青岛十七中2023-2024学年度第一学期2023级12月考试
英语试题
满分为150分，考试用时120分钟。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 略
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、 D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Canada is a vast and diverse country that offers plenty of incredible tourist destinations. From wonderful natural landscapes to lively cities, Canada has something for every traveler. Here’s a guide to some of Canada’s top tourist destinations.
Banff National Park, Alberta
Located in the Canadian Rockies, Banff National Park is a breathtaking destination known for its turquoise (绿松石) lakes, snow-covered mountains, and plentiful wildlife. Explore the landmark-Lake Louise, hike to amazing viewpoints, and spend time in the natural hot springs.
Niagara Falls, Ontario
Niagara Falls is one of the world’s most famous natural attractions. Witness the steep (陡峭的) power and beauty of the grand falls from various viewpoints. Take a boat tour, visit the Butterfly Conservatory, or enjoy the lively atmosphere of Clifton Hill.
Toronto, Ontario
As Canada’s largest city, Toronto offers an impressive experience. Discover the famous CN Tower, explore the busy neighborhoods of Kensington Market and Distillery District, and visit world-class museums such as the Royal Ontario Museum and Art Gallery of Ontario.
Whistler, British Columbia
Whistler is a well-known winter sports destination, famous for its world-class ski slopes and winter activities. In summer, enjoy hiking, mountain biking, and golfing in the impressive mountain scenery.
1. What can visitors do in Banff National Park
A. Go boating. B. Go skiing.
C. Appreciate waterfalls. D. Enjoy hot springs.
2. Which destination offers all experience of lively cultural life
A. Banff National Park, Alberta. B. Niagara Falls, Ontario.
C. Toronto, Ontario. D. Whistler, British Columbia.
3. In which part of a newspaper can we see the text
A. Tourism. B. Culture. C. Fashion. D. Sport.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了加拿大的一些热门旅游目的地，包括阿尔伯塔省的班芙国家公园、安大略省的尼亚加拉瀑布、多伦多市和不列颠哥伦比亚省的惠斯勒等地。建议旅行者可以欣赏自然美景、参加各种活动和探索城市文化。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Banff National Park, Alberta部分中“Located in the Canadian Rockies, Banff National Park is a breathtaking destination known for its turquoise (绿松石) lakes, snow-covered mountains, and plentiful wildlife. Explore the landmark-Lake Louise, hike to amazing viewpoints, and spend time in the natural hot springs.( 班芙国家公园位于加拿大落基山脉，是一个令人叹为观止的目的地，以其绿松石湖泊，白雪覆盖的山脉和丰富的野生动物而闻名。探索地标-路易斯湖，徒步到令人惊叹的景点，并在天然温泉中度过时光。)”可知，在班芙国家公园可以探索地标性景点——路易斯湖以及观看到令人惊叹的景点。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Toronto, Ontario部分中“Discover the famous CN Tower, explore the busy neighborhoods of Kensington Market and Distillery District, and visit world-class museums such as the Royal Ontario Museum and Art Gallery of Ontario.(发现著名的CN塔，探索肯辛顿市场和酿酒厂区繁忙的街区，并参观世界级的博物馆，如皇家安大略博物馆和安大略美术馆。)”可知，Toronto, Ontario能够提供生动的文化生活体验如皇家安大略博物馆和安大略美术馆。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Canada is a vast and diverse country that offers plenty of incredible tourist destinations. From wonderful natural landscapes to lively cities, Canada has something for every traveler. Here’s a guide to some of Canada’s top tourist destinations.(加拿大是一个幅员辽阔、多样化的国家，提供了许多令人难以置信的旅游目的地。从美妙的自然景观到热闹的城市，加拿大有适合每个旅行者的东西。下面是加拿大一些顶级旅游目的地的指南。)”可知，文章主要介绍的是加拿大的诸多旅游景点。故推断文章出自于报纸的旅游部分。故选A。
B
My name is Alice. Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled (削弱) my ability to do anything. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me. For almost a year I struggled on, constantly staring at this wall that faced me. My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me.
One day, I attended a presentation (报告) by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. His presentation not only awed (使惊叹) and inspired me, but also helped create an inner desire to make a difference in the world. I joined a pre-presentation dinner with him and that smaller setting allowed me to slowly build up my courage to speak one-on-one with him—an idea that had seemed impossible. This contact was where my story began.
A month later, Brown invited me to attend the World Youth Wildlife Conference. Looking back, I now see that this would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my old self would have let pass, but that this new and more confident Alice enthusiastically seized. Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence.
I am writing this just six months since my journey began and I’ve realized that my biggest obstacle (障碍) this whole time was myself. It was that voice in the back of my head telling me that one phrase that has stopped so many people from reaching their potential: I can’t. They say good things come to those who wait; I say: grab every opportunity with everything you have and be impatient. After all, nature does not require our patience, but our action.
4. What was the main cause for Alice’s anxiety
A. Her desire to be perfect. B. Her habit of consumption.
C. Her inability to act her age. D. Her lack of inspiration.
5. How did Grant Brown’s presentation influence Alice
A. She learned about the harm of desire.
B. She tasted the sweetness of friendship.
C. She decided to do something for nature.
D. She built up her courage to speak up.
6. Which of the following is the best description of Alice’s situation after the activities
A. intelligent B. independent C. innovative D. confident
7. What can we learn from this passage
A. Practice makes perfect. B. Patience is a cure of anxiety.
C. Action is worry’s worst enemy. D. Everything comes to those who wait.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段“My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me.(我的完美主义倾向是这一点的主要根源：无论我做什么，我都想做到完美，这在生活中显然是不可能的，但它消耗了我)”可知，是要求完美导致了焦虑。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段“One day, I attended a presentation (报告) by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. His presentation not only awed (使惊叹) and inspired me, but also helped create an inner desire to make a difference in the world. (一天，我在高中参加了野生动物保护主义者Grant Brown的演讲。他的演讲不仅让我感到敬畏和鼓舞，还帮助我产生了一种内在的愿望，希望在世界上有所作为)”和文章第三段“Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. (在我收到他的邀请后不久，我的高中就收到了加入“Youth for Nature”和“Youth for Plane”组织的申请。我决定致力于完成这些申请，很快我就成为了一个日益壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员)”可知，是Grant Brown让作者开始为从事保护自然地活动中。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段“I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence.(我决定完成申请，很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。每一步都让我更加自信)”可知，Alice 加入这些活动让她变得更自信了。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段“My name is Alice. Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled (削弱) my ability to do anything.(去年年初，我被一种焦虑困扰，它削弱了我做任何事情的能力)”由文章第三段“I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence.(我决定完成申请，很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。每一步都让我更加自信)”可知，文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。由此推知，从文章中我们能学到行动是忧虑最大的敌人。故选C项。
C
By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.
At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny microorganisms (微生物) in the ocean called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colorful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean color varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean’s appearance.
Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate (调控) the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.
Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT’s Center for Global Change Science, built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3C, it found that multiple changes to the color of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions more suitable for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener. “Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing.” she said, “but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”
And why does that matter Phytoplankton are the base of the food web. If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean, Dutkiewicz said, “it will change the type of fish that will be able to live on.” Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain.
Whatever color changes the ocean experiences in the coming future will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable, but they could mean significant changes. “It’ll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change,” Dutkiewicz said, “but the change in the color of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet.”
8. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about
A. The cause of the changes in ocean color.
B. The various patterns at the ocean surface.
C. The way light reflects off marine organisms.
D. The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.
9. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. beneficial B. sensitive C. significant D. unnoticeable
10. What can we learn from the passage
A. Dutkiewicz’s model aims to project phytoplankton changes.
B. Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate.
C. Phytoplankton play a declining role in the ecosystem.
D. Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.
11. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To explain the effects of climate change on oceans.
B. To assess the consequences of ocean color changes.
C. To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton.
D. To analyze the organization of the ocean food chain.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于海洋颜色变化的研究，该研究预测了由于气候变化导致的海洋颜色变化，包括更蓝和更绿的现象。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny microorganisms (微生物) in the ocean called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colorful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean color varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean’s appearance.(这种现象的核心是海洋中被称为浮游植物的微小微生物。由于光被生物体反射的方式，这些浮游植物在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案。海洋的颜色从绿色到蓝色不等，这取决于浮游植物的种类和浓度。气候变化将促进某些地区浮游植物的生长，同时减少其他地区的浮游植物，从而导致海洋外观的变化。)”可知，文章前两段主要分析了海洋颜色产生变化的原因。故选A。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients. (变暖改变了海洋的关键特征，并可能影响浮游植物的生长，因为它们不仅需要阳光和二氧化碳来生长，还需要营养。)”可知，变暖会影响浮游植物的生长，由此可知，浮游植物对海洋变暖很“敏感”。选项A“beneficial (有益的)”；选项B“sensitive (敏感的)”；选项C“significant (重要的)”；选项D“unnoticeable (不引人注意的)”。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions more suitable for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener.(该模型预测，目前浮游植物较少的蓝色区域可能会变得更蓝。但是在一些水域，比如北极地区，气候变暖将使环境更适合浮游植物生长，这些地区将变得更绿。)”可推测，有更多浮游植物的海洋可能看起来更绿。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Whatever color changes the ocean experiences in the coming future will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable, but they could mean significant changes. “It’ll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change,” Dutkiewicz said, “but the change in the color of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet.”(无论未来海洋的颜色发生什么变化，都可能是缓慢而难以察觉的，但它们可能意味着重大的变化。Dutkiewicz说：“我们还需要一段时间才能统计出气候变化正在导致这些变化，但海洋颜色的变化将是我们真的改变了地球的早期预警信号之一。”)”可知，文章主要解释气候变化对海洋的影响。故选A。
D
One way to prevent anxiety from getting out of control is to recognize its benefits. It is a mistake to think that we’d make better decisions if only we keep our feelings under control. Instead, a mix of feelings like anxiety and logical thinking leads to sound decision-making. It’s true that there is plenty of research showing that higher levels of anxiety can make us more likely to avoid risks in our decision-making. There is also evidence that anxiety can increase the attention you pay to relevant information.
Recent studies have shown that people who are anxious about their relationship (for example, they fear to be abandoned) tend to be better at recognizing people who tell lies and are more likely to raise the alarm when danger is present.
In the real world though, it’s worth realizing that feeling anxious once in a while is extremely common. It communicates to others that you care, and what’s more, it’s probably a sign that you are intelligent. At least two published studies have identified that people who score higher on measures of anxiety also tend to perform better on intelligence tests. This seems reasonable: if you’re a thinker, you are sure to be always thinking about the future and imagine possible plots, including bad ones.
The important thing, if you are a worrywart，is not to let your fear destroy your dreams. And don’t bury your head in the sand Instead, act on your fears—do the research as well as preparation, so rather than walking blindly into that which you fear, you meet the challenge in full readiness．
When anxiety beats you, or casts a shadow over your life, this is a serious problem. No one is denying that. But like everyday anxiety of this kind that you feel before a presentation or an interview, you needn’t see it as your enemy. Anxiety is an important feeling, developed through evolution. As for people who are fairly anxious by nature, there is reason for cheer, too. Your nerves are a sign of your watchfulness.
Listen to them and act on them.Then you can turn your nervousness you’re your advantage．
12. What can we infer from the first paragraph about anxiety
A. It can be the only reason for all bad decisions．
B. It can make us more willing to take risks．
C. It can enable us to be more focused.
D. It can stop us from thinking logically．
13. What can we learn from the passage
A. Feeling anxious is more likely to put people at risk．
B. Anxious people are less sensitive to danger．
C. Feeling anxious occasionally is a sign of intelligence．
D. Anxious people have difficulty discovering liars．
14. How should we deal with anxiety in the author’s opinion
A. Treat it as a minor feeling． B. Avoid being defeated by it
C. Regard it as our enemy. D. Take action to control it．
15. What is the theme of the passage
A. Tips on how to keep a good mood． B. Effective ways to prevent anxiety．
C. Common misunderstandings about anxiety． D. Unexpected benefits of anxiety
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了焦虑能够带来的一些意想不到的好处，我们应该将焦虑变成自己的优势。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“There is also evidence that anxiety can increase the attention you pay to relevant information.(还有证据表明，焦虑会增加你对相关信息的注意力)”可知，焦虑能让我们更专注。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“At least two published studies have identified that people who score higher on measures of anxiety also tend to perform better on intelligence tests.(至少有两项已发表的研究表明，在焦虑测试中得分较高的人在智力测试中也表现得更好。)”可知，偶尔感到焦虑是智力的一种表现。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“The important thing, if you are a worrywart, is not to let your fear destroy your dreams. And don’t bury your head in the sand. (如果你是个杞人忧天的人，最重要的是不要让恐惧推毀你的梦想。不要逃避现实)”可知，作者认为，我们应该避免被焦虑打败。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题：根据第一段中“One way to prevent anxiety from getting out of control is to recognize its benefits. It is a mistake to think that we’d make better decisions if only we keep our feelings under control. Instead, a mix of feelings like anxiety and logical thinking leads to sound decision-making.(防止焦虑失控的一个方法是认识到它的好处。认为只要我们控制佳自己的情绪，我们就能做出更好的决定，这种想法是错误的。相反，焦虑和逻辑思维的混合会导致合理的决策)”以及第二段“Recent studies have shown that people who are anxious about their relationship (for example, they fear to be abandoned) tend to be better at recognizing people who tell lies and are more likely to raise the alarm when danger is present.(最近的研究表明，那些对他们的关系感到焦虑的人，例如，他们害怕被抛弃，往往更善于识别说谎的人，而且在危险出现时更有可能发出警报)”可知，这篇文章的主题是焦虑带来的意想不到的好处。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.____16____So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked. ____17____Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. ____18____ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
____19____ On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency.
You can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crowded.____20____When do these people work The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. G 19. E 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和丈夫在巴黎待了一段时间了解到的法国人的一些生活习惯的经历。
【16题详解】
下文“So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.(所以我们做的第一件事就是租了一个非常昂贵第六层的公寓，只有一个橱柜那么大)”说明作者和丈夫采取行动，租了昂贵的公寓，F项“我们的目标是看看我们是否在某种程度上能像真正的巴黎人那样生活。”说明作者和丈夫租昂贵公寓的原因，引出下文，符合题意。故选F项。
【17题详解】
上文“Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing worked.(与普通的巴黎公寓不同，水管工作正常)”说明作者租的公寓的情况，C项“有一个漂亮的厨房和一张舒适的床”继续说明公寓的配置，承接上文，符合题意。故选C项。
【18题详解】
下文“French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.(法国草莓尝起来不像纸板。相反，它们会像小炸弹一样在你嘴里爆炸)”说明法国的草莓很美味，G项中delicious是关键词，G项“食物是如此美味，你不需要吃太多就能使你快乐”引出下文，符合题意。故选G项。
【19题详解】
下文“My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!(我丈夫和我都认为这是我们吃过的最好的水果。但它们要18美元!)”说明法国的水果好吃但是很贵，E项“这并不是法国人吃得比我们少的唯一原因”承接上文法国人吃的少但是不胖的话题，并引出下文，说明法国人吃的少的另一个原因“物价昂贵”。故选E项。
【20题详解】
上文“In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率). You can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crowded. (在法国生活质量比效率更重要。这一点你能从咖啡馆生活看出来。法国的咖啡厅总是很拥挤)”说明了法国人会去咖啡馆，认为生活质量比效率更重要，以及下文“When do these people work (这些人什么时候工作？)”说明咖啡馆中的顾客有法国人，A项中customer符合咖啡馆的情境设定，A项“并不是所有的顾客都是游客。”承上启下，符合题意。故选A项。
第三部分 语言知识运用 (共四节，满分55分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Miss Patty is a force of nature. Years ago, Miss Patty ___21___ that many students that rode her bus never had hats on cold days. Being a caring woman, she ___22___ to do something about it.
Patty Reitz, ___23___ known to students as Miss Patty, has left friendship and warmth with the students of Clarence Central School District. Over her ___24___, she has crocheted (用钩针编织) a(an) ___25___ 7, 083 hats for the students and the school.
Reitz’s ___26___ of crocheting began in 2005 when she was caring for her mother in the hospital and needed something to keep herself ___27___. “I needed something to do. “she ___28___. Later, she took up the craft on her bus while waiting for the students to ___29___.
“She ___30___ her students. Any student that has been on Miss Patty’s bus gets a hat, and they also ___31___ a friend. Miss Patty is one of their ___32___. ” said third-grade teacher, Deborah Bosworth.
“I’m going to keep doing it until I can’t do it anymore.” she said. Miss Patty’s act of kindness and ___33___ is inspiring. She is a great example to all of us that we can ___34___ a difference in the lives of others, even if it’s something as ___35___ as making hats.
21.
A. judged B. noticed C. doubted D. believed
22.
A. decided B. refused C. happened D. promised
23.
A. naturally B. kindly C. strangely D. secretly
24.
A. story B. experience C. aim D. career
25.
A. amazing B. exciting C. frightening D. puzzling
26.
A. direction B. trouble C. dream D. journey
27.
A. prepared B. delighted C. occupied D. confused
28.
A. ordered B. explained C. showed D. expected
29.
A. return B. escape C. board D. continue
30.
A. cares about B. looks for C. gives up D. turns to
31.
A. win B. attract C. meet D. admire
32.
A. roles B. favorites C. choices D. joys
33.
A humor B. wisdom C. generosity D. courage
34.
A. put B. leave C. give D. make
35.
A. useful B. meaningful C. funny D. easy
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了帕蒂小姐注意到许多乘坐她校车的学生在寒冷的日子里从来不戴帽子，于是她开始为这些学生编织帽子，在工作期间，她一共为学生和学校编织了7083顶帽子。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年前，帕蒂小姐注意到许多乘坐她的校车的学生在寒冷的日子里从来不戴帽子。A. judged判断；B. noticed注意；C. doubted怀疑；D. believed相信。由下文“many students that rode her bus never had hats on cold days.”可知，帕蒂小姐注意到许多乘坐她的校车的学生在寒冷的日子里从来不戴帽子，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个有爱心的女人，她决定做点什么。A. decided决定；B. refused拒绝；C. happened发生；D. promised承诺。根据上文“many students that rode her bus never had hats on cold days”可知，帕蒂小姐注意到许多乘坐她的校车的学生在寒冷的日子里从来不戴帽子，所以她决定做些什么来帮助这些学生，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：帕蒂·瑞茨，学生们亲切地称她为帕蒂小姐，她给克拉伦斯中心学区的学生们留下了友谊和温暖。A. naturally自然地；B. kindly友好地，亲切地；C. strangely奇怪地；D. secretly秘密地。由下文“known to students as Miss Patty,”可知，学生们亲切地称帕蒂·瑞茨为帕蒂小，故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她职业生涯中，她为学生和学校编织了7083顶帽子，这令人惊叹。A. story故事；B. experience经验；C. aim目的；D. career事业，职业。由上文“Over her”和下文“7, 083 hats for the students and the school.”可知，在职业生涯中，她为学生编织了7083顶帽子。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在她的职业生涯中，她为学生和学校编织了7083顶帽子，这令人惊叹。A. amazing令人惊讶的；B. exciting激动人心的；C. frightening令人害怕的；D. puzzling令人困惑的。由下文“7, 083 hats for the students and the school.”可知，她为学生和学校编织了7083顶帽子，这一数字令人惊叹，故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Reitz 的钩针之旅开始于2005年，当时她正在医院照顾她的母亲，需要一些东西来让自己忙碌起来。A. direction方向；B. trouble麻烦；C. dream梦想；D. journey旅行，历程。由下文“of crocheting began in 2005 when she was caring for her mother in the hospital”可知，在2005年她在医院照顾她的母亲时，开始钩针，即她的钩针之旅开始于2005年，故选D。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Reitz 的钩针之旅开始于2005年，当时她正在医院照顾她的母亲，需要一些东西来让自己忙碌起来。A. prepared有准备的；B. delighted高兴的；C. occupied忙碌的；D. confused困惑的。由下文““I needed something to do””可知，在医院照顾她生病的母亲时她需要做点事使自己忙碌起来，故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我需要找点事做。”她解释道。A. ordered命令；B. explained解释；C. showed展示；D. expected期待。由上文“I needed something to do”可知，此处在解释她开始钩针之旅的原因，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，她在等学生上车的时候乘上了公共汽车。A. return返回；B. escape逃脱；C. board登；D. continue继续。由上文“Later, she took up the craft on her bus while waiting for the students to”可知，此处指乘坐公交车，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她关心她的学生。A. caes about关心；B. looks for寻找；C. gives up放弃；D. turns to求助于。由下文“Any student that has been on Miss Patty’s bus gets a hat,”可知，她为每一位公交上的孩子准备了帽子，所以说她关心学生，故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：帕蒂小姐校车上的学生都会得到一顶帽子，还会得到一个朋友。A. win赢得，获得；B. attract吸引；C. meet遇到；D. admire钦佩。由上文“Any student that has been on Miss Patty’s bus gets a hat, and they also”和下文“a friend”可知，学生们不仅得到了一顶帽子，而且还获得了帕蒂小姐这个朋友，故选A。
32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“帕蒂小姐是他们的最喜欢的人之一。”三年级老师黛博拉·博斯沃思说。A. roles角色；B. favorites最喜欢的人/物；C. choices选择；D. joys高兴。上文提到帕蒂小姐校车上的学生都会得到一顶帽子，还会得到一个朋友，这说明学生们很喜欢帕蒂小姐，由此可知，帕蒂小姐是他们的最喜欢的人之一，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：帕蒂小姐的善良和慷慨令人鼓舞。A. humor幽默；B. wisdom智慧；C. generosity大方；D. courage勇气。上文提到帕蒂小姐给学生们编织帽子可知，她很善良且慷慨，故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她给我们所有人树立了一个很好的榜样，告诉我们可以改变别人的生活，即使是做帽子这样简单的事情。A. put放下；B. leave离开；C. give给；D. make制作。make a difference固定搭配，意为“产生影响”，由下文“a difference in the lives of others”可知，帕蒂小姐给学生们制作帽子，她对学生产生影响，受到学生们的喜欢，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她给我们所有人树立了一个很好的榜样，告诉我们可以改变别人的生活，即使是做帽子这样简单的事情。A. useful有用的；B. meaningful有意义的；C. funny有趣的；D. easy简单的。由下文“making hats”可知，制作帽子这种简单的事情也能改变别人的生活，故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scientists at the University of Liverpool (UL) have developed a robot that can run experiments on its own. It’s not new for labs to use robots. But earlier robots usually stayed in one place and ____36____ (do) one job over and over again. The UL robot is different. It’s able to ____37____ (easy) move around in the same kind of space as humans do. It uses a special system called LIDAR to guide ____38____ (it). With one long arm which can turn in almost any direction, the robot can use several different kinds of lab equipment and carry out ____39____ variety of tasks.
The scientists says it took a lot of work ____40____ (program) the robot so that it could do things without ____41____ (make) mistakes. Once the programming is done, though, the robot makes ____42____ (few) mistakes than a human.
To test their robot, the scientists gave it a task: find a material ____43____ was able to produce hydrogen (氢) from water. The robot was programmed to understand the basic methods for the experiment, but it ____44____ (give) 10 different things it could change which could influence the results. That meant that the robot could choose from around 98 million different mini-experiments. Over the next 8 days, the robot ran 688 experiments, always choosing its next experiment based ____45____ the results of the last one.
【答案】36. did
37. easily 38. itself
39. a 40. to program
41. making 42. fewer
43. which/ that
44. was given
45. on/ upon
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。利物浦大学(UL)的科学家已经开发出一种可以自己进行实验的机器人。文章对此进行了介绍。
【36题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：但早期的机器人通常呆在一个地方，反复做一项工作。根据“stayed in one place”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填did。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：它可以很容易地在和人类一样的空间里移动。修饰动词move应用副词。副词easily意为“容易地”。故填easily。
【38题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：它使用一种叫做激光雷达的特殊系统来引导自己。此处宾语和主语相同，所以应用反身代词。故填itself。
【39题详解】
考查不定冠词和固定搭配。句意：机器人的长臂几乎可以向任何方向转动，它可以使用几种不同的实验室设备，并执行各种任务。a variety of意为“各种各样的”，为固定搭配。所以此处应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【40题详解】
考查to do不定式。句意：科学家们表示，为机器人编程花费了大量工作，这样它就可以在做事时不犯错误。“it takes...to do sth”意为“做某事花费……”，为固定句式，此处to do不定式为真正的主语，it为形式主语。故填to program。
【41题详解】
考查动名词。句意：科学家们表示，为机器人编程花费了大量工作，这样它就可以在做事时不犯错误。在介词without后应用动名词作宾语。故填making。
【42题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：然而，一旦编程完成，机器人犯的错误就比人类少。根据“than a human”可知，此处应用形容词比较级。故填fewer。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：为了测试他们的机器人，科学家们给了它一个任务：找到一种能够从水中产生氢的材料。定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为material，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填which/ that。
【44题详解】
考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：机器人被编程从而理解实验的基本方法，但它被给了10种不同的可以改变的东西，这可能会影响结果。根据“The robot was programmed to understand the basic methods for the experiment”可知，此处应用一般过去时。动词give意为“给”，和主语it构成被动关系，且主语为第三人称单数。故填was given。
【45题详解】
考查介词和固定搭配。句意：在接下来的8天里，机器人进行了688次实验，总是根据上一次实验的结果来选择下一次实验。be based on/upon意为“根据”，为固定搭配。所以此处应用介词on或upon。故填on/ upon。
第三节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面句子，在空白处根据汉语或单词提示填入单词的正确形式。
46. The town _________ (found) by English settlers in 1790 has become a big wealthy city. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】founded
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个由英国殖民者于1790年建立的小镇已成为一个富裕的大城市。分析句子结构可知，has become在句中作谓语，空格处应填非谓语作定语修饰The town，且found“成立，建立”与The town之间为逻辑上动宾关系，故用过去分词表被动。故填founded。
47. It ________(shock) her to hear that her good friend was attacked with cancer. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】shocked
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：听到她的好朋友患了癌症，她很震惊。分析句子成分可知，空处在主句中作谓语，应用动词shock表示“使震惊”，宾语从句的时态为一般过去时“was attacked”，所以主句的时态也应为一般过去时，应填shock的过去式shocked。故填shocked。
48. I fancy I will have a chance to explore the _______ (amaze) place one day. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】amazing
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我想有一天我会有机会去探索这个神奇的地方。形容词修饰名词，空后为名词，所以此处用形容词；place“地方”，为指物的名词，所以用ing的形容词，故填amazing。
49. He found a frightening snake ________(measure)6 metres in length. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】measuring
【解析】
【详解】考查现在分词作定语。句意：他发现了一条六米长的可怕的蛇。根据句意和空格前的名词snake以及所给动词measure可知，measure在此处的意义是：（指尺寸、长短、数量等）量度为；根据snake和measure之间是主动关系可知，空格处应该填入measure的现在分词形式作定语修饰前面的名词snake。故填measuring。
50. They’re very focused on finding the best ______(solve) to any problem. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】solution
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他们非常专注于寻找任何问题的最佳解决方案。分析句子可知，空处由形容词best作定语修饰，作finding的宾语，应填可数名词solution的单数形式，表示“解决方案”。故填solution。
51. The food we now produce and consume is destroying the very ecosystems that we depend upon for__________(survive). （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】survival
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我们现在生产和消费的食物正在破坏我们赖以生存的生态系统。根据空前的介词for可知，空处需要名词作宾语。survival“生存”，为名词，符合语境。故填survival。
52. This made Hannah very sad, and even more __________(determine) to do something. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】determined
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这让汉娜非常难过，更坚定了要做点什么。根据句意和连词and可知，提示词与sad是并列关系，作使役动词made后宾语Hannah的补足语，应使用形容词形式determined，意为“下定决心的，坚定的”。故填determined。
53. We must take __________(effect)measures to prevent forests from being cut down. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】effective
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们必须采取有效措施防止森林被砍伐。分析句子，设空处应该填写形容词作定语修饰名词。effect为名词，意为“作用，效果”其形容词为effective。故填effective。
54. The waste water will cause the pollution and the ________(destroy) of our seas and oceans. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】destruction
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：废水将对我们的海洋造成污染和破坏。空处与名词pollution并列，且用于定冠词the之后，应用名词destruction，表示“破坏”，作动词cause的宾语。故填destruction。
55. We often help the students in trouble, letting them feel the warmth of a _________(harmony) campus.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】harmonious
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们经常帮助有困难的学生，让他们感受到和谐校园的温暖。设空处应用形容词harmonious，意为“和睦的”，作定语，修饰名词campus。故填harmonious。
56. The company is also _________ (energy) marketing its new products to foreign markets. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】energetically
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：这个公司也正在向国外市场积极地推销它的新产品。分析句子结构可知，空格处用来修饰谓语动词is marketing，故用副词修饰动词。Energy意为“能力，精力”，其形容词变形为energetic，意为“精力充沛的，积极的”，副词变形为energetically，意为“精力充沛地，竭力地，积极地”。故填energetically。
57. The philosopher will get his paper ________(publish) next month. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】published
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位哲学家的论文将于下个月发表。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词publish和被修饰的名词his paper是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词，做宾补。get sth. done“让某事被做”的意思。故填published。
58. It can be very________ (benefit) to share your feelings with someone you trust. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】beneficial
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：与您信任的人分享您的感受可能非常有益。分析句子结构可知，此空处位于系动词之后作表语，所以填形容词，benefit的形容词为beneficial意为“有益的”。故填beneficial。
59. This food is not fit for human ________ (consume). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】consumption
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这种食物不适合人类食用。根据句意以及作介词for的宾语可知，此处为名词consumption“食用，消费”，满足句意要求。故填consumption。
60. His death was totally unexpected and, in consequence, no plans had been made for his ________ (replace). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】replacement
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他的死是完全出乎意料的，因此，没有安排他的替补人选。根据句意和空前his可知，空处应用所给词的名词单数形式replacement，作宾语。故填replacement。
第四节(共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分10分)
根据句中括号内给出的短语释义，填写短语的适当形式。
61. What is known to us all is that Australia ________ (是……的故乡) kangaroos.(根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】is home to
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：众所周知，澳大利亚是袋鼠的故乡。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词短语be home to“是……的故乡”，满足句意要求，结合句意可知，该句为陈述客观事实，应为一般现在时。故填is home to。
62. We decided ________ (顶风冒雨) and finish our task as planned. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】to brave the elements
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和动词不定式。句意：我们决定不畏风雨，按计划完成任务。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词短语brave the elements“顶风冒雨”，满足句意要求，结合空前decided可知，应为动词短语decide to do“决定做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式形式。故填to brave the elements。
63. Everyone would agree that it is a good idea ________ (一举两得). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】to kill two birds with one stone
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和动词不定式。句意：每个人都会同意这是一个一举两得的好主意。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为固定短语kill two birds with one stone“一举两得”，满足句意要求，结合句子结构可知，此处为it is a good idea to do sth“这是一个做……的好主意”固定句型，所以此处为动词不定式形式。故填to kill two birds with one stone。
64. I’m relieved to learn that you ________ (从……中恢复过来) your illness. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】have recovered from
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：听说你病好了，我就放心了。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词短语recover from“从……中恢复过来”，满足句意要求，结合句意可知，此处应为表示已经完成的动作，应为现在完成时。故填have recovered from 。
65. Since 1993, sea levels have risen ________ (以……的速度) 3.2 cm every 10 years. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】at a speed of
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：自1993年以来，海平面以每10年3.2厘米的速度上升。根据句意和汉语提示可知，表示“以……的速度”的固定搭配为at a speed of。故填at a speed of。
66. They say the noise caused by square dancing is ________ (……的主要原因) they are against it. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】the main reason why
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们说广场舞造成的噪音是他们反对广场舞的主要原因。根据句意和分析句子结构可知，表示“主要原因”的名词短语the main reason。先行词为the main reason，定语从句they are against it中缺少原因状语，应用关系副词why引导定语从句，在从句中作原因状语。故填the main reason why。
67. He says his experience there gave him ________ (对……有更好的了解) cultural differences. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】a greater awareness of
【解析】
【详解】考查名词短语。句意：他说，在那里的经历让他对文化差异有了更深刻的认识。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词短语a greater awareness of“对……有更深刻的认识”作宾语，满足句意要求。故填a greater awareness of。
68. Being concerned and ________ (对……表示尊敬) people is crucial in personnel management. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】showing respect to
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句意：关心和尊重人在人事管理中是至关重要的。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词短语show respect to“对……表示尊敬”，满足句意要求，结合and连接的Being concerned可知，此处也应为动名词形式，构成并列动名词短语作句子的主语成分。故填showing respect to。
69. Forgive him for what he has done and give him a chance to correct his mistake. ________ (毕竟), he is only a child. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】After all
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：原谅他所做的一切，给他一个改正错误的机会。毕竟，他只是个孩子。根据句意和汉语提示可知，表示“毕竟”的固定搭配为after all，位于句首，单词首字母需大写。故填After all。
70. The only thing I can do is ________ (传承;把……流传) the love, with his actions to help those who need help in life. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】to pass down
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我唯一能做的就是把这份爱传递下去，用自己的行动去帮助生活中需要帮助的人。根据所给中文提示词，应是固定短语搭配：pass down意为“传下去”，根据句意，此处表达应尽的责任或义务，用不定式作表语。故填to pass down。
71. The administration will remove them from the 5A ________ (旅游景点) list, reported Guangming Daily. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】scenic spot
【解析】
【详解】考查名词短语。句意：据《光明日报》报道，政府将把它们从5A级景区名单中删除。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词短语scenic spot“旅游景点”，满足句意要求。故填scenic spot。
72. ________(与……相比) modern communication, writing letters has more advantages. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】Compared with
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和动词短语。句意：与现代交流相比，写信有更多优点。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词短语compare with“与……相比”，满足句意要求，结合句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，compare with和逻辑主语writing letters为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填Compared with。
73. People often wonder why historians ________ (大费周折保护) millions of books, documents and records. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】go to so much trouble to protect
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语与动词不定式。句意：人们常常想知道为什么历史学家要费那么大的劲来保护数以百万计的书籍、文件和记录。根据句意和汉语提示可知，表示“大费周折”的动词短语为go to so much trouble，动词不定式to protect表目的。故填go to so much trouble。
74. Taichi carries traditional Chinese philosophy, such as ________ (与……和谐共处) nature and using softness to beat hardness. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】being in harmony with
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和动名词。句意：太极拳承载着中国传统哲学，如与自然和谐相处，以柔克刚。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为固定短语be in harmony with“与……和谐相处”，满足句意要求，结合空前as介词可知，此处为动名词形式。故填being in harmony with。
75. Although email has been around since the earliest days of the Internet, it continues ________ (很有价值) and relevance in the marketplace. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】to hold much value
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语和不定式。句意：虽然电子邮件在互联网的早期就已经存在了，但它在市场上仍然具有很大的价值和相关性。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词短语hold much value“很有价值”，满足句意要求，结合空前continues可知，应为动词短语continue to do“继续做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式形式。故填to hold much value。
76. You have been afraid of the beach because the images showed up in your mind with sharks ________ (以……为食) human flesh. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】feeding on
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：你一直害怕海滩，因为你脑海中出现了鲨鱼吃人肉的画面。根据所给中文提示词，应是固定短语搭配：feed on意为“以……为食”，分析句子结构可知，此处是with的复合结构，和逻辑主语sharks之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填feeding on。
77. Everything from the food they eat to how ________ (与……互动) people can be different and they have to adapt quickly to survive. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】to interact with
【解析】
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：从他们吃的食物到如何与人互动，一切都是不同的，他们必须迅速适应才能生存。根据句意和汉语提示可知，表示“与……互动”的动词短语为interact with，由how可知，此处应用动词不定式与疑问词连用，作宾语。故填to interact with。
78. One can always ________ (设法做成某事) more things, no matter how full his schedule is in life. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】manage to do
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：一个人总能设法做更多的事情，不管他的日程安排有多满。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词短语manage to do“设法做成某事”，满足句意要求，结合空前can情态动词可知，为动词原形。故填manage to do。
79. We stop eating candies and chocolates when all of our teeth have ________ (掉落). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】fallen off
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：当我们所有的牙齿都掉落时，我们就不再吃糖果和巧克力了。根据句意和汉语提示可知，表示“掉落”的动词短语为fall off，由have可知，此处表示过去动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，空处应用过去分词fallen off。故填fallen off。
80. We need to keep on setting our sights higher, ________ (旨在做更多), for more and more people. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】aiming to do more
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：我们需要继续把眼光放得更高，旨在为更多的人做更多的事。根据句意和汉语提示可知，表示“旨在做更多”的固定搭配为aim to do more，aim与其逻辑主语We之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填aiming to do more。
第四部分 应用文写作 (满分 15分)
81. 假设你是李华，收到刚上高中的美国笔友John的求助信，他不能适应新环境，学习跟不上，不知道如何结交新朋友，因而情绪低落。
内容包括：1.问候和安慰；2.提出建议；3.你的期盼。
词数：80词左右
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear John,
I am really sorry to hear that you feel bad after entering high school. I’d like to talk about it with you.
In fact, in your high school, your classmates are also new there and facing the same problem so you don’t have to worry too much about it. There is also something that you can do to change this situation. First, try to invite some of your classmates to take part in some activities together after school. This will help you understand each other better. Then, help your classmates when they are in trouble and turn to them for help when you have difficulty.
I believe you will make many new friends and have a happy school life there.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于收到刚上高中的美国笔友John的求助信，他不能适应新环境，学习跟不上，不知道如何结交新朋友，因而情绪低落这一情况，写一封信表示问候和安慰，同时还要针对John的问题提出相应的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
担忧：worry→ concern about
参加：take part in→ participate in
开心的：happy→ pleased/delighted
事实上：in fact→ as a matter of fact
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：First, try to invite some of your classmates to take part in some activities together after school. This will help you understand each other better.
拓展句：First, try to invite some of your classmates to take part in some activities together after school, which will help you understand each other better.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Then , help your classmates when they are in trouble and turn to them for help when you have difficulty.（运用了连词when引导的时间状语从句。）
【高分句型2】There is also something that you can do to change this situation.（运用了关系代词that引导的定语从句。）青岛十七中2023-2024学年度第一学期2023级12月考试
英语试题
满分为150分，考试用时120分钟。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 略
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、 D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Canada is a vast and diverse country that offers plenty of incredible tourist destinations. From wonderful natural landscapes to lively cities, Canada has something for every traveler. Here’s a guide to some of Canada’s top tourist destinations.
Banff National Park, Alberta
Located in the Canadian Rockies, Banff National Park is a breathtaking destination known for its turquoise (绿松石) lakes, snow-covered mountains, and plentiful wildlife. Explore the landmark-Lake Louise, hike to amazing viewpoints, and spend time in the natural hot springs.
Niagara Falls, Ontario
Niagara Falls is one of the world’s most famous natural attractions. Witness the steep (陡峭的) power and beauty of the grand falls from various viewpoints. Take a boat tour, visit the Butterfly Conservatory, or enjoy the lively atmosphere of Clifton Hill.
Toronto, Ontario
As Canada’s largest city, Toronto offers an impressive experience. Discover the famous CN Tower, explore the busy neighborhoods of Kensington Market and Distillery District, and visit world-class museums such as the Royal Ontario Museum and Art Gallery of Ontario.
Whistler, British Columbia
Whistler is a well-known winter sports destination, famous for its world-class ski slopes and winter activities. In summer, enjoy hiking, mountain biking, and golfing in the impressive mountain scenery.
1. What can visitors do in Banff National Park
A. Go boating. B. Go skiing.
C. Appreciate waterfalls. D. Enjoy hot springs.
2. Which destination offers all experience of lively cultural life
A. Banff National Park, Alberta. B. Niagara Falls, Ontario.
C. Toronto, Ontario. D. Whistler, British Columbia.
3. In which part of a newspaper can we see the text
A. Tourism. B. Culture. C. Fashion. D. Sport.
B
My name is Alice. Early last year I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled (削弱) my ability to do anything. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me. For almost a year I struggled on, constantly staring at this wall that faced me. My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me.
One day, I attended a presentation (报告) by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. His presentation not only awed (使惊叹) and inspired me, but also helped create an inner desire to make a difference in the world. I joined a pre-presentation dinner with him and that smaller setting allowed me to slowly build up my courage to speak one-on-one with him—an idea that had seemed impossible. This contact was where my story began.
A month later, Brown invited me to attend the World Youth Wildlife Conference. Looking back, I now see that this would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my old self would have let pass, but that this new and more confident Alice enthusiastically seized. Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence.
I am writing this just six months since my journey began and I’ve realized that my biggest obstacle (障碍) this whole time was myself. It was that voice in the back of my head telling me that one phrase that has stopped so many people from reaching their potential: I can’t. They say good things come to those who wait; I say: grab every opportunity with everything you have and be impatient. After all, nature does not require our patience, but our action.
4 What was the main cause for Alice’s anxiety
A. Her desire to be perfect. B. Her habit of consumption.
C. Her inability to act her age. D. Her lack of inspiration.
5. How did Grant Brown’s presentation influence Alice
A. She learned about the harm of desire.
B. She tasted the sweetness of friendship.
C. She decided to do something for nature.
D. She built up her courage to speak up.
6. Which of the following is the best description of Alice’s situation after the activities
A intelligent B. independent C. innovative D. confident
7. What can we learn from this passage
A. Practice makes perfect. B. Patience is a cure of anxiety.
C. Action is worry’s worst enemy. D. Everything comes to those who wait.
C
By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.
At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny microorganisms (微生物) in the ocean called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colorful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean color varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean’s appearance.
Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate (调控) the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.
Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT’s Center for Global Change Science, built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3C, it found that multiple changes to the color of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions more suitable for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener. “Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing.” she said, “but the type of phytoplankton is changing.”
And why does that matter Phytoplankton are the base of the food web. If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean, Dutkiewicz said, “it will change the type of fish that will be able to live on.” Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain.
Whatever color changes the ocean experiences in the coming future will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable, but they could mean significant changes. “It’ll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change,” Dutkiewicz said, “but the change in the color of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet.”
8. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about
A. The cause of the changes in ocean color.
B. The various patterns at the ocean surface.
C. The way light reflects off marine organisms.
D. The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.
9. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. beneficial B. sensitive C. significant D. unnoticeable
10. What can we learn from the passage
A. Dutkiewicz’s model aims to project phytoplankton changes.
B. Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate.
C. Phytoplankton play a declining role in the ecosystem.
D. Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.
11. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To explain the effects of climate change on oceans.
B. To assess the consequences of ocean color changes.
C. To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton.
D To analyze the organization of the ocean food chain.
D
One way to prevent anxiety from getting out of control is to recognize its benefits. It is a mistake to think that we’d make better decisions if only we keep our feelings under control. Instead, a mix of feelings like anxiety and logical thinking leads to sound decision-making. It’s true that there is plenty of research showing that higher levels of anxiety can make us more likely to avoid risks in our decision-making. There is also evidence that anxiety can increase the attention you pay to relevant information.
Recent studies have shown that people who are anxious about their relationship (for example, they fear to be abandoned) tend to be better at recognizing people who tell lies and are more likely to raise the alarm when danger is present.
In the real world though, it’s worth realizing that feeling anxious once in a while is extremely common. It communicates to others that you care, and what’s more, it’s probably a sign that you are intelligent. At least two published studies have identified that people who score higher on measures of anxiety also tend to perform better on intelligence tests. This seems reasonable: if you’re a thinker, you are sure to be always thinking about the future and imagine possible plots, including bad ones.
The important thing, if you are a worrywart，is not to let your fear destroy your dreams. And don’t bury your head in the sand Instead, act on your fears—do the research as well as preparation, so rather than walking blindly into that which you fear, you meet the challenge in full readiness．
When anxiety beats you, or casts a shadow over your life, this is a serious problem. No one is denying that. But like everyday anxiety of this kind that you feel before a presentation or an interview, you needn’t see it as your enemy. Anxiety is an important feeling, developed through evolution. As for people who are fairly anxious by nature, there is reason for cheer, too. Your nerves are a sign of your watchfulness.
Listen to them and act on them.Then you can turn your nervousness you’re your advantage．
12. What can we infer from the first paragraph about anxiety
A. It can be the only reason for all bad decisions．
B. It can make us more willing to take risks．
C. It can enable us to be more focused.
D. It can stop us from thinking logically．
13. What can we learn from the passage
A. Feeling anxious is more likely to put people at risk．
B. Anxious people are less sensitive to danger．
C. Feeling anxious occasionally is a sign of intelligence．
D. Anxious people have difficulty discovering liars．
14. How should we deal with anxiety in the author’s opinion
A. Treat it as a minor feeling． B. Avoid being defeated by it
C. Regard it as our enemy. D. Take action to control it．
15. What is the theme of the passage
A. Tips on how to keep a good mood． B. Effective ways to prevent anxiety．
C. Common misunderstandings about anxiety． D. Unexpected benefits of anxiety
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.____16____So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked. ____17____Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. ____18____ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
____19____ On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency.
You can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crowded.____20____When do these people work The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
第三部分 语言知识运用 (共四节，满分55分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Miss Patty is a force of nature. Years ago, Miss Patty ___21___ that many students that rode her bus never had hats on cold days. Being a caring woman, she ___22___ to do something about it.
Patty Reitz, ___23___ known to students as Miss Patty, has left friendship and warmth with the students of Clarence Central School District. Over her ___24___, she has crocheted (用钩针编织) a(an) ___25___ 7, 083 hats for the students and the school.
Reitz’s ___26___ of crocheting began in 2005 when she was caring for her mother in the hospital and needed something to keep herself ___27___. “I needed something to do. “she ___28___. Later, she took up the craft on her bus while waiting for the students to ___29___.
“She ___30___ her students. Any student that has been on Miss Patty’s bus gets a hat, and they also ___31___ a friend. Miss Patty is one of their ___32___. ” said third-grade teacher, Deborah Bosworth.
“I’m going to keep doing it until I can’t do it anymore.” she said. Miss Patty’s act of kindness and ___33___ is inspiring. She is a great example to all of us that we can ___34___ a difference in the lives of others, even if it’s something as ___35___ as making hats.
21.
A. judged B. noticed C. doubted D. believed
22.
A. decided B. refused C. happened D. promised
23.
A. naturally B. kindly C. strangely D. secretly
24.
A. story B. experience C. aim D. career
25.
A. amazing B. exciting C. frightening D. puzzling
26.
A. direction B. trouble C. dream D. journey
27.
A. prepared B. delighted C. occupied D. confused
28.
A. ordered B. explained C. showed D. expected
29.
A. return B. escape C. board D. continue
30.
A. cares about B. looks for C. gives up D. turns to
31.
A. win B. attract C. meet D. admire
32.
A. roles B. favorites C. choices D. joys
33.
A. humor B. wisdom C. generosity D. courage
34
A. put B. leave C. give D. make
35.
A. useful B. meaningful C. funny D. easy
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scientists at the University of Liverpool (UL) have developed a robot that can run experiments on its own. It’s not new for labs to use robots. But earlier robots usually stayed in one place and ____36____ (do) one job over and over again. The UL robot is different. It’s able to ____37____ (easy) move around in the same kind of space as humans do. It uses a special system called LIDAR to guide ____38____ (it). With one long arm which can turn in almost any direction, the robot can use several different kinds of lab equipment and carry out ____39____ variety of tasks.
The scientists says it took a lot of work ____40____ (program) the robot so that it could do things without ____41____ (make) mistakes. Once the programming is done, though, the robot makes ____42____ (few) mistakes than a human.
To test their robot, the scientists gave it a task: find a material ____43____ was able to produce hydrogen (氢) from water. The robot was programmed to understand the basic methods for the experiment, but it ____44____ (give) 10 different things it could change which could influence the results. That meant that the robot could choose from around 98 million different mini-experiments. Over the next 8 days, the robot ran 688 experiments, always choosing its next experiment based ____45____ the results of the last one.
第三节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面句子，在空白处根据汉语或单词提示填入单词的正确形式。
46. The town _________ (found) by English settlers in 1790 has become a big wealthy city. (所给词的适当形式填空)
47. It ________(shock) her to hear that her good friend was attacked with cancer. (所给词的适当形式填空)
48. I fancy I will have a chance to explore the _______ (amaze) place one day. (所给词的适当形式填空)
49. He found a frightening snake ________(measure)6 metres in length. (所给词的适当形式填空)
50. They’re very focused on finding the best ______(solve) to any problem. (所给词的适当形式填空)
51. The food we now produce and consume is destroying the very ecosystems that we depend upon for__________(survive). （所给词的适当形式填空）
52. This made Hannah very sad, and even more __________(determine) to do something. (所给词的适当形式填空)
53. We must take __________(effect)measures to prevent forests from being cut down. (所给词的适当形式填空)
54. The waste water will cause the pollution and the ________(destroy) of our seas and oceans. (所给词的适当形式填空)
55. We often help the students in trouble, letting them feel the warmth of a _________(harmony) campus.(所给词的适当形式填空)
56. The company is also _________ (energy) marketing its new products to foreign markets. (所给词的适当形式填空)
57. The philosopher will get his paper ________(publish) next month. (所给词的适当形式填空)
58. It can be very________ (benefit) to share your feelings with someone you trust. (所给词的适当形式填空)
59. This food is not fit for human ________ (consume). (所给词的适当形式填空)
60. His death was totally unexpected and, in consequence, no plans had been made for his ________ (replace). (所给词的适当形式填空)
第四节(共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分10分)
根据句中括号内给出的短语释义，填写短语的适当形式。
61. What is known to us all is that Australia ________ (是……的故乡) kangaroos.(根据汉语提示完成句子)
62. We decided ________ (顶风冒雨) and finish our task as planned. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
63. Everyone would agree that it is a good idea ________ (一举两得). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
64. I’m relieved to learn that you ________ (从……中恢复过来) your illness. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
65. Since 1993, sea levels have risen ________ (以……的速度) 3.2 cm every 10 years. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
66. They say the noise caused by square dancing is ________ (……的主要原因) they are against it. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
67. He says his experience there gave him ________ (对……有更好的了解) cultural differences. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
68. Being concerned and ________ (对……表示尊敬) people is crucial in personnel management. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
69. Forgive him for what he has done and give him a chance to correct his mistake. ________ (毕竟), he is only a child. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
70. The only thing I can do is ________ (传承;把……流传) the love, with his actions to help those who need help in life. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
71. The administration will remove them from the 5A ________ (旅游景点) list, reported Guangming Daily. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
72. ________(与……相比) modern communication, writing letters has more advantages. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
73. People often wonder why historians ________ (大费周折保护) millions of books, documents and records. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
74. Taichi carries traditional Chinese philosophy, such as ________ (与……和谐共处) nature and using softness to beat hardness. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
75. Although email has been around since the earliest days of the Internet, it continues ________ (很有价值) and relevance in the marketplace. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
76. You have been afraid of the beach because the images showed up in your mind with sharks ________ (以……为食) human flesh. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
77. Everything from the food they eat to how ________ (与……互动) people can be different and they have to adapt quickly to survive. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
78. One can always ________ (设法做成某事) more things, no matter how full his schedule is in life. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
79. We stop eating candies and chocolates when all of our teeth have ________ (掉落). (根据汉语提示完成句子)
80. We need to keep on setting our sights higher, ________ (旨在做更多), for more and more people. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
第四部分 应用文写作 (满分 15分)
81. 假设你是李华，收到刚上高中的美国笔友John的求助信，他不能适应新环境，学习跟不上，不知道如何结交新朋友，因而情绪低落。
内容包括：1.问候和安慰；2.提出建议；3.你的期盼。
词数：80词左右
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