomorrow’s cars will be open-air cars with no doors or 　14　. They needn’t have pollution control systems because they won’t 　15　 petrol. Very few people will be 　16　 in accidents, because the speed will be five miles per hour at most. However, we are also told not to 　17　 beautiful colors, because the cars will come in grey only.
　　Other car experts do not hold the same idea. They are sure that the future will be happier. They think that all the 　18　will be solved by car companies with the production of the supercars. The supercars will be　19　, faster and more comfortable than the other cars. The supercars will have four rooms, TVs, running water, heat, air conditioning, and maybe a swimming pool. Large families will travel 　20　. If petrol is in short supply(供应), the supercars will run on water.
13.A.but　　　 B.because C.although　　　 D.until
14.A.windows 　 B.walls C.boards　　　　 D.seats
15.A.make B.lose C.produce　 D.use
16.A.killed B.protected C.saved　　　　　 D.offered
17.A.care for B.ask for C.pick up D.leave for
18.A.ideas 　　 B.information C.problems 　　　 D.situations
19.A.shorter 　 B.cheaper C.smaller　　　 D.bigger
20.A.quickly 　　 B.comfortably C.suddenly　　 D.exactly
三、阅读理解(每题2分,共12分)
(一)阅读下列机器人介绍,请将Mary、David和Lisa的描述与适合他们使用的机器人相匹配。选项中有一项为多余选项。
A
【新独家原创】
A.This robot can help you take care of pets such as dogs, cats, rabbits and turtles. While you are not at home, it can help you with your pets.
B.This kind of robot is good at housework, especially cleaning. You can give it orders, and then it can clean your house in ten minutes.
C.This robot is designed for lazy people. If you can’t wake up on time, it can wake you up. It can even pull you out of your bed.
D.This robot is especially designed for cooking. It can cook delicious foods for you. It can make not only western food but also Chinese food.
21.Mary wants to have a robot which can help her sweep the floor. She hates sweeping and cleaning. She thinks it’s a waste of time doing some cleaning. If she has such a robot, she will feel relaxed and happy. She needs Robot 　　　.
22.David has a pet cat. He loves the cat, but he is too busy to take care of it. He really needs a robot to help him care for his pet cat. He doesn’t care the price of the robot. He can afford to buy one although it may cost too much. He needs Robot 　　　.
23.Lisa hopes to have a robot which can wake her up. She often stays up late and never gets up early. She is a secretary and works for a company. Her boss is dissatisfied with her because she often arrives late for work. She needs Robot 　　　.
　　(二)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。
B
【新素材·ChatGPT】(2023山东日照中考改编)
ChatGPT, a new chatbot model developed by OpenAI, has quickly become a hit all over the world because of its powerful conversational abilities.
It can write emails, computer codes(代码), songs, poems, and even short stories, and has passed a number of tests within seconds. Experts around the world are discussing whether AI should be used in education. Some schools have banned (禁止) it. The New York City Department of Education, for example, banned ChatGPT from its public school networks, and some people are warning that it could encourage more students to cheat, especially in exams.
Many more people welcome this app, saying that, like most technologies in history, ChatGPT is a powerful tool for the development of education.
Accepting AI as early as possible is a good choice. Schools should make preparations for including AI in their teaching plans. They can start by offering AI courses, because by understanding how it works, they can make better use of it. Besides, students with good knowledge of AI are more competitive when it comes to getting a job, as an increasing number of jobs are being done by computer programs. AI-powered education technologies can be used to make the learning experience more suitable for each student. As for teachers, AI can free them from doing some boring work so they can focus on their teaching.
Since we cannot stop ChatGPT and other AI-powered apps from entering the field of education, we should make efforts to make sure they have a positive impact(积极影响)on society and the future of education. AI helps to make learning much more interesting and enjoyable, but humans need to work very hard to win the race against technology.
24.Why is ChatGPT banned in some schools
A.It can offer help quickly.
B.Students may chat on it.
C.It can pass a test in seconds.
D.Students may cheat in exams.
25.In what way can AI help students
A.It offers students a number of jobs.
B.It suits students’ personal learning.
C.It frees students from boring work.
D.It allows students to focus on learning.
26.【新考法·情感态度题】 What is the writer’s attitude(态度) towards ChatGPT
A.Supportive. 　　　　　　B.Doubtful.
C.Uncertain.　　　　　　 D.Fearful.
第二部分
　　本部分共5题,共20分。根据题目要求,完成相应任务。
四、阅读表达(第27—29题每题2分,第30题4分,共10分)
【人与社会·科学技术】
阅读短文,根据短文内容回答问题。
　　There are some interesting robots that lead the way in robotics(机器人科学) and artificial intelligence(人工智能). Here are some popular robots.
QRIO was made by a Japanese company called Sony. Its height is about 60 centimeters. QRIO can walk, talk and dance. It can recognize voices and faces. It can also play ball games and surf the Internet. QRIO has its purposes. It can live with you so that you won’t feel lonely. It can make your life fun and make you happy.
HRP was made by a company called Kawada Industries. Its height is 1.5 meters and its weight is 58 kilograms. Its purposes are to work in human environment and use human tools. It can walk and crouch(蹲下). It can get up from the floor as quickly and smoothly(平稳地) as a human. Some scientists say that HRP is the strongest and smartest robot in the world.
ASIMO was made by Honda. Its height is 1.2 meters. It can walk, run, dance and turn corners. It can recognize hand gestures and carry objects. It can also climb up and down the stairs. It might be the most advanced(高级的) humanoid robot in the world.
AIBO was made by Sony, too. Its height is 27 centimeters. It stands for artificial intelligence robot. It has five basic instincts(本能) and they are to love, search, move, recharge and sleep. AIBO likes to dance and play with its toys. When AIBO is low on power, it will look for its charging station on its own. AIBO can take photos. The photos can be sent by email and stored in its memory card.
27.Which two robots were made by Sony according to the passage
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
28.What are HRP’s purposes
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
29.What are AIBO’s basic instincts
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
30.【新考法·开放性试题】Do you think it’s easy to invent a robot Why or why not
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
五、文段表达(10分)
31.从下面两个题目中任选一题,根据所给提示,完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。
题目①
【人与社会·畅想未来】(2023北京平谷期末)
你有想过自己未来的生活吗 未来的你是什么样的人 跟现在的自己相比有什么不一样 假如你是李华,某英文报社正在发起以“畅想未来”为主题的征文活动。请你用英语以“What Will My Life Be Like in 20 Years”为题写一篇短文投稿,描述你未来的生活,并简要说明为了遇见更好的自己,你现在该怎样做。
提示词语:develop, change, learn, practise
提示问题:●What will your life be like in the future
●What should you do now
What Will My Life Be Like in 20 Years
___________________________________________________________
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
题目②
【人与社会·科学技术】
　　人工智能时代,未来教室将如何变化 教和学将发生怎样的变革 某英文网站正在开展以“My Future School Life”为主题的征文活动。假如你是李华,请根据下面的提示问题,写一篇短文参加此次征文活动,内容包括:未来的学校是什么样子 学生上课的方式会有哪些变化 放学后学生们会做些什么
提示词语:robot, teach, learn, Internet, do sports
提示问题:●What will the school be like
●How will students study
●What can students do after school (E8201004)
My Future School Life
　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　 　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　 　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　 　　　　　　　 　 　　
答案全解全析
一、1.B　根据语境可知,我们总是把中国军人和勇敢联系起来,connect...with...意为“把……和……联系起来”,故选B。
2.B　risk危险;choice选择;game游戏;pity同情。句意:大多数父母觉得坐校车是一个很好的选择,因为它相当安全。choice符合句意。
3.A　progress进步;mistake错误;suggestion建议;decision决定。根据题干中的“David很高兴”可推知,他儿子在考试中取得了很大“进步”,progress符合语境。
4.B　modern现代的;traditional传统的;unhealthy不健康的;necessary必要的。饺子是一种“传统的”食物,traditional符合语境。
5.B　plan to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“计划做某事”,故答案为B。
6.D　allow sb. to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“允许某人做某事”,故答案
为D。
7.C　根据设空处后的than可知,此处要用形容词的比较级形式,more colorful符合语境。
8.A　compare比较;connect连接;imagine想象;communicate交流。根据语境可知,在付款之前,你应该比较一下这双鞋和其他鞋,compare符合语境。
9.A　deal with处理;agree with同意;wait for等待;talk with与……交谈。根据语境可知,我不知道如何“处理”这些旧衣服,deal with符合语境。
10.B　in fact事实上;in person亲自;in time及时;in silence默默地。根据语境可知,如果你不亲自去外国,你就无法完全体会到那个国家的文化,in person符合语境。
11.C　宾语从句要用陈述句语序,先排除选项A和D;再根据答语“坐地铁”可知,宾语从句的引导词是how,故答案为C。
12.C　根据题干中“儿童应该多做户外运动,而不是玩电脑游戏”和“那对他们的眼睛更有好处”可知,说话人赞同对方的观点,故选C。
二、[语篇解读]　本文介绍了专家对于未来小汽车的预测。
13.B　设空处前一分句意为“一些专家认为现在的小汽车处于困境中”,设空处后一分句意为“它们使用太多汽油”,根据设空处前后的因果关系可知,所缺的词是because。
14.A　以后的小汽车会是露天的,没有门,也没有“窗户”,所缺的词是windows。
15.D　它们不需要有污染控制系统,因为它们不“使用”汽油,use符合语境。
16.A　几乎没有人会在交通事故中“死亡”,所缺的词是killed。
17.B　根据句中的“小汽车只能是灰色的”可知,我们不能“要求”小汽车有漂亮的颜色,ask for符合题意。
18.C　他们认为所有“问题”都会被解决,所缺的词是problems。
19.D　根据其后的描述可知,超级汽车将会比其他小汽车“更大”,bigger符合语境。
20.B　quickly快速地;comfortably舒服地;suddenly突然地;exactly恰好。根据语境可知,人口多的家庭将会“舒服地”旅行,comfortably符合语境。
三、 A
[语篇解读]　本文介绍了三个人的情况以及四种机器人。
21.B　根据Mary描述中的“她想要一个可以帮她扫地的机器人”可知,她需要的机器人是B。
22.A　根据David描述中的“他太忙了,没办法照顾他的宠物猫”可知,他需要的机器人是A。
23.C　根据Lisa描述中的“她希望拥有一个可以叫醒她的机器人”,她需要的机器人是C。
B
[语篇解读]　本文介绍了ChatGPT——一种新型的聊天机器人。
24.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Some schools have banned it...some people are warning that it could encourage more students to cheat, especially in exams.”可知,一些学校禁止学生使用ChatGPT是因为学生可能在考试中作弊,故选D。
25.B　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“AI-powered education technologies can be used to make the learning experience more suitable for each student.”可知,由人工智能驱动的教育技术可以使学习体验更适合每个学生。故选B。
26.A　观点态度题。通读第四、五段可知,作者对使用ChatGPT持支持态度,故选A。
四、[语篇解读]　本文介绍了四种流行的机器人。
27.QRIO and AIBO.　根据QRIO和AIBO的简介可知,它们都是索尼公司制造的。
28.To work in human environment and use human tools.
根据第三段中的“Its purposes are to work in human environment and use human tools.”可知答案。
29.They are to love, search, move, recharge and sleep.　根据第五段中的“It has five basic instincts and they are to love, search, move, recharge and sleep.”可知答案。
30.No. I think it’s hard to invent a robot because it needs lots of time and energy.　答案不唯一,符合题意即可。
五、 31.One possible version:
题目①
What Will My Life Be Like in 20 Years
　　What will my life be like in 20 years I think I will have a better life.
　　I will be thirty-five years old by then. I will have my own family, probably with a lovely child. I hope I will work in a computer company as a programmer. I’ll enjoy my work and get along well with my colleagues. I’ll work hard whatever I do. In my free time, I’ll continue to take regular exercise such as swimming, running and all kinds of ball games. On my holidays, I’ll travel around the world. In a word, my life will be much richer and more colorful.
　　In order to realize my dream, I will study hard now.
题目②
My Future School Life
　　I think my future school life will be more colorful and interesting.
　　In the school, there will be no teachers. Many robots can teach us English, math and so on. They know what we’re studying and they will be able to help us solve problems easily. Sometimes we don’t need to go to school. Instead, we can stay at home and have classes on the Internet.
　　We won’t have so many classes every day so we can have more free time to do sports after school, such as playing football and playing table tennis.
　　I believe my future school life will be more attractive.
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