2023-2024学年度高一年级上学期第二次月考
英语试卷
考试时间：60分钟;试题满分：100分
一、阅读理解：本大题共7小题，共21分。
A
Best Sleep Music Apps
If you want to sleep better at night, trying a sleep music app might be the answer. Here are some ideal sleep music apps to choose from.
Calm
Calm is one of the most popular sleep music apps and its large library of relaxing and sleep-causing tracks is largely responsible for that. This app offers a free version, but to really take advantage of what Calm has to offer, you had better choose the paid version, which costs $ 69.99 for one year. A lifetime membership is $ 399.99.
Relax Melodies
Relax Melodies is intended to calm your mind with relaxing sound. The composer is visual and easy to use, and the Discover page gives you access to other app features, like bedtime stories and breathing exercises. Though its free version provides a great introduction to the idea of sleep music, the paid version unlocks a larger library of sounds. Consider paying for it if there're particular sounds or features that really attract you.
Headspace
Headspace is a feature-rich app designed in a simple way that makes it quick and easy to use its library of sleep-specific music. The Sleep icon at the bottom of the app is easy to identify and leads to a library of options that include Sleep Music and Sleep Radio. It's worth noting that nearly everything in Headspace's Sleep Library requires an extra subscription. Headspace costs $ 69.99 annually, or you can pay $12.99 per month.
Pzizz
Pzizz offers sleep music tracks you can use at naptime, bedtime, or to improve focus. One thing that makes Pzizz different is its voice narration（旁白）option. If you find the presence of a calming voice to be comforting or benefit from someone helping you to relax your body and mind, then Pzizz is a good choice for you. Male and female voice options are available and the voice is low and calm. It has a free version but you should pay for extra subscriptions.
1 Which app allows you to combine sleep music with breathing exercises
A. Calm. B. Headspace. C. Pzizz. D. Relax Melodies.
2. How much should you pay at least for the one-year subscription of Headspace
A. $12.99. B. $69.99. C. $155.88. D. $399.99.
3. What is special about Pzizz
A. Its voice for narration is fixed. B. It provides low and calm music.
C. It offers voice narration options. D. Its focus is sleep-specific music.
B
Companies which sell liquids like drinks or shampoo depend on bottles made of plastic or glass for their packaging. But as customers have become more worried about the environment, many companies have begun working to develop paper bottles.
Paper bottles have many advantages. They are easy to recycle and weigh less than glass or plastic bottles, meaning they’ll require less energy to produce and to move around.
A company called Paboco has been working with many large companies to develop paper bottles. Clearly, one of the biggest challenges is keeping a paper bottle from leaking (渗漏). Therefore, many companies are lining their bottles with a thin sheet of plastic. Though this liner can be taken away and recycled, many recycling programs don’t have the right machines to deal with these liners.
A Danish beer company called Carlsberg is working with Paboco on a paper bottle called the “Green Fiber Bottle”. In the future the company hopes to use a “bio-plastic” that will break down naturally over time. A company named Diageo has just announced the first paper bottle that’s completely plastic-free. Instead of a plastic liner, a non-plastic coating will be used on the inside of the bottles. This should make the bottle fully recyclable. Diageo says they’ll use the bottle with their whiskey in 2023.
However, there’s still lots of testing to be done before paper bottles can replace glass or plastic panies will need to see how long liquids can be stored in the bottles, and make sure the bottles don’t influence the taste. But with so many companies working toward the same goal, it’s likely that we can expect to see paper bottles on store shelves in the near future.
4. What forces many companies to develop paper bottles
A. The cost of making plastic or glass bottles.
B. The customers’ caring about the environment.
C. The energy needed to produce ordinary bottles.
D. The difficulty in shaping the plastic or glass bottles.
5. Why are plastic liners used inside the bottles
A. To make them easy to recycle. B. To make bottles reusable.
C. To prevent liquid from escaping. D. To lower the production cost.
6. What can we infer about the making of paper bottles
A. Non-plastic coatings may be hard to recycle.
B. Paper bottles can’t go without a plastic liner.
C. There’s still a long way to go to reach the goal.
D Not all paper bottles are better than glass bottles.
7. What can be the best title for the text
A. Traditional Bottles or Paper Bottles
B. Companies Work to Develop Paper Bottles
C. Paper Bottles Are Getting Increasingly Popular
D. Advantages and Disadvantages of Paper Bottles
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共15分。
How to Recognize a True Friend
Sometimes it can be hard to recognize a true friend. Hopefully this article will help you recognize which friends are the keepers.
Be able to trust your friends. You should be able to trust true friends and they should return this trust. Do your friends tell you secrets that no one else knows Ask you for advice ___8___ However, if your friends hide things from you and act secretly, then this is a sign that they may not trust you.
___9___ Think about it. How comfortable are your friends when they are around you Are they being themselves around you Are they acting fake or perhaps hiding something True friendships can take a while to develop, but if your friends are true they should feel comfortable around you, and vice versa ( You with them)
Think about loyalty(忠诚). ____10____ If you are in need of a helping hand, your true friends should be there to offer it to you. True friends don’t try to get one another into trouble. A true friend will always be loyal to you and will not reveal secrets.
Think about nicknames. A lot of true friends love to give each other nicknames！ If your friend is giving you nicknames, then this is a great sign. Think of the nickname your friend has given you, does it suit you well ___11___
Look at how you fight. Nearly all best friends fight. ___12___ True friends will find their way through a fight, no matter what the size is. True friends will remain “faithful” to each other even during a fight. They will not tell each others’ secrets, and they still care about each other.
A. Consider comfort.
B Choose your friends carefully.
C. True friends are always there for one another.
D Both are sure signs that your friend trusts you.
E. If so, this shows your friend must know you quite well.
F. So if you and your friend have a little argument, don’t worry!
G. An inside joke shows that you share a special connection with your friend.
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共30分。
That year I was eleven and in sixth grade. In Wethersfield, all sixth-graders are ____13____to take part in the R.O.P.E. Program. Its main____14____is to believe your peers (同龄人), work together, and____15____new adventures. These programs including falling backward and____16____peers to catch you, working together to fit into a small circle and something of that kind.
I was ready to participate in these____17____. Falling backward and fitting into a small circle were nothing to me. Crossing over a stream with nothing holding me up but a rope was daring, but I could____18____it. Finally the day came when my sixth grade class would travel to climb and rappel (绕绳下滑) a mountain in Southington. Those people who were too____19____were allowed to practice climbing and rappelling a smaller area of rocks, but that wasn’t for me. I could climb the big mountain.
Twenty minutes later, my____20____arrived. As I was well____21____, I set off at once. I got a quarter of the way up but couldn’t seem to get any_____22_____. I tried and tried. I began to put myself down and cry. There was nothing more_____23_____than my classmates were looking at me. All I kept_____24_____was “Lisa, you can do it. Try to fit your foot in there._____25_____, Lisa you’re almost there.”
It was then that I thought to myself, “Why am I crying I can do this.” Almost _____26_____ I went on going up the mountain. Within five minutes I successfully _____27_____to the top.
13. A. allowed B. reported C. required D. reminded
14. A. idea B. result C. question D. road
15. A. witness B. introduce C. experience D. describe
16. A. begging B. thinking C. promising D. trusting
17. A. lectures B. discussions C. stories D. activities
18. A. handle B. discover C. change D. need
19 A. naughty B. noisy C. scared D. annoyed
20. A. friend B. turn C. teacher D. day
21. A. relaxed B. balanced C. organized D. prepared
22. A. quicker B. warmer C. farther D. longer
23. A. embarrassing B. amazing C. exciting D. disappointing
24. A. shouting B. remembering C. learning D. hearing
25. A. Watch out B. Come on C. Hurry up D. Walk along
26. A. entirely B. carefully C. dangerously D. immediately
27. A. reached B. got C. arrived D. took
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When two cultures come together, the words of ____28____ (they) languages compete for survival (存在). We can see this taking place early on in the history of English, following the Danish invasions (入侵) of Britain. The Danes spoke a language known ____29____ Old Norse, and this had many words ___30___ had a related (相关的) form in Old English. What would people end up ____31____ (say) Would the Danish settlers use the Old English words Or would the Anglo-Saxons use the Old Norse ones
_____32_____ (actual), the Old English and Old Norse words both survived, because people gave them _____33_____ (difference) meanings. This is what happened to skirt and shirt.
Shirt is found sometimes in late Old English (spelled scyrte), with the meaning of a short garment (衣服) worn by both men ____34____ women. Skirt, from Old Norse, is known from the 1300s, and seems to have been used mainly for a woman’s garment — the lower part of a dress. But the word could also ______35______ (use) for the lower part of a man’s robe or coat too.
During the Middle English period, shirt ______36______ (become) increasingly used only for a man’s garment, and skirt for a woman’s. Today, women’s clothes include shirts, and skirts are normal wear for men in many ______37______ (country). Clothing such as the T-shirt is gender-neutral (不分性别的).
五、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共19分。
38. 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Kim将于下周访问你校，你想邀请他参与下周学校组织的“劳动实践周”（Labour Week）活动。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1. 邀请Kim参加活动；
2. 介绍活动目的和内容。
注意：
1. 词数 80 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Kim,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua2023-2024学年度高一年级上学期第二次月考
英语试卷
考试时间：60分钟;试题满分：100分
一、阅读理解：本大题共7小题，共21分。
A
Best Sleep Music Apps
If you want to sleep better at night, trying a sleep music app might be the answer. Here are some ideal sleep music apps to choose from.
Calm
Calm is one of the most popular sleep music apps and its large library of relaxing and sleep-causing tracks is largely responsible for that. This app offers a free version, but to really take advantage of what Calm has to offer, you had better choose the paid version, which costs $ 69.99 for one year. A lifetime membership is $ 399.99.
Relax Melodies
Relax Melodies is intended to calm your mind with relaxing sound. The composer is visual and easy to use, and the Discover page gives you access to other app features, like bedtime stories and breathing exercises. Though its free version provides a great introduction to the idea of sleep music, the paid version unlocks a larger library of sounds. Consider paying for it if there're particular sounds or features that really attract you.
Headspace
Headspace is a feature-rich app designed in a simple way that makes it quick and easy to use its library of sleep-specific music. The Sleep icon at the bottom of the app is easy to identify and leads to a library of options that include Sleep Music and Sleep Radio. It's worth noting that nearly everything in Headspace's Sleep Library requires an extra subscription. Headspace costs $ 69.99 annually, or you can pay $12.99 per month.
Pzizz
Pzizz offers sleep music tracks you can use at naptime, bedtime, or to improve focus. One thing that makes Pzizz different is its voice narration（旁白）option. If you find the presence of a calming voice to be comforting or benefit from someone helping you to relax your body and mind, then Pzizz is a good choice for you. Male and female voice options are available and the voice is low and calm. It has a free version but you should pay for extra subscriptions.
1. Which app allows you to combine sleep music with breathing exercises
A. Calm. B. Headspace. C. Pzizz. D. Relax Melodies.
2. How much should you pay at least for the one-year subscription of Headspace
A. $12.99. B. $69.99. C. $155.88. D. $399.99.
3. What is special about Pzizz
A. Its voice for narration is fixed. B. It provides low and calm music.
C. It offers voice narration options. D. Its focus is sleep-specific music.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种睡眠音乐应用软件。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Relax Melodies部分“Relax Melodies is intended to calm your mind with relaxing sound. The composer is visual and easy to use, and the Discover page gives you access to other app features, like bedtime stories and breathing exercises.(放松旋律旨在用放松的声音让你的头脑平静下来。作曲家是可视化的，易于使用，探索页面让你可以访问其他应用程序功能，如睡前故事和呼吸练习。)”可知，Relax Melodies不仅提供睡眠音乐，而且向用户分享呼吸练习技巧。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Headspace部分“Headspace costs $69.99 annually, or you can pay $12.99 per month.(Headspace成本每年69.99美元，或者你可以每月支付12.99美元。) ”可知，Headspace一年的订阅费用至少是69. 99美元。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Pzizz部分“One thing that makes Pzizz different is its voice narration（旁白）option. If you find the presence of a calming voice to be comforting or benefit from someone helping you to relax your body and mind, then Pzizz is a good choice for you. Male and female voice options are available and the voice is low and calm.(让Pzizz与众不同的一点是它的声音叙事选项。如果你觉得有人帮助你放松身心会让你感到安慰或受益，那么Pzizz是一个不错的选择。男声和女声可选，声音低沉而平静。)”可知，Pzizz的特别之处是它提供多种旁白音的选择。故选C项。
B
Companies which sell liquids like drinks or shampoo depend on bottles made of plastic or glass for their packaging. But as customers have become more worried about the environment, many companies have begun working to develop paper bottles.
Paper bottles have many advantages. They are easy to recycle and weigh less than glass or plastic bottles, meaning they’ll require less energy to produce and to move around.
A company called Paboco has been working with many large companies to develop paper bottles. Clearly, one of the biggest challenges is keeping a paper bottle from leaking (渗漏). Therefore, many companies are lining their bottles with a thin sheet of plastic. Though this liner can be taken away and recycled, many recycling programs don’t have the right machines to deal with these liners.
A Danish beer company called Carlsberg is working with Paboco on a paper bottle called the “Green Fiber Bottle”. In the future the company hopes to use a “bio-plastic” that will break down naturally over time. A company named Diageo has just announced the first paper bottle that’s completely plastic-free. Instead of a plastic liner, a non-plastic coating will be used on the inside of the bottles. This should make the bottle fully recyclable. Diageo says they’ll use the bottle with their whiskey in 2023.
However, there’s still lots of testing to be done before paper bottles can replace glass or plastic panies will need to see how long liquids can be stored in the bottles, and make sure the bottles don’t influence the taste. But with so many companies working toward the same goal, it’s likely that we can expect to see paper bottles on store shelves in the near future.
4 What forces many companies to develop paper bottles
A. The cost of making plastic or glass bottles.
B. The customers’ caring about the environment.
C. The energy needed to produce ordinary bottles.
D. The difficulty in shaping the plastic or glass bottles.
5. Why are plastic liners used inside the bottles
A. To make them easy to recycle. B. To make bottles reusable.
C. To prevent liquid from escaping. D. To lower the production cost.
6. What can we infer about the making of paper bottles
A. Non-plastic coatings may be hard to recycle.
B. Paper bottles can’t go without a plastic liner.
C. There’s still a long way to go to reach the goal.
D. Not all paper bottles are better than glass bottles.
7. What can be the best title for the text
A. Traditional Bottles or Paper Bottles
B. Companies Work to Develop Paper Bottles
C. Paper Bottles Are Getting Increasingly Popular
D. Advantages and Disadvantages of Paper Bottles
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，鉴于许多顾客担忧环境问题，许多公司开始研发纸瓶子，并介绍了纸瓶子的优缺点以及发展前景。
4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“But as customers have become more worried about the environment, many companies have begun working to develop paper bottles.(但随着消费者越来越担心环境问题，许多公司开始开发纸瓶子)”可知消费者对环境的担心迫使许多公司开始开发纸瓶子。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第二和三句“Clearly, one of the biggest challenges is keeping a paper bottle from leaking (渗漏). Therefore, many companies are lining their bottles with a thin sheet of plastic.(显然，最大的挑战之一是防止纸瓶泄漏，因此许多公司正在用一层薄薄的塑料薄膜来内衬瓶子)”可知用一层薄薄的塑料薄膜来内衬瓶子是防止液体泄漏。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“However, there’s still lots of testing to be done before paper bottles can replace glass or plastic bottles.(然而，在用纸瓶子取代玻璃瓶或塑料瓶之前，仍需进行大量测试)”可知，要实现目标仍有很长的路要走。故选C项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是最后一段“ But with so many companies working toward the same goal, it’s likely that we can expect to see paper bottles on store shelves in the near future. (但随着这么多公司都在朝着同一个目标努力，我们很有可能在不久的将来看到纸瓶出现在商店的货架上)”可知，许多公司参与到纸瓶子的研发中。B项“众多公司致力于研发纸瓶”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B项。
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共15分。
How to Recognize a True Friend
Sometimes it can be hard to recognize a true friend. Hopefully this article will help you recognize which friends are the keepers.
Be able to trust your friends. You should be able to trust true friends and they should return this trust. Do your friends tell you secrets that no one else knows Ask you for advice ___8___ However, if your friends hide things from you and act secretly, then this is a sign that they may not trust you.
___9___ Think about it. How comfortable are your friends when they are around you Are they being themselves around you Are they acting fake or perhaps hiding something True friendships can take a while to develop, but if your friends are true they should feel comfortable around you, and vice versa ( You with them)
Think about loyalty(忠诚). ____10____ If you are in need of a helping hand, your true friends should be there to offer it to you. True friends don’t try to get one another into trouble. A true friend will always be loyal to you and will not reveal secrets.
Think about nicknames. A lot of true friends love to give each other nicknames！ If your friend is giving you nicknames, then this is a great sign. Think of the nickname your friend has given you, does it suit you well ___11___
Look at how you fight. Nearly all best friends fight. ___12___ True friends will find their way through a fight, no matter what the size is. True friends will remain “faithful” to each other even during a fight. They will not tell each others’ secrets, and they still care about each other.
A. Consider comfort.
B. Choose your friends carefully.
C. True friends are always there for one another.
D. Both are sure signs that your friend trusts you.
E. If so, this shows your friend must know you quite well.
F. So if you and your friend have a little argument don’t worry!
G. An inside joke shows that you share a special connection with your friend.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. E 12. F
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要向我们介绍如何识别一个真正的朋友。
【8题详解】
根据前两句Do your friends tell you secrets that no one else knows Ask you for advice （你的朋友会告诉你没有其他人知道的秘密吗？征求你的意见了吗？）和后句的转折However, if your friends hide things from you and act secretly, then this is a sign that they may not trust you.（然而，如果你的朋友对你隐瞒事情，那么这表明他们可能不信任你。）可知，前面两点是你朋友信任你的明显迹象。故选D。
【9题详解】
考查主题句。根据后句How comfortable are your friends when they are around you （当你的朋友在你身边的时候，你有多愉快放松？）和but if your friends are true they should feel comfortable around you, and vice versa（但是如果你的朋友是真的，和你在一起，他们应该感到舒服，反过来也是一样。）提示可知，这里主题句应为：Consider comfort.（考虑舒适性。），故选A。
【10题详解】
根据后两句If you are in need of a helping hand, your true friends should be there to offer it to you. True friends don’t try to get one another into trouble.（如果你需要帮助，你真正的朋友应该在那里给你提供帮助。真正的朋友不会试图让对方陷入困境。）可知，真正的朋友总是彼此相伴。故选C。
【11题详解】
根据主题句Think about nicknames.和前句Think of the nickname your friend has given you, does it suit you well （想想你朋友给你的绰号，你觉得很合适你吗？）可知，绰号的适合表明了你的朋友一定对你相当了解。故选E。
【12题详解】
根据前句Nearly all best friends fight.（几乎所有最好的朋友都争吵。）和后句True friends will find their way through a fight, no matter what the size is.（真正的朋友将会通过争吵找到解决方法）可知，如果你和你的朋友有争吵，没有必要担心。故选F。
【点睛】七选五题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有用。例如小题2要求选择本段的主题句，结合其它四个主题句可知，主题句都是以动词原形开头的祈使句，再抓住后句的关键词How comfortable和feel comfortable，再结合其段落的内容就不难选出正确的答案。
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共30分。
That year I was eleven and in sixth grade. In Wethersfield, all sixth-graders are ____13____to take part in the R.O.P.E. Program. Its main____14____is to believe your peers (同龄人), work together, and____15____new adventures. These programs including falling backward and____16____peers to catch you, working together to fit into a small circle and something of that kind.
I was ready to participate in these____17____. Falling backward and fitting into a small circle were nothing to me. Crossing over a stream with nothing holding me up but a rope was daring, but I could____18____it. Finally the day came when my sixth grade class would travel to climb and rappel (绕绳下滑) a mountain in Southington. Those people who were too____19____were allowed to practice climbing and rappelling a smaller area of rocks, but that wasn’t for me. I could climb the big mountain.
Twenty minutes later, my____20____arrived. As I was well____21____, I set off at once. I got a quarter of the way up but couldn’t seem to get any_____22_____. I tried and tried. I began to put myself down and cry. There was nothing more_____23_____than my classmates were looking at me. All I kept_____24_____was “Lisa, you can do it. Try to fit your foot in there._____25_____, Lisa you’re almost there.”
It was then that I thought to myself, “Why am I crying I can do this.” Almost _____26_____ I went on going up the mountain. Within five minutes I successfully _____27_____to the top.
13. A. allowed B. reported C. required D. reminded
14. A. idea B. result C. question D. road
15. A. witness B. introduce C. experience D. describe
16 A. begging B. thinking C. promising D. trusting
17. A. lectures B. discussions C. stories D. activities
18. A. handle B. discover C. change D. need
19. A. naughty B. noisy C. scared D. annoyed
20. A. friend B. turn C. teacher D. day
21. A. relaxed B. balanced C. organized D. prepared
22. A. quicker B. warmer C. farther D. longer
23. A. embarrassing B. amazing C. exciting D. disappointing
24. A. shouting B. remembering C. learning D. hearing
25. A. Watch out B. Come on C. Hurry up D. Walk along
26. A. entirely B. carefully C. dangerously D. immediately
27. A. reached B. got C. arrived D. took
【答案】13. C 14. A 15. C 16. D 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. B 21. D 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者六年级参加R.O.P.E.项目时，本相信自己能爬到山顶，最终却在同伴的鼓励下成功地登上了顶峰的故事。
【13题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Wethersfield，所有六年级学生都必须参加R.O.P.E.项目。A. allowed允许；B. reported报道；C. required需要；D. reminded提醒。由上文的“In Wethersfield, all sixth-graders”可知，Wethersfield的传统是，所有六年级学生都被要求参加R.O.P.E.项目，be required to do sth. (被要求做某事)。故选C项。
【14题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的主要思想是相信你的同龄人，一起工作，体验新的冒险。A. idea想法、思想；B. result结果；C. question问题；D. road路。由下文的“to believe your peers (同龄人), work together, and____3____new adventures”可知，相信你的同龄人，一起工作，体验新的冒险，是R.O.P.E.项目的目的或思想。故选A项。
【15题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它的主要思想是相信你的同龄人，一起工作，体验新的冒险。A. witness目击；B. introduce介绍；C. experience体验；D. describe描述。由下文的“new adventures”和下文作者的攀登体验可知，此处指R.O.P.E.项目让六年级学生体验新的冒险。故选C项。
【16题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些计划包括向后倒下并相信同龄人会抓住你，共同努力融入一个小圈子等等。A. begging祈求；B. thinking思考；C. promising承诺；D. trusting信任。由上文的“to believe your peers (同龄人)”可知，R.O.P.E.项目的目的是相信你的同龄人，所以向后倒下时，你应该相信你的同龄人会抓住你。故选D项。
【17题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我准备参加这些活动。A. lectures演讲；B. discussions讨论；C. stories故事；D. activities活动。由下文的“Falling backward and fitting into a small circle were nothing to me. Crossing over a stream with nothing holding me up but a rope was daring”可知，作者六年级了，要准备参加R.O.P.E.项目的各种活动了，如向后倒下、共同努力融入一个小圈子和用一根绳子过小溪等。故选D项。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：越过小溪时，除了一根绳子，没什么能支撑我，这很大胆，但我能应付。A. handle应付；B. discover发现；C. change改变；D. need需要。由上文的“Crossing over a stream with nothing holding me up but a rope was daring, but”可知，but表转折，尽管只有一根绳子过小溪，但作者觉得自己能应对这种情况。故选A项。
【19题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那些太害怕的人被允许在一小块岩石上练习攀爬和绕绳下滑，但这对我来说不合适。A. naughty淘气的；B. noisy吵闹的；C. scared害怕的；D. annoyed恼怒的。由下文的“were allowed to practice climbing and rappelling a smaller area of rocks, but that wasn’t for me. I could climb the big mountain”可知，相较于胆大的作者敢爬大山而言，只能在一小块岩石上练习攀爬和绕绳下滑的学生很胆小、害怕。故选C项。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：二十分钟后，轮到我了。A. friend朋友；B. turn（依次轮到的）机会；C. teacher教师；D. day日子。由本处语境和下文的“I set off at once”可知，作者开始爬了，说明轮到作者攀登了。故选B项。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于我准备充分，我立刻出发了。A. relaxed放松的；B. balanced均衡的；C. organized有条理的；D. prepared准备好。由上文的“I could climb the big mountain.”可知，作者认为自己可以爬大山，信心满满，应该是准备出发的。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我走了四分之一的路，但似乎无法走得更远了。A. quicker更快的；B. warmer更温暖的；C. farther更远的；D. longer更长的。由下文的“I began to put myself down and cry.”可知，与上文作者信心满满认为自己能爬大山相对，作者攀爬受挫，山不是那么好攀爬的，因为似乎无法攀爬得更远，所以沮丧地哭了起来。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有什么比我的同学看着我更尴尬的了。A. embarrassing令人尴尬的；B. amazing令人大为惊奇的；C. exciting令人兴奋的；D. disappointing令人失望的。由上文的“I began to put myself down and cry.”和下文的“my classmates were looking at me”可知，作者攀爬受挫，开始哭泣，被同学看到，自觉非常尴尬。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直听到的是“丽莎，你能行。试着把你的脚放进去。快点，丽莎，你就快到了。”A. shouting大叫；B. remembering记得；C. learning学习；D. hearing听见。由下文的“Lisa, you can do it. Try to fit your foot in there.”可知，“丽莎，你能行。试着把你的脚放进去。”是作者听到的内容。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我一直听到的是“丽莎，你能行。试着把你的脚放进去。快点，丽莎，你就快到了。”A. Watch out小心；B. Come on加油；C. Hurry up赶快；D. Walk along沿着……走。由下文的“Lisa you’re almost there”可知，这是对方鼓励作者的话语，Come on符合语境。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我几乎立刻继续攀爬上山。A. entirely完全；B. carefully认真地；C. dangerously危险地；D. immediately立刻。由上文的“Lisa you’re almost there”可知，听到对方鼓励自己快要到山顶的话，作者立马重拾信心，攀爬上山。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不到五分钟，我就成功地登上了顶峰。A. reached到达（及物动词）；B. got到达（不及物动词）；C. arrived到达（不及物动词，常可与介词at/in连用）；D. took拿走。由上文的“successfully”可知，作者成功登顶，get to +地点，意为“到达”。故选B项。
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When two cultures come together, the words of ____28____ (they) languages compete for survival (存在). We can see this taking place early on in the history of English, following the Danish invasions (入侵) of Britain. The Danes spoke a language known ____29____ Old Norse, and this had many words ___30___ had a related (相关的) form in Old English. What would people end up ____31____ (say) Would the Danish settlers use the Old English words Or would the Anglo-Saxons use the Old Norse ones
_____32_____ (actual), the Old English and Old Norse words both survived, because people gave them _____33_____ (difference) meanings. This is what happened to skirt and shirt.
Shirt is found sometimes in late Old English (spelled scyrte), with the meaning of a short garment (衣服) worn by both men ____34____ women. Skirt, from Old Norse, is known from the 1300s, and seems to have been used mainly for a woman’s garment — the lower part of a dress. But the word could also ______35______ (use) for the lower part of a man’s robe or coat too.
During the Middle English period, shirt ______36______ (become) increasingly used only for a man’s garment, and skirt for a woman’s. Today, women’s clothes include shirts, and skirts are normal wear for men in many ______37______ (country). Clothing such as the T-shirt is gender-neutral (不分性别的).
【答案】28. their
29. as 30. which##that
31. saying 32. Actually
33. different
34. and 35. be used
36. became 37. countries
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是当两种文化融合在一起时，他们语言中的词语就会出现为生存而竞争的现象。
【28题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：当两种文化融合在一起时，他们语言中的词语就会为生存而竞争。结合句意及空后的languages可知应填形容词性物主代词their，作定语。故填their。
【29题详解】
考查介词和固定搭配。句意：丹麦人说一种被称为古斯堪的纳维亚语的语言，其中有许多单词在古英语中有相关的形式。空处应填介词as，be known as意为“被称为”，固定搭配。故填as。
【30题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：丹麦人说一种被称为古斯堪的纳维亚语的语言，其中有许多单词在古英语中有相关的形式。此处为定语从句，先行词为words，先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。
【31题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：人们最后会怎么说 end up doing sth.意为“最终做了某事”，固定搭配，所以应填现在分词形式saying，作状语。故填saying。
【32题详解】
考查副词。句意：实际上古英语和古斯堪的纳维亚语的单词都保存了下来，因为人们赋予它们不同的含义。结合句意空处应填副词形式，作整个句子的状语，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Actually。
【33题详解】
考查形容词。句意：实际上古英语和古斯堪的纳维亚语的单词都保存了下来，因为人们赋予它们不同的含义。结合句意及空后的名词meanings可知应填形容词形式different，作定语。故填different。
【34题详解】
考查连词。句意：Shirt有时出现在古英语晚期，意思是男女都穿的短衣服。由空前的both可知应填and，both…and…意为“两者都……”。故填and。
【35题详解】
考查动词语态和情态动词。句意：但是这个词也可以被用来形容男人长袍或外套的下半部分。空处应填谓语动词的形式，主语the word与动词use之间为被动关系，由空前的could可知应用被动形式be used。故填be used。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在中世纪英语时期，衬衫越来越多地只用作男人的衣服，裙子越来越多地只用作女人的衣服。空处应填谓语动词的形式，由时间状语During the Middle English period可知动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填became。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：今天，女人的衣服包括衬衫，在许多国家，男人穿裙子是正常的。由空前的many可知应填名词的复数形式，作宾语。故填countries。
五、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共19分。
38. 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Kim将于下周访问你校，你想邀请他参与下周学校组织的“劳动实践周”（Labour Week）活动。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1. 邀请Kim参加活动；
2. 介绍活动目的和内容。
注意：
1. 词数 80 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Kim,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Kim,
It’s great to know you will visit our school next week and I’d like to invite you to join in the activity—Labour Week in our school.
The event, which will last a week as scheduled, is intended to raise our awareness of labour and remind us of how valuable and respectable hard work is. Various activities will be organized, ranging from planting vegetables on the school farm to sorting garbage in an eco-friendly way. Besides, each class will hold a meeting with the theme of a deeper reflection on this activity at the end of the week. I’m sure that you will enjoy this unforgettable experience and benefit a lot.
Wish you a good journey and hope to see you soon
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Kim写一封邮件，邀请他参与下周学校组织的“劳动实践周”活动，并介绍活动目的和内容。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
参加：join in→participate in/take part in
提高：raise→promote
此外：besides→what’s more
各种各样的：various→all kinds of/a variety of
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, each class will hold a meeting with the theme of a deeper reflection on this activity at the end of the week.
拓展句：Besides, each class will hold a meeting whose theme is a deeper reflection on this activity at the end of the week.
【点睛】[高分句型1]The event, which will last a week as scheduled, is intended to raise our awareness of labour and remind us of how valuable and respectable hard work is.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]I’m sure that you will enjoy this unforgettable experience and benefit a lot.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
