第二次月考英语试题
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does George need according to the man
A A new job B. A good rest. C. A pleasant trip.
2. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Their work. B. A travel experience. C. Body language.
3. What is the man recommending
A. A new kind of phone.
B. A fast food restaurant.
C. A food delivery service.
4. Where does the conversation take place
A. At a ticket office. B. Over the phone. C. On a train.
5. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Co-workers. B. Classmates. C. Teacher and student.
第二节(共15小题;每题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What did Jane say about the test result
A. It was satisfying. B. It was disappointing. C. It was acceptable.
7. How many pages were there in the test paper
A. 3. B. 4. C. 5.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. How does Linda get an allowance from her parents
A. By doing some housework.
B. By helping out other people.
C. By finishing her homework well.
9. What does Mark think of the rules
A. Reasonable. B. Interesting. C. Strict.
10. What will Mark probably do this evening
A. Cook dinner for his family.
B. Have a talk with his parents.
C. Work out his detailed study plan.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. What is the man worried about Helen
A. Her safety at school. B. Her health condition. C. Her change in character.
12. What can we learn about Helen’s parents
A. They are very busy.
B. They have teaching experience.
C. They care too much about her study.
13. Who is the man
A. Helen’s teacher. B. Helen’s uncle. C. Helen’s brother.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. What does the woman like about the kitchen
A. Its color of the wall. B. Its wine storage area. C. Its floor covering.
15. Who is the man
A. The woman’s husband. B. The homeowner. C. A house agent.
16. How much does the woman want to pay at first
A. $ 380,000. B. $ 350,000. C. $ 330,000.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What can tourists see in the entrance hall
A. Some rare flowers.
B. Some pictures of gardens.
C. Some old photos of the town.
18. How many clocks are there in the museum
A. About 75. B. About 150. C. About 400.
19. What do we know about the clothes show
A It is in the Ford Room.
B. Some of the clothes are on sale.
C. The clothes were worn by famous actors.
20. When will the museum close today
A. At 6:30. B. At 5: 30. C. At 4: 30.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Raising awareness of a serious issue begins with its being visible to students. Amazon has some fantastic things for classroom walls that you can get at a reasonable price.
Hitting, kicking, slapping, spitting, pushing, blocking Stealing or destroying someone’s possessions Making rude hand gestures (手势) Touching in unwanted & improper ways Name calling Insults (辱骂) Teasing Improper sexual comments Threatening to cause harm Lying & spreading rumors (谣言) Telling others not to be friends with someone Embarrassing someone in public Damaging someone’s social relationships Posting/sending hurtful texts, emails or posts, images or videos Making online threats Imitating others online or using their log-in Spreading unkind rumors online
1. What is the poster about
A. The types of bullying. B. The ways of anti-bullying.
C. The causes of bullying. D. The effects of anti-bullying.
2. Which of the following does sending hurtful emails belong to
A. Physical bullying. B. Verbal bullying.
C. Social bullying. D. Cyber bullying.
3. What is the purpose of the text
A. To sell posters. B. To report a bullying survey.
C. To fight against bullying. D. To reveal a rise in bullying.
B
Cynthia Rosenzweig was awarded the World Food Prize. She played a leading role in modelling (建模) the effects of climate change on food production. As a climate research scientist, she has spent much of the career explaining that global food production adapts to a changing climate.
Cynthia, who describes herself as a climate scientist, grew up in a village near New York, an area that led her to live in the country. She moved to Italy with her husband-to-be in her 20s and developed an interest in agriculture. After returning to the United States, she focused her education on agricultural science.
She worked as a graduate student at the Goddard Institute for Space Studies in the early 1980s, when global climate models were beginning to show the effects of human related CO2 on the global climate. As the only team member studying agriculture, she researched the effect on food production and has been working since then to answer those questions. She completed the first experiment of how climate change will affect food production in North America in 1985 and globally in 1994.
Cynthia has studied how farmers can deal with climate change and how agriculture worsens the problem. For example, she wrote a research paper that said global agri-food systems create nearly one-third of the total global greenhouse gases caused by human activity. She added that greenhouse gases come from many parts of food production, including the clearing of forests for farmland.
4. What helps Cynthia win the World Food Prize
A. The great success in space research.
B. The important role in agricultural studies
C. The study of climate effects on food production
D. The scientific research on global climate change
5. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about Cynthia
A. The research information. B. The chief achievements
C. The family members. D. The life experiences.
6. Which of the following can best describe Cynthia
A. Hard-working B. Humorous. C. Easy-going. D. Graceful
7. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. Forests should make room for farmland.
B. Food production also affects climate change.
C. Farmers rely on climate for food production
D. Agriculture is the main source of greenhouse gas.
C
In the west of the Greek capital Athens, the fish market of Keratsini is busy early in the morning, with trucks waiting nearby to be loaded with fishes. But on his fishing boat, Arapakis sorts out something different—bottles, boots, plastic pipes and fishing nets, all dragged from the bed of the Aegean Sea.
“We are swimming in plastic,” said Arapakis, whose family has fished for five generations. “By 2050, there will be more plastic than fish in the sea,” he said, as recent reports noted.
That morning’s plastic catch weighed “about 100 kilograms,” said the founder of Enaleia, a nonprofit that encourages fishermen to collect marine (海洋的) waste caught in their nets. Since its establishment in 2018, it has worked with more than 1,200 fishermen in Greece to raise concern over the degradation of the marine environment.
Active in 42 ports throughout Greece, Enaleia provides fishermen with large bags for marine waste that they can put in garbage cans once back at port. For every kilogram of plastic they deliver, they receive a small amount of money, which is enough for a drink. Since October, fishing crews have dragged out 20 metric tons of plastic and old fishing equipment each month. Nearly 600 tons have been collected over the last five years. The collected plastic is transported to a recycling plant in the industrial area of Megara near Keratsini, to make new products such as socks, swimwear or furniture.
Arapakis said he went about the cleanup project after a trip to Greece’s Cyclades islands, where he saw fishermen throwing the waste gathered by their nets back into the sea.
Arapakis is convinced there has been a “mentality change” among Greece’s fishermen. “Previously we caught large quantities of plastic, but we only kept the fish. All waste was thrown into the sea,” said Mokharam, team leader on the Arapakis family’s boat. “The project brings practical benefits for fishing boats. In the past, the anchor was often caught by waste, especially nets, and the engine would go out. But now things have changed,” he added.
8. What can we learn about Arapakis from the first 2 paragraphs
A He was a successful fish trader. B. He collected waste from the sea.
C. He liked swimming in the sea. D. He had a large family to support.
9. What does the underlined word “degradation” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Impact. B. Worsening. C. Improvement. D. Research.
10. What will most probably happen to the collected waste in the end
A. It will be sold at a high price. B. It will be exchanged for food.
C. It will be thrown back into the sea. D. It will be well dealt with for reuse.
11. What can we infer from Mokharam’s words
A. Fishing is a tough job for fishermen. B. The sea in Greece is seriously polluted.
C. He thinks highly of the cleanup project. D. He still feels ashamed for fishermen’s behavior.
D
When Mark Twain first set eves on Hawaii in 1866, he observed that wild cats were everywhere and all of them fat, lazy, and sound asleep. Nearly 160 years later, however, those cats that so delighted Twain are now widely seen as a threat to the islands.
Cats were first brought to Hawaii by ship, where they fed on mice. As their number in their new home grew during the 19th century, birds started to disappear. At least 30 types of native birds went extinct between 1870 and 1930 because of cats, according to the US Geological Survey.
Hawaiian cats don’t just threaten birds. Toxoplasmosis (弓形虫病) is a disease caused by cats, and then contaminates soil and water through their waste. A new study found that two dolphins died of toxoplasmosis. From these findings the authors suggest that at least 60 dolphins have died of the disease over the past 30 years
The great majority of the dolphins included in the study were killed by other means. But “if they do become infected (感染) with Toxoplasmosis, this study suggests that they die and they die quickly”, says Kristi West, one of the authors and director of the Health and Stranding Lab at the University of Hawaii.
What can be done The law that could have directed Hawaii Invasive Species Council to kill cats using poisoned (下了毒的) food didn’t pass in the state earlier this year. Animal-lovers use some medical methods to keep them from having baby cats. Ms West suggests that people have to stop deserting (抛弃) these poor cats. She says, “It’s not really a cat problem. It’s a human problem.”
12. What’s the function of the first paragraph
A. To tell us Twain’s story.
B. To introduce the topic.
C. To give us an example of cats.
D. To show cats are threatened.
13. What does the underlined word “contaminates” mean in paragraph 3
A. Protects. B. Frees C. Keeps D. Pollutes
14. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A. Dolphins are easy to get infected.
B. Dolphins are killed in other ways.
C. Toxoplasmosis is dangerous to dolphins.
D Toxoplasmosis quickens death of dolphins
15. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. Humans should treat cats well.
B. Cats are killed by poisoned food.
C. A law has been passed in the state.
D. Animal-lovers’ methods are helpful.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Close friends have many benefits, but research shows that having “weak-tie” friendships is as valuable — or even more — as strong ones. Sociology professor Mark Granovetter published a study called “The Strength of Weak Ties” in 1973. ____16____
There are two types of “circles” when it comes to a person’s social world: the inner and outer circles. ____17____ Meanwhile, people whom we talk to but not often belong to the outer circle. Granovetter refers to them as “strong” and “weak” ties. He points out the importance of weak ties when it comes to learning new information and ideas.
Some companies design their buildings with the intention of letting people meet by chance in a specific area. For example, Pixar has a large, central hall where employees come across each other and start small talks. Scientists have also found that weak ties create a better, happier atmosphere.
____18____ On the other hand, we run out of (缺少) things to share with our friends when we get the chance to talk to them. Sometimes it’s harder to talk to people we know well because those conversations come with an emotional burden during the pandemic (流行病). But this doesn’t mean we have to stop here.
As stated in Granovetter’s work, we get more information from weak ties. Take advantage of the pandemic by asking your friends how they are. ____19____ This way, we can get ideas to figure out how we should behave. It is pointed out that right now, social media is the best replacement for small talks. Sparking a small talk is a way to show that you care without using much of your time, attention, and energy. ____20____
A. That is the secret behind “weak-tie” friendships.
B. The study makes people value close friends in another way.
C. And then ask how they’re dealing with the current situation.
D. Social interactions nowadays are limited due to the COVID-19.
E. Close friends we feel comfortable with belong to the inner circle.
F. There, he explains that weak ties are important in friendship as well.
G. Because of the COVID-19, the world has seen a change in behaviors.
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Michael Cramer is really a miracle (奇迹). So many times he came close to dying, but he has managed to ____21____ . This young man is encouraging so many people with his real-life overcomer story.
In the beginning, he always felt tired. He ____22____ it was because he had Covid-19. But after seeing the doctor, he learned he had got a cancer (癌症) that would kill him.
Michael and his mother Ashlee couldn’t ____23____ the death sentence. He chose to fight for his life and underwent the ____24____ journey of chemo (化疗).
“The chemo was horrible. I felt so ____25____ . It was a long, slow journey of hospital trips and so many ____26____,” said Michael. However, He ____27____ went to war with his body in hopes of living. It was no easy thing as his body had shut down in many extremely painful ways. “I wanted to ____28____ so many times but I never did, and that kept me ____29____ ,” he said.
Ashlee’s heart broke as she saw what her son was ____30____ . “Our life was completely upset, but we decided to just ____31____ each day,” she said.
The poster they hung on the wall in Michael’s hospital room ____32____ them greatly, which said, “It’s not what happens to you, but how you ____33____ that matters.”
Michael is now ____34____ day by day. He shares his experiences online to give ____35____ to others who are walking through the dark valley of life.
21. A. move B. return C. succeed D. survive
22. A. assumed B. discovered C. proved D. complained
23. A. judge B. accept C. understand D. identify
24. A. smooth B. hopeless C. hard D. awkward
25. A. pitiful B. silent C. low D. crazy
26. A. challenges B. expectations C. opportunities D. memories
27. A. anxiously B. hurriedly C. determinedly D. unwillingly
28. A. give up B. carry on C. smile away D. stay behind
29 A. alone B. alive C. absent D. ashamed
30. A. encountering B. controlling C. feeling D. suffering
31. A. count B. spend C. treasure D. consider
32. A. impressed B. inspired C. touched D. excited
33. A. react B. guess C. imagine D. explain
34. A. waiting B. trying C. observing D. recovering
35. A. attention B. pleasure C. trust D. hope
第Ⅱ卷（满分55分）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(每空一词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
China is widely known for its ancient civilization (文明), and the writing system is one main reason why Chinese ancient civilization has continued into modern times.
At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language. It dates from the use of longgu — animal bones and shells on which symbols _____36_____ (carve雕刻) by ancient Chinese people. By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols had become a _____37_____ (complete) developed writing system. Over the years, the system has developed into different forms, leading ____38____ many varieties of dialects (方言) and characters. However, Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one country. Ever since, the Chinese writing system ____39____ (develop) in one direction. That writing system was of great _____40_____ (important) in uniting the Chinese people and culture. In modern times, written Chinese has become _____41_____ important way in which China’s present is connected with _____42_____ (it) past. People can read the classic works _____43_____ were written by Chinese in ancient times.
Today, with China _____44_____ (play) a greater role in the world, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this _______45_______ (amaze) language. Therefore, the Chinese writing system is still an essential part of Chinese culture.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校最近开设了京剧社团(Peking Opera Club)，你担任团长。社团正在招收成员，你校留学生Eric喜爱京剧，请给他写一封电子邮件，邀请他加入社团。内容包括：
1. 写信的目的；
2. 社团活动简介；（了解京剧的相关知识，学习表演技巧，实践练习和交流，活动时间……）
3. 报名方式及截止日期。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇： 招收：recruit；报名sign up
Dear Eric,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Adam, 8, and Peter, 10, played at the seaside with their mom every day. Every single day, they would come across an old man who would sit quietly on a chair, watching the waves.
One day, the brothers approached him. For some reason, the old man who always avoided people started a long conversation with the two boys and introduced himself as Walter Bridgeton. After a while, Peter finally asked the question they had been longing to ask: “Sir, why do you sit out here every day ”
“Well, I have been waiting here for my brother, James, for 10 years. We were in the army together and then were sent to different countries. This happened a long time ago. When we last saw each other, we promised to meet right here, where we used to walk with our mother,” the old man explained.
“How do you know he’s still coming ” Adam asked.
“That’s the thing. I don’t know. They gave me his army dog tags(军籍身份牌), but they never found him. He is still missing,” he said. The old man patted the boys’ heads and said, “Look after your brother, boys.”
The boys enjoyed his company ever since that day, and they were also surprised to know they lived near each other. Deeply moved by Walter’s story, the brothers decided to use social media to spread it, hoping to find his brother. One day, they went to the beach to tell him about what they did, but didn’t find him at his usual spot. “Something must have happened. Let’s go to his house now,” Peter said.
注意：
1.续写词数应为100左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
They knocked at the door when they got there.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1-5BCCAC 6-10BBACB 11-15CABBC 16-20ACBCB第二次月考英语试题
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does George need according to the man
A A new job. B. A good rest. C. A pleasant trip.
2. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Their work. B. A travel experience. C. Body language.
3. What is the man recommending
A. A new kind of phone.
B. A fast food restaurant.
C. A food delivery service.
4. Where does the conversation take place
A. At a ticket office. B. Over the phone. C. On a train.
5. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Co-workers. B. Classmates. C. Teacher and student.
第二节(共15小题;每题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What did Jane say about the test result
A. It was satisfying. B. It was disappointing. C. It was acceptable.
7. How many pages were there in the test paper
A. 3. B. 4. C. 5.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. How does Linda get an allowance from her parents
A. By doing some housework.
B. By helping out other people.
C. By finishing her homework well.
9. What does Mark think of the rules
A. Reasonable. B. Interesting. C. Strict.
10. What will Mark probably do this evening
A. Cook dinner for his family.
B. Have a talk with his parents.
C. Work out his detailed study plan.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. What is the man worried about Helen
A Her safety at school. B. Her health condition. C. Her change in character.
12. What can we learn about Helen’s parents
A. They are very busy.
B. They have teaching experience.
C. They care too much about her study.
13. Who is the man
A. Helen’s teacher. B. Helen’s uncle. C. Helen’s brother.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. What does the woman like about the kitchen
A. Its color of the wall. B. Its wine storage area. C. Its floor covering.
15. Who is the man
A. The woman’s husband. B. The homeowner. C. A house agent.
16. How much does the woman want to pay at first
A. $ 380,000. B. $ 350,000. C. $ 330,000.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What can tourists see in the entrance hall
A. Some rare flowers.
B. Some pictures of gardens.
C. Some old photos of the town.
18. How many clocks are there in the museum
A About 75. B. About 150. C. About 400.
19. What do we know about the clothes show
A. It is in the Ford Room.
B. Some of the clothes are on sale.
C. The clothes were worn by famous actors.
20. When will the museum close today
A. At 6:30. B. At 5: 30. C. At 4: 30.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Raising awareness of a serious issue begins with its being visible to students. Amazon has some fantastic things for classroom walls that you can get at a reasonable price.
Hitting, kicking, slapping, spitting, pushing, blocking Stealing or destroying someone’s possessions Making rude hand gestures (手势) Touching in unwanted & improper ways Name calling Insults (辱骂) Teasing Improper sexual comments Threatening to cause harm Lying & spreading rumors (谣言) Telling others not to be friends with someone Embarrassing someone in public Damaging someone’s social relationships Posting/sending hurtful texts, emails or posts, images or videos Making online threats Imitating others online or using their log-in Spreading unkind rumors online
1. What is the poster about
A. The types of bullying. B. The ways of anti-bullying.
C. The causes of bullying. D. The effects of anti-bullying.
2. Which of the following does sending hurtful emails belong to
A. Physical bullying. B. Verbal bullying.
C. Social bullying. D. Cyber bullying.
3. What is the purpose of the text
A. To sell posters. B. To report a bullying survey.
C. To fight against bullying. D. To reveal a rise in bullying.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。本文是亚马逊推销有关网络欺凌的用于教室墙上张贴的海报的广告。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Amazon has some fantastic things for classroom walls that you can get at a reasonable price.( 亚马逊有一些很好的你可以以合理的价格买到的用于教室墙上的东西。)”以及图标中提到的Physical Bully，Verbal Bullying，Social Bullying，Cyber Bullying可知，海报是关于欺凌类型的。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四栏“Posting/sending hurtful texts, emails or posts, images or videos(发布/发送短信、邮件或帖子，图片或视频)”可知，发布有害的电子邮件属于网络欺凌。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Amazon has some fantastic things for classroom walls that you can get at a reasonable price.( 亚马逊有一些很好的你可以以合理的价格买到的用于教室墙上的东西。)”可知，文章的目的是销售海报。故选A。
B
Cynthia Rosenzweig was awarded the World Food Prize. She played a leading role in modelling (建模) the effects of climate change on food production. As a climate research scientist, she has spent much of the career explaining that global food production adapts to a changing climate.
Cynthia, who describes herself as a climate scientist, grew up in a village near New York, an area that led her to live in the country. She moved to Italy with her husband-to-be in her 20s and developed an interest in agriculture. After returning to the United States, she focused her education on agricultural science.
She worked as a graduate student at the Goddard Institute for Space Studies in the early 1980s, when global climate models were beginning to show the effects of human related CO2 on the global climate. As the only team member studying agriculture, she researched the effect on food production and has been working since then to answer those questions. She completed the first experiment of how climate change will affect food production in North America in 1985 and globally in 1994.
Cynthia has studied how farmers can deal with climate change and how agriculture worsens the problem. For example, she wrote a research paper that said global agri-food systems create nearly one-third of the total global greenhouse gases caused by human activity. She added that greenhouse gases come from many parts of food production, including the clearing of forests for farmland.
4. What helps Cynthia win the World Food Prize
A. The great success in space research.
B. The important role in agricultural studies
C. The study of climate effects on food production
D. The scientific research on global climate change
5. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about Cynthia
A. The research information. B. The chief achievements
C. The family members. D. The life experiences.
6. Which of the following can best describe Cynthia
A. Hard-working B. Humorous. C. Easy-going. D. Graceful
7. What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. Forests should make room for farmland.
B. Food production also affects climate change.
C. Farmers rely on climate for food production
D. Agriculture is the main source of greenhouse gas.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一位世界粮食奖者——辛西娅·罗森茨威格，她致力于研究气候与粮食生产之间的互相影响。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据首段“As a climate research scientist, she has spent much of the career explaining that global food production adapts to a changing climate. (作为一名气候研究科学家，她职业生涯的大部分时间都在解释全球粮食生产是如何适应气候变化的。)”可知，辛西娅·罗森茨威格被授予世界粮食奖是因为她研究的是全球粮食生产是如何适应气候变化的，也就是说，气候对粮食生产的影响。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Cynthia, who describes herself as a climate scientist, grew up in a village near New York, an area that led her to live in the country. She moved to Italy with her husband-to-be in her 20s and developed an interest in agriculture. After returning to the United States, she focused her education on agricultural science. (辛西娅自称是一名气候科学家，她在纽约附近的一个村庄长大，这一地区导致她住在乡下。20多岁时，她和未来的丈夫搬到了意大利，并对农业产生了兴趣。回到美国后，她专注于农业科学的教育。)”可知，先是介绍她成长的村庄，然后和未婚夫搬去意大利，然后回到美国，这是她生活的经历。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句“As the only team member studying agriculture, she researched the effect on food production and has been working since then to answer those questions. She completed the first experiment of how climate change will affect food production in North America in 1985 and globally in 1994. (作为团队中唯一研究农业的成员，她研究了对粮食生产的影响，并从那时起一直致力于回答这些问题。1985年和1994年，她分别完成了关于气候变化如何影响北美和全球粮食生产的第一个实验。)”可知，她一直致力于研究对粮食生产的影响，是一位很努力工作的科学家。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据末段第二句“For example, she wrote a research paper that said global agri-food systems create nearly one-third of the total global greenhouse gases caused by human activity. (例如，她写了一篇研究论文，称全球农业食品系统产生了近三分之一的人类活动造成的全球温室气体。)”可知，食品生产使全球温室气体增加了近三分之一，所以食品生产对气候变化也有影响。故选B。
C
In the west of the Greek capital Athens, the fish market of Keratsini is busy early in the morning, with trucks waiting nearby to be loaded with fishes. But on his fishing boat, Arapakis sorts out something different—bottles, boots, plastic pipes and fishing nets, all dragged from the bed of the Aegean Sea.
“We are swimming in plastic,” said Arapakis, whose family has fished for five generations. “By 2050, there will be more plastic than fish in the sea,” he said, as recent reports noted.
That morning’s plastic catch weighed “about 100 kilograms,” said the founder of Enaleia, a nonprofit that encourages fishermen to collect marine (海洋的) waste caught in their nets. Since its establishment in 2018, it has worked with more than 1,200 fishermen in Greece to raise concern over the degradation of the marine environment.
Active in 42 ports throughout Greece, Enaleia provides fishermen with large bags for marine waste that they can put in garbage cans once back at port. For every kilogram of plastic they deliver, they receive a small amount of money, which is enough for a drink. Since October, fishing crews have dragged out 20 metric tons of plastic and old fishing equipment each month. Nearly 600 tons have been collected over the last five years. The collected plastic is transported to a recycling plant in the industrial area of Megara near Keratsini, to make new products such as socks, swimwear or furniture.
Arapakis said he went about the cleanup project after a trip to Greece’s Cyclades islands, where he saw fishermen throwing the waste gathered by their nets back into the sea.
Arapakis is convinced there has been a “mentality change” among Greece’s fishermen. “Previously we caught large quantities of plastic, but we only kept the fish. All waste was thrown into the sea,” said Mokharam, team leader on the Arapakis family’s boat. “The project brings practical benefits for fishing boats. In the past, the anchor was often caught by waste, especially nets, and the engine would go out. But now things have changed,” he added.
8. What can we learn about Arapakis from the first 2 paragraphs
A. He was a successful fish trader. B. He collected waste from the sea.
C. He liked swimming in the sea. D. He had a large family to support.
9. What does the underlined word “degradation” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Impact. B. Worsening. C. Improvement. D. Research.
10. What will most probably happen to the collected waste in the end
A. It will be sold at a high price. B. It will be exchanged for food.
C. It will be thrown back into the sea. D. It will be well dealt with for reuse.
11. What can we infer from Mokharam’s words
A. Fishing is a tough job for fishermen. B. The sea in Greece is seriously polluted.
C. He thinks highly of the cleanup project. D. He still feels ashamed for fishermen’s behavior.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。介绍了希腊首都雅典西部的一个渔市场，以及该地区渔民们在捕捞过程中遇到的海洋垃圾问题。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“But on his fishing boat, Arapakis sorts out something different—bottles, boots, plastic pipes and fishing nets, all dragged from the bed of the Aegean Sea.(但是在他的渔船上，Arapakis整理了一些不同的东西——瓶子、靴子、塑料管和渔网，都是从爱琴海的海床上拖出来的)”以及第二段““We are swimming in plastic,” said Arapakis, whose family has fished for five generations. “By 2050, there will be more plastic than fish in the sea,” he said, as recent reports noted.(“我们在塑料中游泳，”Arapakis说，他的家族已经有五代人在捕鱼。正如最近的报道所指出的那样，他说：“到2050年，海洋中的塑料将比鱼还多。”)”可知，这两段主要讲述了Arapakis从海里收集废物。故选B项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据前文“That morning’s plastic catch weighed “about 100 kilograms,” said the founder of Enaleia, a nonprofit that encourages fishermen to collect marine (海洋的)waste caught in their nets.(Enaleia是一家鼓励渔民收集渔网捕获的海洋垃圾的非营利组织，该组织的创始人说，那天早上捕获的塑料重“约100公斤”)”可知，海洋中的垃圾很多，所以海洋环境现在是在恶化，推知degradation意为“恶化”，和B项意思相近。故选B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The collected plastic is transported to a recycling plant in the industrial area of Megara near Keratsini, to make new products such as socks, swimwear or furniture.(收集到的塑料被运送到位于Keratsini附近的Megara工业区的一家回收厂，用于制造袜子、泳衣或家具等新产品)”可知，收集的废物最终将被很好地处理以重用。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Arapakis is convinced there has been a “mentality change” among Greece’s fishermen. “Previously we caught large quantities of plastic, but we only kept the fish. All waste was thrown into the sea,” said Mokharam, team leader on the Arapakis family’s boat. “The project brings practical benefits for fishing boats. In the past, the anchor was often caught by waste, especially nets, and the engine would go out. But now things have changed,” he added.(Arapakis确信，希腊渔民的“心态发生了变化”。“以前我们捕获了大量的塑料，但我们只保留了鱼。所有的垃圾都被扔进了海里，”Arapakis船上的领队Mokharam说。“该项目为渔船带来了实际利益。在过去，锚经常被废物，特别是网缠住，引擎会熄火。但现在情况变了。”)”可知，Mokharam认为该项目为渔船带来了实际利益，所以他对清理工程评价很高。故选C项。
D
When Mark Twain first set eves on Hawaii in 1866, he observed that wild cats were everywhere and all of them fat, lazy, and sound asleep. Nearly 160 years later, however, those cats that so delighted Twain are now widely seen as a threat to the islands.
Cats were first brought to Hawaii by ship, where they fed on mice. As their number in their new home grew during the 19th century, birds started to disappear. At least 30 types of native birds went extinct between 1870 and 1930 because of cats, according to the US Geological Survey.
Hawaiian cats don’t just threaten birds. Toxoplasmosis (弓形虫病) is a disease caused by cats, and then contaminates soil and water through their waste. A new study found that two dolphins died of toxoplasmosis. From these findings the authors suggest that at least 60 dolphins have died of the disease over the past 30 years
The great majority of the dolphins included in the study were killed by other means. But “if they do become infected (感染) with Toxoplasmosis, this study suggests that they die and they die quickly”, says Kristi West, one of the authors and director of the Health and Stranding Lab at the University of Hawaii.
What can be done The law that could have directed Hawaii Invasive Species Council to kill cats using poisoned (下了毒的) food didn’t pass in the state earlier this year. Animal-lovers use some medical methods to keep them from having baby cats. Ms West suggests that people have to stop deserting (抛弃) these poor cats. She says, “It’s not really a cat problem. It’s a human problem.”
12. What’s the function of the first paragraph
A. To tell us Twain’s story.
B. To introduce the topic.
C. To give us an example of cats.
D. To show cats are threatened.
13. What does the underlined word “contaminates” mean in paragraph 3
A. Protects. B. Frees C. Keeps D. Pollutes
14. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A. Dolphins are easy to get infected.
B. Dolphins are killed in other ways.
C. Toxoplasmosis is dangerous to dolphins.
D. Toxoplasmosis quickens death of dolphins
15. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. Humans should treat cats well.
B. Cats are killed by poisoned food.
C. A law has been passed in the state.
D. Animal-lovers’ methods are helpful.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述在夏威夷，猫成为了对当地有威胁的动物。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“When Mark Twain first set eves on Hawaii in 1866, he observed that wild cats were everywhere and all of them fat, lazy, and sound asleep. Nearly 160 years later, however, those cats that so delighted Twain are now widely seen as a threat to the islands. (1866年马克·吐温第一次登上夏威夷时，他发现野猫到处都是，它们都很胖，很懒，睡得很熟。然而，近160年后，那些让吐温如此高兴的猫现在被广泛视为对群岛的威胁。)”可知，这一段是要引出这篇文章的话题——那些让吐温如此高兴的猫现在被广泛视为对群岛的威胁。故选B。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“Hawaiian cats don’t just threaten birds. Toxoplasmosis (弓形虫病) is a disease caused by cats, and then contaminates soil and water through their waste. (夏威夷猫不仅威胁鸟类。弓形虫病是一种由猫引起的疾病，然后通过它们的排泄物contaminates土壤和水。)”可知，contaminates是动词，这里是描述猫对当地造成的危害，所以contaminates应该是“污染”的意思，和选项D意思一致。故选D。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“The great majority of the dolphins included in the study were killed by other means. But “if they do become infected (感染) with Toxoplasmosis, this study suggests that they die and they die quickly”, says Kristi West, one of the authors and director of the Health and Stranding Lab at the University of Hawaii. (研究中包括的绝大多数海豚都是通过其他方式被杀死的。但是，作者之一、夏威夷大学健康与搁浅实验室主任克里斯蒂·韦斯特（Kristi West）表示，“如果他们真的感染了弓形虫，这项研究表明，他们会很快死亡”。)”可知，这一段讲述弓形虫会加速海豚的死亡。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“What can be done The law that could have directed Hawaii Invasive Species Council to kill cats using poisoned (下了毒的) food didn’t pass in the state earlier this year. Animal-lovers use some medical methods to keep them from having baby cats. Ms West suggests that people have to stop deserting (抛弃) these poor cats. She says, “It’s not really a cat problem. It’s a human problem.”(可以做什么呢？本可以指导夏威夷入侵物种委员会使用有毒食物杀死猫的法律今年早些时候在该州没有通过。动物爱好者使用一些医学方法来防止他们生猫宝宝。韦斯特女士建议人们必须停止遗弃这些可怜的猫。她说：“这不是猫的问题，而是人的问题。”)”可知，韦斯特女士建议人们应该善待这些猫。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Close friends have many benefits, but research shows that having “weak-tie” friendships is as valuable — or even more — as strong ones. Sociology professor Mark Granovetter published a study called “The Strength of Weak Ties” in 1973. ____16____
There are two types of “circles” when it comes to a person’s social world: the inner and outer circles. ____17____ Meanwhile, people whom we talk to but not often belong to the outer circle. Granovetter refers to them as “strong” and “weak” ties. He points out the importance of weak ties when it comes to learning new information and ideas.
Some companies design their buildings with the intention of letting people meet by chance in a specific area. For example, Pixar has a large, central hall where employees come across each other and start small talks. Scientists have also found that weak ties create a better, happier atmosphere.
____18____ On the other hand, we run out of (缺少) things to share with our friends when we get the chance to talk to them. Sometimes it’s harder to talk to people we know well because those conversations come with an emotional burden during the pandemic (流行病). But this doesn’t mean we have to stop here.
As stated in Granovetter’s work, we get more information from weak ties. Take advantage of the pandemic by asking your friends how they are. ____19____ This way, we can get ideas to figure out how we should behave. It is pointed out that right now, social media is the best replacement for small talks. Sparking a small talk is a way to show that you care without using much of your time, attention, and energy. ____20____
A. That is the secret behind “weak-tie” friendships.
B. The study makes people value close friends in another way.
C. And then ask how they’re dealing with the current situation.
D. Social interactions nowadays are limited due to the COVID-19.
E. Close friends we feel comfortable with belong to the inner circle.
F. There, he explains that weak ties are important in friendship as well.
G. Because of the COVID-19, the world has seen a change in behaviors.
【答案】16. F 17. E 18. D 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章对“弱关系”友谊进行了相关介绍。
【16题详解】
根据空前“Sociology professor Mark Granovetter published a study called “The Strength of Weak Ties” in 1973.（社会学教授马克·格兰诺维特在1973年发表了一项名为“弱关系的力量”的研究。）”可知，F选项“There, he explains that weak ties are important in friendship as well.（他在书中解释说，弱关系在友谊中也很重要。）”话题一致，是对前一句的进一步说明，同时选项中的he指的就是前面提到的Mark Granovetter。故选F项。
【17题详解】
根据空前“There are two types of “circles” when it comes to a person’s social world: the inner and outer circles.（在一个人的社交世界中有两种“圈子”：内部圈子和外部圈子。）”可知，E选项“Close friends we feel comfortable with belong to the inner circle.（让我们感到舒服的亲密朋友属于内部圈子。）”是对上句提到inner circles的进一步解释， inner circle也是原词复现。故选E项。
【18题详解】
根据空处下句“On the other hand, we run out of (缺少) things to share with our friends when we get the chance to talk to them.（另一方面，当我们有机会和朋友聊天的时候，我们就会缺少可以和他们分享的东西。）”可知，这与D选项“Social interactions nowadays are limited due to the COVID-19.（由于新冠肺炎疫情，现在的社交活动非常有限。）”形成对比，前后话题也一致，讲述的是我们很少有机会参加社交，即使参加社交，也会缺少可以分享的东西。故选D项。
【19题详解】
根据空前“Take advantage of the pandemic by asking your friends how they are. （借疫情这个机会，问问你的朋友们过得怎么样。）”可知，这与C选项“And then ask how they’re dealing with the current situation.（然后问他们是如何处理目前的情况的。）”内容一致，均是在介绍一些具体措施与方法。且选项中的they指代的就是空前的your friends。故选C项。
【20题详解】
根据空前“Sparking a small talk is a way to show that you care without using much of your time, attention, and energy.（闲聊是一种不用花费你太多时间、注意力和精力就能表达你关心的方式。）”可知，A选项“That is the secret behind “weak-tie” friendships.（这就是“弱关系”友谊背后的秘密。）”是对空前的总结，空前是对“弱关系”友谊相关好处的具体介绍。故选A项。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Michael Cramer is really a miracle (奇迹). So many times he came close to dying, but he has managed to ____21____ . This young man is encouraging so many people with his real-life overcomer story.
In the beginning, he always felt tired. He ____22____ it was because he had Covid-19. But after seeing the doctor, he learned he had got a cancer (癌症) that would kill him.
Michael and his mother Ashlee couldn’t ____23____ the death sentence. He chose to fight for his life and underwent the ____24____ journey of chemo (化疗).
“The chemo was horrible. I felt so ____25____ . It was a long, slow journey of hospital trips and so many ____26____,” said Michael. However, He ____27____ went to war with his body in hopes of living. It was no easy thing as his body had shut down in many extremely painful ways. “I wanted to ____28____ so many times but I never did, and that kept me ____29____ ,” he said.
Ashlee’s heart broke as she saw what her son was ____30____ . “Our life was completely upset, but we decided to just ____31____ each day,” she said.
The poster they hung on the wall in Michael’s hospital room ____32____ them greatly, which said, “It’s not what happens to you, but how you ____33____ that matters.”
Michael is now ____34____ day by day. He shares his experiences online to give ____35____ to others who are walking through the dark valley of life.
21. A. move B. return C. succeed D. survive
22. A. assumed B. discovered C. proved D. complained
23. A. judge B. accept C. understand D. identify
24. A. smooth B. hopeless C. hard D. awkward
25. A. pitiful B. silent C. low D. crazy
26. A. challenges B. expectations C. opportunities D. memories
27. A. anxiously B. hurriedly C. determinedly D. unwillingly
28. A. give up B. carry on C. smile away D. stay behind
29. A. alone B. alive C. absent D. ashamed
30. A. encountering B. controlling C. feeling D. suffering
31. A. count B. spend C. treasure D. consider
32. A. impressed B. inspired C. touched D. excited
33. A. react B. guess C. imagine D. explain
34. A. waiting B. trying C. observing D. recovering
35. A. attention B. pleasure C. trust D. hope
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了迈克尔·克莱默曾多次濒临死亡，但他都成功地活了下来。这个年轻人用他真实的战胜故事激励了很多人。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他曾多次濒临死亡，但他都成功地活了下来。A. move移动；B. return返回；C. succeed成功；D. survive生存。根据上文“So many times he came close to dying, but he has managed to”中but表示转折，说明他曾多次濒临死亡，但他都成功地活了下来。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他认为这是因为他感染了Covid-19。A. assumed认为；B. discovered发现；C. proved证明；D. complained投诉。根据后文“But after seeing the doctor, he learned he had got a cancer that would kill him. (但在看完医生后，他得知自己得了一种会要了他命的癌症)”可知，他一开始认为自己得了新冠，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：迈克尔和他的母亲阿什莉无法接受死刑判决。A. judge判断；B. accept接受；C. understand理解；D. identify识别。根据后文“He chose to fight for his life”可知，迈克尔和他的母亲阿什莉无法接受死刑判决。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他选择了为生命而战，经历了艰难的化疗之旅。A. smooth顺利的；B. hopeless绝望的；C. hard努力的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据后文“journey of chemo”可知，化疗的旅程是艰难的。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感觉很低落。A. pitiful可怜的；B. silent沉默的；C. low低的；D. crazy疯狂的。根据上文“The chemo was horrible. (化疗太可怕了)”可知，迈克尔经历了可怕的化疗，所以情绪低落。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一段漫长而缓慢的医院之旅，充满了挑战。A. challenges挑战；B. expectations期待；C. opportunities机会；D. memories记忆。根据上文“It was a long, slow journey of hospital trips”以及他经历了化疗，可知这是一段漫长而缓慢的医院之旅，充满了挑战。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，为了活下去，他毅然决然地与自己的身体作战。A. anxiously焦虑地；B. hurriedly匆忙地；C. determinedly决然地；D. unwillingly不情愿地。根据后文“went to war with his body in hopes of living”以及however表示转折，可知，为了活下去，他毅然决然地与自己的身体作战。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他说：“很多次我都想放弃，但我从来没有放弃，这让我活了下来。”A. give up放弃；B. carry on继续；C. smile away一笑置之；D. stay behind留下来。根据上文“It was no easy thing as his body had shut down in many extremely painful ways. (这不是一件容易的事，因为他的身体已经以许多极其痛苦的方式关闭了)”可知，疾病带来了很多痛苦，让迈克尔多次想要放弃，but表示转折，最后他没有放弃。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说：“很多次我都想放弃，但我从来没有放弃，这让我活了下来。”A. alone独自的；B. alive活着的；C. absent缺席的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据后文“He shares his experiences online”可知，迈克尔顽强活到现在。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾希莉看到儿子所遭受的痛苦，心都碎了。A. encountering遇到；B. controlling控制；C. feeling感觉；D. suffering遭受。呼应上文“It was no easy thing as his body had shut down in many extremely painful ways.”指迈克尔因为疾病遭受痛苦。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们的生活完全被打乱了，但我们决定好好珍惜每一天，”她说。A. count计算；B. spend花费；C. treasure珍惜；D. consider考虑。根据上文“Our life was completely upset, but we decided to just”中but表示转折，可知他们的生活完全被打乱了，但还是决定好好珍惜每一天，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们挂在迈克尔病房墙上的海报给了他们很大的启发，上面写着：“重要的不是你遭遇了什么，而是你的反应。”A. impressed印象深刻的；B. inspired受鼓舞的；C. touched感动的；D. excited激动的。根据后文可知，海报上写着“重要的不是你遭遇了什么，而是你的反应”，即激励的话语。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们挂在迈克尔病房墙上的海报给了他们很大的启发，上面写着：“重要的不是你遭遇了什么，而是你的反应。”A. react反应；B. guess猜测；C. imagine想象；D. explain解释。根据上文“It’s not what happens to you, but how you”可知，重要的不是你遭遇了什么，而是你的反应，即强调心态的重要性。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：迈克尔现在正在一天天康复。A. waiting等待；B. trying尝试；C. observing观察；D. recovering恢复。根据后文“He shares his experiences online”可知，迈克尔现在正在一天天康复，可以分享生活了。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在网上分享了自己的经历，希望给那些正在经历生命黑暗低谷的人带来希望。A. attention注意力；B. pleasure快乐；C. trust信任；D. hope希望。根据后文“to others who are walking through the dark valley of life”可知，他在网上分享了自己的经历，希望给那些正在经历生命黑暗低谷的人带来希望。也呼应第一段“This young man is encouraging so many people with his real-life overcomer story. (这个年轻人用他真实的战胜故事激励了很多人)”故选D。
第Ⅱ卷（满分55分）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(每空一词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
China is widely known for its ancient civilization (文明), and the writing system is one main reason why Chinese ancient civilization has continued into modern times.
At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language. It dates from the use of longgu — animal bones and shells on which symbols _____36_____ (carve雕刻) by ancient Chinese people. By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols had become a _____37_____ (complete) developed writing system. Over the years, the system has developed into different forms, leading ____38____ many varieties of dialects (方言) and characters. However, Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one country. Ever since, the Chinese writing system ____39____ (develop) in one direction. That writing system was of great _____40_____ (important) in uniting the Chinese people and culture. In modern times, written Chinese has become _____41_____ important way in which China’s present is connected with _____42_____ (it) past. People can read the classic works _____43_____ were written by Chinese in ancient times.
Today, with China _____44_____ (play) a greater role in the world, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this _______45_______ (amaze) language. Therefore, the Chinese writing system is still an essential part of Chinese culture.
【答案】36. were carved
pletely
38. to 39. has developed
40. importance
41 an 42. its
43. which##that
44. playing
45. amazing
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国文字系统的起源和发展。
【36题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：它可以追溯到古人使用龙骨——一种动物的骨头和贝壳，上面刻着符号。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文by ancient Chinese people可知应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为symbols，谓语用复数。故填were carved。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：到商代，这些符号已经成为一种完全发达的书写系统。修饰动词develop应用副词completely，故填completely。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：多年来，这个系统发展成不同的形式，导致了许多种类的方言和文字。短语lead to表示“导致”。故填to。
【39题详解】
考查时态。句意：从那时起，中国的文字系统就朝着一个方向发展。根据上文Ever since可知为现在完成时，主语为the Chinese writing system，助动词用has。故填has developed。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：这种文字系统在团结中国人民和文化方面非常重要。作介词of的宾语，应用名词importance。故填importance。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在现代，书面汉语已成为中国现在与过去联系的重要方式。此处way为泛指，且important是发音以元音音素开头的单词，故填an。
【42题详解】
考查代词。句意：在现代，书面汉语已成为中国现在与过去联系的重要方式。修饰名词past应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：人们可以阅读古代中国人写的经典作品。定语从句修饰先行词works，在从句作主语，指物，故填which/that。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，随着中国在世界上发挥更大的作用，越来越多的国际学生开始通过这门神奇的语言欣赏中国的文化和历史。此处China与play为主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补，故填playing。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：今天，随着中国在世界上发挥更大的作用，越来越多的国际学生开始通过这门神奇的语言欣赏中国的文化和历史。修饰名词language应用形容词amazing，作定语。故填amazing。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校最近开设了京剧社团(Peking Opera Club)，你担任团长。社团正在招收成员，你校留学生Eric喜爱京剧，请给他写一封电子邮件，邀请他加入社团。内容包括：
1. 写信的目的；
2. 社团活动简介；（了解京剧的相关知识，学习表演技巧，实践练习和交流，活动时间……）
3. 报名方式及截止日期。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇： 招收：recruit；报名sign up
Dear Eric,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Eric,
I’m Li Hua, head of our school’s newly-founded Peking Opera Club. We are recruiting members. Knowing that you are fond of Peking Opera, I’m writing to invite you to join it.
As club members, not only will we be able to learn basic knowledge and techniques of Peking Opera from professional performers, but we can also play roles in some shows. What’s more, we can share and exchange our feeling about performances with each other. All the activities will be held at weekends.
If you are interested, please sign up on our school website before January 31.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给留学生Eric写一份信邀请他参加学校的京剧社团。
【详解】1.词汇积累
喜欢：are fond of→ are keen on
基本的：basic→ fundamental
专业的：professional→ specializing
交流：exchange→ interchange
2.句式拓展
同义句替换
原句：What’s more, we can share and exchange our feeling about performances with each other.
同义句：Furthermore, we have the opportunity to share and discuss our thoughts on performances with one another.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing that you are fond of Peking Opera, I’m writing to invite you to join it. (运用了现在分词作状语)
【高分句型2】As club members, not only will we be able to learn basic knowledge and techniques of Peking Opera from professional performers, but we can also play roles in some shows.(运用了not only引导的部分倒装句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Adam, 8, and Peter, 10, played at the seaside with their mom every day. Every single day, they would come across an old man who would sit quietly on a chair, watching the waves.
One day, the brothers approached him. For some reason, the old man who always avoided people started a long conversation with the two boys and introduced himself as Walter Bridgeton. After a while, Peter finally asked the question they had been longing to ask: “Sir, why do you sit out here every day ”
“Well, I have been waiting here for my brother, James, for 10 years. We were in the army together and then were sent to different countries. This happened a long time ago. When we last saw each other, we promised to meet right here, where we used to walk with our mother,” the old man explained.
“How do you know he’s still coming ” Adam asked.
“That’s the thing. I don’t know. They gave me his army dog tags(军籍身份牌), but they never found him. He is still missing,” he said. The old man patted the boys’ heads and said, “Look after your brother, boys.”
The boys enjoyed his company ever since that day, and they were also surprised to know they lived near each other. Deeply moved by Walter’s story, the brothers decided to use social media to spread it, hoping to find his brother. One day, they went to the beach to tell him about what they did, but didn’t find him at his usual spot. “Something must have happened. Let’s go to his house now,” Peter said.
注意：
1.续写词数应为100左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
They knocked at the door when they got there.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】They knocked at the door when they got there. After a few seconds Walter opened the door. Behind him stood a man who looked exactly like him. The two boys were taken by surprise at the sight of the man. “It’s them! Those two boys posted your photo and address on the Internet!” the man shouted. Excitedly, Walter stepped forward and hugged the boys. “Thank you for finding my brother after forty-four long years!” he said. Looking at these two boys, memories of their past came flooding back to him. With a smile on his face, Walter patted their shoulders, saying, “Take good care of each other, boys. Brotherly love is the greatest strength in the world that can help you through any hard times.”
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文以人物生活细节展开，讲述了年幼的亚当和彼得兄弟两人在海边玩耍时，遇到一个十年如一日在这里等候失散多年兄弟的人，他叫Walter。逐渐熟识后，兄弟二人通过社交媒体，最终帮助Walter寻找到自己的兄弟的感人故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“他们到了那里，然后敲门。”可知，第一段可描写亚当和彼得兄弟二人发现沃特尔并没有像往常一般去海边，决定去他家中探明原因。
2.续写线索：登门到访——亲人团聚——感谢
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.看到：at the sight of/upon seeing
②.（回忆）浮现：flood back to/flash back to
③.拍打：pat/tap
情绪类
①.惊讶：be taken by surprise/be taken aback
②.激动地；动情地：excitedly/emotionally
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Behind him stood a man who looked exactly like him.（地点状语+stood+主语的完全倒装句型）
[高分句型2]. Looking at these two boys, memories of their past came flooding back to him.（由现在分词短语作状语）
[高分句型3]. Brotherly love is the greatest strength in the world that can help you through any hard times.（由that引导的定语从句）
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