Unit 4 How can we become good learners?素养综合检测（含解析）鲁教版（五四制）八年级下册

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024五四制鲁教版英语八年级下学期
Unit 4·素养综合检测
(满分100分,限时60分钟)
Ⅰ.完形填空(每小题2分,共20分)
【人与社会·人物事迹】(2023四川凉山州中考改编)
Some students often have trouble learning English. They say the　1　 takes up too much of their time. They have to read many passages, 　2　 new words in the dictionary and do lots of exercises.
Even though they work hard, they still cannot get good grades on tests. “　3　 ” they ask. “How can I enjoy success ” The story of Chinese astronaut Deng Qingming might help to answer 　4　 questions.
Deng was chosen as an astronaut trainee(实习生) in 1998.That was long ago—you readers hadn’t even been born yet. Since that day, he had spent almost all of his time training hard to become 　5　. Over the years, Deng has seen his fellow trainees go into space one after another. He, however, was always a backup(后备人员). He often felt sad. Sometimes, he even 　6　.
Deng still tries his best for the dream.　7　 he is now in his fifties, he keeps training hard. “I must be ready whenever the chance comes to me,” he once said. Finally, on the night of November 29, 2022, he and two other astronauts boarded the Shenzhou-15 aircraft and flew into space. Deng had waited 　8　 for that very moment.
So, if you want to give up learning English (or something else), think about Deng’s story. Your efforts might not succeed at once. But be　9　, try to improve your methods and keep going. You probably won’t have to wait many years for that moment 　10　 Deng. One day, success will knock at your door.
1. A.subject　　　 B.country　　　 C.book
2. A.look at　　　 B.look up　　　 C.look after
3. A.Where　　　 B.When　　　 C.Why
4. A.their　　　 B.your　　　 C.our
5. A.a teacher　　　 B.an artist C.an astronaut
6. A.cried　　　 B.laughed　　　 C.danced
7. A.But　　　 B.Although　　　 C.Unless
8. A.56 years 　　　 B.29 years　　　 C.24 years
9. A.popular　　　 B.patient　　　 C.polite
10. A.like　　　 B.for　　　 C.with
Ⅱ.阅读理解(每小题4分,共20分)
(2022湖北武汉中考)
All through grade school, I got extra help with schoolwork. If I got a D, I was very happy. If I got a C minus(C-), I had achieved greatness. A’s and B’s were a kingdom I could never enter.
Once my teacher, Miss Mills, had given me a list of ten spelling words. My mother and I went over the list until I knew those words. I felt great. I thought, “Wow! This time, I’m going to pass.” The next day, I went into the classroom and began to write down the words. The first word was carpet. I wrote that one down:c-a-r-p-e-t. I was feeling pretty confident. Then came neighbor—I wrote down the letter n. Then rhythm—I knew there was an r. Suburban—I wrote s-u-b. My confidence failed me. I had gone from 100 percent to maybe a D minus. Where did the words go
Some people talk about information sliding off your brain. That was my life. I was an underachiever(未能充分发挥学习潜力者).
Now I know I have dyslexia(诵读困难症). A person with dyslexia might see the as teh, and bird as brid. My brain learns differently. A learning disability can really change the way you feel about yourself. Now I know that even if I learn differently, I can still be filled with greatness.
Today when I visit schools as an actor, director, and co-author of children’s books, I tell children that everyone has something special inside. It’s our job to find out what that is and get it out, and give it to the world as a gift.
11.What’s the writer’s problem in grade school
A.He had trouble spelling.
B.He often got C minuses.
C.He was absent-minded.
D.He had a physical disability.
12.From Paragraph 2, we can infer that the writer 　　　.
A.wrote down 20% words correctly
B.knew he had dyslexia then
C.felt upset about himself at last
D.studied hard and passed the test
13.The underlined phrase “sliding off” in Paragraph 3 probably means 　　　.
A.coming into
B.going through
C.moving around
D.disappearing from
14.After the writer knew he had dyslexia, he 　　　.
A.felt very excited
B.had more difficulties in study
C.was filled with sadness
D.changed his view of himself
15.What would be the best title for the passage
A.A Change for Sure
B.A Great Underachiever
C.A Gift from the World
D.A Special Spelling Bee
Ⅲ.短文填空(每小题2分,共20分)
【探教材·P27】(2022湖北随州中考)
从方框中选择适当的单词,并用其适当的形式完成短文,每词只能用一次,每空一词。
good　realize　although　they　use
interest　hide　face　quick　in
How I Learned to Learn English
Last year, I did not like my English class. Every class was like a bad dream. The teacher spoke so　16　 that I did not understand her most of the time. I was afraid to ask questions because of my poor pronunciation. I just
　17　 behind my textbook and never said anything.
Then one day I watched an English movie called Toy Story. I fell 　18　 love with this exciting and funny movie! So I began to watch other English movies, too.　19　 I could not understand everything the characters said, their body language and the expressions on their 　20　 helped me to get the meaning. I also 　21　 I could get the meaning by listening for just the key words. My pronunciation improved as well by listening to the conversations in English movies. I discovered that listening to something
is the secret to language learning. I also learned 　23　 sentences like “It’s a piece of cake” or “It serves you right”. I did not understand these sentences at first. But because I wanted to understand the story, I looked
　24　 up in a dictionary.
　　Now I really enjoy my English class. I want to learn new words and more grammar so that I can have a　25　 understanding of English movies.
16.　　　 17.　　　 18.　　　 19.　　　 20.　　　
21.　　　 22.　　　 23.　　　 24.　　　 25.　　　
Ⅳ.阅读表达(每小题3分,共15分)
【人与社会·语言与文化】(2023山东莱阳期中)
Language is always changing and developing. That isn’t a bad thing. If English hadn’t changed for a long time, we wouldn’t have words to describe telephones, washing machines, computers or some other new things.
Language changes for several reasons. First, it changes because the needs of its speakers change. New technologies, new products, and new experiences need new words to express them clearly. Another reason for the change is that different people have different language experiences. People use different sets of words and expressions because they have different ages, jobs, education levels and so on.
How does language develop then On the one hand, many of the language changes begin with young people. When young people communicate with others of their own age, their language grows in grammar, words and expressions that are different from the older people. Some have a short lifetime, but others can influence the language for a long time. On the other hand, we get new words in many different ways. We borrow them from other languages, we create them by making words shorter or combining(组合) words and we make them out of proper names.
Languages that don’t change over time are considered dead languages. The fact that English has changed so much shows that it is alive and well.
根据短文内容回答问题。
26.What does the writer think of the change and development of language
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
27.Why do people use different sets of words and expressions according to the passage
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
28.How many reasons for language change are mentioned in this passage
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
29.How can we usually get new words (List at least two ways.)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
30.What is considered a dead language according to the passage
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅴ.书面表达(共25分)
[含评分细则]【学习能力·学习策略】(2023山东桓台期中)
李明是你班上的一名优秀生,各门功课都学得很棒,尤其英语成绩突出。全班同学都很羡慕他。为了提高全班同学的英语水平,班主任特意举办了以“How to learn English well”为主题的班会,请李明发言讲解他的学习经验。假如你是李明,请写一份发言稿。
提示:从听、说、读、写、学生词、学语法等方面介绍。词数80以上。要分段。
Dear friends,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
答案全解全析
Ⅰ.[语篇解读]　本文通过航天员邓清明的故事鼓励学生坚持不懈,努力学习。
1.A　考查名词辨析。由前句“Some students often have trouble learning English.”可知,一些学生认为英语学科占据了大量时间。
2.B　考查动词短语辨析。由后面的new words in the dictionary可知,此处指的是“在词典里查询单词”。
3.C　考查疑问词的用法。由前文可知,即便努力学习,一些学生依然没有取得高分,所以他们感到迷惑不解,故此处询问的是“为什么会这样 ”。
4.A　考查代词的用法。由第二段第一、二句中的they可知,此处指的是“他们的问题”。
5.C　由上文中的astronaut trainee可知,邓清明进行艰苦训练是为了当一名真正的航天员。
6.A　考查动词辨析。由前句“He often felt sad.”可知,邓清明为此甚至流泪。
7.B　考查连词辨析。由语境可知,尽管他现在已经五十多岁了,他却仍然坚持刻苦训练。although尽管,引导让步状语从句。
8.C　考查数字计算。由“Deng was chosen as an astronaut trainee in 1998.”及“Finally, on the night of November 29, 2022, he and two other astronauts boarded the Shenzhou-15 aircraft and flew into space.”可知,邓清明等待了24年。
9.B　考查形容词辨析。由后面的try to improve your methods and keep going及邓清明的故事可知,此处指的是“要有耐心”。
10.A　考查介词。后面的Deng在此表示举例说明。
Ⅱ.[语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了作者作为一个有诵读困难症的差等生的学习经历。
11.A　细节理解题。根据“Then came neighbor—I wrote down the letter n...s-u-b.”可知,作者拼写单词有困难。
12.C　推理判断题。根据文中“My confidence failed me. I had gone from 100 percent to maybe a D minus.”可知,作者失去了信心,觉得自己的表现可能得D,由此推断出作者最后对自己失望。
13.D　推理判断题。第二段中作者原本记住了单词并且感觉极好,但开始写的时候却一错再错,结合“Some people talk about information sliding off your brain.”可推出此处指信息从大脑中消失,“sliding off”与“disappearing from”意思相近。
14.D　细节理解题。根据文中“A learning disability can really change the way you feel about yourself. Now I know that even if I learn differently, I can still be filled with greatness.”可知,当作者知道自己有阅读障碍后,他改变了对自己的看法。
15.B　主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了作者作为一个有诵读困难症的差等生的学习经历,作者明白即使以不同的方式学习,依旧可以取得成功。用“A Great Underachiever”当标题最合适。
Ⅲ.[语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了如何学习英语。
16.quickly　根据“I did not understand her most of the time”可知作者听不懂是因为老师说得太快,此处应用quickly修饰动词,故填quickly。
17.hid　此处指的是藏在课本后,由上下文可知动词用过去式,故填hid。
18.in　固定短语fall in love with“爱上”,故填in。
19.Although　根据语境可知此处表转折,结合备选词可知although“尽管”符合语境,故填Although。
20.faces　根据语境及“the expressions”可知指的是他们的面部表情,face“脸”,此处表复数含义,故填faces。
21.realized　句意:我也意识到我可以通过只听关键词来理解意思。结合语境可知此处时态为一般过去时。
22.interesting　此处形容词作定语修饰something,故填interesting。
23.useful　句意:我还学会了一些有用的句子,比如“这是小菜一碟”或“你活该”。useful作定语修饰名词,故填useful。
24.them　根据上文提到的句子可知,此处指的是在词典里查句子,且空处位于动词后,应用they的宾格them,故填them。
25.better　根据语境可知此处是指更好地理解英语电影,这里暗含比较之意,应用good的比较级better,故填better。
Ⅳ.[语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了语言的变化和发展。
26.He thinks it is not a bad thing.　根据第一段第二句可知答案。
27.Because they have different ages, jobs and education levels and so on.　根据第二段最后一句可知答案。
28.Two/2.　根据第二段内容可知文章中提到了两个原因。
29.Borrow them from other languages and create them by making words shorter or combining words and make them out of proper names.　根据第三段最后一句可知答案。
30.The one that doesn’t change over time is considered a dead language.　根据最后一段第一句可知答案。
Ⅴ.One possible version:
Dear friends,
I am very happy to stand here to talk about ways of learning English to you. You know I like English very much and I am good at it. But many students in our class can’t learn it well. Don’t worry. Now I’d like to share some good ways with you.
I think doing lots of listening practice is the secret to language learning. And I practice listening by watching English programs. I practice speaking by having conversations with friends. What’s more, I improve my reading skills by reading English newspapers and magazines. Besides, I improve my writing by writing to my pen pals. As for grammar, I learn it by taking notes, doing exercises and reading a lot.
In a word, if we keep working hard at English, we are sure to learn it well. Please remember: the harder we work, the better grades we’ll get.
【评分细则】
一、评分原则
1.本题满分为25分。按六个档次给分。
2.评分时,先根据写作内容和语言表达的流畅、准确程度等确定其所属档次,然后以该档次的要求来确定本档次得分。出现考生个人信息不得分。
3.作文词数不少于80,否则扣1分。
4.书写不规范,卷面不整洁,扣1分。
二、内容要点:1.李明喜欢英语并且擅长英语,很乐意与大家分享学习方法;2.分别介绍各个方面的练习方法(听、说、读、写、学生词、学语法等);3.总结:学习英语越努力就越能取得好成绩。
三、各档次的给分范围和要求
第一档(21—25分):紧扣主题,覆盖所有要点;语法结构多样,词汇丰富;有效地使用了语句间衔接手段,全文结构、意义连贯,行文流畅;有个别语言错误,但不影响意思表达。
第二档(16—20分):紧扣主题,覆盖所有要点;语法结构比较多样,词汇比较丰富;使用了一定的语句间衔接手段,全文结构比较清晰,意义比较连贯;有少量语言错误,但基本不影响意思表达。
第三档(11—15分):基本覆盖所有要点,个别要点表达不清楚或不合理;基本准确地使用语法结构和词汇;有语句间衔接手段,全文结构相对清晰,意义基本连贯;有些许错误,但基本不影响理解。
第四档(6—10分):遗漏或未清楚表达部分内容要点,或一些内容与写作主题无关;所用词汇有限,语法结构简单,错误较多,影响理解;几乎未能有效使用语句间衔接手段,全文结构不够清晰,意义不够连贯。
第五档(1—5分):遗漏或未清楚表达大部分内容要点,或大部分内容与写作主题不相关;所用词汇非常有限,语法结构简单,错误很多,严重影响理解;未有效使用语句间衔接手段,全文结构不清晰,意义不连贯。
第六档(0分):未作答;所写内容无法看清以致无法评判;所写内容与题目要求完全不相关;抄袭试卷中的其他阅读文本材料。
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