Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world?素养综合检测（含解析）新目标八年级下册

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024人教河南专版英语八年级下学期
Unit 7·素养综合检测
(满分100分,限时60分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(15小题,1—10每小题3分,11—15每小题2分,共40分)
　　阅读下面三篇语言材料, 然后按文后要求做题。
A
【新素材·“丫丫”回国】(2023甘肃武威中考改编)
Panda Ya Ya returns home!
Ya Ya the giant panda has just arrived in Shanghai, east China on Thursday after 20 years of stay at the Memphis Zoo in the U.S. The flight was around 15.5 hours. Both Chinese and American vets(兽医) are with Ya Ya.
Ya Ya was born at Beijing Zoo on August 3,2000. She arrived at the Memphis Zoo in April, 2003. Ya Ya has become a bridge of friendship between Chinese and foreign people. She will spend a month in Shanghai before returning to her birthplace, Beijing Zoo.
We do hope all pandas that are in foreign countries can be healthy and happy.
Did you know...
Baby pandas are born pink and measure about 15 cm—that’s about the size of a pencil.
Giant pandas spend up to 12 hours a day eating bamboo.
Pandas live for about 20 years in the wild, but in the zoos they can live for up to 35 years.
　　根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1.Ya Ya had lived in the U.S. for 　　　 years.
A.5　　　　B.10　　　　C.15　　　　D.20
2.Ya Ya was born in 　　　.
A.Beijing　　　　B.Chengdu
C.Shanghai　　　　D.Guangzhou
3.What color are newborn pandas
A.Black and white.　　　　B.Pink.
C.Yellow.　　　　D.Gray.
4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A.Ya Ya is still a young panda now.
B.Shanghai Zoo is Ya Ya’s final home.
C.Ya Ya had a short flight coming back home.
D.Ya Ya helps foreigners know more about China.
5.This passage is 　　　.
A.a piece of news　　　　B.an ad
C.a diary　　　　D.a letter
B
【人与自然·环境污染】(2023河南许昌期末改编)
Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. While it is famous for its beautiful views, parts of the mountain are facing a problem—rubbish. Every year,thousands of visitors throw away tons(吨) of rubbish, such as bottles and plastic bags(塑料袋).
It is reported that about 50 tons of rubbish has been left on the mountain. To reduce rubbish, China is limiting the number of people who are allowed to climb up the north side of the mountain. Only 300 people are allowed to climb it every year, and only during spring.
Local people cleaned the mountain,removing rubbish at a height of 5,200 meters. They collected about 8.4 tons of rubbish.
The local government organized a clean-up activity. The local government also set up stations to sort(分类), recycle(回收) and break down the rubbish collected from the mountain. A group of artists tried to turn the rubbish into art works. They showed these works of art to remind people not to leave rubbish when climbing the mountain.
　　根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
6.What problem are parts of Qomolangma facing
A.Air pollution.　　　　B.Rubbish.
C.Noise.　　　　D.Water pollution.
7.How many people are allowed to climb up the north side of the mountain every spring
A.140.　　　　B.5,200.
C.4 million.　　　　D.300.
8.The artists showed their art works in order to 　　　.
A.teach people to make works of art
B.help people to know about Qomolangma
C.encourage people to clean up Qomolangma
D.remind people not to throw rubbish on the mountain
9.The meaning of the underlined word “removing” in Paragraph 3 is 　　　.
A.handing out　　　　B.taking away
C.putting on　　　　D.preparing for
10.Why does the writer write the passage
A.To tell us how to climb mountains.
B.To ask people to protect the environment.
C.To encourage people to do sports.
D.To talk about when to climb Qomolangma.
C
(2023江西中考改编)
Bamboo is a wonderful plant for many people around the world. 　11　 People make tables, clothes, medicine, and musical instruments with it. Pandas eat bamboo every day, and people can also eat it.
　12　 Some bamboo grows so quickly that people say they can watch it grow. The speed of growth depends on the type of bamboo, the earth and the season. Normal bamboo grows 3-10 cm a day. It usually grows in tropical (热带的) areas. 　13　 Bamboo plants are found in Asia, Australia, parts of Africa, and South America.
One of the world’s oldest building materials is bamboo. Like today, people use it because it’s very strong. They used it to build houses, boats and bridges. The Chinese made a bamboo bridge over the Min River in Sichuan, China almost 1,000 years ago. 　14　 Also, bamboo is still used to make houses today, especially in China and the Philippines.
As a part of history, bamboo is very important. The great scientist Thomas Edison did not invent the light bulb (灯泡), but he made it perfect. He wanted the material inside to burn for a long period of time. He tried almost 1,600 different types of materials. 　15　 One day, he tried to use a piece of bamboo and the light bulb lit up for over a thousand hours. This invention helped other scientists to make the modern light bulb we use today.
根据材料内容,从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项,使文章意思通顺、内容完整。
A.You can still visit it today.
B.There are over 1,000 uses for it.
C.However, none worked very well.
D.You can also find it in other parts of the world.
E.The fastest growing plant in the world is bamboo.
11.　　　 12.　　　 13.　　　 14.　　　 15.　　　
Ⅱ.完形填空(15小题,每小题1分,共15分)
【人与自然·自然环境】
You can probably name all four of the world’s oceans. But now it’s time to add 　16　 one to the list—the Southern Ocean.
The National Geographic Society is one of the 　17　non-profit science organizations in the world. It decided to recognize the ocean on June 8,　18　 that day is also known as World Oceans Day. The society will 　19　 new maps that show the ocean’s name.
The Southern Ocean is the waters that are around Antarctica(南极洲). Usually, we separate(划分) 　20　 oceans according to the continents (大陆) that lie between them. 　21　, the Southern Ocean is different—there’s no continent separating it from the Indian, Atlantic or Pacific Oceans. Instead, people 　22　it the Southern Ocean because of a fast-moving current. Water from other 　23　moves through this current, helping to move heat around the planet.
The waters of the Southern Ocean are 　24　and icy and they are less salty than those in neighboring oceans. Its unusual climate makes 　25　 a comfortable home for thousands of special species(物种), 　26　National Geographic. It’s the only 　27　where you can see the emperor penguin(帝企鹅).
However, many of these species are in 　28　because of climate change.　29　bad happened. Two large icebergs (冰山) broke off from Antarctica. Overfishing has made it even more necessary to 　30　 this area. That’s why the National Geographic Society is giving the Southern Ocean greater recognition(认可).
16.A.another　　　　B.other　　　　C.the other　　　　D.others
17.A.easiest　　　　B.richest　　　　C.poorest　　　　D.biggest
18.A.when　　　　B.until　　　　C.because　　　　D.though
19.A.buy　　　　B.make　　　　C.do　　　　D.find
20.A.large　　　　B.small　　　　C.different　　　　D.difficult
21.A.However　　　　B.But　　　　C.While　　　　D.And
22.A.name　　　　B.give　　　　C.tell　　　　D.learn
23.A.lakes　　　　B.oceans　　　　C.rivers　　　　D.pools
24.A.hot　　　　B.warm　　　　C.sunny　　　　D.cold
25.A.it　　　　B.that　　　　C.this　　　　D.one
26.A.instead of　　　　B.according to
C.because of　　　　D.as for
27.A.room　　　　B.point　　　　C.place　　　　D.space
28.A.fact　　　　B.sight　　　　C.order　　　　D.danger
29.A.Nothing　　　　B.Something
C.Anything　　　　D.Everything
30.A.protect　　　　B.build　　　　C.visit　　　　D.change
Ⅲ.语篇填空(10小题,每小题1.5分,共15分)
　　阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词,每词限用一次。
find　when　chance　collect　fly
science　huge　worry　to　catch
If you were in Hangzhou on Dec.15, 2022, you may have seen a“fireball” falling from the sky! 　31　 said that it may come from the recent Geminid meteor shower (双子座流星雨). People 　32　 the meteorite (陨石) in a village in Jinhua, Zhejiang Province.
So what is a meteorite In space, many rocks are　33　 around Earth. When they get closer, the gravity (地球引力) 　34　 them and lets them fall. Most of them burn up in the sky. Some land on Earth and become meteorites. A meteorite will become less than 5 percent of its original (原始的) size 　35　 it lands on Earth. If a huge meteorite hits Earth, it can create an impact crater (陨石坑). The 　36　 impact crater on Earth is the Vredefort crater in South Africa. It’s about 250 kilometers wide and 2.1 billion years old.
Every year, more than 30,000 meteorites as big as a strawberry land on Earth, according 　37　 the science website, DK Find Out! The UK’s Natural History Museum said that the　38　 of a meteorite falling are the same everywhere on the Earth. This means most meteorites end up in the oceans. Few people can see them. But still, we have 　39　 over 40,000 meteorites around the world so far.
You may ask: can we touch a meteorite Does it have radiation(辐射) Don’t 　40　. The radiation is not strong. Nothing will happen to your body.
31.　　　 32.　　　 33.　　　 34.　　　 35.　　　
36.　　　 37.　　　 38.　　　 39.　　　 40.　　　
Ⅳ.补全对话(5小题,每小题2分,共10分)
根据下面的对话情景,在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子,使对话的意思连贯、完整。
A: Hi, Li Mei. Did you finish your math homework
B: No. Instead, I did something different at home.
A: 41.　　　　　　　　　　
B: I watched a TV program about the Yangtze River.
A: The Yangtze River 42.　　　　　　　　　　
B: It’s the third longest river in the world.
A: 43.　　　　　　　　　　
B: It’s about 6,300 kilometers long.
A: I see. What about the Yellow River 44.　　　　　　　　　　
B: It’s about 5,464 kilometers long.
A: I see. Thanks for telling me that.
B: 45.　　　　　　　　　　.
Ⅴ.书面表达(20分)
假设你是李华,请根据以下信息,给你的外国笔友Jeff写一封不少于100词的信,向他介绍明长城并邀请他参观。
1.它具有两千多年的历史,长约8,850千米,高约7米,宽约5米。
2.它是世界上最长的城墙,也是世界上最伟大的奇观之一。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
答案全解全析
Ⅰ. A
[语篇解读]　本文是一则关于丫丫回国的新闻。
1.D　细节理解题。由“after 20 years of stay at the Memphis Zoo in the U.S.”可知,丫丫在美国待了20年,故选D。
2.A　细节理解题。由“Ya Ya was born at Beijing Zoo on August 3, 2000.”可知,丫丫出生在北京动物园,故选A。
3.B　细节理解题。由“Baby pandas are born pink”可知,大熊猫出生时是粉色的,故选B。
4.D　推理判断题。由“Ya Ya has become a bridge of friendship between Chinese and foreign people.”可知,丫丫帮助外国人更多地了解了中国,故选D。
5.A　语篇类型题。通读全文可知这是一则新闻,故选A。
B
[语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了珠穆朗玛峰的垃圾污染问题以及一些解决该问题的措施。
6.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“parts of the mountain are facing a problem—rubbish”可知,珠穆朗玛峰现在面临的问题是垃圾污染。故选B。
7.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Only 300 people are allowed to climb it every year, and only during spring.”可知,每年春天有300人被允许登北面的山。故选D。
8.D　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“They showed these works of art..when climbing the mountain.”可知,艺术家们通过展出自己的艺术作品提醒人们在攀登珠峰时不要丢弃垃圾。故选D。
9.B　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Local people cleaned the mountain”和“They collected about 8.4 tons of rubbish.”可知,当地人上山去清理垃圾。由此可推断take away符合题意。
10.B　写作目的题。通读全文可知,作者写这篇文章的目的是告诉读者要保护环境,不要随意扔垃圾。
C
[语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了竹子的生长环境和主要用途。
11.B　根据下文中的“People make tables, clothes, medicine, and musical instruments with it.”可知,竹子有很多用处。故选B。
12.E　根据设空处后句“Some bamboo grows so quickly that people say they can watch it grow.”可知竹子长得很快。E项“世界上生长速度最快的植物是竹子”符合语境。
13.D　根据下文中的“Bamboo plants are found in Asia, Australia, parts of Africa, and South America.”可知,D项“你也可以在世界其他地方找到它”符合语境。
14.A　根据设空处前句“The Chinese made a bamboo bridge...almost 1,000 years ago.”可知此处内容和竹桥有关,故A项“你现在仍然可以参观它”符合语境。
15.C　根据设空处前句“He tried almost 1,600 different types of materials.”可知,他尝试了将近1600种不同类型的材料,但是都没有成功。故选C。
Ⅱ.[语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了国家地理学会承认的第五大洋——南大洋的相关信息。
16.A　由下文内容可推断,现在又增加了一个大洋。表示“又一;另一”,应用another。
17.D　The National Geographic Society意为“美国国家地理学会”,从语境和意义上可知应用形容词big修饰。
18.C　决定在6月8日承认这一海洋是因为那天是国际海洋日。由此可推断用because。
19.B　make new maps意为“制作新地图”。
20.C　通常我们根据位于海洋之间的大陆划分不同的海洋。故选C。
21.A　由上下文可推断,此处表转折,且设空处后有逗号。故用However。
22.A　由上文可知,人们叫它南大洋。name作动词,意为“命名”,符合句意。
23.B　因为周围都是大洋,故用oceans。
24.D　所填词与“icy”是并列成分,应用形容词cold。
25.A　所填词指代the Southern Ocean,应用代词it。
26.B　设空处前的信息是根据《国家地理》杂志的报道而得到的。according to意为“根据”。故选B。
27.C　南大洋是唯一能看到帝企鹅的地方。place意为“地方”。故选C。
28.D　由句中的“climate change”及下文的描述可推断,这些物种中有许多处于危险之中。in danger意为“处于危险之中”。
29.B　由下文句子“Two large icebergs broke off from Antarctica.”可知,这里为肯定句,表示“某事”。故用Something。
30.A　由上文内容可知,我们应保护这个地区。protect意为“保护”。
Ⅲ.[语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了陨石的相关信息,包括陨石的形成、大小、数量等。
31.Scientists　句意:科学家们说,这可能来自最近的双子座流星雨。scientist意为“科学家”。
32.found　句意:人们在浙江金华的一个村庄发现了陨石。时态是一般过去时,故填found。
33.flying　在太空中,许多石头正围绕地球“飞行”。时态是现在进行时,故填flying。
34.catches　句意:当它们靠近时,地球引力捕获它们,并让它们掉下来。catch意为“抓住;捕获”,主语是the gravity,时态是一般现在时,故填catches。
35.when　本句是含时间状语从句的主从复合句,when意为“当……时”。
36.hugest　此处指的是“世界上最大的陨石坑”,故填hugest。
37.to　according to意为“据……所说”,是固定搭配。
38.chances　句意:英国自然历史博物馆宣称,陨石坠落的可能性在地球上任何地方都是一样的。chance意为“可能性”,由后面的are可知应填chances。
39.collected　我们已经在世界各地收集了四万多颗陨石。collect意为“收集”,时态是现在完成时,故填collected。
40.worry　由后面的“The radiation is not strong.”可推知此处指的是“不用担心”。祈使句中don’t后用动词原形,故填worry。
Ⅳ.41.What did you do then
42.What do you know about it
43.How long is it/the Yangtze River
44.How long is it
45.You’re welcome/Not at all/It’s my pleasure
Ⅴ.One possible version:
Dear Jeff,
How is everything going Now I’ll tell you something about the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty.
The Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty has a history of over 2,000 years. It is about 8,850 kilometers long, about 7 meters high and 5 meters wide. It is the longest wall and one of the greatest wonders in the world. Now it is a symbol of China. It looks like a huge dragon. As a famous place, millions of tourists from all over the world come to visit it every year.
So I hope you can come to China to visit it when you’re free. I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
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