二轮专题----主谓一致复习课件

课件75张PPT。主谓一致语法一致原则意义一致原则就近一致原则主谓一致:是指句子的谓语动词与句子的主语在人称和数上保持
一致,即如果句子的主语是单数,谓语动词用单数,
如果主语是复数,则谓语动词用复数.1.主语是可数名词的单数或不可数名词时,谓语动
词用单数形式.The girl ___ very beautiful . 这个女孩子很漂亮The chicken ___very delicious.鸡肉很美味isis2.
（1）不定代词one,each,every,either,neither,something,
anything,nothing,everything,somebody,someone,anybody,
anyone,nobody,no one,everybody,everyone作主语时,谓语
动词用单数. Each of us_______(have) something to say.
我们每个人都有话要说.
Everyone ______ (be) here. Let's begin our lesson!
大家都到齐了.让我们开始上课吧!hasis2.(2)不定代词none作主语时,如果修饰的是不可数名词,则谓语动词
用单数;如果它所修饰的是可数名词,则谓语单,复数均可用.None of us __________(be) perfact.
人无完人.is / areNone of the water _____ (be) clean here.is2.(3) all指人，做主语，谓语动词用复数；all指物做主语，谓语动词用单数 some / any / most用作主语时，随其数念用单数或复数动词。
All(事情，单念) is ready and all(人，复念) are here.
I don’t think any is left.我认为没什么剩下。
I don’t think any of them(他们中没人) have seen her.
Most of the building was destroyed but most were saved.each “each of + 复形名词”结构要求单数动词，但“复形名词+ each”结构要求复数动词。
Each of the jobs(每一份工作) was planned by Billy.
we each(我们每个人) have a copy of this dictionary. (4)不定代词each,every,no所修饰的名词以及each...and each...,many a..., more than one...等做主语时，谓语动词用单数
Many a customer has been lost through negligence
of service.
More than one person has made the suggestion.
Every sight and sound was a delight to the senses.
No boy and no girl was absent
1.Every desk and every chair ____ made of wood. (be)
2.Many a boy and girl _____made the same mistake. (have)
3.No boy and no girl ___ (be) in the classroom.
4.Many a student ____ (like) pop songs.
ishasislikes
1.Each man and woman ______ the same rights.
has??? b. have???
c. had??? d. is having
2. Many a student ______ the importance of learning a foreign language.
a. have realized???
b. has realized???
c. have been realized???
d. has been realized
3.No chair and no desk ______ permitted to be taken away from the reading room.
are B. were
C. is D. be
4.Many a father ______learnt to his sorrow what it is to have a son who tells lies.
A. have B. is
C. are D. has
5.Every man, woman and child ______ some history, enough at least, to survive in the world.
knows b. know
c. is known d. are known3.由and连接两个主语时,如果把这两个主语分别作为个体来考虑时,谓语动词用复数;如果把这两个主语看作一个整体时,谓语动词就用单数.Ann and Jack ________(be) friends.Fish and chips _______(be) my favourite food. 但如果and连接的两个并列主语指的是同一个人或一件事，谓语
动词用单数。1 .The singer and the dancer __________ (come) from Longtou.2.The singer and dancer _______ (come) from Longtou.areiscomecomes类似的:bread and butter 抹黄油的面包4.一些成双成对的复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数，
如trousers,pants,shoes,gloves,glasses,scissors等。但如
果在这些词前加上 a pair of 时，则谓语动词用单数( )This pair of shoes_________not mine,
My shoes______in the box.
A: is are B:are is C:is is D:are,are A5.动名词、动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数，但如果几个并
列的动名词或不定式作主语，则谓语动词用复数。1.Doing morning exercises ____ (be) good for your eyes 做眼保健操对你的眼睛有好处。
2.To help poor people ____ (be) our duty.
帮助有困难的人是我们的责任。
3.Listening,reading and speaking _____________ (be) important in studying English
isisare6.一个从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。When we will go to Beijing ___ (be) not decided.
什么时候去北京我们还没决定。is 1）.To get up early and to go to sleep early ____ good for your health.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
2). When and where to build the new factory ______ yet.
A. is not decided
B. are not decided
C. has not decoded
D. have not decided当when和where加不定式指的是同一件事时，谓语动词用单数。 3). Playing football not only ___ us grow up tall and strong but also ____ us a sense of fair play and team spirit .
A. make; give B .makes; gives
C. makes; give D .make; gives4) . When we will hold the meeting ____ not decided yet .
A. is B. are C. be D .was 注意：主语为what 引导的主语从句时，谓语动词应与从句所指代的内容的单复念一致。
What he says (他所说的) is not important.
What I want(我所需要的) are details.
当what 引导的主语从句中谓语为复数时，全句的谓语动词也应是复数。
What make the river more beautiful are the flowers growing in the water.语法一致7.当表示度量，距离，金额，时间等数量词作主语时，常把这个数
量词看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。 在一些算术题目中，一般把算术题目的主语看成是单数，谓语动词
用单数，但在加和乘时，谓语动词也可用复数。1.100 dollars ____ (be) not a small number
2.Twenty years ________(be) not a long time.
3.forty miles________(be) a long way.1.six minus four _________ (be) two.
2.Two and two____________(be) four.isisisisis/are8. 以-s结尾的名词作主语时，根据其意思来决定谓语动词的单复数。
表学科的名词(physics)、书报名(the Times)、国名(the United States)或组织名称(the United Nations)及news谓语常用单数
2）以-s结尾的某些表疾病的复形名词要求用单数动词
German measles(风疹) is a dangerous disease for pregnant women.
语法一致Attentionthe Olympic Games
The Olympic Games are held every four years.
In a sense, the olympic games are coming home tonight.
Let's practice1.Time _______(be) money.
2. No one ________ (know) the truth.
3.The writer and the teacher ______(be) coming.
4.The writer and teacher_______ (be) coming.
5.Something ______(be ) wrong with your watch.
6.The teacher with his students _________(have) a
meeting.
7.Everyone except Tom ______(be) wrong.
isknowsareisishasis意义一致1.集体名词如class，fam,audience,group,team,club,government
等作主语时，谓语动词取决于集体名词在句中所表示的意义。当它
们表示一个整体的概念时，通常被看作单数；而当它们表示组成整
体的个体成员时，它们就是复数意义。1.Our class______(be) not big.
我们班不算大.
2.The class_____________(wait) for a new teacher
now.
现在同学们都在等候新老师的到来.isare waiting
Eg:1) be
My family ____very large .
His family ________waiting for him .
2) be/have
The class ___ made up of 54 students .
All the class _____gone to the playground .
isare/wereishave
?1. The committee ______ over the problem among themselves for two hours.
has argued???
b. has been arguing???
c. have argued???
d. have been arguing
2.??The public ______ generous in their contributions to the earthquake victims.
is??? b. was???
c. are??? d. has been
?3. His family _____ always quarrelling among ______.
A.is；itself B.are；themselves
C.is；themselves D.are；itself
意义一致2.People,police, folk, youth,cattle看似单数形式，但表达的
是复数意义，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。1.The people in the city ______ (be) very
friendly.
这个城市的人很友好。
2.The police ___________(look) for the lost boy now.
警察正在找丢失的男孩.
areare looking
Eg : 1)The police ____ after a
thief.
2)Cattle _____ on grass .
(feed)
3)All the goods _______ arrived. (have)
arefeedhave
1.Cattle ______ on the hillside.
grazes??? b. is grazing???
c. was grazing??? d. were grazing
2. The youth of China today ___ trying their best to study modern science and technology.
A.is B.was C.were D.are意义一致3.一些单复数同形的单词如：Chinese,Japanese,fish,sheep,
deer，works，species等,谓语动词的单复数要根据它在
句子中所表达的意义而定。但the Chinese,the Japanese,the English, the British,the
French 等名词表国民总称时，作复数用。（其中English，
British，French等不能指单个的人）A little deer______ (be) running on the hill.
Some deer_______ (be) eating grass.isare意义一致4.由“the+形容词”构成的词，如 the old,the yong,the rich,the
poor等用来表示具有某种特性的一类人，作主语时，谓语动词
用复数; 指具体的个体或抽象概念时，谓语动词用单数。1.The rich _______ (have) a lot of money.have2.The beautiful (give)pleasure to all of usgives
1)The old ____taken good care of here .(be)
2)The old ______(give) place to the new .
3) The true ___(be)to be distinguished from the false.
4) The rich ____(be)for the plan, but the poor against it.aregivesisare
1.The wounded _______ by the hospital.
A.have been taken in　　　　　　 B.has been taken in
C.have taken in　
D.has taken in
2.In that country, the rich ______ richer, the poor, poorer.
a. become b. has become c. becomes d. is becoming意义一致5.代词all，most，what, who ,which,more , 等作主语时，谓语
动词的单复数也要根据它所表达的意义来决定。most of the applesmost of the appleMost of the apples_______(be) rotten.
大部分的苹果是烂的.Most of the apple ____(be)
eaten by a rat.
这个苹果的大半被老鼠吃掉了.
areis6.就前一致: (即谓语动词与前面的中心词一致)
名词 A +
+ 名词 B
这样的结构做主语，
2>.The teacher as well as her students ________
fond of popular music very much.
3>. All but Tom _______________(know) the truth
so far.with; together with; along with；but;
except; besides, including; as well as; in addition to, not; rather than; like is----------- have known---谓语动词仅与 A 一致1. Nobody but Jane ____ the secret.
know B. knows
C. have known D. is known2. I, rather than you, ____ responsible for the accident.
A am B are C has D have3. A library with five thousand books ____ to the nation as a gift.
is offered B. has offered
C. are offered D. have offered4. All but one _____ here just now.
is B. was
C. has been D. were5.Tom as well as two of his classmates _____ invited to the party.
A. was B. were
C. have been D. had beenThe house, including the garden and the garage, was sold out.6. No one except my parents _____ anything about it.
A. know B. knows
C. is knowing D. have knownSeveral passengers, together with the driver, were hurt.7.
+ 名词

作主语时，
1>.One third of the students in our class
_________ girls. (be)
2>.Seventy percent of the surface of the
earth ______covered with / by water.
分数 + of ; 百分数 + of
some of ; part of ; half of ;
most of ; the rest of ; none,---- are-------------- is-------------------------谓语动词取决于后面名词的数就后一致: (即谓语动词与后面的中心词一致)
1)A lot of students _________ waiting outside .(be)
2)More than 70 percent of the surface ___(be) covered by water .
3)The rest of the money _____ (belong) to you .
are/wereisbelongs
1._____ of the land in that district _____ covered with trees and grass.A.Two fifth , is　　　　 B.Two fifth ,areC.Two fifths , is　　 D.Two fifths , are
2. I have finished a large part of the book ; the rest _____more difficult.
A.is　B.are C.was D.were 　　　　　　　　　　　
3.Most of his savings ______ in the Xin Hua Bank.
has been kept???
b. is being kept???
c. have kept????
d. have been kept
4. The majority of the damage ______ easy to repair.
a. is??? b. are???
c. were??? d. be
5.The majority of doctors ______ smoking is harmful to health.
are believed???
b. had believed???
c. has believed???
d. believe
6. Three-fourths of the buildings ______.
was destroyed???
b. is destroyed???
c. were destroyed????
d. has been destroyed
就近原则1.在 …or, either…or…, neither…nor…
not only…but also…, not …but…句型中，其谓语动词和邻近的那个主语保持一致.
1.Either Ann or Jane _______ (come) from USA.
2.Neither he nor I ______ (have) finish the
work.
3.Not only his family but also he _____(like)
Zhang Yimou’s movies.
comeshavelikes就近一致2.在there be 和here be 结构中，如果主语不只一个。谓语动词
通常和靠近be的名词来决定谓语的单复数形式。1.There _____ (be) five pens and a book on the
desk
2.There _____ (be) a book and five pens on the
desk.
areis在倒装句中，谓语动词往往与其后的第一个主语取得一致。也就是说，倒装句要采用就近原则。
Where is your mother and your sisters?
In the room was found a hat, a few suits of clothes and some shoes and socks.
1.Between the two rows of trees _____ a teaching building and two dormitores.
A.stand　　　 B.stands　　　　 C.standing　　　　 　D.are
2. On the wall ______two large portraits of his parents.
A. hangs B.hanged C. hanging D.hang
3.Growing around the lake ________ wild flowers of different colors.
is B. are
C. has D. have
意义一致3.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由它修饰的
先行词来决定。先行词是单数时，谓语动词用单数，反之用复数。She is one of the few girls who _________ well
paid(获得好收入) in the factory now.
A: is B: are C: was D: wereBAttention1. “More than one + 单形名词”结构虽有复念，但习惯上多用单数谓语
More than one question was asked.
2. “more +复形名词+than one”多要求复数动词
More members than one have protested against the proposal.
3. “a+单形名词+or two”结构多要求单数动词
A servant or two or three was to accompany them.
4. “one or two +复形名词”结构要求复数动词
One or two reasons were suggested.
5. “many a +单形名词”结构要求单数动词
Many a fine man has died in the battle.6. “a number of /numbers of + 复形名词”结构应用复数动词；而“the number of +复形名词”结构应用单数动词。
A large number of people(许多人) have come to see the exhibition.
The number of the chairs(椅子的数量) in the room is ten.
7. “an average / total of +复形名词”结构应用复数动词；而“the average / total of +复形名词”结构应用单数动词。
An average of 3000 letters (平均3000封信) a month are received by the newspaper’s office.
A total of 3000 letters(总共3000封信) were received last month.
The average of letters(信件的平均数) received each month is 3000.
The total of letters(信件的总数) received last month was 3000.
8. “a large quantity of +不可数名词或复数名词”、“a large amount of +不可数名词”结构要求单数谓语动词；“large quantities of +不可数名词或复数名词”、“large amounts of +不可数名词”结构要求复数动词。
A large quantity of students is coming.
Large amounts of water are wasted.9．“one of + 复数名词 + 定语从句”之前有the only, the very, the等限定词和修饰语时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。
She is the only one of these women who plays the violin. 1) John is the only one of the students in our class who ____ to school on foot.
go B. goes
C. have gone D. are going
2) He was the one of the students who _____ praised at the meeting.A. was B. were C. is D. are 注意：1. one of +复数名词+（单）谓语，如：
One of the students is from the south.
2. one of+复数名词+定语从句（从句动词用复数），如：
He is one of the boys who are ready to help others.
3. the (only) one of+名词（复数）+定语从句，从句中谓语动词用单数，表示众多中只有一个，如：
He is the only one of the students who comes early.1.Bread and butter________ my favourite food.
A: is B:are C: have D. has
2.The old ____ taken good care of in this country.
A. am B. is C are D. was
3.The teacher with two students ___ into the room.
A. go B. goes C. have gone D. going
4.Two thirds of water ____ from the Yellow River
A. are B. come C. go D. comes
5.No one except my parents ______ anything about it.
A. know B. knows　　　　　
C. have known　　　 D. is known　
AcBDBLet's practise !
(1)A cart and a horse ＿＿＿＿ in the distance． (2)A cart and horse ＿＿＿＿ in the distance． A．was seen
B．were seen
C．See
D．seesBA
2.The factory, including its machines and buildings, ＿burnt last night．A．is B．are C．were D．was 3.(1) The students in our school each ＿＿＿＿ an English dictionary． (2) Each of the students in our school ＿＿＿＿ an English dictionary． A．are having B．had
C．has D．have DC
4.(1)Many students ＿＿＿＿ that mistake before． (2)Many a student ＿＿＿＿ that mistake before． A．had made B．has been made
C．have made D．has made CD
5. I, who ＿＿＿＿ your good friend, will share your joys and sorrows． A．was B．are C．is D．am
6．All but him and me ＿＿＿＿ to the cinema． A．are going B．is going
C．was going D．has going
7．Some person ＿＿＿＿ calling for you at the gate． A．will be B．is being
C．is D．are 8．The population of China ＿＿＿＿ larger than that of the USA． A．will be B．are C．is D．was9．Deer ＿＿＿＿ faster than dogs． A．will run B．are running C．runs D．run
10．Every means ＿＿＿＿ tried, but there is no result．A．have been B．has been C．will be D．were
11．This pair of trousers ＿＿＿＿ my sister．My trousers ＿＿＿＿． A．is belong to; is being washed B．belongs to; are being washedC．belong to; are being washed D．are belonging to; has been washed
13.To play basketball and to go swimming ＿useful for character-training． A．was B．is
C．are D．were
14．What I want ＿＿＿＿ an interesting book while what he wants ＿＿＿＿ two cups of coffee．
A．is; are B．are; is
B．is; is D．are; are
15. Most of the artists will go to the United States next week. The rest _______ to visit Japan.
A. has B. have C. are D. is
16. —_____your clothes?
—No, mine _________ hanging over there.
A. Is it; is
B. Are there; are
C. Is it; are
D. are these; is
17. Large quantities of fruit _______ all over the world from China today.
is shipped
B. are shipped
C. has shipped
D. have shipped
18. All possible means ________
to save the wounded soldier.
has been tried
B. have been tried
C. is to be tried
D. are trying19. Sixty percent of the milk _________ horrible.
A. tastes B. taste C. was tasted D. were tasted
20. One thousand dollars ________ a large sum of money in her eye.
A. are B. is C. should be D. seem to be21. It _______ William and Carol who helped me the other day.
A. has been B. are C. was D. were
22. Either you or the headmaster _______ the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting.
A. is not decided B. are to hand out C. are handing out D. is to hand out23. Three hours ______ enough for us to finish the task.
are b. has c. is d. were
24. All that can be done ______.
has done b. has been done c. have done d. have been done
25. One or perhaps more pages _______.
is missing b. has been missed
c. are missing d. was missing
Have a break…Thank you!
See you next time!