东山县2023-2024学年高二年(上)期中考试
英语试题
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两卷。共150分。考试时间120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷 (选择题 共85分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does Cindy know much about animals
A. She works on a farm. B. She really likes animals. C. She once lived on the farm.
2. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A The modern lifestyle. B. A painting. C. A trip to the countryside.
3. What does Mary probably do
A. She is a journalist. B. She is a firefighter. C. She is an animal trainer.
4. Who is Mike
A. The woman’s husband. B. The woman’s father. C. The woman’s son.
5. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Teacher and student. B. Assistant and shopper. C. Customer and repairman.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. Who does the woman want to buy a sofa for
A. Her sister. B. Her friend. C. Herself.
7. Where are the speakers
A. In a grocery store. B. In a bedding shop. C. In a supermarket.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What does the woman have to do
A. Write two essays. B. Prepare a research paper. C. Study for an English test.
9. How does the woman feel about her classes
A. Excited. B. Stressed. C. Bored.
10. What is The Grapes of Wrath
A. A short story. B. A movie. C. A sad book.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. What has made working at home possible
A. Living far from workplaces.
B. Communication industry.
C. More job opportunities.
12. What is the advantage of working at home according to the woman
A. Saving more time.
B. Having a lot of freedom.
C. Taking care of the family easily.
13. What might happen in the future in the woman’s opinion
A. British company will move overseas
B. All companies will employ homeworkers.
C. People will work at home for a foreign company.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. What is Penny’s current problem
A. She has a toothache. B. She has a sore throat. C. She has an earache.
15 How often will Penny take the medicine
A. Once a day. B. Twice a day. C. Three times a day.
16. When does the conversation take place
A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Thursday.
17. What does the man ask Penny to do in the end
A. Make an appointment. B. Go to the medicine shop.
C. Take the medicine properly.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. How many factors of car accidents are mentioned
A.2. B.3. C.4.
19. What measure has been taken to reduce car accidents
A. Improved highway design
B. Stricter traffic management.
C. Strengthened training for drivers.
20. What remains an important cause of rood accidents
A. Poor traffic control. B. Some driverless cars. C. Drivers’ carelessness.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共11小题;每小题2.5分，满分27.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Being a teenager can be difficult, since you’re dealing with hormones, higher expectations, and the process of finding your place in the world. But that doesn’t mean you can’t enjoy the teen years. If you want to have enjoyable teenage years, there are some things you can do—big and small—that can make a huge difference!
Setting Realistic Expectations
Avoid media-based expectations, good or bad. Being a teenager is not necessarily any easier or more difficult than any other life stage. Although adolescence is a time of great change, this does not necessarily mean it will be the most difficult time of your life. If you are worried that this new life stage will be full of ever-present drama, the truth is that this is just another stage of your life which you will get through as much as you did in childhood long ago.
Developing Yourself
Develop your sense of self focusing more on your own thoughts and goals, instead of what other people think. For lots of people, the teenage years are full of worries—stop paying so much attention to them! Many worries are based on what other people think, rather than what you think. Go ahead and do what you want to do, without considering the opinion of others.
Developing Relationships
Work to improve your social skills. Some teens have trouble with social interaction, with the reasons behind it varying. Since social interaction is necessary in order to succeed, it’s important to learn how to deal with shyness and social anxiety. Consider working with a friend or a family member of close age to develop your social skills. It may not replace new social exchanges, but it’s a good practice.
Remember, not everyone enjoys their teens; that’s just a fact of life. However, if you don’t enjoy your teens, concentrate on being kind to others and getting through it.
1. The reason why it can be hard for us to get through adolescence is that ______.
A. we are afraid of hormones B. others expect too much from us
C. it is the hardest stage in our life D. we will lose our way in the world
2. Why is social interaction necessary
A. It helps improve our social skills. B. It helps increase our chance of success.
C. It helps us get away from worries. D. It helps deal with shyness and social anxiety.
3. What’s the opinion of the writer
A. All of us are able to experience an enjoyable adolescence.
B. What we think of ourselves can cause much trouble.
C. If we can’t enjoy our adolescence, we should try to get through it.
D. We should pay much attention to our own thoughts as well as others’ opinion.
B
In 2015 I left London to volunteer in Nigeria for 7 months. My role was to set up youth clubs in primary and secondary schools. The sake of the youth clubs was to teach children life skills such as teamwork, science and math. Setting up youth clubs in Nigeria was a fantastic experience. I got to help other people and learn about Nigerian culture first-hand. In particular I learnt about Nigerian food, clothing and languages.
I discovered there is a wide variety of foods in Nigeria. Nigerian food has a lot of flavor, spice and color for you to consume. Rice, beans, meat, yam and cassava are main food items. The most common meats are goat, chicken, beef and pork. My favorite Nigerian food is beans and plantain porridge.
As well as wearing Western clothing, such as jeans and T-shirts, Nigerians also wear traditional clothing. Traditional clothing is bold with bright colors, eye-catching patterns and unique shapes. Nigerians wear traditional clothing on Fridays and Sundays and for special occasions such as weddings. Nigerians either make the clothes themselves or get them made at a tailor’s.
The official language in Nigeria was introduced to Nigeria when Nigeria became part of the British Empire in 1901, so while traveling in big cities, you can hear my mother tongue spoken. Outside of these cities people speak lots of other languages. In fact, there are over 521 languages that have been spoken in Nigeria. These languages came from different ethnic groups. There are on average two languages in every ethnic group in Nigeria. The most popular languages are Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba. There is also Nigerian Pidgin, meaning a simplified language that developed between two or more ethnic groups that did not have a language in common.
4. Why were the youth clubs created in Nigeria
A. To educate students something like science and maths.
B. To assist students in primary and secondary schools.
C. To give students a wonderful experience.
D. To introduce Nigerian clothing and languages to others.
5. What’s the author’s attitude towards Nigerian food
A. Confused. B. Indifferent. C. Worried. D. Positive.
6. How many ethnic groups at least are there in Nigeria
A. Over 250. B. Over 300. C. Over 400. D. Over 500.
7. What do we know about Nigerian Pidgin mentioned in the text
A. It is a mixture of languages Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba.
B. It is considered as the widely used language in Nigeria.
C. It is a language invented to be used for over two groups.
D. It is the second official language accepted by Nigerians.
C
Earthquakes cannot be forecast, but engineers can prepare for them. Seismic-isolation systems use concrete (水泥), rubber and metal to reduce quake damage. But such adaptations are expensive. Engineer Jian Zhang of the University of California, Los Angeles, says the system can increase building costs by 20 percent. Although these systems might save more than they cost over time, builders in some areas may not have the money for them.
A new seismic-isolation method uses the physics of rolling to create a simpler, lower-cost choice with easily found things: used tennis balls. The team of Michalis Vassiliou, an engineer, based its method on an early form of seismic isolation that rolls a shaking building to a stop the way a skater comes to rest. By separating a building from the ground with a layer of balls, rolling isolation changes horizontal shaking into a soft rocking movement and uses friction to reduce the shaking.
The researchers built a cheap model consisting of four filled tennis balls between two concrete boards, and they found that it withstood simulated (仿造的) earthquake shaking while supporting eight kilonewtons (千牛顿) of force per ball — about twice what isolation systems might experience under one-story houses. The balls had to contain exactly — the right amount of the concrete mixture to reduce the shaking without cracking during tests.
Zhang, who didn’t take part in the study, says that the work is valuable. But she notes that the results are basic. Vassiliou agrees that next steps will mean creating and testing a larger model with hundreds of tennis balls. Vassiliou says that he has received money to test the system on the ground to improve the invention. “For this to actually be applied,” he adds, “you need to develop it with engineers from developing countries so that it actually deals with their needs.”
8. What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. Earthquakes can’t be forecast.
B. Seismic-isolation systems can reduce building costs by 20 percent.
C. Engineers can prepare for earthquakes.
D. Present seismic-isolation systems are expensive.
9. Which is not the advantage of the new seismic-isolation system
A. It is simple. B. It is cheap.
C. It only needs used tennis. D. It is better to reduce damage.
10. What does the underlined word “it” refer to
A. The new system model. B. The simulated earthquake.
C. A filled tennis ball. D. A one-story house.
11. What does Jian Zhang think of the new system
A. It is little valuable. B. It is too simple to use.
C. It needs to be improved. D. It only be needed in developing country.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
For some people, the warmest memories from childhood come from being read a great story. ____12____ It develops children's language skills and increases their ability to succeed in school and, later work.
A new report by the American Academy of Pediatrics says reading aloud is so important that parents should start as soon as their children are born and continue to read aloud even after their children can read by themselves. They say parents should also point to and talk about pictures in books for infants(婴幼儿). ____13____
The company Scholastic is a major U.S. publisher of children's books. Every two years, Scholastic publishes a report on American reading attitudes and habits. The 2015report says only 31percent of children in the U.S. read a book for fun almost every day.
____14____ One is simply to have books in the home. Elizabeth Lyttleton, the mother of three, is lucky. Her mother once wrote and illustrated children's books, so the family always have plenty to read. She says all her children learn from books-but in different ways. ____15____ Researchers from the Scholastic company found that 80% of children surveyed-of all ages-say they love being read to. And children ages 6 to 11 whose parents do not read to them anymore say they miss it.
____16____ Of all the six to 17-year-olds in the Scholastic study, more than 90% said their favorite books are the ones they chose for themselves.
There are other methods that might help you with your studying.
A. The Scholastic report also suggests permitting children to choose their own books.
B. Scholastic also identifies some ways to develop a love of reading in a child.
C. A book does not have to be serious to be good for kids.
D. For young children, parents should ask questions about the book.
E. Do children still read for fun？
F. Another way to develop a reading habit in children is to read to them.
G. But reading to children does more than create warm memories.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
When I was little, I spent much time at my grandfather's house, watching him paint all day long. What I remember most was how he ___17___ painting old ships.
As I grew up, we hardly ___18___ . I noticed he didn't really ___19___ much anymore. About a year ago, he had a heart attack. In and out of the ___20___ for a while, he recovered but was still ___21___ ,moving around his house in a wheelchair.
Then, I started ___22___ his house and we began to talk more. We discussed life and our interests. Every time I ___23___ , he wanted to talk a lot. I figured he was lonely and enjoyed the ___24___ . Wondering why he didn't start painting again, I made it a point to casually (不经意地) ___25___ it when I came over, telling him often that he should paint again.
It ____26____ ! He started sending me to buy paint and poster boards. He asked me about colors and ____27____ me his paintings. I loved the way he painted the ____28____ ships. He looked happier. Painting seemed to have brought back some ____29____ part of him.
Cleaning for my grandpa has brought us closer. Despite his seventy-five years of age, I ____30____ to discourage him from painting. Days like these are ____31____ , and I enjoy the little moments.
17. A. missed B. loved C. avoided D. started
18. A. fought B. explored C. traveled D. spoke
19. A. paint B. laugh C. exercise D. care
20. A. office B. hospital C. ship D. city
21. A. positive B. busy C. calm D. weak
22. A. searching B. repairing C. cleaning D. sharing
23 A. set off B. turned up C. looked around D. called back
24. A. rest B. freedom C. challenge D. company
25. A. drop B. answer C. mention D. request
26. A. worked B. continued C. happened D. appeared
27. A. lent B. showed C. promised D. delivered
28. A. foreign B. broken C. empty D. ancient
29. A. fun B. smart C. youthful D. secret
30. A. refuse B. decide C. attempt D. fail
31. A. specific B. ordinary C. valuable D. long
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共65分)
第二节 单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
32. It is __________ (predict) that the heavy snow will last for another one week.(所给词的适当形式填空)
33. After a long __________ (absent) from work, I went back to the company. (所给词的适当形式填空)
34. He has a good command __________ English, which will help him to find the job easily.(用适当的词填空)
35. Upon __________ (hear) the news, his mother burst into laughter. (所给词的适当形式填空)
36. The singing contest, __________ we had expected, was successful. (用适当的词填空)
37. If __________ (admit) to the club, you’ll be informed. (所给词的适当形式填空)
38. We will __________ (water) the flowers at 8 tomorrow. (所给词适当形式填空)
39. They treated the __________ (adopt) son as if he were their own child. (所给词的适当形式填空)
40. It is no use __________ (try) to escape. (所给词的适当形式填空)
41. It is an effective way to appeal __________ the news media. (用适当的词填空)
第四部分 写作(共三节，满分50分)
第一节 英汉互译(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
42. The question is whether technology is our servant or our master.(英译汉)
43. This is absolutely the most disappointing situation I’ve ever encountered.(英译汉)
44. 由于老师的表扬，过去的一年见证了我在英语方面取得的巨大进步。(witness)(汉译英)
45. 早睡早起对我们的健康有好处。 (动词ing形式做主语) (汉译英)
46. 我们设法说服她接受了我们的邀请。(persuade) (汉译英)
第二节 应用文写作(满分15分)
47. 假设你是李华，你和即将来中国的英国朋友Tom约好下周末去北京旅游，但你因故不能赴约.请根据以下要点用英语给他写一封电子邮件：
1.表示歉意；2.解释原因；3.另约时间.
注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯.
Dear Tom,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第三节 读后续写(满分20分)
48. 阅读下面材料，根据内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一片完整的短文。
Three years ago, Mark moved out of his mother’s house after landing a well -paying job in another city. He thought living 1500 miles away from his elderly mother, Cassandra, would work out because he planned to visit her monthly.
Mark stuck to his visiting plan during the first year. However, with the amount of work increasing, he couldn’t find time to visit his mother monthly. He started to only speak to her on the phone, telling her about his life. Soon, Mark became busy and made a few phone calls to Cassandra. He didn’t even remember the last time they spoke on the phone.
One day, while working in his office, Mark heard his phone ring.
“Mom’s 70th birthday!” the reminder on his phone read.
“Oh, dear. How can I forget my mom’s birthday again ” Mark shook his head as he turned the reminder alarm off. “I can’t keep disappointing her like this. Let me see how fast I can get to her place.”
After checking his work schedule (日程计划), Mark realized that he could make it to his mother’s house by the evening if he left the office in an hour. He quickly finished the work and left the office without wasting another minute.
On his way, he stopped at a store and bought his mother’s favorite cake. He also bought her flowers and a few gifts. Although he wanted to call her, Mark thought it would be better to surprise her because he was sure that she wasn’t expecting him to visit her. After all, this was the first time that he had done something like this in a long time.
Mark finally arrived at the mother’s house. However, when he knocked at the door, no one answered. Puzzled, he opened the door with his key and entered. Nobody was there. He searched the house worriedly, only to find an envelope covered with dust on the table. Recognizing his mother’s handwriting (笔迹), Mark opened the envelope at once. It turned out that Cassandra had left her house and joined a local retirement community because she felt lonely.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
In the letter, she also expressed her love for Mark and the hope of seeing him.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After asking about his mother at the front desk, he was glad to know she was still there.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案：1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. C 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. A 20. B东山县2023-2024学年高二年(上)期中考试
英语试题
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两卷。共150分。考试时间120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷 (选择题 共85分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does Cindy know much about animals
A. She works on a farm. B. She really likes animals. C. She once lived on the farm.
2. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. The modern lifestyle. B. A painting. C. A trip to the countryside.
3. What does Mary probably do
A. She is a journalist. B. She is a firefighter. C. She is an animal trainer.
4. Who is Mike
A. The woman’s husband. B. The woman’s father. C. The woman’s son.
5. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Teacher and student. B. Assistant and shopper. C. Customer and repairman.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. Who does the woman want to buy a sofa for
A. Her sister. B. Her friend. C. Herself.
7. Where are the speakers
A. In a grocery store. B. In a bedding shop. C. In a supermarket.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What does the woman have to do
A. Write two essays. B. Prepare a research paper. C. Study for an English test.
9. How does the woman feel about her classes
A. Excited. B. Stressed. C. Bored.
10. What is The Grapes of Wrath
A. A short story. B. A movie. C. A sad book.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. What has made working at home possible
A. Living far from workplaces.
B. Communication industry.
C. More job opportunities.
12. What is the advantage of working at home according to the woman
A. Saving more time.
B. Having a lot of freedom.
C. Taking care of the family easily.
13. What might happen in the future in the woman’s opinion
A. British company will move overseas
B. All companies will employ homeworkers.
C. People will work at home for a foreign company.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. What is Penny’s current problem
A. She has a toothache. B. She has a sore throat. C. She has an earache.
15. How often will Penny take the medicine
A. Once a day. B. Twice a day. C. Three times a day.
16. When does the conversation take place
A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Thursday.
17. What does the man ask Penny to do in the end
A. Make an appointment. B. Go to the medicine shop.
C. Take the medicine properly.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. How many factors of car accidents are mentioned
A.2. B.3. C.4.
19. What measure has been taken to reduce car accidents
A. Improved highway design
B. Stricter traffic management.
C. Strengthened training for drivers.
20. What remains an important cause of rood accidents
A. Poor traffic control. B. Some driverless cars. C. Drivers’ carelessness.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共11小题;每小题2.5分，满分27.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Being a teenager can be difficult, since you’re dealing with hormones, higher expectations, and the process of finding your place in the world. But that doesn’t mean you can’t enjoy the teen years. If you want to have enjoyable teenage years, there are some things you can do—big and small—that can make a huge difference!
Setting Realistic Expectations
Avoid media-based expectations, good or bad. Being a teenager is not necessarily any easier or more difficult than any other life stage. Although adolescence is a time of great change, this does not necessarily mean it will be the most difficult time of your life. If you are worried that this new life stage will be full of ever-present drama, the truth is that this is just another stage of your life which you will get through as much as you did in childhood long ago.
Developing Yourself
Develop your sense of self, focusing more on your own thoughts and goals, instead of what other people think. For lots of people, the teenage years are full of worries—stop paying so much attention to them! Many worries are based on what other people think, rather than what you think. Go ahead and do what you want to do, without considering the opinion of others.
Developing Relationships
Work to improve your social skills. Some teens have trouble with social interaction, with the reasons behind it varying. Since social interaction is necessary in order to succeed, it’s important to learn how to deal with shyness and social anxiety. Consider working with a friend or a family member of close age to develop your social skills. It may not replace new social exchanges, but it’s a good practice.
Remember, not everyone enjoys their teens; that’s just a fact of life. However, if you don’t enjoy your teens, concentrate on being kind to others and getting through it.
1. The reason why it can be hard for us to get through adolescence is that ______.
A. we are afraid of hormones B. others expect too much from us
C. it is the hardest stage in our life D. we will lose our way in the world
2. Why is social interaction necessary
A. It helps improve our social skills. B. It helps increase our chance of success.
C. It helps us get away from worries. D. It helps deal with shyness and social anxiety.
3. What’s the opinion of the writer
A. All of us are able to experience an enjoyable adolescence.
B. What we think of ourselves can cause much trouble.
C. If we can’t enjoy our adolescence, we should try to get through it.
D. We should pay much attention to our own thoughts as well as others’ opinion.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种方法让读者拥有一个愉快的青少年时期。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Being a teenager can be difficult, since you’re dealing with hormones, higher expectations, and the process of finding your place in the world. (作为一个青少年可能会很困难，因为你要应对荷尔蒙，更高的期望，以及在世界上找到自己位置的过程。)”可知，多种因素会使得孩子们很难度过青春期，其中一个原因就是别人对我们期望过高。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Since social interaction is necessary in order to succeed, it’s important to learn how to deal with shyness and social anxiety.(既然社交互动是成功的必要条件，那么学习如何处理害羞和社交焦虑就很重要。)”可知，社会互动有助于增加我们成功的机会，因此它是必要的。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Remember, not everyone enjoys their teens; that’s just a fact of life. However, if you don’t enjoy your teens, concentrate on being kind to others and getting through it.(记住，不是每个人都喜欢自己的青少年时期;这就是生活的现实。然而，如果你不喜欢你的青少年时期，集中精力善待他人并度过难关。)”可知，并不是每一个人都能够喜欢自己的青少年时期，如果我们不能享受我们的青春期，我们应该试着度过它。故选C项。
B
In 2015 I left London to volunteer in Nigeria for 7 months. My role was to set up youth clubs in primary and secondary schools. The sake of the youth clubs was to teach children life skills such as teamwork, science and math. Setting up youth clubs in Nigeria was a fantastic experience. I got to help other people and learn about Nigerian culture first-hand. In particular I learnt about Nigerian food, clothing and languages.
I discovered there is a wide variety of foods in Nigeria. Nigerian food has a lot of flavor, spice and color for you to consume. Rice, beans, meat, yam and cassava are main food items. The most common meats are goat, chicken, beef and pork. My favorite Nigerian food is beans and plantain porridge.
As well as wearing Western clothing, such as jeans and T-shirts, Nigerians also wear traditional clothing. Traditional clothing is bold with bright colors, eye-catching patterns and unique shapes. Nigerians wear traditional clothing on Fridays and Sundays and for special occasions such as weddings. Nigerians either make the clothes themselves or get them made at a tailor’s.
The official language in Nigeria was introduced to Nigeria when Nigeria became part of the British Empire in 1901, so while traveling in big cities, you can hear my mother tongue spoken. Outside of these cities people speak lots of other languages. In fact, there are over 521 languages that have been spoken in Nigeria. These languages came from different ethnic groups. There are on average two languages in every ethnic group in Nigeria. The most popular languages are Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba. There is also Nigerian Pidgin, meaning a simplified language that developed between two or more ethnic groups that did not have a language in common.
4. Why were the youth clubs created in Nigeria
A. To educate students something like science and maths.
B. To assist students in primary and secondary schools.
C. To give students a wonderful experience.
D. To introduce Nigerian clothing and languages to others.
5. What’s the author’s attitude towards Nigerian food
A. Confused. B. Indifferent. C. Worried. D. Positive.
6. How many ethnic groups at least are there in Nigeria
A. Over 250. B. Over 300. C. Over 400. D. Over 500.
7. What do we know about Nigerian Pidgin mentioned in the text
A. It is a mixture of languages Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba.
B. It is considered as the widely used language in Nigeria.
C. It is a language invented to be used for over two groups.
D. It is the second official language accepted by Nigerians.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了尼日利亚的食物、衣服和语言。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The sake of the youth clubs was to teach children life skills such as teamwork, science and math.(青年俱乐部目的是教孩子们生活技能，如团队合作、科学和数学。)”可知，在尼日利亚建立青年俱乐部是为了教学生一些科学和数学之类的东西。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“I discovered there is a wide variety of foods in Nigeria. Nigerian food has a lot of flavor, spice and color for you to consume. Rice, beans, meat, yam and cassava are main food items. The most common meats are goat, chicken, beef and pork. My favorite Nigerian food is beans and plantain porridge.(我发现尼日利亚的食物种类繁多。尼日利亚的食物有很多味道，香料和颜色供你食用。大米、豆类、肉类、山药和木薯是主要的食物。最常见的肉类是羊肉、鸡肉、牛肉和猪肉。我最喜欢的尼日利亚食物是豆子和大蕉粥。)”作者对尼日利亚食物的介绍可知，作者对于尼日利亚的食物的态度是积极的。故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“In fact, there are over 521 languages that have been spoken in Nigeria. These languages came from different ethnic groups. There are on average two languages in every ethnic group in Nigeria.(事实上，尼日利亚有超过521种语言。这些语言来自不同的民族。尼日利亚每个民族平均使用两种语言。)”可知，尼日利亚的民族数是521 2=260.5。故选A项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“There is also Nigerian Pidgin, meaning a simplified language that developed between two or more ethnic groups that did not have a language in common.(还有尼日利亚皮钦语，意思是在两个或多个没有共同语言的民族之间发展起来的一种简化语言。)”可知，Nigerian Pidgin是一种被发明出来供两个以上群体使用的语言。故选C项。
C
Earthquakes cannot be forecast, but engineers can prepare for them. Seismic-isolation systems use concrete (水泥), rubber and metal to reduce quake damage. But such adaptations are expensive. Engineer Jian Zhang of the University of California, Los Angeles, says the system can increase building costs by 20 percent. Although these systems might save more than they cost over time, builders in some areas may not have the money for them.
A new seismic-isolation method uses the physics of rolling to create a simpler, lower-cost choice with easily found things: used tennis balls. The team of Michalis Vassiliou, an engineer, based its method on an early form of seismic isolation that rolls a shaking building to a stop the way a skater comes to rest. By separating a building from the ground with a layer of balls, rolling isolation changes horizontal shaking into a soft rocking movement and uses friction to reduce the shaking.
The researchers built a cheap model consisting of four filled tennis balls between two concrete boards, and they found that it withstood simulated (仿造的) earthquake shaking while supporting eight kilonewtons (千牛顿) of force per ball — about twice what isolation systems might experience under one-story houses. The balls had to contain exactly — the right amount of the concrete mixture to reduce the shaking without cracking during tests.
Zhang, who didn’t take part in the study, says that the work is valuable. But she notes that the results are basic. Vassiliou agrees that next steps will mean creating and testing a larger model with hundreds of tennis balls. Vassiliou says that he has received money to test the system on the ground to improve the invention. “For this to actually be applied,” he adds, “you need to develop it with engineers from developing countries so that it actually deals with their needs.”
8. What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. Earthquakes can’t be forecast.
B. Seismic-isolation systems can reduce building costs by 20 percent.
C. Engineers can prepare for earthquakes.
D. Present seismic-isolation systems are expensive.
9. Which is not the advantage of the new seismic-isolation system
A. It is simple. B. It is cheap.
C. It only needs used tennis. D. It is better to reduce damage.
10. What does the underlined word “it” refer to
A. The new system model. B. The simulated earthquake.
C. A filled tennis ball. D. A one-story house.
11 What does Jian Zhang think of the new system
A. It is little valuable. B. It is too simple to use.
C. It needs to be improved. D. It only be needed in developing country.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的隔震方法，利用滚动的物理特性，用现成的材料（回收的网球）创造一种成本较低的替代方案。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Earthquakes cannot be forecast, but engineers can prepare for them. Seismic-isolation systems use concrete (水泥), rubber and metal to reduce quake damage. But such adaptations are expensive. Engineer Jian Zhang of the University of California, Los Angeles, says the system can increase building costs by 20 percent. Although these systems might save more than they cost over time, builders in some areas may not have the money for them.(地震无法预测，但工程师可以提前做好准备。隔震系统使用混凝土、橡胶和金属来减少地震破坏。但这样的适应是昂贵的。加州大学洛杉矶分校的工程师张健说，这个系统可以使建筑成本增加20%。尽管随着时间的推移，这些系统节省的钱可能会超过它们的成本，但某些地区的建筑商可能没有钱购买它们)”可知，第一段的主要内容是目前的隔震系统非常昂贵。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“A new seismic-isolation method uses the physics of rolling to create a simpler, lower-cost choice with easily found things: used tennis balls.(一种新隔震方法利用滚动的物理原理，用容易找到的东西（二手网球）创造了一种更简单、成本更低的选择)”可知，新的隔震系统的优点是只需要用二手网球。故选C项。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“The researchers built a cheap model consisting of four filled tennis balls between two concrete boards(研究人员在两块混凝土板之间建立了一个廉价的模型，由四个填充的网球组成)”以及后文“withstood simulated (仿造的) earthquake shaking(经受模拟地震震动)”可知，研究人员建立了一个便宜的模型，由两个混凝土板之间的四个填充网球组成，他们发现新的系统模式可以承受模拟的地震震动，故it指的是“新的系统模式”。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Zhang, who didn’t take part in the study, says that the work is valuable. But she notes that the results are basic. Vassiliou agrees that next steps will mean creating and testing a larger model with hundreds of tennis balls. (张没有参加这项研究，她说这项工作很有价值。但她指出，结果是基本的。Vassiliou同意，下一步将意味着创建和测试一个有数百个网球的更大模型)”可知，Zhang认为研究结果很基本，再结合Vassiliou的观点可推知，Zhang认为这个新系统需要改进。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
For some people, the warmest memories from childhood come from being read a great story. ____12____ It develops children's language skills and increases their ability to succeed in school and, later work.
A new report by the American Academy of Pediatrics says reading aloud is so important that parents should start as soon as their children are born and continue to read aloud even after their children can read by themselves. They say parents should also point to and talk about pictures in books for infants(婴幼儿). ____13____
The company Scholastic is a major U.S. publisher of children's books. Every two years, Scholastic publishes a report on American reading attitudes and habits. The 2015report says only 31percent of children in the U.S. read a book for fun almost every day.
____14____ One is simply to have books in the home. Elizabeth Lyttleton, the mother of three, is lucky. Her mother once wrote and illustrated children's books, so the family always have plenty to read. She says all her children learn from books-but in different ways. ____15____ Researchers from the Scholastic company found that 80% of children surveyed-of all ages-say they love being read to. And children ages 6 to 11 whose parents do not read to them anymore say they miss it.
____16____ Of all the six to 17-year-olds in the Scholastic study, more than 90% said their favorite books are the ones they chose for themselves.
There are other methods that might help you with your studying.
A. The Scholastic report also suggests permitting children to choose their own books.
B. Scholastic also identifies some ways to develop a love of reading in a child.
C. A book does not have to be serious to be good for kids.
D. For young children, parents should ask questions about the book.
E. Do children still read for fun？
F. Another way to develop a reading habit in children is to read to them.
G. But reading to children does more than create warm memories.
【答案】12. G 13. D 14. B 15. F 16. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。由美国儿科学会的一份新的报告称，朗读是很重要的，家长应该尽快培养孩子的阅读兴趣并提供了几个方法。
【12题详解】
本句为过渡句．根据上句“For some people, the warmest memories from childhood come from being read a great story.”（对某些人来说，最温暖的回忆莫过于在童年时期听过的好故事）；可知，下面要对比回忆，提出更有意义的事情。以及下句“It develops children's language skills and increases their ability to succeed in school and, later work.”（阅读可以提高儿童的语言能力并提升他们日后在学校或工作时的能力来获得成功）；因而本处But 是关键提示词，“但是阅读比温暖的回忆意味着更多”适合题意．故选G。
【13题详解】
本段讲的是要尽早开始培养阅读兴趣．本句承接上文“They say parents should also point to and talk about pictures in books for infants，”（他们说父母也应该指出和谈论婴儿书中的图片）谈家长的做法，对于婴幼儿和对于大一点的孩子不同，）所以D：对于稍大的孩子，家长应该问孩子关于书的问题，符合语境．故选D。
【14题详解】
根据下文“One is simply to have books in the home”（一种方法是在家里多放书，）可知本段讲述了一些家长引导孩子多读书培养阅读兴趣的方法．“学者还发现了一些培养孩子阅读兴趣的方法”，符合语境。故选B。
【15题详解】
根据上文“One is simply to have books in the home”（一种方法是在家里多放书，）可知，本段讲述了家长引导孩子多读书的方法．选项"Another way…"与本段中的"One is…"形成并列。F项：培养孩子阅读习惯的另一种方法是读书给他们听。符合语境。故选F。
【16题详解】
本句统领全段．根据下文“more than 90%said their favorite books are the ones they chose for themselves”（超过90%的人说他们最喜欢的书是他们为自己选择的），可知，孩子们喜欢自己选择书籍，因此A：学术报告还建议允许孩子们选择自己的书，符合语境。故选A。
【点睛】
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
When I was little, I spent much time at my grandfather's house, watching him paint all day long. What I remember most was how he ___17___ painting old ships.
As I grew up, we hardly ___18___ . I noticed he didn't really ___19___ much anymore. About a year ago, he had a heart attack. In and out of the ___20___ for a while, he recovered but was still ___21___ ,moving around his house in a wheelchair.
Then, I started ___22___ his house and we began to talk more. We discussed life and our interests. Every time I ___23___ , he wanted to talk a lot. I figured he was lonely and enjoyed the ___24___ . Wondering why he didn't start painting again, I made it a point to casually (不经意地) ___25___ it when I came over, telling him often that he should paint again.
It ____26____ ! He started sending me to buy paint and poster boards. He asked me about colors and ____27____ me his paintings. I loved the way he painted the ____28____ ships. He looked happier. Painting seemed to have brought back some ____29____ part of him.
Cleaning for my grandpa has brought us closer. Despite his seventy-five years of age, I ____30____ to discourage him from painting. Days like these are ____31____ , and I enjoy the little moments.
17. A. missed B. loved C. avoided D. started
18 A. fought B. explored C. traveled D. spoke
19. A. paint B. laugh C. exercise D. care
20. A. office B. hospital C. ship D. city
21. A. positive B. busy C. calm D. weak
22. A. searching B. repairing C. cleaning D. sharing
23. A. set off B. turned up C. looked around D. called back
24. A. rest B. freedom C. challenge D. company
25. A. drop B. answer C. mention D. request
26. A. worked B. continued C. happened D. appeared
27. A. lent B. showed C. promised D. delivered
28. A. foreign B. broken C. empty D. ancient
29. A. fun B. smart C. youthful D. secret
30. A. refuse B. decide C. attempt D. fail
31. A. specific B. ordinary C. valuable D. long
【答案】17. B 18. D 19. A 20. B 21. D 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小的时候，爷爷整天画画。爷爷生病之后，作者经常帮爷爷打扫房子，并让爷爷重新拾起画笔画画，两人的关系更加的亲近。
【17题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得最清楚的是他非常喜欢画旧船。A. missed想念；B. loved爱；C. avoided避免；D. started开始。根据“I loved the way he painted the ___12___ ships.”可知，爷爷喜欢画旧船。故选B。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着我的成长，我们几乎不说话。A. fought战斗；B. explored探索；C. traveled旅行；D. spoke发言。根据“Then, I started ___6___ his house and we began to talk more.”可知，随着我的成长，我们几乎不说话。故选D。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我注意到他不再画很多画了。 A. paint绘画；B. laugh大笑；C. exercise锻炼；D. care关心。根据“What I remember most was how he ___1___ painting old ships.”可知，作者注意到爷爷不再画很多画了。故选A。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在医院进进出出了一段时间，他康复了，但仍然很虚弱，坐着轮椅在家里走来走去。A. office办公室；B. hospital医院；C. ship船；D. city城市。根据“About a year ago, he had a heart attack.”可知，爷爷心脏病住院。故选B。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在医院进进出出了一段时间，他康复了，但仍然很虚弱，坐着轮椅在家里走来走去。A. positive积极的；B. busy繁忙的；C. calm镇静的；D. weak虚弱的。根据“he recovered”和转折词but可知，爷爷虽然康复了，但身体很虚弱。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我开始打扫他的房子，我们开始更多地交谈。A. searching寻找；B. repairing修理；C. cleaning清洁；D. sharing分享。根据“Cleaning for my grandpa has brought us closer.”可知，作者帮助爷爷打扫房子。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：每次我一出现，他就想说很多话。A. set off出发；B. turned up出现；C. looked around环视；D. called back回电话。根据“he wanted to talk a lot.”可知，作者一出现，爷爷就想和作者交谈。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想他很孤独，喜欢有人陪伴。A. rest休息；B. freedom自由；C. challenge挑战；D. company陪伴。根据“I figured he was lonely”可知，爷爷孤单，喜欢有人陪伴。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：想知道他为什么不重新开始画画，我特意在去他家的时候随口提起这件事，经常告诉他应该重新开始画画。A. drop落下；B. answer回答；C. mention提及；D. request请求。根据“Wondering why he didn't start painting again,”可知，作者向爷爷提及他画画这件事。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了!A. worked起作用；B. continued继续；C. happened发生；D. appeared出现。根据“He started sending me to buy paint and poster boards.”可知，作者的话起作用了。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他问我关于颜色的问题，并给我看了他的画。A. lent借出；B. showed展示；C. promised许诺；D. delivered递送。根据“He asked me about colors”可知，爷爷向作者展示他画的画。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢他画古代船只的方式。A. foreign外国的；B. broken破碎的；C. empty空的；D. ancient古代的。根据“What I remember most was how he ___1___ painting old ships.”可知，爷爷喜欢画古代的船。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：绘画似乎使他恢复了几分青春活力。A. fun有趣的；B. smart聪明的；C. youthful年轻的；D. secret秘密的。根据“He looked happier.”可知，爷爷更加快乐，绘画让爷爷恢复了年轻的活力。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管他七十五岁了，我还是拒绝阻止他画画。A. refuse拒绝；B. decide决定；C. attempt尝试；D. fail失败。根据“Despite his seventy-five years of age,”可知，爷爷虽然年事已高，但作者拒绝阻止爷爷画画。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这样的日子很有价值，我喜欢这样的小时光。A. specific明确的；B. ordinary普通的；C. valuable有价值的；D. long长的。根据“and I enjoy the little moments.”可知，作者认为这样的日子很有价值。故选C。
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共65分)
第二节 单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面句子，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
32. It is __________ (predict) that the heavy snow will last for another one week.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】predicted
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：据预测，这场大雪还要持续一个星期。分析句子结构可知，此句是it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句，“it”和“predict”之间是被动关系，故用被动语态is predicted，空前已有be动词，故填predicted。
33. After a long __________ (absent) from work, I went back to the company. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】absence
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在一段长时间缺席工作后，我回到了公司。根据空前“After a long”可知，空处需填名词单数形式，作介词after宾语，absence“缺席”符合句意。故填absence。
34. He has a good command __________ English, which will help him to find the job easily.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】of
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他英语掌握得很好，这将有助于他轻松找到这份工作。根据空前的has a good command可知，此处使用介词of，have a good command of“掌握得很好”。故填of。
35. Upon __________ (hear) the news, his mother burst into laughter. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】hearing
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：听到这个消息，他的母亲突然大笑起来。动词hear意为“听到”。介词upon后面跟名词或动名词，意为“一……就……”，故本题用动名词hearing。故填hearing。
36. The singing contest, __________ we had expected, was successful. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】as
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如我们所预料的那样，歌唱比赛成功了。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处表示“正如我们所预料的那样”，是非限制性定语从句，应用as引导，as引导非限制性定语从句，表示“正如……那样”。故填as。
37. If __________ (admit) to the club, you’ll be informed. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】admitted
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你被允许加入俱乐部，你会被通知的。分析句子结构可知，此处是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式，完整的状语从句应是if you are admitted to the club, 主语“you”和“admit”之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，因为从句主语和主句一致，故可以将从句主语和be动词一起省略，留下过去分词作状语。故填admitted。
38. We will __________ (water) the flowers at 8 tomorrow. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】be watering
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：明天8点我们将正在给花浇水。根据“will”及“at 8 tomorrow”可知，句子应用将来进行时will be doing的形式，表示将来的某个时间点正在发生的动作。故填be watering。
39. They treated the __________ (adopt) son as if he were their own child. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】adopted
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们把那个收养的儿子当作自己的孩子对待。根据“son”可知，空处需填形容词作定语，adopted作形容词，表示“领养的，收养的”，符合句意。故填adopted。
40. It is no use __________ (try) to escape. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】trying
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：逃避是没有用的。it is no use doing sth表示“做某事没有用”，用it作形式主语，动名词作真正主语。故填trying。
41. It is an effective way to appeal __________ the news media. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】to
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这是一个有效的方法来吸引新闻媒体。根据句意及appeal可知，此处使用介词to，appeal to“有吸引力；呼吁”为固定短语。故填to。
第四部分 写作(共三节，满分50分)
第一节 英汉互译(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
42. The question is whether technology is our servant or our master.(英译汉)
【答案】问题是：技术是我们的仆人还是我们的主人。
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构和表语从句。分析句子结构可知，本句是“主语+系动词+表语”结构。主语是The question“问题”，系动词为is，其后为表语从句，从句引导词为whether“是否”，whether technology is our servant or our master意为“技术是我们的仆人还是我们的主人”。故本句可译为：问题是：技术是我们的仆人还是我们的主人。
43. This is absolutely the most disappointing situation I’ve ever encountered.(英译汉)
【答案】这绝对是我遇到过的最令人失望的情况。
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构和定语从句。This“这”在句中作主语；is为句中谓语动词，后接表语；absolutely“绝对”为副词作状语；the most disappointing situation翻译为“最令人失望的情况”，后接定语从句，修饰名词 situation，省略关系代词which或that；I’ve ever encountered翻译为“我遇到过的”。故翻译为：这绝对是我遇到过的最令人失望的情况。
44. 由于老师的表扬，过去的一年见证了我在英语方面取得的巨大进步。(witness)(汉译英)
【答案】Because of my teacher’s praise, the last year witnessed my great progress in my English.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词，动词和短语。“由于”用短语Because of表示，“老师的表扬”表示为my teacher’s praise作介词of的宾语，“过去的一年”用名词短语the last year作主语，“见证”用动词witness作谓语，描述过去的事情用一般过去时，“巨大进步”用名词短语my great progress作宾语，“在英语方面”用介词短语in my English作状语。故译为Because of my teacher’s praise, the last year witnessed my great progress in my English。
45. 早睡早起对我们的健康有好处。 (动词ing形式做主语) (汉译英)
【答案】Going to bed early and getting up early is good for our health.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、非谓语。表示“早睡早起”用go to bed early and get up early，作主语，故用动名词形式。表示“对我们的健康有好处”用be good for our health。结合语境可知本句陈述事实，故时态用一般现在时，且主语为Going to bed early and getting up early，故be动词用is。故翻译为Going to bed early and getting up early is good for our health.
46. 我们设法说服她接受了我们的邀请。(persuade) (汉译英)
【答案】We managed to persuade her to accept our invitation.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和名词。“我们”用人称代词we作主语，“设法做某事”用动词短语manage to do sth表示，描述过去的事情用一般过去时，“说服某人做某事”表示为persuade sb to do sth，“接受了我们的邀请”表示为accept our invitation，作宾补，应用不定式。故译为We managed to persuade her to accept our invitation。
第二节 应用文写作(满分15分)
47. 假设你是李华，你和即将来中国的英国朋友Tom约好下周末去北京旅游，但你因故不能赴约.请根据以下要点用英语给他写一封电子邮件：
1.表示歉意；2.解释原因；3.另约时间.
注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯.
Dear Tom,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tom,
I’m writing to tell you that I can no longer join you for the trip to Beijing next weekend.
I know you are probably upset but I have a good explanation. I came down with the flu and my doctor insisted that I should stay indoors for a week or so. This is to avoid spreading the virus to others, including you. Of course, I was quite disappointed because it ruins our plans.
Please accept my deepest apologies and let me know if you’d like to reschedule the trip following my recovery. Thanks for your understanding of my situation.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写信对朋友表达自己不能赴约的歉意。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般过去时。
要求：
1.表示歉意；
2.解释原因；
3.另约时间.
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
no longer; explanation; come down with; deepest apologies; reschedule
第三步：连词成句
1. I’m writing to tell you that I can no longer join you for the trip to Beijing next weekend.
2. I know you are probably upset but I have a good explanation.
3. I came down with the flu and my doctor insisted that I should stay indoors for a week or so.
4. Please accept my deepest apologies and let me know if you’d like to reschedule the trip following my recovery.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
【点睛】[高分句型1]
I came down with the flu and my doctor insisted that I should stay indoors for a week or so. 我得了流感，我的医生坚持让我在室内呆一个星期左右。运用了宾语从句和虚拟语气，insist表示“坚持做”的时候，后面从句需要用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形。
[高分句型2]
The reason why we do it is to avoid spreading the virus to others, including you. 我们这样做的原因是为了避免传播病毒给别人，包括你。运用了定语从句。
第三节 读后续写(满分20分)
48. 阅读下面材料，根据内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一片完整的短文。
Three years ago, Mark moved out of his mother’s house after landing a well -paying job in another city. He thought living 1500 miles away from his elderly mother, Cassandra, would work out because he planned to visit her monthly.
Mark stuck to his visiting plan during the first year. However, with the amount of work increasing, he couldn’t find time to visit his mother monthly. He started to only speak to her on the phone, telling her about his life. Soon, Mark became busy and made a few phone calls to Cassandra. He didn’t even remember the last time they spoke on the phone.
One day, while working in his office, Mark heard his phone ring.
“Mom’s 70th birthday!” the reminder on his phone read.
“Oh, dear. How can I forget my mom’s birthday again ” Mark shook his head as he turned the reminder alarm off. “I can’t keep disappointing her like this. Let me see how fast I can get to her place.”
After checking his work schedule (日程计划), Mark realized that he could make it to his mother’s house by the evening if he left the office in an hour. He quickly finished the work and left the office without wasting another minute.
On his way, he stopped at a store and bought his mother’s favorite cake. He also bought her flowers and a few gifts. Although he wanted to call her, Mark thought it would be better to surprise her because he was sure that she wasn’t expecting him to visit her. After all, this was the first time that he had done something like this in a long time.
Mark finally arrived at the mother’s house. However, when he knocked at the door, no one answered. Puzzled, he opened the door with his key and entered. Nobody was there. He searched the house worriedly, only to find an envelope covered with dust on the table. Recognizing his mother’s handwriting (笔迹), Mark opened the envelope at once. It turned out that Cassandra had left her house and joined a local retirement community because she felt lonely.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
In the letter, she also expressed her love for Mark and the hope of seeing him.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After asking about his mother at the front desk, he was glad to know she was still there.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
In the letter, she also expressed her love for Mark and the hope of seeing him. But since Mark never gave her enough time, she didn’t want to trouble him anymore. Mark felt sorry for not giving enough care and attention to his mother. Tears welled up in his eyes. He immediately rushed out of the house and headed towards the retirement community mentioned in the letter. Upon arrival, he got out of his car, holding the flowers in one hand and the birthday cake in the other.
After asking about his mother at the front desk, he was glad to know she was still there. Seeing his mother, Mark ran to hand her the flowers and hug her tightly, saying how regretful he was for not visiting her earlier. Cassandra was both surprised and happy to see her son suddenly. She patted her son’s back and said she always understood him. Mark celebrated his mother’s birthday with her friends at the retirement community. That day, he realized the importance of having family around and promised to visit his mother regularly, no matter how busy he was.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。讲述了马克在找到工作后离开母亲，去了外地独自居住，并计划每月去看望母亲，但随着时间的推移，探望变成了打电话问候，最后问候也越来越少。在母亲70岁生日的那天，马克终于决定放下工作，去看望母亲，到之后，从母亲留下的信件得知由于害怕孤独，也为了不妨碍马克工作，她已经搬到了退休社区，此时马克懊悔万分，最后找到了母亲，也意识到了家人的重要性。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“在信中，她还表达了她对马克的爱和见到他的希望。”可知，第一段可描写马克看到信后的反应及对母亲的愧疚之情。
②由第二段首句内容“在前台询问了他母亲的情况后，他很高兴知道她还在那里。”可知，第二段可描写母亲见到马克后的开心与激动。
2.续写线索：远离母亲——计划每月探望——电话问候——回家庆祝母亲大寿——母亲留信离开——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①麻烦某人：trouble sb/bother sb
②下来：get out of/get off
③看见：see/spot
情绪类
①后悔的：regretful/ remorseful/ repentant
②开心：happy/delighted/joyful
【点睛】[高分句型1] But since Mark never gave her enough time, she didn’t want to trouble him anymore.（运用了since引导原因状语从句）
[高分句型2] Seeing his mother, Mark ran to hand her the flowers and hug her tightly, saying how regretful he was for not visiting her earlier.（运用了现在分词作状语及how+形容词引导的宾语从句）
听力答案：1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. C 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. A 20. B
