Unit 7 International Charities Grammar课件(共28张PPT) 2023-2024学年牛津译林版英语八年级下册
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| 名称 | Unit 7 International Charities Grammar课件(共28张PPT) 2023-2024学年牛津译林版英语八年级下册 |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-01-03 11:02:08 | ||
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(共28张PPT)
译林版
初中英语 译林版八年级下册
Unit 7
Period 3
Grammar
What do you know about the active voice and the passive voice
新课导入
Free Talk
1
2
能熟悉并正确运用本课时的重点单词和短语。
能掌握被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时。
l. —English is widely spoken in the world, isn't it
—Yes. It's used ________ an official language in more than 70 countries.
A. for B. as C. with D. by
2. UNICEF was ________ in 1946 to improve children's lives after World
War II.
A. given up B. put up C. set up D. got up
预习检测
B
C
3. —Can Mr King spare some time for the charity show
—If he ________, he will try his best to make it.
A. will be invited B. is invited C. invites D. invited
4. —Have you heard of the song Little Apple
—Yes. It ________ every morning when aged people do square
dancing downstairs.
A. is played B. plays C. was played D. played
5. Over $ 30,000 ________ for a children's hospital by a British girl
several months ago.
A. is raised B. was raised C. will be raised D. has been raised
B
A
B
知识梳理
1. Leaflets are handed out to people in the street by volunteers.
志愿者在街上向人们散发传单。
hand out 分发；提出
e.g. One of my jobs was to hand out the prizes.
我的工作之一是分发奖品。
Language Points
2. Oxfam was set up in the UK in 1942, ...
乐施会于1942年在英国成立，……
set up 建起，设立
e.g. He has just set up his own business.
他刚建立起自己的公司。
被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时
如：We clean the classroom every day.
我们每天都打扫教室。
The classroom is cleaned (by us) every day.
教室每天都被(我们)打扫。
语态是动词的一种形式，表示的是主语和谓语之间的关系。
英语的动词有两种语态，即主动语态(The Active Voice)与被动语态（The Passive Voice)
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态
We call the garden the Slender West Lake.
The garden is called the Slender West lake.
Active voice
主动语态
S
V
O
Passive voice
被动语态
S
V
主动语态的基本用法
当知道谁在执行动作很重要时，我们使用主动语态。
Volunteer doctors do operations on the plane.
志愿医生在飞机上做手术。
被动语态的基本用法
1. 动作的执行者是泛指或者不言自明时。
None of the books was taken away.
没有一本书被拿走。
2. 在不知道动作的执行者是谁时。
The toy is designed for children.
这款玩具是为孩子们设计的。
3. 需要强调动作的承受者时。
My bike was repaired.
我的自行车修好了。
4. 出于委婉或礼貌而避谈动作的执行者时。
5. 在被动语态的句子中, 如果我们需要指出动
作的执行者, 可以由by引出。
Mr Wu is liked by all of his students.
所有的学生都喜欢吴老师。
The problem was talked about just now.
这个问题刚才被讨论过。
一般现在时的被动语态的结构
肯定句：主语+am/is/are+过去分词+其他.
Example：English is taught by him.
否定句：主语+am/is/are+not+过去分词+其他.
Example：English isn’t taught by him.
一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语+过去分词+其他？
Example: Is English taught by him
特殊疑问句：疑问词＋am/is/are+主语+过去分词+其他？
Example: Who is taught English by him
一般过去时的被动语态的结构
肯定句：主语+was/were+过去分词+其他.
Example： The bridge was built in 1999.
否定句：主语+ was/were+not+过去分词+其他.
Example： The bridge wasn’t built in 1999.
一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+过去分词+其他？
Example: Was the bridge built in 1999
特殊疑问句：疑问词＋was/were+ 主语+过去分词+其他？
Example: When was the bridge built
第一步：主宾互换。
第二步：谓语动词变为“be+过去分词”，并通过be的变化来表达出不同的时态。
第三步： “be+过去分词” + by +原主语。
（有时by+原主语可省）
第四步：时间、地点状语等保持一致。
主变被四步曲
主动语态变被动语态
by many students.
Many students study English.
English
is studied
被动语态变化步骤
They bought ten computers last term.
(by them) last term.
Ten computers
were bought
宾变主,主变宾,前加by
动变被,看清be, 结构分别be+pp.
主动语态变被动语态的口诀
宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。
谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。
“be”要随着主语变，人称时态要弄准。
主语+谓语+双宾语的句式转换
主动语态 主语 He 谓语(主动式) passed 间宾 me 直宾
a book.
被动语态 原直宾 A book 谓语(被动式) was passed to me by 原主语(改为宾格)him.
原间宾(改为主格) I 谓语(被动式) was passed 原直宾 a book by 原主语(改为宾格)
him.
被动语态的特殊用法
1.有些动词, 其主动语态形式含有被动意义，如：系动词smell, taste, sound, feel 等，还有一些不及物动词, 常用主动语态, 和well, easily等副词连用, 含有被动意义。如： read, write, draw, sell, wash, cook, clean等。
The dish smells good. 这道菜闻起来很香。
The books sell well. 这些书很畅销。
2. 在感官动词和使役动词的主动语态句式中, 动词不定式的to常省去, 但是在被动语态中要加上to。
主动语态 主语 The teacher 谓语(主动式) made 宾语 him 不带to的不定式
retell the story.
被动语态 原宾语(改为主格) He 谓语(被动式) was made 带to的不定式 to retell the story by 原主语(改为宾格)
the teacher.
The Class 1, Grade 8 students are talking about the different things people can do for the poor. Look at the pictures and help them complete their notes using the words in brackets and the passive voice. Add the word by when necessary.
1. Charity activities ________________________(plan/to help the poor).
are planned to help the poor
2. Leaflets _____________________________________ _________(hand out/to people in the street/volunteers).
are handed out to people in the street by
volunteers
3. Toys and CDs _____________________(sell/to raise money).
are sold to raise money
What they do every year
5. Warm clothes __________________________
(collect/for poor people).
were collected for poor people
6. A charity show ____________________________ (hold/the Students' Union).
was held by the Students' Union
4. New books ______________________________ ___________________________(send/to children in poor areas/the Class 1, Grade 8 students).
were sent to children in poor areas
by the Class 1, Grade 8 students
What they did last week
Amy and Daniel are talking about plete their conversation with the words in brackets using the passive voice.
Amy: I'm reading a book about Oxfam.
Daniel: Really Please tell me about it.
Amy: OK. Oxfam ___________ (set up) in the UK in 1942, and the first Oxfam shop __________ (open) in 1948. Now it has about 15,000 shops all over the world. A lot of things _________ (sell) in Oxfam shops, including books. The money _______ (use) by Oxfam to help poor people.
Daniel: That's good. There are also some charity projects in China. One of them ________ (call) Project Hope. It __________ (start) in 1989. With its help, millions of poor children all over the country __________ (give) basic education.
Amy: Yes. Many schools __________ (build) in poor areas each year.
was set up
was opened
is called
was started
were given
are built
are sold
is used
通过以
活动小结
通过以上的活动，我们学习了被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时：
被动语态的一般现在时
肯定句结构：_______________________________
否定句结构：_______________________________
被动语态的一般过去时
肯定句结构：_______________________________
否定句结构：_______________________________
主语+am/is/are +过去分词+其他.
主语+am/is/are +not+过去分词+其他.
主语+was/were+过去分词+其他.
主语+ was/were+not+过去分词+其他.
1. She was ______ (治愈) with a new medicine.
2. ______ (传单) are handed out everywhere in the street.
3. When was the school ______ (建立) up
4. Three letters were written by him, _________ (包括) this one.
5. The sports meeting is ______ (举行) once a year.
当堂检测
一、根据句意及提示完成下列句子。
cured
Leaflets
set
including
held
1. It's said (据说) that the long bridge ________ (build) two months ago.
2. English _______ the most widely _______ (speak) in the world.
3. Last year a large number of trees ___________ (cut) down.
4. Vegetables, eggs and fruits _________ (sell) in this shop.
5. The room _________ (clean) by me every day.
二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。
was built
is spoken
were cut
are sold
is cleaned
重点单词和短语：
leaflet, hold, set, including, hand out, set up
被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时：
被动语态的一般现在时
肯定句结构：_______________________________
否定句结构：_______________________________
被动语态的一般过去时
肯定句结构：_______________________________
否定句结构：_______________________________
Unit 7
Period 3
主语+am/is/are +过去分词+其他.
主语+am/is/are +not+过去分词+其他.
主语+was/were+过去分词+其他.
主语+ was/were+not+过去分词+其他.
译林版
初中英语 译林版八年级下册
Unit 7
Period 3
Grammar
What do you know about the active voice and the passive voice
新课导入
Free Talk
1
2
能熟悉并正确运用本课时的重点单词和短语。
能掌握被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时。
l. —English is widely spoken in the world, isn't it
—Yes. It's used ________ an official language in more than 70 countries.
A. for B. as C. with D. by
2. UNICEF was ________ in 1946 to improve children's lives after World
War II.
A. given up B. put up C. set up D. got up
预习检测
B
C
3. —Can Mr King spare some time for the charity show
—If he ________, he will try his best to make it.
A. will be invited B. is invited C. invites D. invited
4. —Have you heard of the song Little Apple
—Yes. It ________ every morning when aged people do square
dancing downstairs.
A. is played B. plays C. was played D. played
5. Over $ 30,000 ________ for a children's hospital by a British girl
several months ago.
A. is raised B. was raised C. will be raised D. has been raised
B
A
B
知识梳理
1. Leaflets are handed out to people in the street by volunteers.
志愿者在街上向人们散发传单。
hand out 分发；提出
e.g. One of my jobs was to hand out the prizes.
我的工作之一是分发奖品。
Language Points
2. Oxfam was set up in the UK in 1942, ...
乐施会于1942年在英国成立，……
set up 建起，设立
e.g. He has just set up his own business.
他刚建立起自己的公司。
被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时
如：We clean the classroom every day.
我们每天都打扫教室。
The classroom is cleaned (by us) every day.
教室每天都被(我们)打扫。
语态是动词的一种形式，表示的是主语和谓语之间的关系。
英语的动词有两种语态，即主动语态(The Active Voice)与被动语态（The Passive Voice)
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态
We call the garden the Slender West Lake.
The garden is called the Slender West lake.
Active voice
主动语态
S
V
O
Passive voice
被动语态
S
V
主动语态的基本用法
当知道谁在执行动作很重要时，我们使用主动语态。
Volunteer doctors do operations on the plane.
志愿医生在飞机上做手术。
被动语态的基本用法
1. 动作的执行者是泛指或者不言自明时。
None of the books was taken away.
没有一本书被拿走。
2. 在不知道动作的执行者是谁时。
The toy is designed for children.
这款玩具是为孩子们设计的。
3. 需要强调动作的承受者时。
My bike was repaired.
我的自行车修好了。
4. 出于委婉或礼貌而避谈动作的执行者时。
5. 在被动语态的句子中, 如果我们需要指出动
作的执行者, 可以由by引出。
Mr Wu is liked by all of his students.
所有的学生都喜欢吴老师。
The problem was talked about just now.
这个问题刚才被讨论过。
一般现在时的被动语态的结构
肯定句：主语+am/is/are+过去分词+其他.
Example：English is taught by him.
否定句：主语+am/is/are+not+过去分词+其他.
Example：English isn’t taught by him.
一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语+过去分词+其他？
Example: Is English taught by him
特殊疑问句：疑问词＋am/is/are+主语+过去分词+其他？
Example: Who is taught English by him
一般过去时的被动语态的结构
肯定句：主语+was/were+过去分词+其他.
Example： The bridge was built in 1999.
否定句：主语+ was/were+not+过去分词+其他.
Example： The bridge wasn’t built in 1999.
一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+过去分词+其他？
Example: Was the bridge built in 1999
特殊疑问句：疑问词＋was/were+ 主语+过去分词+其他？
Example: When was the bridge built
第一步：主宾互换。
第二步：谓语动词变为“be+过去分词”，并通过be的变化来表达出不同的时态。
第三步： “be+过去分词” + by +原主语。
（有时by+原主语可省）
第四步：时间、地点状语等保持一致。
主变被四步曲
主动语态变被动语态
by many students.
Many students study English.
English
is studied
被动语态变化步骤
They bought ten computers last term.
(by them) last term.
Ten computers
were bought
宾变主,主变宾,前加by
动变被,看清be, 结构分别be+pp.
主动语态变被动语态的口诀
宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。
谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。
“be”要随着主语变，人称时态要弄准。
主语+谓语+双宾语的句式转换
主动语态 主语 He 谓语(主动式) passed 间宾 me 直宾
a book.
被动语态 原直宾 A book 谓语(被动式) was passed to me by 原主语(改为宾格)him.
原间宾(改为主格) I 谓语(被动式) was passed 原直宾 a book by 原主语(改为宾格)
him.
被动语态的特殊用法
1.有些动词, 其主动语态形式含有被动意义，如：系动词smell, taste, sound, feel 等，还有一些不及物动词, 常用主动语态, 和well, easily等副词连用, 含有被动意义。如： read, write, draw, sell, wash, cook, clean等。
The dish smells good. 这道菜闻起来很香。
The books sell well. 这些书很畅销。
2. 在感官动词和使役动词的主动语态句式中, 动词不定式的to常省去, 但是在被动语态中要加上to。
主动语态 主语 The teacher 谓语(主动式) made 宾语 him 不带to的不定式
retell the story.
被动语态 原宾语(改为主格) He 谓语(被动式) was made 带to的不定式 to retell the story by 原主语(改为宾格)
the teacher.
The Class 1, Grade 8 students are talking about the different things people can do for the poor. Look at the pictures and help them complete their notes using the words in brackets and the passive voice. Add the word by when necessary.
1. Charity activities ________________________(plan/to help the poor).
are planned to help the poor
2. Leaflets _____________________________________ _________(hand out/to people in the street/volunteers).
are handed out to people in the street by
volunteers
3. Toys and CDs _____________________(sell/to raise money).
are sold to raise money
What they do every year
5. Warm clothes __________________________
(collect/for poor people).
were collected for poor people
6. A charity show ____________________________ (hold/the Students' Union).
was held by the Students' Union
4. New books ______________________________ ___________________________(send/to children in poor areas/the Class 1, Grade 8 students).
were sent to children in poor areas
by the Class 1, Grade 8 students
What they did last week
Amy and Daniel are talking about plete their conversation with the words in brackets using the passive voice.
Amy: I'm reading a book about Oxfam.
Daniel: Really Please tell me about it.
Amy: OK. Oxfam ___________ (set up) in the UK in 1942, and the first Oxfam shop __________ (open) in 1948. Now it has about 15,000 shops all over the world. A lot of things _________ (sell) in Oxfam shops, including books. The money _______ (use) by Oxfam to help poor people.
Daniel: That's good. There are also some charity projects in China. One of them ________ (call) Project Hope. It __________ (start) in 1989. With its help, millions of poor children all over the country __________ (give) basic education.
Amy: Yes. Many schools __________ (build) in poor areas each year.
was set up
was opened
is called
was started
were given
are built
are sold
is used
通过以
活动小结
通过以上的活动，我们学习了被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时：
被动语态的一般现在时
肯定句结构：_______________________________
否定句结构：_______________________________
被动语态的一般过去时
肯定句结构：_______________________________
否定句结构：_______________________________
主语+am/is/are +过去分词+其他.
主语+am/is/are +not+过去分词+其他.
主语+was/were+过去分词+其他.
主语+ was/were+not+过去分词+其他.
1. She was ______ (治愈) with a new medicine.
2. ______ (传单) are handed out everywhere in the street.
3. When was the school ______ (建立) up
4. Three letters were written by him, _________ (包括) this one.
5. The sports meeting is ______ (举行) once a year.
当堂检测
一、根据句意及提示完成下列句子。
cured
Leaflets
set
including
held
1. It's said (据说) that the long bridge ________ (build) two months ago.
2. English _______ the most widely _______ (speak) in the world.
3. Last year a large number of trees ___________ (cut) down.
4. Vegetables, eggs and fruits _________ (sell) in this shop.
5. The room _________ (clean) by me every day.
二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。
was built
is spoken
were cut
are sold
is cleaned
重点单词和短语：
leaflet, hold, set, including, hand out, set up
被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时：
被动语态的一般现在时
肯定句结构：_______________________________
否定句结构：_______________________________
被动语态的一般过去时
肯定句结构：_______________________________
否定句结构：_______________________________
Unit 7
Period 3
主语+am/is/are +过去分词+其他.
主语+am/is/are +not+过去分词+其他.
主语+was/were+过去分词+其他.
主语+ was/were+not+过去分词+其他.