长郡中学2022级高二上期阶段性检测
英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. How much should the man pay
A. $94. B. $95. C. $ 100.
2 What are the speakers talking about
A. Their father. B. The speech topic. C. Their business plan.
3. What will the man do next
A. Push the car. B. Replace the batteries. C. Sit in the driving seat.
4. What does Frank prefer to do
A. Stay with friends.
B. Watch a match on TV.
C. Play basketball.
5. Why didn’t Eric want to sunbathe during the holiday
A. He had to carry a heavy tyre.
B. He was afraid of being laughed at.
C. He had forgotten to take his swimsuit.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Brother and sister. B. Father and daughter. C. Mother and son.
7. How will the speakers celebrate Father’s Day
A. By making a nice jacket.
B. By holding a surprise party.
C. By creating a handmade book.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Why does the woman come here
A. To attend a birthday party.
B. To have a business talk.
C To meet some friends.
9. Who is the woman looking for
A. A man wearing a suit and tie, with his wife.
B. A man wearing a T-shirt and jeans, with his wife.
C. A woman wearing a T-shirt and jeans, with her friends.
10. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a cafe. B. In a theatre. C. In a gift shop.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What does Joe probably prefer to read
A. Poems. B. Horror fiction. C. Science books.
12. What does Jane think of Stray Birds
A. Interesting. B. Boring. C. Meaningful.
13. What day is it today
A. Wednesday. B. Thursday. C. Saturday.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is probably the woman
A. A reporter. B. A hostess. C. A writer.
15. Where was Herbert Wilde born
A. In Switzerland. B. In Italy. C. In Britain.
16. What is Herbert Wilde eager to get now
A. Fame. B. Freedom. C. Inspiration.
17. What does the woman expect Herbert Wilde to do
A. Be brave to follow his heart.
B. Enjoy the quietness in the countryside.
C. Manage to keep his work-life balance.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Why does Jacob Heil decide to climb the highest mountains in the world
A. To raise awareness of cancer.
B. To challenge himself.
C. To win a reward.
19. What worries Jacob most about climbing Mount Kilimanjaro
A. His physical health.
B. The unexpected challenges.
C. The height of the mountain.
20. What is Jacob like
A. Serious. B. Determined. C. Creative.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
There really are apps for everything and some could end up saving your life.
WhatsApp
Lots of us use WhatsApp for messaging and calling, but do you know it also has a Live Location feature that can let a loved one know your whereabouts in case you’re in danger You simply press the “+” key in a chat, select “Location”, and then press “Share Live Location”, which enables any participant in the chat to see your location in real time for the duration you choose.
SkinVision
You will have to pay for this digital skin check app, either on an ad hoc or a subscription basis, but with an estimated fifth of skin cancers going undiagnosed (未确诊的) during lockdown, it could be well worth it. You simply take a photo of any suspicious (可疑的) spot with your phone and you’ll then receive a risk indication from SkinVision’s clinically acknowledged technology within 30 seconds.
Stay Alive
With mental health problems on the increase, this prevention app could be extremely helpful. Developed by Grassroots, it offers a wealth of resources, ranging from strategies for staying grounded when you feel overwhelmed, to breathing exercises to direct links to national and local crisis resources.
St John Ambulance First Aid
An app like this is more useful for saving someone else’s life than your own, but arguably it’s a must-have on your smartphone. It gives advice in dealing with emergencies, including choking, allergic reactions and performing CPR. You don’t have to have an Internet connection in order to use it.
1. What can Skin Vision users do
A. They can learn first aid skills.
B. They can do skin check easily.
C. They can take beautiful photos.
D. They can share their accurate location.
2. What makes St John Ambulance First Aid unique
A. It offers advice on mental health.
B. It helps save both users and others.
C It is accessible only to online users.
D. It is of great benefit to cancer patients.
3. Which app may help track users
A. WhatsApp.
B. Skin Vision.
C. Stay Alive.
D. St John Ambulance First Aid.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四款能挽救你性命的应用程序。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据SkinVision中的“You will have to pay for this digital skin check app, either on an ad hoc or a subscription basis, but with an estimated fifth of skin cancers going undiagnosed(未确诊的)during lockdown, it could be well worth it. (你必须为这个数字皮肤检查应用程序付费，无论是临时还是订阅，但据估计，在封锁期间有五分之一的皮肤癌没有被诊断出来，这可能是非常值得的。)”可知，Skin Vision用户可以很容易地做皮肤检查。 故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据St John Ambulance First Aid中的“An app like this is more useful for saving someone else’s life than your own, but arguably it’s a must-have on your smartphone. (相比于拯救你自己的生命，这样的应用程序在拯救别人的生命方面更加有用，但可以说它是你智能手机上的必备软件。)”可知，St John Ambulance First Aid的独特之处是在于可以帮助拯救用户和其他人。 故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据WhatsApp中的“Lots of us use WhatsApp for messaging and calling, but do you know it also has a Live Location feature that can let a loved one know your whereabouts in case you’re in danger You simply press the “+” key in a chat, select “Location”, and then press “Share Live Location”, which enables any participant in the chat to see your location in real time for the duration you choose. (我们很多人用WhatsApp发消息和打电话，但你知道它还有实时定位功能吗 如果你有危险，它可以让你的爱人知道你在哪里？你只需在聊天中按下“+”键，选择“位置”，然后按下“共享实时位置”，就可以让聊天中的任何参与者在你选择的持续时间内实时看到你的位置。)”可知，WhatsApp应用程序可以帮助追踪用户。故选A。
B
We were designing a wheelchair for a college engineering course. My classmates were certain that we needed to use steel and they felt only steel would be strong enough. I thought steel would be too heavy and aluminum would be a better option. But the student who strongly advocated steel worked at a bike shop. A few days later, when the big and heavy steel arm kept dropping down, I wished I had shown more determination to defend my position.
I enjoyed doing handiwork and my parents would come home and see artworks I had finished that day—painting, clay sculpting, sewing stuffed animals, etc. But when I studied engineering in college, these pursuits were deep-sixed. Not only was I stretched for time, but I didn’t think they were relevant to my academic work. I hesitated to highlight my female crafting interests in the male-dominated engineering environment where I already felt like an outsider.
When I went on to pursue a Ph.D. — early in the pandemic, I felt anxious and turned to crafting. One day I was making a set of dice as a gift for a friend. While putting the liquid resin (树脂) into the silicone mold (硅胶模具), I made a joke to my partner that I was “injection molding” — a standard engineering manufacturing process. I suddenly realized that although resin art is not injection molding in the technical sense, it shares the spirit and probably some skills.
Soon I saw connections between engineering and crafting that I had previously overlooked. When working on the wheelchair project, I used my sewing skills to create cushioned grips for the handles. I saw how crafting taught me to persevere when my product didn’t match my initial vision and to consider the failed creation a learning experience, just as an engineer must.
Since then, I’ve built crafting back into my free time. I’ve also stopped hiding it from my colleagues. I mentioned my dice-making experience at a robotics conference and explained in a team meeting how we could gain inspiration from art experiences. I was glad that the responses were positive — not rude or dismissive, as I used to fear.
4. What can we know about the author and her classmates
A. They had a sort of love-hate relationship.
B. They worked part-time at a local bike shop.
C. They had disagreements when creating a wheelchair.
D. They knew nothing about the structure of wheelchairs.
5. What does the underlined word “deep-sixed” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Put aside. B. Backed up. C. Followed through. D. Dug out.
6. What did the author realize after making a gift for a friend
A. She should take up more hobbies. B. Crafting needs great practical skills.
C. She should become more determined. D. Crafting can help make her a better engineer.
7. Which of the following words can best describe the author
A. Creative but sensitive. B. Confident but stubborn.
C. Ambitious and strong-willed. D. Emotional and straightforward.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者从小就喜欢做手工，但是进入大学学习工程专业后，作者因为时间紧张、手工与学术工作无关，并且害怕因为喜欢手工而在男性主导的工程环境中受到排挤，所以放弃了手工，但是在一次给朋友做礼物之后，作者意识到手工制作可以帮助她成为一个更好的工程师，在与大学同学分享自己的手工经验后，也得到了正面积极的回应。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第二句和第三句“My classmates were certain that we needed to use steel and they felt only steel would be strong enough. I thought steel would be too heavy and aluminum would be a better option.(我的同学确信我们需要使用钢，他们觉得只有钢才足够坚固。我认为钢太重了，铝是更好的选择。)”可知，作者和同学之间在制作轮椅时有分歧。故选C。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段第三句“Not only was I stretched for time, but I didn’t think they were relevant to my academic work.(我不仅时间紧张，而且我认为它们与我的学术工作无关。)”可知，此处是指在大学时期这个追求被搁置了。所以deep-sixed意为“被搁置的”。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Soon I saw connections between engineering and crafting that I had previously overlooked. When working on the wheelchair project, I used my sewing skills to create cushioned grips for the handles. I saw how crafting taught me to persevere when my product didn’t match my initial vision and to consider the failed creation a learning experience, just as an engineer must.(很快我就发现了我之前忽视的工程和工艺之间的联系。在做轮椅项目的时候，我用我的缝纫技巧为轮椅的把手制作了软垫把手。当我的产品不符合我最初的设想时，我看到了手工制作如何教会我坚持下去，并将失败的创作视为一次学习经验，就像工程师必须做的那样。)”可知，给朋友做礼物后，作者意识到手工制作可以帮助她成为一个更好的工程师。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“I hesitated to highlight my female crafting interests in the male-dominated engineering environment where I already felt like an outsider.(在男性主导的工程环境中，我已经感觉自己像个局外人，我犹豫着要不要强调我作为女性对手工艺的兴趣。)”可知，作者是个很敏感的人。根据第二段第一句“I enjoyed doing handiwork and my parents would come home and see artworks I had finished that day—painting, clay sculpting, sewing stuffed animals, etc.(我喜欢做手工，父母回家后会看到我当天完成的艺术品——绘画、泥塑、缝制毛绒玩具等等。)”可知，作者很有创造力。故选A。
C
Have you ever felt the urge to input critical financial information on a not-so-familiar business’s website Would you dare to entrust your credit card details or passwords to potentially unsafe trading platforms
Researchers from the University of Vienna have tackled this dilemma by designing an unconditionally secure system for conducting trade in such situations. This solution is “quantum (量子)-digital payments” which combines cryptographic (加密的) methods with the properties of quantum light.
In today’s payment ecosystem, customers’ sensitive data is replaced by sets of random numbers, and the uniqueness of each trade is secured by a classical cryptographic method. However, companies with powerful computational resources can break these codes and recover the customers’ private data, and for example, make payments in their name.
A research team led by professor Philip Walther from the University of Vienna has shown how the quantum properties of light can ensure security for digital payments. In an experiment, the researchers demonstrated that each trade cannot be copied. They replaced classical cryptographic techniques with a quantum protocol (协议) using single photons, a unit of energy. During the course of a classical digital payment trade, the client shares a classical code called cryptogram with his payment provider. This cryptogram is then passed on between the customer, businessmen, and payment provider. In the demonstrated quantum protocol this cryptogram is generated by having the payment provider sending particularly prepared single photons to the client.
The researchers successfully conducted quantum-digital payments, connecting two university buildings in downtown Vienna. Digital payments currently operate within a few seconds. “At present, our protocol takes a few minutes of quantum communication to complete a trade. This is to guarantee security in the presence of noise and losses,” says Philip Walther. “However, these time limitations are only of technological nature. We will witness that quantum-digital payments reach practical performance in the very near future.”
8. It can be inferred from the first two paragraphs that ______.
A. the secure system “quantum-digital payments” have solved all the digital payment troubles
B. people have fear about false information
C. people are urged to rely on business s website
D. people have concern about digital payment safety
9. What is a disadvantage of the present payment system
A. The convenience of payment can’t be enjoyed. B. Customers’ private data may be leaked.
C. The uniqueness of trade can’t be ensured. D. Customer payment choices are limited.
10. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A. How digital payment proves safer. B. How quantum-digital payment works.
C Why single photons are necessary. D. What is important for online trade.
11. What is Philip’s attitude towards quantum-digital payment
A. Confident. B. Doubtful. C. Unclear. D. Conservative.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种解决平台交易安全问题的方案——“量子数字支付”。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Have you ever felt the urge to input critical financial information on a not-so-familiar business’s website Would you dare to entrust your credit card details or passwords to potentially unsafe trading platforms (你是否曾经想要在一个不太熟悉的企业网站上输入重要的财务信息？你敢把你的信用卡信息或密码委托给可能不安全的交易平台吗？)”可知，人们担忧电子支付的安全性。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“In today’s payment ecosystem, customers’ sensitive data is replaced by sets of random numbers, and the uniqueness of each trade is secured by a classical cryptographic method. However, companies with powerful computational resources can break these codes and recover the customers’ private data, and for example, make payments in their name.(在当今的支付生态系统中，客户的敏感数据被一组随机数所取代，每笔交易的唯一性都由经典的加密方法来保证。然而，拥有强大计算资源的公司可以破解这些代码，恢复客户的私人数据，例如，以客户的名义付款)”可知，目前的支付系统的缺点是客户的私人数据可能被泄露。故选B。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段中“In an experiment, the researchers demonstrated that each trade cannot be copied. They replaced classical crystallographic techniques with a quantum protocol (协议) using single photons, a unit of energy. (在一项实验中，研究人员证明了每种交易都是不可复制的。他们用一种使用单光子(一种能量单位)的量子协议取代了经典的晶体学技术)”以及“In the demonstrated quantum protocol this cryptogram is generated by having the payment provider sending particularly prepared single photons to the client. (在演示的量子协议中，通过让支付提供者向客户端发送特别准备的单光子来生成该密码)”可知，本段主要讲了量子数字支付是如何工作的。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“We will witness that quantum-digital payments reach practical performance in the very near future. (我们将在不久的将来见证量子数字支付达到实际应用)”可知，Philip对量子数字支付的态度是有信心的。故选A。
D
This week, Google researchers published a paper describing results from an AI tool built to create music. The tool, called MusicLM, is not the first AI music tool to be launched. But the examples Google provided demonstrate musical creative ability based on a limited set of descriptive words.
Several different music examples produced by MusicLM were published online. Some of the generated music came from just one- or two-word descriptions, such as “jazz”, “rock” or “techno (高科技舞曲)”. The tool also created other examples from more detailed descriptions containing whole sentences.
In one example, Google researchers included these instructions to MusicLM, “It is a soundtrack of a game. It is fast-paced and upbeat, with a catchy electric guitar riff (反复乐节). The music is repetitive and easy to remember, but with unexpected sounds ...” In the resulting recording, the music seemed to keep very close to the description. The team said the more detailed the description was, the better the system could attempt to produce it.
The MusicLM model operates similarly to the machine-learning systems used by ChatGPT. ChatGPT and MusicLM both require powerful computers to operate complex machine-learning models. The San Francisco-based company OpenAI launched ChatGPT late last year. ChatGPT has recently received a lot of attention because of its ability to generate complex writings and other content from just a simple description in natural languages. Such tools can produce human-like results because they are trained on huge amounts of data. Many different materials are fed into the systems to permit them to learn complex skills to create realistic works.
However, the MusicLM researchers said there were some risks linked to the new tool. One of the biggest issues the researchers identified was biases (偏好) present in the training data. A bias might be including too much of one side and not enough of the other. The researchers said this raised a question about appropriateness for music generation for cultures underrepresented in the training data.
12. What can we learn about MusicLM
A. It is the first AI music tool to be launched.
B. It requires detailed descriptions of full sentences.
C. It creates music based on simple descriptive words.
D. It generates complex writings from a simple description.
13. What is the similarity between ChatGPT and MusicLM
A. They can take the place of musicians. B. They have gained commercial success.
C. They don't have any practical use in life. D. They are based on huge amounts of data.
14. Which of the following is an issue of the MusicLM model
A. Creating music with strong biases. B. Requiring too much training data.
C. Being difficult for some people to use. D. Producing music works with no creativity.
15. What would be the best title for the text
A. The future of humans with AI B. A new AI tool to make music
C. Music created by some AI tools D. AI and its function in culture development
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了谷歌研发了一种叫做MusicLM的AI智能工具，这种AI工具可以根据书面描述和其他输入创建音乐。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“But the examples Google provided demonstrate musical creative ability based on a limited set of descriptive words.(但谷歌提供的例子展示了基于有限的描述性词语的音乐创作能力。)”和第二段中“Several different music examples produced by MusicLM were published online. Some of the generated music came from just one- or two-word descriptions, such as ‘jazz’, ‘rock’ or ‘techno (高科技舞曲)’. (MusicLM制作的几个不同的音乐示例在网上发布。一些生成的音乐仅来自一两个词的描述，如‘爵士’、‘摇滚’或‘科技’。)”可知，关于MusicLM我们能了解到它能根据简单的描述词创作音乐。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Such tools can produce human-like results because they are trained on huge amounts of data. (这些工具可以产生类似人类的结果，因为它们经过了大量数据的训练。)”可知， ChatGPT和MusicLM之间的相似之处是它们都是基于大量的数据。故选D项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“One of the biggest issues the researchers identified was biases (偏好) present in the training data. A bias might be including too much of one side and not enough of the other. (研究人员发现的最大问题之一是训练数据中存在的偏见。偏见可能是包括了太多的一方面，而没有足够的另一方面。)”可知，MusicLM模型的问题是创作带有强烈偏见的音乐。故选A项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“This week, Google researchers published a paper describing results from an AI tool built to create music. The tool, called MusicLM, is not the first AI music tool to be launched. (本周，谷歌研究人员发表了一篇论文，描述了一种用于创作音乐的人工智能工具的结果。这个名为MusicLM的工具并不是第一个推出的人工智能音乐工具。)”并结合全文可知，本文讲述了谷歌研发出叫做MusicLM的AI智能工具，这种AI工具可以根据书面描述和其他输入创建音乐。选项B符合主题，故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It is commonly thought that productivity involves doing several things at once. ___16___ Newport, the author of Deep Work, describes the benefits of focusing on one thing and doing it with excellence. He explains deep work as “the ability to focus without distraction on a cognitively (认知地) demanding task.” ___17___
According to Newport, deep work is an invaluable skill in today’s economy. It allows you to learn difficult things quickly. Most people are distracted when they work, so if you learn to work without distraction, that gives you an advantage. ___18___ Developing excellence in one’s craft can be deeply satisfying.
It’s important to schedule deep work into your day. Otherwise, it’s easy to let your time fill up with shallow work. Newport recommends doing deep work as your first task of the day. ___19___ Shallow work does need to get done, but if you save it for later in the day, you can get your deep work done, too.
Because deep work is by definition cognitively demanding, you won’t be able to do it all day. Beginners can usually only focus on deep work for approximately an hour, and even experts have trouble going more than four hours. ___20___ If you really focus, you’ll be surprised at how much you accomplish in a few hours.
A. So set reasonable goals for yourself.
B. Concentration is an increasingly valuable skill.
C. That way you get it done before distractions build up.
D. But the secret to success is the opposite of multitasking.
E. Without smartphones, you fall into deep work more easily.
F. It also enables you to produce to the best of your ability and acquire new skills quickly.
G. It differs from shallow work, which consists of simple tasks performed while distracted.
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. F 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了深度工作的重要性以及怎样才能有效进行深度工作。
【16题详解】
上文“It is commonly thought that productivity involves doing several things at once. (人们普遍认为，效率包括同时做几件事。)” 和下文“Newport, the author of Deep Work, describes the benefits of focusing on one thing and doing it with excellence. (《深度工作》一书的作者纽波特描述了专注于一件事并把它做好的好处。)”推知，空处和上文观点相反，选项D“但成功的秘诀是与多任务处理相反。”承上启下，转折上文语义。故选D项。
【17题详解】
上文“He explains deep work as ‘the ability to focus without distraction on a cognitively (认知地) demanding task.’(他将深度工作解释为‘专注于一项要求认知能力的任务而不分散注意力的能力’。)”解释了深度工作的概念，选项G“它不同于浅度的工作，浅度的工作是在分心的情况下完成简单的任务。”承接上文，说明深度工作和浅度工作的不同。故选G项。
【18题详解】
上文“It allows you to learn difficult things quickly. Most people are distracted when they work, so if you learn to work without distraction, that gives you an advantage. (它可以让你快速学习困难的东西。大多数人在工作时都会分心，所以如果你学会不受干扰地工作，你就会有优势。)”指出深度工作的优势，选项F“它还能使你充分发挥自己的能力，并迅速掌握新技能。”承接上文，继续说明深度工作的优势。故选F项。
【19题详解】
上文“It’s important to schedule deep work into your day. Otherwise, it’s easy to let your time fill up with shallow work. Newport recommends doing deep work as your first task of the day. (在一天中安排深度工作是很重要的。否则，很容易让你的时间被肤浅的工作填满。纽波特建议将深度工作作为一天的第一项任务。)”指出在一天中安排深度工作是很重要的，并建议将其作为一天的第一项任务，选项C“这样你就能在分心之前完成工作。”承接上文，和上文存在因果关系。故选C项。
【20题详解】
上文“Beginners can usually only focus on deep work for approximately an hour, and even experts have trouble going more than four hours. (初学者通常只能专注于深度工作大约一个小时，即使是专家也很难超过四个小时。)”说明深度工作不能过于持久，选项A“所以要为自己设定合理的目标。”承接上文，和上文存在因果关系。故选A项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
At an airport I overheard a father and daughter in their last moments together. The airline had announced her plane’s____21____and he said to his daughter, “I love you. I wish you enough.”
She said, “Daddy, our life together has been more than enough. Your____22____is all I needed. I wish you enough, too, Daddy.” They kissed good-bye and she left.
I could see he wanted and needed to cry. I tried not to____23____his privacy, but he welcomed me in by asking. “Did you ever say good-bye to someone knowing it would be____24____ ” “Yes.” I replied.
Saying that brought back memories I had of expressing my love and____25____for all my Dad had done for me. Recognizing that his days were____26____, I kept telling him face to face how much he meant to me.____27____I knew what this man was experiencing.
“Why is this a forever good-bye ” I asked.
“I am old and she lives too far away. And the reality is, her next trip back will be for my____28____,” he said.
“When you were saying good-bye I heard you say, ‘I wish you enough’. What does that mean ”
He began to smile. “That’s a wish that has been____29____from other generations. My parents used to say it to everyone.” He paused and looked up as if trying to remember it_____30_____. He smiled even more.
“When we said ‘I wish you enough’ we wanted you to have a life filled with enough good things to_____31_____you,” he continued and shared the following as if he were reciting it from_____32_____.
“I wish you enough sun to keep your attitude bright. I wish you enough pain so that the smallest____33____ in life appears much bigger. I wish you enough gain to satisfy your desire. I wish you enough loss to appreciate all that you ____34____”
He then began to_____35_____and walked away.
21. A. arrival B. departure C. delay D. cancel
22. A. grocery B. wealth C. love D. reward
23. A. disturb B. evaluate C. shelter D. pursue
24. A. temporary B. forever C. blank D. separate
25. A. appreciation B. sympathy C. approval D. greatness
26. A. precise B. numerous C. wasted D. limited
27. A. Gradually B. Naturally C. Unexpectedly D. Hopefully
28. A. birthday B. celebration C. funeral D. anniversary
29. A. handed down B. carried out C. worn down D. sorted out
30. A. in detail B. in action C. on purpose D. with regret
31. A. access B. host C. support D. label
32. A. history B. text C. childhood D. memory
33. A. sadness B. joy C. jealousy D. misfortune
34. A. possess B. abandon C. wonder D. expect
35. A. smile B. freeze C. sob D. shout
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在机场看到一对父女离别时的场景，后来作者与这位父亲聊天，他的话令作者感触颇深。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：航空公司宣布了她的航班起飞，他对女儿说：我爱你。A. arrival到达；B. departure离开；C. delay延迟；D. cancel取消。根据上文“At an airport I overheard a father and daughter in their last moments together.”提到我无意中听到一对父女在一起的最后时刻。由此可知，此处应表示老人在送女儿离开，所以空处指航空公司宣布了她的航班起飞。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的爱就是我所需要的一切。A. grocery杂货店；B. wealth财富；C. love爱；D. reward奖励。根据上文“he said to his daughter, “I love you. I wish you enough.””提到父亲对女儿表达的爱，由此可知，此处应表示女儿也做出同样的反馈。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我尽量不打扰他的隐私，但他还是主动邀请我交谈。A. disturb打扰；B. evaluate评价；C. shelter提供庇护；D. pursue追求。根据下文“but he welcomed me in by asking.”作者说明还是主动邀请我交谈，由此可推知，此处应表示作者尽量不打扰他的隐私。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你有没有跟一个人说再见，知道这将是永远？A. temporary临时的；B. forever永久的；C. blank空白的；D. separate分开的。根据下文““Why is this a forever good-bye ””可知，老人在询问作者是否有过和一个人永久告别的经历。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这句话让我回想起我对爸爸为我所做的一切表达我的爱和感激。A. appreciation感激；B. sympathy同情；C. approval赞同；D. greatness伟大。根据句意以及该句中的“expressing my love”由此可知，此处应表示，作者在此回忆之前对父所做的一切表达爱和感激。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到他的日子不多了，我不断地当面告诉他，他对我有多重要。A. precise准确的；B. numerous很多的；C. wasted浪费的；D. limited有限的。根据下文“I kept telling him face to face how much he meant to me.”提到我不断地当面告诉他，他对我有多重要，由此可知，此处应表示作者意识到父亲当时的日子不多了。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我自然知道这个人正在经历什么。A. Gradually渐渐地；B. Naturally自然地；C. Unexpectedly出乎意料地；D. Hopefully有希望地。根据上下文语境可知，作者有过类似的经历，自然而然地知道这个老人正在经历的事情。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：而现实是，她下次回来将是参加我的葬礼。A. birthday生日；B. celebration庆祝；C. funeral葬礼；D. anniversary纪念日。根据上文“I am old and she lives too far away.”由此可知，老人年纪较大，与女儿相隔很远，所以觉得女儿下次回来是在自己的葬礼上。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这是祖祖辈辈传下来的愿望。A. handed down传下来；B. carried out执行；C. worn down磨损；D. sorted out分类。根据下文“My parents used to say it to everyone.”提到我父母以前对每个人都这么说。由此可知，此处应表示这是祖祖辈辈传下来的愿望。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：他停顿了一下，抬起头来，好像在详细地回忆这个祝愿的内容。A. in detail详细地；B. in action在行动；C. on purpose故意地；D. with regret带着遗憾。根据下文内容“I wish you enough sun to keep your attitude bright…”由此可知，此处应表示老人抬起头，好像在详细地回忆这个祝愿的内容。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们希望你的生活充满足够的美好事物来支持着你。A. access进入；B. host主持；C. support支持；D. label贴标签。根据上文“When we said ‘I wish you enough”以及“we wanted you to have a life filled with enough good things”由此可知，此处应表示希望你的生活充满足够的美好事物来支持你。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他继续说，并分享了以下内容，就像他从记忆中背诵出来的一样。A. history历史；B. text文章；C. childhood儿童时期；D. memory记忆。根据句意以及上文“he continued and shared the following”由此可知，此处应表示老人分享了以下内容，就像他从记忆中背诵出来的一样。from memory“凭记忆”。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望你经历足够的痛苦，让生命中最小的快乐也变得更大。A. sadness悲伤；B. joy快乐；C. jealousy嫉妒；D. misfortune不幸。根据上文“I wish you enough pain”我希望你经历足够的痛苦，以及so that可知，此处应表示我希望你经历足够的痛苦，这样哪怕生命中最小的快乐也变得更大。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望你有足够的损失来珍惜你所拥有的一切。A. possess拥有；B. abandon抛弃；C. wonder想知道；D. expect期望。根据句意以及上文“I wish you enough loss to appreciate”由此可知，此处应表示我希望你有足够的损失来珍惜你所拥有的一切。失去之后才会感激现在所拥有的。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他开始哭泣，走开了。A. smile微笑；B. freeze冻结；C. sob哭泣；D. shout大叫。根据上下文语境以及下文“and walked away”由此可推知，此处应表示然后他开始哭泣，走开了。从前文提示可知老人在女儿离开之后想哭，并且也需要哭，最后在与作者分享完之后，终于发泄了自己的情绪。故选C项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For better or for worse, the widespread and ___36___ (unlimit) use of drones will affect our lives in different ways. It is certain that as the technology gets more advanced, more drones ___37___ (fly) in the sky. ___38___ all the wonderful functions that drones perform, they may also cause trouble.
Take air traffic for example. When passenger drones are flying above our cities in large ___39___ (quantity), the sky will be getting more and more crowded. As a result, they are ___40___ (likely) to crash into each other. In addition, drones cause much trouble for airlines as some of them fly near airports, ___41___ (pose) a threat to planes that are taking off or landing. Another risk is ___42___people might take advantage of drones to harm others. For instance, as more people will be using drones for photography in the future, some might spy on and take photographs of others without their knowledge. ___43___ (legal) hunters might also use drones to track and kill animals.
Such issues must be addressed. The government needs to make laws ___44___ (monitor) the production and use of drones. For example, in some countries, ____45____remote pilot licence is required in order to fly a drone for business purposes. At the moment, different countries are developing air traffic control systems that can manage large numbers of drones. Police forces around the world are also looking at ways of stopping drones from flying near airports and stadiums.
【答案】36. unlimited
37. will be flying##will fly
38. Despite
39. quantities
40. more likely
41. posing 42. that
43. Illegal
44. to monitor
45. a
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了无人机的广泛和无限制的使用将以不同的方式影响我们的生活。可以肯定的是，随着技术的进步，更多的无人机将在天空中飞行。尽管无人机有各种奇妙的功能，但它们也可能带来麻烦。
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：不管是好是坏，无人机的广泛和无限制的使用将以不同的方式影响我们的生活。由and连接的widespread为形容词可知，此处也应为形容词，共同作定语修饰名词use。故填unlimited。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：可以肯定的是，随着技术的进步，更多的无人机将在天空中飞行。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，结合句意可知，该句应为陈述将来发生的事情，所以此处应为一般将来时或者将来进行时。故填will be flying/will fly。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：尽管无人机有各种奇妙的功能，但它们也可能带来麻烦。根据句意以及空后all the wonderful functions为名词短语可知，此处为介词Despite“尽管”，满足句意要求。故填Despite。
【39题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：当大量的客运无人机在我们的城市上空飞行时，天空将变得越来越拥挤。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语in large quantities“大量地”，满足句意要求。故填quantities。
【40题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：因此，它们更有可能相互碰撞。根据“the sky will be getting more and more crowded”和句意可知，此处为形容词比较级more likely“更有可能”，满足句意要求。故填more likely。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，无人机给航空公司带来了很多麻烦，因为其中一些无人机在机场附近飞行，对起飞或降落的飞机构成威胁。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，pose和逻辑主语drones为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填posing。
【42题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：另一个风险是，人们可能会利用无人机伤害他人。分析句子可知，此处为从属连词that引导的表语从句，从句结构完整，that在从句中不充当成分，无实意。故填that。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：非法猎人也可能使用无人机追踪和杀死动物。由空后hunters为名词可知，此处为形容词legal的否定形式illegal“非法的”作定语修饰hunters，满足句意要求，放在句首，首字母大写。故填Illegal。
【44题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：政府需要制定法律来监控无人机的生产和使用。分析句子可知，此处为动词不定式to do表示“为了……”作目的状语，满足句意要求。故填to monitor。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：例如，在一些国家，为了商业目的驾驶无人机需要远程飞行员执照。根据句意以及空后remote pilot licence为单数名词可知，此处为表示泛指“一个远程飞行员执照”为泛指概念，结合remote为首音节辅音单词，所以为不定冠词a的填入。故填a。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你校学生体育运动情况。请给他回信，内容包括：
1. 学校的体育场馆；
2. 主要的运动项目；
3. 你喜欢的项目。
注意：1. 词数100左右：
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Peter,
I am exceedingly delighted to hear from you. You asked me in your last letter about the physical exercise in our school and the following information may give you a rough sketch.
To begin with, a fabulous new stadium has been built up, which has become the new landmark in our school. Moreover, with the stadium set up, a wide range of sports events are able to be held, of which ping-pong, football as well as running competitions enjoy great popularity. As for me, I’m intoxicated with basketball since it has been giving me strength to confront the challenges in my life.
All in all, I sincerely invite you to come to our school and see for yourself.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【详解】本题作文为提纲式作文，形式依然是书信，即给英国朋友Peter介绍学校体育运动情况，属于学校生活话题。这一话题贴合学生生活的实际，学生并不陌生，有话可说。
首先可以介绍学校的体育场馆，场馆的位置，大小，开放时间等等。然后简要介绍学校主要开设的体育项目有哪些，可挑选一到两个做详细介绍，如学生的活动时间，活动形式，以及此类活动的好处等。再次简要分析自己喜欢的体育项目是什么，并简单分析喜欢的原因，自己从中得到的益处等。文章可主要采用一般现在时态，第一人称的方式来写。
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When school was over, the day was fading and it started to drizzle(毛毛雨). I stood at the school gate, with a loaded backpack on my shoulders. It was Friday again: a weekend of joy with unlimited sleeping hours and dinner courses specially made to my taste, a weekend at home. I waved goodbye to my friends as they jumped into their fathers’ warm and comfortable cars. Curiously, this gave rise to a disturbing feeling in me. It was not exactly what they called jealousy, but something like dismay(沮丧). I knew all I could expect was an old bike Mom would ride along on, with the badly-oiled chain creaking(嘎吱作响) against the wheel to announce her arrival.
Every Friday when Mom came to pick me up for the weekend, it was a moment full of great expectation and great unease. I always felt my face burning as we rode our way in and out of the numerous cars and saw my friends’ faces sticking out of the car windows. It was like stepping into a ballroom with beautifully dressed ladies and finding yourself in a smelly T-shirt.
To tell you the truth, Mom is quite a headache once in a while. She just looks a homely middle-aged housewife. Being a practitioner of DIY, she knits most of my sweaters, chiefly in old styles. Whenever caught by some curious classmates asking what brand my sweaters are, I’d force a smile and reply in a half joking manner: homemade.
I couldn’t remember when I started to find her such an embarrassment. As a little boy, I relied on her so much. She had been working at home, cooking in the kitchen, knitting by the lamp or riding across town to buy me a book I badly needed. It had always been much fun riding with mom. But just now there seemed to be something standing between us, something that made her so strange to me and me to her.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Today she showed up in a raincoat.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mom tried to cover me with the back of the raincoat again as a storm set in.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Today she showed up in a raincoat. Seeing her standing in the heavy rain with all the body wet, I finally could not control myself and shouted at her, “Why do you look so flustered I don’t need you to take me home. I feel ashamed to have a mother like you!” Suddenly, Mom was shocked and silent. Maybe, she had never thought that I would have that feeling of her appearance and our home condition. She said nothing and just covered the raincoat on me. I pushed it away wildly.
Mom tried to cover me with the back of the raincoat again as a storm set in. With a smile, she said, “Dear son, I’m trying my best to earn our living, and I’m sure that if we work harder, we will get whatever we want in the future.” Hearing her words, I felt embarrassed. I thought of the time when she knitted in the deep night and cooked for me in the early morning. Yes, she had always been doing whatever she could to make me live well. But I was still unsatisfied. I had known that if I wanted to get what others had, I should spare no efforts to study hard and get it by myself.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述作者在同学们都是被爸爸们的汽车接回家的时候，他的妈妈却是骑着破旧自行车来接他，这让他感到很丢人，但一个大雨天的经历让作者认识到了自己的错误。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“今天，她穿着雨衣出现了。”可知，第一段可描写作者在看到他的妈妈穿着雨衣出现在学校门口的时候的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“暴风雨来临时，妈妈又试图用雨衣背面盖住我。”可知，第二段可描写作者在和妈妈交流之后，终于认识到了妈妈的辛苦，并且下定决心要通过自己的努力获得他想要的生活。
2.续写线索：看到妈妈——生气——朝妈妈吼叫——妈妈说话——认识到错误
3.词汇积累
行为类
①尽全力做某事：try one’s best to do/ spare no efforts to do/do whatever one can to do
②谋生：earn our living/ make our living
③做饭：cook/make food
情绪类
①羞愧的：ashamed/abashed
②震惊的：shocked/surprised
【点睛】【高分句型1】Maybe, she had never thought that I would have that feeling of her appearance and our home condition.（由that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】I’m sure that if we work harder, we will get whatever we want in the future.（由that引导的宾语从句、if引导的条件状语从句和whatever引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型3】I thought of the time when she knitted in the deep night and cooked for me in the early morning.（由when引导的定语从句）
【高分句型4】Yes, she had always been doing whatever she could to make me live well.（由whatever引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型5】I had known that if I wanted to get what others had, I should spare no efforts to study hard and get it by myself.（由that引导的宾语从句、if引导的条件状语从句和what引导的宾语从句）长郡中学2022级高二上期阶段性检测
英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. How much should the man pay
A. $94. B. $95. C. $ 100.
2. What are the speakers talking about
A. Their father. B. The speech topic. C. Their business plan.
3. What will the man do next
A. Push the car. B. Replace the batteries. C. Sit in the driving seat.
4. What does Frank prefer to do
A. Stay with friends.
B. Watch a match on TV.
C. Play basketball.
5. Why didn’t Eric want to sunbathe during the holiday
A. He had to carry a heavy tyre.
B. He was afraid of being laughed at.
C. He had forgotten to take his swimsuit.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Brother and sister. B. Father and daughter. C. Mother and son.
7. How will the speakers celebrate Father’s Day
A. By making a nice jacket.
B. By holding a surprise party.
C. By creating a handmade book.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Why does the woman come here
A. To attend a birthday party.
B. To have a business talk.
C. To meet some friends.
9. Who is the woman looking for
A. A man wearing a suit and tie, with his wife.
B. A man wearing a T-shirt and jeans, with his wife.
C. A woman wearing a T-shirt and jeans, with her friends.
10. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a cafe. B. In a theatre. C. In a gift shop.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What does Joe probably prefer to read
A. Poems. B. Horror fiction. C. Science books.
12. What does Jane think of Stray Birds
A. Interesting. B. Boring. C. Meaningful.
13. What day is it today
A. Wednesday. B. Thursday. C. Saturday.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is probably the woman
A. A reporter. B. A hostess. C. A writer.
15. Where was Herbert Wilde born
A. In Switzerland. B. In Italy. C. In Britain.
16. What is Herbert Wilde eager to get now
A. Fame. B. Freedom. C. Inspiration.
17. What does the woman expect Herbert Wilde to do
A. Be brave to follow his heart.
B. Enjoy the quietness in the countryside.
C. Manage to keep his work-life balance.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Why does Jacob Heil decide to climb the highest mountains in the world
A. To raise awareness of cancer.
B. To challenge himself.
C. To win a reward.
19. What worries Jacob most about climbing Mount Kilimanjaro
A. His physical health.
B. The unexpected challenges.
C. The height of the mountain.
20. What is Jacob like
A. Serious. B. Determined. C. Creative.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
There really are apps for everything and some could end up saving your life.
WhatsApp
Lots of us use WhatsApp for messaging and calling, but do you know it also has a Live Location feature that can let a loved one know your whereabouts in case you’re in danger You simply press the “+” key in a chat, select “Location”, and then press “Share Live Location”, which enables any participant in the chat to see your location in real time for the duration you choose.
SkinVision
You will have to pay for this digital skin check app, either on an ad hoc or a subscription basis, but with an estimated fifth of skin cancers going undiagnosed (未确诊的) during lockdown, it could be well worth it. You simply take a photo of any suspicious (可疑的) spot with your phone and you’ll then receive a risk indication from SkinVision’s clinically acknowledged technology within 30 seconds.
Stay Alive
With mental health problems on the increase, this prevention app could be extremely helpful. Developed by Grassroots, it offers a wealth of resources, ranging from strategies for staying grounded when you feel overwhelmed, to breathing exercises to direct links to national and local crisis resources.
St John Ambulance First Aid
An app like this is more useful for saving someone else’s life than your own, but arguably it’s a must-have on your smartphone. It gives advice in dealing with emergencies, including choking, allergic reactions and performing CPR. You don’t have to have an Internet connection in order to use it.
1. What can Skin Vision users do
A. They can learn first aid skills.
B. They can do skin check easily.
C. They can take beautiful photos.
D. They can share their accurate location.
2. What makes St John Ambulance First Aid unique
A. It offers advice on mental health.
B. It helps save both users and others.
C. It is accessible only to online users.
D. It is of great benefit to cancer patients.
3. Which app may help track users
A. WhatsApp.
B. Skin Vision.
C. Stay Alive.
D. St John Ambulance First Aid.
B
We were designing a wheelchair for a college engineering course. My classmates were certain that we needed to use steel and they felt only steel would be strong enough. I thought steel would be too heavy and aluminum would be a better option. But the student who strongly advocated steel worked at a bike shop. A few days later, when the big and heavy steel arm kept dropping down, I wished I had shown more determination to defend my position.
I enjoyed doing handiwork and my parents would come home and see artworks I had finished that day—painting, clay sculpting, sewing stuffed animals, etc. But when I studied engineering in college, these pursuits were deep-sixed. Not only was I stretched for time, but I didn’t think they were relevant to my academic work. I hesitated to highlight my female crafting interests in the male-dominated engineering environment where I already felt like an outsider.
When I went on to pursue a Ph.D. — early in the pandemic, I felt anxious and turned to crafting. One day I was making a set of dice as a gift for a friend. While putting the liquid resin (树脂) into the silicone mold (硅胶模具), I made a joke to my partner that I was “injection molding” — a standard engineering manufacturing process. I suddenly realized that although resin art is not injection molding in the technical sense, it shares the spirit and probably some skills.
Soon I saw connections between engineering and crafting that I had previously overlooked. When working on the wheelchair project, I used my sewing skills to create cushioned grips for the handles. I saw how crafting taught me to persevere when my product didn’t match my initial vision and to consider the failed creation a learning experience, just as an engineer must.
Since then, I’ve built crafting back into my free time. I’ve also stopped hiding it from my colleagues. I mentioned my dice-making experience at a robotics conference and explained in a team meeting how we could gain inspiration from art experiences. I was glad that the responses were positive — not rude or dismissive, as I used to fear.
4. What can we know about the author and her classmates
A. They had a sort of love-hate relationship.
B. They worked part-time at a local bike shop.
C. They had disagreements when creating a wheelchair.
D. They knew nothing about the structure of wheelchairs.
5. What does the underlined word “deep-sixed” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Put aside. B. Backed up. C. Followed through. D. Dug out.
6. What did the author realize after making a gift for a friend
A. She should take up more hobbies. B. Crafting needs great practical skills.
C. She should become more determined. D. Crafting can help make her a better engineer.
7. Which of the following words can best describe the author
A. Creative but sensitive. B. Confident but stubborn.
C. Ambitious and strong-willed. D. Emotional and straightforward.
C
Have you ever felt the urge to input critical financial information on a not-so-familiar business’s website Would you dare to entrust your credit card details or passwords to potentially unsafe trading platforms
Researchers from the University of Vienna have tackled this dilemma by designing an unconditionally secure system for conducting trade in such situations. This solution is “quantum (量子)-digital payments” which combines cryptographic (加密的) methods with the properties of quantum light.
In today’s payment ecosystem, customers’ sensitive data is replaced by sets of random numbers, and the uniqueness of each trade is secured by a classical cryptographic method. However, companies with powerful computational resources can break these codes and recover the customers’ private data, and for example, make payments in their name.
A research team led by professor Philip Walther from the University of Vienna has shown how the quantum properties of light can ensure security for digital payments. In an experiment, the researchers demonstrated that each trade cannot be copied. They replaced classical cryptographic techniques with a quantum protocol (协议) using single photons, a unit of energy. During the course of a classical digital payment trade, the client shares a classical code called cryptogram with his payment provider. This cryptogram is then passed on between the customer, businessmen, and payment provider. In the demonstrated quantum protocol this cryptogram is generated by having the payment provider sending particularly prepared single photons to the client.
The researchers successfully conducted quantum-digital payments connecting two university buildings in downtown Vienna. Digital payments currently operate within a few seconds. “At present, our protocol takes a few minutes of quantum communication to complete a trade. This is to guarantee security in the presence of noise and losses,” says Philip Walther. “However, these time limitations are only of technological nature. We will witness that quantum-digital payments reach practical performance in the very near future.”
8. It can be inferred from the first two paragraphs that ______.
A. the secure system “quantum-digital payments” have solved all the digital payment troubles
B. people have fear about false information
C. people are urged to rely on business s website
D. people have concern about digital payment safety
9. What is a disadvantage of the present payment system
A. The convenience of payment can’t be enjoyed. B. Customers’ private data may be leaked.
C. The uniqueness of trade can’t be ensured. D. Customer payment choices are limited.
10. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A. How digital payment proves safer. B. How quantum-digital payment works.
C. Why single photons are necessary. D. What is important for online trade.
11. What is Philip’s attitude towards quantum-digital payment
A. Confident. B. Doubtful. C. Unclear. D. Conservative.
D
This week, Google researchers published a paper describing results from an AI tool built to create music. The tool, called MusicLM, is not the first AI music tool to be launched. But the examples Google provided demonstrate musical creative ability based on a limited set of descriptive words.
Several different music examples produced by MusicLM were published online. Some of the generated music came from just one- or two-word descriptions, such as “jazz”, “rock” or “techno (高科技舞曲)”. The tool also created other examples from more detailed descriptions containing whole sentences.
In one example, Google researchers included these instructions to MusicLM, “It is a soundtrack of a game. It is fast-paced and upbeat, with a catchy electric guitar riff (反复乐节). The music is repetitive and easy to remember, but with unexpected sounds ...” In the resulting recording, the music seemed to keep very close to the description. The team said the more detailed the description was, the better the system could attempt to produce it.
The MusicLM model operates similarly to the machine-learning systems used by ChatGPT. ChatGPT and MusicLM both require powerful computers to operate complex machine-learning models. The San Francisco-based company OpenAI launched ChatGPT late last year. ChatGPT has recently received a lot of attention because of its ability to generate complex writings and other content from just a simple description in natural languages. Such tools can produce human-like results because they are trained on huge amounts of data. Many different materials are fed into the systems to permit them to learn complex skills to create realistic works.
However, the MusicLM researchers said there were some risks linked to the new tool. One of the biggest issues the researchers identified was biases (偏好) present in the training data. A bias might be including too much of one side and not enough of the other. The researchers said this raised a question about appropriateness for music generation for cultures underrepresented in the training data.
12. What can we learn about MusicLM
A. It is the first AI music tool to be launched.
B. It requires detailed descriptions of full sentences.
C. It creates music based on simple descriptive words.
D. It generates complex writings from a simple description.
13. What is the similarity between ChatGPT and MusicLM
A. They can take the place of musicians. B. They have gained commercial success.
C. They don't have any practical use in life. D. They are based on huge amounts of data.
14. Which of the following is an issue of the MusicLM model
A. Creating music with strong biases. B. Requiring too much training data.
C. Being difficult for some people to use. D. Producing music works with no creativity.
15. What would be the best title for the text
A. The future of humans with AI B. A new AI tool to make music
C. Music created by some AI tools D. AI and its function in culture development
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It is commonly thought that productivity involves doing several things at once. ___16___ Newport, the author of Deep Work, describes the benefits of focusing on one thing and doing it with excellence. He explains deep work as “the ability to focus without distraction on a cognitively (认知地) demanding task.” ___17___
According to Newport, deep work is an invaluable skill in today’s economy. It allows you to learn difficult things quickly. Most people are distracted when they work, so if you learn to work without distraction, that gives you an advantage. ___18___ Developing excellence in one’s craft can be deeply satisfying.
It’s important to schedule deep work into your day. Otherwise, it’s easy to let your time fill up with shallow work. Newport recommends doing deep work as your first task of the day. ___19___ Shallow work does need to get done, but if you save it for later in the day, you can get your deep work done, too.
Because deep work is by definition cognitively demanding, you won’t be able to do it all day. Beginners can usually only focus on deep work for approximately an hour, and even experts have trouble going more than four hours. ___20___ If you really focus, you’ll be surprised at how much you accomplish in a few hours.
A. So set reasonable goals for yourself.
B. Concentration is an increasingly valuable skill.
C. That way you get it done before distractions build up.
D. But the secret to success is the opposite of multitasking.
E. Without smartphones, you fall into deep work more easily.
F. It also enables you to produce to the best of your ability and acquire new skills quickly.
G. It differs from shallow work, which consists of simple tasks performed while distracted.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
At an airport I overheard a father and daughter in their last moments together. The airline had announced her plane’s____21____and he said to his daughter, “I love you. I wish you enough.”
She said, “Daddy, our life together has been more than enough. Your____22____is all I needed. I wish you enough, too, Daddy.” They kissed good-bye and she left.
I could see he wanted and needed to cry. I tried not to____23____his privacy, but he welcomed me in by asking. “Did you ever say good-bye to someone knowing it would be____24____ ” “Yes.” I replied.
Saying that brought back memories I had of expressing my love and____25____for all my Dad had done for me. Recognizing that his days were____26____ I kept telling him face to face how much he meant to me.____27____I knew what this man was experiencing.
“Why is this a forever good-bye ” I asked.
“I am old and she lives too far away. And the reality is, her next trip back will be for my____28____,” he said.
“When you were saying good-bye I heard you say, ‘I wish you enough’. What does that mean ”
He began to smile. “That’s a wish that has been____29____from other generations. My parents used to say it to everyone.” He paused and looked up as if trying to remember it_____30_____. He smiled even more.
“When we said ‘I wish you enough’, we wanted you to have a life filled with enough good things to_____31_____you,” he continued and shared the following as if he were reciting it from_____32_____.
“I wish you enough sun to keep your attitude bright. I wish you enough pain so that the smallest____33____ in life appears much bigger. I wish you enough gain to satisfy your desire. I wish you enough loss to appreciate all that you ____34____”
He then began to_____35_____and walked away.
21. A. arrival B. departure C. delay D. cancel
22. A. grocery B. wealth C. love D. reward
23. A. disturb B. evaluate C. shelter D. pursue
24. A. temporary B. forever C. blank D. separate
25. A. appreciation B. sympathy C. approval D. greatness
26. A. precise B. numerous C. wasted D. limited
27. A. Gradually B. Naturally C. Unexpectedly D. Hopefully
28. A. birthday B. celebration C. funeral D. anniversary
29. A. handed down B. carried out C. worn down D. sorted out
30. A. in detail B. in action C. on purpose D. with regret
31. A. access B. host C. support D. label
32. A. history B. text C. childhood D. memory
33. A. sadness B. joy C. jealousy D. misfortune
34. A. possess B. abandon C. wonder D. expect
35. A. smile B. freeze C. sob D. shout
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For better or for worse, the widespread and ___36___ (unlimit) use of drones will affect our lives in different ways. It is certain that as the technology gets more advanced, more drones ___37___ (fly) in the sky. ___38___ all the wonderful functions that drones perform, they may also cause trouble.
Take air traffic for example. When passenger drones are flying above our cities in large ___39___ (quantity), the sky will be getting more and more crowded. As a result, they are ___40___ (likely) to crash into each other. In addition, drones cause much trouble for airlines as some of them fly near airports, ___41___ (pose) a threat to planes that are taking off or landing. Another risk is ___42___people might take advantage of drones to harm others. For instance, as more people will be using drones for photography in the future, some might spy on and take photographs of others without their knowledge. ___43___ (legal) hunters might also use drones to track and kill animals.
Such issues must be addressed. The government needs to make laws ___44___ (monitor) the production and use of drones. For example, in some countries, ____45____remote pilot licence is required in order to fly a drone for business purposes. At the moment, different countries are developing air traffic control systems that can manage large numbers of drones. Police forces around the world are also looking at ways of stopping drones from flying near airports and stadiums.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你校学生体育运动情况。请给他回信，内容包括：
1. 学校的体育场馆；
2. 主要的运动项目；
3. 你喜欢项目。
注意：1. 词数100左右：
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When school was over the day was fading and it started to drizzle(毛毛雨). I stood at the school gate, with a loaded backpack on my shoulders. It was Friday again: a weekend of joy with unlimited sleeping hours and dinner courses specially made to my taste, a weekend at home. I waved goodbye to my friends as they jumped into their fathers’ warm and comfortable cars. Curiously, this gave rise to a disturbing feeling in me. It was not exactly what they called jealousy, but something like dismay(沮丧). I knew all I could expect was an old bike Mom would ride along on, with the badly-oiled chain creaking(嘎吱作响) against the wheel to announce her arrival.
Every Friday when Mom came to pick me up for the weekend, it was a moment full of great expectation and great unease. I always felt my face burning as we rode our way in and out of the numerous cars and saw my friends’ faces sticking out of the car windows. It was like stepping into a ballroom with beautifully dressed ladies and finding yourself in a smelly T-shirt.
To tell you the truth, Mom is quite a headache once in a while. She just looks a homely middle-aged housewife. Being a practitioner of DIY, she knits most of my sweaters, chiefly in old styles. Whenever caught by some curious classmates asking what brand my sweaters are, I’d force a smile and reply in a half joking manner: homemade.
I couldn’t remember when I started to find her such an embarrassment. As a little boy, I relied on her so much. She had been working at home, cooking in the kitchen, knitting by the lamp or riding across town to buy me a book I badly needed. It had always been much fun riding with mom. But just now there seemed to be something standing between us, something that made her so strange to me and me to her.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Today she showed up in a raincoat.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mom tried to cover me with the back of the raincoat again as a storm set in.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
