2024冀教版英语八年级下学期--专项素养综合全练(一)语法填空（含解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024冀教版英语八年级下学期
专项素养综合全练(一)
语法填空
　　阅读下列短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。D篇用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。
A
(2023四川宜宾中考)
School gardening 1.　　　 (be) now very popular. Parents and teachers all like these hands-on lessons very much.
Students are 2.　　　 (excite) about the gardening lessons, too. The lessons give them a new way 3.　　　 learning and help them relax.
The children don’t have to sit at 4.　　　 (they) desks all day. The gardening lessons teach them something that they can’t learn in the classroom. Also, they have a chance 5.　　　 (move) outside and get hands dirty.
Teachers ask students to take gardening 6.　　　 (serious). In gardens, students watch carefully with a purpose. They can see the
　　 (begin), the middle and the end of the project. However, some schools don’t have enough space for a garden, so the lessons can be
8.　　　 (give) in the community gardens or parks.
“Gardening is 9.　　　 important subject,” many teachers say, “It not only lets students know where our food comes from, 10.　　　 also makes them have more love for the earth. Gardening is not just a hobby, it’s a life skill.”
B
(2023浙江绍兴中考)
When Reshma Kosaraju was 12, her family 11.　　　 (move) from Chicago to Northern California. Soon after, the Camp Fire started. “It was one of 12.　　　 (big) fires in California history,” Reshma, now 17, told TIME for Kids. 13.　　　 her school was about 320 kilometers south of the fire, students still had to wear masks (面罩) because 14.　　　 the smoke. “It is an unusual experience for me, because I have never 15.　　　 (real) experienced this problem,” she said. So she hoped 16.　　　 (deal) with the problem. Later she created a 17.　　　 (use) way to predict forest fires with artificial intelligence (人工智能). Her method is nearly 90% right. “18.　　　 realized that if I could succeed, the results could make 19.　　　 big difference. For example, the environment can be helped and many 20.　　　 (life) can be saved,” Reshma said.
C
(2023四川自贡中考改编)
China is the birthplace of tea. Since ancient times, Chinese people have been planting, picking, making and drinking tea. Chinese tea makers have developed 6 main kinds 21.　　　 tea—green, yellow, dark, white, oolong and black tea. There are more than 2,000 tea 22.　　　 (product) in China.
Tea was originally used as herbal (香草的) medicine 23.　　　 (call) “tu”. During the 24.　　　(treat) process, people gradually found that tea could not only cure illness but also help to clear heat away, so tea became 25.　　　 necessary drink. Nowadays, tea is one of the world’s three major drinks. It 26.　　　 (enjoy) by people all over the world. Tea can be found everywhere, such as in family activities, workplaces, teahouses and restaurants. It is also an important 27.　　　 (communicate) medium for making friends, weddings and other activities. So far, Chinese tea culture 28.　　　 (become) an important part of Chinese culture.
On November 29th, 2022, China’s traditional tea-making was
29.　　　 (successful) added to the intangible cultural heritage list (非物质文化遗产名录) of the UNESCO. China now has the 30.　　　 (many) items (项目) on the list. The move will help protect and hand down Chinese tea culture. It also helps foreign people have a better understanding of Chinese tea, as well as Chinese culture.
D
(2023陕西中考改编)
be 　 end 　easy　 imagine 　problem　
develop　 get　 noise 　high　 offer
Nature is wonderful. It 31.　　　 our best teacher. It teaches us a lot and we are born to learn from it to solve 32.　　　. For example, scientists used what they saw in nature to improve our way of travelling. In days of high-speed train research and 33.　　　, scientists were once faced with a noise problem. The trains pushed air through tunnels at
34.　　　 speeds. So, when a train came out of a tunnel, it could be very, very 35.　　　. However, kingfishers (翠鸟) hardly make a sound when they get into lakes or rivers. Engineers 36.　　　 a clever idea. They changed the front of the trains to match the shape of the kingfisher. Then the air could 37.　　　 pass over the trains. The problem was solved!
The kingfisher’s example is just one that we learned from nature. Scientists study the smart models that nature can 38.　　　. Then they use their wisdom(智慧) and 39.　　　 to design new products. Nature provides us with 40.　　　 possibilities to find wonderful ways to improve our lives. Learning from nature knows no bounds(永无止境)!
E
(2023四川乐山中考)
Once upon a time, there was a wise old man who had seven sons. But his sons 41.　　　 (are) always fighting. It made some bad people happy because they wanted to cheat (欺骗) the brothers out of their
42.　　　 (father) money.
One day, the father decided to help his sons stop 43.　　　 (fight), so he brought them together. He tied seven chopsticks together, and said, “I will give all of my money to 44.　　　 one who can break this bundle(捆).”
The seven sons each tried 45.　　　 (break) the chopsticks, but it was too hard. They agreed that it was impossible.
“Yet, my sons,” said the father, “it’s actually easy to do.”
He untied the chopsticks and broke them one 46.　　　 one easily.
“Aha!” said his sons, “It’s easy to do that way. Anyone can do it.”
The father 47.　　　 (go) on, “As it is with these chopsticks, so it is with you, my sons. If you stick together and help each other, you will do well, and nobody can harm you. But if you fight, you will be like these chopsticks, broken 48.　　　 weak.”
The seven sons listened 49.　　　 (careful) and promised to stick together. They kept their promise and faced life’s 50.　　　 (difficulty) together, just as their wise father had taught them.
答案全解全析
A
[语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了学校的园艺课。
1.is　句意:校园园艺现在很受欢迎。根据“now”可知句子应用一般现在时,主语School gardening为第三人称单数,be动词应用is。故填is。
2.excited　句意:学生们也对园艺课感到兴奋。根据“are”可知此处应用形容词,短语be excited about表示“对……感到兴奋”。故填excited。
3.of　句意:这些课程给了他们一种新的学习方式,并帮助他们放松。根据“a new way”和“learning”可知此处应用介词of, a way of doing sth.表示“做某事的方式”。故填of。
4.their　句意:孩子们不必整天坐在他们的书桌前。desks为名词,其前应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
5.to move　句意:此外,他们有机会到外面去,把手弄脏。have a chance to do sth.表示“有做某事的机会”,故填to move。
6.seriously　句意:老师要求学生认真对待园艺。take sth. seriously表示“认真对待某事”,副词seriously修饰动词take。故填seriously。
7.beginning　句意:他们可以看到项目的开始、中期和结束。定冠词后加名词,用动词begin的动名词形式。故填beginning。
8.given　句意:然而,有些学校没有足够的空间建花园,所以可以在社区花园或公园上课。从句主语the lessons与动词give之间存在逻辑上的被动关系,此处用含有情态动词can的被动语态,其结构为:can be+过去分词,动词give的过去分词为given。故填given。
9.an　project为可数名词单数,且important为以元音音素开头的单词,因此应用不定冠词an来表泛指。故填an。
10.but　句意:它不仅让学生知道我们的食物来自哪里,而且让他们对地球有更多的热爱。此处为not only...but also...结构,表示“不仅……而且……”。故填but。
B
[语篇解读]　文章主要介绍了Reshma Kosaraju发明人工智能预测森林火灾的方法。
11.moved　句意:当Reshma Kosaraju 12岁时,她的家人从芝加哥搬到了北加州。根据“When Reshma Kosaraju was 12”可知,时态是一般过去时,动词用过去式。故填moved。
12.the biggest　此处是“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构,故填the biggest。
13.Though/Although　 句意:虽然她的学校在火灾以南约320千米处,但由于浓烟,学生们仍然不得不戴上口罩。主句和从句之间构成让步关系，应用though/although引导让步状语从句。故填Though/
Although。
14.of　句意:虽然她的学校在火灾以南约320千米处,但由于浓烟,学生们仍然不得不戴上口罩。空格后是名词,because of意为“因为”,后可接名词,故填of。
15.really　此处在句中修饰动词,用副词,故填really。
16.to deal　句意:所以她希望解决这个问题。hope to do sth.意为“希望做某事”,故填to deal。
17.useful　句意:后来,她发明了一种用人工智能预测森林火灾的有用方法。此处在句中作定语修饰way,故填useful。
18.I　句意:我意识到,如果我能成功,结果可能会产生很大的影响。此处在主句中作主语,结合语境可知,应用I作主语。故填I。
19.a　make a big difference意为“产生重大影响”,是固定短语。故填a。
20.lives　life意为“生命”,many修饰可数名词复数。故填lives。
C
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍中国的茶文化。
21.of　句意:中国的茶叶制造者已经开发出6种主要的茶——绿茶、黄茶、黑茶、白茶、乌龙茶和红茶。kinds of“各种”,固定短语,故填of。
22.products　句意:中国有2000多种茶叶产品。根据“more than 2,000”可知用可数名词复数,故填products。
23.called　句意:茶最初被用作草药,被称为“荼”。此处应使用过去分词called作后置定语修饰其前的名词,故填called。
24.treating　句意:在治疗过程中,人们逐渐发现茶不仅可以治病,还有助于清热,因此茶成为一种必要的饮品。此处修饰名词,应用treat的动名词形式,故填treating。
25.a　此处泛指一种饮品,“necessary”以辅音音素开头。故填a。
26.is enjoyed　句意:它受到全世界人民的喜爱。主语It是动作的承受者,此处用被动语态,时态是一般现在时,故填is enjoyed。
munication　句意:它也是交友、婚礼和其他活动的一个重要交流媒介。此处在句中作定语修饰其后的名词,communication medium“交流媒介”,故填communication。
28.has become　句意:迄今为止,中国的茶文化已经成为中国文化的重要组成部分。根据“So far”可知,时态是现在完成时,主语是“Chinese tea culture”,助动词用has。故填has become。
29.successfully　句意:2022年11月29日,中国传统制茶被成功列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录。此处在句中修饰动词,应用副词。故填successfully。
30.most　句意:中国现在在名录上拥有最多的项目。此前有定冠词the修饰,应用形容词的最高级。故填most。
D
[语篇解读]　本文介绍了人们从大自然中学到很多东西,并举了科学家们从翠鸟身上学习到如何解决高速列车通过隧道时出现的噪音问题的例子。
31.is　本句陈述一般事实,需用一般现在时;且主语是It,be动词用is。故填is。
32.problems　句意:它教会我们很多东西,我们天生就会从它那里学习来解决问题。根据“solve”可知是解决问题,空格处需用可数名词复数。故填problems。
33.development　句意:在高速列车研究和开发的日子里,科学家们曾经面临着一个噪音问题。and连接两个并列的名词,development“开发”符合语境。故填development。
34.high　句意:火车以高速推动空气通过隧道。根据常识可知火车通过隧道时速度非常快。at high speeds“高速”。故填high。
35.noisy　句意:所以,当一列火车驶出隧道时,可能会非常非常吵。根据上文中提到的“a noise problem”和常识可知此处指会很吵。be动词后跟形容词作表语。故填noisy。
36.got　根据“They changed the front of the trains to match the shape of the kingfisher.”可知,此处指想出了一个主意。get“获得”符合语境;且本句用一般过去时,动词需用过去式。故填got。
37.easily　句意:然后空气就可以很容易地越过火车。根据“The problem was solved!”可知此处是指空气很容易地越过火车;空格处需用副词修饰动词短语。故填easily。
38.offer　句意:科学家研究自然能提供的智能模型。通读全文可知大自然为人们提供了很多模型,offer“提供”;can后跟动词原形。故填offer。
39.imagination　句意:然后他们用他们的智慧和想象力去设计新的产品。根据“wisdom and”可知此处要填名词;imagine的名词形式为imagination,意为“想象力”,符合语境。
40.endless　句意:大自然为我们提供了找到改善我们生活的极好方法的无限可能。根据“Learning from nature knows no bounds!”可知,此处是指无限的可能性。endless意为“无穷无尽的”,故填endless。
E
[语篇解读]　本文讲述了一个睿智的父亲用一捆筷子教会七个儿子要团结的故事。
41.were　根据上一句“Once upon a time, there was a wise old man who had seven sons.”可知,句子应用一般过去时,因此应用are的过去式were。
42.father’s　句意:这让一些坏人很高兴,因为他们想阻止这几个兄弟得到他们父亲的钱。此处应用father的名词所有格形式来修饰名词money。故填father’s。
43.fighting　句意:有一天,父亲决定帮助他的儿子们停止战斗,于是他把他们召集在一起。stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”,故填fighting。
44.the　此处指能折断这捆筷子的人,因此空格处应用定冠词the来表特指。
45.to break　句意:七个儿子每个人都努力去折断那捆筷子,但是这太难了。try to do sth.表示“努力做某事”。
46.by　句意:他解开那捆筷子,轻而易举地把它们一根一根地折断。one by one表示“一个接一个地”。
47.went　结合语境,句子应用一般过去时,go on意为“继续”,动词go的过去式为went。
48.and　根据“broken”和“weak”可知此处应用表示并列关系的连词and来连接两个形容词。
49.carefully　句意:七个儿子认真地听着,并保证会团结一致。此处应用careful的副词形式carefully来修饰动词。
50.difficulties　句意:他们信守诺言,共同面对生活中的困难,正如他们睿智的父亲教导他们的那样。空格前没有限定词,故此处应用可数名词difficult的复数形式difficulties。
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