2023学年第一学期高三年级期终学业质量调研
英语学科 试卷
考生注意：
1．本试卷共12页。满分140分。考试时间120分钟。
2．答题前，考生务必在答题卡（纸）上用钢笔或水笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号，并用铅笔正确涂写准考证号。
3．答案必须全部涂写在答题卡（纸）上。如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上也一律不给分。
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. A policewoman. B. A waitress. C. A flight attendant. D. A pilot.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Excuse me, sir, we’re about to land. Please remain seated and fasten your seat belt.
M: Thank you for your notice.
Q: What is probably the woman
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. At 5:30. B. At 5:35. C. At 6:00. D. At 6:05.
【答案】D
【解析】
【原文】M: Oh no! It’s 5:30. The train is leaving in 5 minutes.
W: According to the announcer, it is delayed 30 minutes due to the heavy snow.
Q: When will the train leave
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Confusing. B. Enjoyable. C. Relaxing. D. Boring.
【答案】D
【解析】
【原文】M: Professor Smith’s lecture is anything but interesting. I can’t help yawning every time I’m listening.
W: Seriously I think he is very knowledgeable and I really enjoy attending his class.
Q: What does the man think of the lecture
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. The play started early. B. She went back to get her ticket.
C. Tom walked with her to the bus stop. D. It was a long way from the theatre.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey, Jane, what took you so long The play is already on.
W: Sorry, Tom. When I got on the bus, I realized I’d left my ticket at home. I had to go back.
Q: Why is Jane late
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Preparing his school project. B. Catching the school bus.
C. Making the final touch on the food. D. Handing in his homework.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Tom, rise and shine! Come on down, or your breakfast will be cold and you’ll miss the school bus.
M: Just a second. Let me put the final touch on my school project. I must hand it in today.
Q: What’s Tom doing
6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Return the dog to her relative. B. Place a ban on dogs.
C. Clean her apartment. D. Stay with her relative.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Mary just got a little dog from one of her relatives.
M: Really But I hear her apartment building is about to place a ban on pet animals.
Q: What should Mary do
7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Find another scale. B. Develop a fitness routine.
C. Try another workout programme. D. Wait for the right time to exercise.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: I’ve done everything I can. Running, swimming, going on a diet… But the number on the scale doesn’t go down!
W: Maybe you should stick to whatever method you’re trying for a longer time, like a month instead of a week.
Q: What does the woman suggest the man do
8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. The mall must be overcrowded.
B. It’s hard to find the way in the mall.
C. They should come to the mall some other day.
D. They can get into the mall through the south gate.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: We’ll never find a parking space here. What about dropping you at the south gate and I’ll find parking somewhere else.
W: Well, OK. It looks like everyone in town has come to the mall today.
Q: What does the woman mean
9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Tony hopes to change his role in the play.
B. Tony lacks confidence in playing the part.
C. Professor Wright will help Tony remember the lines.
D. Professor Wright will give Tony hints during the show.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Professor Wright, you may have to find another student to play this role. The lines are so long and I simply can’t remember them all.
W: Look, Tony. There’s still time. I don’t expect you to know all the lines yet. Just keep practicing.
Q: What can we infer from the conversation
10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. It was quite easy for them to climb Huashan.
B. The man went to Huashan during the summer vacation.
C. The woman didn’t reach all the mountain tops of Huashan.
D. The weather was just fine when the woman climbed Huashan.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I heard that you climbed Huashan during the summer holidays. How was the trip
W: If it hadn’t rained, I would have set foot on all of the five peaks.
Q: What can we learn from the conversation
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11.
A. Making the wearer feel tired.
B. Gradually weakening an adult’s eyes.
C. The loss of vision in children.
D. Permanent change of the eye structure.
12.
A. Working hard. B. Wearing sunglasses.
C. Watching TV in poor light. D. Reading in bed.
13.
A. Ways of choosing eye glasses.
B. Suggestions of eyesight protection.
C. Untruths of eye glasses and eyesight.
D. Proven facts of the benefits of eye glasses.
【答案】11. C 12. D 13. C
【解析】
【原文】There are many commonly held beliefs about eye glasses and eyesight that are not proven facts. For instance, some people believe that wearing glasses too early weakens the eyes. But there is no evidence to show that the structure of eyes is changed by wearing glasses at a young age. Wearing the wrong glasses, however, can prove harmful. Studies show that for adults there is no danger, but children can develop loss of vision if they have glasses inappropriate for their eyes.
Most people believe that reading in poor light causes poor eyesight, but that is untrue. Too little light makes the eyes work harder, so they do get tired. Eye tiredness also results from reading a lot, reading in bed, and watching too much television. However, although eye tiredness may cause some pain or headaches, it does not permanently damage eyesight. Another false statement about eyes is that they can be replaced, or transferred from one person to another. But if we keep clearing up the incorrect understanding and learning more about the eyes, someday a full transplant may be possible.
Questions:
11. What harm can wearing wrong eye glasses cause
12. What may cause eye tiredness
13. What is the passage mainly about
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14.
A. By reviewing new words every day.
B. By studying the usage of the new word at night.
C. By connecting the new word with the “old” ones.
D. By applying the new word to daily conversations.
15.
A. Desire to learn a new language. B. Anxiety to visit a community.
C. Eagerness to have more sleep. D. Wish to be connected.
16.
A. Roles of dreams in school life.
B Right attitudes towards language learning.
C. Connections between dreams and language learning.
D. Effective ways to memorize foreign language vocabulary.
【答案】14. C 15. A 16. C
【解析】
【原文】Have you ever dreamt a multilingual dream That is a dream in more than one language. It is often said that if we dream in a foreign language, it’s a sign that we are making progress in learning that language. But is it true First, let’s look at sleep. The link between sleep and language can be applied to how we learn any language, including our mother tongue. Even adults still learn about one new word every two days in their first language, but, if we are going to have a firm grasp of that new word, we need to link it to our existing knowledge. And in order to do that, we “need to have some sleep”. It’s during sleep that the combination of old and new knowledge happens. The role that dreams play in this night-time learning process is still being studied, but it’s entirely possible that during multilingual dreams, the brain is trying to connect two languages. Having multilingual dreams could also have an emotional significance. Researchers suggest that multilingual dreams can express “fears and desires” around learning a foreign language, including the wish to be a native-like speaker or to be accepted within a certain community. We clearly still have a lot to learn about multilingual dreams, but one thing seems certain: if you’re trying to learn a new language, you should definitely sleep on it.
Questions:
14. According to the passage, how can we have a firm grasp of a new word
15. What kind of emotion can multilingual dreams tell
16. What is the passage mainly about
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. A. 13 years. B. 17 years. C. 20 years. D. 24 years.
18.
A. The pressure from his competitors.
B. The high expectation from his parents.
C. The unforgettable matches he played on court.
D. The prizes he received from winning the championships.
19.
A. Because he had an operation but got well soon.
B. Because he didn’t have enough rest before the match.
C. Because his family and team gave him a lot of support.
D. Because his belief and desire to win worked and helped.
20.
A. Talkative and inspiring. B. Talented and determined.
C. Modest and humorous. D. Optimistic and realistic.
【答案】17. D 18. A 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello everyone. This is Face-to-Face from Radio 1. With us today is the legendary tennis player Roger Federer. Welcome, Mr. Federer.
M: Thank you for having me here.
W: So, Mr. Federer, we all know that you retired at the age of 41. How long did your professional tennis career last
M: Well, I picked up the racket when I was 3 and turned professional at the age of 17.
W: That’s a really long time. It’s interesting to note that you were also on the junior national football team. Why did you choose tennis in the end Did your parents have a say in your decision
M: I have to say, no. They didn’t have too much expectation on me, but they always support my decision. I found myself more into tennis when I was 13. And here I am.
W: A wise decision. Throughout your career, you played more than 1,500 matches. What kept you going
M: I always believe that I was given a special talent. I became a top 100 player in just seven months. Also, my competitors on court pushed me so hard that I had to keep on bettering my skills to win as many matches as I could. The support from my amazing family, team and friends was another reason.
W: Then, what’s your most unforgettable match
M: It was the 2017 Australian Open. At that time, I hadn’t trained for almost 6 months because of my severe knee injury. I received an operation and it took me a long time to recover. I hadn’t expected that I would make it to the final and win my title.
W: Amazing! How did you do that
M: I guess it was my firm belief and desire to win that helped me along the journey. As I always say, if you believe, you can go really far in your life. And on the tennis court, that is to win the championship.
W: Indeed. So sad that our time is up. Thank you, Mr. Federer.
Questions:
17. How long did Roger Federer’s professional career last
18. What motivated Federer to keep on playing tennis
19. Why was the 2017 Australian Open most unforgettable to Federer
20. Which of the following best describes Federer
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The Sisterhood of the Traveling Diary
Kyra Peralte thought keeping a diary might help her sort out her troubled feelings. In April 2020, the mother of two in New Jersey, started writing about the challenges of handling work, marriage and motherhood during a global crisis.
Writing released emotions, but Peralte, now 46, wanted to know how other women were doing. So she made an unusual offer. She invited women from near and far to fill the ___21___ (remain) lined pages of her notebook with their own stories. She named the project The Traveling Diary.
So many wanted to participate ___22___ Peralte decided to create a website () for people to add their names to the queue. She came up with a system: each person ___23___ (get) to keep the diary for three days and fills as many pages as she wishes. Then she is responsible for mailing it to the next person.
So far, more than 2,000 women from 30 countries ___24___ (participate). Of course, not all those entries could fit in just one journal. More than 50 of these notebooks are currently ___25___ use. About 20 completed ones are back in Peralte’s possession.
Each participant fills the pages with her own handwriting, narrating her experiences, recounting obstacles she faced, and sharing ___26___ (learn) lessons.
Kirsty Nicol, 31 from London, received the journal in March 2021. She said reading the entries allowed her to transport her into the lives of ___27___ and find bits of wisdom they left.
One such pearl came from a woman in Australia. She had written: “Working with the setbacks. Not against them. Patience and gratitude. It’s a dance. Life is moving and we ___28___ stamp our feet in rejection, or we can gracefully embrace the mess, tidying as we go.”
“It has really evolved into a community,” Peralte says. She sends participants a weekly newsletter and often hosts online meetings so the women get the chance to get to know one another more, share stories and feel ___29___ (distant). Some of the women, she says, have even become close friends. Her spontaneous idea, she says, has had a profound effect on the women ___30___ were part of it. “The Traveling Diary is making sisters out of strangers.” She says.
【答案】21. remaining
22. that 23. gets
24. have participated
25. in 26. learned##learnt
27. others 28. can
29. less distant
30. who##that
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了一位名叫Kyra Peralte的女性在日记中写下自己在疫情期间的经历，并且邀请了很多女性加入的经历。
【21题详解】
考查形容词。句意：她邀请远近女性在她的笔记本剩下的横线页面上写下自己的故事。分析句子结构可知，本空填形容词形式remaining“剩下的”，作定语，修饰名词lined pages，故答案为remaining。
【22题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：如此多的人想要参与，以至于 Peralte决定创建一个网站，让人们将他们的名字添加到队列中。根据句意可知，此处要表达“如此……以至于……”这一含义，“so many”意为“如此多的”，因此需要用到“so...that...”这一固定句型，故答案为that。
【23题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：她想出了一个系统：每个人都可以记三天日记，想写多少页就写多少页。根据空后的and fills可知，本空与fills为并列的谓语，且主语为each person，因此get“得到”要用第三人称单数形式，故答案为gets。
【24题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，来自30个国家的2000多名女性参加了这项活动。动词participate意为“参加”。根据so far“到目前为止”可知，此处时态为现在完成时，且主语为more than 2000 women，因此助动词用have。故答案为have participated。
【25题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：目前有50多本笔记本正在使用中。根据句意可知，此处要表达“在使用中”这一含义，in use意为“在使用中”，是固定搭配，因此需要填入介词in。故答案为in。
【26题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：每个参与者都用自己的笔迹填满了书页，讲述了她的经历，叙述了她面临的障碍，并分享了她学到的教训。分析句子结构可知，本空为定语，修饰名词lessons，且lessons与learn“学到”为被动关系，故用过去分词learned或learnt，作定语。故答案为learned或learnt。
【27题详解】
考查代词。句意：她说，阅读这些作品让她进入了别人的生活，找到了他们留下的一些智慧。根据句意可知，此处要表达“别人的”这一含义，故用others，作介词of的宾语。故答案为others。
【28题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：生活在移动，我们可以跺脚拒绝，也可以优雅地拥抱混乱，一边走一边整理。根据空后的or we can和句意可知，此处要表达“可以”这一含义，与后文形成并列，情态动词can意为“可以”。故答案为can。
【29题详解】
考查形容词。句意：她每周给参与者发一份时事通讯，并经常主持在线会议，这样女性就有机会进一步了解彼此，分享故事，感觉不那么疏远。根据句意可知，此处要表达“不那么疏远”这一含义，故distant“遥远的，不友好的”用less distant，作表语。故答案为less distant。
【30题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：她说，她的自发想法对参与其中的女性产生了深远的影响。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the women，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。故填who或that。
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. carved B. unknowingly C. ecosystem D. artificial E. elemental F. changing G. practically H. wrinkled I. unmoving J. species K. inspection
Magical Creatures: AN APPRECIATION OF AUTUMN MOTH (蛾)
Moths seem to have a bit of a bad reputation: to some they are ill indications or something scary, to others they are dull in comparison to our well-loved butterflies. But moths are an essential part of a(n) ___31___, and important food sources for species like birds and bats. And for me, moths are far from dull.
My first meeting with an Angle Shades moth was nearly a non-encounter. I almost passed by without noticing it, thinking it was a fallen leaf on a fence post. But there was something about it that stopped me in my tracks. Its angular shape perhaps Or the way it sat, ___32___, despite the breeze. Closer ___33___ revealed cream and buff shell-shaped wings, painted with triangles of light pink and brown. Suddenly, it transformed from a(n) ___34___ leaf into a living thing before my eyes. I’ve been fascinated ever since.
The Canary-shouldered Thorn, with its hairy buttercup-coloured body and yellow and orange wings, reminds me of a fallen silver birch (白桦树) leaf. A night-flyer, it favours gardens and woodlands, and is often drawn to ___35___ light, meaning that your torch beam may be attracting moths as well as lighting your way in the dark. It’s also worth double-checking any leaves in farm houses, as these sheltered spots are a favourite hiding place of another overwintering ___36___: the Herald moth. This elegant creature’s beautiful wings look as though they’ve been ___37___ by hand and painted with bronze.
There’s more to these imitators than fallen leaves. The Green-spotted Crescent, which ___38___ disappears on rough branches, has metallic green spots integrating with the moss (苔藓). Maybe I’ve already ___39___ crossed paths with one, though. As we dig out our big coats and slip on boots for walks beneath branches, how many moths are we missing These clever creatures aren’t bad indications, but ___40___ parts of nature, with a gift for fancy-dress.
【答案】31. C 32. I
33. K 34. H
35. D 36. J
37. A 38. G
39. B 40. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了飞蛾这种生物，飞蛾是生态系统的重要组成部分，也是鸟类和蝙蝠等物种的重要食物来源。介绍了作者眼中飞蛾的有趣之处。
31题详解】
考查名词。句意：但飞蛾是生态系统的重要组成部分，也是鸟类和蝙蝠等物种的重要食物来源。根据“important food sources for species like birds and bats”以及句意“生态系统”可知应填名词ecosystem，作宾语，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词。句意：还有它坐着不动的样子，尽管有风。根据“despite the breeze”以及句意“不动”可知应填unmoving，为形容词作状语，故选I。
【33题详解】
考查名词。句意：仔细观察会发现奶油色和水蓝色的贝壳状翅膀上绘有浅粉色和棕色的三角形。根据“revealed cream and buff shell-shaped wings”以及句意“观察”可知应填名词inspection，作主语，故选K。
【34题详解】
考查形容词。句意：突然，它从一片皱巴巴的叶子变成了一个活生生的东西。根据“leaf into a living thing before my eyes”以及句意“皱巴巴的”可知应填形容词wrinkled，作定语修饰leaf，故选H。
【35题详解】
考查形容词。句意：夜行鸟，喜欢花园和林地，经常被人造光吸引，这意味着你的火炬光束可能会吸引飞蛾，并在黑暗中照亮你的路。根据“meaning that your torch beam may be attracting moths as well as lighting your way in the dark.”以及句意“人造”可知应填形容词artificial，作定语修饰名词light。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：此外，还要仔细检查农舍里的树叶，因为这些隐蔽的地方是另一种越冬物种——先驱蛾最喜欢的藏身之处。根据“the Herald moth”以及句意“物种”可知应填名词species，作宾语，故选J。
【37题详解】
考查动词。句意：这只优雅的生物美丽的翅膀看起来好像是手工雕刻的，并用青铜涂上了漆。根据“by hand and painted with bronze”以及句意“雕刻”可知应填动词carve，根据上文they’ve been可知为现在完成时的被动语态。故选A。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：绿斑新月翅蝶，几乎消失在粗糙的树枝上，金属绿色的斑点与苔藓融为一体。根据“has metallic green spots integrating with the moss”以及句意“几乎”可知应填副词practically，修饰动词disappear。故选G。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：也许我已经在不知不觉中遇到过这样的飞蛾。根据“crossed paths with one, though”以及句意“不知不觉”可知应填副词unknowingly，修饰动词crossed，故选B。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这些聪明的生物并不是不好的迹象，而是大自然的基本组成部分，具有化妆的天赋。根据“parts of nature”以及句意“基本的”可知应填形容词elemental，作定语修饰parts。故选E。
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
I’m pretty good at sticking with things even when they get hard. Bad relationships unpleasant workplaces, ___41___ sports — I’ve hung on for months and even years longer than I should have, convinced the situation would ___42___ if I refused to give up.
After all, isn’t every success story littered with ___43___ Didn’t Beyoncé lose Star Search, and didn’t Oprah get fired from her first TV job Quitting is a sign that you lack patience and strong will, or so I was raised to believe.
___44___, if I look back on all the things I eventually quit, my only regret is that I didn’t do it sooner. I’ve wasted immeasurable time and energy dragging my heels, determined that I could ___45___ everyone if I just kept going.
All of us are constantly making tricky choices between going further into familiar territory and ___46___ to expand our horizons. This is known as the exploration-exploitation trade-off. When we are younger, it’s advantageous to go far on the side of exploration, trying lots of new things because we have plenty of time to ___47___ later. But as we age, it’s often smarter to double down.
Of course, this doesn’t mean you shouldn’t quit something just because you’ve put a lot of time into it. Economists call this the sunk cost fallacy (谬误): People are more likely to ___48___ something if they’ve invested a lot of money or effort into it, even when it’s clear that they should ___49___ their losses and jump ship. This practice is normal and ___50___, but it’s also unreasonable. If an activity or relationship is making you miserable, that’s important information you shouldn’t ignore.
If you don’t get energy out of doing something, it can be a(n) ___51___ that this is not for you or that there’s something better you could be doing. Or it could be a sign that you should ___52___ your goals. Maybe your yogurt startup might not win over investors, but you could still make and sell yogurt at the farmers’ market on weekends.
In fact, dogged persistence in the face of energy-sucking disappointment can ___53___ depression, and then make you suffer from diseases in the long run.
But the good news is that people can learn to pay better attention to these moments when they’re happening and make ___54___. The art of quitting isn’t about just letting go whenever there’s an obstacle. It’s about being able to let go when there’s no ___55___ to success anymore.
41. A. engaging B. demanding C. inevitable D. leisure
42. A. worsen B. occur C. improve D. continue
43. A. frustrations B. determinations C. attempts D. inspirations
44. A. Therefore B. Additionally C. For example D. However
45. A. amaze B. scare C. distress D. compliment
46. A. breaking up B. looking up C. standing up D. backing up
47. A. venture B. specialize C. explore D. relax
48. A. benefit from B. approve of C. stick with D. withdraw from
49. A. evaluate B. avoid C. overlook D. cut
50. A. human B. crazy C. sensible D. tricky
51 A. indication B. desire C. occasion D. recognition
52. A. accomplish B. upgrade C. modify D. maintain
53. A. prevent B. trigger C. relieve D. contract
54. A. researches B. choices C. changes D. resolutions
55. A. shortcut B. barrier C. guarantee D. pathway
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. A 46. D 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. A 52. C 53. B 54. C 55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要论证如果人们在某件事上投入了大量的金钱或精力，即使很明显他们应该减少损失，及时停止，但他们还要坚持下去。作者告诉我们要学会调整目标，及时止损。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：糟糕的人际关系，令人不快的工作场所，苛刻的运动——我坚持了几个月甚至几年，比我应该坚持的时间更长，我确信如果我拒绝放弃，情况会有所改善。A. engaging有趣的；B. demanding要求高的，苛刻的；C. inevitable不可避免的；D. leisure闲暇的 。根据上文的“Bad relationships, unpleasant workplaces”可知，作者描述生活中的消极现象，所以是苛刻的运动。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：糟糕的人际关系，令人不快的工作场所，苛刻的运动——我坚持了几个月甚至几年，比我应该坚持的时间更长，我确信如果我拒绝放弃，情况会有所改善。A. worsen恶化；B. occur发生；C. improve改善；D. continue继续。根据下文的“if I refused to give up”可知，作者认为如果不放弃，情况就会改善。故选C项。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，不是每个成功的故事都充满了挫折吗？A. frustrations沮丧；挫败；B. determinations决心；C. attempts尝试；D. inspirations给与灵感的人或物。根据下文“ Didn’t Beyoncé lose Star Search, and didn’t Oprah get fired from her first TV job ”可知，成功都充满挫折。故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查副词词义和短语辨析。句意：然而，如果我回顾我最终放弃的所有事情，我唯一的遗憾是我没有早点放弃。A. Therefore然而；B. Additionally另外；C. For example例如；D. However然而。结合句意可知，本句与上文是转折关系。故选D项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我拖着脚步浪费了不可估量的时间和精力，坚定地认为如果我继续前进，我会让所有人感到惊讶。A. amaze使惊讶；B. scare吓唬；C. distress使苦恼；D. compliment赞美。根据下文“if I just kept going”可知，作者最初认为如果一直坚持，就会取得成功，会让每一个人吃惊。故选A项。
【46题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们所有人都在不断做出艰难的选择，要么深入熟悉的领域，要么后退以扩大视野。A. breaking up关系破裂；B. looking up查阅；C. standing up起立；D. backing up后退。根据上文的“going further ”可知，我们在前进和后退中做艰难的选择。故选D项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们年轻的时候，在探索方面走得更远，尝试很多新事物是有利的，因为我们以后有足够的时间去专门研究。A. venture冒险；B. specialize专门研究；C. explore探索；D. relax放松。根据上文的“When we are younger, it’s advantageous to go far on the side of exploration, trying lots of new things ”可知，年轻时我们要多探索，因为之后我们有时间去专门研究。故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：如果人们在某件事上投入了大量的金钱或精力，即使很明显他们应该减少损失并离船、跳槽，他们也更有可能坚持下去。A. benefit from从……中受益；B. approve of批准；C. stick with坚持；D. withdraw from退出。根据上文“this doesn’t mean you shouldn’t quit something just because you’ve put a lot of time into it.”可知，人们因为自己投入的多，所以不愿放弃，更有可能会坚持下去。故选C项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果人们在某件事上投入了大量的金钱或精力，即使很明显他们应该减少损失并离船、跳槽，他们也更有可能坚持下去。A. evaluate评价；B. avoid避免；C. overlook忽视；D. cut削减。根据上文“Economists call this the sunk cost fallacy”可知，人们应该减少损失，及时止损。故选D项。
【50题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种做法是正常和人性化的，但也不合理。A. human人性化的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. sensible明智的；D. tricky棘手的。根据上文“People are more likely to ____8_____ something if they’ve invested a lot of money or effort into it, even when it’s clear that they should ____9_____ their losses and jump ship ”可知，人们因为投入的多，所以不愿放弃，这是人之常情。故选A项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你没有从做某事中获得能量，这可能表明这不适合你，或者你可以做一些更好的事情。A. indication表明，暗示；B. desire欲望；C. occasion场合；D. recognition识别。根据下文的“Or it could be a sign that ”可知，这是一个暗示。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：或者这可能是一个迹象，表明你应该修改你的目标。A. accomplish完成；B. upgrade升级；C. modify修改；D. maintain保持。根据上文“If you don’t get energy out of doing something ”可知，如果你没有从做某事中获得能量，就应该去修改你的目标。故选C项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，面对消耗能量的失望，顽强的坚持会引发抑郁，从长远来看，还会让你患上疾病。A. prevent阻止；B. trigger触发；C. relieve解除；D. contract缩小。根据下文“ depression, and then make you suffer from diseases in the long run.”可知，这种坚持会引起抑郁，并节日导致疾病。故选B项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但好消息是，人们可以学会更好地关注这些正在发生的时刻，并做出改变。A. researches研究；B. choices选择；C.changes改变；D. resolutions决心。根据上文的“Or it could be a sign that you should ____12____ your goals”可知，人们可以做出改变。故选C项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是在没有成功的通道时能够放手。A. shortcut捷径；B. barrier障碍；C. guarantee保证；D. pathway途径。根据句意以及全文内容可知，在没有通向成功的道路时，人们应该学会放手。故选D项。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
I write this on a spring morning, in the van I have called home for two years now.
From one small window, I have a view of joggers pounding the sunny path by the Oxford Canal, and the other looks onto the busy railway line along which trains travel from Southampton Docks to Birmingham.
The woods where I’ve parked my van have grown up between them. This ancient van, a vehicle designed for freedom and the open road, has proved a stable solution for surviving the current housing crisis.
I became a travel writer after my studies ended, committing to brief “residencies” with museums and art centres—where temporary accommodation is often provided in exchange for producing new work about a community. Over the years that followed, living and working on location in the polar regions or Scandinavia or the Alps, not settling down for very long, meant wherever I landed was always “home”.
During the pandemic it was necessary to adopt a more permanent engagement with locality. Oxford had often drawn me back. It’s a crossroads of reality and the imagination, the perfect city for a writer.
It takes a surprising amount of work to keep a tiny home in order: buying a used van online; ensuring the smooth running of a gas cooker and car batteries; fetching water and emptying the mobile toilet. I began to enjoy taking care of my immediate surroundings. Over the summer, I worked to turn waste-ground into a wild garden, replacing weeds with wild plants.
I made friends with the self-sufficient boaters living nearby, always ready to share knowledge on the low-carbon simplicity of life without electricity. I’ve learnt that comfort can be found away from the bright infrastructure of urban life: in watching the birds that nest in the tree and the foxes playing in the woods at dawn, in making a cup of coffee on a spring morning.
My step away from conventional housing has been a necessary act of personal economy, but the benefits include taking nothing for granted, and unexpected delight.
56. Why did the writer make the van his home
A. Because the feature of the van and that of his occupation are matching.
B. Because the van is equivalent to a crossroads of reality and the imagination.
C. Because the views of joggers and trains outside the van can relieve his pressure.
D. Because living and working on location in the polar regions are appealing to him.
57. What does “immediate surroundings” in Paragraph 6 refer to
A. a used van B. a gas cooker C. a wild garden D. a mobile toilet
58. Which of the following is the benefit of unconventional housing
A. Joining joggers to do exercise. B. Keeping a tiny home in order easily.
C. Improving the economy of Oxford. D. Embracing delightful surprises.
59. What’s the writer’s attitude towards living in the van
A. Cautious. B. Ironical. C. Favorable. D. Neutral.
【答案】56. A 57. C 58. D 59. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者作为旅行作家以面包车为家的体验和感受。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段第二句“This ancient van, a vehicle designed for freedom and the open road, has proved a stable solution for surviving the current housing crisis.”(这辆古老的面包车是为自由和开放道路而设计的，事实证明它是度过当前住房危机的稳定的解决方案。）和第四段“I became a travel writer after my studies ended, committing to brief “residencies” with museums and art centres — where temporary accommodation is often provided in exchange for producing new work about a community.”(学业结束后，我成为了一名旅行作家，致力于在博物馆和艺术中心进行短暂的“驻留”——在那里，通常会提供临时住宿，以换取创作关于社区的新作品。) 可知，面包车自由和开放的特征和作者作为旅行作家的职业是相匹配的。故选A项。
【57题详解】
词句猜测题。由文章第六段最后一句“Over the summer, I worked to turn waste-ground into a wild garden, replacing weeds with wild plants. ”(整个夏天，我努力把荒地变成野生花园，用野生植物代替杂草。）可知，“immediate surroundings”面包车周围的环境指的是a wild garden。故选C项。
【58题详解】
细节理解题。由文章最后一段“My step away from conventional housing has been a necessary act of personal economy, but the benefits include taking nothing for granted, and unexpected delight.”(我远离传统住房是个人经济状况的必要行为，但好处包括从不想当然，以及意想不到的快乐。)可知，住在面包车这种非传统住房里可以随时拥抱令人愉快的惊喜。故选D项。
【59题详解】
观点态度题。由文章倒数第二段“I made friends with the self-sufficient boaters living nearby, always ready to share knowledge on the low-carbon simplicity of life without electricity. I’ve learnt that comfort can be found away from the bright infrastructure of urban life: in watching the birds that nest in the tree and the foxes playing in the woods at dawn, in making a cup of coffee on a spring morning.(我和住在附近的自给自足的船民交了朋友，他们随时准备分享没有电的低碳简单生活的知识。我明白了，远离城市生活明亮的基础设施也能找到舒适:在黎明时看着树上筑巢的鸟儿，在树林里玩耍的狐狸，在春天的早晨泡一杯咖啡。)”和最后一段后半句“the benefits include taking nothing for granted, and unexpected delight.”(好处包括从不想当然，以及意想不到的快乐。)可知，作者对于住在面包车的态度是支持，赞成的。A选项Cautious译为“谨慎的”，B选项Ironical译为“讽刺的”，C选项Favorable译为“支持的，赞成的”，D选项Neutral译为“中立的”。故选C项。
B
Keep Cool Next Summer with These 3 Devices
As we prepare for what could be another hot summer, you may already be feeling the heat. Luckily a range of unusual and clever devices are now available to help make hot summer days more bearable.
The breeze-blowing umbrella
Umbrellas serve a double function, protecting us from rain and sunlight; they also serve as a sort of personal ozone layer. The Fanbrella, which looks and feels just like a conventional umbrella, is perfect for keeping the rain at bay but boasts a delicate fan located underneath the cover, so that you can enjoy fresh cool air while you walk through the summer showers. The fan is small and quiet enough to be unnoticeable yet powerful enough to reduce humidity. Operated by a switch on the handle of the umbrella, it can be activated only when you need it most.
Air conditioned beds
Humid nights are a horrible experience for most people, causing much discomfort and making sleep impossible. Unfortunately, a conventional fan in your bedroom will do little to mitigate your suffering, as humid air is simply blown around the room. An air conditioned bed is the perfect solution! This revolutionary furniture boasts quiet fans at the foot of the bed that help to circulate cool air from the opposite end, so you’re effectively sleeping on an air conditioned bed. With low running costs, summer nights without sleep could be a thing of the past.
The iPhone fan
iPhones are known for getting pretty hot to the touch when you’re using one, but now your smartphone could be the perfect device to help keep the summer heat at bay when you’re working at your desk or on the move. The small plastic fan fits onto the top of your iPhone and plugs into your phone’s charging socket (充电插座), so you need not worry about running out of batteries. With a quiet motor, you can be confident that colleagues won’t be disturbed and, if you remember to keep your iPhone charged, you can take the fan anywhere, from a sweaty train ride home to a walk in the local park with family.
With a range of inventive accessories to help make hot days more bearable, all we need now is a summer!
60. What makes a breeze-blowing umbrella superior to a conventional umbrella
A. It creates a personal ozone layer to avoid sunlight.
B. It boasts unconventional and luxurious appearance.
C. It can be activated by voice when you need it most.
D. It has a fan to give off cool air and reduce humidity.
61. Which of the following words can replace the underlined word “mitigate”
A. Claim. B. Relieve. C. Intensify. D. Sustain.
62. What do we know about the iPhone fan
A. It can prevent your iPhone from temperature rise in summer heat.
B. You’d better use it outdoors to avoid noise despite the quiet motor.
C. It is portable and can function well without limitation of locations.
D. Batteries with high-capacity should be prepared to keep it charged.
【答案】60. D 61. B 62. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三种可以在夏天帮助保持凉爽的设备。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。根据The breeze-blowing umbrella中“The Fanbrella, which looks and feels just like a conventional umbrella, is perfect for keeping the rain at bay but boasts a delicate fan located underneath the cover, so that you can enjoy fresh cool air while you walk through the summer showers. The fan is small and quiet enough to be unnoticeable yet powerful enough to reduce humidity. (这款“Fanbrella”的外观和手感都和传统雨伞差不多，不仅可以完美地挡雨，而且在伞面下还安装了一个精致的风扇，这样你在夏日阵雨中漫步时就可以享受到新鲜的凉风。风扇小而安静，不引人注意，但足够强大，可以降低湿度)”可知，相比于传统的雨伞，这款产品的优势在于它有一个风扇来吹出凉风，降低湿度。故选D项。
【61题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Unfortunately, a conventional fan in your bedroom (不幸的是，你卧室里传统的风扇)”和下文“as humid air is simply blown around the room (因为潮湿的空气只是被吹到房间里)”可知，此处是描述传统的风扇的缺点，说明它无法解决湿度的问题。由此推知，它对缓解人在该环境下的痛苦没有帮助，mitigate意思应该是“缓解，减轻”，与relieve意思相近。故选B项。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。根据The iPhone fan中“With a quiet motor, you can be confident that colleagues won’t be disturbed and, if you remember to keep your iPhone charged, you can take the fan anywhere, from a sweaty train ride home to a walk in the local park with family. (有了一个安静的发动机，你可以确信同事不会被打扰，如果你记得给iPhone充电，你可以带着风扇去任何地方，无论是在回家的火车上，还是和家人在当地公园散步)”可知，这款产品是便携式的，可以不受位置限制地发挥作用。故选C项。
C
In the roughly 250 years since the Industrial Revolution, the world’s population, like its wealth, has exploded. Before the end of this century, however, the number of people on the planet could shrink for the first time since the Black Death. The root cause is not an increase in deaths, but a drop in births. Across much of the world the fertility rate, the average number of births per woman, is collapsing. Although the trend may be familiar, its extent and its consequences are not. Even as artificial intelligence (AI) leads to optimism in some quarters, the baby bust (婴儿荒) hangs over the future of the world economy.
Whatever some environmentalists say, a shrinking population creates problems. The world is not close to full and the economic difficulties resulting from fewer young people are many. The obvious one is that it is getting harder to support the world’s pensioners. Retired folk draw on the output of the working-aged, either through the state, which requests taxes on workers to pay public pensions, or by cashing in savings to buy goods and services or because relatives provide care unpaid. But whereas the rich world currently has around three people between 20 and 64 years old for everyone over 65, by 2050 it will have less than two. The implications are higher taxes, later retirements, lower real returns for savers and, possibly, government budget crises.
Low proportion of workers to pensioners are only one problem resulting from collapsing fertility. Younger people have more of what psychologists call “fluid intelligence”, the ability to think creatively so as to solve problems in entirely new ways. This youthful energy adds to the accumulated knowledge of older workers. It also brings change. Patents filed by the youngest inventors are much more likely to cover breakthrough innovations. Older countries and their young people are less enterprising and less comfortable taking risks. Because the old benefit less than the young when economies grow, they have proved less keen on pro-growth policies, especially housebuilding. Creative destruction is likely to be rarer in ageing societies, restricting productivity growth in ways that compound into an enormous missed opportunity.
Eventually, therefore, the world will have to make do with fewer youngsters—and perhaps with a shrinking population. With that in mind, recent advances in AI could not have come at a better time. A productive AI economy might find it easy to support a greater number of retired people. Eventually AI may be able to generate ideas by itself, reducing the need for human bined with robotics, AI may also make caring for the elderly less labour-intensive. Such innovations will certainly be in high demand.
If technology does allow humanity to overcome the baby bust, it will fit the historical pattern. Unexpected productivity advances meant that demographic time-bombs (人口定时炸弹) failed to explode. Fewer babies mean less human genius. But that might be a problem human genius can fix.
63. What can be learned from the first paragraph
A. The collapsing fertility rate is to blame for the shrinking population.
B. Black Death marked the shrinking number of people for the first time.
C. Industrial Revolution weakened the increase of the world’s population.
D. The public are familiar with the extent and the influence of the baby bust.
64. What makes it harder to support the world’s pensioners
A. Close relatives have refused to take care of the old without being paid.
B. The output of the working-aged which the old can draw on is shrinking.
C. The old have cashed in savings to cover expenses of goods and services.
D. The government has requested taxes on younger employees to pay pensions.
65. Why does “fluid intelligence” (in Paragraph 3) suffer in ageing societies
A. Because older workers boast more accumulated knowledge.
B. Because the old benefit less than the young in creative destruction.
C. Because collapsing fertility results in low proportion of workers to pensioners.
D. Because restricting productivity growth compounds into a missed opportunity.
66. The best title for the passage is probably _____.
A. The Old Pensioners Make a Comeback B. Artificial Intelligence Leads to a Bright Future
C. The Measures to Overcome the Baby Bust D. The Effect of the Baby Bust on Economy
【答案】63. A 64. B 65. B 66. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了婴儿荒的原因和对经济的影响。
【63题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段中“The root cause is not an increase in deaths, but a drop in births. (根本原因不是死亡人数的增加，而是出生率的下降。)”可知，不断下降的生育率是造成人口减少的原因。故选A。
【64题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段中“The obvious one is that it is getting harder to support the world’s pensioners. Retired folk draw on the output of the working-aged, either through the state, which requests taxes on workers to pay public pensions, or by cashing in savings to buy goods and services or because relatives provide care unpaid. (退休人员利用适龄工作人员的产出，或者通过国家向工人征税来支付公共养老金，或者通过将储蓄兑换成现金来购买商品和服务，或者因为亲戚提供无偿照顾。)”可知，老年人可以利用的劳动年龄的产出正在减少，让养活世界上的养老金领取者变得更加困难。故选B。
【65题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第三段中“Younger people have more of what psychologists call “fluid intelligence”, the ability to think creatively so as to solve problems in entirely new ways. This youthful energy adds to the accumulated knowledge of older workers. It also brings change. Patents filed by the youngest inventors are much more likely to cover breakthrough innovations. Older countries and their young people are less enterprising and less comfortable taking risks. Because the old benefit less than the young when economies grow, they have proved less keen on pro-growth policies, especially housebuilding. Creative destruction is likely to be rarer in ageing societies, restricting productivity growth in ways that compound into an enormous missed opportunity. (年轻人拥有更多心理学家所说的“流动智力”，即创造性思考以全新方式解决问题的能力。这种年轻的活力增加了老工人积累的知识。它也带来了变化。最年轻的发明家申请的专利更有可能涵盖突破性的创新。年龄较大的国家及其年轻人更缺乏进取心，更不愿意冒险。因为在经济增长时，老年人比年轻人受益更少，所以他们对促进增长的政策，尤其是房屋建设不那么热衷。在老龄化社会中，创造性破坏可能更为罕见，从而限制了生产率的增长，从而导致一个巨大的错失机会。)”可知，因为在创造性破坏中，老年人比年轻人受益更少，因此“流动智力”在老龄化社会中受到影响。故选B。
【66题详解】
标题判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“The root cause is not an increase in deaths, but a drop in births. Across much of the world the fertility rate, the average number of births per woman, is collapsing. Although the trend may be familiar, its extent and its consequences are not. Even as artificial intelligence (AI) leads to optimism in some quarters, the baby bust hangs over the future of the world economy. (根本原因不是死亡人数的增加，而是出生率的下降。在世界大部分地区，生育率，即每个妇女的平均生育数量，正在急剧下降。虽然这种趋势可能很熟悉，但其程度和后果却不为人所知。尽管人工智能(AI)在某些方面带来了乐观情绪，但婴儿荒仍笼罩着世界经济的未来。)”可知，文章主要介绍了婴儿荒的原因和对经济的影响。故选D。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
How Young Americans Spend Their Money
Young people have always puzzled their elders. Today’s youngsters are no different; indeed, they are confusing. They have thin wallets and expensive tastes. They prize convenience and a social conscience. They want shopping to be personal. _____67_____ As they start spending in earnest, brands are trying to understand what these walking paradoxes with conflicting features want and how they shop. The answers will define the next era of consumerism.
Their absolute numbers are impressive. The European Union is home to nearly 125m people between the ages of ten (the youngest will become consumers in the next few years) and 34. America has another 110m of these Gen-Zs and millennials, a third of the population. The annual spending of households headed by American Gen-Zs and millennials hit $2.7trn in 2021, around 30% of the total.
_____68_____ Forrester, a market-research firm, found that most users of “buy now, pay later” apps are around 20. Megan Scott, a 20-year-old student from London, speaks for many of her peers by admitting that, when shopping, she has no self-control—until the bill arrives.
The light-speed online world also appears to have lowered tolerances for long delivery times. A study by Salesforce, a business-software giant, found that Gen-Z Americans, who prefer to use their phones to pay for shopping, are the likeliest of all age groups to want their groceries delivered within an hour. _____69_____
The Internet has also changed how the young discover brands. Print, billboard or TV advertising has given way to social media. Instagram, part of Meta’s empire, and TikTok, a Chinese-owned app, are where the young look for inspiration, particularly for goods where looks matter such as fashion, beauty and sportswear. _____70_____ Such apps are increasingly adding features that allow users to shop without ever leaving the platform. According to McKinsey, six in ten Americans under the age of 25 had completed a purchase on a social-media site.
A. They desire genuineness while constantly immersed in a digital world.
B. TikTok’s user-generated videos can lead even tiny brands to speedy viral fame.
C. The lifestyle of the “moonlight clan” has made many young people feel overwhelmed.
D. Easy access to means of spreading payments may encourage spending money like water.
E. A heightened expectation of convenience comes with being raised in the age of Amazon.
F. These “always-on purchasers” often shift from a weekly shop to quicker fixes of everything from fashion to furniture.
【答案】67. A 68. D 69. F 70. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了年轻人的购物方式和影响。
【67题详解】
由上文“They have thin wallets and expensive tastes. They prize convenience and a social conscience. They want shopping to be personal. (他们的钱包很薄，品味很贵。他们看重便利和社会良知。他们希望购物是个性化的。)”和后文“As they start spending in earnest, brands are trying to understand what these walking paradoxes with conflicting features want and how they shop. (随着他们开始认真消费，各大品牌正试图了解这些特征相互矛盾的“行走悖论”想要什么，以及他们的购物方式。)”可知，本句也和上下句一样，以“They”为主语，论述年轻人的特点，故A选项“They desire genuineness while constantly immersed in a digital world. (他们渴望真诚，同时不断地沉浸在数字世界中。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选A。
【68题详解】
由下文“Forrester, a market-research firm, found that most users of “buy now, pay later” apps are around 20. Megan Scott, a 20-year-old student from London, speaks for many of her peers by admitting that, when shopping, she has no self-control—until the bill arrives. (市场研究公司Forrester发现，大多数使用“先买后付”应用程序的用户年龄在20岁左右。来自伦敦的20岁学生梅根·斯科特(Megan Scott)道出了许多同龄人的心声，她承认，在购物时，她没有自制力——直到账单来了。)”可知，本空要说跟“‘先买后付’导致花钱多”有关的话题，故D选项“Easy access to means of spreading payments may encourage spending money like water. (易于获得分散支付的手段可能会鼓励像喝水一样花钱。)”能概括下文，符合题意。故选D。
【69题详解】
由上文“The light-speed online world also appears to have lowered tolerances for long delivery times. (光速的网络世界似乎也降低了对长时间递送的容忍度。)”和“who prefer to use their phones to pay for shopping, are the likeliest of all age groups to want their groceries delivered within an hour.(更喜欢用手机支付购物费用的人，是所有年龄段中最有可能在一小时内送达食品杂货的人。)”可知，本空要说跟“在线购物”有关的话题，故F选项“These “always-on purchasers” often shift from a weekly shop to quicker fixes of everything from fashion to furniture. (这些“永远在线的购买者”经常从每周的商店转向更快地修复从时尚到家具的一切。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
【70题详解】
由上文“Instagram, part of Meta’s empire, and TikTok, a Chinese-owned app, are where the young look for inspiration, particularly for goods where looks matter such as fashion, beauty and sportswear. (Meta帝国的一部分Instagram和中国拥有的应用TikTok是年轻人寻找灵感的地方，尤其是在时尚、美容和运动服等外观重要的商品上。)”可知，本空要说跟“TikTok”有关的话题，故B选项“TikTok’s user-generated videos can lead even tiny brands to speedy viral fame. (TikTok的用户生成视频甚至可以让小品牌迅速走红。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选B。
IV. Summary Writing
71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Drawing High Schoolers to Science
A group of educators and plant scientists at Michigan State University (MSU) are connecting to reshape science classes. And this particular partnership isn’t just helping students get a better understanding of biology; it’s turning them into young scientists, even if only during class.
It doesn’t take long to see that the curriculum born from this collaboration makes for a much different experience than the traditional high school biology classes. For starters, it has a comic book for a workbook. Secondly, students are getting their hands dirty growing plants. MSU researchers are also studying the plant. The high schoolers are asking some of the same questions professional plant scientists are trying to answer.
“We’re getting them engaged with science in science practices, not just having them learn about science,” says Hildah Makori, a researcher at MSU. “They learn to look at things differently. That’s a life-time impact.”
The main characters of the comic book are a pair of young field scientists. They invite the high school students to help with plant research inspired by a real project at MSU. By growing their own plants, the students learn about genetics, evolution and how these interact with the environment.
The team has seen how this practice could keep students in the driver’s seat of their learning. To help the characters out, students set up different experiments to test their ideas.
The program is working. “This comic personally gave me a click that sparked my curiosity,” reads one student’s survey response. “The comic book put a lot of creative atmosphere into the story instead of just looking at words, instead of just listening to the teacher talk,” says another.
Teachers also had positive reviews. In a survey, one remarked how helpful it was to have the comic to refer to. The students could see the comic’s characters doing something in the lab and realize, “I’m able to do this right here at my table and I can do the same thing,” the teacher says.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Educators are cooperating with plant scientists by giving science classes designed to help students learn about science and to engage them in science. With a workbook with comics and field study about plants, such classes provide different experiences for students and have received positive reviews from both students and teachers since they arouse students’ creativity, curiosity and initiative.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，教育工作者正在与植物科学家合作，开设旨在帮助学生了解科学并使他们参与科学的科学课程。这些课程以漫画作业本和植物实地考察为基础，为学生提供了不同的体验，激发了学生的创造力、好奇心和主动性，得到了学生和老师的积极评价。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①A group of educators and plant scientists at Michigan State University (MSU) are connecting to reshape science classes.
②It doesn’t take long to see that the curriculum born from this collaboration makes for a much different experience than the traditional high school biology classes. For starters, it has a comic book for a workbook.
③“This comic personally gave me a click that sparked my curiosity,” reads one student’s survey response. “The comic book put a lot of creative atmosphere into the story instead of just looking at words, instead of just listening to the teacher talk,” says another.
④Teachers also had positive reviews. In a survey, one remarked how helpful it was to have the comic to refer to. The students could see the comic’s characters doing something in the lab and realize, “I’m able to do this right here at my table and I can do the same thing,” the teacher says.
2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3、4三个要点进行重组。
3.遣词造句
In order to help students learn about science and to engage them in science, educators are cooperating with plant scientists by giving them specific science classes.
With a workbook with comics and field study about plants, such classes offer different experiences to students and have received positive reviews from both students and teachers because they arouse students’ creativity, curiosity and initiative.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Educators are cooperating with plant scientists by giving science classes designed to help students learn about science and to engage them in science.运用动名词作宾语对原文第一段进行了概括。
[高分句型2] With a workbook with comics and field study about plants, such classes provide different experiences for students and have received positive reviews from both students and teachers since they arouse students’ creativity, curiosity and initiative.用since引导原因状语从句对最后两段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 小区里的咖啡店定于年底开张，这真是锦上添花的美事。(schedule) (汉译英)
【答案】The coffee shop in the community is scheduled to open at the end of the year, which is really the icing on the cake/an extra bonus/really adds brilliance to the community/makes things better./According to the schedule, the coffee shop in the community is to open at the end of the year, which is really the icing on the cake/an extra bonus/really adds brilliance to the community/makes things better.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词短语、动词短语、介词短语和定语从句。主语“小区里的咖啡店”可用名词短语the coffee shop in the community，为单数，“定于……做某事”有两种表达方式，一种是用固定短语be scheduled to do sth.，另一种是理解为“按照计划/日程表……将做某事”，“按照计划/日程表”可用介词短语according to the schedule，“将做某事”可用固定短语be to do sth.，两种表达方式都是描述将来要发生的事情，be动词应用is，“开张”可用动词open，“年底”可用介词短语at the end of the year；“这真是锦上添花的美事”可理解为是对“小区里的咖啡店年底开张”这件事的补充说明，处理为非限制性定语从句；the coffee shop in the community为先行词，指物，可用which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，“真地”可用副词really，“是锦上添花的美事”可用系表结构，表语“锦上添花的美事”可用名词短语the icing on the cake或an extra bonus，或用动词短语add brilliance to the community或make things better，且此处是当前的评判，时态宜用一般现在时，be动词、add或make应用第三人称单数形式。故译为：The coffee shop in the community is scheduled to open at the end of the year, which is really the icing on the cake/an extra bonus/really adds brilliance to the community/makes things better./According to the schedule, the coffee shop in the community is to open at the end of the year, which is really the icing on the cake/an extra bonus/really adds brilliance to the community/makes things better.
73. 我们都没有想到，那个曾经腼腆的男孩竟然能在演讲比赛中一举夺魁。 (It) (汉译英)
【答案】It never occurred to us that the boy who used to be/was shy should win the first prize in the speech contest.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、固定句型、定语从句。it occurs to sb that “（某人）想到……”为固定句型，结合句意“我们都没有想到”可知，事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，故用It never occurred to us that，其中It为形式主语，that引导主语从句。主语从句中，表示“那个男孩竟然能在演讲比赛中一举夺魁”用the boy should win the first prize in the speech contest。表示“曾经腼腆的”用定语从句who used to be/was shy，先行词是the boy，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词who引导。故翻译为It never occurred to us that the boy who used to be/was shy should win the first prize in the speech contest.
74. 很多人反对在岛上修建核电站，担心废水可能会排入海洋，污染海洋生物。(for fear that) (汉译英)
【答案】Many people object to building a nuclear power station/plant on the island for fear that the waste water might be dumped into the sea and pollute the marine life.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、名词、被动语态和宾语从句。主语“很多人”用Many people；“反对”用短语object to doing表示，句子陈述事实，用一般现在时。“修建核电站”用 build a nuclear power station/plant表示，动名词形式作介词to的宾语；“担心”用for fear that后面接宾语从句表示，使用虚拟语气。从句主语是“废水” the waste water；谓语动词“排放”用固定短语dump into表示，“废水排入海洋”肯定是人为排放，所以要用被动语态，放在情态动词“可能”might后用动词原形，即用the waste water might be dumped into the sea表示。“污染海洋生物”用pollute marine life表示，and连接并列动词短语。故翻译为Many people object to building a nuclear power station/plant on the island for fear that the waste water might be dumped into the sea and pollute the marine life。
75. 除了推出智能电子产品外，这个公司与客户深化合作，探索数字化转型和可持续发展的道路。 (launch) (汉译英)
【答案】In addition to launching smart electronic products, the company is deepening cooperation with customers to explore the pathway to digital transformation and sustainable development.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、短语和名词。表示“除了”短语为in addition to (doing)，“推出产品”用launch表示。“智能电子产品”用smart electronic products表示。“与客户深化合作”用deepen cooperation with customers表示。“探索数字化转型和可持续发展的道路”用explore the pathway to digital transformation and sustainable development表示。分析句子可知，“这个公司与客户深化合作”是主谓宾机构，“探索数字化转型和可持续发展的道路”做目的状语。“深化合作”是正在发生的事情，所以用正在进行时。故翻译为In addition to launching smart electronic products, the company is deepening cooperation with customers to explore the pathway to digital transformation and sustainable development。
VI. Guided Writing
76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
76. 假设你是浦润中学高三学生李青。学校社团就本学期开展的“经典作品阅读（Classics reading）”活动发起征文。主题是：Classics connect me and _________。征文要求如下：
根据主题补全标题；
阐述二者（classics和“______”）的联系及其对你（“me”）的影响
（注：文中不得出现真实的姓名及学校名称。）
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Classics connect me and writing
Reading classic literature has greatly improved my writing ability. First of all, classical literary works provide us with rich materials and inspiration for writing. When we read these works, we can observe the author’s unique skills in how to depict characters and scenes, which can stimulate our creative enthusiasm and help us find new inspiration and creativity when writing. Secondly, classical literary works cultivate our ability of language expression. Through reading these classic works, we can learn different ways of expression and rhetorical skills, enrich our language organization ability, and improve the accuracy and expression of writing. In addition, by reading classic literary works, we can also learn good story structure and narrative skills. By carefully analyzing and thinking about these works, we can learn how to construct an engaging story framework that guides our readers' emotions, skills that are essential to our ability to write.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生按照要求就本学期开展的“经典作品阅读（Classics reading）”活动发起的征文写一篇短文投稿，主题是：Classics connect me and _________。
【详解】1.词汇积累
丰富的：rich→ abundant
独特的：unique→ distinctive
激发：stimulate→ motivate
培养：cultivate→ develop
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Reading classic literature has greatly improved my writing ability.
拓展句：It is reading classic literature that has greatly improved my writing ability.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Reading classic literature has greatly improved my writing ability.（运用了动名词Reading作主语）
【高分句型2】When we read these works, we can observe the author’s unique skills in how to depict characters and scenes, which can stimulate our creative enthusiasm and help us find new inspiration and creativity when writing. （运用了When引导的时间状语从句和which引导的非限制性定语2023学年第一学期高三年级期终学业质量调研
英语学科 试卷
考生注意：
1．本试卷共12页。满分140分。考试时间120分钟。
2．答题前，考生务必在答题卡（纸）上用钢笔或水笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号，并用铅笔正确涂写准考证号。
3．答案必须全部涂写在答题卡（纸）上。如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上也一律不给分。
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. A policewoman. B. A waitress. C. A flight attendant. D. A pilot.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. At 5:30. B. At 5:35. C. At 6:00. D. At 6:05.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Confusing. B. Enjoyable. C. Relaxing. D. Boring.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. The play started early. B. She went back to get her ticket.
C. Tom walked with her to the bus stop. D. It was a long way from the theatre.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Preparing his school project. B. Catching the school bus.
C. Making the final touch on the food. D. Handing in his homework.
6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Return the dog to her relative. B. Place a ban on dogs.
C. Clean her apartment. D. Stay with her relative.
7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Find another scale. B. Develop a fitness routine.
C. Try another workout programme. D. Wait for the right time to exercise.
8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. The mall must be overcrowded.
B. It’s hard to find the way in the mall.
C. They should come to the mall some other day.
D. They can get into the mall through the south gate.
9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Tony hopes to change his role in the play.
B. Tony lacks confidence in playing the part.
C. Professor Wright will help Tony remember the lines.
D. Professor Wright will give Tony hints during the show.
10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. It was quite easy for them to climb Huashan.
B. The man went to Huashan during the summer vacation.
C. The woman didn’t reach all the mountain tops of Huashan.
D. The weather was just fine when the woman climbed Huashan.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11.
A. Making the wearer feel tired.
B. Gradually weakening an adult’s eyes.
C. The loss of vision in children.
D. Permanent change of the eye structure.
12.
A. Working hard. B. Wearing sunglasses.
C. Watching TV in poor light. D. Reading in bed.
13.
A. Ways of choosing eye glasses.
B. Suggestions of eyesight protection.
C. Untruths of eye glasses and eyesight.
D. Proven facts of the benefits of eye glasses.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14.
A. By reviewing new words every day.
B. By studying the usage of the new word at night.
C. By connecting the new word with the “old” ones.
D. By applying the new word to daily conversations.
15.
A. Desire to learn a new language. B. Anxiety to visit a community.
C. Eagerness to have more sleep. D. Wish to be connected.
16.
A. Roles of dreams in school life.
B. Right attitudes towards language learning.
C. Connections between dreams and language learning.
D. Effective ways to memorize foreign language vocabulary.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. A. 13 years. B. 17 years. C. 20 years. D. 24 years.
18.
A. The pressure from his competitors.
B. The high expectation from his parents.
C. The unforgettable matches he played on court.
D. The prizes he received from winning the championships.
19.
A. Because he had an operation but got well soon.
B. Because he didn’t have enough rest before the match.
C. Because his family and team gave him a lot of support.
D. Because his belief and desire to win worked and helped.
20.
A. Talkative and inspiring. B. Talented and determined.
C. Modest and humorous. D. Optimistic and realistic.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The Sisterhood of the Traveling Diary
Kyra Peralte thought keeping a diary might help her sort out her troubled feelings. In April 2020, the mother of two in New Jersey, started writing about the challenges of handling work, marriage and motherhood during a global crisis.
Writing released emotions, but Peralte, now 46, wanted to know how other women were doing. So she made an unusual offer. She invited women from near and far to fill the ___21___ (remain) lined pages of her notebook with their own stories. She named the project The Traveling Diary.
So many wanted to participate ___22___ Peralte decided to create a website () for people to add their names to the queue. She came up with a system: each person ___23___ (get) to keep the diary for three days and fills as many pages as she wishes. Then she is responsible for mailing it to the next person.
So far, more than 2,000 women from 30 countries ___24___ (participate). Of course, not all those entries could fit in just one journal. More than 50 of these notebooks are currently ___25___ use. About 20 completed ones are back in Peralte’s possession.
Each participant fills the pages with her own handwriting, narrating her experiences, recounting obstacles she faced, and sharing ___26___ (learn) lessons.
Kirsty Nicol, 31 from London, received the journal in March 2021. She said reading the entries allowed her to transport her into the lives of ___27___ and find bits of wisdom they left.
One such pearl came from a woman in Australia. She had written: “Working with the setbacks. Not against them. Patience and gratitude. It’s a dance. Life is moving and we ___28___ stamp our feet in rejection, or we can gracefully embrace the mess, tidying as we go.”
“It has really evolved into a community,” Peralte says. She sends participants a weekly newsletter and often hosts online meetings so the women get the chance to get to know one another more, share stories and feel ___29___ (distant). Some of the women, she says, have even become close friends. Her spontaneous idea, she says, has had a profound effect on the women ___30___ were part of it. “The Traveling Diary is making sisters out of strangers.” She says.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. carved B. unknowingly C. ecosystem D. artificial E. elemental F. changing G. practically H. wrinkled I. unmoving J. species K. inspection
Magical Creatures: AN APPRECIATION OF AUTUMN MOTH (蛾)
Moths seem to have a bit of a bad reputation: to some they are ill indications or something scary, to others they are dull in comparison to our well-loved butterflies. But moths are an essential part of a(n) ___31___, and important food sources for species like birds and bats. And for me, moths are far from dull.
My first meeting with an Angle Shades moth was nearly a non-encounter. I almost passed by without noticing it, thinking it was a fallen leaf on a fence post. But there was something about it that stopped me in my tracks. Its angular shape perhaps Or the way it sat, ___32___, despite the breeze. Closer ___33___ revealed cream and buff shell-shaped wings, painted with triangles of light pink and brown. Suddenly, it transformed from a(n) ___34___ leaf into a living thing before my eyes. I’ve been fascinated ever since.
The Canary-shouldered Thorn, with its hairy buttercup-coloured body and yellow and orange wings, reminds me of a fallen silver birch (白桦树) leaf. A night-flyer, it favours gardens and woodlands, and is often drawn to ___35___ light, meaning that your torch beam may be attracting moths as well as lighting your way in the dark. It’s also worth double-checking any leaves in farm houses, as these sheltered spots are a favourite hiding place of another overwintering ___36___: the Herald moth. This elegant creature’s beautiful wings look as though they’ve been ___37___ by hand and painted with bronze.
There’s more to these imitators than fallen leaves. The Green-spotted Crescent, which ___38___ disappears on rough branches, has metallic green spots integrating with the moss (苔藓). Maybe I’ve already ___39___ crossed paths with one, though. As we dig out our big coats and slip on boots for walks beneath branches, how many moths are we missing These clever creatures aren’t bad indications, but ___40___ parts of nature, with a gift for fancy-dress.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
I’m pretty good at sticking with things even when they get hard. Bad relationships, unpleasant workplaces, ___41___ sports — I’ve hung on for months and even years longer than I should have, convinced the situation would ___42___ if I refused to give up.
After all, isn’t every success story littered with ___43___ Didn’t Beyoncé lose Star Search, and didn’t Oprah get fired from her first TV job Quitting is a sign that you lack patience and strong will, or so I was raised to believe.
___44___, if I look back on all the things I eventually quit, my only regret is that I didn’t do it sooner. I’ve wasted immeasurable time and energy dragging my heels, determined that I could ___45___ everyone if I just kept going.
All of us are constantly making tricky choices between going further into familiar territory and ___46___ to expand our horizons. This is known as the exploration-exploitation trade-off. When we are younger it’s advantageous to go far on the side of exploration, trying lots of new things because we have plenty of time to ___47___ later. But as we age, it’s often smarter to double down.
Of course, this doesn’t mean you shouldn’t quit something just because you’ve put a lot of time into it. Economists call this the sunk cost fallacy (谬误): People are more likely to ___48___ something if they’ve invested a lot of money or effort into it, even when it’s clear that they should ___49___ their losses and jump ship. This practice is normal and ___50___, but it’s also unreasonable. If an activity or relationship is making you miserable, that’s important information you shouldn’t ignore.
If you don’t get energy out of doing something, it can be a(n) ___51___ that this is not for you or that there’s something better you could be doing. Or it could be a sign that you should ___52___ your goals. Maybe your yogurt startup might not win over investors, but you could still make and sell yogurt at the farmers’ market on weekends.
In fact, dogged persistence in the face of energy-sucking disappointment can ___53___ depression, and then make you suffer from diseases in the long run.
But the good news is that people can learn to pay better attention to these moments when they’re happening and make ___54___. The art of quitting isn’t about just letting go whenever there’s an obstacle. It’s about being able to let go when there’s no ___55___ to success anymore.
41. A. engaging B. demanding C. inevitable D. leisure
42. A. worsen B. occur C. improve D. continue
43. A. frustrations B. determinations C. attempts D. inspirations
44. A. Therefore B. Additionally C. For example D. However
45. A. amaze B. scare C. distress D. compliment
46. A. breaking up B. looking up C. standing up D. backing up
47. A. venture B. specialize C. explore D. relax
48. A. benefit from B. approve of C. stick with D. withdraw from
49. A. evaluate B. avoid C. overlook D. cut
50. A. human B. crazy C. sensible D. tricky
51. A. indication B. desire C. occasion D. recognition
52. A. accomplish B. upgrade C. modify D. maintain
53. A. prevent B. trigger C. relieve D. contract
54. A. researches B. choices C. changes D. resolutions
55. A. shortcut B. barrier C. guarantee D. pathway
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
I write this on a spring morning, in the van I have called home for two years now.
From one small window, I have a view of joggers pounding the sunny path by the Oxford Canal, and the other looks onto the busy railway line along which trains travel from Southampton Docks to Birmingham.
The woods where I’ve parked my van have grown up between them. This ancient van, a vehicle designed for freedom and the open road, has proved a stable solution for surviving the current housing crisis.
I became a travel writer after my studies ended, committing to brief “residencies” with museums and art centres—where temporary accommodation is often provided in exchange for producing new work about a community. Over the years that followed, living and working on location in the polar regions or Scandinavia or the Alps, not settling down for very long, meant wherever I landed was always “home”.
During the pandemic it was necessary to adopt a more permanent engagement with locality. Oxford had often drawn me back. It’s a crossroads of reality and the imagination, the perfect city for a writer.
It takes a surprising amount of work to keep a tiny home in order: buying a used van online; ensuring the smooth running of a gas cooker and car batteries; fetching water and emptying the mobile toilet. I began to enjoy taking care of my immediate surroundings. Over the summer, I worked to turn waste-ground into a wild garden, replacing weeds with wild plants.
I made friends with the self-sufficient boaters living nearby, always ready to share knowledge on the low-carbon simplicity of life without electricity. I’ve learnt that comfort can be found away from the bright infrastructure of urban life: in watching the birds that nest in the tree and the foxes playing in the woods at dawn, in making a cup of coffee on a spring morning.
My step away from conventional housing has been a necessary act of personal economy, but the benefits include taking nothing for granted, and unexpected delight.
56. Why did the writer make the van his home
A. Because the feature of the van and that of his occupation are matching.
B. Because the van is equivalent to a crossroads of reality and the imagination.
C. Because the views of joggers and trains outside the van can relieve his pressure.
D. Because living and working on location in the polar regions are appealing to him.
57. What does “immediate surroundings” in Paragraph 6 refer to
A. a used van B. a gas cooker C. a wild garden D. a mobile toilet
58. Which of the following is the benefit of unconventional housing
A. Joining joggers to do exercise. B. Keeping a tiny home in order easily.
C. Improving the economy of Oxford. D. Embracing delightful surprises.
59. What’s the writer’s attitude towards living in the van
A. Cautious. B. Ironical. C. Favorable. D. Neutral.
B
Keep Cool Next Summer with These 3 Devices
As we prepare for what could be another hot summer, you may already be feeling the heat. Luckily a range of unusual and clever devices are now available to help make hot summer days more bearable.
The breeze-blowing umbrella
Umbrellas serve a double function, protecting us from rain and sunlight; they also serve as a sort of personal ozone layer. The Fanbrella, which looks and feels just like a conventional umbrella, is perfect for keeping the rain at bay but boasts a delicate fan located underneath the cover, so that you can enjoy fresh cool air while you walk through the summer showers. The fan is small and quiet enough to be unnoticeable yet powerful enough to reduce humidity. Operated by a switch on the handle of the umbrella, it can be activated only when you need it most.
Air conditioned beds
Humid nights are a horrible experience for most people, causing much discomfort and making sleep impossible. Unfortunately, a conventional fan in your bedroom will do little to mitigate your suffering, as humid air is simply blown around the room. An air conditioned bed is the perfect solution! This revolutionary furniture boasts quiet fans at the foot of the bed that help to circulate cool air from the opposite end, so you’re effectively sleeping on an air conditioned bed. With low running costs, summer nights without sleep could be a thing of the past.
The iPhone fan
iPhones are known for getting pretty hot to the touch when you’re using one, but now your smartphone could be the perfect device to help keep the summer heat at bay when you’re working at your desk or on the move. The small plastic fan fits onto the top of your iPhone and plugs into your phone’s charging socket (充电插座), so you need not worry about running out of batteries. With a quiet motor, you can be confident that colleagues won’t be disturbed and, if you remember to keep your iPhone charged, you can take the fan anywhere, from a sweaty train ride home to a walk in the local park with family.
With a range of inventive accessories to help make hot days more bearable, all we need now is a summer!
60. What makes a breeze-blowing umbrella superior to a conventional umbrella
A. It creates a personal ozone layer to avoid sunlight.
B. It boasts unconventional and luxurious appearance.
C. It can be activated by voice when you need it most.
D. It has a fan to give off cool air and reduce humidity.
61. Which of the following words can replace the underlined word “mitigate”
A. Claim. B. Relieve. C. Intensify. D. Sustain.
62. What do we know about the iPhone fan
A. It can prevent your iPhone from temperature rise in summer heat.
B. You’d better use it outdoors to avoid noise despite the quiet motor.
C. It is portable and can function well without limitation of locations.
D Batteries with high-capacity should be prepared to keep it charged.
C
In the roughly 250 years since the Industrial Revolution, the world’s population, like its wealth, has exploded. Before the end of this century, however, the number of people on the planet could shrink for the first time since the Black Death. The root cause is not an increase in deaths, but a drop in births. Across much of the world the fertility rate, the average number of births per woman, is collapsing. Although the trend may be familiar, its extent and its consequences are not. Even as artificial intelligence (AI) leads to optimism in some quarters, the baby bust (婴儿荒) hangs over the future of the world economy.
Whatever some environmentalists say, a shrinking population creates problems. The world is not close to full and the economic difficulties resulting from fewer young people are many. The obvious one is that it is getting harder to support the world’s pensioners. Retired folk draw on the output of the working-aged, either through the state, which requests taxes on workers to pay public pensions, or by cashing in savings to buy goods and services or because relatives provide care unpaid. But whereas the rich world currently has around three people between 20 and 64 years old for everyone over 65, by 2050 it will have less than two. The implications are higher taxes, later retirements, lower real returns for savers and, possibly, government budget crises.
Low proportion of workers to pensioners are only one problem resulting from collapsing fertility. Younger people have more of what psychologists call “fluid intelligence”, the ability to think creatively so as to solve problems in entirely new ways. This youthful energy adds to the accumulated knowledge of older workers. It also brings change. Patents filed by the youngest inventors are much more likely to cover breakthrough innovations. Older countries and their young people are less enterprising and less comfortable taking risks. Because the old benefit less than the young when economies grow, they have proved less keen on pro-growth policies, especially housebuilding. Creative destruction is likely to be rarer in ageing societies, restricting productivity growth in ways that compound into an enormous missed opportunity.
Eventually, therefore, the world will have to make do with fewer youngsters—and perhaps with a shrinking population. With that in mind, recent advances in AI could not have come at a better time. A productive AI economy might find it easy to support a greater number of retired people. Eventually AI may be able to generate ideas by itself, reducing the need for human bined with robotics, AI may also make caring for the elderly less labour-intensive. Such innovations will certainly be in high demand.
If technology does allow humanity to overcome the baby bust, it will fit the historical pattern. Unexpected productivity advances meant that demographic time-bombs (人口定时炸弹) failed to explode. Fewer babies mean less human genius. But that might be a problem human genius can fix.
63. What can be learned from the first paragraph
A. The collapsing fertility rate is to blame for the shrinking population.
B. Black Death marked the shrinking number of people for the first time.
C. Industrial Revolution weakened the increase of the world’s population.
D. The public are familiar with the extent and the influence of the baby bust.
64. What makes it harder to support the world’s pensioners
A. Close relatives have refused to take care of the old without being paid.
B. The output of the working-aged which the old can draw on is shrinking.
C. The old have cashed in savings to cover expenses of goods and services.
D. The government has requested taxes on younger employees to pay pensions.
65. Why does “fluid intelligence” (in Paragraph 3) suffer in ageing societies
A. Because older workers boast more accumulated knowledge.
B. Because the old benefit less than the young in creative destruction.
C. Because collapsing fertility results in low proportion of workers to pensioners.
D. Because restricting productivity growth compounds into a missed opportunity.
66. The best title for the passage is probably _____.
A. The Old Pensioners Make a Comeback B. Artificial Intelligence Leads to a Bright Future
C. The Measures to Overcome the Baby Bust D. The Effect of the Baby Bust on Economy
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
How Young Americans Spend Their Money
Young people have always puzzled their elders. Today’s youngsters are no different; indeed, they are confusing. They have thin wallets and expensive tastes. They prize convenience and a social conscience. They want shopping to be personal. _____67_____ As they start spending in earnest, brands are trying to understand what these walking paradoxes with conflicting features want and how they shop. The answers will define the next era of consumerism.
Their absolute numbers are impressive. The European Union is home to nearly 125m people between the ages of ten (the youngest will become consumers in the next few years) and 34. America has another 110m of these Gen-Zs and millennials, a third of the population. The annual spending of households headed by American Gen-Zs and millennials hit $2.7trn in 2021, around 30% of the total.
_____68_____ Forrester, a market-research firm, found that most users of “buy now, pay later” apps are around 20. Megan Scott, a 20-year-old student from London, speaks for many of her peers by admitting that, when shopping, she has no self-control—until the bill arrives.
The light-speed online world also appears to have lowered tolerances for long delivery times. A study by Salesforce, a business-software giant, found that Gen-Z Americans, who prefer to use their phones to pay for shopping, are the likeliest of all age groups to want their groceries delivered within an hour. _____69_____
The Internet has also changed how the young discover brands. Print, billboard or TV advertising has given way to social media. Instagram, part of Meta’s empire, and TikTok, a Chinese-owned app, are where the young look for inspiration, particularly for goods where looks matter such as fashion, beauty and sportswear. _____70_____ Such apps are increasingly adding features that allow users to shop without ever leaving the platform. According to McKinsey, six in ten Americans under the age of 25 had completed a purchase on a social-media site.
A. They desire genuineness while constantly immersed in a digital world.
B. TikTok’s user-generated videos can lead even tiny brands to speedy viral fame.
C. The lifestyle of the “moonlight clan” has made many young people feel overwhelmed.
D. Easy access to means of spreading payments may encourage spending money like water.
E. A heightened expectation of convenience comes with being raised in the age of Amazon.
F. These “always-on purchasers” often shift from a weekly shop to quicker fixes of everything from fashion to furniture.
IV. Summary Writing
71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Drawing High Schoolers to Science
A group of educators and plant scientists at Michigan State University (MSU) are connecting to reshape science classes. And this particular partnership isn’t just helping students get a better understanding of biology; it’s turning them into young scientists, even if only during class.
It doesn’t take long to see that the curriculum born from this collaboration makes for a much different experience than the traditional high school biology classes. For starters it has a comic book for a workbook. Secondly, students are getting their hands dirty growing plants. MSU researchers are also studying the plant. The high schoolers are asking some of the same questions professional plant scientists are trying to answer.
“We’re getting them engaged with science in science practices, not just having them learn about science,” says Hildah Makori, a researcher at MSU. “They learn to look at things differently. That’s a life-time impact.”
The main characters of the comic book are a pair of young field scientists. They invite the high school students to help with plant research inspired by a real project at MSU. By growing their own plants, the students learn about genetics, evolution and how these interact with the environment.
The team has seen how this practice could keep students in the driver’s seat of their learning. To help the characters out, students set up different experiments to test their ideas.
The program is working. “This comic personally gave me a click that sparked my curiosity,” reads one student’s survey response. “The comic book put a lot of creative atmosphere into the story instead of just looking at words, instead of just listening to the teacher talk,” says another.
Teachers also had positive reviews. In a survey, one remarked how helpful it was to have the comic to refer to. The students could see the comic’s characters doing something in the lab and realize, “I’m able to do this right here at my table and I can do the same thing,” the teacher says.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 小区里的咖啡店定于年底开张，这真是锦上添花的美事。(schedule) (汉译英)
73. 我们都没有想到，那个曾经腼腆的男孩竟然能在演讲比赛中一举夺魁。 (It) (汉译英)
74. 很多人反对在岛上修建核电站，担心废水可能会排入海洋，污染海洋生物。(for fear that) (汉译英)
75. 除了推出智能电子产品外，这个公司与客户深化合作，探索数字化转型和可持续发展的道路。 (launch) (汉译英)
VI. Guided Writing
76 Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
76. 假设你是浦润中学高三学生李青。学校社团就本学期开展的“经典作品阅读（Classics reading）”活动发起征文。主题是：Classics connect me and _________。征文要求如下：
根据主题补全标题；
阐述二者（classics和“______”）的联系及其对你（“me”）的影响
（注：文中不得出现真实的姓名及学校名称。）
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