厦门二中 2023-2024 学年（上）高一年段 12 月月考英语科试卷
本试卷分四部分，共 10 页。满分 140 分。考试时间 120 分钟。本试题附有答题卡。注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等信息填写在答题卡指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束，考生提交答题卡。试卷自己妥善保管以备讲评时用。
第一部分 听力理解（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What is the man’s job now
A. An engineer. B. A teacher. C. A reporter.
2.What does the man give the woman
A. A plant. B. A CD. C. Some flowers.
3.What is the woman going to do next
A. Cook a meal. B. Write her paper. C. Do some typing.
4.What will the weather be like according to the man
A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Snowy.
5.What does the man think about the model
A. It’s cheap. B. It’s worthy. C. It’s expensive.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6.What was the weather like in Harbin during the man’s stay
A. Hot. B. Cool. C. Cold.
7.Why didn’t the man spend much money on his trip
A.He stayed in a little hotel.
B.He shared meals with his friends.
C.He stayed at his grandfather’s house.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8.What is the relationship between the speakers
A.A couple. B. Friends. C. Parent and child.
9.How much will the speakers pay for the concert in total
A. $20. B. $40. C. $50.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10 What should the club members wear
A. Golf shoes. B. Golf pants. C. Club sweaters.
11.How much is a half-hour lesson
A. $20. B. $40. C. $80.
12.What do we know about Westwood Golf Club
A.It has a swimming pool.
B.Teachers often give group lessons.
C.Club members can invite guests to play there.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13.What is the man’s major
A. Tourism. B. Marketing. C. International business.
14.What is a requirement of the job
A. Traveling a lot. B. Being married. C. Living abroad.
15.What does the man think of the job
A. Boring. B. Challenging. C. Pleasant.
16.How soon will the man get a reply
A. In three days. B. In six days. C. In ten days.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17.How much is a group ticket to the castle
A. $3. B. $4. C. $6.
18.Who should the students give money to
A. Mr. Hill. B. Mrs. Philips. C. Mr. Gifford.
19.What time should the students get to school tomorrow morning
A. At 7: 15 a. m. B. At 7:30 a.m. C. At 7:45 a.m.
20.What should the students take with them
A. A lunch. B. A pen. C. A piece of paper.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分, 满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
If you’d like to go sightseeing the following World Heritage sites (世界遗产保护地) may be your best choices.
Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area
Jiuzhaigou Valley, which lies in the northern part of Sichuan Province, China, reaches a height of more than 4,800m, with a series of different forest ecosystems (生态系统). It’s particularly famous for its narrow landforms and excellent waterfalls. Some 140 kinds of birds also live in the valley, as well as a number of endangered plants and animals, including the giant panda. Jiuzhaigou Valley was recognized as a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 1992.
Khami Ruins National Monument
The city of Khami, which developed after the capital of Great Zimbabwe had been given up in the mid-16th century, is of great archaeological (考古的) interest. The discovery of objects from Europe and China shows that Khami was a major centre for trade over a long period of time. It joined the World Heritage List in 1986.
Henderson Island
Henderson Island, which lies in the eastern South Pacific, is one of the few atolls (环礁) in the world whose ecology (生态) has been untouched by humans. It is particularly famous for the 10 plants and 4 birds that can only be seen on the island. It was recorded in the World Heritage List in 1988.
Old City of Jerusalem
As a holy (神圣的) city for three different religions in the Middle East, Jerusalem has always been of great religious importance. It was given a World Heritage Status in 1981 and placed on the “World Heritage in Danger List” the following year.
1. Which of the following is TRUE about Jiuzhaigou Valley
A. Wonderful waterfalls can be seen there.
B. It is famous for many ancient objects.
C. It has been untouched by human beings.
D. It lies in the southern part of Sichuan Province.
2. From the passage, we can learn that Jerusalem ________.
A. was ruined in the mid-16th century
B. was once business center for trade
C. has over 140 kinds of birds living there
D. is a holy city for three major religions
3. According to the passage, which World Heritage site was most recently set
A. Henderson Island. B. Khami Ruins National Monument.
C. Old City of Jerusalem. D. Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了中国的九寨沟风景名胜区、津巴布韦的卡米遗址国家纪念物、太平洋东南部的亨德森岛和以色列的耶路撒冷古城四个世界遗产保护地。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area部分中“It’s particularly famous for its narrow landforms and excellent waterfalls.”（它以其狭窄的地形和极好的瀑布而闻名。）可知，在九寨沟可以看到极好的瀑布。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Old City of Jerusalem部分中“As a holy (神圣的) city for three different religions in the Middle East, Jerusalem has always been of great religious importance.”（作为中东三个不同宗教的圣城，耶路撒冷一直具有重要的宗教意义。）可知，耶路撒冷是三大宗教的圣城。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area部分中“Jiuzhaigou Valley was recognized as a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 1992.”（九寨沟于1992年被联合国教科文组织确认为世界遗产。）、Khami Ruins National Monument部分中“It joined the World Heritage List in 1986.”（它于1986年加入世界遗产名录。）、Henderson Island部分中“It was recorded in the World Heritage List in 1988.”（它于1988年被列入世界遗产名录。）和Old City of Jerusalem部分中“It was given a World Heritage Status in 1981 and placed on the “World Heritage in Danger List” the following year.”（1981年被授予世界遗产地位，次年被列入“濒危世界遗产名录”。）可知，四个世界遗产保护地中，九寨沟风景名胜区是最近确定的。故选D项。
B
Peruvian firefighters were fighting to control a forest fire near Machu Picchu on Thursday, as the flames threatened to close in on the ancient city high in the Andean mountains.
Machu Picchu, a site of Inca ruins sitting on top of a mountain, was built in the mid-15th century by the Incas, whose empire controlled large areas of South America from what is today southern Ecuador to central Chile. Considered as one of the new seven wonders of the world, it is a top tourist attraction in Cusco, Peru.
The fire, which had damaged an area about half the size of Vatican City, was started on June 28, 2022 by farmers burning grass to prepare to plant new seeds. Since Tuesday, about 20 hectares (49 acres) had been affected by the fire, the mayor of the nearby city of Cusco said.
The fire’s remoteness has greatly influenced firefighting efforts. “We have already been fighting the forest fire for two days and it has not been possible to get it under control, for the area is quite far away and hard to reach,” said Roberto Abarca, director of the Cusco Risk Management and Security Office.
Some 600 firefighters and volunteers battled the fire, and helicopters dropped retardants (阻燃剂) in front of the flames to prevent them from spreading to archaeological (考古学的) sites. “The fire has left the critical zone where there are archaeological monuments, but is still burning fiercely,” the government said.
While South America’s top archaeological treasure was safe from the fire, experts feared the destruction of thousands of acres of nearby forest would damage Machu Picchu’s attraction to tourists.
4. What can be learned about Machu Picchu
A. it has a history of a thousand years.
B. How and why it was built remains unknown.
C. It covers an area from southern Ecuador to central Chile.
D. It is regarded as one of the new seven wonders of the world.
5. What do we know about the fire from the passage
A. It was put out before it reached archaeological sites.
B. Its remoteness added to the difficulty of firefighting.
C. It was started when farmers were planting new seeds.
D. It affected about 49 acres of Machu Picchu altogether.
6. How does the writer show the seriousness of the fire
A. By using numbers. B. By giving definitions.
C. By providing examples. D. By making comparison.
7. Where is the passage probably taken from
A. A story collection. B. A tourist brochure.
C. A weekly newspaper. D. A geography magazine.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了发生于秘鲁马丘比丘附近的一场森林大火。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Considered as one of the new seven wonders of the world, it is a top tourist attraction in Cusco, Peru. (它被认为是世界新七大奇迹之一，是秘鲁库斯科顶级旅游景点)”可知，Machu Picchu被认为是世界新七大奇迹之一。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The fire’s remoteness has greatly influenced firefighting efforts. “We have already been fighting the forest fire for two days and it has not been possible to get it under control, for the area is quite far away and hard to reach,” said Roberto Abarca (火灾地点偏远，极大地影响了灭火工作。罗伯托·阿巴尔卡说：我们已经与森林大火搏斗了两天，但火势不可能得到控制，因为该地区非常遥远，很难到达)”可知，由于地处偏远，增加了灭火的难度。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The fire, which had damaged an area about half the size of Vatican City, was started on June 28, 2022 by farmers burning grass to prepare to plant new seeds. Since Tuesday, about 20 hectares (49 acres) had been affected by the fire (这场大火于2022年6月28日开始，烧毁了约半个梵蒂冈城大小的区域，当时农民们正在焚烧草，准备播种新种子。自周二以来，约有20公顷(49英亩)的土地受到火灾影响)”可知，这场大火烧毁了约半个梵蒂冈城大小的区域，约有20公顷(49英亩)的土地受到火灾影响。由此推知，作者是用数字显示了火灾的严重性。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Peruvian firefighters were fighting to control a forest fire near Machu Picchu on Thursday, as the flames threatened to close in on the ancient city high in the Andean mountains. (周四，秘鲁消防队员正在努力控制马丘比丘附近的一场森林大火，大火威胁着这座安第斯山脉上的古城)”以及文章第三段“The fire, which had damaged an area about half the size of Vatican City, was started on June 28, 2022 by farmers burning grass to prepare to plant new seeds. Since Tuesday, about 20 hectares (49 acres) had been affected by the fire (这场大火于2022年6月28日开始，烧毁了约半个梵蒂冈城大小的区域，当时农民们正在焚烧草，准备播种新种子。自周二以来，约有20公顷(49英亩)的土地受到火灾影响)”可知，文章主要讲述的是2022年6月28日开始的马丘比丘附近的一场森林大火的现状。故文章最可能是一篇新闻报道，第一段是新闻导语。故选C。
C
If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven't you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language
According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.
The study also found the effect is greater, the younger people learn a second language.
A team led by Dr Andrea Mechelli, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of "early bilinguals" who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.
Scans showed that grey matter density (密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference.
"Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language," said the scientists.
It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.
Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. "Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible (灵活的),"he said. "You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas."
The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of two and 34. Reading, writing, and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. "Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world," explained the scientists.
8. The main subject talked about in this passage is ______.
A. science on learning a second language
B. man’s ability of learning a second language
C. 1anguage can help brain power
D. 1anguage learning and maths study
9. In the second paragraph, the writer mentions “exercise” in order to ______.
A. say language is also a kind of physical labor
B. prove that one needs more practice when he (she) is learning a language
C. to show the importance of using the language when you learn the language
D. make people believe language learning helps grey matter work well
10. We may know from the scientific findings that ______.
A. the earlier you start to learn a second language, the higher the grey matter density is
B. there is no difference between a later second language learner and one who doesn't know a second language
C. the experience of learning a second language has bad effect on people's brain
D. the ability of learning a second language is changing all the time
11. The underlined word “bilinguals'’ probably means ______.
A. a researcher on language learning
B. a person who is good at learning foreign languages
C. a person who can speak two languages
D. an active language learner
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了学习一门外语有助于提升脑力，可以让人更加聪明。
【8题详解】
C 主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第二段“According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. ”（根据英国一所大学的一项新研究，学习第二语言可以提升你的脑力）可知，文章主要介绍了学习一门外语有助于提升脑力，可以让人更加聪明，故C正确。
【9题详解】
D 推理判断题。根据第二段“Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.”可知，研究人员发现学习其他语言会改变灰质。这是大脑处理信息的区域。这与运动锻炼肌肉的方式相似。因此作者提到运动可以锻炼肌肉就是为了证明学习外语可以改变灰质，从而提升脑力，故D正确。
【10题详解】
A 推理判断题。根据第五段“Scans showed that grey matter density (密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference.”可知，扫描显示，双语者大脑中的灰质密度比没有第二语言的人更大，但是，一个人掌握一门新语言的时间越长，差异就越小，由此可知，你越早开始学习第二语言，脑中的灰质密度就越大，故A正确。
【11题详解】
C 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“who had learnt a second language before the age of five”可知，这组孩子在五岁以前就开始学第二语言，因此他们是能讲两种语言的人，故C正确。
D
In the ancient walled city of Sana’a, mud skyscrapers rise high into the sky. The towering structures are built entirely out of earth and decorated with striking geometric (几何图形的) patterns. The local mud architecture is so unique that the city has been recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage site.
“As an outstanding example of architecture, the city has an extraordinary artistic quality,” UNESCO writes in its description of Sana’a. “The buildings also show amazing crafts in the use of local materials and techniques.”
Even though the buildings in Sana’a are thousands of years old, they remain “terribly modern-day”, says Salma Samar Damliyi, co-founder of the Mud Brick Architecture Foundation. Damliyi says it is easy to see why these mud buildings have not lost their attraction — they are extremely adaptable for modern use. “It is the architecture of the future,” says Damliyi.
Architects around the world are reviving raw-earth construction (生土建筑) as they seek to construct buildings that can fight against extreme weather events such as floods and intense heat. Could this ancient form of architecture influence the design of our future homes
Concrete, a common modern construction material, has a huge carbon footprint. Replacing concrete with less polluting materials is important to achieving our climate goals, scientists warn.
The ancient material, mud, could be the perfect replaceable choice to concrete, according to Damliyi. Constructing with mud has a very low impact on the environment and the material itself is fully recyclable, she says. “If you want to pull down a wall or change the design, you can recycle all the materials.” Mud structures are also strong enough to prevent extreme weather, such as heatwaves, floods and droughts, which scientists say will become more frequent as temperatures continue to rise.
Therefore, people who wish to live in a modern, comfortable home should consider one made of mud.
Overall, it makes for highly advanced as well as sustainable design.
12. According to the first two paragraphs, buildings in Sana’a are “unique” because .
A. they are tall and tower over the entire city
B. their geometric patterns create artistic feelings
C. they are beautifully created with local resources
D. their fascinating history has attracted many tourists
13. Which of the following is TRUE about mud materials according to the passage
A. They can reduce the chance of extreme weather events.
B. They can be ideal for future construction.
C. They might produce lots of greenhouse gas emissions.
D. They might cause large temperature changes.
14. It can be inferred from the passage that .
A. mud might be an important solution to the climate crisis
B. the mud buildings in Sana’a are no longer suitable to live
C. rebuilding mud construction would take great efforts
D. mud becomes the favourite material of architects
15. What do you think might be the best title of the passage
A. The Historic Cities that Mark Human Civilization
B. The Construction Industry that Threatens Climate Goals
C. The Modern Architecture that Survives Extreme Weather
D. The Ancient Material that Makes for Future House Designs
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Sana’a古城中的生土建筑，以及这种古老建筑对现代可持续建筑的影响。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The towering structures are built entirely out of earth and decorated with striking geometric (几何图形的) patterns. The local mud architecture is so unique that the city has been recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage site. (这些高耸的建筑完全是用泥土建造的，装饰着引人注目的几何图案。当地的泥建筑是如此独特，以至于这座城市被联合国教科文组织认定为世界遗产。)”可知，Sana’a古城中的建筑物非常独特是因为这些高耸的建筑完全是用泥土建造的，装饰着引人注目的几何图案。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第六段“The ancient material, mud, could be the perfect replaceable choice to concrete, according to Damliyi. Constructing with mud has a very low impact on the environment and the material itself is fully recyclable, she says. “If you want to pull down a wall or change the design, you can recycle all the materials.” Mud structures are also strong enough to prevent extreme weather, such as heatwaves, floods and droughts, which scientists say will become more frequent as temperatures continue to rise. (根据Damliyi的说法，这种古老的材料，泥土，可能是混凝土的完美替代品。她说，用泥土建造房屋对环境的影响非常小，而且这种材料本身是完全可回收的。“如果你想推倒一堵墙或改变设计，你可以回收所有的材料。”泥浆结构也足够坚固，可以抵御极端天气，如热浪、洪水和干旱，科学家们说，随着气温继续上升，这些天气将变得更加频繁。)”可知，泥土将会是为了建造的理想选择。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Concrete, a common modern construction material, has a huge carbon footprint. Replacing concrete with less polluting materials is important to achieving our climate goals, scientists warn. (混凝土，一种常见的现代建筑材料，有着巨大的碳足迹。科学家警告说，用污染更少的材料取代混凝土对实现我们的气候目标很重要。)”以及第六段“The ancient material, mud, could be the perfect replaceable choice to concrete, according to Damliyi. Constructing with mud has a very low impact on the environment and the material itself is fully recyclable, she says. (根据Damliyi的说法，这种古老的材料，泥土，可能是混凝土的完美替代品。她说，用泥土建造房屋对环境的影响非常小，而且这种材料本身是完全可回收的。)”可知，泥土是混凝土的完美替代品，对环境的影响非常小，是解决气候危机的一个重要方法。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Architects around the world are reviving raw-earth construction(生土建筑) as they seek to construct buildings that can fight against extreme weather events such as floods and intense heat. Could this ancient form of architecture influence the design of our future homes (世界各地的建筑师都在复兴生土建筑，因为他们寻求建造能够抵御洪水和酷热等极端天气事件的建筑。这种古老的建筑形式会影响我们未来住宅的设计吗？)”以及倒数第二段“Therefore, people who wish to live in a modern, comfortable home should consider one made of mud. (因此，希望住在现代舒适的房子里的人应该考虑住在泥造的房子里。)”再结合全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了古老的生土建筑，以及这种建筑对现代可持续建筑的影响，尤其是对未来房屋设计的影响。故选D。
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分, 满分 12.5 分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Choose Courses for High School Freshmen
Welcome to the exciting world of high school! As a freshman, you may be feeling unsure of how to choose the right courses. Fear not, we will guide you through the process of choosing the perfect courses for your unique academic journey.
Start with your strengths
The first step in choosing courses is to take a look at your strengths and interests. What courses are you better at ____16____ For example, if you love science and math, you might want to start with those areas.
Consider your career goals
Think about what jobs you are interested in in the future. ____17____ For instance, if you want to become a doctor, you might want to take biology and chemistry courses.
Talk to the school advisers
School advisers are your valuable resource when it comes to choosing courses. They can help you find your interests, strengths, and career goals. They also recommend courses that are suitable for you. ____18____
____19____
When choosing courses, it’s important to consider your schedule. Will you have enough time to complete your homework and still have time for other activities Will the courses conflict with each other For example, if you have heavy work of math and science courses, you might want to avoid adding another challenging course to your plate.
Research the subjects
Before choosing a course, take some time to research the subject matter. Look for reviews and feedback from present and former students. ____20____ This will help you make a better decision about which courses are right for you.
A. Balance your time
B. Look at your schedule
C. What courses will help you achieve those goals
D. Science courses are best for choosing a job in the future.
E. What subjects do you find yourself naturally attracted to
F. In a word, they help you find the perfect fit specially for you.
G. They can help you get a sense of the course content and difficulty level.
【答案】16. E 17. D 18. F 19. B 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了高中新生如何选课的方法。
【16题详解】
根据后句“For example, if you love science and math, you might want to start with those areas.(例如，如果你喜欢科学和数学，你可能想从这些领域开始)”可知，此处具体举例说明从自己喜欢的领域开始。由此可知，设空处为找出自己喜欢的科目，E项：What subjects do you find yourself naturally attracted to (你觉得自己天生喜欢什么科目？)合乎题意。故选E。
【17题详解】
本段的小标题为“Consider your career goals(考虑你的职业目标)”以及上句“Think about what jobs you are interested in in the future.(想想你将来对什么工作感兴趣)”可知，本段主要讲解的是未来的职业的选择。由此可知，D项：Science courses are best for choosing a job in the future.(理科课程对将来选择工作是最好的)进一步说明理科的课程对工作选择的好处，合乎题意。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据上句“They can help you find your interests, strengths, and career goals. They also recommend courses that are suitable for you.(他们可以帮助你找到自己的兴趣、优势和职业目标。他们还会推荐适合你的课程)”可知，设空处总结说出学校顾问对选择课程的帮助。由此可知，F项：In a word, they help you find the perfect fit specially for you. (总而言之，他们会帮你找到最适合你的)合乎题意。故选F。
【19题详解】
设空处概括本段内容，为本段小标题， 设空处与上下段的首句句式保持一致，即应是祈使句。根据本段“When choosing courses, it’s important to consider your schedule.(在选择课程时，考虑你的时间表是很重要的)”可知，设空处应为考虑自己的时间表。由此可知，B项：Look at your schedule(看看你的时间表)合乎题意。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上句“Look for reviews and feedback from present and former students.(从现在和以前的学生那里寻找评论和反馈)”可知，设空处说明这样做的原因。由此可知，G项：They can help you get a sense of the course content and difficulty level.(他们可以帮助你了解课程内容和难度)合乎题意。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 完形填空 (共 15 小题; 每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D）中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
“In three weeks,” shouted my gym teacher, “we will begin our yearly physical fitness testing. Be ____21____ to complete the mile run within ten minutes. We will practice it during gym class until the test.”
The class started complaining(抱怨). My complaint was the ____22____ because I was the worst in my class in running. For me, it meant ____23____ for being the slowest in the class, as well as physical pain and too much sweat.
I stood ____24____ at the school track. As my teacher explained the run, I made a desperate(孤注一掷的)decision to ____25____ with my fastest friend Lily for as long as I could during the run.
The sharp whistle blew, and we ____26____. Lily sped ahead of the entire class in three long steps. Breathing in great amounts of air, I ____27____ right behind her. Every time I felt the desire to stop, I pushed my body a bit farther. When I finally gave in to my self-request and slowed to a walk. I realized that I had ____28____ half of a mile running directly behind Lily.
Although I ____29____ the remaining half mile, I finished before some of my faster friends. ____30____ as I was at my unexpected progress, I couldn’t help but believe that it happened by chance. I was afraid I’d never run ____31____ again. So, every night for the rest of the week, I ran up and down my street, building myself up in preparation for the test in the following ____32____.
My progress was ____33____ but sure over the next few months. When we changed P. E. groups, I became the fastest girl in my class. I was, surprisingly enough ____34____ Wednesday morning gym class.
Running has got me into shape. Far more importantly, though, I’ve learned a(n)____35____ since I began the sport. I can truly do anything if I set my mind on it, even if it seems more than impossible.
21.
A. prepared B. confused C. advanced D. scheduled
22.
A. highest B. cleverest C. loudest D. lowest
23.
A. adventure B. strength C. trick D. shame
24.
A. shouting B. shaking C. cheating D. admiring
25.
A. compare B. work C. stick D. agree
26.
A. took off B. came along C. looked on D. turned up
27.
A. left B. followed C. jogged D. waited
28.
A. escaped B. narrowed C. covered D. skied
29.
A. wandered B. jumped C. ran D. walked
30.
A. Angry B. Sad C. Pleased D. Shocked
31.
A. quickly B. hurriedly C. happily D. obviously
32.
A. month B. week C. year D. day
33.
A. slow B. amazing C. rapid D. smooth
34.
A. quitting B. hating C. enjoying D. taking
35.
A. experience B. lesson C. skill D. chance
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者从最差的跑步者变成跑的最快的跑步者的经历，这让作者认识到如果下定决心，真的可以做任何事情，即使它看起来是不可能的。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：准备在十分钟内跑完一英里。A. prepared准备好的；B. confused疑惑的；C. advanced先进的；D. scheduled预先安排的。根据“We will practice it during gym class until the test.(我们将在体育课上练习直到考试。)”可知，体育老师让学生准备在十分钟内跑完一英里为考试做准备。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的抱怨是最响亮的，因为我是班上最差的跑步者。A. highest最高的；B. cleverest最聪明的；C. loudest大声的，高声的；D. lowest最低的。根据“because I was the worst in my class in running.(因为我是班上最差的跑步者)”可知，因为作者是跑步最差的，所以作者的抱怨的声音最大。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，这意味着成为班里最慢的学生的耻辱，以及身体上的痛苦和太多的汗水。A. adventure冒险；B. strength优势；C. trick花招，诡计；D. shame羞耻，羞愧，丢脸。根据“for being the slowest in the class(成为班里最慢的学生的耻辱)”可知，跑步跑得最慢对作者来说感觉很丢人。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我站在学校的跑道上发抖。A. shouting呼喊；B. shaking挥动，发抖；C. cheating作弊；D. admiring钦佩，仰慕。根据“For me, it meant ____3____ for being the slowest in the class, as well as physical pain and too much sweat.(对我来说，这意味着成为班里最慢的学生的耻辱，以及身体上的痛苦和太多的汗水)”可知，作者不是很擅长跑步，内心很紧张，所以发抖。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的老师解释跑步时，我做了一个孤注一掷的决定，在跑步过程中尽可能长时间地紧跟着我最快的朋友莉莉。A. compare比较；B. work工作；C. stick粘，贴；D. agree同意。根据“Breathing in great amounts of air, I ____7____ right behind her.(我深深地吸了一口气，跟在她后面)”可知，作者紧跟着莉莉跑步。stick with sb.紧跟着某人。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：起跑的哨子吹响，我们离开起跑线。A. took off起飞，离开；B. came along陪伴；进步；C. looked on旁观；D. turned up出现。根据“The sharp whistle blew (起跑的哨子吹响)”可知，作者他们起跑了。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我深深地吸了一口气，跟在她后面。A. left离开；B. followed跟着；听从；C. jogged慢跑；D. waited等待。根据“I realized that I had ____8____ half of a mile running directly behind Lily. (我意识到我跟在莉莉后面跑了半英里。)”可知，在跑步中，作者紧跟着莉莉。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到我跟莉莉后面跑了半英里。A. escaped逃脱；B. narrowed使缩小，压缩；C. covered覆盖，行走（一段路程）；D. skied滑雪。根据“half of a mile(半英里)”可知，作者跟在莉莉后面跑了半英里。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我走了剩下的半英里，但我比一些跑得更快的朋友先走完。A. wandered闲逛；B. jumped跳跃；C. ran跑；D. walked走路。根据“When I finally gave in to my self-request and slowed to a walk. (当我最终屈服于自己的要求，放慢脚步，开始走路时)”可知，剩下的半英里作者是步行的。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我对自己意外的进步感到震惊，但我不禁相信这是偶然发生的。A. Angry生气的；B. Sad悲伤的；C. Pleased满意的；D. Shocked震惊的。根据“at my unexpected progress (对自己意外的进步)”可知，作者对自己意外的进步感到震惊。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我怕我再也跑不快了。A. quickly快速地；B. hurriedly匆忙地；C. happily快乐地；D. obviously明显地。根据“So, every night for the rest of the week, I ran up and down my street, building myself up in preparation for the test in the following ____12____.(所以，在那一周剩下的时间里，我每天晚上都在街上跑来跑去，为下一周的考试做准备。)”可知，作者担心自己跑不快了，进行锻炼。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，在那一周剩下的时间里，我每天晚上都在街上跑来跑去，为下一周的考试做准备。A. month月；B. week周；C. year年；D. day白天。根据““In three weeks,” shouted my gym teacher, “we will begin our yearly physical fitness testing. (“再过三个星期，”我的体育老师喊道，我们就要开始一年一度的体能测试了。)”可知，作者在准备下一周的体能测试。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个月里，我的进步虽然缓慢，但很确定。A. slow慢速的；B. amazing惊人的，了不起的；C. rapid快的，迅速的；D. smooth光滑的，平坦的。根据“but sure over the next few months(但很确定)”but表示转折可知，作者的进步很慢但是很确定。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，我很享受周三早上的体育课。A. quitting放弃；B. hating讨厌；C. enjoying喜欢，欣赏；D. taking带走。根据“When we changed P. E. groups, I became the fastest girl in my class (当我们换了体育小组后，我成了班里跑得最快的女孩)”可知，作者的跑步进步很快，开始喜欢体育课。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，自从我开始这项运动以来，我学到了一课。A. experience经历，体验；B. lesson教训，启示；C. skill技能；D. chance机会。根据“I can truly do anything if I set my mind on it, even if it seems more than impossible.(如果我下定决心，我真的可以做任何事情，即使它看起来是不可能的。)”可知，如果下定决心，作者真的可以做任何事情，即使它看起来是不可能的，这是作者得到的启示。故选B。
第二节 语法填空（每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
（一）
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The earliest written Chinese was based on pictures, dating back several thousand years to the use of animal bones and shells where symbols____36____(carve) by ancient Chinese people. Later the symbols became a well-developed writing system. Over time, it developed into different forms, because there was a time____37____people were divided geographically and it in turn led to many varieties of dialects and characters. It was after Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states____38____the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. The writing system was____39____great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.
【答案】36. were carved
37. when 38. that 39. of
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汉字的演变及其重要性。
【36题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：最早的汉字是基于图画的，可以追溯到几千年前中国古人在动物骨头和贝壳上刻符号的时期。分析句子结构可知，where引导定语从句，修饰先行词 bones and shells，在从句中作地点状语，从句中主语 symbols和谓语动词carve之间是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词使用were。故填were carved。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：随着时间的推移，它发展成了不同的形式，因为曾经有一段时间人们在地理上是分隔开的，这反过来又导致了许多方言和字符的变体。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a time，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。
【38题详解】
考查强调句。句意：直到秦始皇统一了七个主要国家之后，中国的文字系统才开始朝着一个方向发展。分析句子结构可知，去掉 It was和设空处后，句子仍完整，所以此句是强调句，强调时间状语after Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states，应用that。故填that。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：文字系统在团结中国人民和文化方面具有重要意义。固定搭配be of great importance表示“具有重要意义”。故填of。
（二）
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The opening ceremony (开幕式) of the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou was____40____amazing display of Chinese culture and innovation. With shocking visuals, innovative performances, the ceremony was a feast for the senses. The ceremony was themed “Memories of Jiangnan”, ____41____ (creative) using the element of water to showcase the region’s natural beauty and cultural charm. The ceremony also contained elements of Liangzhu culture and the Qiantang River tides, ____42____ (promote) China’s long and storied history and cultural heritage.
【答案】40. an 41. creatively
42. promoting
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了杭州第19届亚运会开幕式的情况。
【40题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：杭州第19届亚运会的开幕式是中国文化和创新的一次惊人展示。display为可数名词，泛指“一次惊人展示”，且amazing以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：开幕式以“江南记忆”为主题，创造性地运用水元素展示了该地区的自然美景和文化魅力。此处修饰动词 using，应用副词creatively“创造性地”，作状语。故填 creatively。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：开幕式还融入了良渚文化和钱塘江潮汐元素，弘扬了中国悠久而传奇的历史和文化遗产。本句已有谓语动词contained，且句中无连接词，与主语是逻辑主谓关系，应用promote应用现在分词形式，作伴随状语。故填promoting。
（三）
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
President Xi Jinping has encouraged____43____(variety) parties to make full use of the Global Digital Trade Expo to seek cooperation, common development and shared benefits, in order to build digital trade into a new engine for joint development. Vice-President Han Zheng,____44____ attended the opening ceremony of the expo and read the letter from Xi, said China thinks digital trade as one of the three main______45______(factor) supporting the building of a strong trading nation. China is willing to work with other nations to create an open environment for the development of the digital economy, and to promote the high-quality development of global digital trade, he said.
【答案】43. various
44. who 45. factors
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国领导人出席全球数字贸易博览会开幕式并致辞。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：习近平主席鼓励各方充分利用全球数字贸易博览会，寻求合作，共同发展，共享利益，使数字贸易成为共同发展的新引擎。此处修饰名词parties，应用形容词various“不同的”，作定语。故填various。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：副主席韩正出席世博会开幕式并阅读习近平主席的信，说，中国认为数字贸易的三个主要因素支持建设一个强大的贸易国。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是Vice-President Han Zheng，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
【45题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：副主席韩正出席世博会开幕式并阅读习近平主席的信，说，中国认为数字贸易的三个主要因素支持建设一个强大的贸易国。名词factor是可数名词，根据数词three可知，应用名词复数形式。故填factors。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 应用文(满分 15 分)
46. 你校英语学习社团(English Club)于上周举办了“走进经典”英语读书活动。请你代表该社团写一篇活动报道，内容包括：
1.活动目的；
2.活动内容：
3.活动反响。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.活动报道的题目已为你写好。
Read Classics, Learn English
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Read Classics, Learn English
In order to promote students’ interest in English masterpiece reading, our school will hold an English masterpiece reading salon named Into Classics.
The reading salon will be held at the Student Center next Saturday. It will begin at 9:00 am and is expected to last two hours. It is advisable that you prepare a lecture to talk about your favorite English classic work, for every member has an opportunity to have a speech in the salon. In addition, our foreign teacher, Mr. Smith, will recommend us English classics suitable for middle school students, which must be helpful to us.
If you want to improve your English don’t miss this opportunity. Look forward to your participation.
English Club
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你校英语学习社团(English Club)于上周举办了“走进经典”英语读书活动。请你代表该社团写一篇活动报道。
【详解】1.词汇积累
提高：promote→enhance
举行：hold→take place
此外：in addition→what’s more
推荐：recommend→propose
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：The reading salon will be held at the Student Center next Saturday. It will begin at 9:00 am and is expected to last two hours.
拓展句：The reading salon which will be held at the Student Center next Saturday will begin at 9:00 am and is expected to last two hours.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It is advisable that you prepare a lecture to talk about your favorite English classic work, for every member has an opportunity to have a speech in the salon.（运用了虚拟语气和不定式作定语和状语从句）
【高分句型2】In addition, our foreign teacher, Mr. Smith, will recommend us English classics suitable for middle school students, which must be helpful to us.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
第二节 概要写作 (满分 15 分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
The importance of reading is obvious. If you're not a big fan of books, that's OK! You're not alone! But before you shut down books and reading all together, take time to learn more about the importance of reading and all the amazing benefits that come with it.
Reading can help improve your vocabulary. It increases exposure with new words and makes it easier for words to stay. Saying new wards out loud helps you better recall them and pick them up, making these new words part of your own active vocabulary.
Reading allows for creative thinking. If you were an explorer, you would learn about the world through direct experience. Sadly, you can't all take to the high road and disappear into the sunset. But you can discover new worlds through reading books. Reading a book uses the imagination and this in tur develops your creativity, which allows you to dream and think in ways that you would have never been able to before.
Reading brings joy and happiness to your life. You don't read because you have to. You read because you have fun doing it, a reminder that books are meant to be enjoyed. Reading brings you joyous experience, whether you are opening a new book or rereading an old favorite. It's easy to get lost in a world with interesting characters, tense situations, and beautiful settings.
It's safe to say that reading can change your life for the better. If you think that you hate reading books, then perhaps you just have yet to find the type for your own personal style—but keep trying, and keep searching for what's right for you. Reading is one of the most powerful things in the world, offering you new chances to learn, grow and be inspired!
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】We should take time to learn more about the importance of reading and all the amazing benefits. Not only can reading help promote your vocabulary, but also reading is good for creative thinking. Besides, it is joy and happiness that reading brings to your life. Reading is one of the most powerful things in the world, which offers you new chances to learn, grow and be inspired!
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，我们应该花时间更多地了解阅读的重要性和它带来的惊人好处。阅读不仅能帮助你扩大词汇量，还有助于创造性思维。此外，阅读给你的生活带来了快乐和幸福。阅读是世界上最强大的东西之一，它为你提供了学习、成长和受到启发的新机会。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①But before you shut down books and reading all together, take time to learn more about the importance of reading and all the amazing benefits that come with it.
②Reading can help improve your vocabulary. Reading allows for creative thinking.
③Reading brings joy and happiness to your life.
④Reading is one of the most powerful things in the world, offering you new chances to learn, grow and be inspired!
2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3、4三个要点进行分说。
3.遣词造句
We should take time to learn more about the importance of reading and all the amazing benefits .
Not only can reading help promote your vocabulary, but also reading is good for creative thinking.
Besides, it is joy and happiness that reading brings to your life.
Reading is one of the most powerful things in the world, which offers you new chances to learn, grow and be inspired!
【点睛】[高分句型1] Not only can reading help promote your vocabulary, but also reading is good for creative thinking. 运用了部分倒装对原文第二段和第三段进行了概括。
[高分句型2] Reading is one of the most powerful things in the world, which offers you new chances to learn, grow and be inspired!用which引导非限制性定语从句对第五段进行了概括，表达非常高级。厦门二中 2023-2024 学年（上）高一年段 12 月月考英语科试卷
本试卷分四部分，共 10 页。满分 140 分。考试时间 120 分钟。本试题附有答题卡。注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等信息填写在答题卡指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束，考生提交答题卡。试卷自己妥善保管以备讲评时用。
第一部分 听力理解（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What is the man’s job now
A. An engineer. B. A teacher. C. A reporter.
2.What does the man give the woman
A. A plant. B. A CD. C. Some flowers.
3.What is the woman going to do next
A. Cook a meal. B. Write her paper. C. Do some typing.
4.What will the weather be like according to the man
A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Snowy.
5.What does the man think about the model
A. It’s cheap. B. It’s worthy. C. It’s expensive.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6.What was the weather like in Harbin during the man’s stay
A. Hot. B. Cool. C. Cold.
7.Why didn’t the man spend much money on his trip
A.He stayed in a little hotel.
B.He shared meals with his friends.
C.He stayed at his grandfather’s house.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8.What is the relationship between the speakers
A.A couple. B. Friends. C. Parent and child.
9.How much will the speakers pay for the concert in total
A. $20. B. $40. C. $50.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10. What should the club members wear
A. Golf shoes. B. Golf pants. C. Club sweaters.
11.How much is a half-hour lesson
A. $20. B. $40. C. $80.
12What do we know about Westwood Golf Club
A.It has a swimming pool.
B.Teachers often give group lessons.
C.Club members can invite guests to play there.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13.What is the man’s major
A. Tourism. B. Marketing. C. International business.
14.What is a requirement of the job
A. Traveling a lot. B. Being married. C. Living abroad.
15.What does the man think of the job
A. Boring. B. Challenging. C. Pleasant.
16.How soon will the man get a reply
A. In three days. B. In six days. C. In ten days.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17.How much is a group ticket to the castle
A. $3. B. $4. C. $6.
18.Who should the students give money to
A. Mr. Hill. B. Mrs. Philips. C. Mr. Gifford.
19.What time should the students get to school tomorrow morning
A. At 7: 15 a. m. B. At 7:30 a.m. C. At 7:45 a.m.
20.What should the students take with them
A. A lunch. B. A pen. C. A piece of paper.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分, 满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
If you’d like to go sightseeing, the following World Heritage sites (世界遗产保护地) may be your best choices.
Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area
Jiuzhaigou Valley, which lies in the northern part of Sichuan Province, China, reaches a height of more than 4,800m, with a series of different forest ecosystems (生态系统). It’s particularly famous for its narrow landforms and excellent waterfalls. Some 140 kinds of birds also live in the valley, as well as a number of endangered plants and animals, including the giant panda. Jiuzhaigou Valley was recognized as a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 1992.
Khami Ruins National Monument
The city of Khami, which developed after the capital of Great Zimbabwe had been given up in the mid-16th century, is of great archaeological (考古的) interest. The discovery of objects from Europe and China shows that Khami was a major centre for trade over a long period of time. It joined the World Heritage List in 1986.
Henderson Island
Henderson Island, which lies in the eastern South Pacific, is one of the few atolls (环礁) in the world whose ecology (生态) has been untouched by humans. It is particularly famous for the 10 plants and 4 birds that can only be seen on the island. It was recorded in the World Heritage List in 1988.
Old City of Jerusalem
As a holy (神圣的) city for three different religions in the Middle East, Jerusalem has always been of great religious importance. It was given a World Heritage Status in 1981 and placed on the “World Heritage in Danger List” the following year.
1. Which of the following is TRUE about Jiuzhaigou Valley
A. Wonderful waterfalls can be seen there.
B It is famous for many ancient objects.
C. It has been untouched by human beings.
D. It lies in the southern part of Sichuan Province.
2. From the passage, we can learn that Jerusalem ________.
A. was ruined in the mid-16th century
B. was once business center for trade
C. has over 140 kinds of birds living there
D. is a holy city for three major religions
3. According to the passage, which World Heritage site was most recently set
A. Henderson Island. B. Khami Ruins National Monument.
C. Old City of Jerusalem. D. Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historic Interest Area.
B
Peruvian firefighters were fighting to control a forest fire near Machu Picchu on Thursday, as the flames threatened to close in on the ancient city high in the Andean mountains.
Machu Picchu, a site of Inca ruins sitting on top of a mountain, was built in the mid-15th century by the Incas, whose empire controlled large areas of South America from what is today southern Ecuador to central Chile. Considered as one of the new seven wonders of the world, it is a top tourist attraction in Cusco, Peru.
The fire, which had damaged an area about half the size of Vatican City, was started on June 28, 2022 by farmers burning grass to prepare to plant new seeds. Since Tuesday, about 20 hectares (49 acres) had been affected by the fire, the mayor of the nearby city of Cusco said.
The fire’s remoteness has greatly influenced firefighting efforts. “We have already been fighting the forest fire for two days and it has not been possible to get it under control, for the area is quite far away and hard to reach,” said Roberto Abarca, director of the Cusco Risk Management and Security Office.
Some 600 firefighters and volunteers battled the fire, and helicopters dropped retardants (阻燃剂) in front of the flames to prevent them from spreading to archaeological (考古学的) sites. “The fire has left the critical zone where there are archaeological monuments, but is still burning fiercely,” the government said.
While South America’s top archaeological treasure was safe from the fire, experts feared the destruction of thousands of acres of nearby forest would damage Machu Picchu’s attraction to tourists.
4. What can be learned about Machu Picchu
A. it has a history of a thousand years.
B. How and why it was built remains unknown.
C. It covers an area from southern Ecuador to central Chile.
D. It is regarded as one of the new seven wonders of the world.
5. What do we know about the fire from the passage
A. It was put out before it reached archaeological sites.
B. Its remoteness added to the difficulty of firefighting.
C. It was started when farmers were planting new seeds.
D. It affected about 49 acres of Machu Picchu altogether.
6. How does the writer show the seriousness of the fire
A. By using numbers. B. By giving definitions.
C. By providing examples. D. By making comparison.
7. Where is the passage probably taken from
A. A story collection. B. A tourist brochure.
C. A weekly newspaper. D. A geography magazine.
C
If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven't you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language
According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.
The study also found the effect is greater, the younger people learn a second language.
A team led by Dr Andrea Mechelli, from University College London, took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of "early bilinguals" who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.
Scans showed that grey matter density (密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference.
"Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language," said the scientists.
It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.
Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. "Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible (灵活的),"he said. "You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas."
The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of two and 34. Reading, writing, and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. "Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world," explained the scientists.
8. The main subject talked about in this passage is ______.
A. science on learning a second language
B. man’s ability of learning a second language
C. 1anguage can help brain power
D. 1anguage learning and maths study
9. In the second paragraph, the writer mentions “exercise” in order to ______.
A say language is also a kind of physical labor
B. prove that one needs more practice when he (she) is learning a language
C. to show the importance of using the language when you learn the language
D. make people believe language learning helps grey matter work well
10. We may know from the scientific findings that ______.
A. the earlier you start to learn a second language, the higher the grey matter density is
B. there is no difference between a later second language learner and one who doesn't know a second language
C. the experience of learning a second language has bad effect on people's brain
D. the ability of learning a second language is changing all the time
11. The underlined word “bilinguals'’ probably means ______.
A a researcher on language learning
B. a person who is good at learning foreign languages
C. a person who can speak two languages
D. an active language learner
D
In the ancient walled city of Sana’a, mud skyscrapers rise high into the sky. The towering structures are built entirely out of earth and decorated with striking geometric (几何图形的) patterns. The local mud architecture is so unique that the city has been recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage site.
“As an outstanding example of architecture, the city has an extraordinary artistic quality,” UNESCO writes in its description of Sana’a. “The buildings also show amazing crafts in the use of local materials and techniques.”
Even though the buildings in Sana’a are thousands of years old, they remain “terribly modern-day”, says Salma Samar Damliyi, co-founder of the Mud Brick Architecture Foundation. Damliyi says it is easy to see why these mud buildings have not lost their attraction — they are extremely adaptable for modern use. “It is the architecture of the future,” says Damliyi.
Architects around the world are reviving raw-earth construction (生土建筑) as they seek to construct buildings that can fight against extreme weather events such as floods and intense heat. Could this ancient form of architecture influence the design of our future homes
Concrete, a common modern construction material, has a huge carbon footprint. Replacing concrete with less polluting materials is important to achieving our climate goals, scientists warn.
The ancient material, mud, could be the perfect replaceable choice to concrete, according to Damliyi. Constructing with mud has a very low impact on the environment and the material itself is fully recyclable, she says. “If you want to pull down a wall or change the design, you can recycle all the materials.” Mud structures are also strong enough to prevent extreme weather, such as heatwaves, floods and droughts, which scientists say will become more frequent as temperatures continue to rise.
Therefore, people who wish to live in a modern, comfortable home should consider one made of mud.
Overall, it makes for highly advanced as well as sustainable design.
12. According to the first two paragraphs, buildings in Sana’a are “unique” because .
A. they are tall and tower over the entire city
B. their geometric patterns create artistic feelings
C. they are beautifully created with local resources
D. their fascinating history has attracted many tourists
13. Which of the following is TRUE about mud materials according to the passage
A. They can reduce the chance of extreme weather events.
B They can be ideal for future construction.
C. They might produce lots of greenhouse gas emissions.
D. They might cause large temperature changes.
14. It can be inferred from the passage that .
A. mud might be an important solution to the climate crisis
B. the mud buildings in Sana’a are no longer suitable to live
C. rebuilding mud construction would take great efforts
D. mud becomes the favourite material of architects
15. What do you think might be the best title of the passage
A. The Historic Cities that Mark Human Civilization
B. The Construction Industry that Threatens Climate Goals
C. The Modern Architecture that Survives Extreme Weather
D. The Ancient Material that Makes for Future House Designs
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分, 满分 12.5 分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Choose Courses for High School Freshmen
Welcome to the exciting world of high school! As a freshman, you may be feeling unsure of how to choose the right courses. Fear not, we will guide you through the process of choosing the perfect courses for your unique academic journey.
Start with your strengths
The first step in choosing courses is to take a look at your strengths and interests. What courses are you better at ____16____ For example, if you love science and math, you might want to start with those areas.
Consider your career goals
Think about what jobs you are interested in in the future. ____17____ For instance, if you want to become a doctor, you might want to take biology and chemistry courses.
Talk to the school advisers
School advisers are your valuable resource when it comes to choosing courses. They can help you find your interests, strengths, and career goals. They also recommend courses that are suitable for you. ____18____
____19____
When choosing courses, it’s important to consider your schedule. Will you have enough time to complete your homework and still have time for other activities Will the courses conflict with each other For example, if you have heavy work of math and science courses, you might want to avoid adding another challenging course to your plate.
Research the subjects
Before choosing a course, take some time to research the subject matter. Look for reviews and feedback from present and former students. ____20____ This will help you make a better decision about which courses are right for you.
A. Balance your time
B. Look at your schedule
C. What courses will help you achieve those goals
D. Science courses are best for choosing a job in the future.
E. What subjects do you find yourself naturally attracted to
F. In a word, they help you find the perfect fit specially for you.
G. They can help you get a sense of the course content and difficulty level.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 完形填空 (共 15 小题; 每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D）中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
“In three weeks,” shouted my gym teacher, “we will begin our yearly physical fitness testing. Be ____21____ to complete the mile run within ten minutes. We will practice it during gym class until the test.”
The class started complaining(抱怨). My complaint was the ____22____ because I was the worst in my class in running. For me, it meant ____23____ for being the slowest in the class, as well as physical pain and too much sweat.
I stood ____24____ at the school track. As my teacher explained the run, I made a desperate(孤注一掷的)decision to ____25____ with my fastest friend Lily for as long as I could during the run.
The sharp whistle blew, and we ____26____. Lily sped ahead of the entire class in three long steps. Breathing in great amounts of air, I ____27____ right behind her. Every time I felt the desire to stop, I pushed my body a bit farther. When I finally gave in to my self-request and slowed to a walk. I realized that I had ____28____ half of a mile running directly behind Lily.
Although I ____29____ the remaining half mile, I finished before some of my faster friends. ____30____ as I was at my unexpected progress, I couldn’t help but believe that it happened by chance. I was afraid I’d never run ____31____ again. So, every night for the rest of the week, I ran up and down my street, building myself up in preparation for the test in the following ____32____.
My progress was ____33____ but sure over the next few months. When we changed P. E. groups, I became the fastest girl in my class. I was, surprisingly enough ____34____ Wednesday morning gym class.
Running has got me into shape. Far more importantly, though, I’ve learned a(n)____35____ since I began the sport. I can truly do anything if I set my mind on it, even if it seems more than impossible.
21.
A. prepared B. confused C. advanced D. scheduled
22.
A. highest B. cleverest C. loudest D. lowest
23.
A. adventure B. strength C. trick D. shame
24.
A. shouting B. shaking C. cheating D. admiring
25.
A. compare B. work C. stick D. agree
26.
A. took off B. came along C. looked on D. turned up
27.
A. left B. followed C. jogged D. waited
28.
A. escaped B. narrowed C. covered D. skied
29.
A. wandered B. jumped C. ran D. walked
30.
A. Angry B. Sad C. Pleased D. Shocked
31.
A. quickly B. hurriedly C. happily D. obviously
32.
A. month B. week C. year D. day
33.
A. slow B. amazing C. rapid D. smooth
34.
A. quitting B. hating C. enjoying D. taking
35.
A. experience B. lesson C. skill D. chance
第二节 语法填空（每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
（一）
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The earliest written Chinese was based on pictures, dating back several thousand years to the use of animal bones and shells where symbols____36____(carve) by ancient Chinese people. Later the symbols became a well-developed writing system. Over time, it developed into different forms, because there was a time____37____people were divided geographically and it in turn led to many varieties of dialects and characters. It was after Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states____38____the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. The writing system was____39____great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.
（二）
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The opening ceremony (开幕式) of the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou was____40____amazing display of Chinese culture and innovation. With shocking visuals, innovative performances, the ceremony was a feast for the senses. The ceremony was themed “Memories of Jiangnan”, ____41____ (creative) using the element of water to showcase the region’s natural beauty and cultural charm. The ceremony also contained elements of Liangzhu culture and the Qiantang River tides, ____42____ (promote) China’s long and storied history and cultural heritage.
（三）
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
President Xi Jinping has encouraged____43____(variety) parties to make full use of the Global Digital Trade Expo to seek cooperation, common development and shared benefits, in order to build digital trade into a new engine for joint development. Vice-President Han Zheng,____44____ attended the opening ceremony of the expo and read the letter from Xi, said China thinks digital trade as one of the three main______45______(factor) supporting the building of a strong trading nation. China is willing to work with other nations to create an open environment for the development of the digital economy, and to promote the high-quality development of global digital trade, he said.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 应用文(满分 15 分)
46. 你校英语学习社团(English Club)于上周举办了“走进经典”英语读书活动。请你代表该社团写一篇活动报道，内容包括：
1.活动目的；
2.活动内容：
3.活动反响。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.活动报道的题目已为你写好。
Read Classics, Learn English
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第二节 概要写作 (满分 15 分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
The importance of reading is obvious. If you're not a big fan of books, that's OK! You're not alone! But before you shut down books and reading all together, take time to learn more about the importance of reading and all the amazing benefits that come with it.
Reading can help improve your vocabulary. It increases exposure with new words and makes it easier for words to stay. Saying new wards out loud helps you better recall them and pick them up, making these new words part of your own active vocabulary.
Reading allows for creative thinking. If you were an explorer, you would learn about the world through direct experience. Sadly, you can't all take to the high road and disappear into the sunset. But you can discover new worlds through reading books. Reading a book uses the imagination and this in tur develops your creativity, which allows you to dream and think in ways that you would have never been able to before.
Reading brings joy and happiness to your life. You don't read because you have to. You read because you have fun doing it, a reminder that books are meant to be enjoyed. Reading brings you joyous experience, whether you are opening a new book or rereading an old favorite. It's easy to get lost in a world with interesting characters, tense situations, and beautiful settings.
It's safe to say that reading can change your life for the better. If you think that you hate reading books, then perhaps you just have yet to find the type for your own personal style—but keep trying, and keep searching for what's right for you. Reading is one of the most powerful things in the world, offering you new chances to learn, grow and be inspired!
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