2023-2024学年高中英语必修第三册人教版（2019）易错专项训练：阅读理解（含答案与解析）
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| 名称 | 2023-2024学年高中英语必修第三册人教版（2019）易错专项训练：阅读理解（含答案与解析） |  | |
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2023-2024学年高中英语必修第三册人教版（2019）易错专项训练：阅读理解
Russia is launching a new module (舱) for the International Space Station(ISS), after more than a decade of delays. The Nauka module is set to lift off from Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on top of a Proton-M rocket at around 15:00 GMT today, along with a new robotic arm for the station created by the European Space Agency.
The ISS is composed of modules and equipment from different space agencies including Europe, Japan and Canada, but the major part of the station is composed of two main sections, a Russian part and a US part. At 13 meters long and weighing more than 20 tonnes, Nauka, also called the Multipurpose Laboratory Module, will be among the largest in Russia’s half.
After launch, Nauka will take eight days to reach the ISS. Once attached, it will act as a new centre for the Russian part of the station. “It’s a science laboratory, and it also provides a lot of important service systems,” says Anatoly Zak, editor of a website. Planned research includes biological and materials science experiments. “It’s a step in making the Russian part more independent (from the US part).” This includes a new toilet inside the module and sleeping rooms for the crew.
The launch of Nauka has been a long time coming, with construction of the module beginning in the 1990s. Technical and supply issues since then, such as the loss of components from Ukraine following the Russian annexation (兼并) of Crimea in 2014, have seen development stumble (蹒跚而行). “It’s much more complex than anything the Russian space programme has tried to build in the last few years,” says Zak. Russia’s last module — Rassvet — was carried to the ISS by a US spacecraft in 2010.
1．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us
A．The size of the ISS.
B．The major part of the ISS.
C．The formation of the ISS.
D．Some information about Nauka.
2．What can we say about Nauka
A．It will rely on the US section.
B．It is a comprehensive module.
C．It serves as a supporting module.
D．It will make the Russian part dependent.
3．Which of the following best describes Nauka
A．Eventful.
B．Pleasant.
C．Dangerous.
D．Costly.
4．What is the text mainly about
A．Ways of space exploration.
B．Meaning of Nauka to ISS.
C．Great functions of a launch.
D．Launch of a new module.
Now, Earth Day is celebrated around the world. We still face many challenges, such as climate change, plastic pollution, and deforestation. But we can all make a difference.
Her Trees Save Lives
Adeline Tiffanie Suwana was 12 when her family’s home flooded. Indonesia, her island nation, is often hit hard by floods and other natural disasters.
Adeline learned that mangrove trees play a key role in flood protection and rallied classmates to plant 200 trees during a school break. They started a group called Sahabat Alam or Friends of Nature, which works to conserve the region’s biodiversity and combat climate change.
Today. Adeline attends university, studying how businesses can help the environment.
Teens’ Two-Fold Invention
EPS—expanded polystyrene foam—is the white, lightweight stuff used to make things like takeout food containers, foam egg cartons, and packing “peanuts”. But it takes up a lot of space and is difficult to recycle. EPS breaks into small pieces as it floats down waterways into oceans, harming wildlife along the way.
Eighth-graders Julia Bray, Luke Clay, and Ashton Cofer looked at EPS’s chemical makeup and saw that it was mostly carbon. That sparked an idea. Could they turn it into activated carbon, a material that filters toxins from water
After 50 hours of experiments, including one that accidentally set the family grill fire, they succeeded!
Solar for Her School
When Claire Vlases of Montana was in seventh grade, she learned about plans to expand and modernize her middle school. Claire asked the school board to add solar panels to the project. The board liked the idea but said it could contribute just $25,000, one-fifth of the cost. So Claire organized a group of kids and adults who set to work raising the rest.
They asked for donations, even going door-to-door for them. And they appealed to charitable foundations too. One even donated half the cost!
After two years of hard work, the group paid for the solar panels, which now supply one-fourth of the school’s electricity needs.
5．What do the three groups of teenagers have in common
A．They are Earth-helping heroes. B．They are from island countries.
C．They are high school students. D．They are keen on experiments.
6．How much did one of the charitable organizations donate for solar panels
A．$25,000. B．$50,000. C．$62,500. D．$125,000.
7．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To give models for colorful school activities.
B．To explore the ways to deal with plastic pollution.
C．To inspire people to act for environmental problems.
D．To display the amazing power of effective cooperation.
In 2005, Calvin Echevarria was on top of his game. He had two jobs, bought a house and was raising a 3-year-old daughter with his wife. But suddenly, it felt like it was all taken away. He could no longer work as a FedEx driver because he developed diabetic retinopathy (视网膜病) and was going blind.
Calvin at first worked on developing independent living skills like walking with a stick. But he wanted to learn more — like skills that would be useful for a job. That’s when he found Lighthouse Works in Orlando, a company that creates jobs for the visually impaired (受损的) and blind.
“Seven out of ten people who are visually impaired are not in the workforce,” said Kyle Johnson, president and CEO of Lighthouse Works. “And we knew some blind people are highly educated. And they’re very capable people, who want to work and contribute. So, we created Lighthouse Works to help them do that.”
Calvin works in the call center, where Lighthouse Works has contracts with several clients, including the Florida Department of Economic Opportunity. In his job, Calvin uses a system called JAWS to “hear” the computer he uses. The system reads the computer screen to Calvin in one ear as he listens to a customer call in his other ear.
He said what makes his call center job fun is that the person on the other end of the phone doesn’t even know he’s blind. And he said working in a fully accessible office space, with other visually impaired people who can relate to him, is an added benefit.
“It gives me a purpose. It makes me feel better because I can actually be proud of myself, saying, ‘I provide for my family,’” he said.
8．What can be learned about Echevarria before he got diabetic retinopathy
A．He was the best worker in his company.
B．He was gifted at playing games.
C．He had to work hard to support his family.
D．He was satisfied with his life.
9．What is the purpose of Lighthouse Works
A．To make more profits. B．To do research on retinopathy.
C．To aid the visually impaired. D．To educate the visually impaired.
10．What is the function of JAWS in Calvin’s job
A．Making him “see” the computer screen.
B．Helping him hear the customer better.
C．Enabling him to locate customers easily.
D．Teaching him how to answer a customer.
11．Which of the following can best sum up Calvin’s story
A．It’s never too old to learn.
B．When God closes a door, he opens a window.
C．A journey of one thousand miles begins with one step.
D．A thousand miles of walking is better than ten years of reading.
Located deep in the mountains of Chong yang county of Hubei province, the Qingshan Reservoir (水库) looks like a river with many twists and turns.
For Wang Zhijun, a primary schoolteacher who has served the villages near the reservoir for 28 years, the river is an obstacle (障碍) to be overcome. He doubles as a ferryman to help students shuttle (往返) back and forth via boat.
A recent video of Wang went viral on social media and moved many.
He became a teacher at the primary school in Panshan village in 1995. With water in three directions, the village occupies a sort of peninsula (半岛), even though it’s high on Qingshan Mountain.
Wang travels 500 meters of mountain roads to carry water to the school for the students. He rows a boat to pick them up for school, and then he takes them home afterward. Wang said he had suffered many falls with the water buckets, but the ferry trips have always been safe.
With development of the local economy, Panshan Primary School merged with the Chichong Primary School on the opposite bank of the reservoir in 2017. Wang could drive to pick up most of the students, but a few depend on his boat.
He said he had been given several opportunities to get out of the area for better career development, but he felt responsible for the kids and stayed.
Panshan and Chichong villages together have more than 1, 000 residents. Wang is proud that 40 of his students eventually entered college. “My ultimate dream is to send them out from the mountains through education,” Wang said. Meanwhile, he is proud that six of the 40 college students returned to their hometown and became teachers themselves.
12．What does the underlined word “ultimate” in the last paragraph mean
A．Original. B．Unreasonable. C．Final. D．Unusual.
13．How can we best describe Wang Zhijun
A．Shy and depressed. B．Selfish and stubborn.
C．Cautious and sensitive. D．Devoted and considerate.
14．Which can be the best title for the news report
A．Teacher picks up kids by boat for 28 years
B．A talented teacher works at primary school
C．A common teacher makes great achievements in life
D．Teacher refuses opportunities of better career development
The day following Thanksgiving — commonly referred to as Black Friday — has become one of the busiest shopping days of the year in the United States.
It is believed by many that the term Black Friday comes from the concept that businesses operate at a financial loss, or are “in the red,” until the day after Thanksgiving, when massive sales finally allow them to turn a profit, or put them “in the black.” However, this is untrue.
A more accurate explanation of the term dates back to the early 1960s, when police officers in Philadelphia began using the phrase “Black Friday” to describe the mess that resulted when large numbers of suburban tourists came into the city to begin their holiday shopping and, in some years, attend Saturday’s annual Army-Navy football game. The huge crowds created a headache for the police, who worked longer than usual as they dealt with traffic jams, accidents, shoplifting, and other issues.
Within a few years, the term Black Friday had taken root in Philadelphia. City businessmen attempted to put a prettier face on the day by calling it “Big Friday.”
In more recent years, Black Friday has been followed by other shopping holidays, including Small Business Saturday, which encourages shoppers to visit local retailers, and Cyber Monday, which promotes shopping online. Giving Tuesday has also appeared to encourage charitable donations.
Historically, Black Friday has yet another meaning, one unrelated to shopping. In 1869 Wall Street financiers Jay Gould and Jim Fisk attempted to corner (垄断) the nation’s gold market at the New York Gold Exchange. On Friday, September 24, the government’s control caused their plan to fall apart, making thousands of Americans lose all their money.
15．What is the origin of the term Black Friday
A．Stores offered limited cheaper specials on all kinds of goods.
B．Businesses made money, which was “in the black.”
C．Suburban tourists made the policemen’s work harder.
D．Friday became the biggest shopping day in America.
16．Why is Black Friday also called Big Friday
A．On this day businessmen make big money. B．Customers buy a lot of goods this day.
C．City businessmen want to have prettier faces. D．Businessmen want to make the day sound lovely.
17．What is the purpose of celebrating Giving Tuesday
A．To call on people to make some donations for charity.
B．To encourage shoppers to visit local retailers.
C．To boost the development of online shopping.
D．To improve the profits and make the economy better.
18．What can be the best title for the text
A．When Is Black Friday Celebrated B．How Did Black Friday Get Its Name
C．Where Was Black Friday Celebrated D．What Are the Types of Shopping Holidays
When someone is homeless or trying to recover from a natural disaster, they are in great need of everyday goods. While people are often encouraged to donate canned goods, not everyone is thinking about things like shoes.
Of course, you can’t go looking for a new job or a home, if you have no shoes to walk in. One woman in Hays, Kansas took this into consideration, and found a great way to help hundreds of people.
Payless stores were going out of business, and shoes were selling for as little as $1 per pair, so a woman named Addy Tritt bought out all the remaining shoes at the Hays Payless store — more than 200 pairs and donated them to flood victims in Nebraska.
Those shoes were then sent to farmers in Nebraska by Fort Hays State University (FHSU). Tritt, who recently graduated from FHSU, wanted to “pay it forward”.
“I have been so lucky,” she said. “There have been so many great people in my life who have inspired me. I see so many terrible things in the news. So many people have helped me when I was down. They influenced me so much that I want to help if I can.”
Tritt has a history of kind acts. She has donated more than 60 bags of school supplies to Hays students, and organised a baby clothes drive and two supply drives for the animal shelter.
“I really feel I have been directed and guided to help people,” she said. “If you can do something for someone else, you need to find a way even if it is a pair of shoes.”
19．How did Tritt help flood victims
A．By buying shoes for them. B．By sending some food to them.
C．By helping them find new jobs. D．By selling shoes to raise money for them.
20．What does the underlined phrase “pay it forward” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Get extra support. B．Share news with others.
C．Pass on kindness. D．Put forward a plan.
21．What made Tritt begin to help others
A．FHSU’s education. B．Flood victims’ situations.
C．Other people’s kindness to her. D．Payless stores’ going out of business.
22．Which word can best describe Tritt
A．Brave. B．Easy-going.
C．Clever. D．Caring.
China’s tea culture has undergone dramatic, changes in recent years. The appearance of new-style teas can be traced back to the cheap roadside milk tea stands of the 1990s. Most of these drinks were made from powdered mixes and contained neither fresh milk nor fresh tea. The base ingredients weren’t updated until the arrival of Taiwan-based brands like CoCo and A Little Tea in the 2000s, leading to innovations such as “cheese tea”. These businesses started the “Milk Tea 2.0” era, transforming the milk tea business from a mixture of small stands into a standardized and fast-moving industry.
But even as the Taiwan-centric “Milk Tea 2.0” revolution was sweeping the world, the seeds of its next evolution were already sprouting (发芽) on the Chinese mainland. In 2012, a 21-year-oldman named Nie Yunchen opened a milk tea store in the small southern city of Jiangmen, where he sold milk tea. By 2020, Nie’s HeyTea had 695 stores worldwide; was worth an estimated, 16 billion yuan, and had attracted a large number of imitators.
The new brands made their mark, by offering a more diverse range of tea bases, often with extras like seasonal fruit sparkling water, cream cheese or nuts.
The viability (可行性) of this business model owes much to China’s widespread embrace of high-end consumerism. Jason Yu, general manager of the market research firm Kantar World panel China, told me that “mothers with refined tastes”, urban white-collar workers, and those born after 1990 are the main drivers of Chinas new-style tea market—and, more broadly, the consumer market as a whole. These groups tend to be defined by busywork and home lives, and they see upscale drinks like tea and coffee not only as a way to quench their thirst (解渴), but also as a source of comfort. In this sense, new-style teas are filling a psychological, rather than a physical need. Many tea brands are aware of this and they have sought to associate themselves with healthy and relaxed lifestyle through their marketing campaigns.
Another driver of new-style tea consumption, according to Yu, is the desire among young people to combine consumption with social activity. “The goal of consumption for this generation of consumers is socializing,” Yu, said “You rarely see a person drinking Hey Tea by himself.”
23．How were new-style teas influenced by Taiwan-based brands
A．These brands gave them a new name.
B．These brands changed their ingredients.
C．These brands in proved-their marketing.
D．These brands made them a healthier drink.
24．What can We learn about Nie’s HeyTea
A．It can compete with “Milk Tea 2.0”. B．It is targeted at high-income groups.
C．It has a good market at home and abroad. D．It gradually develops the domestic market.
25．How do many tea brands advertise their products
A．By improving the brand image. B．By stressing their relaxing effect.
C．By showing their nutritious value. D．By comparing them with other products.
26．What makes new-style teas popular with young people according to Yu
A．The low price. B．Their rich variety.
C．The chance to socialize. D．Their desire To show off.
I thought I was ready for the challenges of graduate school. However, when I left Nepal to pursue my PhD in a new country, I felt as if I had dropped into an enormous ocean. Instead of being the outgoing person I had been, I suddenly became a shy girl. What’s worse, my research wasn’t progressing, leading me to put in more fruitless hours.
Just then, a friend asked what I would do if I had an extra hour every day. Without hesitation, I said I would use it to help others. After that conversation, I began to search online for volunteer opportunities. Luckily, a local organization that drives old people to stores and appointments was looking for volunteers. I thought it might be just what I needed.
I was a bit anxious before my first ride because I hadn’t interacted much with people outside school. However, my nerves quickly calmed when I picked up an old woman on her way to the supermarket. She was bemused to see a young foreign driver and was full of questions about my background. She shared with me how thankful she was to go shopping and get some fresh air. Connections like these and the smiles on my passenger’ faces motivated me to continue driving.
Sharing stories with my passengers was rewarding. Seeing how eager they were to spend time out inspired me to think about how to spend my time. My previously challenging schedule began to feel manageable. As my confidence grew, I began telling my fellow students about the ups and downs in my research and I was surprised to discover that we were in the same boat. As these connections grew, my personality began to reappear.
I’m now close to completing my degree but still facing challenges. My adviser moved to a different university. I’m working to publish my research while also applying for jobs. But these hurdles (难关) now seem easy. I’m really proud of who I have become, and I continue to reflect on how I’m using the most valuable thing in life: my time.
27．What happened to the author at first when studying in a new country
A．Her research was denied by her adviser.
B．She was once dropped into an ocean.
C．She was overcome by her shortcomings.
D．She failed to adapt to the new environment.
28．What did the author volunteer to do
A．Drive for the disabled. B．Fund a local organization.
C．Serve the old citizens. D．Go shopping with the old.
29．What does the underlined word “bemused” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Confused. B．Frightened. C．Embarrassed. D．Disappointed.
30．What effect did volunteering have on the author
A．Her eagerness to spend timeout was aroused.
B．She regained her confidence and personality.
C．She became more connected with her parents.
D．She became interested in sharing her stories.
Disney movies are the bread and butter of many people’s childhoods. We’ve put together a list of the most unforgettable Disney movies to watch with the kids… or alone.
Rodger’s & Hammerstein’s Cinderella
This movie was groundbreaking when it was first released in 1997, and not just for casting musical icon Whitney Houston in the role of the fairy godmother. Singer Brandy was the first Black actress to ever play the role of Cinderella on-screen, paving the way for more diversity in Hollywood productions of classic fairytale stories.
Treasure Planet
Released in 2002, this movie remains one of Disney’s hidden gems to this day. A family-friendly sci-fi take on the classic Robert Louis Stevenson book, Treasure Island, this film is full of heart and humour. It is definitely worth a watch and will be just as popular with little girls as it is with little boys, and there are a few hidden jokes just for the grown-ups.
The Fox and The Hound
This animated classic still brings tears to the eyes of some grown adults. The 1981 Disney movie is a surprisingly moving coming of age story that really cuts to the core of what it feels like to grow up and grow apart. Kids will adore the cute animation style, sweet friendship moments and beautiful score. As for the adults, you may want to keep the tissues handy for the final act.
Brother Bear
The last entry on our list comes from 2003 and was one of the last 2D animated films Disney ever released. The kids will love the comedic moments and don’t worry, there are plenty of jokes that will have parents chuckling too. Make sure to keep some tissues nearby though, as there are several moments that will definitely leave you teary.
31．Why is Rodger’s & Hammerstein’s Cinderella groundbreaking
A．It’s very popular among both kids and adults.
B．Its theme song was played by some big names.
C．It’s adapted from a story that is full of humour.
D．Its cast list added diversity to Hollywood films.
32．Which film is equally attractive to both boys and girls
A．Brother Bear. B．Treasure Planet.
C．The Fox and The Hound. D．Rodger’s & Hammerstein’s Cinderella.
33．What do The Fox and The Hound and Brother Bear have in common
A．There are some popular sci-fi elements in the main plot.
B．They are animated films that will move audience to tears.
C．There are some hidden jokes that will likely amuse adults.
D．They are among the last 2D animated films in the 21st century.
Ada Palmer is a professor of European history at the University of Chicago. Her science-fiction series, Terra Ignota, was inspired by 18th-century philosophers such as Voltaire and Diderot. “I wanted to write a story that Voltaire might have written if Voltaire had be enable to read the last 70 years’ worth of science fiction and have all of those tools available (可获得的) for his use,” Palmer says in a radio program called Geek’s Guide to the Galaxy.
Palmer says that Voltaire could actually be considered the first sci-fic writer, thanks to a place he wrote in 1752. “Voltaire has a short story called Micromégas, in which an alien from Saturn and an alien from a star near Sirius come to Earth. They are extremely big in size. They explore Earth and have trouble finding life forms because to them a whale is the size of a flea (跳蚤)”, she says. They eventually realize that the tiny little spot of wood on the ground is a ship, and it’s full of living things, including humans, and they make contact. So it’s a first-contact story.
Mary Shelley’s 1818 novel Frankenstein is often considered the first sci-fi novel. Voltaire was writing much earlier than Shelley, so should he have the title instead It depends on your definition (定义) of science fiction. “Micromégas doesn’t involve technology,” Palmer says, “so if you define science fiction as depending upon technology—and being about, in the Frankenstein sense. Is man’s knowledge giving us access to powers beyond what we’ve had before What does that mean ’—it isn’t asking that. But ‘aliens and first contact’ is a very significant science fictional element.”
So there’s no obvious answer to the question of who should be considered the first sci-fi writer. Palmer says it’s more important to ask the question than to arrive at any particular answer. “I don’t want to argue, ‘Yes, definitely, everybody’s histories of science fiction should start with Voltaire,” she says. “But I do want to argue that everybody’s histories of science fiction will be richer by discussing whether Voltaire is the beginning of science fiction, or whether it’s earlier or whether it’s later. Because that gets at the question of what science fiction is.”
34．What do we know about Micromégas according to the text
A．It is widely accepted as a science-fiction story.
B．It has a big influence on today’s science fiction.
C．Its main characters have trouble finding humans.
D．Its content is about humans’ exploration of space.
35．Why does Ada Palmer regard Voltaire as a sci-fi writer
A．One of his stories focuses on technology. B．His story involves aliens from other planets.
C．He described human-alien contact in a story. D．Her science fiction was inspired by his writing.
36．What does Ada Palmer really want to discuss when it comes to science fiction
A．Its true origin. B．What it can cover.
C．Its colourful expressions. D．Why it is interesting.
37．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Ada Palmer and science fiction. B．Was Voltaire the first sci-fi author
C．Technology’s role in science fiction. D．What is science fiction really about
参考答案：
1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了俄罗斯把一个新的太空舱发射到国际空间站。
1．段落大意题。根据第二段中的“The ISS is composed of modules and equipment from different space agencies including Europe, Japan and Canada, but the major part of the station is composed of two main sections, a Russian part and a US part.(国际空间站由来自欧洲、日本和加拿大等不同航天机构的太空舱和设备组成，但空间站的主要部分由两个主要部分组成，一个是俄罗斯部分，另一个是美国部分。)”可知，本段主要介绍了国际空间站的组成情况。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“‘It’s a science laboratory, and it also provides a lot of important service systems,’ says Anatoly Zak, editor of a website.(“这是一个科学实验室，它还提供了许多重要的服务系统，”一家网站的编辑Anatoly Zak说。)”可知，Nauka集科研与服务为一体，由此可推测出，这是一个综合性太空舱。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The launch of Nauka has been a long time coming, with construction of the module beginning in the 1990s. Technical and supply issues since then, such as the loss of components from Ukraine following the Russian annexation (兼并) of Crimea in 2014, have seen development stumble (蹒跚而行). (Nauka的开始已经有很长一段时间了，太空舱建设始于20世纪90年代。自那以后，技术和供应问题，如2014年俄罗斯吞并克里米亚后乌克兰部件的损失，导致发展受挫。)”可知，Nauka太空舱的建设始于20世纪90年代，但它经历了许多问题，导致发展受挫，由此可推测出，Nauka历经变故，eventful意为“多变故的”。故选A。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇新闻报道，根据第一段首句“Russia is launching a new module(舱) for the International Space Station(ISS), after more than a decade of delays.(经过十多年的拖延，俄罗斯正在为国际空间站发射一个新的太空舱。)”可知，本文主要讲述了俄罗斯把一个新的太空舱发射到国际空间站。故选D。
5．A 6．C 7．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍一些学生形成组织为保护地球做出的事迹。
5．推理判断题。由文章第一段“Now, Earth Day is celebrated around the world. We still face many challenges, such as climate change, plastic pollution, and deforestation. But we can all make a difference.(现在，世界各地都在庆祝地球日。我们仍然面临许多挑战，如气候变化、塑料污染和森林砍伐。但我们都可以有所作为。)”以及下文可知，文章主要介绍一些学生形成组织为保护地球做出的事迹。所以本文中的青少年都是保护地球的英雄们。故选A项。
6．细节理解题。由文章Solar for Her School中“Claire asked the school board to add solar panels to the project. The board liked the idea but said it could contribute just $25,000, one-fifth of the cost. (克莱尔要求学校董事会为该项目增加太阳能电池板。董事会喜欢这个想法，但表示只能出资25000美元，即成本的五分之一。)”以及“They asked for donations, even going door-to-door for them. And they appealed to charitable foundations too. One even donated half the cost!(他们要求捐款，甚至挨家挨户地为他们募捐。他们也呼吁慈善基金会。其中一个慈善基金会甚至捐出了一半的费用！)”可知，总共费用需要25,000*5=125,000，其中一半是65,000。故选C项。
7．推理判断题。由文章第一段“Now, Earth Day is celebrated around the world. We still face many challenges, such as climate change, plastic pollution, and deforestation. But we can all make a difference.(现在，世界各地都在庆祝地球日。我们仍然面临许多挑战，如气候变化、塑料污染和森林砍伐。但我们都可以有所作为。)”以及下文可知，文章主要介绍一些学生形成组织为保护地球做出的事迹。所以这篇文章举例展示有效合作的惊人力量。故选C项。
8．D 9．C 10．A 11．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍一位突然失明的父亲想要找到一份工作供养家庭，最终在Lighthouse Works达成所愿，并且工作出色。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段“In 2005, Calvin Echevarria was on top of his game. He had two jobs, bought a house and was raising a 3-year-old daughter with his wife. But suddenly, it felt like it was all taken away. He could no longer work as a FedEx driver because he developed diabetic retinopathy (视网膜病) and was going blind. (2005年，卡尔文·埃切瓦里亚（Calvin Echevarria）在生活中处于巅峰。他有两份工作，买了一套房子，和妻子一起抚养一个3岁的女儿。但突然间，感觉一切都被夺走了。他不能再做联邦快递司机了，因为他得了糖尿病视网膜病变，快要失明了。)”可知，Echevarria在患病之前生活满意。故选D。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“That’s when he found Lighthouse Works in Orlando, a company that creates jobs for the visually impaired (受损的) and blind.(就在那时，他在奥兰多找到了灯塔工厂，一家为视力受损的人和盲人创造就业机会的公司。)”及第三段““Seven out of ten people who are visually impaired are not in the workforce,” said Kyle Johnson, president and CEO of Lighthouse Works. “And we knew some blind people are highly educated. And they’re very capable people, who want to work and contribute. So, we created Lighthouse Works to help them do that.”(‘十分之七的视力受损的人没有工作。’Lighthouse Works总裁兼首席执行官凯尔 约翰逊（Kyle Johnson）表示：‘我们知道，一些盲人是受过高等教育的。他们是非常有能力的人，想要工作和贡献。所以，我们创建了Lighthouse Works来帮助他们做到这一点。’)”可知，Kyle Johnson创建Lighthouse Works是为了帮助视力受损的人，给他们提供工作机会，让他们进入劳动力市场。故选C。
10．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“In his job, Calvin uses a system called JAWS to “hear” the computer he uses. The system reads the computer screen to Calvin in one ear as he listens to a customer call in his other ear. (在他的工作中，卡尔文使用一个叫做JAWS的系统来‘听’他使用的电脑。当卡尔文用一只耳朵听客户电话时，系统把电脑屏幕的信息读给他听。)”可推知，JAWS的功能是读电脑屏幕上的信息给他听，也就是帮助他“看”电脑，弄清楚电脑上的信息。故选A。
11．推理判断题。通读全文，特别是第二段“Calvin at first worked on developing independent living skills like walking with a stick. But he wanted to learn more—like skills that would be useful for a job. That’s when he found Lighthouse Works in Orlando, a company that creates jobs for the visually impaired (受损的) and blind. (卡尔文起初致力于培养独立生活技能，比如用拐杖走路。但他想学习更多对工作有用的技能。就在那时，他在奥兰多创立了Lighthouse Works，一家为视障人士和盲人创造就业机会的公司。)”可推知，本文讲述了一位突然失明的父亲想要找到一份工作供养家庭，最终在Lighthouse Works达成所愿，并且工作出色。因此推断B项“当上帝关上一扇门时，他会打开一扇窗。”诠释了这个故事。故选B。
12．C 13．D 14．A
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。介绍了王志军老师28年来在盘山村小学任教同时还兼任摆渡人接送学生上学和回家的感人事迹，歌颂了王老师高尚的品格。
12．词义猜测题。根据最后一段第二句“ Wang is proud that 40 of his students eventually entered college.”（王老师非常自豪，他有40名学生最终考入了大学。）及第三句“to send them out from the mountains through education”（通过教育把他们从山里送出去）可知，通过教育把孩子们从山里送出去是王志军作为教师的最终梦想，ultimate和final意思相同，意为“最终的”。故选C项。
13．推理判断题。根据第五段“Wang travels 500 meters of mountain roads to carry water to the school for the students. He rows a boat to pick them up for school, and then he takes them home afterward. Wang said he had suffered many falls with the water buckets, but the ferry trips have always been safe.”（王老师走了500米山路为学生们送水到学校。他划船去接他们上学，然后带他们回家。他说，他用水桶摔了很多次，但渡船一直都很安全。）及第七段“He said he had been given several opportunities to get out of the area for better career development, but he felt responsible for the kids and stayed.”（他说，为了更好的职业发展，他得到了几个离开该地区的机会，但他觉得自己对孩子们有责任，所以留下来了。）可知，王志军老师给学生送水并送学生安全地上学和回家体现了他的体贴，他为了学生的发展放弃了自己的发展机会体现了他的奉献精神。故选D项。
14．主旨大意题。根据第二段“For Wang Zhijun, a primary school teacher who has served the villages near the reservoir for 28 years, the river is an obstacle to be overcome. He doubles as a ferryman to help students shuttle back and forth via boat.”（王志军是一名小学教师，在水库附近的村庄服务了28年，对他来说，这条河是一个需要克服的障碍。他兼任摆渡人，帮助学生们乘船来回穿梭。）并结合后文王老师对学生的付出可知，本文主要讲述了王志军老师28年来在盘山村小学任教同时还兼任摆渡人接送学生上学和回家的感故事。故选A项。
15．C 16．D 17．A 18．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了“黑色星期五”这一词的来源以及其他含义。
15．细节理解题。根据第三段“A more accurate explanation of the term dates back to the early 1960s, when police officers in Philadelphia began using the phrase “Black Friday” to describe the mess that resulted when large numbers of suburban tourists came into the city to begin their holiday shopping and, in some years, attend Saturday’s annual Army-Navy football game.(对这个词更准确的解释可以追溯到20世纪60年代初，当时费城的警察开始用“黑色星期五”这个词来形容大量郊区游客进入城市开始假日购物，有时还会参加周六一年一度的陆军-海军橄榄球比赛，造成的混乱)”可知，黑色星期五这个词的起源是郊区的游客使警察的工作更加困难。故选C。
16．细节理解题。根据第四段“City businessmen attempted to put a prettier face on the day by calling it “Big Friday.(城市的商人们试图通过称之为“大星期五”来美化这一天)”可知，黑色星期五也被称为大星期五是因为商人想让这一天听起来很可爱。故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Giving Tuesday has also appeared to encourage charitable donations.(“周二捐赠”似乎也鼓励了慈善捐款)”可知，庆祝“给予星期二”的目的是号召人们为慈善事业捐款。故选A。
18．主旨大意题。根据第二段“It is believed by many that the term Black Friday comes from the concept that businesses operate at a financial loss, or are “in the red,” until the day after Thanksgiving, when massive sales finally allow them to turn a profit, or put them “in the black.” However, this is untrue.(许多人认为，“黑色星期五”一词来自这样一个概念，即企业在财务亏损或“亏损”的情况下经营，直到感恩节后的第二天，大规模的销售最终使他们扭亏为盈，或使他们“盈利”。然而，这不是真的)”结合文章主要说明了“黑色星期五”这一词的来源以及其他含义。可知，B选项“黑色星期五的名字是怎么来的？”最符合文章标题。故选B。
19．A 20．C 21．C 22．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Addy Tritt向内布拉斯加州地区受洪水影响的灾民捐赠了200多双鞋子，她希望能将善行传递下去。
19．细节理解题。根据第三段“Payless stores were going out of business, and shoes were selling for as little as $1 per pair, so a woman named Addy Tritt bought out all the remaining shoes at the Hays Payless store—more than 200 pairs and donated them to flood victims in Nebraska.(Payless store商店即将倒闭，每双鞋的售价仅为1美元，因此一位名叫Addy Tritt的女士买下了Payless海斯店剩下的200多双鞋，并将其捐赠给内布拉斯加州的洪水受害者。)”可知，Addy Tritt为洪水受害者买了鞋子。故选A。
20．短语猜测题。根据第五段中的“So many people have helped me when I was down. They influenced me so much that I want to help if I can.(在我情绪低落的时候，有很多人帮助了我。他们对我影响很大，如果可以的话，我想提出帮助。)”可知，Addy Tritt接受了别人的帮助，受到这些人的影响，她也想帮助别人，由此可推测出，pay it forward意为“知恩图报”，与C项“传递善意”意思最接近。故选C。
21．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“So many people have helped me when I was down. They influenced me so much that I want to help if I can.(在我情绪低落的时候，有很多人帮助了我。他们对我影响很大，如果可以的话，我想提出帮助。)”可知，其他人对她的善意让她开始去帮助他人。故选C。
22．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“They influenced me so much that I want to help if I can.(他们对我影响很大，如果可以的话，我想提出帮助。)”、第六段“Tritt has a history of kind acts. She has donated more than 60 bags of school supplies to Hays students, and organised a baby clothes drive and two supply drives for the animal shelter.(Tritt有做善行的历史。她向海斯的学生捐赠了60多袋学习用品，并组织了一次婴儿服装运动以及为动物收容所组织了两次补给运动。)”等可知，Tritt乐于帮助人和动物，由此可推测出，她内心充满关怀。故选D。
23．B 24．C 25．B 26．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是21世纪的新茶饮文化。
23．推理判断题。根据首段中的“The base ingredients weren’t updated until the arrival of Taiwan-based brands like CoCo and A Little Tea in the 2000s, leading to innovations such as “cheese tea”.(直到21世纪初，CoCo和A Little Tea等台湾品牌的到来，基础成分才得以更新，从而产生了“奶酪茶”等创新。)”可知，台湾一些品牌的到来之前，基础的奶茶配料没有被改变，由此可知，一些台湾奶茶品牌的到来改变了之前奶茶的基本配料。故选B项。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“By 2020, Nie’s HeyTea had 695 stores worldwide; was worth an estimated, 16 billion yuan, and had attracted a large number of imitators.(到2020年，聂的喜茶在全球拥有695家门店；估计价值160亿元，并吸引了大量的模仿者。)”可知，到 2020年，喜茶在全球有 695家门店，并且吸引了大量的模仿者，由此推知，它在国内外都有很好的市场。故选C项。
25．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Many tea brands are aware of this and they have sought to associate themselves with healthy and relaxed lifestyle through their marketing campaigns.(许多茶叶品牌都意识到了这一点，他们试图通过营销活动将自己与健康和轻松的生活方式联系起来。)”可知，很多茶饮品牌将自己与健康轻松的生活方式联系在一起，即通过强调茶饮的放松效果来做广告推广。故选B项。
26．细节理解题。根据尾段中的““The goal of consumption for this generation of consumers is socializing,” Yu, said “You rarely see a person drinking Hey Tea by himself.”(“这一代消费者的消费目标是社交，” Yu说，“你很少看到一个人独自喝喜茶。”)”可知，Yu认为这一代消费者的消费目标是社交，由此可知，年轻人之所以消费这类茶饮，是为了社交。故选C。
27．D 28．C 29．A 30．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是作者的志愿者经历对作者的影响。
27．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However, when I left Nepal to pursue my PhD in a new country, I felt as if I had dropped into an enormous ocean. Instead of being the outgoing person I had been, I suddenly became a shy girl. What’s worse, my research wasn’t progressing, leading me to put in more fruitless hours.(然而，当我离开尼泊尔到一个新的国家攻读博士学位时，我觉得自己好像掉进了一个巨大的海洋。我不再是以前那个外向的人了，我突然变成了一个害羞的女孩。更糟糕的是，我的研究没有进展，导致我投入了更多毫无结果的时间)”可知，作者来到一个新的国家读博士学位之后，原本外向的性格却变得内向，而且研究没有取得进展，浪费了很多时间。由此可知，作者一开始不是很适应新环境。故选D项。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Luckily, a local organization that drives old people to stores and appointments was looking for volunteers. I thought it might be just what I needed.(幸运的是，当地的一个组织正在寻找志愿者，他们开车送老人去商店和约会。我想这可能正是我需要的)”可知，作者找到的志愿者工作是开车送老人去商店和赴约，也就是为老年市民服务。故选C项。
29．词句猜测题。划线词后的“to see a young foreign driver and was full of questions about my background.(看到一个年轻的外国司机，对我的背景充满了疑问)”为不定式短语作原因状语。由此推知，这位老妇人之所以会对作者的背景提出了各种各样的问题，是因为她看见了一个年轻的外国司机而感到困惑不解。由此可知，划线词bemused的意思与confused“困惑的”意义相近。故选A项。
30．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“As my confidence grew, I began telling my fellow students about the ups and downs in my research and I was surprised to discover that we were in the same boat. As these connections grew, my personality began to reappear.(随着我信心的增长，我开始告诉同学们我研究中的起起落落，我惊讶地发现我们在同一条船上。随着这些联系的发展，我的个性开始重新显现)”可知，志愿者工作之后，作者的信心在增长，开始与同学进行交流沟通，而且随着沟通的进行，作者的个性也开始重新显现。由此可知，志愿者工作让作者重获自信和个性。故选B项。
31．D 32．B 33．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四部令人难忘的迪士尼电影。
31．细节理解题。根据Rodger’s & Hammerstein’s Cinderella中“This movie was groundbreaking when it was first released in 1997, and not just for casting musical icon Whitney Houston in the role of the fairy godmother. Singer Brandy was the first Black actress to ever play the role of Cinderella on-screen, paving the way for more diversity in Hollywood productions of classic fairytale stories. (这部电影在1997年首次上映时就具有开创性，不仅仅是因为音乐界的偶像惠特妮·休斯顿出演了仙女教母这个角色。歌手布兰迪是第一位在银幕上扮演灰姑娘的黑人女演员，为好莱坞制作更多样的经典童话故事铺平了道路)”可知，这部电影的开创性在于其演员阵容包括了黑人女演员，增加了好莱坞电影的多样性。故选D项。
32．细节理解题。根据Treasure Planet中“It is definitely worth a watch and will be just as popular with little girls as it is with little boys, and there are a few hidden jokes just for the grown-ups. (这部电影绝对值得一看，在小女孩和小男孩中都很受欢迎，其中有一些隐藏的笑话是专为成年人准备的)”可知，这部电影对男孩和女孩都有吸引力。故选B项。
33．细节理解题。根据The Fox and The Hound中“This animated classic still brings tears to the eyes of some grown adults. The 1981 Disney movie is a surprisingly moving coming of age story that really cuts to the core of what it feels like to grow up and grow apart. (这部经典动画至今仍令一些成年人热泪盈眶。这部1981年的迪士尼电影是一个令人惊讶的感人成长故事，真正触及了成长和分离感受的核心)”和Brother Bear中“The last entry on our list comes from 2003 and was one of the last 2D animated films Disney ever released. (我们榜单上的最后一部电影来自2003年，是迪士尼发行的最后一部2D动画电影)”“Make sure to keep some tissues nearby though, as there are several moments that will definitely leave you teary. (但一定要在身边准备一些纸巾，因为有几个时刻肯定会让你流泪)”可知，这两部动画电影的共同之处在于它们都很感人，会让观众落泪。故选B项。
34．C 35．C 36．C 37．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。该文报道了芝加哥大学教授Ada Palmer受18世纪哲学家伏尔泰启发写作的科幻系列作品，并讨论了关于谁是第一位科幻作家的问题。
34．细节理解题。根据第二段“Voltaire has a short story called Micromégas, in which an alien from Saturn and an alien from a star near Sirius come to Earth. They are extremely big in size. They explore Earth and have trouble finding life forms because to them a whale is the size of a flea (跳蚤), she says. “They eventually realize that the tiny little spot of wood on the ground is a ship, and it’s full of living things, including humans, and they make contact.(伏尔泰有一个短篇故事叫《Micromégas》，讲的是一个来自土星的外星人和一个来自天狼星附近恒星的外星人来到地球。它们的体型非常大。她说，他们探索地球，却很难找到生命形式，因为对他们来说，鲸鱼只有跳蚤那么大。他们最终意识到，地面上那一小块木头是一艘船，船上满是生物，包括人类，他们接触了)”可知，从文章中可知《Micromégas》的主角很难找到人类。故选C项。
35．细节理解题。根据第三段“Micromégas doesn’t involve technology,” Palmer says, “so if you define science fiction as depending upon technology—and being about, in the Frankenstein sense, Is man’s knowledge giving us access to powers beyond what we’ve had before What does that mean ’—it isn’t asking that. But ‘aliens and first contact’ is a very significant science fictional element.(“Micromégas并不涉及技术，”帕尔默说，“所以如果你把科幻小说定义为依赖于技术，并且是关于弗兰肯斯坦那种意义上的：人类的知识是否给予我们比以前更强大的力量？那意味着什么？——它并未涉及这一点。但“外星人和首次接触”是一个非常重要的科幻元素。”)”可知，帕尔默认为“外星人和首次接触”是一个非常重要的科幻元素，所以认为Micromégas是科幻小说，从而认为伏尔泰是一位科幻作家。故选C项。
36．推理判断题。根据最后一段“So there’s no obvious answer to the question of who should be considered the first sci-fi writer. Palmer says it’s more important to ask the question than to arrive at any particular answer. “I don’t want to argue, ‘Yes, definitely, everybody’s histories of science fiction should start with Voltaire,” she says. “But I do want to argue that everybody’s histories of science fiction will be richer by discussing whether Voltaire is the beginning of science fiction, or whether it’s earlier or whether it’s later. Because that gets at the question of what science fiction is.”(所以，谁应该被认为是第一个科幻作家这个问题没有明确的答案。帕尔默说，提出问题比得到特定的答案更重要。“我不想争辩，‘是的，当然，每个人的科幻小说历史都应该从伏尔泰开始，’”她说。“但我确实想说，通过讨论伏尔泰是否是科幻小说的开端，或者是更早还是更晚，每个人的科幻历史都会更丰富。因为这触及了什么是科幻小说的问题。”)”可知，谈到科幻小说，阿达·帕尔默认为提出问题比得到特定的答案更重要，通过讨论问题让每个人的科幻历史都会更丰富，说明她更希望多元化的讨论和表达，而不是为科幻小说或者谁是第一个科幻小说家下定义。故选C项。
37．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Palmer says that Voltaire could actually be considered the first sci-fic writer, thanks to a place he wrote in 1752.( 帕尔默说，伏尔泰实际上可以被认为是第一位科学作家，这要归功于他在1752年写的一篇文章)”以及第三段“Mary Shelley’s 1818 novel Frankenstein is often considered the first sci-fi novel. Voltaire was writing much earlier than Shelley, so should he have the title instead ( 玛丽·雪莱1818年的小说《弗兰肯斯坦》通常被认为是第一部科幻小说。伏尔泰写作的时间比雪莱早得多，那么他应该被冠以这个头衔吗 )”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讨论了伏尔泰是不是第一个科幻作家，以及通过讨论这个问题，能给读者带来的好处，所以B项“Was Voltaire the first sci-fi author (伏尔泰是第一个科幻作家吗 )”是本文最好的标题。故选B项。
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2023-2024学年高中英语必修第三册人教版（2019）易错专项训练：阅读理解
Russia is launching a new module (舱) for the International Space Station(ISS), after more than a decade of delays. The Nauka module is set to lift off from Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on top of a Proton-M rocket at around 15:00 GMT today, along with a new robotic arm for the station created by the European Space Agency.
The ISS is composed of modules and equipment from different space agencies including Europe, Japan and Canada, but the major part of the station is composed of two main sections, a Russian part and a US part. At 13 meters long and weighing more than 20 tonnes, Nauka, also called the Multipurpose Laboratory Module, will be among the largest in Russia’s half.
After launch, Nauka will take eight days to reach the ISS. Once attached, it will act as a new centre for the Russian part of the station. “It’s a science laboratory, and it also provides a lot of important service systems,” says Anatoly Zak, editor of a website. Planned research includes biological and materials science experiments. “It’s a step in making the Russian part more independent (from the US part).” This includes a new toilet inside the module and sleeping rooms for the crew.
The launch of Nauka has been a long time coming, with construction of the module beginning in the 1990s. Technical and supply issues since then, such as the loss of components from Ukraine following the Russian annexation (兼并) of Crimea in 2014, have seen development stumble (蹒跚而行). “It’s much more complex than anything the Russian space programme has tried to build in the last few years,” says Zak. Russia’s last module — Rassvet — was carried to the ISS by a US spacecraft in 2010.
1．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us
A．The size of the ISS.
B．The major part of the ISS.
C．The formation of the ISS.
D．Some information about Nauka.
2．What can we say about Nauka
A．It will rely on the US section.
B．It is a comprehensive module.
C．It serves as a supporting module.
D．It will make the Russian part dependent.
3．Which of the following best describes Nauka
A．Eventful.
B．Pleasant.
C．Dangerous.
D．Costly.
4．What is the text mainly about
A．Ways of space exploration.
B．Meaning of Nauka to ISS.
C．Great functions of a launch.
D．Launch of a new module.
Now, Earth Day is celebrated around the world. We still face many challenges, such as climate change, plastic pollution, and deforestation. But we can all make a difference.
Her Trees Save Lives
Adeline Tiffanie Suwana was 12 when her family’s home flooded. Indonesia, her island nation, is often hit hard by floods and other natural disasters.
Adeline learned that mangrove trees play a key role in flood protection and rallied classmates to plant 200 trees during a school break. They started a group called Sahabat Alam or Friends of Nature, which works to conserve the region’s biodiversity and combat climate change.
Today. Adeline attends university, studying how businesses can help the environment.
Teens’ Two-Fold Invention
EPS—expanded polystyrene foam—is the white, lightweight stuff used to make things like takeout food containers, foam egg cartons, and packing “peanuts”. But it takes up a lot of space and is difficult to recycle. EPS breaks into small pieces as it floats down waterways into oceans, harming wildlife along the way.
Eighth-graders Julia Bray, Luke Clay, and Ashton Cofer looked at EPS’s chemical makeup and saw that it was mostly carbon. That sparked an idea. Could they turn it into activated carbon, a material that filters toxins from water
After 50 hours of experiments, including one that accidentally set the family grill fire, they succeeded!
Solar for Her School
When Claire Vlases of Montana was in seventh grade, she learned about plans to expand and modernize her middle school. Claire asked the school board to add solar panels to the project. The board liked the idea but said it could contribute just $25,000, one-fifth of the cost. So Claire organized a group of kids and adults who set to work raising the rest.
They asked for donations, even going door-to-door for them. And they appealed to charitable foundations too. One even donated half the cost!
After two years of hard work, the group paid for the solar panels, which now supply one-fourth of the school’s electricity needs.
5．What do the three groups of teenagers have in common
A．They are Earth-helping heroes. B．They are from island countries.
C．They are high school students. D．They are keen on experiments.
6．How much did one of the charitable organizations donate for solar panels
A．$25,000. B．$50,000. C．$62,500. D．$125,000.
7．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To give models for colorful school activities.
B．To explore the ways to deal with plastic pollution.
C．To inspire people to act for environmental problems.
D．To display the amazing power of effective cooperation.
In 2005, Calvin Echevarria was on top of his game. He had two jobs, bought a house and was raising a 3-year-old daughter with his wife. But suddenly, it felt like it was all taken away. He could no longer work as a FedEx driver because he developed diabetic retinopathy (视网膜病) and was going blind.
Calvin at first worked on developing independent living skills like walking with a stick. But he wanted to learn more — like skills that would be useful for a job. That’s when he found Lighthouse Works in Orlando, a company that creates jobs for the visually impaired (受损的) and blind.
“Seven out of ten people who are visually impaired are not in the workforce,” said Kyle Johnson, president and CEO of Lighthouse Works. “And we knew some blind people are highly educated. And they’re very capable people, who want to work and contribute. So, we created Lighthouse Works to help them do that.”
Calvin works in the call center, where Lighthouse Works has contracts with several clients, including the Florida Department of Economic Opportunity. In his job, Calvin uses a system called JAWS to “hear” the computer he uses. The system reads the computer screen to Calvin in one ear as he listens to a customer call in his other ear.
He said what makes his call center job fun is that the person on the other end of the phone doesn’t even know he’s blind. And he said working in a fully accessible office space, with other visually impaired people who can relate to him, is an added benefit.
“It gives me a purpose. It makes me feel better because I can actually be proud of myself, saying, ‘I provide for my family,’” he said.
8．What can be learned about Echevarria before he got diabetic retinopathy
A．He was the best worker in his company.
B．He was gifted at playing games.
C．He had to work hard to support his family.
D．He was satisfied with his life.
9．What is the purpose of Lighthouse Works
A．To make more profits. B．To do research on retinopathy.
C．To aid the visually impaired. D．To educate the visually impaired.
10．What is the function of JAWS in Calvin’s job
A．Making him “see” the computer screen.
B．Helping him hear the customer better.
C．Enabling him to locate customers easily.
D．Teaching him how to answer a customer.
11．Which of the following can best sum up Calvin’s story
A．It’s never too old to learn.
B．When God closes a door, he opens a window.
C．A journey of one thousand miles begins with one step.
D．A thousand miles of walking is better than ten years of reading.
Located deep in the mountains of Chong yang county of Hubei province, the Qingshan Reservoir (水库) looks like a river with many twists and turns.
For Wang Zhijun, a primary schoolteacher who has served the villages near the reservoir for 28 years, the river is an obstacle (障碍) to be overcome. He doubles as a ferryman to help students shuttle (往返) back and forth via boat.
A recent video of Wang went viral on social media and moved many.
He became a teacher at the primary school in Panshan village in 1995. With water in three directions, the village occupies a sort of peninsula (半岛), even though it’s high on Qingshan Mountain.
Wang travels 500 meters of mountain roads to carry water to the school for the students. He rows a boat to pick them up for school, and then he takes them home afterward. Wang said he had suffered many falls with the water buckets, but the ferry trips have always been safe.
With development of the local economy, Panshan Primary School merged with the Chichong Primary School on the opposite bank of the reservoir in 2017. Wang could drive to pick up most of the students, but a few depend on his boat.
He said he had been given several opportunities to get out of the area for better career development, but he felt responsible for the kids and stayed.
Panshan and Chichong villages together have more than 1, 000 residents. Wang is proud that 40 of his students eventually entered college. “My ultimate dream is to send them out from the mountains through education,” Wang said. Meanwhile, he is proud that six of the 40 college students returned to their hometown and became teachers themselves.
12．What does the underlined word “ultimate” in the last paragraph mean
A．Original. B．Unreasonable. C．Final. D．Unusual.
13．How can we best describe Wang Zhijun
A．Shy and depressed. B．Selfish and stubborn.
C．Cautious and sensitive. D．Devoted and considerate.
14．Which can be the best title for the news report
A．Teacher picks up kids by boat for 28 years
B．A talented teacher works at primary school
C．A common teacher makes great achievements in life
D．Teacher refuses opportunities of better career development
The day following Thanksgiving — commonly referred to as Black Friday — has become one of the busiest shopping days of the year in the United States.
It is believed by many that the term Black Friday comes from the concept that businesses operate at a financial loss, or are “in the red,” until the day after Thanksgiving, when massive sales finally allow them to turn a profit, or put them “in the black.” However, this is untrue.
A more accurate explanation of the term dates back to the early 1960s, when police officers in Philadelphia began using the phrase “Black Friday” to describe the mess that resulted when large numbers of suburban tourists came into the city to begin their holiday shopping and, in some years, attend Saturday’s annual Army-Navy football game. The huge crowds created a headache for the police, who worked longer than usual as they dealt with traffic jams, accidents, shoplifting, and other issues.
Within a few years, the term Black Friday had taken root in Philadelphia. City businessmen attempted to put a prettier face on the day by calling it “Big Friday.”
In more recent years, Black Friday has been followed by other shopping holidays, including Small Business Saturday, which encourages shoppers to visit local retailers, and Cyber Monday, which promotes shopping online. Giving Tuesday has also appeared to encourage charitable donations.
Historically, Black Friday has yet another meaning, one unrelated to shopping. In 1869 Wall Street financiers Jay Gould and Jim Fisk attempted to corner (垄断) the nation’s gold market at the New York Gold Exchange. On Friday, September 24, the government’s control caused their plan to fall apart, making thousands of Americans lose all their money.
15．What is the origin of the term Black Friday
A．Stores offered limited cheaper specials on all kinds of goods.
B．Businesses made money, which was “in the black.”
C．Suburban tourists made the policemen’s work harder.
D．Friday became the biggest shopping day in America.
16．Why is Black Friday also called Big Friday
A．On this day businessmen make big money. B．Customers buy a lot of goods this day.
C．City businessmen want to have prettier faces. D．Businessmen want to make the day sound lovely.
17．What is the purpose of celebrating Giving Tuesday
A．To call on people to make some donations for charity.
B．To encourage shoppers to visit local retailers.
C．To boost the development of online shopping.
D．To improve the profits and make the economy better.
18．What can be the best title for the text
A．When Is Black Friday Celebrated B．How Did Black Friday Get Its Name
C．Where Was Black Friday Celebrated D．What Are the Types of Shopping Holidays
When someone is homeless or trying to recover from a natural disaster, they are in great need of everyday goods. While people are often encouraged to donate canned goods, not everyone is thinking about things like shoes.
Of course, you can’t go looking for a new job or a home, if you have no shoes to walk in. One woman in Hays, Kansas took this into consideration, and found a great way to help hundreds of people.
Payless stores were going out of business, and shoes were selling for as little as $1 per pair, so a woman named Addy Tritt bought out all the remaining shoes at the Hays Payless store — more than 200 pairs and donated them to flood victims in Nebraska.
Those shoes were then sent to farmers in Nebraska by Fort Hays State University (FHSU). Tritt, who recently graduated from FHSU, wanted to “pay it forward”.
“I have been so lucky,” she said. “There have been so many great people in my life who have inspired me. I see so many terrible things in the news. So many people have helped me when I was down. They influenced me so much that I want to help if I can.”
Tritt has a history of kind acts. She has donated more than 60 bags of school supplies to Hays students, and organised a baby clothes drive and two supply drives for the animal shelter.
“I really feel I have been directed and guided to help people,” she said. “If you can do something for someone else, you need to find a way even if it is a pair of shoes.”
19．How did Tritt help flood victims
A．By buying shoes for them. B．By sending some food to them.
C．By helping them find new jobs. D．By selling shoes to raise money for them.
20．What does the underlined phrase “pay it forward” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Get extra support. B．Share news with others.
C．Pass on kindness. D．Put forward a plan.
21．What made Tritt begin to help others
A．FHSU’s education. B．Flood victims’ situations.
C．Other people’s kindness to her. D．Payless stores’ going out of business.
22．Which word can best describe Tritt
A．Brave. B．Easy-going.
C．Clever. D．Caring.
China’s tea culture has undergone dramatic, changes in recent years. The appearance of new-style teas can be traced back to the cheap roadside milk tea stands of the 1990s. Most of these drinks were made from powdered mixes and contained neither fresh milk nor fresh tea. The base ingredients weren’t updated until the arrival of Taiwan-based brands like CoCo and A Little Tea in the 2000s, leading to innovations such as “cheese tea”. These businesses started the “Milk Tea 2.0” era, transforming the milk tea business from a mixture of small stands into a standardized and fast-moving industry.
But even as the Taiwan-centric “Milk Tea 2.0” revolution was sweeping the world, the seeds of its next evolution were already sprouting (发芽) on the Chinese mainland. In 2012, a 21-year-oldman named Nie Yunchen opened a milk tea store in the small southern city of Jiangmen, where he sold milk tea. By 2020, Nie’s HeyTea had 695 stores worldwide; was worth an estimated, 16 billion yuan, and had attracted a large number of imitators.
The new brands made their mark, by offering a more diverse range of tea bases, often with extras like seasonal fruit sparkling water, cream cheese or nuts.
The viability (可行性) of this business model owes much to China’s widespread embrace of high-end consumerism. Jason Yu, general manager of the market research firm Kantar World panel China, told me that “mothers with refined tastes”, urban white-collar workers, and those born after 1990 are the main drivers of Chinas new-style tea market—and, more broadly, the consumer market as a whole. These groups tend to be defined by busywork and home lives, and they see upscale drinks like tea and coffee not only as a way to quench their thirst (解渴), but also as a source of comfort. In this sense, new-style teas are filling a psychological, rather than a physical need. Many tea brands are aware of this and they have sought to associate themselves with healthy and relaxed lifestyle through their marketing campaigns.
Another driver of new-style tea consumption, according to Yu, is the desire among young people to combine consumption with social activity. “The goal of consumption for this generation of consumers is socializing,” Yu, said “You rarely see a person drinking Hey Tea by himself.”
23．How were new-style teas influenced by Taiwan-based brands
A．These brands gave them a new name.
B．These brands changed their ingredients.
C．These brands in proved-their marketing.
D．These brands made them a healthier drink.
24．What can We learn about Nie’s HeyTea
A．It can compete with “Milk Tea 2.0”. B．It is targeted at high-income groups.
C．It has a good market at home and abroad. D．It gradually develops the domestic market.
25．How do many tea brands advertise their products
A．By improving the brand image. B．By stressing their relaxing effect.
C．By showing their nutritious value. D．By comparing them with other products.
26．What makes new-style teas popular with young people according to Yu
A．The low price. B．Their rich variety.
C．The chance to socialize. D．Their desire To show off.
I thought I was ready for the challenges of graduate school. However, when I left Nepal to pursue my PhD in a new country, I felt as if I had dropped into an enormous ocean. Instead of being the outgoing person I had been, I suddenly became a shy girl. What’s worse, my research wasn’t progressing, leading me to put in more fruitless hours.
Just then, a friend asked what I would do if I had an extra hour every day. Without hesitation, I said I would use it to help others. After that conversation, I began to search online for volunteer opportunities. Luckily, a local organization that drives old people to stores and appointments was looking for volunteers. I thought it might be just what I needed.
I was a bit anxious before my first ride because I hadn’t interacted much with people outside school. However, my nerves quickly calmed when I picked up an old woman on her way to the supermarket. She was bemused to see a young foreign driver and was full of questions about my background. She shared with me how thankful she was to go shopping and get some fresh air. Connections like these and the smiles on my passenger’ faces motivated me to continue driving.
Sharing stories with my passengers was rewarding. Seeing how eager they were to spend time out inspired me to think about how to spend my time. My previously challenging schedule began to feel manageable. As my confidence grew, I began telling my fellow students about the ups and downs in my research and I was surprised to discover that we were in the same boat. As these connections grew, my personality began to reappear.
I’m now close to completing my degree but still facing challenges. My adviser moved to a different university. I’m working to publish my research while also applying for jobs. But these hurdles (难关) now seem easy. I’m really proud of who I have become, and I continue to reflect on how I’m using the most valuable thing in life: my time.
27．What happened to the author at first when studying in a new country
A．Her research was denied by her adviser.
B．She was once dropped into an ocean.
C．She was overcome by her shortcomings.
D．She failed to adapt to the new environment.
28．What did the author volunteer to do
A．Drive for the disabled. B．Fund a local organization.
C．Serve the old citizens. D．Go shopping with the old.
29．What does the underlined word “bemused” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Confused. B．Frightened. C．Embarrassed. D．Disappointed.
30．What effect did volunteering have on the author
A．Her eagerness to spend timeout was aroused.
B．She regained her confidence and personality.
C．She became more connected with her parents.
D．She became interested in sharing her stories.
Disney movies are the bread and butter of many people’s childhoods. We’ve put together a list of the most unforgettable Disney movies to watch with the kids… or alone.
Rodger’s & Hammerstein’s Cinderella
This movie was groundbreaking when it was first released in 1997, and not just for casting musical icon Whitney Houston in the role of the fairy godmother. Singer Brandy was the first Black actress to ever play the role of Cinderella on-screen, paving the way for more diversity in Hollywood productions of classic fairytale stories.
Treasure Planet
Released in 2002, this movie remains one of Disney’s hidden gems to this day. A family-friendly sci-fi take on the classic Robert Louis Stevenson book, Treasure Island, this film is full of heart and humour. It is definitely worth a watch and will be just as popular with little girls as it is with little boys, and there are a few hidden jokes just for the grown-ups.
The Fox and The Hound
This animated classic still brings tears to the eyes of some grown adults. The 1981 Disney movie is a surprisingly moving coming of age story that really cuts to the core of what it feels like to grow up and grow apart. Kids will adore the cute animation style, sweet friendship moments and beautiful score. As for the adults, you may want to keep the tissues handy for the final act.
Brother Bear
The last entry on our list comes from 2003 and was one of the last 2D animated films Disney ever released. The kids will love the comedic moments and don’t worry, there are plenty of jokes that will have parents chuckling too. Make sure to keep some tissues nearby though, as there are several moments that will definitely leave you teary.
31．Why is Rodger’s & Hammerstein’s Cinderella groundbreaking
A．It’s very popular among both kids and adults.
B．Its theme song was played by some big names.
C．It’s adapted from a story that is full of humour.
D．Its cast list added diversity to Hollywood films.
32．Which film is equally attractive to both boys and girls
A．Brother Bear. B．Treasure Planet.
C．The Fox and The Hound. D．Rodger’s & Hammerstein’s Cinderella.
33．What do The Fox and The Hound and Brother Bear have in common
A．There are some popular sci-fi elements in the main plot.
B．They are animated films that will move audience to tears.
C．There are some hidden jokes that will likely amuse adults.
D．They are among the last 2D animated films in the 21st century.
Ada Palmer is a professor of European history at the University of Chicago. Her science-fiction series, Terra Ignota, was inspired by 18th-century philosophers such as Voltaire and Diderot. “I wanted to write a story that Voltaire might have written if Voltaire had be enable to read the last 70 years’ worth of science fiction and have all of those tools available (可获得的) for his use,” Palmer says in a radio program called Geek’s Guide to the Galaxy.
Palmer says that Voltaire could actually be considered the first sci-fic writer, thanks to a place he wrote in 1752. “Voltaire has a short story called Micromégas, in which an alien from Saturn and an alien from a star near Sirius come to Earth. They are extremely big in size. They explore Earth and have trouble finding life forms because to them a whale is the size of a flea (跳蚤)”, she says. They eventually realize that the tiny little spot of wood on the ground is a ship, and it’s full of living things, including humans, and they make contact. So it’s a first-contact story.
Mary Shelley’s 1818 novel Frankenstein is often considered the first sci-fi novel. Voltaire was writing much earlier than Shelley, so should he have the title instead It depends on your definition (定义) of science fiction. “Micromégas doesn’t involve technology,” Palmer says, “so if you define science fiction as depending upon technology—and being about, in the Frankenstein sense. Is man’s knowledge giving us access to powers beyond what we’ve had before What does that mean ’—it isn’t asking that. But ‘aliens and first contact’ is a very significant science fictional element.”
So there’s no obvious answer to the question of who should be considered the first sci-fi writer. Palmer says it’s more important to ask the question than to arrive at any particular answer. “I don’t want to argue, ‘Yes, definitely, everybody’s histories of science fiction should start with Voltaire,” she says. “But I do want to argue that everybody’s histories of science fiction will be richer by discussing whether Voltaire is the beginning of science fiction, or whether it’s earlier or whether it’s later. Because that gets at the question of what science fiction is.”
34．What do we know about Micromégas according to the text
A．It is widely accepted as a science-fiction story.
B．It has a big influence on today’s science fiction.
C．Its main characters have trouble finding humans.
D．Its content is about humans’ exploration of space.
35．Why does Ada Palmer regard Voltaire as a sci-fi writer
A．One of his stories focuses on technology. B．His story involves aliens from other planets.
C．He described human-alien contact in a story. D．Her science fiction was inspired by his writing.
36．What does Ada Palmer really want to discuss when it comes to science fiction
A．Its true origin. B．What it can cover.
C．Its colourful expressions. D．Why it is interesting.
37．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Ada Palmer and science fiction. B．Was Voltaire the first sci-fi author
C．Technology’s role in science fiction. D．What is science fiction really about
参考答案：
1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了俄罗斯把一个新的太空舱发射到国际空间站。
1．段落大意题。根据第二段中的“The ISS is composed of modules and equipment from different space agencies including Europe, Japan and Canada, but the major part of the station is composed of two main sections, a Russian part and a US part.(国际空间站由来自欧洲、日本和加拿大等不同航天机构的太空舱和设备组成，但空间站的主要部分由两个主要部分组成，一个是俄罗斯部分，另一个是美国部分。)”可知，本段主要介绍了国际空间站的组成情况。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“‘It’s a science laboratory, and it also provides a lot of important service systems,’ says Anatoly Zak, editor of a website.(“这是一个科学实验室，它还提供了许多重要的服务系统，”一家网站的编辑Anatoly Zak说。)”可知，Nauka集科研与服务为一体，由此可推测出，这是一个综合性太空舱。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The launch of Nauka has been a long time coming, with construction of the module beginning in the 1990s. Technical and supply issues since then, such as the loss of components from Ukraine following the Russian annexation (兼并) of Crimea in 2014, have seen development stumble (蹒跚而行). (Nauka的开始已经有很长一段时间了，太空舱建设始于20世纪90年代。自那以后，技术和供应问题，如2014年俄罗斯吞并克里米亚后乌克兰部件的损失，导致发展受挫。)”可知，Nauka太空舱的建设始于20世纪90年代，但它经历了许多问题，导致发展受挫，由此可推测出，Nauka历经变故，eventful意为“多变故的”。故选A。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇新闻报道，根据第一段首句“Russia is launching a new module(舱) for the International Space Station(ISS), after more than a decade of delays.(经过十多年的拖延，俄罗斯正在为国际空间站发射一个新的太空舱。)”可知，本文主要讲述了俄罗斯把一个新的太空舱发射到国际空间站。故选D。
5．A 6．C 7．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍一些学生形成组织为保护地球做出的事迹。
5．推理判断题。由文章第一段“Now, Earth Day is celebrated around the world. We still face many challenges, such as climate change, plastic pollution, and deforestation. But we can all make a difference.(现在，世界各地都在庆祝地球日。我们仍然面临许多挑战，如气候变化、塑料污染和森林砍伐。但我们都可以有所作为。)”以及下文可知，文章主要介绍一些学生形成组织为保护地球做出的事迹。所以本文中的青少年都是保护地球的英雄们。故选A项。
6．细节理解题。由文章Solar for Her School中“Claire asked the school board to add solar panels to the project. The board liked the idea but said it could contribute just $25,000, one-fifth of the cost. (克莱尔要求学校董事会为该项目增加太阳能电池板。董事会喜欢这个想法，但表示只能出资25000美元，即成本的五分之一。)”以及“They asked for donations, even going door-to-door for them. And they appealed to charitable foundations too. One even donated half the cost!(他们要求捐款，甚至挨家挨户地为他们募捐。他们也呼吁慈善基金会。其中一个慈善基金会甚至捐出了一半的费用！)”可知，总共费用需要25,000*5=125,000，其中一半是65,000。故选C项。
7．推理判断题。由文章第一段“Now, Earth Day is celebrated around the world. We still face many challenges, such as climate change, plastic pollution, and deforestation. But we can all make a difference.(现在，世界各地都在庆祝地球日。我们仍然面临许多挑战，如气候变化、塑料污染和森林砍伐。但我们都可以有所作为。)”以及下文可知，文章主要介绍一些学生形成组织为保护地球做出的事迹。所以这篇文章举例展示有效合作的惊人力量。故选C项。
8．D 9．C 10．A 11．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍一位突然失明的父亲想要找到一份工作供养家庭，最终在Lighthouse Works达成所愿，并且工作出色。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段“In 2005, Calvin Echevarria was on top of his game. He had two jobs, bought a house and was raising a 3-year-old daughter with his wife. But suddenly, it felt like it was all taken away. He could no longer work as a FedEx driver because he developed diabetic retinopathy (视网膜病) and was going blind. (2005年，卡尔文·埃切瓦里亚（Calvin Echevarria）在生活中处于巅峰。他有两份工作，买了一套房子，和妻子一起抚养一个3岁的女儿。但突然间，感觉一切都被夺走了。他不能再做联邦快递司机了，因为他得了糖尿病视网膜病变，快要失明了。)”可知，Echevarria在患病之前生活满意。故选D。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“That’s when he found Lighthouse Works in Orlando, a company that creates jobs for the visually impaired (受损的) and blind.(就在那时，他在奥兰多找到了灯塔工厂，一家为视力受损的人和盲人创造就业机会的公司。)”及第三段““Seven out of ten people who are visually impaired are not in the workforce,” said Kyle Johnson, president and CEO of Lighthouse Works. “And we knew some blind people are highly educated. And they’re very capable people, who want to work and contribute. So, we created Lighthouse Works to help them do that.”(‘十分之七的视力受损的人没有工作。’Lighthouse Works总裁兼首席执行官凯尔 约翰逊（Kyle Johnson）表示：‘我们知道，一些盲人是受过高等教育的。他们是非常有能力的人，想要工作和贡献。所以，我们创建了Lighthouse Works来帮助他们做到这一点。’)”可知，Kyle Johnson创建Lighthouse Works是为了帮助视力受损的人，给他们提供工作机会，让他们进入劳动力市场。故选C。
10．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“In his job, Calvin uses a system called JAWS to “hear” the computer he uses. The system reads the computer screen to Calvin in one ear as he listens to a customer call in his other ear. (在他的工作中，卡尔文使用一个叫做JAWS的系统来‘听’他使用的电脑。当卡尔文用一只耳朵听客户电话时，系统把电脑屏幕的信息读给他听。)”可推知，JAWS的功能是读电脑屏幕上的信息给他听，也就是帮助他“看”电脑，弄清楚电脑上的信息。故选A。
11．推理判断题。通读全文，特别是第二段“Calvin at first worked on developing independent living skills like walking with a stick. But he wanted to learn more—like skills that would be useful for a job. That’s when he found Lighthouse Works in Orlando, a company that creates jobs for the visually impaired (受损的) and blind. (卡尔文起初致力于培养独立生活技能，比如用拐杖走路。但他想学习更多对工作有用的技能。就在那时，他在奥兰多创立了Lighthouse Works，一家为视障人士和盲人创造就业机会的公司。)”可推知，本文讲述了一位突然失明的父亲想要找到一份工作供养家庭，最终在Lighthouse Works达成所愿，并且工作出色。因此推断B项“当上帝关上一扇门时，他会打开一扇窗。”诠释了这个故事。故选B。
12．C 13．D 14．A
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。介绍了王志军老师28年来在盘山村小学任教同时还兼任摆渡人接送学生上学和回家的感人事迹，歌颂了王老师高尚的品格。
12．词义猜测题。根据最后一段第二句“ Wang is proud that 40 of his students eventually entered college.”（王老师非常自豪，他有40名学生最终考入了大学。）及第三句“to send them out from the mountains through education”（通过教育把他们从山里送出去）可知，通过教育把孩子们从山里送出去是王志军作为教师的最终梦想，ultimate和final意思相同，意为“最终的”。故选C项。
13．推理判断题。根据第五段“Wang travels 500 meters of mountain roads to carry water to the school for the students. He rows a boat to pick them up for school, and then he takes them home afterward. Wang said he had suffered many falls with the water buckets, but the ferry trips have always been safe.”（王老师走了500米山路为学生们送水到学校。他划船去接他们上学，然后带他们回家。他说，他用水桶摔了很多次，但渡船一直都很安全。）及第七段“He said he had been given several opportunities to get out of the area for better career development, but he felt responsible for the kids and stayed.”（他说，为了更好的职业发展，他得到了几个离开该地区的机会，但他觉得自己对孩子们有责任，所以留下来了。）可知，王志军老师给学生送水并送学生安全地上学和回家体现了他的体贴，他为了学生的发展放弃了自己的发展机会体现了他的奉献精神。故选D项。
14．主旨大意题。根据第二段“For Wang Zhijun, a primary school teacher who has served the villages near the reservoir for 28 years, the river is an obstacle to be overcome. He doubles as a ferryman to help students shuttle back and forth via boat.”（王志军是一名小学教师，在水库附近的村庄服务了28年，对他来说，这条河是一个需要克服的障碍。他兼任摆渡人，帮助学生们乘船来回穿梭。）并结合后文王老师对学生的付出可知，本文主要讲述了王志军老师28年来在盘山村小学任教同时还兼任摆渡人接送学生上学和回家的感故事。故选A项。
15．C 16．D 17．A 18．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了“黑色星期五”这一词的来源以及其他含义。
15．细节理解题。根据第三段“A more accurate explanation of the term dates back to the early 1960s, when police officers in Philadelphia began using the phrase “Black Friday” to describe the mess that resulted when large numbers of suburban tourists came into the city to begin their holiday shopping and, in some years, attend Saturday’s annual Army-Navy football game.(对这个词更准确的解释可以追溯到20世纪60年代初，当时费城的警察开始用“黑色星期五”这个词来形容大量郊区游客进入城市开始假日购物，有时还会参加周六一年一度的陆军-海军橄榄球比赛，造成的混乱)”可知，黑色星期五这个词的起源是郊区的游客使警察的工作更加困难。故选C。
16．细节理解题。根据第四段“City businessmen attempted to put a prettier face on the day by calling it “Big Friday.(城市的商人们试图通过称之为“大星期五”来美化这一天)”可知，黑色星期五也被称为大星期五是因为商人想让这一天听起来很可爱。故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Giving Tuesday has also appeared to encourage charitable donations.(“周二捐赠”似乎也鼓励了慈善捐款)”可知，庆祝“给予星期二”的目的是号召人们为慈善事业捐款。故选A。
18．主旨大意题。根据第二段“It is believed by many that the term Black Friday comes from the concept that businesses operate at a financial loss, or are “in the red,” until the day after Thanksgiving, when massive sales finally allow them to turn a profit, or put them “in the black.” However, this is untrue.(许多人认为，“黑色星期五”一词来自这样一个概念，即企业在财务亏损或“亏损”的情况下经营，直到感恩节后的第二天，大规模的销售最终使他们扭亏为盈，或使他们“盈利”。然而，这不是真的)”结合文章主要说明了“黑色星期五”这一词的来源以及其他含义。可知，B选项“黑色星期五的名字是怎么来的？”最符合文章标题。故选B。
19．A 20．C 21．C 22．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Addy Tritt向内布拉斯加州地区受洪水影响的灾民捐赠了200多双鞋子，她希望能将善行传递下去。
19．细节理解题。根据第三段“Payless stores were going out of business, and shoes were selling for as little as $1 per pair, so a woman named Addy Tritt bought out all the remaining shoes at the Hays Payless store—more than 200 pairs and donated them to flood victims in Nebraska.(Payless store商店即将倒闭，每双鞋的售价仅为1美元，因此一位名叫Addy Tritt的女士买下了Payless海斯店剩下的200多双鞋，并将其捐赠给内布拉斯加州的洪水受害者。)”可知，Addy Tritt为洪水受害者买了鞋子。故选A。
20．短语猜测题。根据第五段中的“So many people have helped me when I was down. They influenced me so much that I want to help if I can.(在我情绪低落的时候，有很多人帮助了我。他们对我影响很大，如果可以的话，我想提出帮助。)”可知，Addy Tritt接受了别人的帮助，受到这些人的影响，她也想帮助别人，由此可推测出，pay it forward意为“知恩图报”，与C项“传递善意”意思最接近。故选C。
21．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“So many people have helped me when I was down. They influenced me so much that I want to help if I can.(在我情绪低落的时候，有很多人帮助了我。他们对我影响很大，如果可以的话，我想提出帮助。)”可知，其他人对她的善意让她开始去帮助他人。故选C。
22．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“They influenced me so much that I want to help if I can.(他们对我影响很大，如果可以的话，我想提出帮助。)”、第六段“Tritt has a history of kind acts. She has donated more than 60 bags of school supplies to Hays students, and organised a baby clothes drive and two supply drives for the animal shelter.(Tritt有做善行的历史。她向海斯的学生捐赠了60多袋学习用品，并组织了一次婴儿服装运动以及为动物收容所组织了两次补给运动。)”等可知，Tritt乐于帮助人和动物，由此可推测出，她内心充满关怀。故选D。
23．B 24．C 25．B 26．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是21世纪的新茶饮文化。
23．推理判断题。根据首段中的“The base ingredients weren’t updated until the arrival of Taiwan-based brands like CoCo and A Little Tea in the 2000s, leading to innovations such as “cheese tea”.(直到21世纪初，CoCo和A Little Tea等台湾品牌的到来，基础成分才得以更新，从而产生了“奶酪茶”等创新。)”可知，台湾一些品牌的到来之前，基础的奶茶配料没有被改变，由此可知，一些台湾奶茶品牌的到来改变了之前奶茶的基本配料。故选B项。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“By 2020, Nie’s HeyTea had 695 stores worldwide; was worth an estimated, 16 billion yuan, and had attracted a large number of imitators.(到2020年，聂的喜茶在全球拥有695家门店；估计价值160亿元，并吸引了大量的模仿者。)”可知，到 2020年，喜茶在全球有 695家门店，并且吸引了大量的模仿者，由此推知，它在国内外都有很好的市场。故选C项。
25．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Many tea brands are aware of this and they have sought to associate themselves with healthy and relaxed lifestyle through their marketing campaigns.(许多茶叶品牌都意识到了这一点，他们试图通过营销活动将自己与健康和轻松的生活方式联系起来。)”可知，很多茶饮品牌将自己与健康轻松的生活方式联系在一起，即通过强调茶饮的放松效果来做广告推广。故选B项。
26．细节理解题。根据尾段中的““The goal of consumption for this generation of consumers is socializing,” Yu, said “You rarely see a person drinking Hey Tea by himself.”(“这一代消费者的消费目标是社交，” Yu说，“你很少看到一个人独自喝喜茶。”)”可知，Yu认为这一代消费者的消费目标是社交，由此可知，年轻人之所以消费这类茶饮，是为了社交。故选C。
27．D 28．C 29．A 30．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是作者的志愿者经历对作者的影响。
27．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However, when I left Nepal to pursue my PhD in a new country, I felt as if I had dropped into an enormous ocean. Instead of being the outgoing person I had been, I suddenly became a shy girl. What’s worse, my research wasn’t progressing, leading me to put in more fruitless hours.(然而，当我离开尼泊尔到一个新的国家攻读博士学位时，我觉得自己好像掉进了一个巨大的海洋。我不再是以前那个外向的人了，我突然变成了一个害羞的女孩。更糟糕的是，我的研究没有进展，导致我投入了更多毫无结果的时间)”可知，作者来到一个新的国家读博士学位之后，原本外向的性格却变得内向，而且研究没有取得进展，浪费了很多时间。由此可知，作者一开始不是很适应新环境。故选D项。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Luckily, a local organization that drives old people to stores and appointments was looking for volunteers. I thought it might be just what I needed.(幸运的是，当地的一个组织正在寻找志愿者，他们开车送老人去商店和约会。我想这可能正是我需要的)”可知，作者找到的志愿者工作是开车送老人去商店和赴约，也就是为老年市民服务。故选C项。
29．词句猜测题。划线词后的“to see a young foreign driver and was full of questions about my background.(看到一个年轻的外国司机，对我的背景充满了疑问)”为不定式短语作原因状语。由此推知，这位老妇人之所以会对作者的背景提出了各种各样的问题，是因为她看见了一个年轻的外国司机而感到困惑不解。由此可知，划线词bemused的意思与confused“困惑的”意义相近。故选A项。
30．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“As my confidence grew, I began telling my fellow students about the ups and downs in my research and I was surprised to discover that we were in the same boat. As these connections grew, my personality began to reappear.(随着我信心的增长，我开始告诉同学们我研究中的起起落落，我惊讶地发现我们在同一条船上。随着这些联系的发展，我的个性开始重新显现)”可知，志愿者工作之后，作者的信心在增长，开始与同学进行交流沟通，而且随着沟通的进行，作者的个性也开始重新显现。由此可知，志愿者工作让作者重获自信和个性。故选B项。
31．D 32．B 33．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四部令人难忘的迪士尼电影。
31．细节理解题。根据Rodger’s & Hammerstein’s Cinderella中“This movie was groundbreaking when it was first released in 1997, and not just for casting musical icon Whitney Houston in the role of the fairy godmother. Singer Brandy was the first Black actress to ever play the role of Cinderella on-screen, paving the way for more diversity in Hollywood productions of classic fairytale stories. (这部电影在1997年首次上映时就具有开创性，不仅仅是因为音乐界的偶像惠特妮·休斯顿出演了仙女教母这个角色。歌手布兰迪是第一位在银幕上扮演灰姑娘的黑人女演员，为好莱坞制作更多样的经典童话故事铺平了道路)”可知，这部电影的开创性在于其演员阵容包括了黑人女演员，增加了好莱坞电影的多样性。故选D项。
32．细节理解题。根据Treasure Planet中“It is definitely worth a watch and will be just as popular with little girls as it is with little boys, and there are a few hidden jokes just for the grown-ups. (这部电影绝对值得一看，在小女孩和小男孩中都很受欢迎，其中有一些隐藏的笑话是专为成年人准备的)”可知，这部电影对男孩和女孩都有吸引力。故选B项。
33．细节理解题。根据The Fox and The Hound中“This animated classic still brings tears to the eyes of some grown adults. The 1981 Disney movie is a surprisingly moving coming of age story that really cuts to the core of what it feels like to grow up and grow apart. (这部经典动画至今仍令一些成年人热泪盈眶。这部1981年的迪士尼电影是一个令人惊讶的感人成长故事，真正触及了成长和分离感受的核心)”和Brother Bear中“The last entry on our list comes from 2003 and was one of the last 2D animated films Disney ever released. (我们榜单上的最后一部电影来自2003年，是迪士尼发行的最后一部2D动画电影)”“Make sure to keep some tissues nearby though, as there are several moments that will definitely leave you teary. (但一定要在身边准备一些纸巾，因为有几个时刻肯定会让你流泪)”可知，这两部动画电影的共同之处在于它们都很感人，会让观众落泪。故选B项。
34．C 35．C 36．C 37．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。该文报道了芝加哥大学教授Ada Palmer受18世纪哲学家伏尔泰启发写作的科幻系列作品，并讨论了关于谁是第一位科幻作家的问题。
34．细节理解题。根据第二段“Voltaire has a short story called Micromégas, in which an alien from Saturn and an alien from a star near Sirius come to Earth. They are extremely big in size. They explore Earth and have trouble finding life forms because to them a whale is the size of a flea (跳蚤), she says. “They eventually realize that the tiny little spot of wood on the ground is a ship, and it’s full of living things, including humans, and they make contact.(伏尔泰有一个短篇故事叫《Micromégas》，讲的是一个来自土星的外星人和一个来自天狼星附近恒星的外星人来到地球。它们的体型非常大。她说，他们探索地球，却很难找到生命形式，因为对他们来说，鲸鱼只有跳蚤那么大。他们最终意识到，地面上那一小块木头是一艘船，船上满是生物，包括人类，他们接触了)”可知，从文章中可知《Micromégas》的主角很难找到人类。故选C项。
35．细节理解题。根据第三段“Micromégas doesn’t involve technology,” Palmer says, “so if you define science fiction as depending upon technology—and being about, in the Frankenstein sense, Is man’s knowledge giving us access to powers beyond what we’ve had before What does that mean ’—it isn’t asking that. But ‘aliens and first contact’ is a very significant science fictional element.(“Micromégas并不涉及技术，”帕尔默说，“所以如果你把科幻小说定义为依赖于技术，并且是关于弗兰肯斯坦那种意义上的：人类的知识是否给予我们比以前更强大的力量？那意味着什么？——它并未涉及这一点。但“外星人和首次接触”是一个非常重要的科幻元素。”)”可知，帕尔默认为“外星人和首次接触”是一个非常重要的科幻元素，所以认为Micromégas是科幻小说，从而认为伏尔泰是一位科幻作家。故选C项。
36．推理判断题。根据最后一段“So there’s no obvious answer to the question of who should be considered the first sci-fi writer. Palmer says it’s more important to ask the question than to arrive at any particular answer. “I don’t want to argue, ‘Yes, definitely, everybody’s histories of science fiction should start with Voltaire,” she says. “But I do want to argue that everybody’s histories of science fiction will be richer by discussing whether Voltaire is the beginning of science fiction, or whether it’s earlier or whether it’s later. Because that gets at the question of what science fiction is.”(所以，谁应该被认为是第一个科幻作家这个问题没有明确的答案。帕尔默说，提出问题比得到特定的答案更重要。“我不想争辩，‘是的，当然，每个人的科幻小说历史都应该从伏尔泰开始，’”她说。“但我确实想说，通过讨论伏尔泰是否是科幻小说的开端，或者是更早还是更晚，每个人的科幻历史都会更丰富。因为这触及了什么是科幻小说的问题。”)”可知，谈到科幻小说，阿达·帕尔默认为提出问题比得到特定的答案更重要，通过讨论问题让每个人的科幻历史都会更丰富，说明她更希望多元化的讨论和表达，而不是为科幻小说或者谁是第一个科幻小说家下定义。故选C项。
37．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Palmer says that Voltaire could actually be considered the first sci-fic writer, thanks to a place he wrote in 1752.( 帕尔默说，伏尔泰实际上可以被认为是第一位科学作家，这要归功于他在1752年写的一篇文章)”以及第三段“Mary Shelley’s 1818 novel Frankenstein is often considered the first sci-fi novel. Voltaire was writing much earlier than Shelley, so should he have the title instead ( 玛丽·雪莱1818年的小说《弗兰肯斯坦》通常被认为是第一部科幻小说。伏尔泰写作的时间比雪莱早得多，那么他应该被冠以这个头衔吗 )”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讨论了伏尔泰是不是第一个科幻作家，以及通过讨论这个问题，能给读者带来的好处，所以B项“Was Voltaire the first sci-fi author (伏尔泰是第一个科幻作家吗 )”是本文最好的标题。故选B项。
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