人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement单元检测（含答案）
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高中英语人教版2019
选择性必修一 unit1单元检测卷
第一部分 阅读
［共两节，满分50分］
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years
Jane Addams(1860-1935)
Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community（社区）by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
Rachel Carson(1907-1964)
If it weren't for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans.
Sandra Day O'Connor( 1930-present)
When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator（参议员）and，in 1981， the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O'Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.
Rosa Parks(1913-2005)
On December 1,1955, in Montgomery, Alabama,Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger.Her simple act landed herself in prison. But it also set off the
Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year,and kicked off the civil-rights movement.“The only tired I was,was tired of giving in,"said Parks.
1.What is Jane Addams noted for in history
A.Her social work. B. Her teaching skills.
C.Her efforts to win a prize. D.Her community background.
2.What was the reason for O'Connor's being rejected by the law firm
A.Her lack of proper training in law.
B.Her little work experience in court.
C.The discrimination against women.
D.The poor financial conditions.
3. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.
A.Jane Addams.
B.Rachel Carson.
C.Sandra Day O'Connor.
D.Rosa Parks.
B
（2020·天津二考改编）After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance:curiosity and discontent. I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either. And I have never known an average man who had both. The two belong together.
Together，these deep human urges（驱策力）count for much more than ambition. Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground. Like Galileo,all the great names in history were curious and asked in discontent,“Why Why Why ”
Fortunately,curiosity and discontent don't have to be learned.We are born with them and need only recapture them.
“The great man，”said Mencius（孟子），“is he who does not lose his child's heart." Yet most of us do lose it.We stop asking questions. We stop challenging custom. We just follow the crowd. And the crowd desires only the calm and restful average. It encourages us to occupy our own little corner,to avoid foolish leaps into the dark, to be satisfied.
Most of us meet new people, and new ideas, with hesitation.But once having met and liked them, we think how terrible it would have been, had we missed the chance. We will probably have to force ourselves to waken our curiosity and discontent and keep them awake.
How should you start Modestly, so as not to become discouraged. I think of one friend who couldn't arrange flowers to satisfy herself. She was curious about how the experts did it. Now she is one of the experts, writing books on flower arrangement.
One way to begin is to answer your own excuses.You haven't any special ability Most people don't;there are only a few geniuses.You haven't any time That's good,because it's always the people with no time who get things done. Harriet Stowe, mother of six, wrote parts of Uncle Tom's Cabin while cooking. You're too old Remember that Thomas Costain was57 when he published his first novel, and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78.
However you start, remember there is no better time to start than right now, for you'll never be more alive than you are at this moment.
4.In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to
A.propose a definition
B.make a comparison
C.reach a conclusion
D. present an argument
5. What does the example of Galileo tell us
A.Trial and error leads to the finding of truth.
B. Scientists tend to be curious and ambitious.
C.Creativity results from challenging authority.
D. Greatness comes from a lasting desire to explore.
6. What can you do to recapture curiosity and discontent
A.Observe the unknown around you.
B. Develop a questioning mind.
C.Lead a life of adventure.
D.Follow the fashion.
7. What could be the best title for the passage
A.Curious Minds Never Feel Contented
B.Reflections on Human Nature
C.The Keys to Achievement
D. Never Too Late to Learn
C
Science has a lot of uses. It can uncover laws of nature,cure diseases,make bombs, and help bridges to stand up.Indeed science is so good at what it does that there's always a temptation（诱惑）to drag it into problems where it may not be helpful. David Brooks, author of The Social Animal:The Hidden Sources of Love, Character,and Achievement,appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed to resist the temptation.
Brooks gained fame for several books. His latest book The Social Animal, however, is more ambitious and serious than his earlier books. It is an attempt to deal with a set of weighty topics. The book focuses on big questions:What has science revealed about human nature What are the sources of character And why are some people happy and successful while others aren't
To answer these questions, Brooks surveys a wide range of disciplines（学科）.Considering this，you might expect the book to be a dry recitation of facts. But Brooks has structured his book in an unorthodox（非传统的），and perhaps unfortunate，way. Instead of introducing scientific theories,he tells a story,within which he tries to make his points, perhaps in order to keep the reader's attention. So as Harold and Erica,the hero and heroine in his story, live through childhood, we hear about the science of child development, and as they begin to date we hear about the theory of sexual attraction. Brooks carries this through to the death of one of his characters.
On the whole, Brooks's story is acceptable if uninspired.As one would expect, his writing is mostly clear and,to be fair,some chapters stand out above the rest. I enjoyed,for instance, the chapter in which Harold discovers how to think on his own. While Harold and Erica are certainly not strong or memorable characters, the more serious problems with The Social Animal lie elsewhere. These problems partly involve Brooks's attempt to translate his tale into science.
8. The author mentions the functions of science at the beginning of the passage to
A.illustrate where science can be applied
B: demonstrate the value of Brooks's new book
C. remind the reader of the importance of science
D.explain why many writers use science in their works
9.According to the author, which of the following could be a strength of the book
A.Its strong basis.
B.Its convincing points.
C.Its clear writing.
D.Its memorable characters.
10. What is the author's general attitude towards the book
A.Contradictory.
B.Supportive.
C.Cautious.
D.Critical.
11.What is the author likely to write about after the last paragraph
A.Problems with the book.
B.Brooks's life experiences.
C.Death of the characters.
D.Brooks's translation skills.
D
（2019·北京卷）Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur（创业者），who in May 2015 set up her business Ailie Candy. By the time she was 13,her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids' teeth,instead of destroying them.
It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning,“Why can't I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it ” With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.
With her dad's permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning.Consequently,she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners,which can reduce oral bacteria.
Moore then used her savings to get her business off the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner,who finally agreed to sell Moore's product——Can Candy.
As CanCandy's success grows, so does Moore's credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she's also positive about what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.
Meanwhile, with her parents' help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasn't driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 10% of Ailie Candy's profits to BigSmiles. With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.
12.How did Moore react to her dad's warning
A.She argued with him
B.She tried to find a way out.
C.She paid no attention.
D.She chose to consult dentists.
13.What is special about CanCandy
A.It is beneficial to dental health
B.It is free of sweeteners.
C.It is sweeter than other candies.
D.It is produced to a dentists' recipe.
14.What does Moore expect from her business
A.To earn more money.
B.To help others find smiles
C.To make herself stand out.
D.To beat other candy companies.
15. What can we learn from Alice Moore's story
A. Fame is a great thirst of the young. B. A youth is to be regarded with respect.
C. Positive thinking and action result in success. D. Success means getting personal desires satisfied.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2020·新高考全国I卷)Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.___16__Do you want to be a good public speaker Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often, when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public" at the expense of the “speaking.”_____17____Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People's attention wanders constantly.In fact, most people only absorb about 20percent of a speaker's message. So, don't stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it's a truly serious one.___18______
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.___19____ And like everything else in life , that takes practice.Remember,even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
___20____ It's rare to hear someone say, "I wish that speaker had spoken longer." On the other hand, you probably can't count the times that you've thought, "I'm glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever!" So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It's better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.
A. Do the opposite.
B.You want to be an effective public speaker.
C.You don't need to apologize for a minor slip.
D.When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E.The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience.
F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners.
G. However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
第二部分语言运用[共两节,满分30分]
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下而短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。
(2023·浙江1月卷) The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to21 a unique honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand- carved beehives (蜂箱) are placed in the 22 .Reaching them to get the honey is difficult-and often23
I 24 beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He25 handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 26 the bunch to create a torch(火把) . Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began27 . He stopped every few minutes to move the28higher up the tree trunk.
29 , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch, he30 towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry. Within seconds , he'd 31_ the trunk and was back on the ground.
It was too 32 to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed 33 . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).The adult bees were 34 and kept attacking as7ivad eseane Ziyad escaped from the tree. He had to wait for the right35 to go back up.
21.A.share B.collect C. celebrate D.witness
22. A.courtyards B.fields C. treetops D.caves
23.A.urgent B.dangerous C.expensive D.pointless
24.A. searched B.recognized C.followed D.invited
25.A.gathered B. cleaned C.dropped D.checked
26.A.shook B.lit C.measured D.decorated
27.A.jumping B.talking C.testing D.climbing
28.A.hives B. leaves C.rope D.honey
29.A. Finally B.Surprisingly C.Naturally D. Immediately
30.A. backed B. dived C. shouted D.inched
31.A.cut off B. gone up C.slid down D.held onto
32.A.high B.early C.fast D.close
33.A. hatching B.training C. sowing D.trading
34.A.curious B.hungry C. bored D.angry
35.A.moment B. equipment C.person D.order
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2021·浙江二考)It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac , but Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield, Illinois,36 _____( prove ) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully restored(修复)to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln's home for 17 years. In 1844 they bought it37 _____$1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their 38 _____( marry ) ceremony in 1842.
When the house was built, it was much 39______( small ) than it is today. Mary's niece wrote, "The little home40______( paint ) white. It was sweet and fresh.Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of 41 ______( she ) , everything in good taste and in perfect order."
Although Mary loved flowers,42 ______she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long-time neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over 43______( plant ) flowers in the front yard.
44 ______Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1860, they rented the house and 45______ ( sell ) most of their furniture.
第三部分 写作[共两节,满分40分]
第一节(满分15分)
(2020·全国I卷)你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题,写一篇短文参赛,内容包括
1.人物简介;
2.尊敬和爱戴的原因。注意:1.词数100左右;
2.短文题目和首句已为你写好。
The person I respect
There are many respectable people around us.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分 25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2022·新高考全国I卷)It was the day of the big cross- country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route(路线)through thick evergreen forest.
I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn't with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run.
What was wrong He had worked so hard for this event!
I quickly searched the crowd for the school's coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him," he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide."
I bit back my frustration(懊恼).I knew the coach meant well-he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward.
David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team. It just took him longer-that's all. David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
单元过关检测
[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了过去 100 年中不同领域的四位女性先驱。
1.A 细节理解题。根据Jane Addams下的第一句话“Anyone
who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.(任何一个曾受到社会工作者帮助的人都要感谢Jane Addams)”并结合本段内容可知,在历史上,Jane Addams因她的社会工作而出名,与A项相符。
2.C细节理解。根据SandraDay O'Connor下的“...she could
not find work at a law firm because she was a woman."可知,她没能在法律事务所找到工作,是因为她是一名女性,这与C项“对女性的歧视”相符,故选C项。根据Sandra Day O'Connor下的第一句“When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School..."可知,她在斯坦福大学法学院受过教育,并非缺少正规的法律培训,故A项错误;文中未提及她在法庭上的工作经验少,故B项错误;文中未提及她的经济状况,故D项错误。
3.D 细节理解题。根据Rosa Parks下的“...it also set off the
Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement."可知,她的行为引发了蒙哥马利巴士抵制运动,这场运动持续了一年多,导致了民权运动的开始,故选D项,是Rosa Parks对美国的民权运动作出了很大贡献。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。作者认为:有伟大成就的人和平庸的人的区别在于两种品质--好奇心和不满足,二者缺一不可。
4.D 写作意图题。本文是一篇议论文,作者开篇明义,阐述
了自己对成功人士必备品质的看法,下面各段都是围绕着这一看法展开的,故选D项“提出论点”。A项意为“提出定义”,B项意为“作比较”,C项意为“得出结论”,均不符合文意。
5.D 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知,作者认为,好奇
心和不满足是取得成就的内驱力,比雄心抱负重要得多,然后作者给出伽利略的例子来论证这一观点。D项 D“伟大来自对探索的持久渴望”与这一观点一致,注意D项中的desire与第二段第一句中的urges是同义替换。第二段最后一句也可印证答案。
6.B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“‘The great man,’ said
Mencius,‘is he who does not lose his child's heart.’Yet most of us do lose it.We stop asking questions.We stop challenging custom. We just follow the crowd.”可知,作者认为我们大部分人都失去了童心,不再问问题,不再挑战传统,只是随大溜。由此可知,可以通过培养善于问问题的头脑来重新获得好奇心和不满足的品质。
7.C 主旨大意题。浏览全文可知,文章主要论述了好奇心和
不满足是取得成就的必备品质,二者缺一不可,全文围绕此论点展开,故C项“成功的关键”最适合作为文章标题。A项“好奇的人永远不会感到满足”、B项“对人性的反思”和D项“活到老,学到老”均不符合文意。[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。科学有很多用途。许多作家也经常引用科学常识,但并不是每个人这样做都能达到自己预期的效果。
8.D 推理判断题。第一段前两句介绍了科学的诸多优点。
第三、四句说到了人们过于重视科学的优点而处处加以引用,但是这样会得到适得其反的效果,David Brooks就是一个例子。第一段最后一句中的who have failed to resist the temptation就证明了这一点,由此可以推断出，作者在文章开头提到科学的诸多好处是解释为什么那么多作家愿意在自己的书中引用关于科学的知识。
9.C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的his writing is mostly
clear... 可知,读者会发现这本书清晰明了,并不是枯燥知识的介绍,由此可知选择C项。
10.D 推理判断题。根据第三段的第三句“But Brooks has
structured his book in an unorthodox,and perhaps unfortunate, way.”及短文最后的“...the more serious problems with The Social Animal lie elsewhere. These problems partly involve Brooks's attempt to translate his tale into science.”可知,作者对这本书持“批判”态度。11.A推理判断题。根据文章最后一段倒数第二句中的 the
more serious problems和最后一句中的These problems可知,作者对存在的问题提出了自己的看法,所以可以推断文章的下一段应该是围绕“problems”展开,由此可知应该选择A项。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位少年创业成功的故事。小女孩Alice Moore面对问题不退缩,想办法解决问题,经过两年的调研和多次实验,最终创业成功。她也给更多的孩子带来健康和微笑。
12.B 推理判断题。根据题干中关键词warning可直接定位
到第二段第五句,该句表示Alice Moore 想要解决父亲提出的问题,因为她不愿意放弃享用糖果的机会,故B项“她试图找到解决的办法”为正确选项。
13.A推理判断题。CanCandy为语篇的线索性词汇,它是Alice Moore的公司研发的新产品。题干是问 CanCandy 的特别之处,由此定位到第三段第一句,根据本句内容可知,它“既可口又对牙齿无害”,故A项“它有益于牙齿健康”正确。
14.B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.”可知，Alice Moore希望每位小朋友都有洁净的口腔和灿烂的笑容。B项意为“帮助别人找到笑容”,与原文意思相符。
15.C 推理判断题。文章介绍了Alice Moore年纪虽小,但面对问题不退缩,积极思考,想办法解决问题,勇于创新，最后创业成功的故事。故C项正确。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。有些人是天生的演说家,但大多数人能成为有影响力的演说家,是因为他们受过训练。文章就如何成为一名出色的演说家给出了一些建议。
16.G 上句提到“一些人生来就有公开演讲的天赋”,与此承
接的语意应该是另一些人则要经过后天培训,故选G项“然而,大多数人能成为有影响力的演说家,是因为他们受过训练”。G项中的“the majority of people(大多数人)”对应上句的“Some individuals(一些人)”,“train to be(训练使然)”对应上句的“are born with(与生俱来)”。17.A 前面一句说的是“当你站起来发表演讲时,大多数情况
下你关注的是公众,却牺牲了演讲”。言外之意,作者认为演讲者应关注演讲本身而不是公众,故选A项“反过来做”。F选项虽然也提到要关注“听众”,但是与原文语境不符,且选项中的“the fear”在前文中没有提到，因此排除。
18.C前文说的是“即使最成功的演说家也会犯错……所以，
除非错误确实非常严重,否则犯了错也不要停止演讲”。由此可推断设空处应该与“犯错”有关,故选C项“你没有必要为小失误道歉”。a minor slip(小错误)与前文的 a mistake为同义替换。
19.B 由前句“你的目标不是成为一名完美的演说家”可以锁 定B、E两项。但后句“就像生活中的其他一切事情一样,这需要练习”中有关键词“that”,因此空格处应提及“that”指代的内容,故选B项“你想成为一名有影响力的演说家”,这是需要加以练习的。
20.D 空后提到“很少听到有人会说:‘我希望那名演讲者能讲得更久一些。’”另外,本段还给出了建议“总是让你的演讲比预期的稍短一点”,由此可知,位于本段段首的空格处应与缩短演讲时间有关。D项“说到公开演讲，通常越少就是越多”符合段落主题。这里的“less”指的是“less time”,“more”指的是“more benefts”或者“more gains"。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文,作者作为见证者,记录了一次养蜂人爬到树上徒手采集蜂蜜的独特场景。
21.D根据本文首句可知,作者在前往哈伦纳森林的路上。再
结合下文可知作者去那里是为了看养蜂人如何采集蜂蜜,由此可知,witness符合语境,意为“见证”。
22.C 根据空后可知,想要采集到蜂蜜是很困难的,由此可推
知,蜂箱放在难以到达的地方，treetop 意为“树梢”,符合语境。下文“He stopped every few minutes to move the higher up the tree trunk.”亦有提示。
23.B 空前提到想要采集到蜂蜜是很困难的,因此该空应与形容词 difficult 相呼应，dangerous 意为“危险的”,符合语境。再根据下文可知,养蜂人爬到树上徒手采集蜂蜜，被蜜蜂攻击,也说明了其危险性。
24.C作者初次来到哈伦纳森林,对这里的环境并不熟悉,因此应该跟着(follow)养蜂人穿过草原进入丛林。
25.A 根据下文的 wrapped them with string可知,养蜂人收集( gather)了几把潮湿的树叶,然后用绳子把它们捆在了一起。
26.B 根据下文 create a torch可知,养蜂人用收集的树叶制作了一个火把,lit意为“点燃”,符合语境。下文he
towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole... 亦提示火把是“点燃的”。
27.D 根据上文可知,养蜂人将绳子的两头分别系在自己的腰上和树干上,由此可推知,这是他为了往树上爬( climb)做准备。
28.C 养蜂人在爬树的过程中每隔几分钟就停下来,向上移动系在树上的绳索(rope),以便让自己爬到更高处。
29.A 根据下文可知,最后( finally),养蜂人靠近了蜂箱,到达了离地面约20米的高处。
30.D根据上文可知,养蜂人坐在距地面约20米高的树枝上，应是缓缓向蜂箱移动(inch),然后把火把的烟吹进蜂箱的小洞里。
31.C根据下文的 was back on the ground可知,养蜂人顺着树干滑了下来(slide down),回到地面。
32.B 根据下文的“Baby bees were still in the honeycombs."可知,现在采蜜还为时过早( early)。
33.A 根据下文可知蜜蜂幼虫尚在蜂巢里,本句告知了其中的原因--这个夏季过于凉爽导致孵化(hatch)的时间推迟了。
34.D 根据下文的 kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree可知,成年蜜蜂一直在攻击养蜂人,由此可推知,成年蜜蜂很生气( angry)。
35.A根据上文可知,此刻不是采集蜂蜜的好时机,因此养蜂人需要等到合适的时机(moment)再来采集。
36. has proved/has proven37.for 38.marriage 39.smaller40. was painted 41.herself42.neither 43. to plant44. The45. sold
第一节One possible version:
The person I respect
There are many respectable people around us. They may be our teachers, parents or elders. As for me, my English teacher is the person I respect most. She is a warm-hearted and dedicated teacher, who has won general praise. My English teacher is both strict with us and full of love at the same time. She has a flexible teaching method. When I encounter problems in English learning， my teacher listens to me patiently and explains them carefully, helping me overcome the difficulties. She has made great achievements in her work and has won respect from her students. So, in my mind, my English teacher is the person I respect most.
第二节One possible version:
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me I said gently, You're eager to run,right ”“Yes, but I'm afraid...” said David in a low voice, with his head dropping. “I know you're afraid of being laughed at, but I think it's a good chance for you to prove yourself. You have been working so hard for the run, and I'm so proud of you, David. If you really want to run, don't let anything or anybody stop you." David looking up at me, his usual big toothy smile came back. “I have decided to run." he said determinedly.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. The run began. All the runners rushed forward. David was the only one who rocked from side to side as he swung his feet forward, which made him very special among the other participants. The crowds began whispering. Suddenly, David tripped over a small stone. I hurriedly shouted “Come on, David.” Unexpectedly, the whisper of crowds transferred into encouragement, “Come on! Come on!” David picked himself up and went all out to move forward. Although he still was the last to finish the run, he did make it. All the crowds cheered for him!
选择性必修一 unit1单元检测卷
第一部分 阅读
［共两节，满分50分］
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years
Jane Addams(1860-1935)
Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community（社区）by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
Rachel Carson(1907-1964)
If it weren't for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans.
Sandra Day O'Connor( 1930-present)
When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator（参议员）and，in 1981， the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O'Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.
Rosa Parks(1913-2005)
On December 1,1955, in Montgomery, Alabama,Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger.Her simple act landed herself in prison. But it also set off the
Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year,and kicked off the civil-rights movement.“The only tired I was,was tired of giving in,"said Parks.
1.What is Jane Addams noted for in history
A.Her social work. B. Her teaching skills.
C.Her efforts to win a prize. D.Her community background.
2.What was the reason for O'Connor's being rejected by the law firm
A.Her lack of proper training in law.
B.Her little work experience in court.
C.The discrimination against women.
D.The poor financial conditions.
3. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.
A.Jane Addams.
B.Rachel Carson.
C.Sandra Day O'Connor.
D.Rosa Parks.
B
（2020·天津二考改编）After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance:curiosity and discontent. I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either. And I have never known an average man who had both. The two belong together.
Together，these deep human urges（驱策力）count for much more than ambition. Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground. Like Galileo,all the great names in history were curious and asked in discontent,“Why Why Why ”
Fortunately,curiosity and discontent don't have to be learned.We are born with them and need only recapture them.
“The great man，”said Mencius（孟子），“is he who does not lose his child's heart." Yet most of us do lose it.We stop asking questions. We stop challenging custom. We just follow the crowd. And the crowd desires only the calm and restful average. It encourages us to occupy our own little corner,to avoid foolish leaps into the dark, to be satisfied.
Most of us meet new people, and new ideas, with hesitation.But once having met and liked them, we think how terrible it would have been, had we missed the chance. We will probably have to force ourselves to waken our curiosity and discontent and keep them awake.
How should you start Modestly, so as not to become discouraged. I think of one friend who couldn't arrange flowers to satisfy herself. She was curious about how the experts did it. Now she is one of the experts, writing books on flower arrangement.
One way to begin is to answer your own excuses.You haven't any special ability Most people don't;there are only a few geniuses.You haven't any time That's good,because it's always the people with no time who get things done. Harriet Stowe, mother of six, wrote parts of Uncle Tom's Cabin while cooking. You're too old Remember that Thomas Costain was57 when he published his first novel, and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78.
However you start, remember there is no better time to start than right now, for you'll never be more alive than you are at this moment.
4.In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to
A.propose a definition
B.make a comparison
C.reach a conclusion
D. present an argument
5. What does the example of Galileo tell us
A.Trial and error leads to the finding of truth.
B. Scientists tend to be curious and ambitious.
C.Creativity results from challenging authority.
D. Greatness comes from a lasting desire to explore.
6. What can you do to recapture curiosity and discontent
A.Observe the unknown around you.
B. Develop a questioning mind.
C.Lead a life of adventure.
D.Follow the fashion.
7. What could be the best title for the passage
A.Curious Minds Never Feel Contented
B.Reflections on Human Nature
C.The Keys to Achievement
D. Never Too Late to Learn
C
Science has a lot of uses. It can uncover laws of nature,cure diseases,make bombs, and help bridges to stand up.Indeed science is so good at what it does that there's always a temptation（诱惑）to drag it into problems where it may not be helpful. David Brooks, author of The Social Animal:The Hidden Sources of Love, Character,and Achievement,appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed to resist the temptation.
Brooks gained fame for several books. His latest book The Social Animal, however, is more ambitious and serious than his earlier books. It is an attempt to deal with a set of weighty topics. The book focuses on big questions:What has science revealed about human nature What are the sources of character And why are some people happy and successful while others aren't
To answer these questions, Brooks surveys a wide range of disciplines（学科）.Considering this，you might expect the book to be a dry recitation of facts. But Brooks has structured his book in an unorthodox（非传统的），and perhaps unfortunate，way. Instead of introducing scientific theories,he tells a story,within which he tries to make his points, perhaps in order to keep the reader's attention. So as Harold and Erica,the hero and heroine in his story, live through childhood, we hear about the science of child development, and as they begin to date we hear about the theory of sexual attraction. Brooks carries this through to the death of one of his characters.
On the whole, Brooks's story is acceptable if uninspired.As one would expect, his writing is mostly clear and,to be fair,some chapters stand out above the rest. I enjoyed,for instance, the chapter in which Harold discovers how to think on his own. While Harold and Erica are certainly not strong or memorable characters, the more serious problems with The Social Animal lie elsewhere. These problems partly involve Brooks's attempt to translate his tale into science.
8. The author mentions the functions of science at the beginning of the passage to
A.illustrate where science can be applied
B: demonstrate the value of Brooks's new book
C. remind the reader of the importance of science
D.explain why many writers use science in their works
9.According to the author, which of the following could be a strength of the book
A.Its strong basis.
B.Its convincing points.
C.Its clear writing.
D.Its memorable characters.
10. What is the author's general attitude towards the book
A.Contradictory.
B.Supportive.
C.Cautious.
D.Critical.
11.What is the author likely to write about after the last paragraph
A.Problems with the book.
B.Brooks's life experiences.
C.Death of the characters.
D.Brooks's translation skills.
D
（2019·北京卷）Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur（创业者），who in May 2015 set up her business Ailie Candy. By the time she was 13,her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids' teeth,instead of destroying them.
It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning,“Why can't I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it ” With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.
With her dad's permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning.Consequently,she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners,which can reduce oral bacteria.
Moore then used her savings to get her business off the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner,who finally agreed to sell Moore's product——Can Candy.
As CanCandy's success grows, so does Moore's credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she's also positive about what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.
Meanwhile, with her parents' help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasn't driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 10% of Ailie Candy's profits to BigSmiles. With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.
12.How did Moore react to her dad's warning
A.She argued with him
B.She tried to find a way out.
C.She paid no attention.
D.She chose to consult dentists.
13.What is special about CanCandy
A.It is beneficial to dental health
B.It is free of sweeteners.
C.It is sweeter than other candies.
D.It is produced to a dentists' recipe.
14.What does Moore expect from her business
A.To earn more money.
B.To help others find smiles
C.To make herself stand out.
D.To beat other candy companies.
15. What can we learn from Alice Moore's story
A. Fame is a great thirst of the young. B. A youth is to be regarded with respect.
C. Positive thinking and action result in success. D. Success means getting personal desires satisfied.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2020·新高考全国I卷)Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.___16__Do you want to be a good public speaker Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often, when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public" at the expense of the “speaking.”_____17____Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People's attention wanders constantly.In fact, most people only absorb about 20percent of a speaker's message. So, don't stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it's a truly serious one.___18______
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.___19____ And like everything else in life , that takes practice.Remember,even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
___20____ It's rare to hear someone say, "I wish that speaker had spoken longer." On the other hand, you probably can't count the times that you've thought, "I'm glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever!" So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It's better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.
A. Do the opposite.
B.You want to be an effective public speaker.
C.You don't need to apologize for a minor slip.
D.When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E.The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience.
F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners.
G. However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
第二部分语言运用[共两节,满分30分]
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下而短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。
(2023·浙江1月卷) The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to21 a unique honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand- carved beehives (蜂箱) are placed in the 22 .Reaching them to get the honey is difficult-and often23
I 24 beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He25 handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 26 the bunch to create a torch(火把) . Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began27 . He stopped every few minutes to move the28higher up the tree trunk.
29 , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch, he30 towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry. Within seconds , he'd 31_ the trunk and was back on the ground.
It was too 32 to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed 33 . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).The adult bees were 34 and kept attacking as7ivad eseane Ziyad escaped from the tree. He had to wait for the right35 to go back up.
21.A.share B.collect C. celebrate D.witness
22. A.courtyards B.fields C. treetops D.caves
23.A.urgent B.dangerous C.expensive D.pointless
24.A. searched B.recognized C.followed D.invited
25.A.gathered B. cleaned C.dropped D.checked
26.A.shook B.lit C.measured D.decorated
27.A.jumping B.talking C.testing D.climbing
28.A.hives B. leaves C.rope D.honey
29.A. Finally B.Surprisingly C.Naturally D. Immediately
30.A. backed B. dived C. shouted D.inched
31.A.cut off B. gone up C.slid down D.held onto
32.A.high B.early C.fast D.close
33.A. hatching B.training C. sowing D.trading
34.A.curious B.hungry C. bored D.angry
35.A.moment B. equipment C.person D.order
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2021·浙江二考)It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac , but Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield, Illinois,36 _____( prove ) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully restored(修复)to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln's home for 17 years. In 1844 they bought it37 _____$1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their 38 _____( marry ) ceremony in 1842.
When the house was built, it was much 39______( small ) than it is today. Mary's niece wrote, "The little home40______( paint ) white. It was sweet and fresh.Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of 41 ______( she ) , everything in good taste and in perfect order."
Although Mary loved flowers,42 ______she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long-time neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over 43______( plant ) flowers in the front yard.
44 ______Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1860, they rented the house and 45______ ( sell ) most of their furniture.
第三部分 写作[共两节,满分40分]
第一节(满分15分)
(2020·全国I卷)你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题,写一篇短文参赛,内容包括
1.人物简介;
2.尊敬和爱戴的原因。注意:1.词数100左右;
2.短文题目和首句已为你写好。
The person I respect
There are many respectable people around us.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分 25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2022·新高考全国I卷)It was the day of the big cross- country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route(路线)through thick evergreen forest.
I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn't with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run.
What was wrong He had worked so hard for this event!
I quickly searched the crowd for the school's coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him," he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide."
I bit back my frustration(懊恼).I knew the coach meant well-he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward.
David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team. It just took him longer-that's all. David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
单元过关检测
[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了过去 100 年中不同领域的四位女性先驱。
1.A 细节理解题。根据Jane Addams下的第一句话“Anyone
who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.(任何一个曾受到社会工作者帮助的人都要感谢Jane Addams)”并结合本段内容可知,在历史上,Jane Addams因她的社会工作而出名,与A项相符。
2.C细节理解。根据SandraDay O'Connor下的“...she could
not find work at a law firm because she was a woman."可知,她没能在法律事务所找到工作,是因为她是一名女性,这与C项“对女性的歧视”相符,故选C项。根据Sandra Day O'Connor下的第一句“When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School..."可知,她在斯坦福大学法学院受过教育,并非缺少正规的法律培训,故A项错误;文中未提及她在法庭上的工作经验少,故B项错误;文中未提及她的经济状况,故D项错误。
3.D 细节理解题。根据Rosa Parks下的“...it also set off the
Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement."可知,她的行为引发了蒙哥马利巴士抵制运动,这场运动持续了一年多,导致了民权运动的开始,故选D项,是Rosa Parks对美国的民权运动作出了很大贡献。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。作者认为:有伟大成就的人和平庸的人的区别在于两种品质--好奇心和不满足,二者缺一不可。
4.D 写作意图题。本文是一篇议论文,作者开篇明义,阐述
了自己对成功人士必备品质的看法,下面各段都是围绕着这一看法展开的,故选D项“提出论点”。A项意为“提出定义”,B项意为“作比较”,C项意为“得出结论”,均不符合文意。
5.D 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知,作者认为,好奇
心和不满足是取得成就的内驱力,比雄心抱负重要得多,然后作者给出伽利略的例子来论证这一观点。D项 D“伟大来自对探索的持久渴望”与这一观点一致,注意D项中的desire与第二段第一句中的urges是同义替换。第二段最后一句也可印证答案。
6.B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“‘The great man,’ said
Mencius,‘is he who does not lose his child's heart.’Yet most of us do lose it.We stop asking questions.We stop challenging custom. We just follow the crowd.”可知,作者认为我们大部分人都失去了童心,不再问问题,不再挑战传统,只是随大溜。由此可知,可以通过培养善于问问题的头脑来重新获得好奇心和不满足的品质。
7.C 主旨大意题。浏览全文可知,文章主要论述了好奇心和
不满足是取得成就的必备品质,二者缺一不可,全文围绕此论点展开,故C项“成功的关键”最适合作为文章标题。A项“好奇的人永远不会感到满足”、B项“对人性的反思”和D项“活到老,学到老”均不符合文意。[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。科学有很多用途。许多作家也经常引用科学常识,但并不是每个人这样做都能达到自己预期的效果。
8.D 推理判断题。第一段前两句介绍了科学的诸多优点。
第三、四句说到了人们过于重视科学的优点而处处加以引用,但是这样会得到适得其反的效果,David Brooks就是一个例子。第一段最后一句中的who have failed to resist the temptation就证明了这一点,由此可以推断出，作者在文章开头提到科学的诸多好处是解释为什么那么多作家愿意在自己的书中引用关于科学的知识。
9.C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的his writing is mostly
clear... 可知,读者会发现这本书清晰明了,并不是枯燥知识的介绍,由此可知选择C项。
10.D 推理判断题。根据第三段的第三句“But Brooks has
structured his book in an unorthodox,and perhaps unfortunate, way.”及短文最后的“...the more serious problems with The Social Animal lie elsewhere. These problems partly involve Brooks's attempt to translate his tale into science.”可知,作者对这本书持“批判”态度。11.A推理判断题。根据文章最后一段倒数第二句中的 the
more serious problems和最后一句中的These problems可知,作者对存在的问题提出了自己的看法,所以可以推断文章的下一段应该是围绕“problems”展开,由此可知应该选择A项。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位少年创业成功的故事。小女孩Alice Moore面对问题不退缩,想办法解决问题,经过两年的调研和多次实验,最终创业成功。她也给更多的孩子带来健康和微笑。
12.B 推理判断题。根据题干中关键词warning可直接定位
到第二段第五句,该句表示Alice Moore 想要解决父亲提出的问题,因为她不愿意放弃享用糖果的机会,故B项“她试图找到解决的办法”为正确选项。
13.A推理判断题。CanCandy为语篇的线索性词汇,它是Alice Moore的公司研发的新产品。题干是问 CanCandy 的特别之处,由此定位到第三段第一句,根据本句内容可知,它“既可口又对牙齿无害”,故A项“它有益于牙齿健康”正确。
14.B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.”可知，Alice Moore希望每位小朋友都有洁净的口腔和灿烂的笑容。B项意为“帮助别人找到笑容”,与原文意思相符。
15.C 推理判断题。文章介绍了Alice Moore年纪虽小,但面对问题不退缩,积极思考,想办法解决问题,勇于创新，最后创业成功的故事。故C项正确。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。有些人是天生的演说家,但大多数人能成为有影响力的演说家,是因为他们受过训练。文章就如何成为一名出色的演说家给出了一些建议。
16.G 上句提到“一些人生来就有公开演讲的天赋”,与此承
接的语意应该是另一些人则要经过后天培训,故选G项“然而,大多数人能成为有影响力的演说家,是因为他们受过训练”。G项中的“the majority of people(大多数人)”对应上句的“Some individuals(一些人)”,“train to be(训练使然)”对应上句的“are born with(与生俱来)”。17.A 前面一句说的是“当你站起来发表演讲时,大多数情况
下你关注的是公众,却牺牲了演讲”。言外之意,作者认为演讲者应关注演讲本身而不是公众,故选A项“反过来做”。F选项虽然也提到要关注“听众”,但是与原文语境不符,且选项中的“the fear”在前文中没有提到，因此排除。
18.C前文说的是“即使最成功的演说家也会犯错……所以，
除非错误确实非常严重,否则犯了错也不要停止演讲”。由此可推断设空处应该与“犯错”有关,故选C项“你没有必要为小失误道歉”。a minor slip(小错误)与前文的 a mistake为同义替换。
19.B 由前句“你的目标不是成为一名完美的演说家”可以锁 定B、E两项。但后句“就像生活中的其他一切事情一样,这需要练习”中有关键词“that”,因此空格处应提及“that”指代的内容,故选B项“你想成为一名有影响力的演说家”,这是需要加以练习的。
20.D 空后提到“很少听到有人会说:‘我希望那名演讲者能讲得更久一些。’”另外,本段还给出了建议“总是让你的演讲比预期的稍短一点”,由此可知,位于本段段首的空格处应与缩短演讲时间有关。D项“说到公开演讲，通常越少就是越多”符合段落主题。这里的“less”指的是“less time”,“more”指的是“more benefts”或者“more gains"。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文,作者作为见证者,记录了一次养蜂人爬到树上徒手采集蜂蜜的独特场景。
21.D根据本文首句可知,作者在前往哈伦纳森林的路上。再
结合下文可知作者去那里是为了看养蜂人如何采集蜂蜜,由此可知,witness符合语境,意为“见证”。
22.C 根据空后可知,想要采集到蜂蜜是很困难的,由此可推
知,蜂箱放在难以到达的地方，treetop 意为“树梢”,符合语境。下文“He stopped every few minutes to move the higher up the tree trunk.”亦有提示。
23.B 空前提到想要采集到蜂蜜是很困难的,因此该空应与形容词 difficult 相呼应，dangerous 意为“危险的”,符合语境。再根据下文可知,养蜂人爬到树上徒手采集蜂蜜，被蜜蜂攻击,也说明了其危险性。
24.C作者初次来到哈伦纳森林,对这里的环境并不熟悉,因此应该跟着(follow)养蜂人穿过草原进入丛林。
25.A 根据下文的 wrapped them with string可知,养蜂人收集( gather)了几把潮湿的树叶,然后用绳子把它们捆在了一起。
26.B 根据下文 create a torch可知,养蜂人用收集的树叶制作了一个火把,lit意为“点燃”,符合语境。下文he
towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole... 亦提示火把是“点燃的”。
27.D 根据上文可知,养蜂人将绳子的两头分别系在自己的腰上和树干上,由此可推知,这是他为了往树上爬( climb)做准备。
28.C 养蜂人在爬树的过程中每隔几分钟就停下来,向上移动系在树上的绳索(rope),以便让自己爬到更高处。
29.A 根据下文可知,最后( finally),养蜂人靠近了蜂箱,到达了离地面约20米的高处。
30.D根据上文可知,养蜂人坐在距地面约20米高的树枝上，应是缓缓向蜂箱移动(inch),然后把火把的烟吹进蜂箱的小洞里。
31.C根据下文的 was back on the ground可知,养蜂人顺着树干滑了下来(slide down),回到地面。
32.B 根据下文的“Baby bees were still in the honeycombs."可知,现在采蜜还为时过早( early)。
33.A 根据下文可知蜜蜂幼虫尚在蜂巢里,本句告知了其中的原因--这个夏季过于凉爽导致孵化(hatch)的时间推迟了。
34.D 根据下文的 kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree可知,成年蜜蜂一直在攻击养蜂人,由此可推知,成年蜜蜂很生气( angry)。
35.A根据上文可知,此刻不是采集蜂蜜的好时机,因此养蜂人需要等到合适的时机(moment)再来采集。
36. has proved/has proven37.for 38.marriage 39.smaller40. was painted 41.herself42.neither 43. to plant44. The45. sold
第一节One possible version:
The person I respect
There are many respectable people around us. They may be our teachers, parents or elders. As for me, my English teacher is the person I respect most. She is a warm-hearted and dedicated teacher, who has won general praise. My English teacher is both strict with us and full of love at the same time. She has a flexible teaching method. When I encounter problems in English learning， my teacher listens to me patiently and explains them carefully, helping me overcome the difficulties. She has made great achievements in her work and has won respect from her students. So, in my mind, my English teacher is the person I respect most.
第二节One possible version:
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me I said gently, You're eager to run,right ”“Yes, but I'm afraid...” said David in a low voice, with his head dropping. “I know you're afraid of being laughed at, but I think it's a good chance for you to prove yourself. You have been working so hard for the run, and I'm so proud of you, David. If you really want to run, don't let anything or anybody stop you." David looking up at me, his usual big toothy smile came back. “I have decided to run." he said determinedly.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. The run began. All the runners rushed forward. David was the only one who rocked from side to side as he swung his feet forward, which made him very special among the other participants. The crowds began whispering. Suddenly, David tripped over a small stone. I hurriedly shouted “Come on, David.” Unexpectedly, the whisper of crowds transferred into encouragement, “Come on! Come on!” David picked himself up and went all out to move forward. Although he still was the last to finish the run, he did make it. All the crowds cheered for him!