2023～2024 学年度第一学期高二年级第二次月考测试
英语试卷
本试卷满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 （共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
1.How soon will the party begin
A. In 5 minutes. B. In 10 minutes. C. In 30 minutes.
2.What does the woman offer to do
A. Help the man with his study. B. Send the man to the hospital.
C. Help the man ask for leave.
3.What do we know about the man
A. He arrived before 3:00 p.m. B. He didn’t make a reservation.
C. He can’t check in at the hotel.
4.What does the man suggest the woman do on Mother’s Day
A. Eat out. B. Stay in. C. Go to the movies.
5.What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. The weather. B. A gift. C. Their friend.
第二节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6.What has recently been done to the space
A. A new bathroom has been added. B. A private office has been built.
C. The walls have been painted.
7.What is the man most interested in about the space
A. The position. B. The rent. C. The size.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。
8.What does the woman think of the man’s paper
A. It’s interesting. B. It’s easy to finish. C. It’s hard to understand.
9.Why doesn’t the man want to write about clocks or umbrellas
A. He knows nothing about them. B. He is unwilling to do research on them.
C. He thinks everybody is going to write about them.
听第 8 段材料。回答第 10 至 12 题。
10.How long are most shops open in New York
A 9 hours. B.10 hours. C.12 hours.
11.Where are the speakers
A. In Paris. B. In London. C. In New York.
12.What is the woman’s opinion on Americans
A. Normal. B. Direct. C. Interesting.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13.When does the conversation take place
A. In the late morning. B. At noon. C. In the early afternoon.
14.What is the weather probably like
A. Windy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy.
15.What does the woman like best about the new job
A. The salary. B. The working time. C. The working conditions.
16.Where are the woman’s family living now
A In Australia. B. In Mexico. C. In Britain.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17.When did Bill Wales leave his parents
A. At the age of 18. B. At the age of 20. C. At the age of 23.
18.How does Bill Wales pay his tuition
A. By asking his parents for money. B. By working in his spare time.
C. By borrowing from his roommates.
19.What did Bill Wales do after his second year at university
A. He moved to another place. B. He left London and found a job.
C. He left school and worked for a year.
20.Why did Bill Wales decide to move the second time
A. The rent of his room was raised. B. He couldn’t stand his roommates.
C. He didn’t get along well with the house-owner.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Donna Strickland was awarded the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Arthur Ashkin and Gérard Mourou.It’s the first time in 55 years that a woman has won this famous prize, but why has it taken so long We look at five other pioneering female physicists — past and present — who actually deserve the prize.
Jocelyn Bell Burnell
Perhaps the most famous snub (冷落): the student Bell discovered the first radio pulsars in 1967, when she was a PhD student at Cambridge.The Nobel Prize that recognised this landmark discovery in 1974, however, went to her male supervisor, Antony Hewish.Recently awarded a 2.3 million Breakthrough Prize, which she gave away to help under-represented students, she joked to The Guardian, “I feel I’ve done very well out of not getting a Nobel Prize.”
Lene Hau
Hau is best-known for leading the research team at Harvard University in 1999 that managed to slow a beam of light, before managing to stop it completely in 2001.Often topping Nobel Prize prediction lists, could 2019 be Hau’s year.
Vera Rubin
Rubin discovered dark matter in the 1980s, opening up a new field of astronomy.She died in 2016, without recognition from the committee.
Chien-Shiung Wu
Wu’s “Wu experiment” helped disprove the “law of conservation of parity”.Her experimental work was helpful but never honoured, and instead, her male colleagues won the 1957 Nobel Prize for their theoretical work behind the study.
Lise Meitner
Meitner led groundbreaking work on the discovery of nuclear fission.However, the discovery was acknowledged by the 1944 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, which was won by her male co-lead, Otto Hahn.
1. When was the discovery of radio pulsars recognised by the Nobel
A. In 1944． B. In 1967． C. In 1974． D. In 1980．
2. Which woman is most likely to win a Nobel Prize later according to the text
A. Donna Strickland. B. Jocelyn Bell Burnell.
C. Lene Hau. D. Vera Rubin.
3. What do we know about the five females
A. The five female scientists did greatly in chemistry.
B. Vera Rubin had opened up a new field in geometry.
C. Lise Meitner’s teacher won a Nobel Prize for her work.
D. The five female scientists haven’t been awarded Nobel Prize.
B
I was at a new school in a new state and needed something solid to stand on: a place to feel grounded. I also needed to do laundry, so I walked to a nearby self-service laundry and stuffed a machine with my clothes. As I struggled to close the washer door, the woman working behind the counter told me to give it a good hit with my hand. The washer did its job, yet even after an hour, the dryer seemed to have barely warmed my clothes. I left, having decided to air-dry them on my car in the August heat.
A month later, I learned her name was Sandy, which she told me after I’d helped her stop a washing machine from moving across the floor. I was grading poems at a table when one of the washers broke loose and skipped an inch into the air. I jumped to the machine and held on while she unplugged it. The next week, Sandy told me dryer No. 8 was the fastest.
It went on like this. I’d do laundry once a week, usually Thursday or Friday. Sandy worked Tuesday through Saturday and we’d talk small while I folded clothes. She told me about her son and his grades, as well as the new dog they’d just adopted. She was fascinated that I was studying poetry. She teased (开玩笑) that it was harder making a living as a poet than as a laundry attendant. Even then I knew she was probably right.
I began to recognize others there: workers taking breaks by the door, a mother and her baby, and even some delivery drivers. But Sandy was the center of my community. For nearly three years and almost every week, I’d do laundry and talk with her. We checked on each other, expecting the other to be there. We asked where the other had gone when we missed a week. There was a note of concern for the other’s absence, a note of joy at their return.
I’d found a place to stand on solid ground.
4. Why did the author leave with his wet clothes
A. He liked the August heat better. B. He had to go back to the meeting.
C. He wanted to show off his new car. D. He didn’t think the dryer worked well.
5. Why did Sandy tell the author to use dryer No. 8
A. She was warm-hearted. B. She needed a volunteer.
C. She wanted to thank him. D. She was sorry for the mess.
6. What did Sandy think of a career in poetry
A. It was harder to fulfill. B. It was really fascinating.
C. It was badly-paid work. D. It needed a lot of effort.
7. What can be inferred about the author from the passage
A. He formed a close friendship with Sandy.
B. He made a lot of friends in college.
C. He expected Sandy to do laundry for him.
D. He often wrote to Sandy after graduation.
C
Humans are not the animal kingdom's only fashionistas. Tits ( ill雀) can be fashion followers, too, apparently. A latest study shows that, given the chance, they decorate their nests with this season's must-have colour.
Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin were following up on a study published in 1934 by Henry Smith Williams, an American naturalist. He noticed that when he put various coloured balls of yarn (纱) out in his garden, almost always one and only one became popular that season for being included into local birds' nests. But which particular color was favoured varied from season to season. This suggested that the colour chosen by one of the early birds was spotted and copied by others.
Williams's work was, however, forgotten until they came across it while following up on a different study, published by a team at the University of Toulouse, suggesting fashion-following, too. Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin therefore set out to re-run Williams's experiment, but this time to collect some actual numbers.
The birds they followed were part of a well-monitored population of blue tits in a wood near the institute. Most birds in this wood carried tracking devices fitted to them after their capture in mist nets. That allowed the institute's researchers to keep track of a vast number of individuals by recording their arrival at food containers throughout the wood. Instead of food, these containers were loaded with wool of different colors. Interestingly, researchers soon found that most nests of blue tits included only the color of the wool first chosen by a nestbuildcr.
Tits, then, do seem to be “on trend”, when it comes to nest-building materials. Why that should happen remains obscure. Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin suspect the fashion leaders are older birds, and that evolution favours younger ones copying their elders since those elders have evidently survived what fortune has to throw at a tit. Williams’s original work, though, suggests such initial choices are at random-a bit like those of the leaders of human fashions.
8. What can we learn from Paragraph 2
A. Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin contributed to William's work.
B. Early birds' color preference was copied by their fellows.
C. The yam was the most popular material to decorate local birds' nests.
D. The color of the yam favored by local birds was fixed throughout the year.
9. How did Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin improve William's experiment
A. They observed the blue tits.
B. They studied the habits of blue tits.
C. They adopted the data-collecting method.
D. They fitted tracking devices to food containers.
10. What does the underlined word “obscure” in Paragraph 5 mean
A. Hidden. B. Evident. C. Complicated. D. Shallow.
11. What is the main idea of the text
A. Birds favor certain colors in decoration.
B. Young birds follow their elders in fashion.
C. Young birds are just as intelligent as people.
D. Birds are just as fashion-conscious as people.
D
In the past decade, the use of social media has grown in a way that no one could have guessed. It has turned some teenagers into celebrities and turned the famous into the infamous, overnight.
A key feature of social media, however, is its volatility. Trends come and go, disappearing almost as quickly as they appeared.
Short video apps such as TikTok and its Chinese equivalent (等同物) Douyin, took the world by storm. The Telegraph reported that TikTok was ranked 8th on Apple’s App Store in April. And Douyin had more than 300 million domestic monthly active users in June, CNBC said.
Why are these short videos — which are rarely longer than a few minutes — so popular Jiang Yige, Singapore-based analyst at FengHe Fund Management, has a theory. “Short videos are just right to fill in the little gaps in our busy schedules,” he told CNBC.
These videos — apart from being very convenient — are important to teenagers because they allow them to express themselves, according to Teen Vogue.
Liza Koshy, a user of the US app Musical, who has over 2 million followers, said, “The sense of community that users of short video apps get is another appealing feature.”
Live streaming (直播) is a feature of our social media life that now seems as natural as sunrise. It’s a pretty neat idea: You can watch anyone, anywhere, live. However, China has taken live streaming to a whole new level. In China, more than 100 million viewers monthly watch a live streaming video. Forbes thought that a number of factors had led to the popularity of the live streaming. Among them is viewers’ ability to interact with unknown names.
However, the quick development of social media may be having side effects too. Fake news is one serious problem it causes. Materials shared on these platforms are often not checked for accuracy. The most basic content can be false and can mislead users one way or another. We use social media all the time, which doesn’t mean that we understand the influence it is having on us. We should be mindful of both the time we spend on it and its impact on our minds.
12. What does the underlined word “volatility” in Paragraph 2 possibly mean
A. Being changeable. B. Being steady.
C. Being promising. D. Being violent.
13. According to Liza Koshy, why are short video apps very popular
A. They are very convenient. B. They help people kill time.
C. They provide a sense of community. D. They allow people to express themselves.
14. What do we know about social media
A. The information from social media is totally reliable.
B. When it comes to social media, people only know short videos.
C. People can’t communicate with each other without social media.
D. There is still much room for social media to make improvement.
15. What is the author’s attitude to the quick development of social media
A. Objective. B. Subjective.
C. Favourable. D. Disapproving.
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有两项为多余选项。
Advertisements are designed to persuade us, but which techniques are effective in talking us in to buy things
____16____ Normalization can lead to higher sales of junk food as people start to see these habits as normal. This is like product placement—where products are shown or mentioned in TV shows and films. Beth, an assistant professor of marketing and advertisement, tells us that product placement is most effective when it is not too obvious. ____17____ It seems that a subtle (不易察觉的) approach can be more persuasive.
Appealing to our emotions is another strategy advertisers use. ____18____ Jannet, a senior lecturer in communication studies, explains that for fear to be an effective tool, we need to believe: when fears are raised, people tend to take action to make a difference, like buying something. But when fears are exaggerated (夸大) or we feel helpless, we are likely to switch off.
Advertisements often show perfect-looking people because marketers believe that we will desire to be like them and buy the products they support. ____19____ The research that she mentions shows these ads can make people feel bad and put them off products. These studies say that seeing a more human side of people can lead us to believe them. ____20____
So, it seems that the best technique advertisers can use to persuade people is to fully understand the people they are selling to.
A. Some of them use fear to persuade us.
B. One way is simply to describe something as normal.
C. Superstars are gradually losing their commercial value.
D. We become defensive if we know that someone is trying to sell us something.
E. However, a researcher in marketing points out this may not be the best strategy.
F. A common technique to make an emotional impact is to create a memorable slogan.
G. And endorsements (代言) from characters who admit their mistakes can be more believable.
第三部分：语言运用 (共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题; 每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I’m not athletic. In high school, for example, I joined the soccer team for a year, ending up as a ___21___.
In 2020, I was in a difficult stage of life and wanted something to fight for. Therefore, though I’d never run even 5 kilometers before, I entered the lottery (抽签) to run a marathon, a ___22___ where only a small number of people are randomly selected. Somehow, my name was ___23___.
I figured the only way to finish the 42 kilometers was to start by running just one. But even one kilometer proved too hard, so I adjusted the ___24___. I ran several minutes at a time, and then walked to catch my ___25___. I repeated that for months. Besides, I read books, talked to friends and found coaches. Step by step, I became a ___26___.
Then the ___27___ day came when I showed up at the starting line with other competitors. Did I win Certainly not! Did I run 42 kilometers, cross the finishing line joyfully and receive my medal proudly ___28___!
Last year I decided to ___29___ my own business: a performing arts training centre for kids. I’ve always loved kids and arts, but I was ___30___ of business. Nevertheless, because of the marathon, I had a model for how to ___31___ it—step by step.
So, again: I read books, talked to friends and found ___32___. Through it all, I became a successful entrepreneur. I keep my Marathon medal above my desk not to___33___my achievements but to remind myself every big goal can always be ___34___ into individual steps. When you combine enough steps, you will ___35___ to the finishing line.
21. A. storyteller B. bystander C. benchwarmer D. cheerleader
22. A. process B. progress C. platform D. position
23. A. drawn B. claimed C. adopted D. employed
24. A. stage B. strategy C. standard D. status
25. A. attention B. balance C. energy D. breath
26. A. walker B. runner C. player D. jumper
27 A. due B. last C. big D. large
28. A. Likely B. Entirely C. Necessarily D. Absolutely
29. A. distinguish B. establish C. engage D. explore
30 A. ignorant B. aware C. short D. capable
31. A. improve B. promote C. arrange D. approach
32. A. colleagues B. coaches C. competitors D. cooperators
33. A. show off B. take off C. call off D. put off
34. A. boiled down B. come down C. broken down D. torn down
35 A. get it B. take it C. name it D. make it
第二节 (共 10 小题; 每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last month, 28–year–old model Huang Qian decided to add baduanjin (八段锦) to her daily routine. At first, she saw videos of people practicing____36____ social media platforms. So she ____37____ (natural) associated it with the kind of exercise favored by the elderly because of slow movements. Nevertheless, now Huang enjoys practicing the exercise, ____38____ stretches and relaxes her whole body. Baduanjin, ____39____ form of qigong, is a set of traditional Chinese fitness exercises____40____ (combine) physical movement with breathing and meditation. It____41____ (date) back to the Song Dynasty (960–1279). Baduanjin uses breathing and concentration techniques____42____ (improve) body and mind through eight well-designed sequences. ____43____ (compare) with other types of qigong exercise, such as tai chi and wuqinxi, baduanjin is more suited to beginners thanks to its simple, gentle movements. Huang was also excited to find out that one of her favorite fitness influencers German Pamela Reif, ____44____ (add) baduanjin to her workout videos already. The video has received more than 900,000 views, 49,000 likes and 24,000 reports since it was posted on Bilibili on Aug 8. Like many traditions, such as hanfu and music, baduanjin is receiving a growing____45____ (recognize) from people of all ages and is making a return to daily life.
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节 (满分 15 分)
46. 上周五，你校组织了一次以“科技让生活更美好”为主题的社会实践活动，学生们参观了一家科技公司。请你为学校英语角写一篇报道，介绍这次活动，内容包括以下要点：
1. 活动时间、主题；
2. 参观过程(听讲座、观摩并体验3D打印技术等)；
3. 活动感受。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Dad dipped his hand into my basket. “What’s that ” he asked. “Mew,”said the basket. “ Oh no,” he said. “ Not a cat. No way. ” I pulled Checkers from the basket. “ It’s not a cat. It’s a kitten. Can I keep him Please ” Dad frowned for a minute, thinking. Then he rubbed Checkers under the chin. “You’ll have to take good care of him. ” I hugged Checkers. “I will,” I promised. “He won’t be any trouble at all. ”
And Checkers wasn’t—until he grew into a cat. Sometimes he tripped Dad. “That cat!” Dad complained. Checkers climbed onto our roof. He had no trouble getting down. Usually he aimed for Dad. “That cat！”Dad yelled. Checkers flushed（冲水）the toilet，watching the water circle away. “That cat!”Dad groaned.
Checkers hid in strange places. He liked to surprise people. One day he hid under the couch. Dad walked by with a glass of orange juice. Checkers jumped out. He curled（蜷缩）around Dad’s ankle and attacked Dad’s toes. Orange juice spilt all over the floor. “Get out, Cat!” Dad roared. And he slammed the door.
Dad washed the scratches and peeled open bandages and wrapped them around his big toe and his ankle. I watched from the window. Checkers looked frustrated as he walked down the road. “I’m sorry. ” I said. “He was just playing. He didn’t mean to hurt you. ” “Don’t worry,” said Dad. “He will be back. ”
After supper I called for Checkers. But Checkers didn’t come. Nighttime came. I called and called. But still no Checkers. I left the porch light on. But the next morning Checkers still wasn’t there. I carried a picture of Checkers to all the neighbors. But nobody found Checkers. Days went by. Life wasn’t the same without that cat.
I was angry with Dad. I didn’t think he missed Checkers at all.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右：
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Then one night the phone rang.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
I looked at Dad “You put an ad in the paper ”
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案1-5 CACAB 6-10 CBBAC 11-15 BBACB 16-20 CABCA2023～2024 学年度第一学期高二年级第二次月考测试
英语试卷
本试卷满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 （共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
1.How soon will the party begin
A. In 5 minutes. B. In 10 minutes. C. In 30 minutes.
2.What does the woman offer to do
A. Help the man with his study. B. Send the man to the hospital.
C. Help the man ask for leave.
3.What do we know about the man
A. He arrived before 3:00 p.m. B. He didn’t make a reservation.
C. He can’t check in at the hotel.
4.What does the man suggest the woman do on Mother’s Day
A. Eat out. B. Stay in. C. Go to the movies.
5.What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. The weather. B. A gift. C. Their friend.
第二节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6.What has recently been done to the space
A. A new bathroom has been added. B. A private office has been built.
C. The walls have been painted.
7.What is the man most interested in about the space
A. The position. B. The rent. C. The size.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。
8.What does the woman think of the man’s paper
A. It’s interesting. B. It’s easy to finish. C. It’s hard to understand.
9.Why doesn’t the man want to write about clocks or umbrellas
A. He knows nothing about them. B. He is unwilling to do research on them.
C. He thinks everybody is going to write about them.
听第 8 段材料。回答第 10 至 12 题。
10.How long are most shops open in New York
A. 9 hours. B.10 hours. C.12 hours.
11.Where are the speakers
A In Paris. B. In London. C. In New York.
12.What is the woman’s opinion on Americans
A. Normal. B. Direct. C. Interesting.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13.When does the conversation take place
A. In the late morning. B. At noon. C. In the early afternoon.
14.What is the weather probably like
A. Windy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy.
15.What does the woman like best about the new job
A. The salary. B. The working time. C. The working conditions.
16.Where are the woman’s family living now
A. In Australia. B. In Mexico. C. In Britain.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17.When did Bill Wales leave his parents
A. At the age of 18. B. At the age of 20. C. At the age of 23.
18.How does Bill Wales pay his tuition
A. By asking his parents for money. B. By working in his spare time.
C. By borrowing from his roommates.
19.What did Bill Wales do after his second year at university
A. He moved to another place. B. He left London and found a job.
C. He left school and worked for a year.
20.Why did Bill Wales decide to move the second time
A. The rent of his room was raised. B. He couldn’t stand his roommates.
C. He didn’t get along well with the house-owner.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Donna Strickland was awarded the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Arthur Ashkin and Gérard Mourou.It’s the first time in 55 years that a woman has won this famous prize, but why has it taken so long We look at five other pioneering female physicists — past and present — who actually deserve the prize.
Jocelyn Bell Burnell
Perhaps the most famous snub (冷落): the student Bell discovered the first radio pulsars in 1967, when she was a PhD student at Cambridge.The Nobel Prize that recognised this landmark discovery in 1974, however, went to her male supervisor, Antony Hewish.Recently awarded a 2.3 million Breakthrough Prize, which she gave away to help under-represented students, she joked to The Guardian, “I feel I’ve done very well out of not getting a Nobel Prize.”
Lene Hau
Hau is best-known for leading the research team at Harvard University in 1999 that managed to slow a beam of light, before managing to stop it completely in 2001.Often topping Nobel Prize prediction lists, could 2019 be Hau’s year.
Vera Rubin
Rubin discovered dark matter in the 1980s, opening up a new field of astronomy.She died in 2016, without recognition from the committee.
Chien-Shiung Wu
Wu’s “Wu experiment” helped disprove the “law of conservation of parity”.Her experimental work was helpful but never honoured, and instead, her male colleagues won the 1957 Nobel Prize for their theoretical work behind the study.
Lise Meitner
Meitner led groundbreaking work on the discovery of nuclear fission.However, the discovery was acknowledged by the 1944 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, which was won by her male co-lead, Otto Hahn.
1. When was the discovery of radio pulsars recognised by the Nobel
A. In 1944． B. In 1967． C. In 1974． D. In 1980．
2. Which woman is most likely to win a Nobel Prize later according to the text
A. Donna Strickland. B. Jocelyn Bell Burnell.
C. Lene Hau. D. Vera Rubin.
3. What do we know about the five females
A. The five female scientists did greatly in chemistry.
B. Vera Rubin had opened up a new field in geometry.
C. Lise Meitner’s teacher won a Nobel Prize for her work.
D. The five female scientists haven’t been awarded Nobel Prize.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章从55年来第一位获诺贝尔物理学奖的女性谈起，介绍了另外五位原本有资格获得这个奖项的女科学家。
1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Jocelyn Bell Burnell中的“Perhaps the most famous snub (冷落): the student Bell discovered the first radio pulsars in 1967, when she was a PhD student at Cambridge. The Nobel Prize that recognised this landmark discovery in 1974, however, went to her male supervisor, Antony Hewish.(也许最著名的冷落是：1967年，当时还是学生的贝尔发现了第一颗射电脉冲星，当时她还是剑桥大学的一名博士生。然而，1974年的诺贝尔奖却将这一里程碑式的发现授予了她的男性导师安东尼·休伊什。)”可知，第一个射电脉冲星在1967年被发现，被授予诺贝尔奖是在1974年。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Lene Hau中的“Often topping Nobel Prize prediction lists, could 2019 be Hau’s year.(经常在诺贝尔奖预测名单上名列前茅，2019年可能是Hau的一年。)”可知，Lene Hau经常被列于诺贝尔奖预测名单上榜首，她最有可能获诺贝尔奖。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段总述中的“It’s the first time in 55 years that a woman has won this famous prize, but why has it taken so long We look at five other pioneering female physicists — past and present — who actually deserve the prize.(这是55年来第一次有女性获得这个著名的奖项，但为什么花了这么长时间？我们来看看其他五位女性物理学先驱——过去的和现在的——她们确实应该获得这个奖项。)”可知，这五位女科学家还没有获得诺贝尔奖。故选D。
B
I was at a new school in a new state and needed something solid to stand on: a place to feel grounded. I also needed to do laundry, so I walked to a nearby self-service laundry and stuffed a machine with my clothes. As I struggled to close the washer door, the woman working behind the counter told me to give it a good hit with my hand. The washer did its job, yet even after an hour, the dryer seemed to have barely warmed my clothes. I left, having decided to air-dry them on my car in the August heat.
A month later, I learned her name was Sandy, which she told me after I’d helped her stop a washing machine from moving across the floor. I was grading poems at a table when one of the washers broke loose and skipped an inch into the air. I jumped to the machine and held on while she unplugged it. The next week, Sandy told me dryer No. 8 was the fastest.
It went on like this. I’d do laundry once a week, usually Thursday or Friday. Sandy worked Tuesday through Saturday and we’d talk small while I folded clothes. She told me about her son and his grades, as well as the new dog they’d just adopted. She was fascinated that I was studying poetry. She teased (开玩笑) that it was harder making a living as a poet than as a laundry attendant. Even then I knew she was probably right.
I began to recognize others there: workers taking breaks by the door a mother and her baby, and even some delivery drivers. But Sandy was the center of my community. For nearly three years and almost every week, I’d do laundry and talk with her. We checked on each other, expecting the other to be there. We asked where the other had gone when we missed a week. There was a note of concern for the other’s absence, a note of joy at their return.
I’d found a place to stand on solid ground.
4. Why did the author leave with his wet clothes
A. He liked the August heat better. B. He had to go back to the meeting.
C. He wanted to show off his new car. D. He didn’t think the dryer worked well.
5. Why did Sandy tell the author to use dryer No. 8
A. She was warm-hearted. B. She needed a volunteer.
C. She wanted to thank him. D. She was sorry for the mess.
6. What did Sandy think of a career in poetry
A. It was harder to fulfill. B. It was really fascinating.
C. It was badly-paid work. D. It needed a lot of effort.
7. What can be inferred about the author from the passage
A. He formed a close friendship with Sandy.
B. He made a lot of friends in college.
C. He expected Sandy to do laundry for him.
D. He often wrote to Sandy after graduation.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者来到了一个新的学校，需要一些坚实的东西让他感到踏实，之后作者遇到了Sandy，两人建立了亲密的关系，作者找到了归属感。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The washer did its job, yet even after an hour, the dryer seemed to have barely warmed my clothes. I left, having decided to air-dry them on my car in the August heat.(洗衣机的工作完成了，但即使过了一个小时，烘干机似乎也几乎没有烘干我的衣服。我离开了，决定在8月的高温下在车上风干它们)”可知，作者之所以拿着湿衣服离开是因为他认为烘干机没用。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“A month later, I learned her name was Sandy, which she told me after I’d helped her stop a washing machine from moving across the floor. I was grading poems at a table when one of the washers broke loose and skipped an inch into the air. I jumped to the machine and held on while she unplugged it. The next week, Sandy told me dryer No.8 was the fastest.(一个月后，我才知道她的名字叫Sandy，是在我帮她阻止一台洗衣机在地板上移动后，她告诉我的。当时我正在桌子旁批改诗歌，突然一个洗衣机松开了，飞到空中一英寸。我跳到洗衣机前，抓住不放，她拔下插头。第二个星期，Sandy告诉我8号烘干机是最快的)”可推知，Sandy告诉作者8号烘干机最快是因为她想对作者表达感谢。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“She teased (开玩笑) that it was harder making a living as a poet than as a laundry attendant. Even then I knew she was probably right.(她开玩笑说，当诗人比当洗衣工更难谋生。即使那时我也知道她可能是对的)”可推知，Sandy认为诗人的待遇太差。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“But Sandy was the center of my community. For nearly three years and almost every week, I’d do laundry and talk with her. We checked on each other and expected the other to be there. We asked where the other had gone when we missed a week.(但Sandy是我生活的中心。在将近三年的时间里，几乎每个星期，我都会一边洗衣服一边和她聊天。我们互相查看对方在不在，并期望对方在那里。当我们错过一个星期的时候，我们会问对方去了哪里)”可推知，作者和Sandy之间建立了亲密的友谊。故选A。
C
Humans are not the animal kingdom's only fashionistas. Tits ( ill雀) can be fashion followers, too, apparently. A latest study shows that, given the chance, they decorate their nests with this season's must-have colour.
Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin were following up on a study published in 1934 by Henry Smith Williams, an American naturalist. He noticed that when he put various coloured balls of yarn (纱) out in his garden, almost always one and only one became popular that season for being included into local birds' nests. But which particular color was favoured varied from season to season. This suggested that the colour chosen by one of the early birds was spotted and copied by others.
Williams's work was, however, forgotten until they came across it while following up on a different study, published by a team at the University of Toulouse, suggesting fashion-following, too. Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin therefore set out to re-run Williams's experiment, but this time to collect some actual numbers.
The birds they followed were part of a well-monitored population of blue tits in a wood near the institute. Most birds in this wood carried tracking devices fitted to them after their capture in mist nets. That allowed the institute's researchers to keep track of a vast number of individuals by recording their arrival at food containers throughout the wood. Instead of food, these containers were loaded with wool of different colors. Interestingly, researchers soon found that most nests of blue tits included only the color of the wool first chosen by a nestbuildcr.
Tits, then, do seem to be “on trend”, when it comes to nest-building materials. Why that should happen remains obscure. Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin suspect the fashion leaders are older birds, and that evolution favours younger ones copying their elders since those elders have evidently survived what fortune has to throw at a tit. Williams’s original work, though, suggests such initial choices are at random-a bit like those of the leaders of human fashions.
8. What can we learn from Paragraph 2
A. Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin contributed to William's work.
B. Early birds' color preference was copied by their fellows.
C. The yam was the most popular material to decorate local birds' nests.
D. The color of the yam favored by local birds was fixed throughout the year.
9. How did Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin improve William's experiment
A. They observed the blue tits.
B. They studied the habits of blue tits.
C. They adopted the data-collecting method.
D. They fitted tracking devices to food containers.
10. What does the underlined word “obscure” in Paragraph 5 mean
A. Hidden. B. Evident. C. Complicated. D. Shallow.
11. What is the main idea of the text
A. Birds favor certain colors in decoration.
B. Young birds follow their elders in fashion.
C. Young birds are just as intelligent as people.
D. Birds are just as fashion-conscious as people.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。人类并不是动物界唯一的时尚达人。研究表明，山雀也像人类一样追随潮流，用流行色装点巢穴。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二自然段“He noticed that when he put various coloured balls of yarn (纱) out in his garden, almost always one and only one became popular that season for being included into local birds' nests. But which particular color was favoured varied from season to season. This suggested that the colour chosen by one of the early birds was spotted and copied by others. (他注意到，当他把各种颜色的纱线球放在花园里时，几乎总是有一种，而且只有一种因为被放进当地的鸟巢而在那个季节流行起来。但哪种颜色受到青睐因季节而异。这表明，其中一只早期鸟类选择的颜色被其他鸟类发现并模仿了。)”可知，最开始的鸟类的颜色偏好被它们的同伴模仿了。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三自然段“Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin therefore set out to re-run Williams's experiment, but this time to collect some actual numbers. (因此，Wild博士和Aplin博士开始重新进行Williams的实验，但这次是为了收集一些实际数字。)”可知，Wild博士和Aplin博士采用了数据收集的方法来改进Williams的实验。故选C。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第五自然段“Dr. Wild and Dr. Aplin suspect the fashion leaders are older birds, and that evolution favours younger ones copying their elders since those elders have evidently survived what fortune has to throw at a tit. (Wild博士和Aplin博士怀疑时尚界的领导者都是年纪较大的鸟，进化倾向于年轻人模仿他们的长辈，因为这些长辈显然在命运的洗礼中幸存了下来。)”中的suspect可推知，为什么会发生这种情况还不清楚。obscure意为“不清楚的；隐蔽的”。A. Hidden.隐蔽的；B. Evident.显然的；C. Complicated.复杂的；D. Shallow. 肤浅的。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一自然段“Humans are not the animal kingdom's only fashionistas. Tits ( ill雀) can be fashion followers, too, apparently. A latest study shows that, given the chance, they decorate their nests with this season's must-have colour. (人类并不是动物王国中唯一的时尚达人。显然，山雀也可以成为时尚追随者。一项最新研究表明，如果有机会，它们会用本季必备的颜色装饰巢穴。)”可知，本文主要讲的是鸟类像人类一样追随潮流。D项“Birds are just as fashion-conscious as people. (鸟类和人一样具有时尚意识)”最能概括本文大意。故选D。
D
In the past decade, the use of social media has grown in a way that no one could have guessed. It has turned some teenagers into celebrities and turned the famous into the infamous, overnight.
A key feature of social media, however, is its volatility. Trends come and go, disappearing almost as quickly as they appeared.
Short video apps such as TikTok and its Chinese equivalent (等同物) Douyin, took the world by storm. The Telegraph reported that TikTok was ranked 8th on Apple’s App Store in April. And Douyin had more than 300 million domestic monthly active users in June, CNBC said.
Why are these short videos — which are rarely longer than a few minutes — so popular Jiang Yige, Singapore-based analyst at FengHe Fund Management, has a theory. “Short videos are just right to fill in the little gaps in our busy schedules,” he told CNBC.
These videos — apart from being very convenient — are important to teenagers because they allow them to express themselves, according to Teen Vogue.
Liza Koshy, a user of the US app Musical, who has over 2 million followers, said, “The sense of community that users of short video apps get is another appealing feature.”
Live streaming (直播) is a feature of our social media life that now seems as natural as sunrise. It’s a pretty neat idea: You can watch anyone, anywhere, live. However, China has taken live streaming to a whole new level. In China, more than 100 million viewers monthly watch a live streaming video. Forbes thought that a number of factors had led to the popularity of the live streaming. Among them is viewers’ ability to interact with unknown names.
However, the quick development of social media may be having side effects too. Fake news is one serious problem it causes. Materials shared on these platforms are often not checked for accuracy. The most basic content can be false and can mislead users one way or another. We use social media all the time, which doesn’t mean that we understand the influence it is having on us. We should be mindful of both the time we spend on it and its impact on our minds.
12. What does the underlined word “volatility” in Paragraph 2 possibly mean
A. Being changeable. B. Being steady.
C. Being promising. D. Being violent.
13. According to Liza Koshy, why are short video apps very popular
A. They are very convenient. B. They help people kill time.
C. They provide a sense of community. D. They allow people to express themselves.
14. What do we know about social media
A. The information from social media is totally reliable.
B. When it comes to social media, people only know short videos.
C. People can’t communicate with each other without social media.
D. There is still much room for social media to make improvement.
15. What is the author’s attitude to the quick development of social media
A. Objective. B. Subjective.
C. Favourable. D. Disapproving.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着信息技术的发展，社交媒体越来越普及，一些短视频平台受到了人们的欢迎，直播行业也得以迅速发展。然而社交媒体极具多变性，我们必须正视其利弊，思考其对我们的影响。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句的下一句“Trends come and go, disappearing almost as quickly as they appeared. (趋势此起彼伏，消失的速度几乎和出现的速度一样快)”可知，这里描述潮流就像是昙花一现，其出现和消失的速度一样快。由此可推知，社交媒体是易变的。所以volatility意为“易变”。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段“Liza Koshy, a user of the US app Musical, who has over 2 million followers, said, “The sense of community that users of short video apps get is another appealing feature.”(拥有200多万粉丝的美国应用Musical的用户Liza Koshy说：“短视频应用程序用户获得的社区感是另一个吸引人的功能。”)”可知，莉莎·科希认为短视频应用程序非常受欢迎是因为它能让用户拥有社区意识。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“However, the quick development of social media may be having side effects too. Fake news is one serious problem it causes. Materials shared on these platforms are often not checked for accuracy. The most basic content can be false and can mislead users one way or another. (然而，社交媒体的快速发展也可能产生副作用。假新闻是它造成的一个严重问题。在这些平台上共享的材料通常不会进行准确性检查。最基本的内容可能是虚假的，并可能以某种方式误导用户。)”可知，社交媒体的快速发展也可能产生副作用，所以，它还有很大的改进空间。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段“Liza Koshy, a user of the US app Musical, who has over 2 million followers, said, “The sense of community that users of short video apps get is another appealing feature.”(拥有200多万粉丝的美国应用Musical的用户Liza Koshy说：“短视频应用程序用户获得的社区感是另一个吸引人的功能。”)”可知，作者引用别人的观点来说明社交媒体的益处。再根据最后一段“However, the quick development of social media may be having side effects too. Fake news is one serious problem it causes. Materials shared on these platforms are often not checked for accuracy. The most basic content can be false and can mislead users one way or another. We use social media all the time, which doesn’t mean that we understand the influence it is having on us. We should be mindful of both the time we spend on it and its impact on our minds. (然而，社交媒体的快速发展也可能产生副作用。假新闻是它造成的一个严重问题。在这些平台上共享的材料通常不会进行准确性检查。最基本的内容可能是虚假的，并可能以某种方式误导用户。我们一直在使用社交媒体，这并不意味着我们理解它对我们的影响。我们应该注意我们在社交媒体上花费的时间及其对我们思想的影响。)”可知，作者又介绍了社交媒体的弊端，并详细介绍了其可能产生的负面影响。由此可推知，作者对社交媒体的快速发展持客观态度。故选A。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有两项为多余选项。
Advertisements are designed to persuade us, but which techniques are effective in talking us in to buy things
____16____ Normalization can lead to higher sales of junk food as people start to see these habits as normal. This is like product placement—where products are shown or mentioned in TV shows and films. Beth, an assistant professor of marketing and advertisement, tells us that product placement is most effective when it is not too obvious. ____17____ It seems that a subtle (不易察觉的) approach can be more persuasive.
Appealing to our emotions is another strategy advertisers use. ____18____ Jannet, a senior lecturer in communication studies, explains that for fear to be an effective tool, we need to believe: when fears are raised, people tend to take action to make a difference, like buying something. But when fears are exaggerated (夸大) or we feel helpless, we are likely to switch off.
Advertisements often show perfect-looking people because marketers believe that we will desire to be like them and buy the products they support. ____19____ The research that she mentions shows these ads can make people feel bad and put them off products. These studies say that seeing a more human side of people can lead us to believe them. ____20____
So, it seems that the best technique advertisers can use to persuade people is to fully understand the people they are selling to.
A. Some of them use fear to persuade us.
B. One way is simply to describe something as normal.
C. Superstars are gradually losing their commercial value.
D. We become defensive if we know that someone is trying to sell us something.
E. However, a researcher in marketing points out this may not be the best strategy.
F. A common technique to make an emotional impact is to create a memorable slogan.
G. And endorsements (代言) from characters who admit their mistakes can be more believable.
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. A 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些有效的广告技巧，这些技巧能说服我们买东西。
【16题详解】
空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据本段“Normalization can lead to higher sales of junk food as people start to see these habits as normal. This is like product placement—where products are shown or mentioned in TV shows and films. (正常化会导致垃圾食品的销量增加，因为人们开始认为这些习惯是正常的。这就像植入式广告——在电视节目和电影中展示或提到产品。)”可知，在广告中自然呈现商品，表现得拥有这些商品很正常，会有利于商品售出。选项B“One way is simply to describe something as normal. (一种方法是简单地把某事描述为正常。)”与下文内容一致，指的都是将商品呈现得正常化。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据空前“Beth, an assistant professor of marketing and advertisement, tells us that product placement is most effective when it is not too obvious. (市场营销和广告学助理教授贝丝告诉我们，植入式广告在不太明显的情况下最有效。)”可知，植入式广告在不太明显的情况下最有效。选项D“We become defensive if we know that someone is trying to sell us something. (如果我们知道有人试图向我们推销什么东西，我们就会变得有戒心。)”是上文内容的延续，指的是如果我们发觉有人试图向我们推销什么东西，我们就会有戒心。同时与空后“It seems that a subtle (不易察觉的) approach can be more persuasive. (似乎不易察觉的方法可能更有说服力。)”保持一致。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据空后内容“Jannet, a senior lecturer in communication studies, explains that for fear to be an effective tool, we need to believe: when fears are raised, people tend to take action to make a difference, like buying something. But when fears are exaggerated (夸大) or we feel helpless, we are likely to switch off. (传播学高级讲师珍妮特解释说，要使恐惧成为一种有效工具，我们需要相信：当恐惧被唤起时，人们倾向于采取行动来改变，比如买东西。但是当恐惧被夸大或者我们感到无助时，我们很可能就会停止。)”可知，下文讲述的是有时候恐惧有时候会让我们购物。选项A“Some of them use fear to persuade us. (他们中的一些人用恐惧来说服我们。)”与下文内容一致，故选A。
【19题详解】
根据空前“Advertisements often show perfect-looking people because marketers believe that we will desire to be like them and buy the products they support .(广告中经常出现长相完美的人，因为营销人员相信我们会渴望像他们一样，购买他们支持的产品。)”可知，有时候广告中会出现长相完美的人，因为营销人员相信我们会渴望像他们一样，购买他们支持的产品。而空后“The research that she mentions shows these ads can make people feel bad and put them off products. (她提到的研究表明，这些广告会让人们感觉不好，让他们放弃产品。)”可知，研究表明这些广告并不会起效。选项E“However, a researcher in marketing points out this may not be the best strategy. (然而，一位市场研究人员指出，这可能不是最好的策略。)”承上启下，承接上文说明这个策略不好，引出下文具体的研究结果。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据上文内容“The research that she mentions shows these ads can make people feel bad and put them off products. These studies say that seeing a more human side of people can lead us to believe them. (她提到的研究表明，这些广告会让人们感觉不好，让他们放弃产品。这些研究表明，看到人们更人性化的一面会让我们相信他们。)”可知，如果代言产品的人会有人性化的一面会使广告更可信。选项G“And endorsements (代言) from characters who admit their mistakes can be more believable.(会承认错误的代言人所代言的产品会更可信。)”与上文内容一致，指的都是代言人更具人性化会使广告更可信。故选G。
第三部分：语言运用 (共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题; 每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I’m not athletic. In high school, for example, I joined the soccer team for a year, ending up as a ___21___.
In 2020, I was in a difficult stage of life and wanted something to fight for. Therefore, though I’d never run even 5 kilometers before, I entered the lottery (抽签) to run a marathon, a ___22___ where only a small number of people are randomly selected. Somehow, my name was ___23___.
I figured the only way to finish the 42 kilometers was to start by running just one. But even one kilometer proved too hard, so I adjusted the ___24___. I ran several minutes at a time, and then walked to catch my ___25___. I repeated that for months. Besides, I read books, talked to friends and found coaches. Step by step, I became a ___26___.
Then the ___27___ day came when I showed up at the starting line with other competitors. Did I win Certainly not! Did I run 42 kilometers, cross the finishing line joyfully and receive my medal proudly ___28___!
Last year I decided to ___29___ my own business: a performing arts training centre for kids. I’ve always loved kids and arts, but I was ___30___ of business. Nevertheless, because of the marathon, I had a model for how to ___31___ it—step by step.
So, again: I read books, talked to friends and found ___32___. Through it all, I became a successful entrepreneur. I keep my Marathon medal above my desk not to___33___my achievements but to remind myself every big goal can always be ___34___ into individual steps. When you combine enough steps, you will ___35___ to the finishing line.
21. A. storyteller B. bystander C. benchwarmer D. cheerleader
22. A. process B. progress C. platform D. position
23. A. drawn B. claimed C. adopted D. employed
24. A. stage B. strategy C. standard D. status
25. A. attention B. balance C. energy D. breath
26. A. walker B. runner C. player D. jumper
27. A. due B. last C. big D. large
28. A. Likely B. Entirely C. Necessarily D. Absolutely
29. A. distinguish B. establish C. engage D. explore
30. A. ignorant B. aware C. short D. capable
31. A. improve B. promote C. arrange D. approach
32. A. colleagues B. coaches C. competitors D. cooperators
33. A. show off B. take off C. call off D. put off
34. A. boiled down B. come down C. broken down D. torn down
35. A. get it B. take it C. name it D. make it
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者是如何从最初的不擅长运动，一步一步进行自我锻炼，最终在马拉松比赛中，跑完全程42公里，并获得了奖牌的经历。作者也因此明白了“不积跬步，无以至千里”的道理，最终成为了一名成功的企业家。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，在高中时，我参加了一年的足球队，最后成为了一名替补队员。A. storyteller讲故事的人；B. bystander旁观者；C. benchwarmer替补队员；D. cheerleader啦啦队长。根据上一句“I’m not athletic.”（我不是运动型的。）可知，作者不擅长运动，所以他在足球队待了一年，最后只能是个替补。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，虽然我之前从未跑过5公里，但我参加了一个抽签，即随机抽取一小部分人的过程来跑马拉松。A. process过程；B. progress进步；C. platform平台；D. position职位、位置。分析句子可知，空处为“the lottery”的同位语，结合常识，抽签是一个抽取所需人员名单的过程，故空处表示“过程”。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，我的名字被抽到了。A. drawn抽取；B. claimed声称；C. adopted采用；D. employed雇佣。根据上一句的“I entered the lottery (抽签) to run a marathon,”（我参加了一个跑马拉松的抽签。）和下文“I figured the only way to finish the 42 kilometers was to start by running just one.”（我认为完成42公里的唯一方法就是从跑一公里开始。）可知，作者参加了跑马拉松的抽签，开始考虑如何跑完42公里，说明他被抽到了参加马拉松比赛。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但即使是一公里也太难了，所以我调整了策略。A. stage阶段、舞台；B. strategy策略；C. standard标准；D. status地位。根据上一句“I figured the only way to finish the 42 kilometers was to start by running just one.”（我认为完成42公里的唯一方法就是从跑一公里开始。）和下一句“I ran several minutes at a time, and then walked to catch my 5 . ”（我一次跑几分钟，然后步行喘口气。）可知，作者最初的跑步方法是从跑一公里开始，但因感到吃力，所以调整为一次跑几分钟后步行，说明他调整了跑步策略。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一次跑几分钟，然后步行喘口气。A. attention注意；B. balance平衡；C. energy能量、精力；D. breath呼吸；catch one’s breath喘口气。根据上一句“But even one kilometer proved too hard,”（但即使是一公里也太难了。）可知，作者一下子跑一公里感到很吃力，所以他调整了策略，改为一次跑几分钟，然后步行，应该是为了让自己喘口气，休息一下。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意： 一步一步，我成为了一名跑步者。A. walker步行者；B. runner跑步者；C. player选手；D. jumper跳跃者。根据前文“I ran several minutes at a time, and then walked to catch my 5 . I repeated that for months. Besides, I read books, talked to friends and found coaches.”（我一次跑几分钟，然后步行喘口气。我重复这种方法好几个月。）和下文“Then the 7 day came when I showed up at the starting line with other competitors.”（然后，当我和其他选手一起出现在起跑线上时，重要的一天到来了。）可知，作者几个月来不断重复自己练习跑步的方式，最终和其他选手一起参加了比赛，可见他逐渐成为了一名跑步者。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，当我和其他选手一起出现在起跑线上时，重要的一天到来了。A. due到期的；B. last最后的；C. big大的、重要的；big day重要的日子；D. large大的、广泛的。根据前文“I repeated that for months.”（我重复这样跑了好几个月。）可知，作者为了这场比赛，训练了好几个月，终于迎来了比赛的日子，这对他来说，应该是非常重要的一天。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我跑了42公里，高兴地冲过终点线，自豪地得到奖牌了吗？绝对的！A. Likely可能；B. Entirely完全地；C. Necessarily必要地；D. Absolutely绝对地。根据最后一段“I keep my Marathon medal above my desk”（我把我的马拉松奖牌放在桌子上方）可知，作者最终冲过了终点，非常自豪地赢得了奖牌，这是非常确定的。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年我决定建立自己的事业：一个儿童表演艺术培训中心。A. distinguish区分；B. establish成立、建立；C. engage参与；D. explore探索。根据下文“Through it all, I became a successful entrepreneur.”（经过这一切，我成为了一名成功的企业家。）可知，作者成为了一名成功的企业家，说明他拥有自己的事业，故去年他应该是决定建立自己的事业。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一直喜欢孩子和艺术，但我对生意一无所知。A. ignorant无知的、不了解的；B. aware知道的、意识到的；C. short缺少的；D. capable有能力的。根据前文“Last year I decided to 9 my own business: ”（去年我决定建立自己的事业：）和本句中的转折词“but”可知，作者虽然决定建立自己的事业，但是他应该并不懂得如何作生意。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，因为马拉松，我有了一个如何一步一步应对它的例子。A. improve提高、改善；B. promote促进、促销；C. arrange安排；D. approach处理、对付。根据第三、四段内容和其中“Step by step, I became a 6 .”（一步一步，我成为了一名跑步者。）可知，作者从一开始跑一公里都感到吃力，到后来用自己的方法，一步一步地成为了一名跑步者，跑完了马拉松的全程42公里，并获得了奖牌，说明作者找到了应对它的方法——一步一步地进行，这也成为他学做事业的例子。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，再一次：我看书，和朋友聊天，找教练。A. colleagues同事；B. coaches教练；C. competitors竞争者；D. cooperators合作者。根据第三段“Besides, I read books, talked to friends and found coaches.”（此外，我看书，和朋友聊天，找教练。）和本句中的“again”可知，作者再一次地看书，和朋友聊天，找教练。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我把我的马拉松奖牌放在桌子上，不是为了炫耀我的成就，而是为了提醒自己，每个大目标都可以分解成一个个的步骤。A. show off炫耀；B. take off脱下；C. call off取消；D. put off推迟。根据句中“I keep my Marathon medal above my desk”和“but to remind myself...”和常识可知，很多人把奖牌放在桌子上是为了向别人炫耀自己的获得的成绩，而作者却是为了提醒自己每个大目标都可以分解成一个个的步骤。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名动词短语辨析。句意：我把我的马拉松奖牌放在桌子上，不是为了炫耀我的成就，而是为了提醒自己，每个大目标都可以分解成一个个的步骤。A. boiled down浓缩；B. come down下来、降低；C. broken down分解；D. torn down拆除。根据句中“every big goal”和“individual steps”和前文“Nevertheless, because of the marathon, I had a model for how to 11 it—step by step.”（然而，因为马拉松，我有了一个如何一步一步应对它的例子。）可知，作者通过马拉松，懂得要实现一个大目标，就要一步一步来应对，也就是要把每个大的目标分解成一个一个步骤来进行。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意： 当你把足够多的步骤结合起来，你就会到达终点线。A. get it理解、明白；B take it开始做某事；C. name it命名；D. make it成功、达到目标。根据前文“Did I run 42 kilometers, cross the finishing line joyfully and receive my medal proudly 8 !”（我跑了42公里，高兴地冲过终点线，自豪地得到奖牌了吗？绝对的！）和“Through it all, I became a successful entrepreneur.”（经过这一切，我成为了一名成功的企业家。）可知，作者通过做好每一步，最终成功地到达了终点，获得了成功。故选D。
第二节 (共 10 小题; 每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last month, 28–year–old model Huang Qian decided to add baduanjin (八段锦) to her daily routine. At first, she saw videos of people practicing____36____ social media platforms. So she ____37____ (natural) associated it with the kind of exercise favored by the elderly because of slow movements. Nevertheless, now Huang enjoys practicing the exercise, ____38____ stretches and relaxes her whole body. Baduanjin, ____39____ form of qigong, is a set of traditional Chinese fitness exercises____40____ (combine) physical movement with breathing and meditation. It____41____ (date) back to the Song Dynasty (960–1279). Baduanjin uses breathing and concentration techniques____42____ (improve) body and mind through eight well-designed sequences. ____43____ (compare) with other types of qigong exercise, such as tai chi and wuqinxi, baduanjin is more suited to beginners thanks to its simple, gentle movements. Huang was also excited to find out that one of her favorite fitness influencers German Pamela Reif, ____44____ (add) baduanjin to her workout videos already. The video has received more than 900,000 views, 49,000 likes and 24,000 reports since it was posted on Bilibili on Aug 8. Like many traditions, such as hanfu and music, baduanjin is receiving a growing____45____ (recognize) from people of all ages and is making a return to daily life.
【答案】36. on 37. naturally
38. which 39. a
bining
41. dates 42. to improve
pared
44. had added
45. recognition
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一位28岁的模特黄倩决定把八段锦加入她的日常锻炼中，并介绍了八段锦的相关情况。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：起初，她在社交媒体平台上看到了人们练习的视频。此处是固定搭配：on social media platforms意为“在社交媒体平台上”。故填on。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：所以她很自然地把它和老年人喜欢的那种运动联系在一起，因为动作缓慢。空处修饰空后的动词，应该用副词修饰。故填naturally。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：尽管如此，现在黄还是很喜欢做这项运动，它可以伸展和放松她的整个身体。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面提到的事，在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：八段锦是气功的一种形式，是一套将身体运动与呼吸和冥想相结合的中国传统健身运动。form以为“形式”，为可数名词，句中用的单数，前应用不定冠词修饰，form为辅音音素开头，用a修饰。故填a。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：八段锦是气功的一种形式，是一套将身体运动与呼吸和冥想相结合的中国传统健身运动。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词is，空处需填非谓语动词作定语，exercises和combine为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填combining。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：它可以追溯到宋朝(960-1279)。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为it，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：八段锦运用呼吸和专注技术，通过八个精心设计的序列来改善身心。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词uses，空处需填动词不定式作目的状语。故填to improve。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：与其他类型的气功运动，如太极拳和五禽戏相比，八段锦由于其简单，轻柔的动作更适合初学者。分析句子结构可知，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，baduanjin和compare为逻辑动宾关系，需填过去分词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Compared。
【44题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：黄还兴奋地发现，她最喜欢的健身达人之一德国人帕梅拉·赖夫(Pamela Reif)已经在她的健身视频中添加了八段锦。空处为宾语从句的谓语，根据“already”和“was also excited to find out”可知，此处使用过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”。故填had added。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：像汉服和音乐等许多传统一样，八段锦越来越受到各年龄段人们的认可，并正在回归日常生活。不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词，空处需填名词作宾语，recognize的名词形式是recognition。故填recognition。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节 (满分 15 分)
46. 上周五，你校组织了一次以“科技让生活更美好”为主题的社会实践活动，学生们参观了一家科技公司。请你为学校英语角写一篇报道，介绍这次活动，内容包括以下要点：
1. 活动时间、主题；
2. 参观过程(听讲座、观摩并体验3D打印技术等)；
3. 活动感受。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Last Friday witnessed an extraordinary activity organized by our school, whose theme was “Technology makes life better”.
In the morning, we set off for a technology company. An engineer there welcomed us and gave a lecture on 3D printing, introducing its history, development and application in various fields. After that, he showed us how the 3D printer works. We were amazed at the magic of technology and couldn’t wait to give it a try. Our group first designed a 3D model of a bike and then operated the printer as instructed. Watching the bike gradually taking shape, we felt more than excited.
Definitely, this was an educative and eye-opening activity in which I was impressed with the convenience and benefits brought by technology.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于新闻报道。要求考生为学校英语角写一篇报道，介绍这次以“科技让生活更美好”为主题的社会实践活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
出发：set off→start
演讲：lecture→speech
吃惊的：amazed→surprised
观察：watch→observe
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Watching the bike gradually taking shape, we felt more than excited.
拓展句：When we watched the bike gradually taking shape, we felt more than excited.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Watching the bike gradually taking shape, we felt more than excited. (运用了非谓语动词现在分词作状语)
【高分句型2】Definitely, this was an educative and eye-opening activity in which I was impressed with the convenience and benefits brought by technology. (运用了介词+which引导的限制性定语从句)
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Dad dipped his hand into my basket. “What’s that ” he asked. “Mew,”said the basket. “ Oh no,” he said. “ Not a cat. No way. ” I pulled Checkers from the basket. “ It’s not a cat. It’s a kitten. Can I keep him Please ” Dad frowned for a minute, thinking. Then he rubbed Checkers under the chin. “You’ll have to take good care of him. ” I hugged Checkers. “I will,” I promised. “He won’t be any trouble at all. ”
And Checkers wasn’t—until he grew into a cat. Sometimes he tripped Dad. “That cat!” Dad complained. Checkers climbed onto our roof. He had no trouble getting down. Usually he aimed for Dad. “That cat！”Dad yelled. Checkers flushed（冲水）the toilet，watching the water circle away. “That cat!”Dad groaned.
Checkers hid in strange places. He liked to surprise people. One day he hid under the couch. Dad walked by with a glass of orange juice. Checkers jumped out. He curled（蜷缩）around Dad’s ankle and attacked Dad’s toes. Orange juice spilt all over the floor. “Get out, Cat!” Dad roared. And he slammed the door.
Dad washed the scratches and peeled open bandages and wrapped them around his big toe and his ankle. I watched from the window. Checkers looked frustrated as he walked down the road. “I’m sorry. ” I said. “He was just playing. He didn’t mean to hurt you. ” “Don’t worry,” said Dad. “He will be back. ”
After supper I called for Checkers. But Checkers didn’t come. Nighttime came. I called and called. But still no Checkers. I left the porch light on. But the next morning Checkers still wasn’t there. I carried a picture of Checkers to all the neighbors. But nobody found Checkers. Days went by. Life wasn’t the same without that cat.
I was angry with Dad. I didn’t think he missed Checkers at all.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右：
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Then one night the phone rang
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Paragraph 2:
I looked at Dad “You put an ad in the paper ”
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【答案】 Then one night the phone rang. Not knowing what had happened, I just saw Dad's face light up. “We'll be right over,” said Dad. Immediately, we drove to a nearby farm. The farmer opened the barn door. A black and white cat ran out like a flash. I rubbed my eyes. “Checkers!” I cried. I scooped him up. And Checkers purred. “I miss you so much!” I said, rubbing noses with Checkers. The farmer smiled. “Good thing I saw that advertisement in the paper.”
I looked at Dad “You put an ad in the paper ” As Checkers jumped up and down around Dad, he patted Checkers gently. It was then that I realized Dad was not a little concerned about our cat. Checkers batted at him with his paw. Dad laughed, “That cat,” he said, “It's good to have him back.” And I, then, warmed up by these two family members, stood up for a while, with tears welling up in my eyes.
【解析】
【导语】本文以动物为线索展开，讲述了作者收养了一只小猫，他经过保证小猫会老老实实而苦苦哀求爸爸同意了他饲养这只猫，可是这只小猫制造了很多混乱，还离家出走，作者四处发放寻猫启示，还误解爸爸不喜欢这只猫，终于有一天作者爸爸收到电话找到了小猫，同时证明了爸爸也是爱这只小猫的。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然后有一天晚上，电话响了。”可知，第一段可描写到达找到小猫的地点，找到小猫。
②由第二段首句内容“我看着爸爸，“你在报纸上放了个广告吗？””可知，第二段可描写小猫和爸爸也很亲昵，作者看到爸爸和小猫的亲密关系而感动
2.续写线索：接到电话——开车去农场——找到Checkers——爸爸不好意思——爸爸和猫很亲昵——作者感动
3.词汇激活
行为类
①发生：happen/occur
②.轻拍：pat/clap
③.关心：be concerned about/care for
情绪类
①.立即，马上：immediately/at once
②.流泪：with tears welling up in my eyes / tears running down my face
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Not knowing what had happened, I just saw Dad's face light up.（由what引导的宾语从句作knowing的宾语）
[高分句型2]. As Checkers jumped up and down around Dad, he patted Checkers gently.（由as引导时间状语从句)
听力答案1-5 CACAB 6-10 CBBAC 11-15 BBACB 16-20 CABCA
