中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2023-2024学年六年级英语上册期末核心考点复习(译林版)
Unit 4 Then and now
知识解读
字母组合“er”的发音
[考点] 字母组合er在非重点音节中，尤其是作为后缀时，常发短元音/ /, 如：teacher，worker
[拓展] 字母组合er在重读闭音节中，常发长元音/ :/，如：term, her
[典型考题1] 从下列每组单词中选出画线部分读音不同的一项。
( )1.A.paper B.summer C.term D.worker
( )2.A.sister B.German C.teacher D.summer
核心词汇讲解
use 动词，意为“使用”
考点：use sth. to do sth. 用......做
= do sth. with sth.
例如：We use water to wash hands.我们用水洗手。
=We wash hands with water.
[典型考题2]
Mr White (use) the telephone (call) people.
My father (use) a mobile phone (call) (I) just now.
write sb. a letter写信给某人
考点：write sb. a letter写信给某人
= write (a letter) to sb.
例如：I often write my e-friends a letter. 我经常写信给我的网友。
=I often write a letter to my e-friends.
注：write的过去式是wrote
[典型考题3]
翻译：我的妈妈十年前写信给她的朋友。
Mr Green is writing a letter his friend the office.
A.to; at B.for; in C.to; in
--What did you do yesterday --I a letter at home.
A.writed B.am writing C.wrote
listen to 听; news新闻
listen 后加“，”再加句子 Listen, he is singing. 听，他正在唱歌。
后加副词， He listened carefully. 他认真地听了。（副修动）
listen to +听的内容
例如：Listen to me. 听我说。
Listen to your teacher carefully. 认真地听你的老师讲。
news “新闻”，不可数
如：a piece of news一则新闻
paper“纸”不可数（意为“报纸，论文，试卷”时可数）
如：a piece of paper一张纸
newspaper “报纸”，可数
如：read newspapers看报纸
[典型考题4]
Nancy the radio every day
A.Does; listen to B.Do; listen C.Is; listen to
My grandpa often reads for .
A.newspaper; new B.newspapers; news C.newspapers; new
Mr Smith always has _________ to tell us.
A. some pieces of news（新闻） B. some piece of news
C. some piece of newses D. some pieces of newses
My grandpa (listen) the radio and (read) newspapers ten years ago.
work hard“努力地工作”
work 名词：工作（不可数）；作品（可数）
动词：工作
hard 形容词：硬的，艰苦的；
副词：努力地，用力地；
work hard努力的工作（hard是副词，修饰动词work）
hard work 艰苦的工作（hard是形容词，修饰名词work）
Lu Xun’s works鲁迅的作品
[典型考题5]
( )My teacher every day.
A.works hard B.works hardly C.work hard
重难语法讲解
can--could表达某人过去会做某事
解析：·could是can的过去式，意为“能够，会，可以”，表示某人具有做某事的能力；
其否定形式为couldn’t =could not;
·两者没有人称和数的变化，其后都要接动词原形。即
can/could + 动词原形
·肯定句型结构：主语 + could + 动词原形（+其他）.
否定句型结构：主语 + couldn’t + 动词原形（+其他）.
一般疑问句结构：Could + 主语 + 动词原形（+其他）？
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+could./否定回答：No, 主语+couldn’t.
拓展：could也可以表示委婉、客气地提出问题或陈述看法，此时可以与can互换使用，但could的语气较can委婉，两者没有时态上的区别。
例如： When I was five years old, I could sing, but I couldn’t dance.
[典型考题6]
( )1. Mike’s father ________ read newspapers twenty years ago.
A. can B. can’t C. could
( )2. Lily could not ________ the piano five years ago.
A. play B. plays C. playing
一般过去时与一般现在时对比
一般现在时
定义：指经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态
若指经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词用行为动词；
若指经常性、习惯性的状态，谓语动词用be动词。
动词原形/三单
谓语动词
am/is/are
标志词：every day, always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom(很少), never(从不)
动词三单变化规则：
一般在动词尾加s，如：look--looks, read--reads;
以s, x, sh, ch以及o结尾的动词加es，如：catch--catches, go--goes, do--does;
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，变y为i，再加es, 如：fly--flies;
特例：have--has
注：当主语是he, she, it以及单数，不可数名词时用三单。
句型转化
肯定句： I am at home. I like cats. He likes lions.
否定句： I am at home. I don’t like cats. He doesn’t like lions.
一般疑问句： -Are you at home -Do you like cats -Does he like lions
-Yes, I am./No, I’m not. -Yes, I do./No, I don’t. -Yes, he does./No, he doesn’t.
特殊疑问句： Where are you What do you like He likes lions.
一般过去时
定义：指发生在过去的动作或过去存在的状态。
指发生在过去的动作或事情，谓语动词用行为动词的过去式；
指过去存在的状态，谓语动词用be动词的过去式was, were。
规则的动词加ed，不规则的特殊记
谓语动词
was/were
标志词：yesterday, yesterday morning/afternoon/evening
last week/month/year/term上一周/日/去年/上个学期
this morning/afternoon/evening
just now(刚才)；a week ago(一周前); long long ago(很久以前)
one day(一天); the day before yesterday(前天)
动词过去时式的变化规则★★★★★
例：watch—watched like—liked study—studied stop—stopped are—were
go--went have--had read--read
一般过去时的三种句型结构：
句型 结构 例句
肯定句 主语+行为动词的过去式（+其他） I did homework yesterday.
主语+was/were+其他 I was very happy yesterday.
否定句 主语+didn't+行为动词原形（+其他） I didn't do homework yesterday.
主语+was/were+not+其他 I wasn't happy yesterday.
一般疑问句 Did+主语+行为动词原形（+其他）？ Did you do homework yesterday？
肯定回答：Yes，主语+did.否定回答：No+主语+didn't. Yes, I did. 是的，我写了。No, I didn’t. 不，我没写。
Was/Were+主语+其他？ Were you happy yesterday？
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+was/were.否定回答：No，主语+was/were+not. Yes, I was.是的，我很开心。No, I was not.不，我不开心。
[典型考题7] 单项选择。
( )1. Mike ________ this storybook two days ago.
A. read B. reads C. readed
( )2. I didn’t wear glasses ________. But I must wear a pair of glasses every day now.
A. last year B. next week C. now
( )3. Miss Green usually ________ letters ________ me twenty years ago.
A. writes; to B. writes; for C. wrote; to
( )4. She ________ to watch TV on Saturday evening.
A. liked B. like C. likes
易错点拨
易混淆动词 look, see, watch 与 read 的用法。
【例题】单项选择。
( ) My father newspapers for news ten years ago.
A. watched B. saw C. looked D. read
【答案】D
点拨：look 强调“看”的动作，可以单独使用，用来引起对方的注意，如果后面接宾语，则要与at连用；see强调“看”的结果，表示看见、看到；watch 表示注视、观看，常用于表示看电视、看电影、观看足球之类的体育运动等；read表示阅读，常用于表示看书、看报纸等。此题设空处后为newspapers,应该用read 来搭配,故选D。
易混淆 with 与 use 的用法。
【例题】选词填空。
(1) I cut the paper (with/use) the knife.
(2) You can (with/use) my mobile phone to call your mother.
【答案】(1) with (2) use
点拨：with 和 use 都有“用”的意思，但是两者用法不同。with 是介词，表示一种方式，在句中作状语；use 是动词，在句中作谓语。
第(1)小题，句中已经有谓语动词cut，设空处所填内容应与后面的 the knife一起作状语，故填 with。第(2)小题,句子缺少谓语动词,故填 use。
强化检测
按要求写词。
1.can（过去式） 2.went（原形）
3.take（过去式） 4.fly（过去式）
5.read（过去式） 6.saw（原形）
7.couldn’t（完整形式） 8.shop（现在分词）
9.e-mail（复数） 10.buy（过去式）
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.Tony usually (fly) kites in the park at weekends.
2. you (buy) any new books in the bookshop last week
3.George (play) the violin and (watch) TV last night.
4.Let's (read) the sentence together.
5.Mr Jones often letters many years ago,but now he emails on the Internet.(write)
6.When my mother (be) a student,she (study) very hard.Now she (be) a teacher.She still (work) very hard.
单项选择。
( )1.Mr Green because Tom didn't him in class.
A.gets angry;listened to B.gots angry;listen C.got angry;listen to
( )2.Ten years ago,I eight years old and you ten.
A.was;were B.was;was C.were;are
( )3.The boy skate,but the girl .
A.could;didn't B.could;couldn't C.couldn't;did
( )4.Sam can make a sentence “ago”,but Bobby .
A.for;doesn't B.with;can C.with;can't
( )5.Helen couldn't dance sing five years ago.
A.or B.and C.to
按要求完成句子。
1.He used the telephone to call people twenty years ago.(改为同义句)
He people the telephone twenty years ago.
2.There were some newspapers on the table just now.(改为一般疑问句)
newspapers on the table just now
3.They found a small lake in the forest.(改为否定句)
They a small lake in the forest.
4.Nancy could draw pictures five years ago.(对画线部分提问)
Nancy five years ago
5.Miss Li is telling us a story now.(用yesterday替换now改写句子)
Miss Li a story yesterday.
完形填空。
Martin wanted a big pot for a party.So he borrowed one 1 a neighbour.After the party,he gave 2 back with another small pot inside."Your pot 3 a baby when it was with us," he said.Of course,the neighbour was very 4 .And when Martin came to borrow the big pot again for 5 party,the neighbour lent it to 6 very gladly.
This time,Martin did not give the 7 back.After a few days,the neighbour went to Martin's house.“ 8 is my big pot ”he asked.“Oh,the big pot ”said Martin.“It died when it 9 with us.”“Died ”said the neighbour.“But pots do not die.”“Why do you say that If a pot could have a 10 ,of course it could die."
( )1.A.from B.with C.for D.at
( )2.A.them B.him C.it D.us
( )3.A.have B.had C.has D.take
( )4.A.sad B.afraid C.scared D.happy
( )5.A.another B.others C.the other D.the others
( )6.A.his B.her C.him D.me
( )7.A.cat B.bag C.baby D.pot
( )8.A.Where B.What C.Which D.Why
( )9.A.were B.was C.did D.is
( )10.A.neighbour B.man C.rest D.baby
参考答案
[典型考题1]
1.C解析：A.paper/ / B.summer/ / C.term / :/ D.worker / /
2.B解析：A.sister/ / B.German/ :/ C.teacher/ / D.summer / /
[典型考题2]
1.uses, to call
2.used, to call
[典型考题3]
1.My mother wrote to her friend ten years ago
2.C 3.C
[典型考题4]
1.A 2.B 3.A 4.listened to, read
[典型考题5]
A
[典型考题6]
1.C 2.A
[典型考题7]
1.A 2.A 3.C 4.C
强化检测参考答案
一、1.could 2.go 3.took 4.flew 5.read 6.see 7.could not 8.shopping 9.e-mails 10.bought
二、l.flies2.Did,buy3.played,watched 4.read 5.wrote,writes 6.was,studied,is,works
三、1.C 2.A 3.B
4.C解析：make a sentence with,意为“用……造句”；but表示转折，前半句表示肯定，则后半句表示否定。故选C。
5.A
四、l.called,with2.Were there any3.didn't find 4.What could,do 5.told us
五、1.A解析：通读全文可知，本篇讲述的是Martin向邻居借一口锅的故事。borrow sth from sb意为“向某人借某物”。故选A。
2.C解析：此处用it指代上文中提到的“a big pot”。故选C。
3.B 4.D
5.A解析：another意为“又一，再一”，后面常接单数可数名词。联系上下文可知，此处是指Martin为另一次聚会再次来向邻居借锅。故选A。
6.C
7.D解析：由下文中邻居过来问锅在哪里可知，这次Martin没有及时归还邻居的锅。故选D。
8A 9.B
10.D解析：联系上文中锅有了宝宝可推断，此处的句意是“如果锅能生宝宝，当然它也会死。”故选D。
Mr Brown wrote letters to his friends.布朗先生给他的朋友们写信。
Mike’s grandpa listened to the radio and read newspapers for news.布朗先生给他的朋友们写信。
She works hard every day.她每天都在努力工作。
Six years ago, Mike could read and draw, but he could not write.
六年前，迈克会读书和画画，但是他不会写字。
Twenty years ago, Mrs Brown made friends at school. 二十年前，布朗夫人在学校交朋友。
Now she has e-friends from all over the word. 现在她的网友遍布全世界。
一般直接在词尾加-ed。
以不发音的e结尾的动词在词尾加-d。
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-ed。
以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed。
不规则动词过去式的变化,需要同学们逐个记忆。
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期
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核
心
考
点
(译林)《六年级英语上册》2023-2024学年
Unit 4 Then and now
集
训
目录页
CONTENTS
目录
1
2
强化检测
3
知识解读重点单词、短语、语法
易错点拨
1
知 识 解 读
My mother is a teacher.
She works hard every day.
My cousin is a worker.
Now he’s on holiday.
er
[ ]
sister mother
teacher farmer
winter summer
/
/
/
/
字母组合“er”的发音
家人：
father
mother
brother
sister
职业：
teacher
worker
waiter
driver
farmer
writer
季节：
summer
winter
其他：
under
tiger
water
dinner
er
[ ]
letter
weather
together
er
or
doctor
visitor
re
theatre
centre 中心
er 长音/ :/
her
sweater
知识讲解
[典型考题1] 从下列每组单词中选出画线部分读音不同的一项。
( )1.A.paper B.summer C.term D.worker
( )2.A.sister B.German C.teacher D.summer
C
B
核心词汇讲解
Ten years ago, I used the telephone to call people.
Now, I use the mobile phone to call people.
use 动词，意为“使用”，过去式：used
考点：use sth. to do sth. 用......做
= do sth. with sth.
例如：We use water to wash hands.我们用水洗手。
=We wash hands with water.
知识讲解
[典型考题2]
① Mr White (use) the telephone (call) people.
② My father (use) a mobile phone (call) (I) just now.
uses
to call
used
to call
me
write sb. a letter 写信给某人 = write (a letter) to sb. 例如：I often write my e-friends a letter. 我经常写信给我的网友。
=I often write a letter to my e-friends.
Now
Mr Brown
Then
[典型考题3]
① 翻译：我的妈妈十年前写信给她的朋友。
② Mr Green is writing a letter his friend the office.
A.to; at B.for; in C.to; in
知识讲解
知识讲解
A
B
A
listened to
read
知识讲解
A
… years ago, …could
Now,…can..
解析：·could是can的过去式，意为“能够，会，可以”，表示某人具有做某事的能力；
其否定形式为couldn’t =could not;
·两者没有人称和数的变化，其后都要接动词原形。即
can/could + 动词原形
重难语法讲解
肯定句型结构：主语 + could + 动词原形（+其他）.
否定句型结构：主语 + couldn’t + 动词原形（+其他）.
一般疑问句结构：Could + 主语 + 动词原形（+其他）？
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+could./否定回答：No, 主语+couldn’t.
拓展：could也可以表示委婉、客气地提出问题或陈述看法，此时可以与can互换使用，但could的语气较can委婉，两者没有时态上的区别。
例如： When I was five years old, I could sing, but I couldn’t dance.
。
could的句式结构
1 2 3
知识讲解
C
A
真懂？
一般过去时与一般现在时对比
时态
一般现在时：
过去某个时间或时间段发生的动作或存在的状态。
(The Simple Present Tense)
(The Simple Past Tense)
经常或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。
一般过去时：
1 2 3
各时态常用的信息词
一般现在时:
一般过去时:
always, usually, often, sometimes ,seldom,
never, every day, every… ,three times a day
last night, last…, two days ago, …ago,
in 1999, in +过去的年份,
just now =a moment ago,
yesterday, yesterday morning
知识讲解
1 2 3
动词第三人称
单数的构成：
过去式
的构成：
①直接加-s。
②以s, x, ch, sh, o结尾加-es。
③以“辅音+y “结尾变y 为i再加-es。
①直接加-ed。
②以e结尾只加d。
③重读辅元辅，双写尾字母再加-ed。
④以“辅音+y”结尾变y 为i 再加-ed。
第三人称单数
过去式
study-
finish-
have-
go-
do-
play-
watch-
give-
need-
stop-
hope-
play-
try-
plan-
visit-
like-
studies
finishes
has
goes
does
plays
watches
gives
needed
stopped
hoped
played
tried
planned
visited
liked
词形转换
知识讲解
A
A
C
C
2
易错点拨
知识讲解
易错点拨
知识讲解
3
强化检测
知识讲解
答案：1.could 2.go 3.took 4.flew 5.read
6.see 7.could not 8.shopping 9.e-mails 10.bought
1 2 3 随 便 考
知识讲解
答案：l.flies 2.Did,buy 3.played,watched 4.read 5.wrote,writes
6.was,studied,is,works
知识讲解
called
with
Were there any
didn't find
What could
do
told us
知识讲解
知识讲解
知识讲解
1.A解析：通读全文可知，本篇讲述的是Martin向邻居借一口锅的故事。borrow sth from sb意为“向某人借某物”。故选A。
2.C解析：此处用it指代上文中提到的“a big pot”。故选C。
3.B 4.D
5.A解析：another意为“又一，再一”，后面常接单数可数名词。联系上下文可知，此处是指Martin为另一次聚会再次来向邻居借锅。故选A。
6.C
7.D解析：由下文中邻居过来问锅在哪里可知，这次Martin没有及时归还邻居的锅。故选D。
8A 9.B
10.D解析：联系上文中锅有了宝宝可推断，此处的句意是“如果锅能生宝宝，当然它也会死。”故选D。
我
的
微
课
感 谢 聆 听
Nothing is too difficult if you put your heart into it. 世上无难事只怕有心人！
