2022级高二年级教学测评月考卷(三)
英语
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。
3. 考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman find surprising
A. The man does not have an air-conditioner.
B. The man has not been using his air-conditioner.
C. The summer has been unusually hot.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: I haven’t turned on my air-conditioner at all this summer.
W: That’s surprising, considering how hot it’s been lately.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why will the man call the woman
A. To ask her about the homework.
B. To talk to her roommate.
C. To give her some information.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: I don’t remember my homework. If I have a problem, can I call you tonight
W: If you call me before nine, just leave a message with my roommate.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What clothes will the man probably wear for Jane’s wedding
A. His old suit. B. His new suit. C. He is not sure.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: I’m thinking of getting a new dress to wear for Jane’s wedding.
M: I just hope that my old suit still fits. You know how I feel about shopping.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman mean
A. She is still thinking. B. She has finished ordering. C. She is guessing.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: I’d like a pound of your chicken salad and a half pound of roast beef.
M: Will that be all
W: I guess so.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the woman probably do
A. Ask Alice if the man can borrow the novel.
B. Return the novel to Alice immediately.
C. Help the man to find a copy in the bookstore.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Do you think you can lend me that novel when you have finished with it I’ve been looking all over for a copy, but it is sold out at all the bookstores.
W: Oh, it’s not mine. It belongs to Alice. But I’ll see what she says.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Where does the man usually watch the TV shows
A. On TV. B. On his computer. C. On his phone.
7. What does the man usually watch on the Internet
A. Short videos. B. Drama series. C. News programs.
【答案】6. C 7. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Do you like to watch TV
M: I like watching TV shows. But I usually watch them on my phone.
W: What kind of shows do you like Drama Comedy The news
M: I like comedies, but to be honest, I don’t watch too much TV. There are so many other things on the Internet to watch.
W: Like what
M: I usually watch short videos of people doing funny things, babies laughing, animals playing...stuff like that.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What does the woman plan to do today
A. Go camping. B. Visit Linda. C. Finish her report.
9. When will the man go into town
A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
【答案】8. A 9. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Where are you going today, Mark
M: I’m going to the library. What about you
W: I’ll go camping with Linda. Why do you want to go to the library today It’s Friday. We should have some fun.
M: Well, I have to hand in my report tomorrow morning.
W: Tomorrow morning Didn’t Mr. Smith ask us to hand it in next Monday morning
M: I’m going into town tomorrow afternoon. I won’t return until Sunday night. So I want to hand it in before I go.
W: Now I see.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. Who is Keke
A. The man’s friend. B. An English teacher. C. A cute parrot.
11. What are the speakers doing
A. Shopping. B. Talking about parrots. C. Learning English
12. What does the man ask the woman to do in the end
A. To play chess with him.
B. To teach Keke English.
C. To continue reading her book.
【答案】10. C 11. B 12. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Good morning, Emma. You are reading an English book again.
W: Good morning. There is no reason to miss the beautiful morning. Is that a new bird
M: Oh, yes. My friend bought it yesterday. We call it Keke.
W: It looks so cute. Is it a parrot
M: Yes. Just look at its colorful feathers.
W: I see. It’s interesting that there is also a parrot in my English book. Its name is Polly.
M: Really A foreign parrot!
W: It can speak English, too.
M: Maybe you can teach Keke some English words.
W: Keke. Keke. Say “Hello”. (“Hello”) Oh, it is so smart. Good bird.
M: You are a good teacher. Okay, I am going to play chess now. Just go back to your book.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. How is the man feeling
A. Sorry and regretful. B. Understanding but sad. C. Concerned and angry.
14. When did Elizabeth get home today
A. At 10:00 p.m. B. At 10:45 p.m. C. At 11:00 p.m.
15. Why was Elizabeth late
A. She was stuck in traffic. B. She got in an accident. C. She forgot about the time.
16. What did the man decide
A. Elizabeth cannot use her phone for a week.
B. Elizabeth cannot see her friends for a week.
C. Elizabeth has to come home early for a week.
【答案】13. C 14. B 15. A 16. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Elizabeth, you’re finally home. I told you that you had to be home by ten o’clock! That’s been your time to come home all year. Why are you almost an hour late
W: Dad, I’m so sorry. I know I should have been home forty-five minutes ago. I left on time, I promise. But there was a lot of traffic on the way back from Jessica’s house. I didn’t want to get into an accident. I did the best I could. I’m so sorry.
M: Those are the rules, Elizabeth. Your mother and I were worried about you. You could have at least called and told us what was happening. Now go to your room. You won’t be able to do anything with your friends for a week.
W: Okay, Dad. I understand. I’m really sorry. I know I should have called. It won’t happen again.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. How did the speaker go to school
A. By bike. B. On foot. C. By bus.
18. When did the rain begin
A. Before he left home. B. After he arrived at school. C. When school was over.
19. How long did the rain last
A. Several minutes. B. Half an hour. C. Three hours.
20. How does the speaker feel after the rain
A. Comfortable. B. Annoyed. C. Frightened.
【答案】17. C 18. B 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】M: That was a morning in early June. I took a bus to my school in the suburb which was surrounded by rice paddies and ponds. The sky was gray with the gloomy clouds. “There must be heavy rain soon,” I said to myself. When I hurried into the classroom, the sky was covered by black clouds. I felt quite uncomfortable, though it was calm, without any wind. I saw the leaves of trees and grass remained still, which seemed to await something to happen. Several minutes later, I saw the lightening split the clouds and heard the thunder following. Suddenly, the heavy rain fell and the wind blew. Soon the grass was flattened under the wind and the rain. With the rain forming like a fog, the sky became bright. I took a deep breath. I felt comfortable. The heavy rain lasted three hours and stopped when the class was over. The air was so fresh and the sky was so clear. I felt like a new man myself.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Visiting is a great way to get the feel of everyday life at Harvard College. Take the chance to meet our students and explore the Cambridge/Boston area. We know that many students will not be able to visit colleges before applying. As an alternative, examining our website will give you a vast amount of information about Harvard’s past, present, and future.
Summer 2024 schedule
From June 22, 2024 to August 9, 2024, all admissions (招生) information sessions and tours will start at Sanders Theater in Memorial Hall, 45 Quincy Street, Cambridge, MA. The schedule will feature only one information session per day at 10:00 am, followed by a tour at 11:00 am, from Monday through Saturday. Information sessions and tours will not be offered on June 27, 2024, July 3, 2024, July 4, 2024, August 7, 2024 or August 8, 2024.
From August 10, 2024 to August 21, 2024, all admissions information sessions and tours will start at Agassiz House, 5 James Street, Cambridge, MA. The schedule will feature information sessions each weekday at 10 am and 2 pm, followed by tours of the campus at 11 am and 3 pm.
Registration (报名) is strongly recommended.
Information Sessions and Tours
Admissions tours last about 75 minutes and focus on undergraduate (本科生) life at Harvard. They are intended for students considering entrance to the College. For historical tours, visit the Harvard Information Center.
Please allow one hour before scheduled events to find parking and navigate your way across campus to Sanders Theater. Contact the Visitor Center at 617495-1551 with any questions.
Tour the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS)
Take a student-led tour focused on Harvard’s undergraduate programs in engineering and applied sciences. (Groups of 10 or more must email communications @fas.harvard.edu to schedule a separate tour.) Tours last about 60 minutes. For our current schedule please refer to our Visitor Center Calendar.
Virtual tour of Harvard College
Take our online guided tour to see the Harvard campus at any time, from any location. Student guides lead you through the places in which they live and learn including dorm rooms, classrooms, Widener Library, the freshman dining hall and more.
21. Which day can be arranged to visit Harvard
A. July 3, 2024. B. August 7, 2024. C. August 21, 2024. D. August 8, 2024.
22. What special attention should be paid when visiting
A. Arrive there one hour in advance. B. Book tickets in advance online.
C. Be accompanied by students’ parents. D. Contact a student guide before visiting.
23 What can be experienced during a visit
A. Participate in admissions information sessions every day in the same place.
B. Gain an opportunity to learn about undergraduate programs in engineering.
C. Attend a variety of classes with Harvard students on Harvard campus.
D. Schedule separate tours to take the classes of undergraduates immediately.
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些关于哈佛学院的参观活动。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Summer 2024 schedule部分中“Information sessions and tours will not be offered on June 27, 2024, July 3, 2024, July 4, 2024, August 7, 2024 or August 8, 2024.( 2024年6月27日、2024年7月3日、2024年7月4日、2024年8月7日或2024年8月8日将不提供信息发布会和参观服务)”以及“From August 10, 2024 to August 21, 2024, all admissions information sessions and tours will start at Agassiz House, 5 James Street, Cambridge, MA.(从2024年8月10日到2024年8月21日，所有招生信息发布会和参观将在马萨诸塞州剑桥詹姆斯街5号的阿加西大厦开始)”可知，可以安排2024年8月21日参观哈佛。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Information Sessions and Tours部分中“Please allow one hour before scheduled events to find parking and navigate your way across campus to Sanders Theater.(请预定活动前一小时找到停车位，并穿过校园前往桑德斯剧院)”可知，去参观时至少提前一个小时到达那里。故选A。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tour the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS)部分中“Take a student-led tour focused on Harvard’s undergraduate programs in engineering and applied sciences.(参加由学生带领的哈佛工程和应用科学本科项目之旅)”可知，参观期间可以获得学习工程专业本科课程的机会。故选B。
B
John von Neumann was the oldest of 3 children of a banker, and his speed of learning new ideas and solving problems stood out early. At 17, his father tried to persuade him not to become a mathematician because he might lead a poor life being a mathematician, so von Neumann agreed to study chemistry as well. In 1926, at 23, he received a degree in chemical engineering and a Ph.D in mathematics. From then on, mathematics provided well enough for him, and he never had to turn to chemistry.
In 1930, von Neumann visited Princeton University for a year and then became a professor there. His first book was published in 1932. In 1933, the Institute for Advanced Study was formed, and he became one of the 6 full-time people in the School of Mathematics (Einstein was one of the others).
World War Ⅱ hugely changed von Neumann’s areas of interest. Until 1940 he had been a great pure mathematician. During and after the war, he became one of the best mathematicians who put mathematical theories into practice. During the last part of the war he became interested in computing machines and made several fundamental contributions. After the war, von Neumann continued his work with computers, and was generally very active in government service. He received many awards, was president of the American Mathematical Society and was a member of the Atomic Energy Commission. He died of cancer in 1957.
Von Neumann made several great contributions and any one of them would have been enough to earn him a firm place in history. He will be remembered as one of the greatest minds of the 20th century.
Von Neumann really was a legend in his own time, and there are a number of stories about him. His driving ability is a part of his legend. He reported one accident this way: “I was driving down the road. The trees on the right were passing me in an orderly fashion at 60 miles per hour. Suddenly one of them stepped in my path.”
24. When was John von Neumann able to make a living with mathematics
A. 1920. B. 1932. C. 1930. D. 1926.
25 What can be inferred about John von Neumann
A. He worked in the same research institute as Einstein before.
B. He set out to apply the theories into practice before World War Ⅱ.
C. It was his father who changed his profession completely.
D. He is indifferent to fame and fortune throughout his life.
26. Why is John von Neumann considered a great person
A. For his first book’s effect. B. For his great contributions.
C. For his sacrifice in World War Ⅱ. D. For his devotion to his school.
27. Why was John von Neumann’s driving mentioned
A. To illustrate a driving test. B. To report a serious accident.
C. To show his high humour. D. To clarify his great wealth.
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名科学家冯·诺伊曼的生平经历和取得的重大成就。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“In 1926, at 23, he received a degree in chemical engineering and a Ph.D in mathematics. From then on, mathematics provided well enough for him, and he never had to turn to chemistry.(1926年，23岁的他获得了化学工程学位和数学博士学位。从那时起，数学为他提供了足够的条件，他再也没有转向化学)”可知，约翰·冯·诺伊曼1026年开始靠数学谋生的。故选D。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“In 1933, the Institute for Advanced Study was formed, and he became one of the 6 full-time people in the School of Mathematics (Einstein was one of the others).( 1933年，高等研究院成立，他成为数学学院的6名全职人员之一（爱因斯坦是其中之一）)”可知，他以前和爱因斯坦在同一个研究所工作。故选A。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Von Neumann made several great contributions and any one of them would have been enough to earn him a firm place in history. He will be remembered as one of the greatest minds of the 20th century.(冯·诺伊曼做出了几项伟大的贡献，其中任何一项都足以使他在历史上占有一席之地。他将被人们铭记为20世纪最伟大的思想家之一)”可知，约翰·冯·诺伊曼被认为是一个伟大的人是因为他的伟大贡献。故选B。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“He reported one accident this way: “I was driving down the road. The trees on the right were passing me in an orderly fashion at 60 miles per hour. Suddenly one of them stepped in my path.”(他这样报告了一起事故：“我在路上开车。右边的树以每小时60英里的速度有序地从我身边经过。突然，其中一个挡住了我的去路。”)”可推知，提到了约翰·冯·诺伊曼的驾驶是为了表明他很幽默。故选C。
C
When ancient Egyptians put pen to paper—or, more accurately, ink to papyrus (纸莎草纸) —they took steps to ensure that their words would last forever, a new study suggests. Researchers from the University of Copenhagen have found that ancient scribes (抄写员) likely added lead to their inks to help their writing dry. More than 1,000 years later, reports Cosmos Magazine, 15th-century European artists employed lead as well. According to the London National Gallery, lead-based pigments found in many Old Master paintings are “known to aid the drying of paint films.”
According to a statement from the University of Copenhagen, the study’s authors analyzed 12 papyrus pieces dating back to between 100 and 200 C.E., when Egypt was under Roman control. The team used X-ray microscope to determine the raw materials used in different inks, as well as the chemical structure of the dried ink attached to the ancient paper. Ancient Egyptians began writing with ink—made by burning wood or oil and mixing the resulting material with water—around 3200 B.C. Typically, scribes used black, carbon-based ink for the body of text and reserved red ink for headings and other key words in the text. Though black and red inks were most common, shades of blue, green, white and yellow also appeared in ancient texts.
The researchers write that the Egyptians created red inks with iron-based combinations—most likely natural earth pigments. The team also identified the presence of lead. They were bowled over that there was no lead white or other combinations that would typically be present in a lead-based pigment. Instead, the ancient ink’s lead pigments appeared to wrap around the papyrus cell walls and iron particles (微粒). The resulting effect looked “as if the letters were outlined” in lead. This finding indicates that the ancient Egyptians invented a system of adding lead to red and black inks specifically for the purpose of sticking the words to paper.
The 12 analyzed papyrus pieces are part of the University of Copenhagen’s Papyrus Carlsberg Collection. The documents originated in Tebtunis, the only large-scale institutional library known to have survived from ancient Egyptian times.
28. What is the main function of lead in the masterpieces of the ancients
A. To make the colors brighter. B. To stick the ink to the pen.
C. To help the writing dry. D. To increase their thickness.
29. What can be inferred from the statement
A. It was easy for X-ray microscope to detect the raw materials.
B. Only wet inks can be used to determine their chemical components.
C. Ancient Egyptians already knew black could catch eyes easily.
D. The inks used by the ancient Egyptians came in a variety of colors.
30. What do the underlined words mean
A. Amazed. B. Concerned. C. Angry. D. Worried.
31. How did the ancient Egyptians make words stay on paper for a long time according to Paragraph 3
A. By combining several kinds of colors.
B. By adding lead to red and black inks.
C. By breaking the structure of the colors.
D. By analyzing the elements of the paper.
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过介绍哥本哈根大学研究人员的最新发现，揭开了古埃及墨水中的秘密成分——铅。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“ancient scribes (抄写员) likely added lead to their inks to help their writing dry(古代抄写员可能会在墨水中加入铅，以帮助字迹变干)”和“15th-century European artists employed lead as well(15世纪的欧洲艺术家也使用铅)”以及“lead-based pigments found in many Old Master paintings are “known to aid the drying of paint films.(在许多古代大师的画作中发现的铅基颜料有助于漆膜的干燥。)”可知，铅在古人杰作中的主要作用是帮助字迹变干。故选C。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Though black and red inks were most common, shades of blue, green, white and yellow also appeared in ancient texts.(虽然黑色和红色的墨水是最常见的，但蓝色、绿色、白色和黄色的色调也出现在古代文本中。)”可知，古埃及人使用的墨水颜色多种多样。故选D。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“there was no lead white or other combinations that would typically be present in a lead-based pigment. Instead, the ancient ink’s lead pigments appeared to wrap around the papyrus cell walls and iron particles (微粒). The resulting effect looked “as if the letters were outlined” in lead.(没有铅白或其他通常存在于铅基颜料中的混合物。相反，古代墨水的铅颜料似乎包裹在纸莎草细胞壁和铁颗粒上。最终的效果看起来“好像字母是用铅笔画出来的”。)”可推知，没有铅白色或其他通常存在于铅基颜料中的混合物，这让他们很震惊，划线词bowled over意为“惊讶的”，和Amazed的意思相近。故选A。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“This finding indicates that the ancient Egyptians invented a system of adding lead to red and black inks specifically for the purpose of sticking the words to paper.(这一发现表明，古埃及人发明了一种向红色和黑色墨水中添加铅的系统，专门用于将单词粘在纸上。)”可知，古埃及人通过在红墨水和黑墨水中加入铅让文字长时间留在纸上。故选B。
D
New discoveries and technological breakthroughs are made every year. Yet, as the information industry moves forward, many people in society are looking back to their roots in terms of the way they eat. A “locavore” movement has emerged in the United States. The movement supports eating foods grown locally and sustainably, rather than prepackaged foods shipped from other parts of the world.
Experts hold that eating local has many merits, and is expected to become a trend featuring sustainability. Erin Barnett is the director of Local Harvest, a company that aims to help connect people to farms in their area. By eating local, she argues, people have a better and more personal understanding of the impact their food consumption has on the rest of the world. “There is a way of connecting the point, where eating locally is an act that raises our awareness of sustainable living,” Barnett says.
The United States’ agricultural output is one of the highest in the world, says Timothy Beach, a professor of geography and geoscience at the University of Texas in Austin, Texas. “There’s just no other place on Earth where the amount of input is so productive,” Beach says of American agriculture. “Nobody can cut off the food we need.”
However, the US food system is not sustainable because of its dependency on fossil (化石) fuels, says Beach. Equipment used on “extremely productive” farms is quickly consuming Earth’s natural resources, particularly oil. Additionally, the production of agricultural supplements (补充剂)，such as fertilizer, uses large amounts of energy.
The world has used close to half of the global oil supply, Beach says, and the second half will be consumed at an even faster rate because of the growing population and economic development. Although many businesses are experimenting with wind, solar, and biofuel, Beach says there’s nothing that we see on the horizon that can replace it. “There is no way on Earth we are using fossil fuels sustainably. Then we have to reconsider the impact of eating local,” he says.
32. What is the special focus of the “locavore” movement
A. The development of information society. B. The emergence of new discoveries.
C. The localization and sustainability of food. D. The globalization of eating styles.
33. What is Erin Barnett’s opinion
A. Agricultural companies have the responsibility to help farmers.
B. Raising the awareness of sustainability is an urgent issue currently.
C. Eating locally can quickly increase the growth of the local economy.
D. The diversity of things can greatly enrich the lives of local people.
34. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4
A. The agricultural weaknesses of the US. B. The benefits of fossil fuels.
C. The most productive equipment on farms. D. The consumption of local food.
35. What is the challenge facing the world now
A. The population is growing too fast. B. Global economy develops rapidly.
C. Eating locally can’t be accepted. D. No suitable energy can replace oil.
【答案】32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。随着信息产业的发展，美国兴起了“土食者”运动，该运动支持食用在本土以可持续方式种植的食物，从而提高人们对可持续生活的意识。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The movement supports eating foods grown locally and sustainably, rather than prepackaged foods shipped from other parts of the world.(该运动支持食用当地种植的可持续食品，而不是从世界其他地区运来的预包装食品)”可知，这场运动的重点是食品的本地化和可持续性。故选C。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“By eating local, she argues, people have a better and more personal understanding of the impact their food consumption has on the rest of the world. “There is a way of connecting the point, where eating locally is an act that raises our awareness of sustainable living,” Barnett says.(她认为，通过吃本地食物，人们对自己的食物消费对世界其他地区的影响有了更好、更个人化的理解。巴内特说：“有一种方法可以把这一点联系起来，在当地吃饭是一种提高我们可持续生活意识的行为。”)”可知，艾琳·巴奈特的观点是提高对可持续发展的认识是当前一个紧迫的问题。故选B。
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“However, the US food system is not sustainable because of its dependency on fossil (化石) fuels, says Beach. Equipment used on “extremely productive” farms is quickly consuming Earth’s natural resources, particularly oil. Additionally, the production of agricultural supplements (补充剂)，such as fertilizer, uses large amounts of energy.(然而，美国的粮食系统是不可持续的，因为它依赖化石燃料，比奇说。“生产力极高”的农场使用的设备正在迅速消耗地球的自然资源，尤其是石油。此外，生产农业补品(例如化肥)需要消耗大量能源)”可知，第四段的主旨是美国农业的弱点。故选A。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Although many businesses are experimenting with wind, solar, and biofuel, Beach says there’s nothing that we see on the horizon that can replace it. “There is no way on Earth we are using fossil fuels sustainably. Then we have to reconsider the impact of eating local,” he says.(尽管许多企业正在试验风能、太阳能和生物燃料，但比奇说，我们认为目前还没有什么可以取代它们。“在地球上，我们不可能可持续地使用化石燃料。然后我们必须重新考虑本地饮食的影响。”)”可知，现在世界面临的挑战是没有合适的能源可以取代石油。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Chinese is one of the world’s most widely spoken languages. As one of the six official languages used by the United Nations, Chinese now has gained itself greater status (地位) in the world. Chinese is interesting and special. Unlike most other languages, Chinese has a written form and several spoken forms. ____36____
Mandarin (普通话) is a statement in China. ____37____ Mandarin is shaped and based on the Beijing dialect and other dialects spoken in the northern areas of China. Mandarin is taught in schools throughout the country. The media, officials, and the government use Mandarin as their main language. When you type in Chinese, you use a phonetic system, called pinyin, which matches the Mandarin pronunciation. Mandarin is used as a mother tongue by most people who are about one fifth of the world’s population. Chinese once had a very great influence on some neighboring countries with their languages and characters, such as Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese and so on. ___38___
Nowadays, with the development of China, Chinese people not only speak Chinese, but also learn other languages, such as English. ____39____ Many Chinese people can speak basic English, especially the youth, students, and staff of service trades like hotels, restaurants, airlines, banks and post offices. ____40____ The language communication now is not a problem at all for those who wish to come to China.
Now Chinese is becoming more and more popular. As long as you know Chinese, you’ll also be fine anywhere in China.
A. The official language of China is the Mandarin.
B. The more words you know, the faster this will happen.
C. It is the common language of all modern Han nationality people.
D. Pinyin is a system used for writing Mandarin Chinese using the Roman alphabet
E. English is a required course and universal education in China and has great popularity.
F. In large cities, there are more people who can communicate with foreigners in English.
G. In addition to China, Mandarin is an official language in several other countries in Asia.
【答案】36. A 37. C 38. G 39. E 40. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汉语如今的社会地位、影响以及英语在中国的现状等情况。
【36题详解】
空前“Unlike most other languages, Chinese has a written form and several spoken forms.(与大多数其他语言不同，汉语有一种书面形式和几种口语形式。)”可知，空前说汉语有一种书面形式和几种口语形式，第二段首句“Mandarin (普通话) is a statement in China.(普通话在中国是一种表达。)”介绍的是普通话，因此空格处应该引出普通话，A选项“The official language of China is the Mandarin.(中国的官方语言是普通话。)”引出了普通话，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选A。
【37题详解】
空前“Mandarin (普通话) is a statement in China.(普通话在中国是一种表达。)”描述的是普通话，空后“Mandarin is shaped and based on the Beijing dialect and other dialects spoken in the northern areas of China.(普通话是在北京话和中国北方地区的其他方言的基础上形成的。)”也描述的是普通话，因此空格处也应该是对普通话的描述，C选项“It is the common language of all modern Han nationality people.(它是所有现代汉族人民的共同语言。)”中的It指代的是Mandarin，是对普通话的描述，因此符合语境，故选C。
【38题详解】
空前“Chinese once had a very great influence on some neighboring countries with their languages and characters, such as Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese and so on.(汉语曾经对一些邻国的语言和文字产生了很大的影响，如日语、韩语、越南语等。)”说明了汉语对其他国家语言有很大影响，空格处应该说普通话对其他国家的影响，G选项“In addition to China, Mandarin is an official language in several other countries in Asia.(除了中国，普通话也是亚洲其他几个国家的官方语言。)”说明普通话对亚洲其他国家的影响，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
【39题详解】
空前“Nowadays, with the development of China, Chinese people not only speak Chinese, but also learn other languages, such as English.(如今，随着中国的发展，中国人不仅说汉语，还学习其他语言，如英语。)”说明中国人还学习英语，空格处应该说英语在中国的地位和发展，E选项“English is a required course and universal education in China and has great popularity.(英语在中国是一门必修课和普及教育，并且很受欢迎。)”说明了英语在中国的地位，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
【40题详解】
空前“Many Chinese people can speak basic English, especially the youth, students, and staff of service trades like hotels, restaurants, airlines, banks and post offices.(许多中国人会说基本的英语，尤其是年轻人、学生和服务行业的工作人员，如酒店、餐馆、航空公司、银行和邮局。)”说明了中国人说英语的情况，空格处也应该对此做进一步说明，F选项“In large cities, there are more people who can communicate with foreigners in English.(在大城市，有更多的人可以用英语与外国人交流。)”说明的是中国人说英语的情况，即大城市更多的人可以用英语与外国人交流，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It feels like every time my mother and I start to have a conversation, it turns into a(n) ____41____. We talk about something as simple as dinner plans and suddenly my mother will push the ____42____ into the Third World War. She’ll talk about my lack of a bright future because I don’t plan to be a doctor. And much to her ____43____, I don’t want to do any job related to science, ____44____. In fact, when I said that I planned to ____45____ in English, she nearly had a heart attack.
“Why can’t you be like my co-worker’s son ” she shouts all the time. Her co-worker’s son ____46____ a four-year scholarship and is now ____47____ 70,000 dollars a year as an engineer. I don’t know what to say except that I simply can’t be like Mr. Perfect as I’ve called the unnamed co-worker’s son. I can’t be like him.
I understand why my mother is ____48____ about my future major. I’ve seen my mother ____49____ to raise me on her small _____50_____ and work long hours. She leaves the house around 6:30 am and usually comes back home around 6:00 pm or even 7:00 pm. _____51_____ as she is, she still cooks supper for me and then does other housework _____52_____ late into the night. Additionally, she never wears fancy clothes and expensive jewelry.
I am fully _____53_____ that what my mother has done is out of her deep love for me. However, I want her to know that by becoming a(n) _____54_____, it doesn’t mean I’ll be successful. I’d rather _____55_____ my dreams and create my own future.
41. A. inspiration B. donation C. argument D. confidence
42. A. session B. conversation C. production D. version
43. A. disappointment B. routine C. performance D. determination
44. A. once B. never C. ever D. either
45. A. imagine B. describe C. major D. evaluate
46. A. forced B. received C. poured D. reminded
47. A. recovering B. trusting C. earning D. skipping
48. A. worried B. embarrassed C. excited D. touched
49. A. protect B. defend C. breathe D. struggle
50. A. sympathy B. salary C. experiment D. space
51. A. Ashamed B. Certain C. Proud D. Tired
52. A. setting out B. going back C. catching up D. staying up
53. A. awkward B. aware C. unclear D. forgetful
54. A. doctor B. mother C. interviewer D. customer
55. A. pursue B. deny C. admit D. predict
【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. C 46. B 47. C 48. A 49. D 50. B 51. D 52. D 53. B 54. A 55. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者与母亲之间因为未来职业选择而产生的沟通问题和争论，同时也表达了作者对母亲辛勤付出的理解和感激，以及对自己未来梦想的坚持。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：感觉每次我和妈妈开始谈话，就会变成一场争吵。A. inspiration灵感；B. donation捐赠；C. argument辩论、论点；D. confidence信心。根据下文“We talk about something as simple as dinner plans and suddenly my mother will push the ____2____ into the Third World War. She’ll talk about my lack of a bright future because I don’t plan to be a doctor.”以及““Why can’t you be like my co-worker’s son ” she shouts all the time.”可推测，作者每次和妈妈开始谈话就会变成一场争吵。故选C。
42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们谈论晚餐计划这样简单的事情，突然我母亲会把话题推到第三次世界大战。A. session会议、会期；B. conversation谈话；C. production生产；D. version版本、说法。根据上文“It feels like every time my mother and I start to have a conversation, it turns into a(n) ____1____.”可知，作者的母亲将谈话转移到第三次世界大战。故选B。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：更令她失望的是，我也不想做任何与科学有关的工作。A. disappointment失望；B. routine例行公事、常规；C. performance表演、表现；D. determination决心。根据上文“She’ll talk about my lack of a bright future because I don’t plan to be a doctor.”以及下文“I don’t want to do any job related to science, ____4____. In fact, when I said that I planned to ____5____ in English, she nearly had a heart attack.”可知，作者的母亲认为作者既不做医生，也不从事任何与科学有关的工作就没有光明的前途，由此可知，作者的母亲对此非常失望。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：更令她失望的是，我也不想做任何与科学有关的工作。A. once曾经；B. never从不；C. ever曾经；D. either也。根据句意可知，作者不想做医生，而且也不想做任何与科学有关的工作。本句为否定句，用either，表示“也不”，符合句意。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，当我说我打算主修英语时，她差点心脏病发作。A. imagine想象；B. describe描述；C. major主修；D. evaluate评估。根据空后的“in English”以及上文的“plan to be a doctor”可推测，空处指的是作者打算主修英语。短语：major in，意为“主修……”，符合句意。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她同事的儿子获得了四年的奖学金，现在是一名年薪7万美元的工程师。A. forced强迫；B. received收到；C. poured倾泻；D. reminded提醒。根据空后的“a four-year scholarship”可推测，作者妈妈同事的儿子获得了四年奖学金。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她同事的儿子获得了四年的奖学金，现在是一名年薪7万美元的工程师。A. recovering恢复；B. trusting信任；C. earning赚得、赢得；D. skipping跳过。根据空后的“70,000 dollars a year as an engineer”可知，作者妈妈同事的儿子成为了工程师，年薪7万美元，所以作者的妈妈非常希望作者也能有如此好的未来。故选C。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我理解妈妈为什么担心我未来的专业。A. worried担忧的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. excited兴奋的；D. touched感动的。根据上文“She’ll talk about my lack of a bright future because I don’t plan to be a doctor.”可知，作者的妈妈认为作者不成为医生就不能拥有光明的未来。由此可知，当作者决定主修英语时，作者的妈妈对作者的未来表示担忧。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看到我母亲靠微薄的工资和长时间的工作努力抚养我。A. protect保护；B. defend防御；C. breathe呼吸；D. struggle挣扎。根据下文内容“on her small ____10____ and work long hours. She leaves the house around 6:30 am and usually comes back home around 6:00 pm or even 7:00 pm.”可知，作者的妈妈靠着微薄的工资，非常辛苦地抚养作者。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看到我母亲靠微薄的工资和长时间的工作努力抚养我。A. sympathy同情；B. salary薪水；C. experiment实验；D. space空间。根据句意可知，作者的母亲抚养作者非常辛苦，由此可推测，作者的母亲薪水很低。故选B。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然她很累，但她仍然为我做晚饭，然后做其他家务，一直熬夜到深夜。A. Ashamed羞愧的；B. Certain确定的；C. Proud自豪的；D. Tired劳累的。根据上文“She leaves the house around 6:30 am and usually comes back home around 6:00 pm or even 7:00 pm.”可知，作者的母亲每天需要工作很久，由此可知，作者的母亲下班回家时非常累。故选D。
【52题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：虽然她很累，但她仍然为我做晚饭，然后做其他家务，一直熬夜到深夜。A. setting out出发；B. going back返回；C. catching up赶上；D. staying up熬夜。根据空后的“late into the night”可知，作者的妈妈还要熬夜到深夜才能休息。故选D。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我深知母亲所做的一切都是出于对我深深的爱。A. awkward尴尬的；B. aware意识到的；C. unclear不清楚的；D. forgetful健忘的。根据空后的“what my mother has done is out of her deep love for me”可知，作者非常清楚自己的母亲对自己的爱。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我想让她知道，成为一名医生并不意味着我就会成功。A. doctor医生；B. mother母亲；C. interviewer采访者；D. customer顾客。根据第一段“She’ll talk about my lack of a bright future because I don’t plan to be a doctor.”可知，作者的母亲认为成为医生就会拥有光明的未来，由此可推测，作者想让自己的母亲明白成为医生并不意味着成功。故选A。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我宁愿追求自己的梦想，创造自己的未来。A. pursue追求；B. deny否认；C. admit承认；D. predict预测。根据空后的“create my own future”以及全文内容可知，作者想要追求自己的梦想，创造自己的未来。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese martial arts (武术), African tribal dances, and Brazil’s Samba set off waves of ____56____ (applaud) from the audience in mid-October. The 8th International Festival of Intangible Cultural Heritage was held ____57____ Chengdu, the capital of southwestern China’s Sichuan province.
The five-day event brought together around 6,000 performers ____58____ engaged in more than 900 performances of intangible cultural heritage from 47 countries and ____59____ (region).
It was co-hosted by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, the Sichuan government and the National Commission of the People’s Republic of China for UNESCO, and aimed ____60____ (show) China’s efforts to implement the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage and promote ____61____ (tradition) Chinese culture.
Five exhibitions, ____62____ (include) those featuring intangible cultural heritage in modern life, and international craftsmanship, ____63____ (stage) to expose the public to the cultural charm, and thus promote the inheritance of heritage.
“The framework of the convention ____64____ (full) recognizes the significance of intangible cultural heritage in empowering and ensuring sustainable development,” Shahbaz Khan, representative of UNESCO Multi-sectoral Regional Office for East Asia, said as he addressed the forum via ____65____ video.
【答案】56. applause
57. in 58. who##that
59. regions
60. to show
61. traditional
62. including
63. were staged
64. fully 65. a
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是第八届国际非物质文化遗产节在中国西南部四川省省会成都举行。
【56题详解】
考查名词。句意：10月中旬，中国武术、非洲部落舞蹈和巴西桑巴舞在观众中引发了一阵阵掌声。空格处用名词作宾语，applaud的名词是applause，意为“掌声”，是不可数名词，故填applause。
【57题详解】
考查介词。句意：第八届国际非物质文化遗产节在中国西南部四川省省会成都举行。in + 大地方（城市、省份、国家、洲、世界），Chengdu前用介词in，表示“在成都”，故填in。
【58题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：为期五天的活动汇集了来自47个国家和地区的约6000名表演者，他们参与了900多场非物质文化遗产表演。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词performers是人，关系词替代先行词，因此空格处用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。
【59题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：为期五天的活动汇集了来自47个国家和地区的约6000名表演者，他们参与了900多场非物质文化遗产表演。空前有数字47，空格处用名词的复数，故填regions。
【60题详解】
考查不定式。句意：该活动由文化和旅游部、四川省政府和中华人民共和国联合国教科文组织全国委员会共同主办，旨在展示中国为履行《保护非物质文化遗产公约》所做的努力，弘扬中国传统文化。aim to do sth.是固定短语，意为“旨在做某事”，因此空格处是不定式to show。故填to show。
【61题详解】
考查形容词。句意：该活动由文化和旅游部、四川省政府和中华人民共和国联合国教科文组织全国委员会共同主办，旨在展示中国为履行《保护非物质文化遗产公约》所做的努力，弘扬中国传统文化。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词短语Chinese culture，tradition的形容词是traditional，意为“传统的”，故填traditional。
【62题详解】
考查介词。句意：举办了五个展览，包括现代生活中的非物质文化遗产和国际工艺展，让公众了解文化魅力，从而促进遗产的传承。结合句意，用介词including (包括)，后接名词（短语），故填including。
【63题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：举办了五个展览，包括现代生活中的非物质文化遗产和国际工艺展，让公众了解文化魅力，从而促进遗产的传承。空格处是谓语，展览是被举办，句子用被动语态，且描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，主语Five exhibitions是复数，因此空格处是were staged。故填were staged。
【64题详解】
考查副词。句意：联合国教科文组织东亚多部门区域办事处代表Shahbaz Khan通过视频在论坛上发言时说：“公约的框架充分认识到非物质文化遗产在赋权和确保可持续发展方面的重要性。”空格处用副词作状语，修饰动词recognizes，full的副词是fully，意为“充分地”，故填fully。
【65题详解】
考查冠词。句意：联合国教科文组织东亚多部门区域办事处代表Shahbaz Khan通过视频在论坛上发言时说：“公约的框架充分认识到非物质文化遗产在赋权和确保可持续发展方面的重要性。”video是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，video是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jim对中国的美食很感兴趣，他尤其喜欢中国的水饺，特地写信向你咨询如何包水饺，请你用英语给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1. 详述水饺制作的过程；
2. 期待回复。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Knowing that you are fond of Chinese cuisine, especially dumplings, I’m glad to tell you how to make dumplings.
First of all, you should mix the flour with water. The second step is to prepare the filling. You can choose your favorite meat, such as beef or mutton, and chop it up and mix it with vegetables. Then put some salt, oil and other condiments into it and stir it evenly. When all these preparations are done, you can start making dumpling wrappers and making dumplings.
I hope the above information is helpful to you. Contact me if you need any help. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jim对中国的美食很感兴趣，他尤其喜欢中国的水饺，特地写信向你咨询如何包水饺，请你用英语给他写一封回信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
喜欢：be fond of→be keen on
选择：choose→select
对……某人有益：be helpful to→be beneficial to
答复：reply→answer
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：You can choose your favorite meat, such as beef or mutton, and chop it up and mix it with vegetables. Then put some salt, oil and other condiments into it and stir it evenly.
拓展句：You can choose your favorite meat, such as beef or mutton, and chop it up and mix it with vegetables, after which put some salt, oil and other condiments into it and stir it evenly.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing that you are fond of Chinese cuisine, especially dumplings, I’m glad to tell you how to make dumplings.（运用了现在分词作状语，that引导宾语从句）
【高分句型2】When all these preparations are done, you can start making dumpling wrappers and making dumplings.（运用了when引导时间状语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On a Friday night, a poor young artist named Anthony Perry stood at the gate of the New York railway station, playing his violin. The violinist was a student at an arts college and had planned to attend advanced studies in Vienna. He needed money to pay the tuition, so he played the violin at the railway station every day to make money. The music was so great that many people stopped to put some money into the hat of the young man.
The next day, Anthony came to the same place, and put his hat on the ground gracefully. Different from the day before, he took out a large piece of paper and laid it under his hat. Then he began to play the violin. It sounded more pleasant than ever.
Soon he was surrounded by people who were attracted by the words on that paper. It said, “Last night, a gentleman named George Sang put an important thing into my hat by mistake. Please come to get it soon.”
After about half an hour, a middle-aged man rushed through the crowd to the violinist and said, “Yes, it’s you. I knew that you were an honest man and would certainly come here.” The young violinist asked calmly, “Are you Mr George Sang ” The man nodded. The violinist asked, “Did you lose something ” “It’s a lottery ticket (彩票),” said the man.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Anthony took out a lottery ticket and George Sang’s name was seen on it.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Anthony’s good deed was posted on social media and went viral.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
Anthony took out a lottery ticket and George Sang’s name was seen on it. “Is it ” he asked. George nodded immediately. To George’s surprise, Anthony handed the lottery ticket to him without hesitation. So glad was George that he took the lottery ticket and kissed it. Then George offered to share with Anthony the lottery money he won, but Anthony refused. So moved was George that he patted Anthony’s shoulder and expressed his gratitude to him from the bottom of his heart, with tears in his eyes. A smile spread across Anthony’s face and he felt a wave of happiness flooding over him.
Anthony’s good deed was posted on social media and went viral. When asked why he had done so, Anthony said it was honesty that made him give back the lottery ticket to George. He was very proud of what he had done. Many people were touched by what he said, so they went to the New York railway station to listen to him playing his violin and donated money to him. After a period of time, he earned enough money to pay the tuition to achieve his dream of attending advanced studies in Vienna.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个星期五的晚上，一个名叫Anthony Perry的贫穷的年轻艺术家站在纽约火车站门口，拉着他的小提琴，他需要钱交学费，所以他每天在火车站拉小提琴赚钱，第二天，他来到同一个地方，优雅地把帽子放在地上，这次多了一张纸，纸上的内容是寻找一个把东西落在他帽子里的人，半个小时后，一个中年男子赶来说自己落下了一张彩票。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Anthony拿出一张彩票，上面有George Sang的名字。”可知，第一段可描写Anthony把彩票还给George和George的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“Anthony的善举被发布在社交媒体上，并迅速走红。”可知，第二段可描写Anthony因为善良和诚实而得到回报。
2.续写线索：安东尼归还彩票——George提出分享奖金——Anthony拒绝——George感激——Anthony为自己感到自豪——人们感动——赶去听Anthony演奏和捐钱——Anthony赚够钱
3.词汇激活
行为类
①递：hand/pass
②拒绝：refuse/reject
③捐赠：donate/contribute
情绪类
①感动：moved/touched
②感激：gratitude/thankfulness
【点睛】[高分句型1] So glad was George that he took the lottery ticket and kissed it. (由so...that...引导的结果状语从句和部分倒装句)
[高分句型2] When asked why he had done so, Anthony said it was honesty that made him give back the lottery ticket to George. (由when引导的时间状语从句的省略，why引导的宾语从句和强调句)2022级高二年级教学测评月考卷(三)
英语
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。
3. 考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman find surprising
A. The man does not have an air-conditioner.
B. The man has not been using his air-conditioner.
C. The summer has been unusually hot.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why will the man call the woman
A. To ask her about the homework.
B. To talk to her roommate.
C. To give her some information.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What clothes will the man probably wear for Jane’s wedding
A. His old suit. B. His new suit. C. He is not sure.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman mean
A She is still thinking. B. She has finished ordering. C. She is guessing.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the woman probably do
A. Ask Alice if the man can borrow the novel.
B. Return the novel to Alice immediately.
C. Help the man to find a copy in the bookstore.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Where does the man usually watch the TV shows
A. On TV. B. On his computer. C. On his phone.
7. What does the man usually watch on the Internet
A. Short videos. B. Drama series. C. News programs.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What does the woman plan to do today
A. Go camping. B. Visit Linda. C. Finish her report.
9. When will the man go into town
A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. Who is Keke
A. The man’s friend. B. An English teacher. C. A cute parrot.
11. What are the speakers doing
A. Shopping. B. Talking about parrots. C. Learning English
12. What does the man ask the woman to do in the end
A. To play chess with him.
B To teach Keke English.
C. To continue reading her book.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. How is the man feeling
A. Sorry and regretful. B. Understanding but sad. C. Concerned and angry.
14. When did Elizabeth get home today
A. At 10:00 p.m. B. At 10:45 p.m. C. At 11:00 p.m.
15. Why was Elizabeth late
A. She was stuck in traffic. B. She got in an accident. C. She forgot about the time.
16. What did the man decide
A. Elizabeth cannot use her phone for a week.
B. Elizabeth cannot see her friends for a week.
C. Elizabeth has to come home early for a week.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. How did the speaker go to school
A. By bike. B. On foot. C. By bus.
18. When did the rain begin
A. Before he left home. B. After he arrived at school. C. When school was over.
19. How long did the rain last
A Several minutes. B. Half an hour. C. Three hours.
20. How does the speaker feel after the rain
A. Comfortable. B. Annoyed. C. Frightened.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Visiting is a great way to get the feel of everyday life at Harvard College. Take the chance to meet our students and explore the Cambridge/Boston area. We know that many students will not be able to visit colleges before applying. As an alternative, examining our website will give you a vast amount of information about Harvard’s past, present, and future.
Summer 2024 schedule
From June 22, 2024 to August 9, 2024, all admissions (招生) information sessions and tours will start at Sanders Theater in Memorial Hall, 45 Quincy Street, Cambridge, MA. The schedule will feature only one information session per day at 10:00 am, followed by a tour at 11:00 am, from Monday through Saturday. Information sessions and tours will not be offered on June 27, 2024, July 3, 2024, July 4, 2024, August 7, 2024 or August 8, 2024.
From August 10, 2024 to August 21, 2024, all admissions information sessions and tours will start at Agassiz House, 5 James Street, Cambridge, MA. The schedule will feature information sessions each weekday at 10 am and 2 pm, followed by tours of the campus at 11 am and 3 pm.
Registration (报名) is strongly recommended.
Information Sessions and Tours
Admissions tours last about 75 minutes and focus on undergraduate (本科生) life at Harvard. They are intended for students considering entrance to the College. For historical tours, visit the Harvard Information Center.
Please allow one hour before scheduled events to find parking and navigate your way across campus to Sanders Theater. Contact the Visitor Center at 617495-1551 with any questions.
Tour the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS)
Take a student-led tour focused on Harvard’s undergraduate programs in engineering and applied sciences. (Groups of 10 or more must email communications @fas.harvard.edu to schedule a separate tour.) Tours last about 60 minutes. For our current schedule please refer to our Visitor Center Calendar.
Virtual tour of Harvard College
Take our online guided tour to see the Harvard campus at any time, from any location. Student guides lead you through the places in which they live and learn including dorm rooms, classrooms, Widener Library, the freshman dining hall and more.
21. Which day can be arranged to visit Harvard
A. July 3, 2024. B. August 7, 2024. C. August 21, 2024. D. August 8, 2024.
22. What special attention should be paid when visiting
A. Arrive there one hour in advance. B. Book tickets in advance online.
C. Be accompanied by students’ parents. D. Contact a student guide before visiting.
23. What can be experienced during a visit
A. Participate in admissions information sessions every day in the same place.
B. Gain an opportunity to learn about undergraduate programs in engineering.
C. Attend a variety of classes with Harvard students on Harvard campus.
D. Schedule separate tours to take the classes of undergraduates immediately.
B
John von Neumann was the oldest of 3 children of a banker, and his speed of learning new ideas and solving problems stood out early. At 17, his father tried to persuade him not to become a mathematician because he might lead a poor life being a mathematician, so von Neumann agreed to study chemistry as well. In 1926, at 23, he received a degree in chemical engineering and a Ph.D in mathematics. From then on, mathematics provided well enough for him, and he never had to turn to chemistry.
In 1930, von Neumann visited Princeton University for a year and then became a professor there. His first book was published in 1932. In 1933, the Institute for Advanced Study was formed, and he became one of the 6 full-time people in the School of Mathematics (Einstein was one of the others).
World War Ⅱ hugely changed von Neumann’s areas of interest. Until 1940 he had been a great pure mathematician. During and after the war, he became one of the best mathematicians who put mathematical theories into practice. During the last part of the war he became interested in computing machines and made several fundamental contributions. After the war, von Neumann continued his work with computers, and was generally very active in government service. He received many awards, was president of the American Mathematical Society and was a member of the Atomic Energy Commission. He died of cancer in 1957.
Von Neumann made several great contributions and any one of them would have been enough to earn him a firm place in history. He will be remembered as one of the greatest minds of the 20th century.
Von Neumann really was a legend in his own time, and there are a number of stories about him. His driving ability is a part of his legend. He reported one accident this way: “I was driving down the road. The trees on the right were passing me in an orderly fashion at 60 miles per hour. Suddenly one of them stepped in my path.”
24. When was John von Neumann able to make a living with mathematics
A. 1920. B. 1932. C. 1930. D. 1926.
25. What can be inferred about John von Neumann
A. He worked in the same research institute as Einstein before.
B. He set out to apply the theories into practice before World War Ⅱ.
C. It was his father who changed his profession completely.
D. He is indifferent to fame and fortune throughout his life.
26. Why is John von Neumann considered a great person
A. For his first book’s effect. B. For his great contributions.
C. For his sacrifice in World War Ⅱ. D. For his devotion to his school.
27. Why was John von Neumann’s driving mentioned
A. To illustrate a driving test. B. To report a serious accident.
C. To show his high humour. D. To clarify his great wealth.
C
When ancient Egyptians put pen to paper—or, more accurately, ink to papyrus (纸莎草纸) —they took steps to ensure that their words would last forever, a new study suggests. Researchers from the University of Copenhagen have found that ancient scribes (抄写员) likely added lead to their inks to help their writing dry. More than 1,000 years later, reports Cosmos Magazine, 15th-century European artists employed lead as well. According to the London National Gallery, lead-based pigments found in many Old Master paintings are “known to aid the drying of paint films.”
According to a statement from the University of Copenhagen, the study’s authors analyzed 12 papyrus pieces dating back to between 100 and 200 C.E., when Egypt was under Roman control. The team used X-ray microscope to determine the raw materials used in different inks, as well as the chemical structure of the dried ink attached to the ancient paper. Ancient Egyptians began writing with ink—made by burning wood or oil and mixing the resulting material with water—around 3200 B.C. Typically, scribes used black, carbon-based ink for the body of text and reserved red ink for headings and other key words in the text. Though black and red inks were most common, shades of blue, green, white and yellow also appeared in ancient texts.
The researchers write that the Egyptians created red inks with iron-based combinations—most likely natural earth pigments. The team also identified the presence of lead. They were bowled over that there was no lead white or other combinations that would typically be present in a lead-based pigment. Instead the ancient ink’s lead pigments appeared to wrap around the papyrus cell walls and iron particles (微粒). The resulting effect looked “as if the letters were outlined” in lead. This finding indicates that the ancient Egyptians invented a system of adding lead to red and black inks specifically for the purpose of sticking the words to paper.
The 12 analyzed papyrus pieces are part of the University of Copenhagen’s Papyrus Carlsberg Collection. The documents originated in Tebtunis, the only large-scale institutional library known to have survived from ancient Egyptian times.
28. What is the main function of lead in the masterpieces of the ancients
A. To make the colors brighter. B. To stick the ink to the pen.
C. To help the writing dry. D. To increase their thickness.
29. What can be inferred from the statement
A. It was easy for X-ray microscope to detect the raw materials.
B. Only wet inks can be used to determine their chemical components.
C. Ancient Egyptians already knew black could catch eyes easily.
D. The inks used by the ancient Egyptians came in a variety of colors.
30. What do the underlined words mean
A. Amazed. B. Concerned. C. Angry. D. Worried.
31. How did the ancient Egyptians make words stay on paper for a long time according to Paragraph 3
A. By combining several kinds of colors.
B. By adding lead to red and black inks.
C. By breaking the structure of the colors.
D. By analyzing the elements of the paper.
D
New discoveries and technological breakthroughs are made every year. Yet, as the information industry moves forward, many people in society are looking back to their roots in terms of the way they eat. A “locavore” movement has emerged in the United States. The movement supports eating foods grown locally and sustainably, rather than prepackaged foods shipped from other parts of the world.
Experts hold that eating local has many merits, and is expected to become a trend featuring sustainability. Erin Barnett is the director of Local Harvest, a company that aims to help connect people to farms in their area. By eating local, she argues, people have a better and more personal understanding of the impact their food consumption has on the rest of the world. “There is a way of connecting the point, where eating locally is an act that raises our awareness of sustainable living,” Barnett says.
The United States’ agricultural output is one of the highest in the world, says Timothy Beach, a professor of geography and geoscience at the University of Texas in Austin, Texas. “There’s just no other place on Earth where the amount of input is so productive,” Beach says of American agriculture. “Nobody can cut off the food we need.”
However, the US food system is not sustainable because of its dependency on fossil (化石) fuels, says Beach. Equipment used on “extremely productive” farms is quickly consuming Earth’s natural resources, particularly oil. Additionally, the production of agricultural supplements (补充剂)，such as fertilizer, uses large amounts of energy.
The world has used close to half of the global oil supply, Beach says, and the second half will be consumed at an even faster rate because of the growing population and economic development. Although many businesses are experimenting with wind, solar, and biofuel, Beach says there’s nothing that we see on the horizon that can replace it. “There is no way on Earth we are using fossil fuels sustainably. Then we have to reconsider the impact of eating local,” he says.
32. What is the special focus of the “locavore” movement
A. The development of information society. B. The emergence of new discoveries.
C. The localization and sustainability of food. D. The globalization of eating styles.
33. What is Erin Barnett’s opinion
A. Agricultural companies have the responsibility to help farmers.
B. Raising the awareness of sustainability is an urgent issue currently.
C. Eating locally can quickly increase the growth of the local economy.
D. The diversity of things can greatly enrich the lives of local people.
34. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4
A. The agricultural weaknesses of the US. B. The benefits of fossil fuels.
C. The most productive equipment on farms. D. The consumption of local food.
35. What is the challenge facing the world now
A. The population is growing too fast. B. Global economy develops rapidly.
C. Eating locally can’t be accepted. D. No suitable energy can replace oil.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Chinese is one of the world’s most widely spoken languages. As one of the six official languages used by the United Nations, Chinese now has gained itself greater status (地位) in the world. Chinese is interesting and special. Unlike most other languages, Chinese has a written form and several spoken forms. ____36____
Mandarin (普通话) is a statement in China. ____37____ Mandarin is shaped and based on the Beijing dialect and other dialects spoken in the northern areas of China. Mandarin is taught in schools throughout the country. The media, officials, and the government use Mandarin as their main language. When you type in Chinese, you use a phonetic system, called pinyin, which matches the Mandarin pronunciation. Mandarin is used as a mother tongue by most people who are about one fifth of the world’s population. Chinese once had a very great influence on some neighboring countries with their languages and characters, such as Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese and so on. ___38___
Nowadays, with the development of China, Chinese people not only speak Chinese, but also learn other languages, such as English. ____39____ Many Chinese people can speak basic English, especially the youth, students, and staff of service trades like hotels, restaurants, airlines, banks and post offices. ____40____ The language communication now is not a problem at all for those who wish to come to China.
Now Chinese is becoming more and more popular. As long as you know Chinese, you’ll also be fine anywhere in China.
A. The official language of China is the Mandarin.
B. The more words you know, the faster this will happen.
C. It is the common language of all modern Han nationality people.
D. Pinyin is a system used for writing Mandarin Chinese using the Roman alphabet
E. English is a required course and universal education in China and has great popularity.
F. In large cities there are more people who can communicate with foreigners in English.
G. In addition to China, Mandarin is an official language in several other countries in Asia.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It feels like every time my mother and I start to have a conversation, it turns into a(n) ____41____. We talk about something as simple as dinner plans and suddenly my mother will push the ____42____ into the Third World War. She’ll talk about my lack of a bright future because I don’t plan to be a doctor. And much to her ____43____, I don’t want to do any job related to science, ____44____. In fact, when I said that I planned to ____45____ in English, she nearly had a heart attack.
“Why can’t you be like my co-worker’s son ” she shouts all the time. Her co-worker’s son ____46____ a four-year scholarship and is now ____47____ 70,000 dollars a year as an engineer. I don’t know what to say except that I simply can’t be like Mr. Perfect as I’ve called the unnamed co-worker’s son. I can’t be like him.
I understand why my mother is ____48____ about my future major. I’ve seen my mother ____49____ to raise me on her small _____50_____ and work long hours. She leaves the house around 6:30 am and usually comes back home around 6:00 pm or even 7:00 pm. _____51_____ as she is, she still cooks supper for me and then does other housework _____52_____ late into the night. Additionally, she never wears fancy clothes and expensive jewelry.
I am fully _____53_____ that what my mother has done is out of her deep love for me. However, I want her to know that by becoming a(n) _____54_____, it doesn’t mean I’ll be successful. I’d rather _____55_____ my dreams and create my own future.
41. A. inspiration B. donation C. argument D. confidence
42. A. session B. conversation C. production D. version
43. A. disappointment B. routine C. performance D. determination
44. A. once B. never C. ever D. either
45. A. imagine B. describe C. major D. evaluate
46. A. forced B. received C. poured D. reminded
47. A. recovering B. trusting C. earning D. skipping
48. A. worried B. embarrassed C. excited D. touched
49. A. protect B. defend C. breathe D. struggle
50. A. sympathy B. salary C. experiment D. space
51. A. Ashamed B. Certain C. Proud D. Tired
52. A. setting out B. going back C. catching up D. staying up
53. A. awkward B. aware C. unclear D. forgetful
54. A. doctor B. mother C. interviewer D. customer
55. A. pursue B. deny C. admit D. predict
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese martial arts (武术), African tribal dances, and Brazil’s Samba set off waves of ____56____ (applaud) from the audience in mid-October. The 8th International Festival of Intangible Cultural Heritage was held ____57____ Chengdu, the capital of southwestern China’s Sichuan province.
The five-day event brought together around 6,000 performers ____58____ engaged in more than 900 performances of intangible cultural heritage from 47 countries and ____59____ (region).
It was co-hosted by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, the Sichuan government and the National Commission of the People’s Republic of China for UNESCO, and aimed ____60____ (show) China’s efforts to implement the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage and promote ____61____ (tradition) Chinese culture.
Five exhibitions, ____62____ (include) those featuring intangible cultural heritage in modern life, and international craftsmanship, ____63____ (stage) to expose the public to the cultural charm, and thus promote the inheritance of heritage.
“The framework of the convention ____64____ (full) recognizes the significance of intangible cultural heritage in empowering and ensuring sustainable development,” Shahbaz Khan, representative of UNESCO Multi-sectoral Regional Office for East Asia, said as he addressed the forum via ____65____ video.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jim对中国的美食很感兴趣，他尤其喜欢中国的水饺，特地写信向你咨询如何包水饺，请你用英语给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1. 详述水饺制作的过程；
2. 期待回复。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
On a Friday night, a poor young artist named Anthony Perry stood at the gate of the New York railway station, playing his violin. The violinist was a student at an arts college and had planned to attend advanced studies in Vienna. He needed money to pay the tuition, so he played the violin at the railway station every day to make money. The music was so great that many people stopped to put some money into the hat of the young man.
The next day, Anthony came to the same place, and put his hat on the ground gracefully. Different from the day before, he took out a large piece of paper and laid it under his hat. Then he began to play the violin. It sounded more pleasant than ever.
Soon he was surrounded by people who were attracted by the words on that paper. It said, “Last night, a gentleman named George Sang put an important thing into my hat by mistake. Please come to get it soon.”
After about half an hour, a middle-aged man rushed through the crowd to the violinist and said, “Yes, it’s you. I knew that you were an honest man and would certainly come here.” The young violinist asked calmly, “Are you Mr George Sang ” The man nodded. The violinist asked, “Did you lose something ” “It’s a lottery ticket (彩票),” said the man.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Anthony took out a lottery ticket and George Sang’s name was seen on it.
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Anthony’s good deed was posted on social media and went viral.
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