2023-2024学年上海市高二上学期12月英语学情调研英语试题(原卷版+ 解析版)

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名称 2023-2024学年上海市高二上学期12月英语学情调研英语试题(原卷版+ 解析版)
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闵行中学2023学年第一学期高二年级12月
英语学科 学情调研卷
考试时间:120分钟 满分:150分
I. Listening Comprehension (25’)
Section A Short Conversations
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. Job applicants. B. University students. C. News reporters. D. Public speakers.
2. A. $36. B. $60. C. $24. D. $30.
3. A. Nervous. B. Excited. C. Surprised. D. Calm.
4. A. They can hardly find time to do exercise.
B. Both of them are fond of doing exercise.
C. Doing exercise is the last thing they’d like to do.
D. The woman disagrees to do exercise with the man.
5. A. Student and teacher. B. Guest and receptionist.
C. Customer and shop assistant. D. Daughter and father.
6. A. The Student Union. B. The Tutoring Service Center.
C. Her professor’s office. D. Her tutor’s home.
7. A. The coverage of newspapers. B. The nature of humans.
C. The increase of crime rate. D. The impact of mass media.
8. A. Doctor Green is very busy on Mondays.
B. Doctor Green forgot to put the man on the schedule.
C. An unexpected patient visited Doctor Green last Monday.
D. Patients can usually see Doctor Green on schedule.
9. A. She is disappointed with his decision.
B. She is crazy about going camping in the tropical jungle.
C. She tries to persuade the man not to go with Jerry.
D. She suggests the man reconsider his plan.
10. A. Because he favors goods in physical stores.
B. Because he enjoys the offline shopping experience.
C. Because he doesn’t have much money.
D. Because he doesn’t like the shopping festival.
Section B Passages
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. A number of giant rats are hidden in the fields or forests.
B. Violent robbers may come out and hurt innocent civilians.
C. People may step onto a landmine and get injured.
D. Other roads have a litter problem, which spoils good mood.
12. A. It is a rare species of rat. B. It has a good sense of smell.
C. It sacrifices its life to detect dangers. D. It is terrified of explosive device.
13. A. 13 minutes. B. 30 minutes. C. 40 minutes. D. 4 days.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. It bans the sales of salty and unhealthy food.
B. Its residents lose altogether 100,000kg by 2020.
C. Everyone weighs himself on giant scales in public.
D. Local doctors make personalized diets for everyone.
15 A. Local people share healthy diet with each other.
B. Thousands of residents kick football to keep slim.
C. Local restaurants use olive oil to replace butter.
D. Government officials persevere in physical exercise.
16. A. Students are encouraged to walk or ride to school
B. Students are allowed to ride bicycles in school libraries.
C. Parents are offered devices to monitor children’s walking time.
D. Fruits are provided for those who are addicted to online games.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following passage.
17. A. Neither of them can find a suitable game.
B. They are both enthusiastic about games.
C. Good games cost a large amount of money.
D. They often go Dutch when buying gifts.
18. A. It includes fantasy role-playing.
B. It doesn’t have an actual ending.
C. It is an expensive online game.
D. It is something like a racing game.
19. A. Players have opportunities to make new friends.
B. Players can have face-to-face communication.
C. Players may be rewarded with delicious food.
D. Players can start the game at any time they want.
20. A. Add variety to the recommended game.
B Look around to find a cheaper online game.
C. Persuade the woman to change her mind.
D. Try to find an extraordinary online game.
AI. Grammar and Vocabulary
(30’) Section A (10*1’=10’)
Directions: Choose the best answer.
1. Mr. Brown is the very person can help us to solve the problem.
A. that B. whom C. which D. of whom
2. Sales director is a position ________ communication ability is as important as sales skills.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
3. There were dirty marks on her trousers _________ she had wiped her hands.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
4. After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, ________ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.
A. which B. who
C. where D. what
5. The film brought the time back to me _______ I used to wait for the ice cream truck to come by.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
6. Some people skip meals or eat only tiny amounts of food and may have conditions _______ rob the body of the nutrients _______ needs to grow and stay healthy.
A. which…it B. that…that C. where…that D. where…it
7. He was born in 1814 and was brought up on his father’s farm, in the hard rough way _______ peasant children in France are always accustomed.
A. that B. to which C. in which D. which
8. When they went into the shop and asked to look at the engagement rings, the shop assistant brought out a cheap one, ________ she has arranged with James.
A. which was that B. what was that
C. which was what D. that was that
9. Pumpkins are believed to have originated in North America, _______ seeds from related plants have been found dating back to 7,000 B.C.
A. as B. which C. where D. whose
10. In Martin Luther King’s time, the money spent in educating a black child was just one fourth of _______ on each white child.
A. which was spent B. what to be spent
C. it had been D. that which was spent
Section B (10*1’=20’)
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the world’s supply of water. With 97% of the world’s water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture, the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agriculture. _____11_____ the idea of a water shortage seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country, many of the world’s agricultural industries _____12_____ (experience) constant water shortages.
Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons, the costs of water redistribution are very high. Not only is there the cost of the engineering itself, but there is also an environmental cost to be considered. One typical example is _____13_____ where valleys are flooded to create dams, houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyed. Besides, water may flow easily through pipes to fields, but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to _____14_____. Each country _____15_____ therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements.
This is particularly _____16_____ (trouble) for countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation. In Texas, farmers’ overuse of irrigation water _____17_____(result) in a 25% reduction of the water stores. In the Central Valley area of southwestern USA, a huge water engineering project provides water_____18_____ farming in dry valleys, but much of the water use is being poorly managed.
Saudi Arabia’s attempts _____19_____ (grow) wheat in desert areas have seen the pumping of huge quantities of irrigation water from underground reserves. Because there is no rainfall in these areas, such reserves can only decrease, and it is believed that fifty years of pumping ______20______ (see) them run dry.
Section C (10*1’=10’)
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. impose B. moral C. tolerated D. anger E. ingredient F. contain G. internal H. attitudes I. punish J. disadvantaged K. excuses
A wise man once said that the only thing necessary for the victory of evil is for good men to do nothing. So as a police officer, I have some urgent things to say to good people. Day after day my men and I struggle to____21____an epidemic of crimes. Something has gone terribly wrong with our once-proud way of life. It has happened in the area of values. A significant ____22____is disappearing, and I think I know what it is: accountability.
Accountability isn’t hard to define. It means that every person is responsible for his or her actions and liable for their consequences. Of the many values that hold civilization together — honesty, kindness, and so on — accountability may be the most important of all. Without it, there can be no respect, no trust, no law — and, ultimately, no society.
My job as a police officer is to ____23____ accountability on people who refuse, or have never learned, to oblige themselves to do so. But as every policeman knows, external controls on people’s behavior are far less effective than ____24____ restraints such as guilt, shame and embarrassment.
Fortunately there are still communities — smaller towns, usually — where schools maintain discipline and where parents hold up standards that declare: “In this family certain things are not ____25____ — they simply are not done!” Yet more and more, especially in our larger cities and suburbs, these inner restraints are loosing. Your typical robber has none. He considers your property his property; he takes what he wants, including your life if you ____26____ him.
The main cause of this breakdown is a radical shift in ____27____. Thirty years ago, if a crime was committed, society was considered the victim. Now, in a shocking reversal, it’s the criminal who is considered victimized: by his underprivileged upbringing, by the school that didn’t teach him to read, by the church that failed to reach him with ____28____ guidance, by the parents who didn’t provide a stable home.
I don’t believe it. Many others in equally ____29____ circumstances choose not to engage in criminal activities. If we free the criminal, even partly, from accountability, we become a society of endless ____30____ where no one accepts responsibility for anything. We desperately need more people who believe that the person who commits a crime is the one responsible for it.
BI. Reading Comprehension (15’+22’+8’=45’)
Section A (15*1’=15’)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
The picture of miseries and sufferings of the Black woman in America may appear, perhaps darker and more depressing than Dante’s (但丁) description of Hell because in the history of human race, the Black woman in America has suffered the most. A close and critical ___31___ of the history of the Black woman’s life and condition since her arrival in a strange land will unfold very well the long story of her pain and sorrow___32___ her mutilated (被切断的) soul. Since her arrival on the foreign shore, the Black woman has been facing the worst kind of ___33___ and oppression. As a Black she has had to endure all the horrors of slavery and has been the ___34___ of continually inhumane treatment in all kinds of work, ___35___ the lowest place on the wage scale and restricted to the lowest-status and the most uncreative jobs. Since times of slavery, Black womanhood has been destroyed, twisted and abused with racial and inhuman ___36___ by black men and white men and women. In the process, they have lost their genuine “self”, and have developed a(n) ___37___ in themselves — though as black women, they see themselves with the eyes of white men and women and black men. This has ultimately been responsible for the destruction of their self-confidence and the feeling of being human. They ___38___ themselves as masters’ belongings.
As a mother she has seen her children sold into slavery. She has seen them left at home without attention while she ___39___ to the needs of the children of the ruling class. She has seen her children suffer from drug addiction, the ___40___ of decent education and experience attacks by a racist society, and ___41___ the prisons of this nation. In addition, besides suffering the common fate of all oppressed people, the African-American women continue to ___42___ the oppression of woman by men, which existed for long. In the home she becomes “the slave of a slave”. Men may be cruelly treated and subjected to all sorts of dehumanizing treatment on the part of the ruling class. ___43___, at least they can take out their frustration on someone else, their women.
Thus feminism in America means much more than what it stands for in other European countries, chiefly because it has different role and meaning ___44___ the Black women. If a feminist is commonly defined as one who is involved in transforming and ___45___ familiar realities, then Black women are innate (天生的) feminists. Black women writing exhibits and constructs a Black women’s literary tradition that is inherently feminist. Barbara Smith, an influential Black feminist critic, states that the ability of Black women to survive in the face of White America exhibits an innate feminist potential.
31.
A. respect B. reference C. account D. expression
32.
A. associated with B. completed with C. involved in D. joined by
33.
A. exploration B. exhaustion C. exploitation D. explosion
34.
A. performer B. survivor C. substance D. object
35.
A. including B. occupying C. containing D. striking
36.
A. procedures B. processes C. descriptions D. practices
37.
A. complexity B. anxiety C. simplicity D. gravity
38.
A. look to B. look upon C. look over D. look through
39.
A. took B. kept C. attended D. appealed
40.
A. richness B. lack C. variety D. possibility
41.
A. populating B. emphasizing C. charging D. criticizing
42.
A. undertake B. underline C. undervalue D. undergo
43.
A. Therefore B. Somehow C. However D. Moreover
44.
A. with respect to B. in line with C. in addition to D. in parallel with
45.
A. reappointing B. representing C. reconsidering D. reinterpreting
Section B (11*2’=22’)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
Not so long ago one could set one’s watch by the arrival of the post. I live in a quiet street in north-west London, so that used to mean two deliveries a day at fixed time. Now of course there is one, arriving at an unpredictable hour, and containing nothing one would ever miss a heartbeat for. The only certainty today is that there will be no personal letters.
What destructively efficient times we live in! Now of course it’s all emails and texts and tweets. But for Christmas there appears to be hope. Having failed to write letters during the rest of the year, we are now catching up, sending greetings to those we barely contact from January to November. Is it guilt that leads to this outpouring Perhaps a little. But I think we also recognize the greater integrity involved when we touch pen to paper and bother to lick a stamp. In our busy lives we manage to send a message that says “I still have time for you.”
Seasonal greetings may be one of the last great traditions to fall. Earlier this month I was honoured to be part of an extraordinary event in which the true worth of letters was given with the full celebrity support. At a small church in the Notting Hill area of London, some actors read letters by the famous and the not-so famous. Among them, there was the Christmas letter of a British postal worker named Chris Barker and his wife-to-be Bessie Moore. It was 1944, so Barker was fighting in Greece and Moore was escaping bombs in London. Christmas appeared to be both an irrelevance and a vital tie for both of them, and while they regretted not being together they celebrated the ability of the letter to connect them.
Unlike today, it was all they had. Today, the temptations of Skype and e-card threaten to prevent our trip to the posting box. But Christmas cards continue to connect us. They offer a reminder that we have not died in the course of the year, and that we still value the personal touch. They will not be enough to rescue the world’s digitally challenged postal systems, but they may just be enough to make up for our digitally challenged souls.
46. What does the writer feel when he got a letter now
A. Entertained B. Disappointed C. Uncertain D. Indifferent
47. We recognize the greater integrity involved in writing Christmas cards because _______.
A. it’s another way we can try besides emails, texts and tweets
B. writing Christmas cards is efficient, practical and hopeful
C. we won’t feel sorry about not contacting friends for long
D. we manage to slow down our busy lives to send greetings
48. Why was Christmas both an irrelevance and a vital tie for Chris Barker and Bessie Moore
A. Because they were not together and they only had letters.
B. Because they were to be married but they were separated
C. Because they didn’t have Skype and had to send cards.
D. Because they celebrated Christmas by writing letters.
49. The meaningful importance of Christmas cards is that _______.
A. they can resist the temptations of Skype and e-card
B. they are the proof that we are still alive, safe and sound
C. the personal touch between people is still valued
D. the postal systems, though challenged, are able to recover
B
Supersized activities for your little ones at Sentosa During the June Holidays
Storytelling Comes Alive! Date: Every Wed-Sun at 11:30 am. 3:30 pm & 5:30 pm Venue: Images of Singapore Forecourt Admission: Free Enjoy SUPERSIZED activities for the entire family this June at our international award winning interactive event, Story Telling Comes Alive! This is where the story teller uses a giant storybook, puppetry and characters coming alive to bring the exciting and fun stories to life. Boogie with Captain Palawan Date: Every Tuesdays to Fridays Time: 2:25 pm &4:15 pm Admission: Free Join in the boogie fun with Captain Palawan on the Beach! Bop to the rhythm and you may dance your way to some prizes!
Art Excursion at Sentosa Date: 8 & 15 June 2015 (Children) 22 June 2015 (Family) Time: 9 am - 5 pm Admission: $120 per child (SentosaPlayPass: $90 per child) $360 per family (SentosaPlayPass: $270 per family) Unleash your child’s creativity with the Art Excursion conducted by My Art Studio. Participants will have the opportunity to exchange creative ideas inspired by what they experience as they move through various stations in Sentosa. Storytelling at Underwater World Singapore Date: 1-24 June 2015, every Sat& Sun Time: 11:45 am &3:15 pm Venue: Underwater World Singapore Admission: $20 per adult $10 per child (No admission charge for anyone with a SentosaPlayPass) Come and listen to storyteller, Denise Tan, as she shares stories about marine animals and marine conservation in the Living Fossils Hall filled with displays of ancient marine animals.
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50. John, who is a SentosaPlayPass holder, needn’t pay for the activities EXCEPT ______.
A. Storytelling Comes Alive B. Art Excursion at Sentosa
C. Boogie with Captain Palawan D. Storytelling at Underwater World Singapore
51. Which of the following statements is true
A. Boogie with Captain Palawan is an activity that happens daily.
B. Denise Tan will share her stories at Images of Singapore Forecourt.
C. Storytelling Comes Alive is recognized globally for its engaging content.
D. You will win prizes if you spend at least $40 in a single receipt at Sentosa.
52. On a Saturday at 2pm, Mr Smith and his family want to buy the SentosaPlayPass. He should go to ______.
A. Bugis station B. Somerset station
C. any TransitLink ticket office D. any Sentosa ticketing office
C
I'll admit I've never quite understood the obsession (难以破除的成见) surrounding genetically modified (GM) (改变) crops.To environmentalist opponents,GM foods are simply evil,an understudied,possibly harmful tool used by big agricultural businesses to control global seed markets and beat local farmers.They argue that GM foods have never delivered on their supposed promise,that money spent on GM crops would be better channeled to organic farming and that consumers should be protected with warning labels on any products that contain genetically modified ingredients.To supporters,GM crops are a key part of the effort to sustainably provide food to meet a growing global population.But more than that,supporters see the GM opposition of many environmentalists as fundamentally anti-science,no different than those who question the basics of man-made climate change.
For both sides,GM foods seem to act as a symbol: you're pro-agricultural business or anti-science.But science is exactly what we need more of when it comes to GM foods,which is why I was happy to see Nature devote a special series of articles to the GM food controversy.The conclusion: while GM crops haven’t yet realized their initial promise and have been dominated by agricultural businesses,there is reason to continue to use and develop them to help meet the enormous challenge of sustainably feeding a growing planet.
That doesn't mean GM crops are perfect,or a one-size-fits-all solution to global agriculture problems.But anything that can increase farming efficiency—the amount of crops we can produce per acre of land—will be extremely useful.GM crops can and almost certainly will be part of that suite of tools, but so will traditional plant breeding,improved soil and crop management—and perhaps most important of all,better storage and transport infrastructure (基础设施) especially in the developing world.(It doesn't do much good for farmers in places like sub-Saharan Africa to produce more food if they can't get it to hungry consumers.) I'd like to see more non-industry research done on GM crops—not just because we'd worry less about prejudice,but also because seed companies like Monsanto and Pioneer shouldn't be the only entities (实体) working to harness genetic modification.I'd like to see GM research on less commercial crops,like corn.I don't think it's vital to label GM ingredients in food,but I also wouldn't be against it—and industry would be smart to go along with labeling,just as a way of removing fears about the technology.
Most of all,though,I wish a tenth of the energy that's spent endlessly debating GM crops was focused on those more pressing challenges for global agriculture.There are much bigger battles to fight.
53. How do environmentalist opponents view GM foods according to the passage
A. They will eventually ruin agriculture and the environment.
B. They are used by big businesses to dominate agriculture.
C. They have proved potentially harmful to consumers' health.
D. They pose a big threat to current farming practice.
54. What does the author say is vital to solving the controversy between the two sides of the debate
A. Breaking the GM food monopoly (垄断). B. More friendly exchange of ideas.
C. Regulating GM food production. D. More scientific research on GM crops.
55. What is the author's view on the solution to agricultural problems
A. It has to depend more and more on GM technology.
B It is vital to the sustainable development of human society.
C. GM crops should be allowed until better alternatives are found.
D. Whatever is useful to improve farming efficiency should be encouraged.
56. What does the author think of the ongoing debate around GM crops
A. It arises out of ignorance of and prejudice against new science.
B. It distracts the public attention from other key issues of the world.
C. Efforts spent on it should be turned to more urgent issues of agriculture.
D. Neither side is likely to give in until more convincing evidence is found.
Section C (4*2’=8’)
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
How to Appreciate Impressionist Paintings
The Impressionist Movement began in the late 19th century as a group of rebellious young artists based in Paris looked for new ways to use light and color. Known for painting quickly and spontaneously (自发地), Impressionists explored how the viewers’ eye interprets objects.
And when would be a better time than now to see with your own eyes some of the best impressionist masterpieces as dozens of paintings by Monet are on display in Shanghai _______57_______
Consider the subject matter. Impressionist painters broke away from the standard subject matter of royalty, mythology and historical realism. _______58_______ Impressionists departed from the norm by painting ordinary people engaged in everyday activities.
Examine the light sources. The exploration and translation of light onto the canvas (画布) was the core of Impressionist painting. Look particularly at unusual displays of light, such as filtering through tree branches or reflecting off water.
_______59_______ Unlike the traditional schools of painting, which were careful to smooth the paint, impressionists used short, strong strokes and were unconcerned if the brush stroke was visible. Observe how the brush stroke reflects light.
Observe the colors in the painting. Impressionists painted with many colors, mostly in bright shades. Rather than mixing colors before applying to the canvas, they placed the colors directly on the canvas and allowed the viewer’s eye to mix the colors. _______60_______
Allow the eye to view the painting as a whole. Rather than look at each item in the painting, look for an overall mood and feeling, determine which emotion the painting arouses, such as peacefulness, exhaustion or joy.
A. Follow the painter’s footprints and you will find Impressionism easier to understand than you think.
B. Even if you know nothing about Impressionism, these instructions will help you develop an appreciation for Impressionist paintings.
C. They revealed what the world was like from children’s perspective.
D. Note also that there is little use of black, which makes the painting brighter.
E. Instead, they concentrated on the modern world, particularly landscapes.
F. Look at the artist’s technique.
IV. Summary Writing (10’)
61. Direction: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Like many students, Ryan believes that the time and money spent on his education will pay off: he will eventually be able to get a good job and do well in the field he has chosen. And yet, in spite of all of the years spent in school preparing to enter the workplace, many recent graduates say that they struggle with the shift from classroom to career world and have difficulty adjusting to life on the job.
Writer and editor Joseph Lewis believes that most of our school experiences are fairly predictable, while life in the working world is far more uncertain. In school, for example, the pattern stays more or less the same from year to year. In the workplace, however, constant change is the norm, and one has to adapt quickly.
Another problem is that in school, many students spend a lot of time memorizing facts and repeating what they “learned” on tests. But in the workplace employees “are often expected to think critically and make decisions about their work, not just follow a supervisor’s instructions.” Less time needs to be spent in school on testing, says one recent report, and more on helping students to analyze and interpret information, solve problems, and communicate their ideas effectively—skills that will prepare them to succeed in today’s workplace.
Finally, in the workplace, employees must regularly interact with others and are often dependent on their co-workers for their success. In other words, if an employee has to work with others to complete a given project, that employee’s success not only depends on his hard work and expertise, but also on how well his colleagues perform. Knowing how to participate in teamwork--and deal with problems when they arise is extremely important, and yet, it is also something many students didn’t get quite exposed to in a school setting.
How can we better prepare young adults for the work place Recent graduates looking back on their educational experience, have some advice. Despite classroom instruction, many think that all students should be required to do an internship (实习) while they are in school. Volunteering part time at a company, hospital, or government organization, for example, can help one gain experience and learn skills needed to succeed in the real world. Doing these will help prepare students for the realities of the workplace and make the transition from school to career world less stressful.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
V. Translation (3’+3’+4’+5’=15’)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
62. 这个生物对成熟果实的喜爱,有别于它的史前祖先。(distinguish) (汉译英)
63. 他不顾自己大病初愈,立刻埋首于原始数据的处理中。(bury)(汉译英)
64. 失主深信过不了多久就能去机场认领自己丢失的行李。(before; convince) (汉译英)
65. 这已是该地区第三次爆发森林大火了,这些火灾不仅严重破坏了自然平衡,也对人类生命构成了极大的威胁。(disturb) (汉译英)
VI. Guided Writing (25’)
66. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given in Chinese.
假如你是李明,你的英国朋友(Mike)来信说要在圣诞节期间来中国旅游。他在网上选中了三个地方,上海外滩、杭州西湖和北京长城。他来信征求你的意见。请你根据自身经验或者所了解的信息,建议他舍弃其中的一个地点(要说明放弃理由) ;并推荐个新的景点供他参考 (并说明推荐理由)
注意:文中不得出现你本人的姓名、班级等真实信息。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1-5 CAABB 6-10 BADDB 11-13 CBB 14-16 BCA 17-20 CABD闵行中学2023学年第一学期高二年级12月
英语学科 学情调研卷
考试时间:120分钟 满分:150分
I. Listening Comprehension (25’)
Section A Short Conversations
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. Job applicants. B. University students. C. News reporters. D. Public speakers.
2. A. $36. B. $60. C. $24. D. $30.
3. A. Nervous. B. Excited. C. Surprised. D. Calm.
4. A. They can hardly find time to do exercise.
B. Both of them are fond of doing exercise.
C. Doing exercise is the last thing they’d like to do.
D. The woman disagrees to do exercise with the man.
5. A. Student and teacher. B. Guest and receptionist.
C. Customer and shop assistant. D. Daughter and father.
6. A. The Student Union. B. The Tutoring Service Center.
C. Her professor’s office. D. Her tutor’s home.
7. A. The coverage of newspapers. B. The nature of humans.
C. The increase of crime rate. D. The impact of mass media.
8. A. Doctor Green is very busy on Mondays.
B. Doctor Green forgot to put the man on the schedule.
C. An unexpected patient visited Doctor Green last Monday.
D. Patients can usually see Doctor Green on schedule.
9. A. She is disappointed with his decision.
B. She is crazy about going camping in the tropical jungle.
C. She tries to persuade the man not to go with Jerry.
D. She suggests the man reconsider his plan.
10. A. Because he favors goods in physical stores.
B. Because he enjoys the offline shopping experience.
C. Because he doesn’t have much money.
D Because he doesn’t like the shopping festival.
Section B Passages
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. A number of giant rats are hidden in the fields or forests.
B. Violent robbers may come out and hurt innocent civilians.
C. People may step onto a landmine and get injured.
D. Other roads have a litter problem, which spoils good mood.
12. A. It is a rare species of rat. B. It has a good sense of smell.
C. It sacrifices its life to detect dangers. D. It is terrified of explosive device.
13. A. 13 minutes. B. 30 minutes. C. 40 minutes. D. 4 days.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. It bans the sales of salty and unhealthy food.
B. Its residents lose altogether 100,000kg by 2020.
C. Everyone weighs himself on giant scales in public.
D. Local doctors make personalized diets for everyone.
15. A. Local people share healthy diet with each other.
B. Thousands of residents kick football to keep slim.
C. Local restaurants use olive oil to replace butter.
D. Government officials persevere in physical exercise.
16. A. Students are encouraged to walk or ride to school
B. Students are allowed to ride bicycles in school libraries.
C. Parents are offered devices to monitor children’s walking time.
D. Fruits are provided for those who are addicted to online games.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following passage.
17. A. Neither of them can find a suitable game.
B. They are both enthusiastic about games.
C. Good games cost a large amount of money.
D. They often go Dutch when buying gifts.
18. A. It includes fantasy role-playing.
B. It doesn’t have an actual ending.
C. It is an expensive online game.
D It is something like a racing game.
19. A. Players have opportunities to make new friends.
B. Players can have face-to-face communication.
C. Players may be rewarded with delicious food.
D. Players can start the game at any time they want.
20. A. Add variety to the recommended game.
B. Look around to find a cheaper online game.
C. Persuade the woman to change her mind.
D. Try to find an extraordinary online game.
AI. Grammar and Vocabulary
(30’) Section A (10*1’=10’)
Directions: Choose the best answer.
1. Mr. Brown is the very person can help us to solve the problem.
A. that B. whom C. which D. of whom
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:布朗先生正是能帮助我们解决这个问题的人。_____ can help us to solve the problem是定语从句,修饰the very person,关系词在从句中作主语,指人,且person前有the very修饰,应用that引导该从句。故选A。
2. Sales director is a position ________ communication ability is as important as sales skills.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:销售总监是一个沟通能力和销售技巧同样重要的职位。空格处引导的是定语从句,从句主干成分完整,先行词position是抽象地点,用关系副词where引导定语从句,故选D。
3 There were dirty marks on her trousers _________ she had wiped her hands.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:她的裤子上她擦过手的地方有脏痕。分析句子可知本处是限定性定语从句,先行词为(on)her trousers,表示地点,且从句不缺主语、宾语,用where引导定语从句,在从句中作地点状语;故选A项。
4. After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, ________ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.
A. which B. who
C. where D. what
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:洪灾过后,那个地区的人们正在受苦,为了生存,他们急需干净的水、药品和住所。将先行词people代入定语从句后为:people urgently needed clean water,medicine and shelter to survive,可知先行词在从句中作主语,所以排除C项;what不能引导定语从句,故排除D项;因为先行词为“人”,所以排除A项。故答案为B项。
5. The film brought the time back to me _______ I used to wait for the ice cream truck to come by.
A. which B. that C. when D. where
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:这部电影让我想起了我过去常常等冰淇淋车过来的时光。分析句子可知,空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词是the time,在从句中做时间状语,应用关系副词when引导从句。故选C项。
6. Some people skip meals or eat only tiny amounts of food and may have conditions _______ rob the body of the nutrients _______ needs to grow and stay healthy.
A. which…it B. that…that C. where…that D. where…it
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和it用法。句意:有些人不吃饭或只吃少量的食物,可能会剥夺身体生长和保持健康所需的营养。第一空定语从句修饰先行词conditions,先行词在从句作主语,指物,故排除C、D选项;第二空空处作主语,且前面省略了that或which,指代body应用it。故选A。
7. He was born in 1814 and was brought up on his father’s farm, in the hard rough way _______ peasant children in France are always accustomed.
A. that B. to which C. in which D. which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:他生于1814年,在他父亲的农场里长大,过着法国农民孩子所习惯的艰苦生活。此处为介词+关系代词结构定语从句修饰先行词way,根据短语be accustomed to可知应用介词to,作介词的宾语,指物,应用which。故选B。
8. When they went into the shop and asked to look at the engagement rings, the shop assistant brought out a cheap one, ________ she has arranged with James.
A. which was that B. what was that
C. which was what D. that was that
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查关系代词和连接代词。句意:当他们走进商店,要求看一下订婚戒指时,服务员拿出一个便宜的,事先她与詹姆斯已经安排好的那个。分析句子可知,a cheap one为先行词,在后面的非限制性定语从句作主语,所以关系代词为which,定语从句为主系表结构,was为系动词,后接从句作表语,在表语从句中,arrange缺少宾语,所以由what来充当宾语。故选C项。
【点睛】what常用来引导名词性从句,即主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句.what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点:
一是它在相应的名词性从句中一定有含义,常表示“什么”,“所…的”,“…的样子”等。
二是它在相应的名词性从句中一定做成分,而且常做主语,宾语或表语。
分析句子可知,a cheap one为先行词,在后面的非限制性定语从句作主语,所以关系代词为which,定语从句为主系表结构,was为系动词,后接从句作表语,表语从句中,arrange缺少宾语,所以由what来充当宾语。故选C项。
9. Pumpkins are believed to have originated in North America, _______ seeds from related plants have been found dating back to 7,000 B.C.
A. as B. which C. where D. whose
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:南瓜被认为起源于北美,在那里发现的相关植物的种子可以追溯到公元前7000年。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词North America,在从句作地点状语,故用where。故选C。
10. In Martin Luther King’s time, the money spent in educating a black child was just one fourth of _______ on each white child.
A. which was spent B. what to be spent
C. it had been D. that which was spent
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查代词和定语从句。句意:在马丁·路德·金的时代,花在教育一个黑人孩子上的钱只是花在每个白人孩子身上的钱的四分之一。此处指代教育一个白人孩子所花的钱,应用代词that代指不可数名词;代词that后跟定语从句,对先行词进行限定说明,且that在从句作主语,指物,故用which引导,which与谓语动词构成被动关系,定语从句用被动语态。故选D。
Section B (10*1’=20’)
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the world’s supply of water. With 97% of the world’s water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture, the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agriculture. _____11_____ the idea of a water shortage seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country, many of the world’s agricultural industries _____12_____ (experience) constant water shortages.
Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons, the costs of water redistribution are very high. Not only is there the cost of the engineering itself, but there is also an environmental cost to be considered. One typical example is _____13_____ where valleys are flooded to create dams, houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyed. Besides, water may flow easily through pipes to fields, but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to _____14_____. Each country _____15_____ therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements.
This is particularly _____16_____ (trouble) for countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation. In Texas, farmers’ overuse of irrigation water _____17_____(result) in a 25% reduction of the water stores. In the Central Valley area of southwestern USA, a huge water engineering project provides water_____18_____ farming in dry valleys, but much of the water use is being poorly managed.
Saudi Arabia’s attempts _____19_____ (grow) wheat in desert areas have seen the pumping of huge quantities of irrigation water from underground reserves. Because there is no rainfall in these areas, such reserves can only decrease, and it is believed that fifty years of pumping ______20______ (see) them run dry.
【答案】11. Although##Though##While
12. are experiencing##have been experiencing
13. that 14. the other
15. must##should
16. troubling
17. has resulted
18. for 19. to grow
20. will see
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。养活不断增长的人口的需要给世界水资源供应带来了很大的压力。由于世界上97%的水太咸,不能饮用或用于农业,世界范围内的水供应需要仔细管理,特别是在农业方面。
【11题详解】
考查状语从句。句意:虽然对于有幸生活在雨量充沛的国家的人来说,水资源短缺的想法似乎很奇怪,但世界上许多农业正在经历/一直在经历持续的水资源短缺。引导让步状语从句,表示“虽然”可用although/ though/ while,首字母大写。故填Although/ Though/ While。
【12题详解】
考查时态。句意:虽然对于有幸生活在雨量充沛的国家的人来说,水资源短缺的想法似乎很奇怪,但世界上许多农业正在经历/一直在经历持续的水资源短缺。此处可用现在进行时表示动作正在发生,或用现在完成进行时,表示动作发生在过去不间断持续到现在,主语为many of the world’s agricultural industries,谓语用复数,助动词用have。故填are experiencing/ have been experiencing。
【13题详解】
考查表语从句。句意:一个典型的例子是,在山谷被淹没以建造水坝的地方,房屋被毁,野生动物的家园被毁。引导表语从句,从句不缺少成分,句意完整,故用that引导从句。故填that。
【14题详解】
考查代词。句意:此外,水可以很容易地通过管道流到田地里,但它不能从世界的一端输送到另一端。此处特指两者中的另一个,应用the other。故填the other。
【15题详解】
考查情态动词。句意:因此,每个国家必须/应该依靠管理自己的水来满足其农业需求。后跟动词原形,结合句意表示“应该”或“必须”应用情态动词should或must。故填must/should。
【16题详解】
考查形容词。句意:这对农业依赖灌溉地区的国家来说尤其令人不安。作表语,应用形容词troubling。故填troubling。
【17题详解】
考查时态。句意:在德克萨斯州,农民过度使用灌溉用水导致储水量减少了25%。此处表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响,用现在完成时,主语为farmers’ overuse of irrigation water,助动词用has。故填has resulted。
【18题详解】
考查介词。句意:在美国西南部的中央山谷地区,一个巨大的水利工程项目为干旱山谷的农业提供了水,但大部分用水管理不善。表示“为……提供”短语为provide sth. for…。故填for。
【19题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:沙特阿拉伯在沙漠地区种植小麦的尝试,已经从地下储备中抽取了大量的灌溉用水。短语attempt to do sth.表示“……的尝试”,不定式作后置定语。故填to grow。
【20题详解】
考查时态。句意:由于这些地区没有降雨,这些储量只会减少,人们相信五十年的抽水将会使它们枯竭。根据上文fifty years of pumping可知为一般将来时。故填will see。
Section C (10*1’=10’)
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. impose B. moral C. tolerated D. anger E. ingredient F. contain G. internal H. attitudes I. punish J. disadvantaged K. excuses
A wise man once said that the only thing necessary for the victory of evil is for good men to do nothing. So, as a police officer, I have some urgent things to say to good people. Day after day my men and I struggle to____21____an epidemic of crimes. Something has gone terribly wrong with our once-proud way of life. It has happened in the area of values. A significant ____22____is disappearing, and I think I know what it is: accountability.
Accountability isn’t hard to define. It means that every person is responsible for his or her actions and liable for their consequences. Of the many values that hold civilization together — honesty, kindness, and so on — accountability may be the most important of all. Without it, there can be no respect, no trust, no law — and, ultimately, no society.
My job as a police officer is to ____23____ accountability on people who refuse, or have never learned, to oblige themselves to do so. But as every policeman knows, external controls on people’s behavior are far less effective than ____24____ restraints such as guilt, shame and embarrassment.
Fortunately there are still communities — smaller towns, usually — where schools maintain discipline and where parents hold up standards that declare: “In this family certain things are not ____25____ — they simply are not done!” Yet more and more, especially in our larger cities and suburbs, these inner restraints are loosing. Your typical robber has none. He considers your property his property; he takes what he wants, including your life if you ____26____ him.
The main cause of this breakdown is a radical shift in ____27____. Thirty years ago, if a crime was committed, society was considered the victim. Now, in a shocking reversal, it’s the criminal who is considered victimized: by his underprivileged upbringing, by the school that didn’t teach him to read, by the church that failed to reach him with ____28____ guidance, by the parents who didn’t provide a stable home.
I don’t believe it. Many others in equally ____29____ circumstances choose not to engage in criminal activities. If we free the criminal, even partly, from accountability, we become a society of endless ____30____ where no one accepts responsibility for anything. We desperately need more people who believe that the person who commits a crime is the one responsible for it.
【答案】21. F 22. E
23. A 24. G
25. C 26. D
27. H 28. B
29. J 30. K
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章从一名警察的角度分析了美国犯罪活动猖獗的原因,文章认为问责制很重要,应当加以重视。
【21题详解】
考查动词。句意:日复一日,我和我的手下奋力遏制犯罪的蔓延。根据“an epidemic of crimes”以及句意“遏制”可知应填动词contain,且上文为短语struggle to do sth.。故选F。
【22题详解】
考查名词。句意:一个重要的因素正在消失,我想我知道那是什么:问责制。根据“and I think I know what it is: accountability.”以及句意“因素”可知应填名词ingredient,作主语,结合is可知为单数。故选E。
【23题详解】
考查动词。句意:作为一名警察,我的工作是强制让那些拒绝或从未学会这样做的人承担责任。根据“accountability on people who refuse, or have never learned, to oblige themselves to do so”以及句意“强制”可知应填动词impose,此处为不定式作表语。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词。句意:但正如每个警察都知道的那样,对人们行为的外部控制远不如内疚、羞耻和尴尬等内部约束有效。根据“such as guilt, shame and embarrassment”以及句意“内部”可知应填形容词internal,作定语修饰restraints。故选G。
【25题详解】
考查形容词。句意:幸运的是,仍然有一些社区——通常是小城镇——学校保持纪律,父母坚持标准,宣称:“在这个家庭里,某些事情是不能容忍的——它们就是不能做!”根据“they simply are not done!”以及句意“容忍”可知应填形容词tolerated,作表语。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词。句意:他认为你的财产是他的财产;他想要什么就拿什么,如果你激怒了他,包括你的生命。根据“including your life”以及句意“激怒”可知应填动词anger,根据上文considers可知为一般现在时。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词。句意:这种崩溃的主要原因是态度的根本转变。根据“breakdown”以及句意“态度”可知应填复数名词attitudes,作宾语。故选H。
【28题详解】
考查形容词。句意:现在,在一个令人震惊的逆转中,罪犯被认为是受害者:他贫穷的成长环境,没有教他阅读的学校,没有给他道德指导的教堂,没有给他提供稳定家庭的父母。根据“the church that failed to reach him with”以及句意“道德”可知应填形容词moral,作定语修饰名词guidance。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查形容词。句意:其他许多处境同样不利的人选择不从事犯罪活动。根据“choose not to engage in criminal activities”以及句意“不利的”可知应填形容词disadvantaged,作定语修饰名词circumstances。故选J。
【30题详解】
考查名词。句意:如果我们免除罪犯的责任,即使是部分免除,我们的社会就会变成一个充满无穷借口的社会,没有人愿意为任何事情承担责任。根据“where no one accepts responsibility for anything”以及句意“借口”可知应填复数名词excuses,故选K。
BI. Reading Comprehension (15’+22’+8’=45’)
Section A (15*1’=15’)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
The picture of miseries and sufferings of the Black woman in America may appear, perhaps darker and more depressing than Dante’s (但丁) description of Hell because in the history of human race, the Black woman in America has suffered the most. A close and critical ___31___ of the history of the Black woman’s life and condition since her arrival in a strange land will unfold very well the long story of her pain and sorrow___32___ her mutilated (被切断的) soul. Since her arrival on the foreign shore, the Black woman has been facing the worst kind of ___33___ and oppression. As a Black she has had to endure all the horrors of slavery and has been the ___34___ of continually inhumane treatment in all kinds of work, ___35___ the lowest place on the wage scale and restricted to the lowest-status and the most uncreative jobs. Since times of slavery, Black womanhood has been destroyed, twisted and abused with racial and inhuman ___36___ by black men and white men and women. In the process, they have lost their genuine “self”, and have developed a(n) ___37___ in themselves — though as black women, they see themselves with the eyes of white men and women and black men. This has ultimately been responsible for the destruction of their self-confidence and the feeling of being human. They ___38___ themselves as masters’ belongings.
As a mother she has seen her children sold into slavery. She has seen them left at home without attention while she ___39___ to the needs of the children of the ruling class. She has seen her children suffer from drug addiction, the ___40___ of decent education and experience attacks by a racist society, and ___41___ the prisons of this nation. In addition, besides suffering the common fate of all oppressed people, the African-American women continue to ___42___ the oppression of woman by men, which existed for long. In the home she becomes “the slave of a slave”. Men may be cruelly treated and subjected to all sorts of dehumanizing treatment on the part of the ruling class. ___43___, at least they can take out their frustration on someone else, their women.
Thus feminism in America means much more than what it stands for in other European countries, chiefly because it has different role and meaning ___44___ the Black women. If a feminist is commonly defined as one who is involved in transforming and ___45___ familiar realities, then Black women are innate (天生的) feminists. Black women writing exhibits and constructs a Black women’s literary tradition that is inherently feminist. Barbara Smith, an influential Black feminist critic, states that the ability of Black women to survive in the face of White America exhibits an innate feminist potential.
31.
A. respect B. reference C. account D. expression
32.
A. associated with B. completed with C. involved in D. joined by
33.
A. exploration B. exhaustion C. exploitation D. explosion
34.
A. performer B. survivor C. substance D. object
35.
A. including B. occupying C. containing D. striking
36.
A. procedures B. processes C. descriptions D. practices
37.
A. complexity B. anxiety C. simplicity D. gravity
38.
A. look to B. look upon C. look over D. look through
39.
A. took B. kept C. attended D. appealed
40.
A. richness B. lack C. variety D. possibility
41.
A. populating B. emphasizing C. charging D. criticizing
42.
A. undertake B. underline C. undervalue D. undergo
43.
A. Therefore B. Somehow C. However D. Moreover
44.
A. with respect to B. in line with C. in addition to D. in parallel with
45.
A. reappointing B. representing C. reconsidering D. reinterpreting
【答案】31. C 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B 36. D 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. B 41. A 42. D 43. C 44. A 45. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。美国黑人妇女的悲惨和痛苦的画面可能会出现,也许比但丁对地狱的描述更黑暗,更令人沮丧,因为在人类历史上,美国黑人妇女遭受的苦难最多。文章主要描述了黑人妇女所经受的剥削和压迫。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:如果对黑人妇女来到陌生国度后的生活和状况的历史进行仔细和批判性的描述,就会很好地展现出她与残缺的灵魂有关的痛苦和悲伤的漫长故事。A. respect尊重;B. reference参考;C. account描述,账户;D. expression表达。根据后文“of the history of the Black woman’s life and condition”此处指描述黑人妇女的生活状况,故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意:如果对黑人妇女来到陌生国度后的生活和状况的历史进行仔细和批判性的描述,就会很好地展现出她与残缺的灵魂有关的痛苦和悲伤的漫长故事。A. associated with与……有关;B. completed with以……完成;C. involved in参与;D. joined by通过……加入。根据后文“her mutilated soul”可知,这些痛苦和悲伤的故事与她残缺的灵魂有关。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:自从来到异国他乡,黑人妇女就一直面临着最恶劣的剥削和压迫。A. exploration探索;B. exhaustion筋疲力尽;C. exploitation剥削;D. explosion爆炸。根据后文“and oppression”可知此处指面临剥削和压迫。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:作为黑人,她不得不忍受奴隶制的一切恐怖,在各种工作中不断受到非人待遇,工资最低,只能从事地位最低、最没有创造性的工作。A. performer表演者;B. survivor幸存者;C. substance物质;D. object目标,对象。根据后文“of continually inhumane treatment in all kinds of work”此处指黑人妇女被作为各种工作中受到非人待遇的对象,故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:作为黑人,她不得不忍受奴隶制的一切恐怖,在各种工作中不断受到非人待遇,工资最低,只能从事地位最低、最没有创造性的工作。A. including包含;B. occupying占据;C. containing包含;D. striking击打。根据后文“the lowest place on the wage scale”指黑人妇女占据了工资最低的那些工作,故选B。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:自奴隶制时代以来,黑人女性就受到黑人男性和白人男性和女性的种族主义和不人道行为的破坏、扭曲和虐待。A. procedures程序;B. processes过程;C. descriptions描述;D. practices做法,实践。根据后文“by black men and white men and women”可知,黑人女性受到了黑人男性和白人男性和女性的种族主义和不人道行为的破坏、扭曲和虐待。inhuman practice此处表示“不人道的做法”。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:在这个过程中,她们失去了真正的“自我”,并在自己身上形成了一种复杂的东西——尽管作为黑人女性,她们用白人男性、女性和黑人男性的眼光看待自己。A. complexity复杂性;B. anxiety焦虑;C. simplicity简单;D. gravity重力。根据后文“they see themselves with the eyes of white men and women and black men”可知,她们用白人男性、女性和黑人男性的眼光看待自己,身上形成了复杂性。故选A。
【38题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意:她们把自己看作是主人的财产。A. look to展望;B. look upon看待;C. look over审视;D. look through浏览。根据后文“themselves as masters’ belongings”指黑人女性开始把自己看作是主人的财产。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:当她照顾统治阶级的孩子们的需要时,她看到自己的孩子们被遗弃在家里,无人照料。A. took带走;B. kept保持;C. attended照顾,参加;D. appealed吸引。根据后文“to the needs of the children of the ruling class”指黑人妇女照顾统治阶级的孩子,故选C。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:她看到她的孩子们吸毒成瘾,缺乏良好的教育,遭受种族主义社会的攻击,并在这个国家的监狱里人满为患。A. richness富有;B. lack缺少;C. variety多样性;D. possibility可能性。根据后文“of decent education and experience attacks by a racist society”指黑人妇女的孩子缺乏良好的教育,故选B。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:她看到她的孩子们吸毒成瘾,缺乏良好的教育,遭受种族主义社会的攻击,并在这个国家的监狱里人满为患。A. populating居住于;B. emphasizing强调;C. charging收费;D. criticizing批评。根据后文“the prisons of this nation”以及上文提到孩子因为无人照料,从事犯罪活动,最终导致住进了监狱。故选A。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:此外,非洲裔美国妇女除了遭受一切被压迫人民的共同命运外,还继续遭受着长期存在的男性对女性的压迫。A. undertake从事;B. underline在……下面画线;C. undervalue轻视;D. undergo经受,经历。根据后文“the oppression of woman by men, which existed for long”指黑人妇女还经历着男性对女性的压迫。故选D。
【43题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意:然而,至少他们可以把他们的沮丧发泄在别人身上,他们的女人。A. Therefore因此;B. Somehow不知怎么;C. However然而;D. Moreover此外。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系,应用however。故选C。
【44题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意:因此,女权主义在美国的意义远大于它在其他欧洲国家所代表的意义,这主要是因为它对黑人妇女有着不同的作用和意义。A. with respect to关于;B. in line with与……一致;C. in addition to除了……之外;D. in parallel with与……同时进行。根据上文“because it has different role and meaning”以及后文“the Black women”可知,此处指女权主义在美国对于黑人妇女有着不同的作用和意义,故选A。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果女权主义者通常被定义为参与改造和重新诠释熟悉现实的人,那么黑人妇女就是天生的女权主义者。A. reappointing再任命;B. representing代表;C. reconsidering重新考虑;D. reinterpreting重新解释。根据上文“transforming and”可知,该空与上文transforming意思相近,表示女权主义者通常被定义为参与改造和重新诠释熟悉现实的人,故选D。
Section B (11*2’=22’)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
Not so long ago one could set one’s watch by the arrival of the post. I live in a quiet street in north-west London, so that used to mean two deliveries a day at fixed time. Now of course there is one, arriving at an unpredictable hour, and containing nothing one would ever miss a heartbeat for. The only certainty today is that there will be no personal letters.
What destructively efficient times we live in! Now of course it’s all emails and texts and tweets. But for Christmas there appears to be hope. Having failed to write letters during the rest of the year, we are now catching up, sending greetings to those we barely contact from January to November. Is it guilt that leads to this outpouring Perhaps a little. But I think we also recognize the greater integrity involved when we touch pen to paper and bother to lick a stamp. In our busy lives we manage to send a message that says “I still have time for you.”
Seasonal greetings may be one of the last great traditions to fall. Earlier this month I was honoured to be part of an extraordinary event in which the true worth of letters was given with the full celebrity support. At a small church in the Notting Hill area of London, some actors read letters by the famous and the not-so famous. Among them, there was the Christmas letter of a British postal worker named Chris Barker and his wife-to-be Bessie Moore. It was 1944, so Barker was fighting in Greece and Moore was escaping bombs in London. Christmas appeared to be both an irrelevance and a vital tie for both of them, and while they regretted not being together they celebrated the ability of the letter to connect them.
Unlike today, it was all they had. Today, the temptations of Skype and e-card threaten to prevent our trip to the posting box. But Christmas cards continue to connect us. They offer a reminder that we have not died in the course of the year, and that we still value the personal touch. They will not be enough to rescue the world’s digitally challenged postal systems, but they may just be enough to make up for our digitally challenged souls.
46. What does the writer feel when he got a letter now
A. Entertained B. Disappointed C. Uncertain D. Indifferent
47. We recognize the greater integrity involved in writing Christmas cards because _______.
A. it’s another way we can try besides emails, texts and tweets
B. writing Christmas cards is efficient, practical and hopeful
C. we won’t feel sorry about not contacting friends for long
D. we manage to slow down our busy lives to send greetings
48. Why was Christmas both an irrelevance and a vital tie for Chris Barker and Bessie Moore
A. Because they were not together and they only had letters.
B. Because they were to be married but they were separated
C. Because they didn’t have Skype and had to send cards.
D. Because they celebrated Christmas by writing letters.
49. The meaningful importance of Christmas cards is that _______.
A. they can resist the temptations of Skype and e-card
B. they are the proof that we are still alive, safe and sound
C. the personal touch between people is still valued
D. the postal systems, though challenged, are able to recover
【答案】46. B 47. D 48. A 49. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章中作者说明了自己对于收到信件时的感受以及写圣诞卡对人们的意义。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Now of course there is one, arriving at an unpredictable hour, and containing nothing one would ever miss a heartbeat for. The only certainty today is that there will be no personal letters. (现在当然有了,它在一个无法预知的时刻到来,其中没有任何东西会让人错过心跳。今天唯一可以确定的是,不会有私人信件。)”可推知,当作者现在收到一封信时感到失望。故选B。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In our busy lives we manage to send a message that says “I still have time for you.” (在我们忙碌的生活中,我们总是设法传递这样一个信息:“我还有时间留给你。”)”可知,我们认识到写圣诞卡是一种更完整的方式,因为我们设法放慢忙碌的生活,送出问候。故选D。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Christmas appeared to be both an irrelevance and a vital tie for both of them, and while they regretted not being together they celebrated the ability of the letter to connect them. (圣诞节对他们两人来说似乎既无关紧要又至关重要,虽然他们后悔没有在一起,但他们庆祝这封信能把他们联系在一起。)”可知,圣诞节对克里斯·巴克和贝西·摩尔来说既无关紧要又至关重要是因为他们没有在一起,只有信件。故选A。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“They offer a reminder that we have not died in the course of the year, and that we still value the personal touch. (它们提醒我们,我们并没有在这一年的过程中死去,我们仍然重视个人的接触。)”可知,圣诞卡的意义在于人与人之间的接触仍然受到重视。故选C。
B
Supersized activities for your little ones at Sentosa During the June Holidays
Storytelling Comes Alive! Date: Every Wed-Sun at 11:30 am. 3:30 pm & 5:30 pm Venue: Images of Singapore Forecourt Admission: Free Enjoy SUPERSIZED activities for the entire family this June at our international award winning interactive event, Story Telling Comes Alive! This is where the story teller uses a giant storybook, puppetry and characters coming alive to bring the exciting and fun stories to life. Boogie with Captain Palawan Date: Every Tuesdays to Fridays Time: 2:25 pm &4:15 pm Admission: Free Join in the boogie fun with Captain Palawan on the Beach! Bop to the rhythm and you may dance your way to some prizes!
Art Excursion at Sentosa Date: 8 & 15 June 2015 (Children) 22 June 2015 (Family) Time: 9 am - 5 pm Admission: $120 per child (SentosaPlayPass: $90 per child) $360 per family (SentosaPlayPass: $270 per family) Unleash your child’s creativity with the Art Excursion conducted by My Art Studio. Participants will have the opportunity to exchange creative ideas inspired by what they experience as they move through various stations in Sentosa. Storytelling at Underwater World Singapore Date: 1-24 June 2015, every Sat& Sun Time: 11:45 am &3:15 pm Venue: Underwater World Singapore Admission: $20 per adult $10 per child (No admission charge for anyone with a SentosaPlayPass) Come and listen to storyteller, Denise Tan, as she shares stories about marine animals and marine conservation in the Living Fossils Hall filled with displays of ancient marine animals.
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50. John, who is a SentosaPlayPass holder, needn’t pay for the activities EXCEPT ______.
A. Storytelling Comes Alive B. Art Excursion at Sentosa
C. Boogie with Captain Palawan D. Storytelling at Underwater World Singapore
51. Which of the following statements is true
A. Boogie with Captain Palawan is an activity that happens daily.
B. Denise Tan will share her stories at Images of Singapore Forecourt.
C. Storytelling Comes Alive is recognized globally for its engaging content.
D. You will win prizes if you spend at least $40 in a single receipt at Sentosa.
52. On a Saturday at 2pm, Mr Smith and his family want to buy the SentosaPlayPass. He should go to ______.
A. Bugis station B. Somerset station
C. any TransitLink ticket office D. any Sentosa ticketing office
【答案】50. B 51. C 52. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几种在Sentosa举办的适合亲子游玩的超大型活动。
【50题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Art Excursion at Sentosa部分中的“Admission: $120 per child (SentosaPlayPass: $90 per child) $360 per family (SentosaPlayPass: $270 per family)(门票:每个孩子120美元(SentosaPlayPass:每个孩子90美元)每个家庭360美元(SentasaPlayPass:每个家庭270美元))”可知,Art Excursion at Sentosa活动中,SentosaPlayPass的持有者是需要付费的。故选B项。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Storytelling Comes Alive!部分中“Enjoy SUPERSIZED activities for the entire family this June at our international award winning interactive event, Story Telling Comes Alive! This is where the story teller uses a giant storybook, puppetry and characters coming alive to bring the exciting and fun stories to life.(今年6月,在我们的国际获奖互动活动“讲故事活起来”上,全家一起享受超大型活动!在这里,故事讲述者使用一本巨大的故事书、木偶戏和栩栩如生的人物,将激动人心的有趣故事栩栩如生)”可知,Storytelling Comes Alive活动因其引人入胜的内容得到全球的认可,C项正确。故选C项。
【52题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章SentosaPlayPass部分中的“Get your SentosaPlayPass at any Sentosa ticketing counters or selected TransitLink ticket offices.(在Sentosa的任何售票柜台或选定的TransitLink售票处领取您的SentosaPlayPass)”可知,顾客可以在任意时刻在Sentosa的任何售票柜台领取SentosaPlayPass。故选D项。
C
I'll admit I've never quite understood the obsession (难以破除的成见) surrounding genetically modified (GM) (改变) crops.To environmentalist opponents,GM foods are simply evil,an understudied,possibly harmful tool used by big agricultural businesses to control global seed markets and beat local farmers.They argue that GM foods have never delivered on their supposed promise,that money spent on GM crops would be better channeled to organic farming and that consumers should be protected with warning labels on any products that contain genetically modified ingredients.To supporters,GM crops are a key part of the effort to sustainably provide food to meet a growing global population.But more than that,supporters see the GM opposition of many environmentalists as fundamentally anti-science,no different than those who question the basics of man-made climate change.
For both sides,GM foods seem to act as a symbol: you're pro-agricultural business or anti-science.But science is exactly what we need more of when it comes to GM foods,which is why I was happy to see Nature devote a special series of articles to the GM food controversy.The conclusion: while GM crops haven’t yet realized their initial promise and have been dominated by agricultural businesses,there is reason to continue to use and develop them to help meet the enormous challenge of sustainably feeding a growing planet.
That doesn't mean GM crops are perfect,or a one-size-fits-all solution to global agriculture problems.But anything that can increase farming efficiency—the amount of crops we can produce per acre of land—will be extremely useful.GM crops can and almost certainly will be part of that suite of tools, but so will traditional plant breeding,improved soil and crop management—and perhaps most important of all,better storage and transport infrastructure (基础设施) especially in the developing world.(It doesn't do much good for farmers in places like sub-Saharan Africa to produce more food if they can't get it to hungry consumers.) I'd like to see more non-industry research done on GM crops—not just because we'd worry less about prejudice,but also because seed companies like Monsanto and Pioneer shouldn't be the only entities (实体) working to harness genetic modification.I'd like to see GM research on less commercial crops,like corn.I don't think it's vital to label GM ingredients in food,but I also wouldn't be against it—and industry would be smart to go along with labeling,just as a way of removing fears about the technology.
Most of all,though,I wish a tenth of the energy that's spent endlessly debating GM crops was focused on those more pressing challenges for global agriculture.There are much bigger battles to fight.
53. How do environmentalist opponents view GM foods according to the passage
A. They will eventually ruin agriculture and the environment.
B. They are used by big businesses to dominate agriculture.
C. They have proved potentially harmful to consumers' health.
D. They pose a big threat to current farming practice.
54. What does the author say is vital to solving the controversy between the two sides of the debate
A. Breaking the GM food monopoly (垄断). B. More friendly exchange of ideas.
C. Regulating GM food production. D. More scientific research on GM crops.
55. What is the author's view on the solution to agricultural problems
A. It has to depend more and more on GM technology.
B. It is vital to the sustainable development of human society.
C. GM crops should be allowed until better alternatives are found.
D. Whatever is useful to improve farming efficiency should be encouraged.
56. What does the author think of the ongoing debate around GM crops
A. It arises out of ignorance of and prejudice against new science.
B. It distracts the public attention from other key issues of the world.
C. Efforts spent on it should be turned to more urgent issues of agriculture.
D. Neither side is likely to give in until more convincing evidence is found.
【答案】53. B 54. D 55. D 56. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲了人们应该拿出花在无休止讨论转基因农作物上时间的十分之一来关注一下全球农业面临的更紧迫的挑战。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。答案定位到第一段To environmentalist opponents,GM foods are simply evil,an understudied,possibly harmful tool used by big agricultural businesses to control global seed markets and beat local farmers.指出奉行环境保护主义的反对者们反对转基因食品是因为转基因食品邪恶、没有经过充分研究并可能成为大型农业公司控制全球种子市场和压榨当地农民的工具。由此可见,B的意思符合文意,即转基因食品是一种被大型农业公司用以垄断的工具,故选B。
【54题详解】
细节理解题。首句就提到了题干中的two sides,表明对双方而言,转基因食品是一个标志你是亲农业还是反科学。第二句中But science is exactly what we need more of when it comes to GMfoods接着指出,当涉及转基因食品时,我们更需要的是科学,故答案为D。
【55题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位第三段That doesn't mean GM crops are perfect,or a one-size-fits-all solution to global agriculture problems.But anything that can increase farming efficiency—the amount of crops we can produce per acre of land—will be extremely useful.指出.转基因农作物并不是解决全球农业两题‘一劳永逸”的办法,但是任何提高耕作效率的方法都是极为有用的,故答案为D。
【56题详解】
观点态度题。答案定位在末段作者在定位段中指出,人们应该拿出花在无休止讨论转基因农作物上时间的十分之一来关注一下全球农业面临的更紧迫的挑战,故答案为C。
Section C (4*2’=8’)
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
How to Appreciate Impressionist Paintings
The Impressionist Movement began in the late 19th century as a group of rebellious young artists based in Paris looked for new ways to use light and color. Known for painting quickly and spontaneously (自发地), Impressionists explored how the viewers’ eye interprets objects.
And when would be a better time than now to see with your own eyes some of the best impressionist masterpieces as dozens of paintings by Monet are on display in Shanghai _______57_______
Consider the subject matter. Impressionist painters broke away from the standard subject matter of royalty, mythology and historical realism. _______58_______ Impressionists departed from the norm by painting ordinary people engaged in everyday activities.
Examine the light sources. The exploration and translation of light onto the canvas (画布) was the core of Impressionist painting. Look particularly at unusual displays of light, such as filtering through tree branches or reflecting off water.
_______59_______ Unlike the traditional schools of painting, which were careful to smooth the paint, impressionists used short, strong strokes and were unconcerned if the brush stroke was visible. Observe how the brush stroke reflects light.
Observe the colors in the painting. Impressionists painted with many colors, mostly in bright shades. Rather than mixing colors before applying to the canvas, they placed the colors directly on the canvas and allowed the viewer’s eye to mix the colors. _______60_______
Allow the eye to view the painting as a whole. Rather than look at each item in the painting, look for an overall mood and feeling, determine which emotion the painting arouses, such as peacefulness, exhaustion or joy.
A. Follow the painter’s footprints and you will find Impressionism easier to understand than you think.
B. Even if you know nothing about Impressionism, these instructions will help you develop an appreciation for Impressionist paintings.
C. They revealed what the world was like from children’s perspective.
D. Note also that there is little use of black, which makes the painting brighter.
E. Instead, they concentrated on the modern world, particularly landscapes.
F. Look at the artist’s technique.
【答案】57. B 58. E 59. F 60. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了欣赏印象派画作的方法。
57题详解】
根据上文“And when would be a better time than now to see with your own eyes some of the best impressionist masterpieces as dozens of paintings by Monet are on display in Shanghai (莫奈的数十幅画作正在上海展出,还有什么时候比现在更适合亲眼目睹印象派的杰作呢?)”可知,上文提到了印象派的画作正在展出,结合后文介绍了欣赏画作的方法。故B选项“即使你对印象派一无所知,这些说明也会帮助你培养对印象派绘画的鉴赏力。”符合语境,故选B。
【58题详解】
根据上文“Consider the subject matter. Impressionist painters broke away from the standard subject matter of royalty, mythology and historical realism. (考虑主题。印象派画家脱离了皇室、神话和历史现实主义的标准题材。)”可知,上文提到印象派脱离了标准题材,可知本句是在说明他们专注的题材是什么。故E选项“相反,他们专注于现代世界,尤其是风景。”符合语境,故选E。
【59题详解】
根据后文“Unlike the traditional schools of painting. which were careful to smooth the paint, Impressionists used short, strong strokes and were unconcerned if the brush stroke was visible. Observe how the brush stroke reflects light. (不像传统的画派。他们小心地使油漆光滑,印象派画家使用短而有力的笔触,并且不关心笔触是否可见。观察笔触如何反射光。)”可知,本段的主旨主要说明了通过艺术家的技巧来欣赏印象派。故F选项“看艺术家的技巧”符合语境,故选F。
【60题详解】
根据上文“Observe the colors in the painting. Impressionists painted with many colors, mostly in bright shades. Rather than mixing colors before applying to the canvas, they placed the colors directly on the canvas and allowed the viewer’s eye to mix the colors. (观察这幅画的颜色。印象派画家用许多颜色作画,大多是明亮的色调。他们不是先混合颜色再涂在画布上,而是直接把颜色放在画布上,让观众的眼睛来混合颜色。)”可知,本段主要是关于印象派使用的颜色的说明,且上文提到了使用的多数是明亮的色调。故D选项“还要注意的是,黑色的使用很少,这使得画面更明亮。”符合语境,故选D。
IV. Summary Writing (10’)
61. Direction: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Like many students, Ryan believes that the time and money spent on his education will pay off: he will eventually be able to get a good job and do well in the field he has chosen. And yet, in spite of all of the years spent in school preparing to enter the workplace, many recent graduates say that they struggle with the shift from classroom to career world and have difficulty adjusting to life on the job.
Writer and editor Joseph Lewis believes that most of our school experiences are fairly predictable, while life in the working world is far more uncertain. In school, for example, the pattern stays more or less the same from year to year. In the workplace, however, constant change is the norm, and one has to adapt quickly.
Another problem is that in school, many students spend a lot of time memorizing facts and repeating what they “learned” on tests. But in the workplace employees “are often expected to think critically and make decisions about their work, not just follow a supervisor’s instructions.” Less time needs to be spent in school on testing, says one recent report, and more on helping students to analyze and interpret information, solve problems, and communicate their ideas effectively—skills that will prepare them to succeed in today’s workplace.
Finally, in the workplace, employees must regularly interact with others and are often dependent on their co-workers for their success. In other words, if an employee has to work with others to complete a given project, that employee’s success not only depends on his hard work and expertise, but also on how well his colleagues perform. Knowing how to participate in teamwork--and deal with problems when they arise is extremely important, and yet, it is also something many students didn’t get quite exposed to in a school setting.
How can we better prepare young adults for the work place Recent graduates, looking back on their educational experience, have some advice. Despite classroom instruction, many think that all students should be required to do an internship (实习) while they are in school. Volunteering part time at a company, hospital, or government organization, for example, can help one gain experience and learn skills needed to succeed in the real world. Doing these will help prepare students for the realities of the workplace and make the transition from school to career world less stressful.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Many graduates find it tough to adapt to the transition from school to workplace. Firstly, because they aren’t familiar with career uncertainty. Secondly, because they lack integrated skills essential for future success and thirdly, because they don’t know how to cooperate with others. Therefore, doing social practices like internships and volunteering can prepare students for their successful transition to work. (60 words)
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说,许多毕业生发现很难适应从学校到职场的过渡。首先,因为他们不熟悉职业的不确定性。第二,因为他们缺乏未来成功所必需的综合技能,第三,因为他们不知道如何与他人合作。因此,像实习和志愿者这样的社会实践可以为学生成功过渡到工作做好准备。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①And yet, in spite of all of the years spent in school preparing to enter the workplace, many recent graduates say that they struggle with the shift from classroom to career world and have difficulty adjusting to life on the job.
②Writer and editor Joseph Lewis believes that most of our school experiences are fairly predictable, while life in the working world is far more uncertain.
③Less time needs to be spent in school on testing, says one recent report, and more on helping students to analyze and interpret information, solve problems, and communicate their ideas effectively—skills that will prepare them to succeed in today’s workplace. Finally, in the workplace, employees must regularly interact with others and are often dependent on their co-workers for their success.
④Despite classroom instruction, many think that all students should be required to do an internship (实习) while they are in school.
2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说,将第2、3、4三个要点进行分说。
3.遣词造句
A number of graduates find it difficult to fit in the transition from school to workplace.
To begin with, because they are unfamiliar with career uncertainty.
Secondly, because they are short of comprehensive skills essential for future success and thirdly, because they don’t know how to be cooperative with others.
Therefore, doing practical work like internships and volunteering can make students prepared for their successful transition to work.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Secondly, because they lack integrated skills essential for future success and thirdly, because they don’t know how to cooperate with others.运用because引导原因状语从句对原文第三段和第四段进行了概括。
[高分句型2] Therefore, doing social practices like internships and volunteering can prepare students for their successful transition to work.用动名词作主语对最后一段进行了概括,表达非常高级。
V. Translation (3’+3’+4’+5’=15’)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
62. 这个生物对成熟果实的喜爱,有别于它的史前祖先。(distinguish) (汉译英)
【答案】This (living) creature’s love for ripe fruits distinguishes it from its prehistoric ancestors.
This (living) creature is distinguished from its prehistoric ancestors by its love for ripe fruits.
This (living) creature loves ripe fruits, which distinguishes it from its prehistoric ancestors.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。表示“这个生物”短语为This (living) creature;表示“对成熟果实的喜爱”可翻译为love for ripe fruits、 its love for ripe fruits或love ripe fruits;表示“有别于”短语为distinguish...from/be distinguished from;表示“史前祖先”应用prehistoric ancestors。此处也可用which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰句子This (living) creature loves ripe fruits。句子陈述一般性事实,用一般现在时。故翻译为This (living) creature’s love for ripe fruits distinguishes it from its prehistoric ancestors./This (living) creature is distinguished from its prehistoric ancestors by its love for ripe fruits./This (living) creature loves ripe fruits, which distinguishes it from its prehistoric ancestors.
63. 他不顾自己大病初愈,立刻埋首于原始数据的处理中。(bury)(汉译英)
【答案】Despite the fact that he had just recovered from a serious illness, he buried himself in processing the raw data/the raw data processing immediately./Regardless of/Despite his recent recovery from a serious illness, he buried himself in processing the raw data/the raw data processing immediately.
【解析】
【详解】考查同位语从句、动词短语、名词短语、介词和副词。“他不顾自己大病初愈”有两种译法,一种是在意为“尽管”的介词despite后使用名词短语the fact,再用that引导名词性从句作fact的同位语,从句中主语“他”用代词he,“大病初愈”即“刚刚从大病中痊愈”,“刚刚”应用副词just,“从……中痊愈”可用动词短语recover from,“大病”可用名词短语a serious illness,且此处“痊愈”发生在“埋首于”之前,是过去的过去发生的事情,时态应用过去完成时,recover需变为had recovered;另一种是在意为“不管,不顾”的固定短语regardless of或意为“尽管”的介词despite后直接使用名词短语,用his recent recovery from a serious illness表示“自己大病初愈”。“埋首于”可用动词短语bury oneself in,主语是he,oneself需变为himself,且此处是描述过去发生的事情,时态应用一般过去时,bury应用过去式,“原始数据的处理”可用动名词短语processing the raw data或名词短语the raw data processing,“立刻”可用副词immediately。故译为:Despite the fact that he had just recovered from a serious illness, he buried himself in processing the raw data/the raw data processing immediately./Regardless of/Despite his recent recovery from a serious illness, he buried himself in processing the raw data/the raw data processing immediately.
64. 失主深信过不了多久就能去机场认领自己丢失的行李。(before; convince) (汉译英)
【答案】The owner of the lost property was deeply convinced that it wouldn’t be long before he could claim his lost luggage at the airport.
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词、宾语从句和状语从句。描述过去的一次性动作,应用一般过去时。表示“失主”可用The owner of the lost property,在句中作主语;be deeply convinced that“深信……”,that引导的宾语从句,that在从句中不作成分,没有意义;表示“过不了多久就”可用it wouldn’t be long before...句式;在before引导的时间状语从句中,“他”he作主语;表示“能够”用could;表示“认领”用claim;表示“(他)自己丢失的行李”用his lost luggage,在句中作宾语;表示“在机场”用at the airport,在句中做地点状语。故翻译为:The owner of the lost property was deeply convinced that it wouldn’t be long before he could claim his lost luggage at the airport.
65. 这已是该地区第三次爆发森林大火了,这些火灾不仅严重破坏了自然平衡,也对人类生命构成了极大的威胁。(disturb) (汉译英)
【答案】This is the third time that a forest fire has broken out in this area, which has not only disturbed the balance of nature but has also posed a huge threat to human life.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、固定句型、时态和定语从句。表示“这是第三次……”句型为This is the third time that+现在完成时;表示“森林大火”应用a forest fire;表示“爆发”短语为beak out;表示“该地区”应用in this area;后跟which引导的非限制性定语从句;表示“不仅……而且……”句型为not only…but also…;表示“严重破坏了自然平衡”应用disturb the balance of nature;表示“对人类生命构成了极大的威胁”应用pose a huge threat to human life,从句用一般过去时。故翻译为This is the third time that a forest fire has broken out in this area, which has not only disturbed the balance of nature but has also posed a huge threat to human life.
VI. Guided Writing (25’)
66. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given in Chinese.
假如你是李明,你的英国朋友(Mike)来信说要在圣诞节期间来中国旅游。他在网上选中了三个地方,上海外滩、杭州西湖和北京长城。他来信征求你的意见。请你根据自身经验或者所了解的信息,建议他舍弃其中的一个地点(要说明放弃理由) ;并推荐个新的景点供他参考 (并说明推荐理由)
注意:文中不得出现你本人的姓名、班级等真实信息。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Mike,
Delighted to know that you are going to visit China during Christmas, I am writing to give you some advice concerning Chinese famous travelling spots.
The West Lake in Hangzhou and the Great Wall in Beijing both present Chinese long history, and you can enjoy Chinese traditional culture in these places of interest, while the Bund in Shanghai doesn't. So if I were you, I wouldn't choose the Bund in Shanghai. Instead, I would go to the Forbidden City. The Forbidden City witnesses Chinese unique history and long culture, where you can feel the splendid ancient civilization.
Looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Ming
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文,要求考生给Mike写封建议信,对他的中国之旅提建议。
详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的:delighted→happy
关于:concerning→about
见证:witness→see
古老的:ancient→old
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句:The West Lake in Hangzhou and the Great Wall in Beijing both present Chinese long history, and you can enjoy Chinese traditional culture in these places of interest.
拓展句:The West Lake in Hangzhou and the Great Wall in Beijing both present Chinese long history, where you can enjoy Chinese traditional culture.
【点睛】[高分句型1]So if I were you, I wouldn't choose the Bund in Shanghai.(使用了虚拟语气)
[高分句型2]The Forbidden City witnesses Chinese unique history and long culture, where you can feel the splendid ancient civilization.(where引导的定语从句)
1-5 CAABB 6-10 BADDB 11-13 CBB 14-16 BCA 17-20 CABD
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