动词重要时态、语态之（现在完成时）
1 ．（2024 届广东省四校高三第一次联考试题）So far, Shandong (launch) many cultural tourism projects, making great progress in digging into the culture and value of the Yellow River to boost the high-quality
development of the region.(用所给词正确形式填空)
2 ．（广东省六校 2023-2024 学年高三联考试题）Panda conservation, on its own, (be) a success up to
now. In the 1980s, pandas had very little protection in the wild and were thought to add up to around just 1,100
individuals. （所给词的适当形式填空）
3 ．（湖南省岳阳第一中学 2023-2024 学年高三开学试题）But locals say the demand for their paintings
(decline) in the past two pandemic-struck years. ” （所给词的适当形式填空）
4．(2024 届四川省成都市树德中学高高三模拟试题)According to a study, recently scientists (identify) a possible additional cause, one that is an entirely new threat and that further prevents the penguins from finding
food: noise pollution from marine ships in a bay. （所给词的适当形式填空）
5．(2024 届四川省四川大学附属中学高三检测试题)Over the past nine months, the cat 46 (grow) into
the period of young adulthood when it is ready to mate. (所给词的适当形式填空)
6 ．( 2024 届浙江省绍兴市高三上学期模拟预测试题)Since the founding of new China, large-scale protection of
the river (carry) out and remarkable achievements made.(所给词的适当形式填空)
7 ．The use of those plastics (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation
continues. (所给词的适当形式填空)
8 ．There (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, causing
largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9 ．The intersection (交汇处) of Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces is home to Northeast China Tiger, which
(set) out to protect the habitats of those two species since its start. (所给词的适当形式填空)
10 ．Magic, the miniature horse, (win) many awards for her work so far. (所给词的适当形式填空)
11 ．When and where professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture (not decide) yet. (所
给词的适当形式填空)
12．So far this year, no measures (take) against cruelty to animals despite their protest in the newspaper.
(所给词的适当形式填空)
13 ．Many intelligent search engines (design) for teenagers to aid them in study so far. (所给词的适当
形式填空)
14 ．As is reported in today’s paper, lots of money (raise) for the homeless so far. (所给词的适
当形式填空)
15 ．Neither food nor clothes (send) to the old man since two years ago. (所给词的适当形式填空)
16 ．All the furniture (polish) so far and we can move it into our new house. (所给词的适当形式填空) 17 ．Effective measures such as building a botanic garden and a fish breeding station (take) to protect the
biodiversity in China’s southwestern Baihetan Dam area so far. (所给词的适当形式填空)
18．Great Expectations (sell) well, but not all books (sell) out yet. (所给词的适当形式
填空)
19 ．I suggest that you buy a new machine because the old one (damage) beyond repair. (所给词的适当
形式填空)
20 ．The meeting (put) off till next week. (所给词的适当形式填空)
21 ．More than 600,000 of them (force) to flee their homes to escape violence since June. (所给词的适
当形式填空)
22 ．The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and (remain) around that level
since. (所给词的适当形式填空)
23 ．For example, research into the brilliant blue wings of a species of butterfly (lead) to innovative
technologies since scientist uncovered the secret behind their bright colour. (所给词的适当形式填空)
24 ．Recent years (see) environmental disasters on a grand scale, and experts are predicting
far worse to come. (所给词的适当形式填空)
25 ．The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody （see ）them since. (所给词的适当形式填空)
26．Since 2011, the country (grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent
over the past 25 years. （所给词的适当形式填空）
27．Irene said, “I don’t see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends
I (make) over the years.” （所给词的适当形式填空）
28 ．Recent years (witness) a great improvement in the relations between the two countries.
29 ．（2022 年浙江卷 1 月） On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics — many of the climate scientists (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. (所给
词的适当形式填空)
30 ．（2022 全国甲卷） In the last five years, Cao (walk) through 34 countries in six continents. （所给
词的适当形式填空）
31 ．Dramatic changes (take) place during the past few years in China. (所给词的适当形式填空)
32 ．In recent years, as the “new” technology of using computers and smartphones (take)over society, students no longer need to learn how to write “ mechanically" and they let their keyboards do the work. （所给词
的适当形式填空）
33 ．For example, roughly 200 academics—many of them climate scientists (promise) to fly as little as
possible since the effort started two years ago. (所给词的适当形式填空)
34 ．People (influence) to become technology addicted. One survey reported that “addicted” was the word most commonly used by people to describe their relationship to iPad and similar devices. (所给词的适当形式填空)
35 ．One of humanity’s greatest achievements has been mastering routes across the world’s munities
separated by thousands of miles (bring) into contact and religious ideas have spread across the waters,
while artistic creativity has been motivated by the experience of seeing the products of different civilizations. (所给
词的适当形式填空)
36 ．The discovery has caused huge excitement among historians, as it provides firm evidence about a ruler whose life (shadow), in spite of official records, by rumors (谣言) concerning his cold blood since his death at
the Battle of Bosworth in 1485. (所给词的适当形式填空)
37 ．Since April drinks companies (force) to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink
they produce or import, depending on the sugar content. (所给词的适当形式填空)
38 ．With people paying attention to fitness, self-service mini-gyms, each covering about 5 square meters,
(spring) up in China’s major cities these years. (所给词的适当形式填空)
39 ．About 3.000 Chinese students will go to universities in America this year, plus 200 who ( admit )
earlier for graduate and postgraduate studies. (所给词的适当形式填空)
40．All possible means (try) to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. (所给词的适当形
式填空)
二 、 单项选择
41 ．Not only some international stars but also the Chinese singer and dancer wonderful performances at
the concert recently.
A ．has given B ．have given C ．is giving D ．will be giving
42 ．Over the past centuries, an amazing picture of Yangshao Culture across China, mainly along the
Yellow River.
A ．emerged B ．had emerged C ．was emerged D ．has emerged
43 ．92000 hectares of farmland in the country have been planted with food crops .
A ．up to now B ．ten years ago C ．now and then D ．by the end of next year
44 ．I first read the fashion magazine over a decade ago and to it since.
A ．subscribed
B ．had subscribed
C ．have subscribed
D ．was subscribing
45 ．In the past decades, some number plates extremely valuable, particularly those that spell out words.
A ．had become B ．have become C ．has become D ．Became
46 ．Alice is the only one of the students who a winner of scholarship for three years.
A ．is B ．are C ．have been D ．has been
47 ．On a website called N6 Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics — many of the climate scientists
to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
A ．have been promised B ．is promised C ．promised D ．have promised
48 ．So far, the coach as well as all the players their confidence.
A ．has lost B ．have lost C ．lost D ．is losing
49 ．—Are you waiting for a bus from the office of the City Government
—Yes. I arrived here at the bus stop ten minutes ago, but the bus .
A ．hadn’t come B ．won’t come C ．didn’t come D ．hasn’t come
50 ．With China’s traditional tea-making added to UNESCO cultural heritage list, 43 items the intangible
cultural heritage list in the past few decades.
A ．entered B ．have entered C ．enter D ．are entering
三 、 语法填空
Passage 1
阅读下面材料,在题后空白处填入适当的内容（每空一词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
In many films, whenever Earth faces a disaster, the 51 （solve ） is always fleeing the planet 52 spaceship. But now the Chinese sci-fi movie, The Wandering Earth 53 （offer ） a different and 54 （encourage） idea. In the film, Earth is being destroyed by the dying sun. In response, humans around the world work together 55 (build) a giant engine system, 56 will push Earth away from the sun. This"ambition" didn't come from nowhere. Up to now “homeland” 57 (have) a soft spot in the hearts and minds of Chinese people.
This special cultural background 58 (probable) makes The Wandering Earth different from other films.
The film was released on Feb 5, the first day of Chinese New Year. It was 59 time when many people had just made the hard journey back to 60 (they) hometowns. So there is only one possible way to tell the story：
Earth goes wherever humans go,because it's our home.
Passage 2
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Like other big cities, Paris has also a traffic problem: lots of cars, traffic jams and traffic pollution. So since
2007, the city 61 (start) a plan to improve the situation.
Under a project, people can take a bicycle, use it as long as they want, and then leave it at the same or another bicycle station. The first half-hour is free, 62 if you don’t return it after 30 minutes, you have to pay. It’s only $1 or $29 a year. The bicycles are as heavy as 25 kilograms, and they’re all grey and have baskets. There’re a
large number of 63 (they) in the city, and the bicycle stations are more than the subway stations!
Paris isn’t the first city to operate a project like this. One Parisian said, “These bicycles are only suitable for short 64 (journey). If people want to travel across the city, they won’t use a bicycle — they’ll still use
their cars.”
A city spokesman said, “The bicycle project won’t solve all our traffic problems, but it might work in 65 (reduce) air pollution. Traffic, together with factory fumes, 66 (be) a big problem. Everyone knows about
global warming and dramatic climate changes — we know this is partly because rainforests are 67
(gradual) disappearing. And it’s also because there’s so much pollution. There aren’t any simple answers 68 traffic problems and pollution in cities, but the bicycles might help people lead 69 healthier life. Unless we do something now, there’ll be more traffic jams and temperatures will continue to rise, so the problems in our
environment will get even 70 (bad).”动词重要时态、语态之（现在完成时）
1 ．（2024 届广东省四校高三第一次联考试题）So far, Shandong (launch) many cultural tourism projects, making great progress in digging into the culture and value of the Yellow River to boost the high-quality development of the region.(用所给词正确形式填空)
【答案】has launched
【详解】考查时态。句意：迄今为止，山东已经启动了许多文化旅游项目，在挖掘黄河文化和价值方面取 得了重大进展，以推动该地区的高质量发展。根据上文 So far 可知为现在完成时，主语为 Shandong，助动
词用 has。故填 has launched。
2 ．（广东省六校 2023-2024 学年高三联考试题）Panda conservation, on its own, (be) a success up to
now. In the 1980s, pandas had very little protection in the wild and were thought to add up to around just 1,100
individuals. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】has been
【详解】考查时态。句意：到目前为止，熊猫保护本身是成功的。根据后文 up to now 可知为现在完成时，
主语为 conservation，助动词用 has。故填 has been。
3 ．（湖南省岳阳第一中学 2023-2024 学年高三开学试题）But locals say the demand for their paintings
(decline) in the past two pandemic-struck years. ” （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】has declined
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：但当地人表示，在过去疫情肆虐的两年里，对他们画作的需求有所下降。
分析句子可知，根据时间状语 in the past two pandemic-struck years (在过去疫情肆虐的两年里)谓语动词
decline 应使用现在完成时，主语 the demand for their paintings 抽象概念，谓语单数形式。故填 has declined。
4 ．(2024 届 四 川 省 成 都 市 树 德 中 学 高 高 三 适 应 性 模 拟 试 题)According to a study, recently scientists (identify) a possible additional cause, one that is an entirely new threat and that further prevents the penguins from
finding food: noise pollution from marine ships in a bay. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】have identified
【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：根据一项研究，最近科学家们发现了一个可能的额外原因，
这是一个全新的威胁，进一步阻止企鹅寻找食物：海湾中船舶的噪音污染。分析句子可知， identify(发现)是 句中谓语动词， 与主语 scientists 之间是主动关系， 句中有时间状语 recently，应使用现在完成时态， 又因主 语是复数名词， 所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上， 谓语应用现在完成时主动语态， 复数形式。故填 have
identified。
5．(2024 届四川省四川大学附属中学高三检测试题)Over the past nine months, the cat 46 (grow) into
the period of young adulthood when it is ready to mate. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has grown
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的 9 个月里，这只猫已经长到了成年阶段，也就是进入到了 交配期，在此时它已经准备好有配偶了。句子中的时间状语 Over the past nine months 与现在完成时连用。
主语是 the cat，所以谓语动词要用单数形式。故填 has grown。
6．( 2024 届浙江省绍兴市高三上学期模拟预测英语试题)Since the founding of new China, large-scale protection
of the river (carry) out and remarkable achievements made.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has been carried
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：新中国成立以来，对黄河进行了大规模的保护，并取得了显著的成就。 句子结构分析可知，设空处在句中作谓语动词，由时间状语“Since the founding of new China”可知此句用现 在完成时，主语 large-scale protection of the river 与动词短语 carry out 之间为被动关系，此句谓语动词用现 在完成时的被动语态； large-scale protection of the river 作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填 has been
carried。
7 ．The use of those plastics (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation
continues. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has increased
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：自从 2019 年以来，那些塑料的使用已经增加了 300%。如果这种情况继续 下去， 世界将无法生存。空格处作谓语， 根据时间状语 since 2019，可知此处用现在完成时， 主语为 The use
of those plastics，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填 has increased。
8 ．There (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, causing
largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has been
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，过去 20 年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，
这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。根据时间状语 over the past 20 years 可知，此处使用现在完成时，
主语 a dramatic rise 是单数感念，助动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填 has been。
9 ．The intersection (交汇处) of Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces is home to Northeast China Tiger, which
(set) out to protect the habitats of those two species since its start. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has set
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：吉林和黑龙江的交界处是东北虎的栖息地，这个地方从一开始就开始保护 这两个物种的栖息地。分析句子可知，此处为 which 引导的非限制性定语从句中谓语动词的填入，由 since
可知，此处应为现在完成时，先行词 The intersection 为单数名词，助动词使用 has。故填 has set。
10 ．Magic, the miniature horse, (win) many awards for her work so far. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has won
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，小马 Magic 已经获得了许多奖项。由so far 可知，句子
时态用现在完成时，主语 horse 是单数，因此空格处是 has won。故填 has won。
11 ．When and where professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture (not decide) yet. (所
给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】hasn’t been decided
【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：詹姆斯教授何时何地给我们做关于西方文化的讲座还没有决 定。根据语境及句中的 yet 可知， 用现在完成时， 主语 When and where professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture 与谓语 decide 之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，且主语为单数概念，谓语动词用单数
形式。故 hasn’t been decided。
12 ．So far this year, no measures (take) against cruelty to animals despite their protest in the
newspaper. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】have been taken
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：今年到目前为止，尽管他们在报纸上抗议，但没有采取任何措施反对虐待 动物。分析句子结构可知， 本空为句子的谓语。根据So far this year 可知本句用现在完成时， 且主语no measures
与动词 take 为动宾关系， 故用现在完成时的被动语态。主语是复数， 助动词用 have，故填 have been taken。
13 ．Many intelligent search engines (design) for teenagers to aid them in study so far. (所给词的适当
形式填空)
【答案】have been designed
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，许多智能搜索引擎都是为青少年设计的，以帮助
他们学习。空处为句子谓语动词， 根据时间状语 so far 判断为现在完成时， 主语 intelligent search engines 与
design 之间是被动关系，因此用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是复数，助动词用 have。故填 have been
designed。
14 ．As is reported in today’s paper, lots of money (raise) for the homeless so far. (所给词的适
当形式填空)
【答案】has been raised
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：正如今天的报纸报道的那样，到目前为止，为无家可归者筹集了大量资金。 分析句子可知， 设空处所给动词 raise 在句子中充当谓语， 和主语 money 是被动关系， 应使用被动语态， 根 据后面的时间状语 so far 可知，应使用现在完成时，因此应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语 money 是不可
数名词。故填 has been raised。
15 ．Neither food nor clothes (send) to the old man since two years ago. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】have been sent
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意： 自从两年前以来，没有人给这位老人送过食物和衣服。 “since+过去时间” 作时间状语时，句子用现在完成时，根据就近原则，主语 clothes 为复数，且与动词 sent“委派”之间存在被
动关系，应使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为复数，助动词用 have。故填 have been sent。
16 ．All the furniture (polish) so far and we can move it into our new house. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has been polished
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，所有的家具都已经抛光了，我们可以把它搬进我们的 新房子了。结合时间状语 so far，主语 All the furniture 和谓语动词 polish 是被动关系， 用现在完成时的被动
语态，主语 All the furniture 不可数，谓语单数形式。故填 has been polished。
17 ．Effective measures such as building a botanic garden and a fish breeding station (take) to protect the
biodiversity in China’s southwestern Baihetan Dam area so far. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】have been taken
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：迄今为止，中国西南部白鹤滩坝区已经采取了建立植物园和鱼类育种站等 有效措施来保护生物多样性。take 与主语 Effective measures 是逻辑动宾关系， 应用被动语态， 由 so far 可知，
应用现在完成时，主语是复数，助动词使用 have。故填 have been taken。
18．Great Expectations (sell) well, but not all books (sell) out yet. (所给词的适当形式
填空)
【答案】 sells have been sold
【详解】考查时态和语态以及主动表达被动。句意：《远大前程》卖得很好，但并不是所有的书都卖光了。
but 之前的句子为一般现在时，表达主语内在的“ 品质”或“性能” 的一些词，比如:lock, shut, open, write, sell, wash... 用主动语态。所以第一个空为 sells。根据句意可知， but 之后的句子为现在完成时， 主语与谓语为被
动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是复数，助动词用 have。故填 sells ，have been sold。
19 ．I suggest that you buy a new machine because the old one (damage) beyond repair. (所给词的适当
形式填空)
【答案】has been damaged
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：我建议你买台新机器，因为旧机器已经损坏得无法修理了。分析可知，所 填动词作原因状语从句的谓语动词， 结合前文“I suggest that you buy a new machine(我建议你买台新机器)”语 境为一般现在时可推知， 设空句表述原因， 应使用现在完成时， 强调“发生在过去的动作对现在造成的影响 或者结果”。且动词“damage”与主语“the old one”之间为被动关系， 用现在完成时被动语态， 主语是单数， 故
填 has been damaged。
20 ．The meeting (put) off till next week. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has been put
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：会议已推迟到下周。根据句意及所给句子可知， 此处使用动词短语 put off“推 迟” ，表示动做发生在过去， 对现在有影响， 应用现在完成时， the meeting 与 put off 之间是被动关系， 应用
现在完成时的被动语态。故填 has been put。
21 ．More than 600,000 of them (force) to flee their homes to escape violence since June. (所给词的适
当形式填空)
【答案】have been forced
【详解】考查动词时态。句意： 自 6 月以来，超过 60 万人被迫逃离家园，以躲避暴力。分析句意可知，复 数概念的主语More than 600,000 of them“超过 60 万人”与动词force“强迫”构成动宾关系， 应该使用被动语态，
且时间状语 since June“自 6 月以来”表明使用现在完成时。故填 have been forced。
22 ．The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and (remain) around that level
since. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has remained
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意： 20 世纪 90 年代初，医学院的数量达到 18 所，此后一直保持在这一水 平。 remain 是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态， the number of…短语作主语，谓语用单数， since 暗示用现
在完成时。故填 has remained。
23 ．For example, research into the brilliant blue wings of a species of butterfly (lead) to innovative
technologies since scientist uncovered the secret behind their bright colour. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has led
【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：例如，自从科学家发现蝴蝶明亮的颜色背后的秘密以来，对一种蝴蝶明 亮的蓝色翅膀的研究已经带来了创新技术。根据句中时间状语“since scientist uncovered the secret behind their
bright colour”可知，此处应用现在完成时态，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。主语中心词为
“research”，故谓语动词也应用单数形式。故填 has led。
24 ．Recent years (see) environmental disasters on a grand scale, and experts are predicting
far worse to come. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】have seen
【详解】考查时态。句意：近年来发生了大规模的环境灾难，专家们预测情况还会更糟。由 Recent years 可 知是过去某一时间到现在一直持续发生的事，应用现在完成时；本处是时间 Recent years 做主语，应用复数
形式；主语与谓语之间是主动关系。故填 have seen。
25 ．The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody （see ）them since. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has seen
【详解】考查动词。句意：这些报告于 2012 年失踪，此后无人见过它们。根据 since 时间状语可知，此处
动词为现在完成时，结合 nobody 为不定代词作主语，谓语为单数形式。故填 has seen。
26．Since 2011, the country (grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent
over the past 25 years. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】has grown
【详解】考查时态。句意：自 2011 年以来，该国种植的玉米超过了水稻。玉米产量在过去 25 年里增长了 近 125%。根据时间状语“Since 2011”可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语 country 是名词单数，助动词应用
has，故填 has grown。
27．Irene said, “I don’t see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends
I (make) over the years.” （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】have made
【详解】考查时态。句意：Irene 说：“我不认为有任何理由放弃工作。我喜欢来到这里，看到我的家人和这
些年结交的所有朋友。 ”根据时间状语“over the years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语是 I，助动词用
have。故填 have made。
28 ．Recent years (witness) a great improvement in the relations between the two countries.
【答案】have witnessed
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：近年来，两国关系有了很大的改善。根据主语 Recent years 可知，此处用现
在完成时，且主语是复数形式。故填 have witnessed。
29 ．（2022 年浙江卷 1 月） On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics — many of the climate scientists (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. (所给
词的适当形式填空)
【答案】have promised
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：例如，在一个名为“无蝇气候科学” 的网站上，大约 200 名学者——其
中许多气候科学家——承诺自两年前开始这项工作以来，尽可能少地飞行。根据时间状语“since the effort
started two years ago”可知， 主句应使用现在完成时， 主语“many of them climate scientists”是复数， 因此空格
处是 have promised。故填 have promised。
30 ．（2022 全国甲卷） In the last five years, Cao (walk) through 34 countries in six continents. （所给
词的适当形式填空）
【答案】has walked
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的 34 个国家。根据时间状语 in the last five
years 可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语 Cao 为第三人称单数，助动词用 has。故填 has walked。
31 ．Dramatic changes (take) place during the past few years in China. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】have taken
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几年中， 中国发生了巨大的变化。根据后文“during the past few years”可知时态用现在完成时，take place 没有被动语态，主语为 Dramatic changes，是复数， 助动词用 have。
故填 have taken。
32 ．In recent years, as the “new” technology of using computers and smartphones (take)over society, students no longer need to learn how to write “ mechanically" and they let their keyboards do the work. （所给词
的适当形式填空）
【答案】has taken
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：近年来，由于使用电脑和智能手机的“新”技术已经接管了社会，学生们不再 需要学习如何“机械地” 书写，他们让键盘工作。根据时间状语“In recent years”可知，此处使用现在完成时，
主语为 technology，助动词用 has。故填 has taken。
33 ．For example, roughly 200 academics—many of them climate scientists (promise) to fly as little as
possible since the effort started two years ago. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】have promised
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：例如，大约 200 名学者——其中许多是气候科学家——承诺自两年 前开始这项工作以来，尽可能少地乘坐飞机。句子的主语是复数名词 academics，再根据后面的由 since 引
导的时间状语从句可知，此处主句谓语动词 promise 应用现在完成时，谓语复数形式。故填 have promised。
34 ．People (influence) to become technology addicted. One survey reported that “addicted” was the word
most commonly used by people to describe their relationship to iPad and similar devices. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】have been influenced
【详解】考查时态。句意：人们已经被影响而对科技上瘾。一项调查报告称，“上瘾”是人们最常使用的词， 用来描述他们与 iPad 和类似设备的关系。分析句子，设空处作谓语，句子表述动作发生在过去，对现在有 影响故使用现在完成时。同时 people 和 influence 之间是被动关系，故使用现在完成时被动语态， people(人
们)作主语，谓语动词用复数。故填 have been influenced。
35 ．One of humanity’s greatest achievements has been mastering routes across the world’s munities
separated by thousands of miles (bring) into contact and religious ideas have spread across the waters,
while artistic creativity has been motivated by the experience of seeing the products of different civilizations. (所给
词的适当形式填空)
【答案】have been brought
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：人类最伟大的成就之一就是掌握了穿越世界海洋的路线。相隔数千英里的
社区已经开始接触，宗教思想已经传播到整个水域，而艺术创作则是因为看到了不同文明的产物。主语
Communities 与谓语动词 bring 构成被动关系，根据后半句中的 have spread 判断填写现在完成时，表示“社
区已经开始接触” ，且主语是复数。故填 have been brought。
36 ．The discovery has caused huge excitement among historians, as it provides firm evidence about a ruler whose life (shadow), in spite of official records, by rumors (谣言) concerning his cold blood since his death at
the Battle of Bosworth in 1485. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has been shadowed
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：这一发现在历史学家中引起了巨大的轰动，因为它为这位统治者的 生活提供了确凿的证据， 尽管有官方记录， 但自从 1485 年他死于博斯沃思战役后， 有关他冷血的谣言一直 笼罩着他的生活。分析句子可知， whose 引导的定语从句缺谓语动词， 结合时间状语“since his death at the Battle
of Bosworth in 1485”可知，应是现在完成时，且动词“shadow(在……上投下或覆盖阴影)”与主语“whose life”
之间为被动关系，应是现在完成时被动结构：have/has been done，且主语“whose life”为第三人称单数。故填
has been shadowed。
37 ．Since April drinks companies (force) to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink
they produce or import, depending on the sugar content. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】have been forced
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意： 自 4 月以来，饮料公司被迫为生产或进口的每升含糖饮料支付 18 便士至 24 便士的费用，具体取决于含糖量。根据时间状语 since April 判断为现在完成时，且主语 companies 和谓
语动词 force 之间为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填 have been forced。
38 ．With people paying attention to fitness, self-service mini-gyms, each covering about 5 square meters,
(spring) up in China’s major cities these years. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】have sprung up
【详解】考查时态。句意：近年来，随着人们对健身的重视，面积约 5 平方米的自助迷你健身房如雨后春 笋般在中国各大城市兴起。分析句意可知， 本句主语为复数形式的名词短语 self-service mini-gyms“自助迷你 健身房”，与谓语动词 spring up“迅速成长”构成主动关系， 且根据时间状语 these years“这些年”，可知句子用
现在完成时态，且主语是复数。故填 have sprung up。
39 ．About 3.000 Chinese students will go to universities in America this year, plus 200 who ( admit )
earlier for graduate and postgraduate studies. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】have been admitted
【详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：加上早些时候因为毕业和研究生学习而被录取的 200 名 学生， 今年大概会有 3000 名学生去美国上大学。分析句子结构， 此处动词与前面 200 名学生构成被动语态， 结合句意，此处表示的是“ 已经被录取的” ，故用完成时态的被动语态。主语为复数，谓语动词用复数形式。
故填 have been admitted。
40．All possible means (try) to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. (所给词的适当形
式填空)
【答案】have been tried
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：为了防止空气污染，人们已经采取了一切可能的办法，但是天 空仍然不明朗。空处在句中作谓语，根据句意可知，尝试这一动作从过去到现在已经完成，且主语 means 和动词 try 是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动， means 用作名词，表示“方式；方法” ，单复数同形。本句
中 means 前边有限定词 all，复数意义，故填 have been tried。
二 、 单项选择
41 ．Not only some international stars but also the Chinese singer and dancer wonderful performances at
the concert recently.
A ．has given B ．have given C ．is giving D ．will be giving
【答案】A
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：最近不仅有一些国际明星，还有中国的歌手兼舞蹈家在音乐会上进 行了精彩的表演。根据句意和句中“recently”可知，句子应用现在完成时， 句中涉及“not only…but also…”句 型，应用就近原则，即谓语动词与靠近的主语保持一致， “the Chinese singer and dancer”意为“ 中国的歌手兼
舞蹈家” ，为可数名词单数形式，故应用“has”，空格处应填“has given”。故选 A 项。
42 ．Over the past centuries, an amazing picture of Yangshao Culture across China, mainly along the
Yellow River.
A ．emerged B ．had emerged C ．was emerged D ．has emerged
【答案】D
【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的几个世纪里， 一幅令人惊叹的仰韶文化图景在中国各地出现，主要是 在黄河沿岸。根据句中的时间状语 over the past centuries 可知，该句子应该用现在完成时；主语 an amazing
picture of Yangshao Culture 和谓语动词 emerge 之间是主动关系，所以应该用主动语态。故选 D 项。
43 ．92000 hectares of farmland in the country have been planted with food crops .
A ．up to now B ．ten years ago C ．now and then D ．by the end of next year
【答案】A
【详解】考查时间状语。句意：到目前为止，全国种植粮食作物的耕地面积已达 9.2 万公顷。 A. up to now 到目前为止，用现在完成时；B. ten years ago 十年前，用一般过去时；C. now and then 有时，用一般现在时； D. by the end of next year 到明年年底前， 用将来完成时。根据句中时态 have been planted 可知， 此处应用 up
to now 来表示“到目前为止” ，故选 A。
44 ．I first read the fashion magazine over a decade ago and to it since.
A ．subscribed
B ．had subscribed
C ．have subscribed
D ．was subscribing
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我第一次读这本时尚杂志是在十多年前，从那以后我就订阅了它。根据
“since”可知，使用现在完成时。故选 C。
45 ．In the past decades, some number plates extremely valuable, particularly those that spell out words.
A ．had become B ．have become C ．has become D ．Became
【答案】B
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：过去的几十年里， 一些车牌变得极其宝贵，特别是那些能拼出单词 的车牌。 In the past decades 为时间状语， 一般与现在完成时连用，主语 some number plates 是复数概念，谓
语动词也用复数形式。故选 B。
46 ．Alice is the only one of the students who a winner of scholarship for three years.
A ．is B ．are C ．have been D ．has been
【答案】D
【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：Alice 是这些学生中唯一一个连续三年获得奖学金的人。此处 the only one of the students 中的先行词是 the only one，所以定语从句中的谓语动词要用单数形式。而且句中因为有
状语 for three years，要用现在完成时。故选 D 项。
47 ．On a website called N6 Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics — many of the climate scientists
to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
A ．have been promised B ．is promised C ．promised D ．have promised
【答案】D
【详解】考查时态。句意：例如，在一个名为 N6 Fly Climate Sci 的网站上，大约 200 名学者——其中许多 气候科学家已经承诺， 自两年前开始这项行动以来， 将尽可能少坐飞机。根据时间状语 since the effort started
two years ago 可知，主句应使用现在完成时，故选 D。
48 ．So far, the coach as well as all the players their confidence.
A ．has lost B ．have lost C ．lost D ．is losing
【答案】A
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，教练和所有的球员都失去了信心。由“So far”可知，句 子时态用现在完成时， “as well as”连接并列的两个主语时，谓语动词的数与前面的主语保持一致，即根据
coach 来定， coach 是单数，因此空格处是 has lost。故选 A。
49 ．—Are you waiting for a bus from the office of the City Government
—Yes. I arrived here at the bus stop ten minutes ago, but the bus .
A ．hadn’t come B ．won’t come C ．didn’t come D ．hasn’t come
【答案】D
【详解】考查时态。句意：——你在等市政府办公室的公共汽车吗 ——是的。我十分钟前就到了公共汽车 站，但是公共汽车还没来。根据句意可知，第二个人说话时，公共汽车还没来到，所以空格处应该用现在
完成时表示“过去的某一动作一直持续到现在，并且还有可能继续持续下去” 。故选 D 项。
50 ．With China’s traditional tea-making added to UNESCO cultural heritage list, 43 items the intangible
cultural heritage list in the past few decades.
A ．entered B ．have entered C ．enter D ．are entering
【答案】B
【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：随着中国传统制茶被列入联合国教科文组织文化遗产名录，在过去的几 十年里，有 43 个项目进入了非物质文化遗产名录。 A. entered 是过去式或过去分词； B. have entered 是现在 完成时；C. enter 是动词原形；D. are entering 是现在进行时。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语动词，时间
状语是“in the past few decades”，故用现在完成时。故选 B 项。
三 、 语法填空
Passage 1
阅读下面材料,在题后空白处填入适当的内容（每空一词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
In many films, whenever Earth faces a disaster, the 51 （solve ） is always fleeing the planet 52 spaceship. But now the Chinese sci-fi movie, The Wandering Earth 53 （offer ） a different and 54 （encourage） idea. In the film, Earth is being destroyed by the dying sun. In response, humans around the world work together 55 (build) a giant engine system, 56 will push Earth away from the sun. This"ambition" didn't come from nowhere. Up to now “homeland” 57 (have) a soft spot in the hearts and minds of Chinese people.
This special cultural background 58 (probable) makes The Wandering Earth different from other films.
The film was released on Feb 5, the first day of Chinese New Year. It was 59 time when many people had just made the hard journey back to 60 (they) hometowns. So there is only one possible way to tell the story：
Earth goes wherever humans go,because it's our home.
【答案】51．solution 52．by 53．offers/is offering 54．encouraging 55．to build 56．which
57 ．has had 58 ．probably 59 ．a 60 ．Their
【分析】这篇文章是说明文。主要介绍了电影流浪地球的相关内容。
51 ．考查名词。根据前文的定冠词，可知此处应为名词，所以填 solve 的名词形式 solution。故填 solution。
52 ．考查介词。句意:地球有灾难的时候通过宇宙飞船逃离这个星球。 by 通过... 的方式，故填 by。
53．考查动词时态和主谓一致。主语是 the wandering earth，单数， 后面动词应该是第三人称单数， 所以是 is
offering 或者是 offers。故填 offers/is offering。
54 ．考查动名词做定语。句意:流浪地球这部电影提供了一个与众不同并且鼓舞人心的想法。idea 缺少修饰
词，所以用 encouraging 作定语修饰。故填 encouraging。
55 ．考查不定式的用法。前文已经有 work 作为谓语，此处用不定式作目的状语。故填 to build。
56 ．考查非限定性定语从句。句意:全世界的人一起工作来建造一个可以把地球发射出太阳系的巨型机械系
统。先行词是 system，为物，非限制性定语从句只能用 which 在从句中做主语。故填 which。
57 ．考查现在完成时。句意:时至今日， 家园这个词已经成为中国人心里最柔软的地方。时间状语 up to now
直到今日，这是典型的现在完成时时间状语。故填 has had。
58 ．考查副词。句意:这个特殊的文化背景或许使得流浪地球与其他电影不同。probably 副词修饰后面的动
词 makes。故填 probably。
59 ．考查冠词的用法以及固定句型。句意:这是许多人经过辛苦的漂泊回到自己家乡的时代。it is a time
when...为固定句式，意为“ ... 的时代”应该是用不定冠词 a 。故填 a。
60 ．考查形容词性物主代词。hometown 前面缺定语，所以应该用形容词性物主代词 their 来做定语。故填
their。
Passage 2
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Like other big cities, Paris has also a traffic problem: lots of cars, traffic jams and traffic pollution. So since
2007, the city 61 (start) a plan to improve the situation.
Under a project, people can take a bicycle, use it as long as they want, and then leave it at the same or another bicycle station. The first half-hour is free, 62 if you don’t return it after 30 minutes, you have to pay. It’s only $1 or $29 a year. The bicycles are as heavy as 25 kilograms, and they’re all grey and have baskets. There’re a
large number of 63 (they) in the city, and the bicycle stations are more than the subway stations!
Paris isn’t the first city to operate a project like this. One Parisian said, “These bicycles are only suitable for
short 64 (journey). If people want to travel across the city, they won’t use a bicycle — they’ll still use
their cars.”
A city spokesman said, “The bicycle project won’t solve all our traffic problems, but it might work in 65 (reduce) air pollution. Traffic, together with factory fumes, 66 (be) a big problem. Everyone knows about global warming and dramatic climate changes — we know this is partly because rainforests are 67 (gradual) disappearing. And it’s also because there’s so much pollution. There aren’t any simple answers 68 traffic problems and pollution in cities, but the bicycles might help people lead 69 healthier life. Unless we do something now, there’ll be more traffic jams and temperatures will continue to rise, so the problems in our
environment will get even 70 (bad).”
【答案】61 ．has started 62 ．but 或 yet 63 ．them 64 ．journeys 65 ．reducing 66 ．is
67 ．gradually 68 ．to 69 ．a 70 ．Worse
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种新的自行车骑行方案，鼓励人们为了环境和自己的身体健康，
多骑自行车。
61.考查动词时态。句意：因此，自 2007 年以来，该市开始了一项改善现状的计划。根据上文 since 2007 可
知应用现在完成时表达现阶段已经完成的动作， since 和现在完成时态连用。故填 has started。
62 ．考查并列连词。句意：第一个半小时是免费的，但如果 30 分钟后不归还，就得付费。根据语境可知上
下文为转折关系，故填 but 或 yet。
63 ．考查人称代词。句意：在城市里有很多这样的人，而且自行车站比地铁站还多！of 为介词后跟人称代
词宾格形式做宾语，故填 them。
64 ．考查名词的数。句意：这些自行车只适合短途旅行。journey 为可数名词，前面没有冠词修饰，故填复
数形式journeys。
65 ．考查非谓语动词。句意： 自行车项目不会解决我们所有的交通问题，但它可能在减少空气污染方面发
挥作用。介词 in 的宾语用动名词，故填 reducing。
66 ．考查主谓一致。句意：交通和工厂的烟雾是一个大问题。当句子中 together with ，along with ，with， as well ， except 等介词短语存在时， 谓语动词单复数要和第一个主语的单复数保持一致，本句主语为Traffic。
故谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填 is。
67 ．考查副词。句意：每个人都知道全球变暖和剧烈的气候变化——我们知道这部分是因为雨林正在逐渐
消失。修饰动词 disappear 应用副词，故填 gradually。
68 ．考查介词。句意：对于城市中的交通问题和污染，没有任何简单的答案。短语 answers to problems“问题
的答案” ，故填 to。
69 ．考查冠词。句意： 自行车可以帮助人们过上更健康的生活。life 为可数名词，此处表示泛指“ 一个生
活” ，故填 a。
70 ．考查形容词比较级。句意：除非我们现在采取行动，否则将会有更多的交通堵塞，气温将继续上升， 所以我们的环境问题将会变得更糟。根据句意以及上文 even 可知应填形容词比较级 worse ，表示“更糟；更
坏”。
