2023—2024学年第一学期新华中学高一年级第三阶段测试
英语试卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When will the man arrive at the party
A. At 7:30. B. At 8:00. C. At 8:30.
2. How does the woman feel now
A. Disappointed. B. Excited. C. Angry.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A course. B. A study method. C. An exercise.
4. What will the man do for the woman
A. Teach her French.
B. Retell the stories in French.
C. Translate the stories into English.
5. What happened when the man parked on the street
A. He got a ticket. B. His car was stolen. C. Someone crashed into his car.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What does the woman want to learn about
A. Life in small towns in her province.
B. A local museum.
C. A local city.
7. What is the woman really interested in
A. Broken pots and vases. B. The local language. C.The ways of life.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What did the man ask the woman over the phone
A. If she works on the 17th.
B. When she will meet his friends.
C. Whether she has received the invitation.
9. What will the woman do on the 18th
A. Relax at Glencross. B. Go to Brussels. C. Have a celebration.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. What is the man related to the woman
A. Husband and wife.
B. Brother and sister.
C. Father and daughter.
11. What do we know about the man
A. He has children.
B. He doesn’t like to cook.
C. It was his idea to do something different.
12. Where will the speakers probably go for Thanksgiving
A. To a restaurant.
B. To the man’s house.
C. To the woman’s house.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a park. B. At a hotel. C. In the street.
14. What is the weather like today
A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy.
15. How will the man probably go to Wrigley Field
A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By subway.
16. What time is it probably now
A. 3:00 pm. B. 4:00 pm. C. 5:00 pm.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What does the speaker ask Janet to do
A. Clean up her clothes. B. Look after her house. C. Look for a maid for her.
18. What animal is Butch
A. A dog. B. A cat. C. A rabbit.
19. How many cups of pet food does Butch eat every day
A. Three. B. Two. C. One.
20. What should Janet do next Wednesday
A. Pay the postman. B. Buy a bag of pet food. C. Give Butch a bath.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 单项选择(共15 小题;每小题2.5分,满分50分)
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
DOWN TO THE WOODS
To mark Earth Day on 22 April, consider a trip that celebrates all the natural beauty and variety of the world’s forests.
Isle of Wight
A safe bet for spotting the active red squirrel is Brighstone Forest where, in the summer, you might also hear the call of the nightjar, a bird known for its frightening call. Stay in a log cabin (原木小屋) near Calbourne and enjoy breakfast — with eggs laid on site by free-range hens from a farm. Tom’s Eco Lodges at Tapnell Farm Park has several options for families, from 900 per week, including log cabins and travelling tents.
Sweden
The vast pine forests of central Sweden are an ideal place to enjoy a true back-to-nature experience. In the daytime, you can hike, swim or canoe before returning to enjoy a campfire dinner of local ingredients. You can also set off on a guided trip for seeing large deer at dusk. Responsible Travel has a three- night eco-lodge (生态旅馆) break from 630 per adult, children (12-15) from 303, international flights not included.
Ecuador
In Ecuador’s Choco cloud forest, more than 3,000ft above sea level, follow misty trails around species of plants found nowhere else on the planet. You’ll also spot hummingbirds as you pick your way between huge trees. Black Tomato offers five nights in Ecuador, from 3,875 per person including international flights and three nights’ full-board, at the eco Mashpi Lodge.
Carmarthenshire
In the foothills of the Cambrian Mountains, you’ll find a mixed woodland of various trees. Activities include mountain biking in the Tywi Valley and waterfall hikes with views across the Brecon Beacons. Book the beautifully Glan-yr-Afon Riverside Cottage, surrounded by grasslands and mountain streams. From 597 for three nights, based on four sharing.
1. If Jane is interested in riding bicycles in mountains, she can go to ________ .
A. Ecuador B. Isle of Wight
C. Sweden D. Carmarthenshire
2. What can we know from the passage
A. Responsible Travel pays for visitors’ international flights.
B. In Ecuador’s Choco cloud forest exist some rare plants.
C. The Glan-yr-Afon Riverside Cottage is located in Sweden.
D. In Brighstone Forest the frightening call of the squirrel can be heard.
3. In what section of a newspaper are you most likely to read the passage
A. Education. B. Travel.
C. Environment. D. Geography.
B
Archer is a seven-year-old boy in Australia. One day last year, he woke up in the middle of the night and walked into his mom’s bedroom. What he saw really frightened him: His mom was lying on the floor. Archer tried to wake her up, but he couldn’t. Anastasia Barros, Archer’s mom, has diabetes. Her blood sugar level had dropped so low that night that she had passed out.
Fortunately, Ms. Barros had spoken to Archer about calling Triple Zero (0-0-0). In Australia, people dial this emergency number to call for police, fire or emergency medical services. Archer’s father was away on business, so it was up to the boy to save his mom. Archer immediately reached for his mom’s phone. He tried to be calm and dialed “0-0-0.”
“Hi, it’s just me and mom,” Archer told the call-taker. “Mom has passed out and is now lying on the floor!” The boy listened carefully to the call-taker’s instructions. He turned his mom's head back to open her airway. Soon, the ambulance arrived and sent Ms. Barros to the hospital. Archer is not just his mom’s hero; he has also been named a Triple-Zero Hero by the local emergency services. The boy said he was very proud to be awarded for his clear thinking during the emergency.
Marty Smyth, the manager of the local emergency services, said it was very important to teach children when and how to call Triple Zero. Archer agreed. “By knowing how to get help in an emergency, all kids can help their mothers,” he said.
4. What happened to Archer’s mom that night
A. Her blood sugar level rose and fell off her bed. B. She fainted because of low blood sugar level.
C. She was sleeping on the floor. D. She died of diabetes.
5. Why did Archer turn his mom’s head back
A. To hear the call-taker clearly. B. His mom asked him to do so.
C. To make her mom breathe smoothly. D. His father told him to help his mother.
6. Why was Archer considered a hero
A. He could keep calm when saving his mom.
B. He saved his mom’s life without doctor’s help.
C. He sent his mom to hospital as soon as possible.
D. The local emergency services need such a role model.
7. What is Marty Smyth’s attitude towards teaching children to call Triple-Zero
A. Negative. B. Objective. C. Supportive. D. Doubtful.
C
This year saw the publication, in stages, of the sixth report by the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)—a report which was depressing reading for many climate scientists, and in some ways offered a ray of hope.
Why depressing Because the report confirmed what scientists have been saying for years: that human activity, particularly in the form of emissions (排放) of greenhouse gases, is responsible for the warming in the past few centuries, and that unless such emissions are greatly reduced, we will soon bring about our entire ecosystem’s destruction.
The report concluded that 1.5°C of global warming over the next couple of hundred years is already “baked in”. This makes the goals outlined in the 2015 Paris Agreement—that nations agreed to keep warming below 2°C, and hopefully below 1.5°C-much harder to meet. Worse still, the IPCC report was followed later in the year by the COP27 summit (峰会), described by Prof Dann Mitchell, as “a complete failure, other than some commitment to loss and damage.”
And the ray of hope The IPCC’s sixth report was broader in approach than previous studies—looking in-depth for the first time at the role played in warming by short-term greenhouse gases such as methane(甲烷), for instance.
“Reducing carbon emissions is always the best approach: stop the problem at its source,” said Mitchell. “But we also need other approaches to help with this. Methane is important, but it’s so short-lived-that’s why we haven’t been so bothered when compared with CO,.”
The IPCC working groups showed potential adaptation paths, and they are the other things we can do in terms of fighting climate change and relieving its worst effects, rather than simply reducing carbon emissions. This would include taking measures such as switching to a more plant-based diet (to reduce methane emissions), controlling population growth, reducing financial inequality and developing means by which we might remove CO, that’s already in our atmosphere, rather than simply preventing it being released.
8. Which of the following can best describe the sixth report by IPCC
A. Seemingly contradictory. B. Wholly promising.
C. Particularly hopeless. D. Exceptionally new.
9. What does the underlined phrase “baked in” in paragraph 3 mean
A. out of date. B. to the full.
C. under discussion. D. in progress
10. According to the passage, what can we learn about methane
A. It has been long regarded as a major source of global warming.
B. Its role in global warming had been overlooked before the report.
C. Its boost to global warming is as much as other greenhouse gases.
D. It is considered as a new approach to reducing global warming.
11. How many aspects do the adaptation paths involve in the last paragraph
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.
D
China’s population is expected to fall this year, more than a decade earlier than previously thought, according to a government-backed scholar.
The number of people aged 65 and older was more than 14 per cent of the total in 2021, making China an “aged” society, rather than an “ageing” one, Zheng Bingwen, director of international social security studies at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said.
“The adverse impact of ageing is the slowdown in economic growth,” he told a finance conference in Beijing. “Ageing will lead to falls in savings, which in turn lead to falls in investment（投资）, which will be a huge thing in China.” Zheng said the country was on track to become a “super-aged” society by 2035, with more than 20 per cent of the population over 65.
The crisis（危机）has been speeding up in recent years, with the country now recording its slowest population growth since 1961. A total of 10.62 million babies were born last year across the country, a sharp fall from 12 million in 2020, and 14.65 million in 2019. The overall population still grew last year, but only by 480,000.
Experts have pointed out that the biggest factor in the country’s falling birth rates is that there are far fewer women of childbearing age; a direct result of the one-child policy introduced by the government in 1980. The high cost of housing and education have further discouraged the desire of many Chinese couples, especially those living in cities, to have children.
“Ageing will result in a fall in savings, and family debts will be rising.” Zheng said that the government should set up a pension（养老金）system to deal with the faster fall in population.”
12. What does the underlined word “adverse” in the third paragraph mean
A. Unpleasant. B. Delicate.
C. Flexible. D. Inspiring.
13. Which of the following is NOT the reason for China’s falling birth rates
A. High Housing Price. B. Expensive education.
C. Falls in investment. D. Lack of women of childbearing age.
14. According to Zheng Bingwen, what is the solution to the ageing crisis
A. Improving social security. B. Sticking to the one-child policy.
C. Establishing a pension system. D. Speeding up economic growth.
15 What’s the author’s attitude towards China’s falling population
A Positive. B. Satisfied.
C. Uncaring. D. Unclear.
第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分 12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Literacy (读写能力) changes the human brain. The process of learning to read changes or brain, but so does what we read, how we read and on what topic we read. This is especially important nowadays, when many people are addicted to screens at any given moment.
We are still in the early stages of understanding the impact of digital-based learning on the development of children's reading brains. Transforming new information into knowledge in the brain requires many connections to abstract reasoning skills. ____16____
Check yourself. Do you often read the first line of a page and zig-zag to the bottom Or read the first line, middle section and end ____17____The consequences of these losses are far-reaching, from decreasing sympathy to critical analysis.
____18____Yet they thought themselves better on screens because they were “faster”. More than 80% of college educators see a “shallowing” effect by screens on their students' deeper understanding. Even three-year-olds appear less able to deal with more abstract material when listening to stories on screens versus books.
The reasons are multiple, but they are not because deep reading is impossible on a screen. It is simply harder, because screens are associated with distraction (分心) ____19____.
The great challenge now is to learn how to use both print and digital mediums to their best advantage for all. ____20____Whether the books are new or old owned or borrowed from the library, doesn't matter. What matters is that they are there, and that children are encouraged to read them furthermore, books — not digital devices — should be the only reading option in children's bedrooms.
A. That in turn leads to less time allocated to abstract thought.
B. We must ensure that there are always books next to children's digital devices.
C. Traditional books should have a central place in reading practices.
D. And those connections require the kinds of time and attention often absent in digital reading.
E. Digital reading can't compare with reading books in print in many aspects.
F. What is lost lies between the lines: details in plot, the beauty of an author's language.
G. Readers' comprehension is declining when they read on screens rather than print.
第三部分 语言运用(共四节，满分55分)
第一节 完形填空 (总分15分,共15题,每题1分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填空白处的最佳选项。
I’ve been working as a UN Peacekeeper in the Central African Republic for the past two years. Before this, I was a pilot and I ____21____ my work. However, I felt it was my duty to help innocent people who are caught in trouble, so I ____22____ the United Nations.
The Central African Republic is a relatively small country. Since it got ____23____ from France in the 1950s, there have been many violent conflicts between the government and rebels (反叛者). In 2012, a civil war began, due to which, over one million people were forced to ____24____ their homes and there were many deaths and injuries. ____25____, the United Nations established a peacekeeping ____26____ in the country.
We peacekeepers ____27____ cities and villages to ____28____ that no conflict is occurring and help bring supplies of food and medicine. We are a ____29____ that can keep people in conflict apart.
As a woman, I am particularly ____30____ as I can act as a role model for many women and girls in the country. When they see how others respect me, they feel that they also ____31____ to be respected and treated ____32____.
My life is not ____33____ in any way! It’s long hours in a very tough environment. I have basic ____34____ with just a bed in a shared room. Of course, being away from my family and friends is also very hard at times. However, I know that the Central African Republic is safer because of the UN Peacekeepers, and that makes it all ____35____.
21. A. hated B. enjoyed C. guarded D. changed
22. A. gave in to B. looked up to C. kept up with D. signed up with
23. A. treatment B. technology C. independence D. inspiration
24. A. flee B. return C. sweep D. tend
25. A. In turn B. In surprise C. In response D. In addition
26. A. measure B. reputation C. business D. mission
27. A. follow B. expand C. monitor D. block
28. A. ensure B. prove C. report D. predict
29. A. bridge B. barrier C. castle D. shelter
30. A. protected B. trusted C. valued D. doubted
31. A. deserve B. prefer C. plan D. fail
32. A. gently B. equally C. seriously D. honestly
33. A. boring B. rewarding C. difficult D. fancy
34. A. association B. accommodation C. administration D. adaptation
35. A. available B. ambitious C. worthwhile D. educational
第二节 短文填空 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Breakfast starts your metabolism (新陈代谢), helping you burn calories throughout the day. It also gives you the energy you need to get things____36____(do) and helps you focus at work or at school. Those are just a few reasons why it's the most important meal of the day.
Many studies have linked eating breakfast to good health, including better memory and____37____(concentrate) and lower chances of getting diabetes, heart disease, and being overweight. It's hard to know, though, if breakfast____38____(contribute) to these healthy habits or if people____39____eat it have healthier lifestyles.____40____it is clear that____41____(skip) the morning meal can throw off your body's rhythm (节奏) of fasting and eating. When you wake up, the blood sugar your body needs to make your muscles and brain work their best is usually low. If your body doesn't get that fuel from food, you may feel a lack____42____energy, and you'll be more likely____43____(overeat) later in the day.
Breakfast also gives you a chance to get in some vitamins and nutrients from healthy foods like grains, fruits, and so on. Many people skip the morning meal because they're rushing to get out of the door. That's a mistake. You need food in your system long____44____lunchtime. If you don't eat first thing, you may get so_____45_____(hunger) later on that you snack on high-fat, high-sugar foods.
第三节 单句语法填空 (共10小题，每题1分，满分10分)
46. Their relationship has reached the point ________ they have to divorce. (用适当的词填空)
47. He is such a person ________is respected by all of us. (用适当的词填空)
48. The building ________ roof you can see from here is a new restaurant. (用适当的词填空)
49. Those ________ want to go please sign their names here. (用适当的词填空)
50. This is the second school ________ I used to work at, and many students there still have contact with me. (用适当的词填空)
51. The musician along with his band members ________ (give) ten performances in the last three months. （所给词的适当形式填空）
52. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ________ (rise) since 1990. (所给词的适当形式填空)
53. Up to now, the novel ____________(translate) into many languages and is known all over the world. (所给词的适当形式填空)
54. Since your bike_________________( repair), you can use mine. （所给词的适当形式填空）
55. It was a long time ________ she recovered from the operation. (用适当的词填空)
第四节 完成句子(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
56. Zhang Sanfeng was said ________ ________ ________tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird.
据说是张三丰从鸟和蛇的搏斗中获得灵感，发明了太极拳。
57. It took 500 workers 100 days to build the fine model, ________ ________ ________the thousands of props inside.
为了制作这个精致模型, 500名工人用了100天，更不要说内部还有成千上万的道具了。
58. My lecture today may not be able to ________ ________ ________all the work people have done behind the scenes.
我今天的讲座可能无法对所有的幕后工作者都给予公正的评价。
59. ________ ________ some tai chi moves are named after animals.
难怪，一些太极的动作是以动物而命名的。
60. With these requirements in mind, I found ________ ________ ________ that my balance and flexibility slowly improved.
让我欣慰的是，记住太极拳的这些要求后，我发现自己的平衡性和柔韧性慢慢有所改善。
61. Eventually, tai chi ________ ________ a state of physical balance and mental peace.
最终，太极拳带来了身体平衡和心态平和的状态。
62. Remember to drink________ ________to make up for water lost to sweat.
记住运动时全程都要喝水，以弥补流汗所造成的水分流失。
63. Another aspect I ________ ________ ________ ________ is visual effects.
另一个我认为很重要方面就是视觉特效。
64. Today, I’ll give you a brief introduction to some aspects of film-making you might not ________ ________ ________.
今天，我将就电影制作中你们可能不太熟悉的一些方面做一个简单的介绍。
65. Hopefully, next time you go to the cinema, you’ll ________ ________ ________ ________ all those talented people behind the scenes.
希望下次你们看电影时，能想一想所有幕后那些才华出众的人们。
第四部分 应用文写作(满分15分)
66. 6月5日是“世界环境保护日”，李平和他的同学经过讨论，觉得有必要写一封倡议书，呼吁人们齐心协力，保护环境，提出有效的保护措施。
注意:1.词数80词左右。
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2023—2024学年第一学期新华中学高一年级第三阶段测试
英语试卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When will the man arrive at the party
A. At 7:30. B. At 8:00. C. At 8:30.
2. How does the woman feel now
A. Disappointed. B. Excited. C. Angry.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A course. B. A study method. C. An exercise.
4. What will the man do for the woman
A. Teach her French.
B. Retell the stories in French.
C. Translate the stories into English.
5. What happened when the man parked on the street
A He got a ticket. B. His car was stolen. C. Someone crashed into his car.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What does the woman want to learn about
A. Life in small towns in her province.
B. A local museum.
C. A local city.
7. What is the woman really interested in
A. Broken pots and vases. B. The local language. C.The ways of life.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What did the man ask the woman over the phone
A. If she works on the 17th.
B. When she will meet his friends.
C. Whether she has received the invitation.
9. What will the woman do on the 18th
A. Relax at Glencross. B. Go to Brussels. C. Have a celebration.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. What is the man related to the woman
A. Husband and wife.
B. Brother and sister.
C. Father and daughter.
11. What do we know about the man
A. He has children.
B. He doesn’t like to cook.
C. It was his idea to do something different.
12. Where will the speakers probably go for Thanksgiving
A. To a restaurant.
B. To the man’s house.
C. To the woman’s house.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a park. B. At a hotel. C. In the street.
14. What is the weather like today
A Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy.
15. How will the man probably go to Wrigley Field
A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By subway.
16. What time is it probably now
A. 3:00 pm. B. 4:00 pm. C. 5:00 pm.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What does the speaker ask Janet to do
A. Clean up her clothes. B. Look after her house. C. Look for a maid for her.
18. What animal is Butch
A. A dog. B. A cat. C. A rabbit.
19. How many cups of pet food does Butch eat every day
A. Three. B. Two. C. One.
20. What should Janet do next Wednesday
A. Pay the postman. B. Buy a bag of pet food. C. Give Butch a bath.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 单项选择(共15 小题;每小题2.5分,满分50分)
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
DOWN TO THE WOODS
To mark Earth Day on 22 April, consider a trip that celebrates all the natural beauty and variety of the world’s forests.
Isle of Wight
A safe bet for spotting the active red squirrel is Brighstone Forest where, in the summer, you might also hear the call of the nightjar, a bird known for its frightening call. Stay in a log cabin (原木小屋) near Calbourne and enjoy breakfast — with eggs laid on site by free-range hens from a farm. Tom’s Eco Lodges at Tapnell Farm Park has several options for families, from 900 per week, including log cabins and travelling tents.
Sweden
The vast pine forests of central Sweden are an ideal place to enjoy a true back-to-nature experience. In the daytime, you can hike, swim or canoe before returning to enjoy a campfire dinner of local ingredients. You can also set off on a guided trip for seeing large deer at dusk. Responsible Travel has a three- night eco-lodge (生态旅馆) break from 630 per adult, children (12-15) from 303, international flights not included.
Ecuador
In Ecuador’s Choco cloud forest, more than 3,000ft above sea level, follow misty trails around species of plants found nowhere else on the planet. You’ll also spot hummingbirds as you pick your way between huge trees. Black Tomato offers five nights in Ecuador, from 3,875 per person including international flights and three nights’ full-board, at the eco Mashpi Lodge.
Carmarthenshire
In the foothills of the Cambrian Mountains, you’ll find a mixed woodland of various trees. Activities include mountain biking in the Tywi Valley and waterfall hikes with views across the Brecon Beacons. Book the beautifully Glan-yr-Afon Riverside Cottage, surrounded by grasslands and mountain streams. From 597 for three nights, based on four sharing.
1. If Jane is interested in riding bicycles in mountains, she can go to ________ .
A. Ecuador B. Isle of Wight
C. Sweden D. Carmarthenshire
2. What can we know from the passage
A. Responsible Travel pays for visitors’ international flights.
B. In Ecuador’s Choco cloud forest exist some rare plants.
C. The Glan-yr-Afon Riverside Cottage is located in Sweden.
D. In Brighstone Forest the frightening call of the squirrel can be heard.
3. In what section of a newspaper are you most likely to read the passage
A. Education. B. Travel.
C. Environment. D. Geography.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是几个旅行目的地的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Carmarthenshire部分的“Activities include mountain biking in the Tywi Valley and waterfall hikes with views across the Brecon Beacons.(活动包括在泰威山谷骑山地自行车和瀑布徒步穿越布雷肯灯塔。)”可知，如果简对在山里骑自行车感兴趣，她可以去Carmarthenshire，故选D。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据Ecuador部分的“In Ecuador’s Choco cloud forest, more than 3,000ft above sea level, follow misty trails around species of plants found nowhere else on the planet.(在厄瓜多尔海拔3000多英尺的乔科云雾森林里，有许多在地球上其他地方找不到的植物，它们沿着云雾般的小径生长。)”可以推断出一些珍稀植物生长在Ecuador’s Choco cloud forest。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“To mark Earth Day on 22 April, consider a trip that celebrates all the natural beauty and variety of the world’s forests.(为了纪念4月22日的地球日，可以考虑一趟旅行来庆祝世界上所有的自然美景和各种各样的森林。)”可以推断出这篇文章应该属于报纸的Travel这一版块。故选B。
B
Archer is a seven-year-old boy in Australia. One day last year, he woke up in the middle of the night and walked into his mom’s bedroom. What he saw really frightened him: His mom was lying on the floor. Archer tried to wake her up, but he couldn’t. Anastasia Barros, Archer’s mom, has diabetes. Her blood sugar level had dropped so low that night that she had passed out.
Fortunately, Ms. Barros had spoken to Archer about calling Triple Zero (0-0-0). In Australia, people dial this emergency number to call for police, fire or emergency medical services. Archer’s father was away on business, so it was up to the boy to save his mom. Archer immediately reached for his mom’s phone. He tried to be calm and dialed “0-0-0.”
“Hi, it’s just me and mom,” Archer told the call-taker. “Mom has passed out and is now lying on the floor!” The boy listened carefully to the call-taker’s instructions. He turned his mom's head back to open her airway. Soon, the ambulance arrived and sent Ms. Barros to the hospital. Archer is not just his mom’s hero; he has also been named a Triple-Zero Hero by the local emergency services. The boy said he was very proud to be awarded for his clear thinking during the emergency.
Marty Smyth, the manager of the local emergency services, said it was very important to teach children when and how to call Triple Zero. Archer agreed. “By knowing how to get help in an emergency, all kids can help their mothers,” he said.
4. What happened to Archer’s mom that night
A. Her blood sugar level rose and fell off her bed. B. She fainted because of low blood sugar level.
C. She was sleeping on the floor. D. She died of diabetes.
5. Why did Archer turn his mom’s head back
A. To hear the call-taker clearly. B. His mom asked him to do so.
C. To make her mom breathe smoothly. D. His father told him to help his mother.
6. Why was Archer considered a hero
A. He could keep calm when saving his mom.
B. He saved his mom’s life without doctor’s help.
C. He sent his mom to hospital as soon as possible.
D. The local emergency services need such a role model.
7. What is Marty Smyth’s attitude towards teaching children to call Triple-Zero
A. Negative. B. Objective. C. Supportive. D. Doubtful.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了7岁的男孩Archer在看到患有糖尿病的母亲晕倒后，冷静地拨打了Triple Zero，及时把妈妈送进了医院，由此获得了英雄称号。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Anastasia Barros, Archer’s mom, has diabetes. Her blood sugar level had dropped so low that night that she had passed out.( Anastasia Barros，Archer的妈妈，患有糖尿病。那天晚上她的血糖水平下降得如此之低，以至于她昏过去了)”可知，那晚Archer的妈妈因为低血糖晕倒了。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“He turned his mom's head back to open her airway.(他把妈妈的头转回来，打开她的气道)”可知，Archer把他妈妈的头转回来是为了让她呼吸顺畅。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The boy said he was very proud to be awarded for his clear thinking during the emergency. (这名男孩说，他因在紧急情况下思路清晰而获奖，他感到非常自豪)”可知，Archer被认为是英雄因为他在救他妈妈的时候能保持冷静。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Marty Smyth, the manager of the local emergency services, said it was very important to teach children when and how to call Triple Zero.(当地应急服务经理Marty Smyth表示，教育孩子们何时以及如何拨打Triple Zero电话非常重要)”可推知，Marty Smyth对教孩子们拨打Triple-Zero持支持态度。故选C。
C
This year saw the publication, in stages, of the sixth report by the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)—a report which was depressing reading for many climate scientists, and in some ways offered a ray of hope.
Why depressing Because the report confirmed what scientists have been saying for years: that human activity, particularly in the form of emissions (排放) of greenhouse gases, is responsible for the warming in the past few centuries, and that unless such emissions are greatly reduced, we will soon bring about our entire ecosystem’s destruction.
The report concluded that 1.5°C of global warming over the next couple of hundred years is already “baked in”. This makes the goals outlined in the 2015 Paris Agreement—that nations agreed to keep warming below 2°C, and hopefully below 1.5°C-much harder to meet. Worse still, the IPCC report was followed later in the year by the COP27 summit (峰会), described by Prof Dann Mitchell, as “a complete failure, other than some commitment to loss and damage.”
And the ray of hope The IPCC’s sixth report was broader in approach than previous studies—looking in-depth for the first time at the role played in warming by short-term greenhouse gases such as methane(甲烷), for instance.
“Reducing carbon emissions is always the best approach: stop the problem at its source,” said Mitchell. “But we also need other approaches to help with this. Methane is important, but it’s so short-lived-that’s why we haven’t been so bothered when compared with CO,.”
The IPCC working groups showed potential adaptation paths, and they are the other things we can do in terms of fighting climate change and relieving its worst effects, rather than simply reducing carbon emissions. This would include taking measures such as switching to a more plant-based diet (to reduce methane emissions), controlling population growth, reducing financial inequality and developing means by which we might remove CO, that’s already in our atmosphere, rather than simply preventing it being released.
8. Which of the following can best describe the sixth report by IPCC
A. Seemingly contradictory. B. Wholly promising.
C. Particularly hopeless. D. Exceptionally new.
9. What does the underlined phrase “baked in” in paragraph 3 mean
A. out of date. B. to the full.
C. under discussion. D. in progress
10. According to the passage, what can we learn about methane
A. It has been long regarded as a major source of global warming.
B. Its role in global warming had been overlooked before the report.
C. Its boost to global warming is as much as other greenhouse gases.
D. It is considered as a new approach to reducing global warming.
11. How many aspects do the adaptation paths involve in the last paragraph
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.
【答案】8 A 9. D 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要分析了联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）发布的第六份气候变化报告，这份报告既令人沮丧，又给人们以希望。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“This year saw the publication, in stages, of the sixth report by the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)—a report which was depressing reading for many climate scientists, and in some ways offered a ray of hope.(今年，联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）分阶段发布了第六份报告，这份报告让许多气候科学家读起来令人沮丧，但在某些方面也带来了一线希望)”中报告的解释可知，这份报告既让人沮丧，又给人以希望，由此可以判断，该报告似乎是有些矛盾。故选A项。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“This makes the goals outlined in the 2015 Paris Agreement—that nations agreed to keep warming below 2°C, and hopefully below 1.5°C-much harder to meet.(这使得2015年《巴黎协定》中概述的目标——各国同意将升温控制在2°C以下，希望低于1.5°C——更难实现)”可知，此处讲述的是划线短语所在句子中产生的结果为使得2015年《巴黎协定》中概述的目标更难实现了，也就是说划线短语所在的句子陈述的内容已经形成，造成《巴黎协定》的目标更难实现，所以该短语的意思是“形成，在进行中”。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The IPCC’s sixth report was broader in approach than previous studies—looking in-depth for the first time at the role played in warming by short-term greenhouse gases such as methane(甲烷), for instance.(IPCC的第六份报告在方法上比以前的研究更广泛——首次深入研究了甲烷等短期温室气体在变暖中所起的作用)”可知，在IPCC的第六份报告中第一次深入研究了甲烷在气候变暖中的作用，由此可以推断，在这之前，未提到过甲烷对气候变暖带来的影响。故选B项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“This would include taking measures such as switching to a more plant—based diet (to reduce methane emissions), controlling population growth, reducing financial inequality and developing means by which we might remove CO, that’s already in our atmosphere, rather than simply preventing it being released.(这将包括采取措施，例如改用更多植物性饮食（以减少甲烷排放），控制人口增长，减少金融不平等以及开发我们可以去除已经在我们大气中的一氧化碳的方法，而不是简单地阻止它被释放)”可知，提到的适应性路径有转向更多的植物性饮食、控制人口增长、减少财政不平等以及开发方法解决已经存在大气中的CO。故选C项。
D
China’s population is expected to fall this year, more than a decade earlier than previously thought, according to a government-backed scholar.
The number of people aged 65 and older was more than 14 per cent of the total in 2021, making China an “aged” society, rather than an “ageing” one, Zheng Bingwen, director of international social security studies at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said.
“The adverse impact of ageing is the slowdown in economic growth,” he told a finance conference in Beijing. “Ageing will lead to falls in savings, which in turn lead to falls in investment（投资）, which will be a huge thing in China.” Zheng said the country was on track to become a “super-aged” society by 2035, with more than 20 per cent of the population over 65.
The crisis（危机）has been speeding up in recent years, with the country now recording its slowest population growth since 1961. A total of 10.62 million babies were born last year across the country, a sharp fall from 12 million in 2020, and 14.65 million in 2019. The overall population still grew last year, but only by 480,000.
Experts have pointed out that the biggest factor in the country’s falling birth rates is that there are far fewer women of childbearing age; a direct result of the one-child policy introduced by the government in 1980. The high cost of housing and education have further discouraged the desire of many Chinese couples, especially those living in cities, to have children.
“Ageing will result in a fall in savings, and family debts will be rising.” Zheng said that the government should set up a pension（养老金）system to deal with the faster fall in population.”
12. What does the underlined word “adverse” in the third paragraph mean
A. Unpleasant. B. Delicate.
C. Flexible. D. Inspiring.
13. Which of the following is NOT the reason for China’s falling birth rates
A. High Housing Price. B. Expensive education.
C. Falls in investment. D. Lack of women of childbearing age.
14. According to Zheng Bingwen, what is the solution to the ageing crisis
A. Improving social security. B. Sticking to the one-child policy.
C. Establishing a pension system. D. Speeding up economic growth.
15. What’s the author’s attitude towards China’s falling population
A. Positive. B. Satisfied.
C. Uncaring. D. Unclear.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国面临着人口老龄化及人口出生率下降所带来的一些消极的影响，并分析了其原因及提出了对策。
【12题详解】
词句辨析题。根据第三段的前三句““The adverse impact of ageing is the slowdown in economic growth,” he told a finance conference in Beijing. “Ageing will lead to falls in savings, which in turn lead to falls in investment（投资）, which will be a huge thing in China.”(“老龄化的不利影响是经济增长放缓，”他在北京的一个金融会议上表示。“老龄化将导致储蓄下降，进而导致投资下降，这在中国将是一件巨大的事情。”)”可知，老龄化带来的影响是消极的、不利的。因此，adverse应为“不好的，负面的”意思。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段整段内容“Experts have pointed out that the biggest factor in the country’s falling birth rates is that there are far fewer women of childbearing age; a direct result of the one-child policy introduced by the government in 1980. The high cost of housing and education have further discouraged the desire of many Chinese couples, especially those living in cities, to have children.( 专家指出，中国出生率下降的最大因素是育龄妇女少得多；这是1980年政府推行独生子女政策的直接结果。高昂的住房和教育成本进一步打击了许多中国夫妇，尤其是生活在城市的夫妇想要孩子的愿望。)”可知，影响中国出生率降低的因素有育龄妇女少、高昂的住房和教育成本。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Zheng said that the government should set up a pension(养老金)system to deal with the faster fall in population.(郑说，中国政府应该建立养老金体系来解决人口的较快减少问题。)”可知，建立养老金体系才是解决这个问题的关键。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的第一句““The adverse impact of ageing is the slowdown in economic growth,” he told a finance conference in Beijing.(“老龄化的不利影响是经济增长放缓，”他在北京的一个金融会议上表示。)”以及第五段的“Experts have pointed out that the biggest factor in the country’s falling birth rates is that there are far fewer women of childbearing age; a direct result of the one-child policy introduced by the government in 1980. The high cost of housing and education have further discouraged the desire of many Chinese couples, especially those living in cities, to have children. (专家指出，中国出生率下降的最大因素是育龄妇女少得多；这是1980年政府推行独生子女政策的直接结果。高昂的住房和教育成本进一步打击了许多中国夫妇，尤其是生活在城市的夫妇想要孩子的愿望。)”可知， 在本文中作者客观地介绍专家们对于中国人口危机的看法，并没有发表个人观点。故选D项。
第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分 12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Literacy (读写能力) changes the human brain. The process of learning to read changes or brain, but so does what we read, how we read and on what topic we read. This is especially important nowadays, when many people are addicted to screens at any given moment.
We are still in the early stages of understanding the impact of digital-based learning on the development of children's reading brains. Transforming new information into knowledge in the brain requires many connections to abstract reasoning skills. ____16____
Check yourself. Do you often read the first line of a page and zig-zag to the bottom Or read the first line, middle section and end ____17____The consequences of these losses are far-reaching, from decreasing sympathy to critical analysis.
____18____Yet they thought themselves better on screens because they were “faster”. More than 80% of college educators see a “shallowing” effect by screens on their students' deeper understanding. Even three-year-olds appear less able to deal with more abstract material when listening to stories on screens versus books.
The reasons are multiple, but they are not because deep reading is impossible on a screen. It is simply harder, because screens are associated with distraction (分心) ____19____.
The great challenge now is to learn how to use both print and digital mediums to their best advantage for all. ____20____Whether the books are new or old, owned or borrowed from the library, doesn't matter. What matters is that they are there, and that children are encouraged to read them furthermore, books — not digital devices — should be the only reading option in children's bedrooms.
A. That in turn leads to less time allocated to abstract thought.
B. We must ensure that there are always books next to children's digital devices.
C. Traditional books should have a central place in reading practices.
D. And those connections require the kinds of time and attention often absent in digital reading.
E. Digital reading can't compare with reading books in print in many aspects.
F. What is lost lies between the lines: details in plot, the beauty of an author's language.
G. Readers' comprehension is declining when they read on screens rather than print.
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. G 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了实用电子产品读书会产生的影响。
【16题详解】
由上一句“Transforming new information into knowledge in the brain requires many connections to abstract reasoning skills. (将新信息转化为大脑中的知识需要许多与抽象推理技能的联系)”可知，上文讲到了相关“联系”在新信息转化为大脑中知识的作用，下文应该还会对“联系”进行进一步说明，D项中connections与前文connections相互照应，承接上文，D选项“而这些联系需要的时间和注意力往往在数字阅读中缺失。”切题。故选D项。
【17题详解】
由上两句“Do you often read the first line of a page and zig-zag to the bottom Or read the first line, middle section and end (你经常读一页的第一行，然后曲折地读到底部吗？或者读第一行，中间部分和结尾)”和下一句“The consequences of these losses are far-reaching, from decreasing sympathy to critical analysis. (这些损失的后果是深远的，从减少同情到批判分析)”可知，本段主要讲读者经常跳着阅读，因此错过了很多中间行，造成了一定的后果，初步推测空白处应该填写中间行缺失的是什么，F项中lost与后文的losses呼应，承接上下文，F选项“字里行间失去的是：情节的细节，作家语言的美。”切题。故选F项。
【18题详解】
由下三句“Yet they thought themselves better on screens because they were “faster”. More than 80% of college educators see a “shallowing” effect by screens on their students' deeper understanding. Even three-year-olds appear less able to deal with more abstract material when listening to stories on screens versus books. (但他们认为自己在屏幕上阅读更好，因为他们“更快”。超过80%的大学教育工作者认为屏幕对学生更深层次的理解有“浅薄”的影响。与书本相比，即使是三岁的孩子在屏幕上听故事时，似乎也不太能处理更抽象的材料)”可知，空白处位于段首，空白处后一句使用Yet开头，为转折，“因为很快他们认为自己在屏幕上阅读更好”，因此说明实际情况并非如此，段首句应为对实际情况的阐述，由超过80%的大学教育工作者所认为的可知，屏幕阅读使读者的理解力下降，承接下文，G选项“当读者在屏幕上阅读而不是在印刷品上阅读时，他们的理解力正在下降。”切题。故选G项。
【19题详解】
由上两句“The reasons are multiple, but they are not because deep reading is impossible on a screen. It is simply harder, because screens are associated with distraction (原因是多方面的，但并不是因为在屏幕上不可能进行深度阅读。这更难，因为屏幕会分散注意力)”可知，空白处位于段尾，应该是一个总结或是一个推导结果，这一段是对上一段（抽象思维理解能力减弱）的原因分析，提到抽象思维减弱的原因，所以最后总结这些会导致分配给抽象思维的时间减少，承接上文，A选项“这反过来又导致了分配给抽象思想的时间更少。”切题。故选A项。
【20题详解】
由上一句“The great challenge now is to learn how to use both print and digital mediums to their best advantage for all. (现在最大的挑战是学习如何使用印刷和数字媒体，使其对所有人都有最大的好处)”和下两句“Whether the books are new or old, owned or borrowed from the library, doesn't matter. What matters is that they are there, and that children are encouraged to read them furthermore, books — not digital devices — should be the only reading option in children's bedrooms. (无论这些书是新的还是旧的，是从图书馆借来的还是自己拥有的，都无关紧要。重要的是，它们在那里，孩子们被鼓励阅读它们；此外，书籍——而不是数字设备——应该是孩子们卧室里唯一的阅读选择)”可知，这里主要说明，我们必须要教导我们的孩子合理结合电子阅读和纸质阅读，在孩子的电子设备面前，我们必须要放上纸质的书，无论这个纸质的书是新的，旧的，借的还是自己拥有的，二者的有机结合最重要，承接上下文，B选项“我们必须确保儿童数字设备旁边总是有书籍。”切题。故选B项。
第三部分 语言运用(共四节，满分55分)
第一节 完形填空 (总分15分,共15题,每题1分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填空白处的最佳选项。
I’ve been working as a UN Peacekeeper in the Central African Republic for the past two years. Before this, I was a pilot and I ____21____ my work. However, I felt it was my duty to help innocent people who are caught in trouble, so I ____22____ the United Nations.
The Central African Republic is a relatively small country. Since it got ____23____ from France in the 1950s, there have been many violent conflicts between the government and rebels (反叛者). In 2012, a civil war began, due to which, over one million people were forced to ____24____ their homes and there were many deaths and injuries. ____25____, the United Nations established a peacekeeping ____26____ in the country.
We peacekeepers ____27____ cities and villages to ____28____ that no conflict is occurring and help bring supplies of food and medicine. We are a ____29____ that can keep people in conflict apart.
As a woman, I am particularly ____30____ as I can act as a role model for many women and girls in the country. When they see how others respect me, they feel that they also ____31____ to be respected and treated ____32____.
My life is not ____33____ in any way! It’s long hours in a very tough environment. I have basic ____34____ with just a bed in a shared room. Of course being away from my family and friends is also very hard at times. However, I know that the Central African Republic is safer because of the UN Peacekeepers, and that makes it all ____35____.
21. A. hated B. enjoyed C. guarded D. changed
22. A. gave in to B. looked up to C. kept up with D. signed up with
23. A. treatment B. technology C. independence D. inspiration
24. A. flee B. return C. sweep D. tend
25. A. In turn B. In surprise C. In response D. In addition
26. A. measure B. reputation C. business D. mission
27. A. follow B. expand C. monitor D. block
28. A. ensure B. prove C. report D. predict
29. A. bridge B. barrier C. castle D. shelter
30. A. protected B. trusted C. valued D. doubted
31. A. deserve B. prefer C. plan D. fail
32. A. gently B. equally C. seriously D. honestly
33. A. boring B. rewarding C. difficult D. fancy
34. A. association B. accommodation C. administration D. adaptation
35. A. available B. ambitious C. worthwhile D. educational
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者介绍了自己作为联合国维和人员在中非共和国工作的经历。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在此之前，我是一名飞行员，我喜欢我的工作。A. hated憎恨，厌恶；B. enjoyed喜欢；C. guarded保卫；D. changed改变。根据下文的转折“However, I felt it was my duty to help innocent people”可知，作者之前是一名飞行员，虽然喜欢这份工作，但是觉得自己有责任去帮助别人，所以成为了联合国的维和人员，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，我觉得这是我的责任，帮助无辜的人陷入困境，所以我和联合国签约了。A. gave in to让步于；B. looked up to崇拜；C. kept up with跟上；D. signed up with签约。根据句意及文章首句“I’ve been working as a UN Peacekeeper in the Central African Republic for the past two years.(过去两年，我一直在中非共和国担任联合国维和人员)”可知，作者觉得有责任帮助陷入困境的人，所以和联合国签约，成为了维和人员，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从20世纪50年代从法国独立以来，政府和叛军之间发生了许多暴力冲突。A. treatment对待，治疗；B. technology技术；C. independence独立；D. inspiration灵感。根据“between the government and rebels”可知，中非共和国获得独立以后内乱不断，故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2012年，一场内战爆发，100多万人被迫逃离家园，造成多人伤亡。A. flee逃跑，逃离；B. return返回；C. sweep打扫；D. tend照顾。根据“a civil war began”可知，内战爆发，人民被迫背井离乡，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：作为回应，联合国在该国建立了一个维和使团。A. In turn反过来；B. In surprise惊讶地；C. In response作为回应；D. In addition此外。根据语境及空后“the United Nations established a peacekeeping ____6____ in the country.”可知，作为对中非共和国内战的回应，联合国建立了一个维和使团，故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. measure措施；B. reputation名声；C. business生意；D. mission官方使团，代表团。结合语境可知，联合国在南非建立了一个维和使团，故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们维和人员监测城市和村庄，以确保没有冲突发生，并帮助运送食品和药品。A. follow跟随；B. expand扩大；C. monitor监视；D. block阻碍。根据语境及“cities and villages”可知，维和人员监测各个城市和村庄，以防发生冲突，故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. ensure确保；B. prove证明；C. report报道；D. predict预测。根据“no conflict is occurring and help bring supplies of food and medicine”可知，维和人员的任务是确保没有冲突发生，并帮助运送食品和药品，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们是把冲突中的人们隔离开来的屏障。A. bridge桥梁；B. barrier屏障； C. castle城堡；D. shelter避难所。根据“that can keep people in conflict apart”可知，此处指“我们是把冲突中的人们隔离开来的屏障”，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名女性，我尤其受到重视，因为我可以成为该国许多妇女和女孩的榜样。A. protected保护；B. trusted信任；C. valued重视，珍视；D. doubted怀疑。根据下一句中“When they see how others respect me”可知，作者身为女性受到尊重，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她们看到别人如何尊重我时，她们觉得自己也应该得到尊重和平等对待。A. deserve应得；B. prefer更喜欢；C. plan计划；D. fail失败。根据“I can act as a role model for many women and girls in the country(因为我可以成为该国许多妇女和女孩的榜样)”可知，当地女性看到作者备受尊重，她们觉得自己也应该受到尊重，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. gently温柔地；B. equally平等地；C. seriously认真地；D. honestly诚实地。根据语境及“to be respected”可知，她们认为自己也应该得到尊重和平等对待，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的生活一点也不奢华！A. boring令人厌倦的；B. rewarding有益的，值得做的；C. difficult困难的；D. fancy精致的。根据下一句“It’s long hours in a very tough environment.(工作时间长，环境恶劣)”可知，作者的生活一点也不奢华，故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有基本的住宿，只有一张床和别人合住。A. association协会，联系；B. accommodation住处，住宿；C. administration管理；D. adaptation适应。根据“with just a bed in a shared room”可知，此处是描述住宿条件，故选B。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我知道，由于联合国维和部队的存在，中非共和国更加安全，这一切都是值得的。A. available可获得的；B. ambitious雄心勃勃的；C. worthwhile值得的；D. educational有教育意义的。结合本句的转折“However, I know that the Central African Republic is safer because of the UN Peacekeepers”可知，虽然生活条件艰苦，但是看到中非共和国更加安全，作者觉得很值得，故选C。
第二节 短文填空 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Breakfast starts your metabolism (新陈代谢), helping you burn calories throughout the day. It also gives you the energy you need to get things____36____(do) and helps you focus at work or at school. Those are just a few reasons why it's the most important meal of the day.
Many studies have linked eating breakfast to good health, including better memory and____37____(concentrate) and lower chances of getting diabetes, heart disease, and being overweight. It's hard to know, though, if breakfast____38____(contribute) to these healthy habits or if people____39____eat it have healthier lifestyles.____40____it is clear that____41____(skip) the morning meal can throw off your body's rhythm (节奏) of fasting and eating. When you wake up, the blood sugar your body needs to make your muscles and brain work their best is usually low. If your body doesn't get that fuel from food, you may feel a lack____42____energy, and you'll be more likely____43____(overeat) later in the day.
Breakfast also gives you a chance to get in some vitamins and nutrients from healthy foods like grains, fruits, and so on. Many people skip the morning meal because they're rushing to get out of the door. That's a mistake. You need food in your system long____44____lunchtime. If you don't eat first thing, you may get so_____45_____(hunger) later on that you snack on high-fat, high-sugar foods.
【答案】36 done
37. concentration
38. contributes
39. who/that
40. But 41. skipping
42. of 43. to overeat
44. before 45. hungry
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了吃早餐的重要性。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它也会给你完成事情所需的能量，帮助你专注于工作或学习。短语get sth done让某事被做。故填done。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：许多研究表明，吃早餐与健康有关，包括更好的记忆力和注意力，降低患糖尿病、心脏病和超重的几率。and前是名词memory，and连接两个并列的名词，concentration“注意力”，抽象名词，不可数。故填concentration。
【38题详解】
考查主谓一致。句意：不过，我们很难知道早餐是否有助于养成这些健康的习惯，或者吃早餐的人是否拥有更健康的生活方式。此处为从句谓语动词，结合语境可知用一般现在时，主语breakfast是抽象概念，不可数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填contributes。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：不过，我们很难知道早餐是否有助于养成这些健康的习惯，或者吃早餐的人是否拥有更健康的生活方式。句中先行词为people在定语从句中作主语，指人，所以关系代词who/that引导。故填who/that。
【40题详解】
考查连词。句意：但很明显，不吃早餐会打乱你身体的禁食和进食节奏。前文提到不确定早餐能否有助于养成健康习惯，本句讲不吃早餐一定对身体不好，前后转折。故填But。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：但很明显，不吃早餐会打乱你身体的禁食和进食节奏。本句是用动名词作主语。故填skipping。
【42题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：如果你的身体不能从食物中获取能量，你可能会感到缺乏能量，之后你很可能会吃得过多。短语a lack of意为“缺少……”。故填of。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你的身体不能从食物中获取能量，你可能会感到缺乏能量，之后你很可能会吃得过多。短语be likely to do意为很可能做某事。故填to overeat。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：早在午餐时间之前，你的身体就需要食物了。前文“Many people skip the morning meal because they're rushing to get out of the door. That's a mistake.（许多人不吃早餐是因为他们急于出门。这是一个错误。）”说明不可以忽略早餐，身体在吃午餐前就需要食物。故填before。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：如果你不吃早餐，之后你可能会非常饿，所以你会把高脂肪、高糖的食物当作零食。短语get +adj.变得……。故填hungry。
第三节 单句语法填空 (共10小题，每题1分，满分10分)
46. Their relationship has reached the point ________ they have to divorce. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】where
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们的关系已经到了不得不离婚的地步。如果定语从句的先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词并且在从句中作状语，应用关系副词where引导定语从句，这一类的名词有point/situation/case/stage/atmpsphere,etc。此处为定语从句，修饰先行词point，从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。
47. He is such a person ________is respected by all of us. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】as
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他是我们大家都尊敬的人。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a person，先行词在定语从句中作主语，而且前面有such修饰，所以需要关系代词as引导定语从句。故选as。
48. The building ________ roof you can see from here is a new restaurant. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whose
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：从这里你可以看到屋顶的那栋楼是一家新餐馆。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the building。先行词在定语从句中作定语，所以用关系代词whose引导定语从句。故填whose。
49. Those ________ want to go please sign their names here. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】who
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：想去的人请在这里签名。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Those，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。
50. This is the second school ________ I used to work at, and many students there still have contact with me. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是我过去工作的第二所学校，那里的许多学生仍然与我有联系。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词school，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作at的宾语，且先行词前有序数词修饰，只能使用关系代词that引导从句。故填that。
51. The musician along with his band members ________ (give) ten performances in the last three months. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】has given
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这位音乐家和他的乐队成员在过去三个月里进行了十场演出。根据时间状语in the last three months可知，应用现在完成时。主语The musician为单数，along with连接并列谓语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持主谓一致，助动词使用has。故填has given。
52. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ________ (rise) since 1990. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has risen
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自1990年以来，在中国大学就读的外国留学生人数就已经上升了。根据since 1990可知，此处使用现在完成时。主语为the number of+名词，因此谓语动词要用单数形式。故填has risen。
53. Up to now, the novel ____________(translate) into many languages and is known all over the world. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has been translated
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，这本小说已经被翻译成许多语言，闻名全世界。根据Up to now可知，本句是现在完成时。由于translate与主语the novel是被动关系，因此要用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been translated。
54. Since your bike_________________( repair), you can use mine. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】is being repaired
【解析】
【详解】考查现在进行时态的被动语态。句意：因为你的自行车正在被修理，你可以骑我的车子，表示正在被修用现在进行时的被动语态，故填is being repaired。
55. It was a long time ________ she recovered from the operation. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】before
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：过了很长时间她才从手术中恢复过来。根据空前“It was a long time”可知，本题考查句型“It was long time+before……”，意为“过了很长时间后才……”，before引导时间状语从句。故填before。
第四节 完成句子(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
56. Zhang Sanfeng was said ________ ________ ________tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird.
据说是张三丰从鸟和蛇的搏斗中获得灵感，发明了太极拳。
【答案】 ①. to ②. have ③. invented
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。根据句意可知，本题考查固定句型“sb./sth. is/was said to do”，意为“据说……”。根据语境可知，据说张三丰发明了太极拳，表明“发明”这个动作已经完成，所以此处需要动词不定式的完成式。故填①to②have③invented。
57. It took 500 workers 100 days to build the fine model, ________ ________ ________the thousands of props inside.
为了制作这个精致的模型, 500名工人用了100天，更不要说内部还有成千上万的道具了。
【答案】 ①. not ②. to ③. mention
【解析】
【详解】考查动词不定式。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要not to mention。not to mention是不定式分句，做连接性状语，表示意义的增补，意为“更不用说”。故填①not②to③mention。
58. My lecture today may not be able to ________ ________ ________all the work people have done behind the scenes.
我今天的讲座可能无法对所有的幕后工作者都给予公正的评价。
【答案】 ①. do ②. justice ③. to
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意可知，空处需要短语do justice to“给 …以公道的评价，公平对待”。空前为动词不定式符号to，所以第一个空的动词用原形。故填①do②justice③to。
59. ________ ________ some tai chi moves are named after animals.
难怪，一些太极的动作是以动物而命名的。
【答案】 ①. No ②. wonder
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。根据汉语提示可知，本句话考查固定句型“(It is) no wonder (that)……”，意为“难怪……”,其中that引导主语从句。该句型常省略It is和that，只剩下“no wonder+句子”的结构。故填①No②wonder。
60. With these requirements in mind, I found ________ ________ ________ that my balance and flexibility slowly improved.
让我欣慰的是，记住太极拳的这些要求后，我发现自己的平衡性和柔韧性慢慢有所改善。
【答案】 ①. to ②. my ③. satisfaction
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意可知，空处考查固定短语to one’s satisfaction“令某人欣慰的是，令某人满意的是”。句子的主语为I，所以one’s需要替换成形容词性物主代词my。故填①to②my③satisfaction。
61. Eventually, tai chi ________ ________ a state of physical balance and mental peace.
最终，太极拳带来了身体平衡和心态平和的状态。
【答案】 ①. brings ②. about
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。结合句意“带来”可知，短语为bring about，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为tai chi，谓语用三单形式。故填①brings；②about。
62. Remember to drink________ ________to make up for water lost to sweat.
记住运动时全程都要喝水，以弥补流汗所造成的水分流失。
【答案】 ①. throughout ②. exercise
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要介词throughout“自始至终;贯穿整个时期”，后面接名词exercise“运动”作介词的宾语。throughout exercise“运动的整个过程中”。故填①through②exercise。
63. Another aspect I ________ ________ ________ ________ is visual effects.
另一个我认为很重要的方面就是视觉特效。
【答案】 ①. attach ②. great ③. importance ④. to
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和时态。根据句意可知，空处应用动词短语attach great importance to，表示“认为……很重要”，I attach great importance to是定语从句，修饰another aspect，根据句中is可知，句子描述一般性事实，用一般现在时，从句主语是I，谓语动词应用原形形式。故填①attach；②great；③importance； ④to。
64. Today, I’ll give you a brief introduction to some aspects of film-making you might not ________ ________ ________.
今天，我将就电影制作中你们可能不太熟悉的一些方面做一个简单的介绍。
【答案】 ①. be ②. familiar ③. with
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意可知，空处应用固定短语be familiar with，表示“熟悉……”，情态动词might not后接动词原形形式。故填①be；②familiar；③with。
65. Hopefully, next time you go to the cinema, you’ll ________ ________ ________ ________ all those talented people behind the scenes.
希望下次你们看电影时，能想一想所有幕后那些才华出众的人们。
【答案】 ①. spare ②. a ③. thought ④. for
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。根据句意可知，空处应用动词短语spare a thought for，表示“想一想”，空处应用动词原形形式，与空前的will构成一般将来时。故填①spare；②a；③thought；④for。
第四部分 应用文写作(满分15分)
66. 6月5日是“世界环境保护日”，李平和他的同学经过讨论，觉得有必要写一封倡议书，呼吁人们齐心协力，保护环境，提出有效的保护措施。
注意:1.词数80词左右。
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Nowadays, the damage to the environment is getting serious. It’s high time we take some measures to protect the environment.
To begin with, some useful garbage should be recycled, while the harmful things should be put in a safe place. Besides, we should stop using wooden chopsticks and throwing garbage everywhere, doing our best to take good care of the environment. Moreover, it’s a good idea to make full use of natural resources, or we will be in great danger very soon.
Protecting the environment will benefit ourselves. Please take action and cherish the environment more!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封倡议书，呼吁人们齐心协力，保护环境，提出有效的保护措施。
【详解】1.词汇积累
否则：or→otherwise
此外：besides→in addition
停止：stop→cease
充分利用：make full use of→make the best of
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Protecting the environment will benefit ourselves.
拓展句：It is protecting the environment that will benefit ourselves.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It’s high time we take some measures to protect the environment.（运用了虚拟语气）
【高分句型2】Moreover, it’s a good idea to make full use of natural resources, or we will be in great danger very soon.（运用了it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语）
