江苏省百校大联考高一年级12月份阶段检测
英语试卷
注意事项:
1. 答题前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑, 如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上, 写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力 (共两节, 满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where is the man now
A. In the kitchen. B. In the living room. C. In the garden.
2. How was Fred feeling in the morning
A. Surprised. B. Sad. C. Excited.
3. What does the woman do
A. She is a writer. B. She is a nurse. C. She is a reporter.
4. How much money will the man get back
A. $5. B. $10. C. $15.
5. What is the man doing
A. Asking about flight prices. B. Leaving a hotel. C. Booking a trip.
第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. What color is Frodo’s tail
A. Orange. B. Black. C. White.
7. What does the man ask the woman for
A. Her name. B. Her address. C. Her phone number.
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. How often does the man work out in the gym
A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week
9. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a gym. B. At a hospital. C. On a football field.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Friends. B. Hostess and guest. C. Teacher and student.
11. When did Tim first write
A. When he was little. B. When he went to university. C. When he started teaching English
12. How does Tim get ideas for his books
A. From travel. B. From everyday life. C. From movies.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
13. What did Karl learn during his trip in Brazil
A. How to hunt for food. B. How to take care of animals. C. How to speak the local language.
14 What made Karl scared during his trip
A. Sleeping alone. B. Touching animals. C. The heavy rain at night.
15. What did Karl think of the local people
A. They were shy. B. They were friendly. C. They were humorous.
16. What will the woman probably do next
A. Look at some pictures. B. Go to a print shop. C. Have some food.
听第10段材料, 回答第17 至20题。
17. What is the talk mainly about
A. How to get high grades. B. How to write a good speech. C. How to improve self-confidence.
18. Who helped the speaker practice speaking
A. His classmate. B. A drama actor. C. His teacher.
19. Which industry does the speaker work in now
A. Sales. B. Education. C. Drama.
20. What does the speaker suggest doing at the end of the talk
A. Facing mistakes bravely. B. Taking part in the school play. C. Talking with the head teacher.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Published while the climate crisis has given us a clear picture of tourism’s harms, the books below describe the necessity and opportunity for replanning travel as better managed and even more beneficial to local people — which, together, create a good definition for green travel.
“The Last Resort: The history of Heaven, Profit, and Danger at the Beach,” by Sarah Stodola. In this exciting travel book, Stodola studies the history and beauty of beach traveling culture, as well as its effects on the environment and local communities. “This major global industry that has brought about economic and social inequalities and contributed to the climate crisis while suffering from danger of disappearing.” said Stodola.
“Sustainable Travel: The Essential Guide to Positive-Effect Adventures.” by Holly Tuppen. After journeying around the world without flying, Tuppen became a travel expert who views sustainability (可持续性) as necessary to protect our planet and communities. In this book, she presents a general description of sustainable travel and its relationship to the climate and wildlife risk.
“Horizon,” by Barry Lopez. Through six regions, including the Oregon Coast and the Antarctic, Lopez uses his unique style and traveling experience in more than 70 countries to create a book filled with wonders and concern. “Our question is no longer how to use the natural world for human comfort and gain, but how we can cooperate with one another to ensure we will someday fit in with it more respectfully,” he writes.
“Beyond Guilt Trips: Mindful Travel in an Unequal World,” by Anu Taranath. In this award-winning book, Taranath offers tips for reconciling (使和谐一致) our expectations with the cultural differences we meet while traveling. Although the book isn’t a green travel guide in itself, it does provide necessary social responsibilities that can increase our sustainability efforts to plan our journeys with greater respect.
1. Which book describes a kind of traveling suffering from danger itself
A. The Last Resort: The history of Heaven, Profit, and Danger at the Beach.
B. Sustainable Travel: The Essential Guide to Positive-Effect Adventures.
C. Horizon.
D. Beyond Guilt Trips: Mindful Travel in an Unequal World.
2. What is special about the book Beyond Guilt Trip
A. It advises us to show more respect for nature. B. Its excellence made it an award-winning book.
C. Its author has different traveling experiences. D. It describes environmental risks traveling has caused.
3. Who is this article intended for
A. People who like reading books about traveling. B. People who show concern for nature.
C. People who like traveling and respect nature. D. People who care about global development.
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于绿色旅游的四本书。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中““This major global industry that has brought about economic and social inequalities and contributed to the climate crisis while suffering from danger of disappearing.” said Stodola.(“这个主要的全球性产业带来了经济和社会的不平等，加剧了气候危机，同时面临消失的危险。”斯托多拉说)”和第二段黑体字书名“The Last Resort: The history of Heaven, Profit, and Danger at the Beach(《最后的度假村：天堂的历史，利润，和危险的海滩》)”可知，The Last Resort: The history of Heaven, Profit, and Danger at the Beach这本书描述了旅行会带来危险。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的黑体字书名“Beyond Guilt Trips: Mindful Travel in an Unequal World(《超越内疚之旅:在不平等的世界中用心旅行》)”以及“Although the book isn’t a green travel guide in itself, it does provide necessary social responsibilities that can increase our sustainability efforts to plan our journeys with greater respect.(虽然这本书本身不是一本绿色旅游指南，但它确实提供了必要的社会责任，可以增加我们的可持续性努力，以更尊重的方式规划我们的旅程)”可知，Beyond Guilt Trip这本书的特别之处在于，它建议我们更加尊重自然。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Published while the climate crisis has given us a clear picture of tourism’s harms, the books below describe the necessity and opportunity for replanning travel as better managed and even more beneficial to local people — which, together, create a good definition for green travel.(尽管气候危机让我们对旅游业的危害有了清晰的认识，但下面的书描述了重新规划旅游业的必要性和机遇，认为它们管理得更好，对当地人更有益——这些因素加在一起，为绿色旅游下了一个很好的定义)”可知，文章主要介绍了关于绿色旅游的四本书。由此推知，文章是写给那些喜欢旅游和尊重自然的人。故选C。
B
When Ariel Rojas rode her bike to Bay Wildlife Reserve in Queens, New York, last November, she planned to go hiking and bird-watching. A mile into her walk, she suddenly spotted a beautiful swan struggling near the water’s edge. Ariel, 30, who had worked at the Wild Bird Recovery Center in Manhattan knew that swans were likely to view her as a predator and attack her but as she approached this one, it didn’t move.
She was certain that the bird needed medical attention, so she covered her jacket over the bird’s head to keep it calm, gently picked it up but then a thought struck her: What should I do next The nearest Wild Bird Recovery Center was across the East River and clear on the other side of town. How was she going to carry a 17-pound swan on her bike all that way Luckily, some strangers driving by offered her, her bike, and the swan a lift to a nearby subway station. On the subway, no one seemed to be particularly bothered by the feathered passenger. “One guy,” said Ariel, “was sitting right in front of me on his phone. I don’t know if he even noticed there was a swan in front of him.”
Rojas called the center on the way, and Tristan Higgin, an animal-care manager, picked her up at the subway station and drove bird, bike, and Rojas to the facility. There, staff members determined that the swan might have heavy metal poisoning, caused by taking in weights used on fishing lines. The staff got the swan back up on her feet, She even made friends at the center—another injured swan. Sadly, even with all that loving care, the swan didn’t pick up. Two months after Rojas came to her aid, she passed away. It’s a disappointing ending, but the real story is just how far some people are willing to go to save a swan in the big city. In all, Rojas traveled two hours by foot, car, and subway while dragging her bike.
4. What does the underlined word “predator” in paragraph 1 mean
A. A potential volunteer, B. A likely audience. C. A potential killer. D. A likely helper.
5. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true
A. It was easy for Ariel to carry the little swan. B. The swan ran into her way and was hit.
C. Rojas sent the swan to the center all by herself. D. The swan was kindly and lovingly treated.
6. Which of the following can best describe Rojas
A. Kind-hearted and imaginative. B. Caring and helpful.
C. Strong-minded and energetic. D. Positive and creative. i
7. What may be the best title of the passage
A. A Poor Swan Saved by Love. B. A Volunteer Loving and Saving Birds.
C. Loving Honks to Save Swans. D. A Poor Swan Surrounded with Love.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Ariel Rojas营救一只受伤天鹅的故事，虽然经过爱心营救，天鹅不久还是死去，警示人们“为了保护天鹅鸟类，要按响汽车喇叭（不要撞伤它们）”。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“and attack her (并攻击她)”以及“but as she approached this one, it didn’t move (但当她靠近这只天鹅时，它没有动)”说明正常情况下天鹅会把她当成可能的敌人而攻击她，从而推知“Ariel, 30, who had worked at the Wild Bird Recovery Center in Manhattan knew that swans were likely to view her as a predator (30岁的Ariel曾在曼哈顿的野生鸟类恢复中心工作，她知道天鹅很可能会把她视为predator)”句中划线单词意思是“可能的敌人”，C项“潜在的杀手”与之最为接近。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“How was she going to carry a 17-pound swan on her bike all that way Luckily, some strangers driving by offered her, her bike, and the swan a lift to a nearby subway station. (她怎么能背着一只17磅重的天鹅一路骑自行车呢？幸运的是，一些开车经过的陌生人让她、她的自行车和天鹅搭便车去附近的地铁站。)”等内容可知，天鹅很重，不容易搬运，并且，一路上不是她完全自己把天鹅送去中心的，故排除AC项；根据第一段中“A mile into her walk, she suddenly spotted a beautiful swan struggling near the water’s edge. (走了一英里后，她突然发现一只美丽的天鹅在水边挣扎。)”可知，天鹅不是在路上被她遇到的，排除B项；根据最后一段中“Sadly, even with all that loving care, the swan didn’t pick up. (可悲的是，即使有了这么多的关爱，天鹅也没有恢复正常。)”等内容可知，这只天鹅受到了热情体贴的关怀。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It’s a disappointing ending, but the real story is just how far some people are willing to go to save a swan in the big city. In all, Rojas traveled two hours by foot, car, and subway while dragging her bike. (这是一个令人失望的结局，但真实的故事是，在这个大城市里，某些人为了拯救天鹅，愿意奔走多远。总共，罗哈斯拖着她的自行车，步行、开车、乘地铁走了两个小时。)”可知，Rojas为了救助天鹅，不辞劳苦，从而推知，她是个有爱心乐意施助的人。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段的“Luckily, some strangers driving by offered her, her bike, and the swan a lift to a nearby subway station.(幸运的是，一些开车经过的陌生人让她、她的自行车和天鹅搭便车去附近的地铁站。)”和最后一段“ It’s a disappointing ending, but the real story is just how far some people are willing to go to save a swan in the big city. In all, Rojas traveled two hours by foot, car, and subway while dragging her bike.(这是一个令人失望的结局，但真正的故事是，在这个大城市里，一些人愿意在多大程度上拯救一只天鹅。总的来说 科多瓦·罗哈斯步行、乘车和地铁，历经两个小时，还拖着她的自行车。)可知，文章讲述了Ariel Rojas在散步时发现了一只需要救助的天鹅。最终在陌生的司机等人不断帮助下，她成功将天鹅送到了康复中心。这个故事展示了人们为拯救野生动物所付出 的努力。C项“挽救天鹅的爱的鸣笛”为最佳标题，充分体现了在Ariel Rojas救助天鹅途中各个陌生司机给予的帮助和Ariel Rojas的爱心。故选C项。
C
Like human armies, army ants smoothed out anything in their path. They make a habit of finding foods, often much larger than themselves, breaking them into pieces and dragging the pieces back to their camps. But they do not eat them out, with their army bases full of rubbish. But little is known about which kind of animals feed on army ant leavings. Christoph von Beeren at the Technical University of Darmstadt and Daniel Kronauer at the Rockefeller University in New York went to the rainforests of Costa Rica to find out. They found a whole ecosystem (生态系统) depends on the left foods to survive.
Watching little insects (昆虫) in a rainforest is much tougher—one reason why these cleaners had not been examined before. But the researchers hoped modern DNA analysis techniques might make the job easier. Working with a team of coworkers, they followed ants back to their camps, finding 34 places in total.
The researchers collected all the insects at each place and brought them back to laboratory. In total they collected 8, 364 adult beetles (甲壳虫), 511 beetle baby and 24beetle eggs. Those were spread across 91 species, several of which were new to science. Far beyond what anyone had expected, these figures suggest that the left foods are not fast-food restaurants but homes, where the beetles live from birth to death.
How these species manage to avoid being eaten by their army-ant hosts is still a mystery. Dr von Beeren guessed that it partly depends on the fact that ants need them to keep their camps clean or partly depends on the fact that many species of beetles are able to produce chemicals that smell bad to ants.
The research only has shown a little of what is going on in the rubbish. Besides beetles, there were other kinds of insects that the team simply did not have time to study and they were of equal importance to their study according to Dr Daniel Kronauer.
8. Why did the researchers go to the rainforest
A. They wanted to study ants. B. They wanted to prove their arguments.
C. They wanted to solve the mystery. D. They wanted to enjoy nature.
9. What can we learn from the passage
A. All the beetles found were already known. B. Modern techniques did make the job easier.
C. It was easy for people to study insects in forest. D. Not just beetles fed on the left foods to survive.
10. What might the researchers do next
A. To study other insects feeding on ants’ left food.
B. To find more about the life of ants in the rainforests.
C. To make further study on beetles feeding on ants’ left food.
D. To find more about the ecosystem in the rainforests.
11. Where does this passage probably come from
A. A geographic magazine. B. A fashion column. C. A science fiction. D. A scientific journal.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲科学家研究哪种动物以行军蚁的残余食物为食并得到新的发现。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“But little is known about which kind of animals feed on army ant leavings. Christoph von Beeren at the Technical University of Darmstadt and Daniel Kronauer at the Rockefeller University in New York went to the rainforests of Costa Rica to find out. They found a whole ecosystem (生态系统) depends on the left foods to survive. (但是，人们对哪种动物以蚂蚁的剩余食物为食知之甚少。达姆施塔特技术大学的Christoph von Beeren和纽约洛克菲勒大学的Daniel Kronauer前往哥斯达黎加的热带雨林寻找答案。他们发现，整个生态系统都依赖剩下的食物生存。)”可知，研究者去雨林是为了解决秘密——哪种动物以蚂蚁的剩余食物为食。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。由文章最后一段“Besides beetles, there were other kinds of insects that the team simply did not have time to study and they were of equal importance to their study according to Dr Daniel Kronauer. (Daniel Kronauer博士表示，除了甲虫，还有其他种类的昆虫，该团队根本没有时间研究，它们对他们的研究同样重要。)”可知，除了甲虫，还有其它昆虫以行军蚁的残留食物为食。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。细节理解题。由文章最后一段“Besides beetles, there were other kinds of insects that the team simply did not have time to study and they were of equal importance to their study according to Dr Daniel Kronauer. (Daniel Kronauer博士表示，除了甲虫，还有其它种类的昆虫，该团队根本没有时间研究，它们对他们的研究同样重要。)”可知，研究者接下来应该会研究其它以蚂蚁残留食物为食的昆虫。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“But little is known about which kind of animals feed on army ant leavings. Christoph von Beeren at the Technical University of Darmstadt and Daniel Kronauer at the Rockefeller University in New York went to the rainforests of Costa Rica to find out. They found a whole ecosystem (生态系统) depends on the left foods to survive. (但是，人们对哪种动物以蚂蚁的剩余食物为食知之甚少。达姆施塔特技术大学的Christoph von Beeren和纽约洛克菲勒大学的Daniel Kronauer前往哥斯达黎加的热带雨林寻找答案。他们发现，整个生态系统都依赖剩下的食物生存。)”以及后文可知，文章主要讲科学家研究哪种动物以行军蚁的残余食物为食并得到新的发现。所以这篇文章可能来自于一本科学期刊。故选D项。
D
“These dogs are my companions,” says Darren Egan, a 12-year-old dog trainer, as he is sitting on Indie, his 44-kilo American Bully (斗牛犬). “I trust them.” Darren and his dad, Michael, have driven 17 hours from Ireland to compete in Champs Camp, a dog show run this month by the UK Bully Kennel Club. They’ve even brought together lovers of the Bully, a kind of dog known for its strength and strong will to attack.
Bullies came into America roughly a decade ago. Yet, recently there has been growing concern about whether some bullies are by nature easier to attack people, no matter who the owner is. Bully xls, the largest type, have killed eight people since 2021, including two this year. What is especially alarming is that both people who were killed this year were experienced in dealing with dogs. BullyWatch, an organization responsible for controlling their birth, claims bullies carried out 45% of all dog attacks this year. In one week in July, bullies killed seven other dogs, Bully owners and others, including the Dog Control Association want officials to target individual dogs that act dangerously.
Those who attend Champs Camp say the bullies are misunderstood. Owners show off their dogs’ gentle nature. “I’d put my baby’s hand in his mouth.” says one man. Another tells how his pet is used as a treatment in an old people’s home. The real problem, they say, is owners who cannot control their animals.
Their birth controlling is another issue, BullyWatch reports that 97% of bullies are born illegally. The Daily Mirror is applying for a ban (禁令) on raising them, In July, a minister said a ban was an option Pressure for one grows with news of every horrible attack. However, at Champs Camp, there was little concern that change would come soon. People who support a ban are welcomed by a number of owners shouting “beat you.” Sometimes, owners are more frightening than their dogs.
12. What can people do in Champs Camp
A. Watch exciting fights among dogs. B. Show good qualities of their dogs.
C. Call on people to control dogs’ birth. D. Enjoy dogs’ company as a treatment.
13. Why are people worried
A. There are too many bullies around them, B. Chances are that bullies can attack people.
C. Bullies are too gentle for owners to raise, D. The owners are too crazy about their pets,
14. What is the author’s attitude towards the ban on raising bullies
A. Unclear. B. Negative. C. Positive. D. Unconcerned.
15. What can be inferred according to the last paragraph
A. Owners of bullies are more frightening than their dogs.
B. The ban on raising bullies is certain to take effect.
C. Owners of bullies are strongly against the ban.
D. Individual dogs that act dangerously will be targeted.
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了斗牛犬在美国攻击人的现象引起了人们的担心，以及斗牛犬主人对禁止饲养斗牛犬这一禁令的态度。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Darren and his dad, Michael, have driven 17 hours from Ireland to compete in Champs Camp, a dog show run this month by the UK Bully Kennel Club.”（达伦和他的爸爸迈克尔从爱尔兰开了17个小时的车，来参加本月由英国斗牛犬俱乐部举办的Champs Camp狗展。）以及第三段中“Those who attend Champs Camp say the bullies are misunderstood. Owners show off their dogs’ gentle nature.”（参加Champs Camp的人说，斗牛犬被误解了。主人们炫耀他们的狗狗温顺的天性。）可知，人们在Champs Camp可以展示他们狗的良好品质。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Yet, recently there has been growing concern about whether some bullies are by nature easier to attack people, no matter who the owner is. Bully xls, the largest type, have killed eight people since 2021, including two this year. What is especially alarming is that both people who were killed this year were experienced in dealing with dogs.”（然而，最近人们越来越关注一些斗牛犬是否天生就更容易攻击人，不管主人是谁。自2021年以来，最大类型的斗牛犬已经造成8人死亡，其中包括今年的两人。尤其令人担忧的是，今年被杀的两个人都有与狗打交道的经验。）可知，人们担心的原因是斗牛犬可能会攻击人。故选B项。
14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The Daily Mirror is applying for a ban (禁令) on raising them, In July, a minister said a ban was an option Pressure for one grows with news of every horrible attack.”（《每日镜报》正在申请禁止养斗牛犬。7月，一位部长表示，禁令是一种选择，随着每一起恐怖袭击的新闻，人们的压力越来越大。）可知，对于禁止饲养斗牛犬的态度，在文章中并未明确表述作者本人的立场，文章描述了支持禁令的《每日镜报》的举措，和一位部长的评论，但并没有直接表达作者本人对禁止饲养斗牛犬立场。作者保持了一定的距离和中立性，报道了不同群体的看法而没有表现出自己的偏好。由此可推知，作者对禁止养斗牛犬的态度是不明确的，不清楚的。故选A项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“However, at Champs Camp, there was little concern that change would come soon. People who support a ban are welcomed by a number of owners shouting “beat you.” Sometimes, owners are more frightening than their dogs.”（然而，在Champ Camp，几乎没有人担心变化会很快到来。那些支持禁止饲养斗牛犬的人被许多主人用“揍你”的呼喊声欢迎。有时候，主人比他们的狗更可怕。）可推知，斗牛犬的主人强烈反对这一禁令。故选C项。
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Parental investment (投资) has increased
Are teenagers less likely to participate in activities connected with adulthood because they’re busier with homework and after-school activities ____16____
Research found that time spent on homework and after-school activities has decreased among 10th graders. On the other hand, Internet usage has increased. ____17____ In fact, today’s teens are thought of as “screenagers”. Greater parental investment leads to teens growing up more slowly because parents take care of children and teens more carefully and organize their activities.
The study researchers also found a connection between a slower developmental path and smaller family size, higher parental age at first birth, and higher income. ____18____ This may allow them to follow a slower developmental path.
There are also economic factors. With changes in the economy, more people go to college and are dependent on their parents for longer. ____19____ 18-to 29-year-olds spend more time getting educated, marrying and having children later.
____20____ On the upside, teens are less likely to join in risky behaviors. They are more likely to wait until they’re ready to participate in adult activities. On the downside, today’s students may be smart enough, but they often have trouble with basics like time management, making their own decisions and leading independent lives.
A. The answer is definitely “Yes”.
B. This might account for some of the changes.
C. In terms of advantages, teens tend to take risks.
D. It might be opposite to what most people think.
E. That also leads to more careful nurturing with the idea that education will last longer.
F. There are benefits and drawbacks of the decrease in adult activities among teenagers.
G. With fewer children and more money, parents can invest more time and resources in their kids.
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. G 19. E 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要分析青少年更少参加成年人活动的原因。
【16题详解】
由上文“Are teenagers less likely to participate in activities connected with adulthood because they’re busier with homework and after-school activities (青少年是否不太可能参与与成年有关的活动，因为他们更忙于家庭作业和课外活动？)”可知，这里主要讨论青少年是否不太可能参与与成年有关的活动，而D项It might be opposite to what most people think.(这可能与大多数人的想法相反。)符合语境，与后文“Research found that time spent on homework and after-school activities has decreased among 10th graders(研究发现，十年级学生花在家庭作业和课后活动上的时间减少了)”对应。故选D项。
【17题详解】
由上文“Research found that time spent on homework and after-school activities has decreased among 10th graders. On the other hand, Internet usage has increased.(研究发现，十年级学生花在家庭作业和课外活动上的时间减少了。另一方面，互联网的使用有所增加。)”可知，青少年对互联网的使用时间增加了。而B项This might account for some of the changes.(这可能是一些变化的原因。)符合语境，其中This代指上面Internet usage has increased，有启上作用。故选B项。
【18题详解】
由上文“The study researchers also found a connection between a slower developmental path and smaller family size, higher parental age at first birth, and higher income.(研究人员还发现，发展路径较慢与家庭规模较小、初生时父母年龄较高和收入较高之间存在联系。)”可知，青少年的发展和庭规模较小、初生时父母年龄较高和收入较高之间存在联系，而G项With fewer children and more money, parents can invest more time and resources in their kids.(孩子少了，钱多了，父母可以为孩子投入更多的时间和资源。)符合语境，其中fewer children and more money与上文smaller family size and higher income对应，有承上作用。故选G项。
【19题详解】
由下文“18-to 29-year-olds spend more time getting educated, marrying and having children later.(18至29岁的年轻人花更多的时间接受教育，结婚生子更晚些。)”可知，青年人愿意花更多时间来接受教育，而E项That also leads to more careful nurturing with the idea that education will last longer.(这也导致人们更加谨慎地培养教育将持续更长时间的观念。)符合语境，其中education will last longer与下文18-to 29-year-olds spend more time getting educated对应，有启下作用。故选E项。
【20题详解】
由下文“On the upside, teens are less likely to join in risky behaviors. They are more likely to wait until they’re ready to participate in adult activities. On the downside, today’s students may be smart enough, but they often have trouble with basics like time management, making their own decisions and leading independent lives.(从好的方面来说，青少年不太可能参与危险行为。他们更有可能等到准备好参加成人活动。不利的一面是，今天的学生可能足够聪明，但他们经常在时间管理、自己做决定和过独立生活等基础方面遇到困难。)”可知，这里主要讲青少年更少参加成年人活动的利与弊。而F项There are benefits and drawbacks of the decrease in adult activities among teenagers.(青少年中成人活动的减少有好处也有缺点。)符合语境，对下文有总括作用。故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用 (共五节, 满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For the first year of our relationship, I didn’t know his name and didn’t welcome his interruptions (打扰), I felt ____21____ by the unexpected knock on my window, which was necessary to get my attention because my apartment had no doorbell.
____22____ my annoyance, I secretly named him Kris, because he was a kind of modern-day Santa Claus. He brought me presents and tried to ____23____ cheer—except his uniform was UPS brown, not Santa Claus red, and I had ordered and paid for the presents myself.
Our relationship started when I moved into another apartment. When I was home, the UPS man would knock until I ____24____ came to collect my package. I hated small talk, but with him I made an ____25____, chatting about the weather or other topics. My close friend thought it ____26____ to spend so much time with the UPS man and warned me to ____27____ future knocks, But Kris reminded me of my father, so I continued to ____28____ the door.
COVID-19 changed everything. Trapped in my apartment, I did ____29____ his visits, He brought what I ordered and would stay for some time chatting with me. He would tell me about his favorite routes and neighbors. I even learned his real name: Dave.
One day in hot July Dave knocked with a package, and when I answered, he told me that UPS was changing his ____30____. My heart sank.
“I’m excited for a change,” he said, “but I’ll always ____31____ my regulars.”
“Congratulations.” I felt ____32____ what else to say.
He ____33____ the silence, “I used to ____34____ what I was doing with my life. My job, this job, just felt so—small.”
“What changed ”
“Nothing, ____35____ my attitude,” he said. “I realized I was delivering people things they needed, things that brought them joy.”
I couldn’t see his smile through his mask, but I could sense it.
21. A. satisfied B. troubled C. excited D. awkward
22. A. With B. For C. Despite D. As
23. A. spread B. suffer C. shape D. stress
24. A. flexibly B. unwillingly C. readily D. quickly
25. A. affect B. effort C. effect D. affection
26. A. tough B. normal C. amazing D. risky
27. A. ignore B. seek C. gather D. escape
28. A. shut B. open C. close D. answer
29. A. pay attention to B. hang on to C. look forward to D. give rise to
30. A. address B. name C. route D. path
31. A. think of B. count on C. cheer up D. stick to
32. A. at any cost B. at a loss C. at case D. at any rate
33. A. stopped B. kept C. held D. broke
34. A. understand B. wander C. recognize D. wonder
35. A. far from B. different from C. apart from D. free from
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者和联合包裹(UPS)快递员逐渐成为朋友的故事。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我们交往的第一年，我不知道他的名字，也不欢迎他的打扰，我对窗户被意外敲到感到不安，这是引起我注意的必要条件，因为我的公寓没有门铃。 A. satisfied满足的；B. troubled被困扰的；C. excited激动的；D. awkward令人尴尬的。由上文“didn’t welcome his interruptions”可知，作者对快递员的打扰是感到“困扰的”。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管我很恼火，我还是偷偷地给他起了个名字叫克里斯，因为他有点像现代的圣诞老人。A. With与……一起；B. For对于；C. Despite尽管；D. As作为。由下文“because he was a kind of modern-day Santa Claus”可知，这里表示“尽管”作者有些恼怒，但是还是很期待他的到来，因为他的到来会给自己带来像礼物一样的快递。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他给我带来了礼物，并试图传播欢呼——除了他的制服是UPS棕色的，而不是圣诞老人红色的，而且我自己订购并支付了礼物的费用。A. spread传播；B. suffer遭受；C. shape塑造；D. stress强调。由上文“a kind of modern-day Santa Claus”以及语境可知，作者认为快递员是现在的圣诞老人，他们送出的快递能“传播”快乐。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我回家时，UPS的人会敲门，直到我不情愿地来取包裹。A. flexibly灵活地；B. unwillingly不情愿地；C. readily乐意地；D. quickly迅速地。由上文“For the first year of our relationship, I didn’t know his name and didn’t welcome his interruptions (打扰)”可知，作者是不喜欢被打扰，所以应是“不情愿地”去取快递。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查名词和动词词义辨析。句意：我讨厌闲聊，但我努力去尝试，和他一起聊天气或其它话题。A. affect影响；B. effort努力；C. effect效果；D. affection感情。由上文“I hated small talk”以及but表转折可知，这里指虽然作者讨厌闲聊，但是还是“努力”去尝试适应闲聊。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的密友认为花这么多时间和UPS的人在一起有风险，并警告我不要理会未来的敲门声，但克里斯让我想起了我的父亲，所以我继续开门。A. tough坚韧的；B. normal正常的；C. amazing令人惊叹的；D. risky有风险的。由下文“warned me”可知，作者密友认为和陌生的快递员聊天是“有风险的”。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我我的密友认为花这么多时间和UPS的人在一起有风险，并警告我不要理会未来的敲门声，但克里斯让我想起了我的父亲，所以我继续应门。A. ignore忽略；B. seek查找；C. gather集合；D. escape逃跑。由上文“My close friend thought it 6 to spend so much time with the UPS man ”可知，作者密友认为有风险，所以应该“忽略”快递员的敲门声。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的密友认为花这么多时间和UPS的人在一起有风险，并警告我不要理会未来的敲门声，但克里斯让我想起了我的父亲，所以我继续应门。A. shut关闭；B. open打开；C. close关闭；D. answer回答，回应。由上文“warned me to 7 future knocks”以及but表转折可知，这里指作者还是会“回应”快递员的敲门。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：被困在我的公寓里，我确实很期待他的来访。A. pay attention to注意；B. hang on to坚持住；C. look forward to期待；D. give rise to引起。由上文“Trapped in my apartment”可知，被困在公寓时，作者是“期待”快递员的到来，这样就有人说话，不再孤单。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：炎热的七月里的一天，戴夫拿着一个包裹敲门，当我回答时，他告诉我UPS正在改变他的路线。A. address地址；B. name名称；C. route路线；D. path路径。由上文“He would tell me about his favorite routes and neighbors.”以及语境可知，这里指快递员要改变他的送货“路线”了。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：“我很期待改变，”他说，“但我会永远想起我的常客。”A. think of想起；B. count on依靠；C. cheer up振作起来；D. stick to坚持。由上文“I’m excited for a change”以及but表转折可知，虽然快递员期待改变，但是还是会“想起”他的常客。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查介词词组辨析。句意：“恭喜你。”我不知道还能说什么。A. at any cost不惜任何代价；B. at a loss不知所措；C. at case在案例中；D. at any rate无论如何。由下文“the silence”可知，作者当时“不知所措”，除了说“恭喜”，再也不知说啥了。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他打破了沉默，“我过去常常想知道我的生活在做什么。我的工作，这份工作，只是觉得很渺小。”A. stopped.停止；B. kept 保留；C. held 持有；D. broke打破。由下文“the silence”以及语境可知，当时作者不知道说啥，所以快递员“打破”了沉默。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他打破了沉默，“我过去常常想知道我的生活在做什么。我的工作，这份工作，只是觉得很渺小。”A. understand理解；B. wander徘徊；C. recognize识别；D. wonder想知道。由下文“what I was doing with my life”以及语境可知，这里指快递员“想知道”他在做什么，觉得他的工作微不足道。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查介词词组辨析。句意：“什么也没有改变，只是我的态度变了，”他说。“我意识到我在为人们提供他们需要的东西，给他们带来欢乐的东西。”A. far from远非；B. different from与...不同；C. apart from除了；D. free from使...摆脱。由下文“my attitude”以及语境可知，这里指“除了”改变自己的态度，什么都没有改变。故选C项。
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ancient paintings, always in a vivid state for the world to appreciate, interpret and pass on, have been appreciated for over a thousand years. When a scroll (画卷) is opened, the fantastic art is transformed into history and the ____36____ (hide) history wakes up from it.
The Night Revels of Han Xizai is described ____37____ the earliest human “movie”, with the last emperor of Southern Tang as the “producer” and Hang Xizai as the “leading actor”. Future ____38____ (generation) would be able to feel the undeclared battles and suspicions (怀疑) of the ruler and ministers of that era through it.
And then there’s the Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy, ____39____ gives you the opportunity to step into Zhenguan Period and watch the scene of Li Shimin, Emperor Tang Taizong, ____40____ (receive) Lu Dongzan in the palace.
The paintings are used as brushes to record history and ____41____ (pass) down for thousands of years. They are ancient paintings, as well as ____42____ (history) documents that can be read at any time.
People of later generations want to use ____43____ (advance) technology to make history and its stories come alive. Thus, at the 2022 Spring Festival gala, Only This Green, based on the painting A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains, became ____44____ hit. We realize that pictures can not only be vivid on paper, ____45____ can be alive in 3D.
【答案】36. hidden
37. as 38. generations
39. which 40. receiving
41. have been passed
42. historical
43. advanced
44. a 45. but
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍名画《韩熙载夜谭》以及中国古画所蕴含的历史意义和价值。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：当卷轴打开时，奇幻的艺术就转化为历史，隐藏的历史也从中苏醒。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作定语，修饰后面名词 history ，hidden表“隐藏的”，为形容词，符合句意。故填hidden。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：《韩熙载夜谭》被认为是人类最早的“电影”，由南唐末代皇帝担任“制片人”，杭熙载担任“主演”。分析句子可知，这里考查be described as表“被描述为”，为固定搭配。故填as。
【38题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：子孙后代将能够通过它感受到那个时代统治者和大臣们未经宣布的战斗和怀疑。分析句子可知，generation表“一代人”，为可数名词，由句意可知，这里应用复数形式，在本句中主语。故填generations。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：还有唐太宗接见藏使，让你有机会走进贞观年间，观看唐太宗李世民在宫中接见鲁东赞的场面。分析句子可知，这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面句子，在从句中作主语。故填which。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：还有唐太宗接见藏使，让你有机会走进贞观年间，观看唐太宗李世民在宫中接见鲁东赞的场面。分析句子可知，介词of后应用动名词作宾语。 故填receiving。
【41题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：这些画被用作记录历史的画笔，已经流传了数千年。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，The paintings与pass为被动关系，且由for thousands of years可知，这里时态应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been passed。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它们是古代绘画，也是可以随时阅读的历史文献。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作定语，修饰后面名词documents，historical表“历史的”，为形容词，符合语境。故填historical。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：后人希望用先进的技术让历史和故事鲜活起来。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作定语，修饰后面名词technology，advanced表“先进的”，为形容词，符合句意。故填advanced。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：于是，在2022年春晚上，以《千里江山》为原型的《只此青绿》一炮而红。分析句子可知，这里考查become a hit表“成为热门”，为常用搭配。故填a。
45题详解】
考查连词。句意：我们意识到，图片不仅可以在纸上栩栩如生，而且可以在3D中栩栩如生。分析句子可知，这里考查not only...but (also)，表“不仅...而且”，为固定搭配。故填but。
第三节 选词填空 (共5小题; 每小题1分, 满分5分)
选择并使用所给英语单词的正确形式完成句子。有两个单词为多余词。
classic shallow create flexible judge prefer recognize
46. Her natural ________ and artistic talent make her home impressive.
47. ________ from the evidence offered, no one can doubt the fact that fast food not only does harm to people’s health but also break cuisine culture and social relationship.
48. Passengers can check in with their ID cards or through facial ________ in most railway stations across the country.
49. Many people expressed a strong ________ for the original plan.
50. This type of computer is too slow and ________ to meet many business needs.
【答案】46. creativity
47. Judging
48. recognition
49. preference
50. inflexible
【解析】
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：她天生的创造力和艺术天赋使她的家令人印象深刻。根据句意以及空前natural为形容词可知，此处为动词create的名词形式creativity“创造力”，满足句意要求。故填creativity。
【47题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：从提供的证据来看，没有人能怀疑快餐不仅有害人们的健康，而且破坏饮食文化和社会关系。根据句意可知，此处为动词judge“判断”，满足句意要求，结合句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作状语，选择judge，构成固定短语judging from，意为“从……判断”，所以为现在分词形式，放在句首，首字母大写。故填Judging。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：在全国大多数火车站，乘客可以凭身份证或面部识别办理登机手续。根据句意以及空前facial为形容词可知，此处为recognize的名词形式recognition“识别”，满足句意要求。故填recognition。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：许多人对原来的计划表达了强烈的偏好。根据句意以及空前strong为形容词可知，此处为prefer的名词preference“偏好”，满足句意要求。故填preference。
【50题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这种类型的计算机速度太慢，不够灵活，无法满足许多业务需求。根据句意以及and连接的形容词slow可知，此处为形容词flexible的否定形式inflexible“不灵活的”作表语，满足句意要求。故填inflexible。
第四节 (共5小题; 每小题1 分, 满分5分)
课文填空: 在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
51. These things can help you take your mind ________ matters that worry you and make you feel good about yourself. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】off
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这些事情可以帮助你忘掉那些让你担心的事情，让你对自己感觉良好。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“take one’s mind off”，意为“使……不再思考，丢开不再想”，故空格处应用“off”。故填off。
52. ________ your answer is , there’s always a lot more to it than first meets the eye. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】Whatever
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：不管你的答案是什么，总有比第一眼看到的更多的东西。根据句意和句子结构，可知此处表达“无论什么”，在从句作表语，引导让步性状语从句。whatever无论什么，符合题意。故填Whatever。
53. In a society______ being thin is often seen as being beautiful, teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】where
【解析】
【详解】考查限制性定语从句。句意：在一个以瘦为美的社会里，青少年们有时转向极端的方法来快速减肥。此处为限制性定语从句修饰先行词a society，先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，用where引导从句。故填where。
54. Mama reached _________ the table and touched Papa’s arm, writing down another figure. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】across
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：妈妈把手伸过桌子，摸了摸爸爸的胳膊，写下了另一个数字。分析句子可知，这里考查reach across表“伸过”，为固定搭配，符合句意。故填across。
55. The high point of the story comes when Huck is faced with the decision of ________ to hand Jim over to some slave catchers. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whether
【解析】
【详解】考查固定结构。句意：故事的高潮出现在哈克决定是否把吉姆交给抓奴隶的人的时候。分析句子可知，空处和空后的不定式构成“whether+to do”的固定结构，作介词of的宾语，结合the decision可推知，此处表示决定“是否”把吉姆交给抓奴隶的人，表示“是否”应用连接词whether。故填whether。
第五节 (共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分)
短语填空: 根据句意和所给汉语提示, 用适当的英文短语完成句子。
56. In addition to ________________ the higher education system, China will also seek new breakthroughs to pursue a fairer educational system. (重视, 认为有重要性)（根据汉语提示补全句子）
【答案】attaching importance to
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词和动词短语。句意：除了重视高等教育体系，中国还将寻求新的突破，追求更公平的教育体系。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词短语attach importance to“重视，认为有重要性”满足句意要求，结合空前介词to可知，此处为动名词形式作宾语。故填attaching importance to。
57. The definition also fails ________________ the significance of industrial purchases. (给予公正的评价) （根据汉语提示补全句子）
【答案】to do justice to
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：这一定义也未能公正地反映工业采购的重要性。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语fail to do sth“没能做某事”，结合汉语意思提示可知，表示“给予公正的评价”为动词短语do justice to；句中已有fail，所以此处填to do justice to。故填to do justice to。
58. But rather than turning around and heading back, you may just need to________________ for the night and get some rest. (靠边停车) （根据汉语提示补全句子）
【答案】pull over
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：但是，与其转身往回走，你可能只需要靠边停车过夜，休息一下。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“靠边停车”应用pull over，为动词短语，与前面的to构成不定式，在本句中作宾语。故填pull over。
59. It is said that he________________ in the traffic accident the other day. (死里逃生) （根据汉语提示补全句子）
【答案】escaped being killed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：据说他在前几天的交通事故中死里逃生。表示“死里逃生”可用动词短语escape being killed，escape后接动名词作宾语，动词kill和主语之间是被动关系，故用动名词的被动式；根据时间状语the other day可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填 escaped being killed。
60. The task assigned, dangerous or otherwise, must be finished________________. (如期) （根据汉语提示补全句子）
【答案】 as scheduled
【解析】
【详解】考查固定用法。句意：分配的任务，无论是危险的还是其它的，都必须如期完成。根据中文提示可知，表示“如期”应用as scheduled，为固定搭配，在本句中作状语。故填 as scheduled。
61. As the star player on the team, he always felt the pressure to ________________. (不辜负每个人的期望) （根据汉语提示补全句子）
【答案】live up to everyone’s expectations
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：作为球队的明星球员，他总是感到有压力，不能辜负每个人的期望。表示“不辜负”可用动词短语live up to，动词原形和to构成不定式作后置定语，修饰名词pressure；表示“每个人的期望”为everyone’s expectations，作介词to的宾语，根据句意，名词expectation用复数。故填live up to everyone’s expectations。
62. At first they hated each other, but they ________________. (以结婚告终) （根据汉语提示补全句子）
【答案】ended up getting married
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：起初他们互相憎恨，但最后还是结婚了。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词短语end up doing sth“最终做某事”，满足句意要求，表示“结婚”为动词短语get married，此处为动名词形式；结合该句前面动词hated可知，描述过去发生的事，此处应为一般过去时。故填ended up getting married。
63. The product was developed ________ ________ ________ customer need. (根据，回应) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. in ②. response ③. to
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：该产品是根据客户需求开发的。根据句意和汉语提示可知，应用介词短语in response to表示“根据，回应”。故填in response to。
64. People have grown taller over the last century, with South Korean women ________________ by more than 20 cm on average, and Iranian men gaining 16.5 cm. (快速长高) （根据汉语提示补全句子）
【答案】shooting up
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句意：在过去的一个世纪里，人们长高了，韩国女性的平均身高增加了20多厘米，伊朗男性的平均身高增加了16.5厘米。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词短语shoot up“迅速上升，快速长高”，满足句意要求，结合句子结构可知，此处为with的复合结构，其中的动词应为非谓语形式，shoot up和逻辑主语South Korean women为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填shooting up。
65. And ________________, people began to use the word “restaurant” to refer to a place selling soup rather than the soup itself. (随着时间流逝) （根据汉语提示补全句子）
【答案】over time
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：随着时间流逝，人们开始用“餐馆”这个词来指代卖汤的地方，而不是汤本身。根据汉语提示“随着时间流逝”可知，此处为介词短语over time。故填over time。
第四部分 应用文写作 (满分20分)
66. 假定你是某英文报纸的栏目编辑，你收到了高中生Jenny的来信，她认为自己肥胖，正在借助药物减肥。请你给她写一封回信。要点如下：
1. 你对这一做法的看法；
2. 如何健康减肥 (两到三点建议)。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jenny,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Editor
【答案】Dear Jenny,
I hear that you are upset about being overweight recently and turn to weight - loss medicine to slim down quickly.
I think you should stop taking weight - loss medicine in no time because it’s harmful to your health. Losing weight too quickly has many side effects.
To lose weight, you should take an active part in physical exercise, which makes you energetic and fit. In addition, you need pay more attention to your health rather than your weight. It’s important to eat a healthy balanced diet to build you up. If you keep doing these things, you are sure to stay slim and healthy.
Yours,
Editor
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生作为某英文报纸的栏目编辑，你收到了高中生Jenny的来信，她认为自己肥胖，正在借助药物减肥这一情况，给她写一封回信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
心烦意乱的：upset→ distracted
参加：take part in→ participate in
此外：In addition→ What’s more
健康的：healthy→ fit
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Losing weight too quickly has many side effects.
拓展句：Losing weight too quickly has many side effects, which may harm your body.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I think you should stop taking weight - loss medicine in no time because it’s harmful to your health.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句）
【高分句型2】If you keep doing these things, you are sure to stay slim and healthy.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）江苏省百校大联考高一年级12月份阶段检测
英语试卷
注意事项:
1. 答题前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑, 如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上, 写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力 (共两节, 满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where is the man now
A. In the kitchen. B. In the living room. C. In the garden.
2. How was Fred feeling in the morning
A. Surprised. B. Sad. C. Excited.
3. What does the woman do
A. She is a writer. B. She is a nurse. C. She is a reporter.
4. How much money will the man get back
A. $5. B. $10. C. $15.
5. What is the man doing
A. Asking about flight prices. B. Leaving a hotel. C. Booking a trip.
第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. What color is Frodo’s tail
A. Orange. B. Black. C. White.
7. What does the man ask the woman for
A. Her name. B. Her address. C. Her phone number.
听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。
8. How often does the man work out in the gym
A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week
9. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a gym. B. At a hospital. C. On a football field.
听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Friends. B. Hostess and guest. C. Teacher and student.
11 When did Tim first write
A. When he was little. B. When he went to university. C. When he started teaching English
12. How does Tim get ideas for his books
A. From travel. B. From everyday life. C. From movies.
听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。
13. What did Karl learn during his trip in Brazil
A. How to hunt for food. B. How to take care of animals. C. How to speak the local language.
14. What made Karl scared during his trip
A. Sleeping alone. B. Touching animals. C. The heavy rain at night.
15. What did Karl think of the local people
A. They were shy. B. They were friendly. C. They were humorous.
16. What will the woman probably do next
A. Look at some pictures. B. Go to a print shop. C. Have some food.
听第10段材料, 回答第17 至20题。
17. What is the talk mainly about
A. How to get high grades. B. How to write a good speech. C. How to improve self-confidence.
18. Who helped the speaker practice speaking
A. His classmate. B. A drama actor. C. His teacher.
19. Which industry does the speaker work in now
A. Sales. B. Education. C. Drama.
20. What does the speaker suggest doing at the end of the talk
A. Facing mistakes bravely. B. Taking part in the school play. C. Talking with the head teacher.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Published while the climate crisis has given us a clear picture of tourism’s harms, the books below describe the necessity and opportunity for replanning travel as better managed and even more beneficial to local people — which, together, create a good definition for green travel.
“The Last Resort: The history of Heaven, Profit, and Danger at the Beach,” by Sarah Stodola. In this exciting travel book, Stodola studies the history and beauty of beach traveling culture, as well as its effects on the environment and local communities. “This major global industry that has brought about economic and social inequalities and contributed to the climate crisis while suffering from danger of disappearing.” said Stodola.
“Sustainable Travel: The Essential Guide to Positive-Effect Adventures.” by Holly Tuppen. After journeying around the world without flying, Tuppen became a travel expert who views sustainability (可持续性) as necessary to protect our planet and communities. In this book, she presents a general description of sustainable travel and its relationship to the climate and wildlife risk.
“Horizon,” by Barry Lopez. Through six regions, including the Oregon Coast and the Antarctic, Lopez uses his unique style and traveling experience in more than 70 countries to create a book filled with wonders and concern. “Our question is no longer how to use the natural world for human comfort and gain, but how we can cooperate with one another to ensure we will someday fit in with it more respectfully,” he writes.
“Beyond Guilt Trips: Mindful Travel in an Unequal World,” by Anu Taranath. In this award-winning book, Taranath offers tips for reconciling (使和谐一致) our expectations with the cultural differences we meet while traveling. Although the book isn’t a green travel guide in itself, it does provide necessary social responsibilities that can increase our sustainability efforts to plan our journeys with greater respect.
1. Which book describes a kind of traveling suffering from danger itself
A. The Last Resort: The history of Heaven, Profit, and Danger at the Beach.
B. Sustainable Travel: The Essential Guide to Positive-Effect Adventures.
C. Horizon.
D. Beyond Guilt Trips: Mindful Travel in an Unequal World.
2. What is special about the book Beyond Guilt Trip
A It advises us to show more respect for nature. B. Its excellence made it an award-winning book.
C. Its author has different traveling experiences. D. It describes environmental risks traveling has caused.
3. Who is this article intended for
A. People who like reading books about traveling. B. People who show concern for nature.
C. People who like traveling and respect nature. D. People who care about global development.
B
When Ariel Rojas rode her bike to Bay Wildlife Reserve in Queens, New York, last November, she planned to go hiking and bird-watching. A mile into her walk, she suddenly spotted a beautiful swan struggling near the water’s edge. Ariel, 30, who had worked at the Wild Bird Recovery Center in Manhattan knew that swans were likely to view her as a predator and attack her but as she approached this one, it didn’t move.
She was certain that the bird needed medical attention, so she covered her jacket over the bird’s head to keep it calm, gently picked it up but then a thought struck her: What should I do next The nearest Wild Bird Recovery Center was across the East River and clear on the other side of town. How was she going to carry a 17-pound swan on her bike all that way Luckily, some strangers driving by offered her, her bike, and the swan a lift to a nearby subway station. On the subway, no one seemed to be particularly bothered by the feathered passenger. “One guy,” said Ariel, “was sitting right in front of me on his phone. I don’t know if he even noticed there was a swan in front of him.”
Rojas called the center on the way, and Tristan Higgin, an animal-care manager, picked her up at the subway station and drove bird, bike, and Rojas to the facility. There, staff members determined that the swan might have heavy metal poisoning, caused by taking in weights used on fishing lines. The staff got the swan back up on her feet, She even made friends at the center—another injured swan. Sadly, even with all that loving care, the swan didn’t pick up. Two months after Rojas came to her aid, she passed away. It’s a disappointing ending, but the real story is just how far some people are willing to go to save a swan in the big city. In all, Rojas traveled two hours by foot, car, and subway while dragging her bike.
4. What does the underlined word “predator” in paragraph 1 mean
A. A potential volunteer, B. A likely audience. C. A potential killer. D. A likely helper.
5. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true
A. It was easy for Ariel to carry the little swan. B. The swan ran into her way and was hit.
C. Rojas sent the swan to the center all by herself. D. The swan was kindly and lovingly treated.
6. Which of the following can best describe Rojas
A. Kind-hearted and imaginative. B. Caring and helpful.
C. Strong-minded and energetic. D. Positive and creative. i
7. What may be the best title of the passage
A. A Poor Swan Saved by Love. B. A Volunteer Loving and Saving Birds.
C. Loving Honks to Save Swans. D. A Poor Swan Surrounded with Love.
C
Like human armies, army ants smoothed out anything in their path. They make a habit of finding foods, often much larger than themselves, breaking them into pieces and dragging the pieces back to their camps. But they do not eat them out, with their army bases full of rubbish. But little is known about which kind of animals feed on army ant leavings. Christoph von Beeren at the Technical University of Darmstadt and Daniel Kronauer at the Rockefeller University in New York went to the rainforests of Costa Rica to find out. They found a whole ecosystem (生态系统) depends on the left foods to survive.
Watching little insects (昆虫) in a rainforest is much tougher—one reason why these cleaners had not been examined before. But the researchers hoped modern DNA analysis techniques might make the job easier. Working with a team of coworkers, they followed ants back to their camps, finding 34 places in total.
The researchers collected all the insects at each place and brought them back to laboratory. In total, they collected 8, 364 adult beetles (甲壳虫), 511 beetle baby and 24beetle eggs. Those were spread across 91 species, several of which were new to science. Far beyond what anyone had expected, these figures suggest that the left foods are not fast-food restaurants but homes, where the beetles live from birth to death.
How these species manage to avoid being eaten by their army-ant hosts is still a mystery. Dr von Beeren guessed that it partly depends on the fact that ants need them to keep their camps clean or partly depends on the fact that many species of beetles are able to produce chemicals that smell bad to ants.
The research only has shown a little of what is going on in the rubbish. Besides beetles there were other kinds of insects that the team simply did not have time to study and they were of equal importance to their study according to Dr Daniel Kronauer.
8. Why did the researchers go to the rainforest
A. They wanted to study ants. B. They wanted to prove their arguments.
C. They wanted to solve the mystery. D. They wanted to enjoy nature.
9. What can we learn from the passage
A. All the beetles found were already known. B. Modern techniques did make the job easier.
C. It was easy for people to study insects in forest. D. Not just beetles fed on the left foods to survive.
10. What might the researchers do next
A. To study other insects feeding on ants’ left food.
B. To find more about the life of ants in the rainforests.
C. To make further study on beetles feeding on ants’ left food.
D. To find more about the ecosystem in the rainforests.
11. Where does this passage probably come from
A. A geographic magazine. B. A fashion column. C. A science fiction. D. A scientific journal.
D
“These dogs are my companions,” says Darren Egan, a 12-year-old dog trainer, as he is sitting on Indie, his 44-kilo American Bully (斗牛犬). “I trust them.” Darren and his dad, Michael, have driven 17 hours from Ireland to compete in Champs Camp, a dog show run this month by the UK Bully Kennel Club. They’ve even brought together lovers of the Bully, a kind of dog known for its strength and strong will to attack.
Bullies came into America roughly a decade ago. Yet, recently there has been growing concern about whether some bullies are by nature easier to attack people, no matter who the owner is. Bully xls, the largest type, have killed eight people since 2021, including two this year. What is especially alarming is that both people who were killed this year were experienced in dealing with dogs. BullyWatch, an organization responsible for controlling their birth, claims bullies carried out 45% of all dog attacks this year. In one week in July, bullies killed seven other dogs, Bully owners and others, including the Dog Control Association want officials to target individual dogs that act dangerously.
Those who attend Champs Camp say the bullies are misunderstood. Owners show off their dogs’ gentle nature. “I’d put my baby’s hand in his mouth.” says one man. Another tells how his pet is used as a treatment in an old people’s home. The real problem, they say, is owners who cannot control their animals.
Their birth controlling is another issue, BullyWatch reports that 97% of bullies are born illegally. The Daily Mirror is applying for a ban (禁令) on raising them, In July, a minister said a ban was an option Pressure for one grows with news of every horrible attack. However, at Champs Camp, there was little concern that change would come soon. People who support a ban are welcomed by a number of owners shouting “beat you.” Sometimes, owners are more frightening than their dogs.
12. What can people do in Champs Camp
A. Watch exciting fights among dogs. B. Show good qualities of their dogs.
C. Call on people to control dogs’ birth. D. Enjoy dogs’ company as a treatment.
13. Why are people worried
A. There are too many bullies around them, B. Chances are that bullies can attack people.
C. Bullies are too gentle for owners to raise, D. The owners are too crazy about their pets,
14. What is the author’s attitude towards the ban on raising bullies
A. Unclear. B. Negative. C. Positive. D. Unconcerned.
15. What can be inferred according to the last paragraph
A. Owners of bullies are more frightening than their dogs.
B. The ban on raising bullies is certain to take effect.
C. Owners of bullies are strongly against the ban.
D. Individual dogs that act dangerously will be targeted.
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Parental investment (投资) has increased
Are teenagers less likely to participate in activities connected with adulthood because they’re busier with homework and after-school activities ____16____
Research found that time spent on homework and after-school activities has decreased among 10th graders. On the other hand, Internet usage has increased. ____17____ In fact, today’s teens are thought of as “screenagers”. Greater parental investment leads to teens growing up more slowly because parents take care of children and teens more carefully and organize their activities.
The study researchers also found a connection between a slower developmental path and smaller family size, higher parental age at first birth, and higher income. ____18____ This may allow them to follow a slower developmental path.
There are also economic factors. With changes in the economy, more people go to college and are dependent on their parents for longer. ____19____ 18-to 29-year-olds spend more time getting educated, marrying and having children later.
____20____ On the upside, teens are less likely to join in risky behaviors. They are more likely to wait until they’re ready to participate in adult activities. On the downside, today’s students may be smart enough, but they often have trouble with basics like time management, making their own decisions and leading independent lives.
A. The answer is definitely “Yes”.
B. This might account for some of the changes.
C. In terms of advantages, teens tend to take risks.
D. It might be opposite to what most people think.
E. That also leads to more careful nurturing with the idea that education will last longer.
F. There are benefits and drawbacks of the decrease in adult activities among teenagers.
G. With fewer children and more money, parents can invest more time and resources in their kids.
第三部分 语言运用 (共五节, 满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For the first year of our relationship, I didn’t know his name and didn’t welcome his interruptions (打扰), I felt ____21____ by the unexpected knock on my window, which was necessary to get my attention because my apartment had no doorbell.
____22____ my annoyance, I secretly named him Kris, because he was a kind of modern-day Santa Claus. He brought me presents and tried to ____23____ cheer—except his uniform was UPS brown, not Santa Claus red, and I had ordered and paid for the presents myself.
Our relationship started when I moved into another apartment. When I was home, the UPS man would knock until I ____24____ came to collect my package. I hated small talk, but with him I made an ____25____, chatting about the weather or other topics. My close friend thought it ____26____ to spend so much time with the UPS man and warned me to ____27____ future knocks, But Kris reminded me of my father, so I continued to ____28____ the door.
COVID-19 changed everything. Trapped in my apartment, I did ____29____ his visits, He brought what I ordered and would stay for some time chatting with me. He would tell me about his favorite routes and neighbors. I even learned his real name: Dave.
One day in hot July, Dave knocked with a package, and when I answered, he told me that UPS was changing his ____30____. My heart sank.
“I’m excited for a change,” he said, “but I’ll always ____31____ my regulars.”
“Congratulations.” I felt ____32____ what else to say.
He ____33____ the silence, “I used to ____34____ what I was doing with my life. My job, this job, just felt so—small.”
“What changed ”
“Nothing, ____35____ my attitude,” he said. “I realized I was delivering people things they needed, things that brought them joy.”
I couldn’t see his smile through his mask, but I could sense it.
21. A. satisfied B. troubled C. excited D. awkward
22. A. With B. For C. Despite D. As
23. A. spread B. suffer C. shape D. stress
24. A. flexibly B. unwillingly C. readily D. quickly
25. A. affect B. effort C. effect D. affection
26. A. tough B. normal C. amazing D. risky
27. A. ignore B. seek C. gather D. escape
28. A. shut B. open C. close D. answer
29. A. pay attention to B. hang on to C. look forward to D. give rise to
30. A. address B. name C. route D. path
31. A. think of B. count on C. cheer up D. stick to
32. A. at any cost B. at a loss C. at case D. at any rate
33. A. stopped B. kept C. held D. broke
34. A. understand B. wander C. recognize D. wonder
35. A. far from B. different from C. apart from D. free from
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ancient paintings, always in a vivid state for the world to appreciate, interpret and pass on, have been appreciated for over a thousand years. When a scroll (画卷) is opened, the fantastic art is transformed into history and the ____36____ (hide) history wakes up from it.
The Night Revels of Han Xizai is described ____37____ the earliest human “movie” with the last emperor of Southern Tang as the “producer” and Hang Xizai as the “leading actor”. Future ____38____ (generation) would be able to feel the undeclared battles and suspicions (怀疑) of the ruler and ministers of that era through it.
And then there’s the Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy, ____39____ gives you the opportunity to step into Zhenguan Period and watch the scene of Li Shimin, Emperor Tang Taizong, ____40____ (receive) Lu Dongzan in the palace.
The paintings are used as brushes to record history and ____41____ (pass) down for thousands of years. They are ancient paintings, as well as ____42____ (history) documents that can be read at any time.
People of later generations want to use ____43____ (advance) technology to make history and its stories come alive. Thus, at the 2022 Spring Festival gala, Only This Green, based on the painting A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains, became ____44____ hit. We realize that pictures can not only be vivid on paper, ____45____ can be alive in 3D.
第三节 选词填空 (共5小题; 每小题1分, 满分5分)
选择并使用所给英语单词的正确形式完成句子。有两个单词为多余词。
classic shallow create flexible judge prefer recognize
46. Her natural ________ and artistic talent make her home impressive.
47. ________ from the evidence offered, no one can doubt the fact that fast food not only does harm to people’s health but also break cuisine culture and social relationship.
48. Passengers can check in with their ID cards or through facial ________ in most railway stations across the country.
49. Many people expressed a strong ________ for the original plan.
50 This type of computer is too slow and ________ to meet many business needs.
第四节 (共5小题; 每小题1 分, 满分5分)
课文填空: 在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
51. These things can help you take your mind ________ matters that worry you and make you feel good about yourself. (用适当的词填空)
52. ________ your answer is , there’s always a lot more to it than first meets the eye. (用适当的词填空)
53. In a society______ being thin is often seen as being beautiful, teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly. (用适当的词填空)
54. Mama reached _________ the table and touched Papa’s arm, writing down another figure. （用适当的词填空）
55. The high point of the story comes when Huck is faced with the decision of ________ to hand Jim over to some slave catchers. (用适当的词填空)
第五节 (共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分)
短语填空: 根据句意和所给汉语提示, 用适当的英文短语完成句子。
56. In addition to ________________ the higher education system, China will also seek new breakthroughs to pursue a fairer educational system. (重视, 认为有重要性)（根据汉语提示补全句子）
57. The definition also fails ________________ the significance of industrial purchases. (给予公正的评价) （根据汉语提示补全句子）
58. But rather than turning around and heading back, you may just need to________________ for the night and get some rest. (靠边停车) （根据汉语提示补全句子）
59. It is said that he________________ in the traffic accident the other day. (死里逃生) （根据汉语提示补全句子）
60. The task assigned, dangerous or otherwise, must be finished________________. (如期) （根据汉语提示补全句子）
61. As the star player on the team, he always felt the pressure to ________________. (不辜负每个人的期望) （根据汉语提示补全句子）
62. At first they hated each other, but they ________________. (以结婚告终) （根据汉语提示补全句子）
63. The product was developed ________ ________ ________ customer need. (根据，回应) (根据汉语提示完成句子)
64. People have grown taller over the last century, with South Korean women ________________ by more than 20 cm on average, and Iranian men gaining 16.5 cm. (快速长高) （根据汉语提示补全句子）
65. And ________________, people began to use the word “restaurant” to refer to a place selling soup rather than the soup itself. (随着时间流逝) （根据汉语提示补全句子）
第四部分 应用文写作 (满分20分)
66. 假定你是某英文报纸的栏目编辑，你收到了高中生Jenny的来信，她认为自己肥胖，正在借助药物减肥。请你给她写一封回信。要点如下：
1. 你对这一做法的看法；
2. 如何健康减肥 (两到三点建议)。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jenny,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Editor
