2023北京二十中高二（上）期中英语（教师版含解析）
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2023北京二十中高二（上）期中
英 语
(时间：90分钟 满分：100分 为选择性必修1模块结业考试)
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I was about to sleep when someone knocked on my window. Knock, knock. Then a three-second pause. Knock, knock. Immediately I knew it was my best friend, Ben. The knock ____1____ was our emergency call which never means anything good.
“What’s going on ” I rushed to open the window and asked.
Ben climbed in. “Bad news.” He gave me a ____2____ look, and I immediately knew what it was. My heart ____3____ . I gave him a nod, and he sighed in response.
“Where to ” I asked.
“Virginia.”
“That’s far from Florida.”
We looked at each other knowing we were thinking the same. Both Ben and I had parents in the airforce. We were used to frequent moves.
Ben and I became close friends since I crashed into Ben’s stand and sent plastic cups of lemonade flying into the heavens. At first, I ____4____ Florida. Everything changed, though, when I ____5____ rollers-kated into Ben’s lemonade stand.
“It must have been fate!” we claimed. But I think that, maybe, there was some ____6____ in that lemonade, and that as it rained down on us, it cast a spell making us friends forever.
“Maybe your family will get moved to Virginia too.” Ben said.
“Yeah, maybe.” I knew the chance was low, but I chose to hope.
Ben grinned at me. Though it looked sad, I saw ____7____ in him too.
“I’ll have a lemonade stand ____8____ for you.”
“Then I’ll pack my roller-skates.”
“Then I’ll wear a poncho (雨披).”
We ____9____ . The humid Florida night closed around us, and I felt a tiny drop of liquid splash on my arm. I knew it was probably rain, but still, I thought that, maybe, it was a drop of magic lemonade, because nothing on earth can break the _____10_____ between us.
1. A. sound B. pattern C. number D. symbol
2. A. playful B. grateful C. cheerful D. meaningful
3. A. failed B. softened C. sank D. relieved
4. A. hated B. missed C. explored D. appreciated
5. A. gradually B. narrowly C. constantly D. accidentally
6. A. sign B. magic C. flavour D. wish
7. A. hope B. joy C. courage D. support
8. A. necessary B. convenient C. ready D. useful
9. A. struggled B. argued C. laughed D. compromised
10. A. rule B. bond C. barrier D. balance
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Emma was on her way home when she heard a sudden scream. Looking around, she saw a little boy on the sidewalk gasping (急喘) for air, his frighted mother begging ____11____ help. Emma rushed to the boy, whose face had turned purple. “What’s wrong ” “A candy! In his throat!” It was lucky that Emma ____12____ (learned) how to perform the Heimlich maneuver (海姆立克急救法) at school. She acted ____13____ (quick). Soon, the boy coughed up a piece of candy and began breathing again. He was saved in time.
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The 19th Asian Games, held from Sept. 23 to Oct 8 in Hangzhou and five other cities in Zhejiang, ____14____ (come) to an end recently. It is undoubtedly the most ____15____ (amaze) sporting event of the year, with 15 world records broken. The competitive atmosphere and sportsmanship displayed by athletes are impressive. Besides, ____16____ makes it more spectacular is that “Green Games” has become a calling card for it. Green energy sources were used at all 56 competition venues. For example, digital technologies were used for managing carbon emissions from venues in the six cities ____17____ the Games were held.
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
COP26, ____18____ (know) as “the 26th UN Climate Change Conference of the Parties”, was the latest in a series of meetings bringing together governments to protect the environment. Its main goal was to take measures against climate change—long-term changes in world weather patterns ____19____ are linked to human activities including farming, industry and transport. Gases such as carbon dioxide, which ____20____ (produce) by these activities, trap heat in Earth’s atmosphere and cause temperatures to rise, leading to extreme floods, heatwaves and storms.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
COMPETITION
Draw a sea creature for our ocean poster
Are you a gifted artist Do you think you can draw a prize-winning dolphin or shark In celebration of World Ocean Day on 8 June, The Week Junior is running a competition to create an awesome poster featuring some of the world’s coolest sea creatures, and your artwork could be part of it!
How to enter
Draw a picture of your favorite sea creature and send your picture by email to competitions@ with OCEAN POSTER as the subject line by 10 April 2022. Make sure you’ve included your name, age, chosen sea creature, the address and phone number of your parent or guardian.
Once the competition has closed, our judges will pick 10 of the best animal drawings. They will be looking for the most creative and colorful drawings, so don’t be afraid to go big!
What you could win
The winning pictures will be shown on a The Week Junior ocean poster.
Each winner will also receive a paint brush set worth over 80, which will be delivered to you.
Terms and conditions
The Week Junior will not share your personal details with third parties. The Week Junior will only use personal details to contact the competition winners.
No responsibility can be accepted for entries that have been lost or damaged in transit( 运送 ), any technical failure or any event that may cause the competition to stop. Entries must be received before 11:59 pm on 10 April 2022.
All winners will be informed accordingly 4–6 weeks after the competition closes. By entering the competition all participants give permission for their artwork to be published online. Entries cannot be returned to senders.
21. The drawing competition is held to ________.
A. celebrate World Ocean Day B. help the talented artists
C.advertise The Week Junior D. protect dolphins and sharks
22. Winners of the competition will ________.
A. meet the judges B. get prize money
C. accept delivery of prizes D. receive an ocean poster
23.What will The Week Junior be responsible for
A. The privacy of the participants. B. The damage or loss of pictures.
C. The return of the artwork to the senders. D. The computer problems in sending emails.
B
Local barber (理发师) goes above and beyond for a little boy
“That day started all wrong,” LaQuista Erinna said. “And we forgot his headphones. We were running late, traffic was horrible, so I knew it was going to be difficult that day.”
When Erinna and her son finally arrived at their appointment, it seemed like there was no way 6-year-old Jackson, a boy with autism (自闭症), would be getting his hair cut.
“He just immediately got anxious,” Erinna explained. “Usually I have to do some coaching to get him in the chair. He will put on his headphones, and we power through.”
Erinna said Jackson is a typical little boy who loves to play and loves art. But some tasks can be sensory overload, and haircuts are one of them. The stress was so intense for mom and son that almost two years went by before Jackson got another haircut. But this time, he was in the hands of Ree, the barber, and things were getting easier.
Ree noticed his Super Mario Bros shirt and told him that he needed to save Mario by making sure no hair got on him. She cut his hair while he moved and ran around the shop. She talked to him throughout the entire process, encouraging him and reminding him about protecting Mario to keep him engaged.
“It just touched me so much,” Erinna said: “She nurtured that relationship. She gained his trust.”
“I feel good I can go above and beyond for a child,” Ree said. “I know children want to be free. They want to express themselves so I try to find a different strategy to make them feel comfortable.”
Jackson’s smile told the rest of the story.
Erinna was very moved by her son’s haircut. She shared a video online, which has gotten millions of views. Given the huge response, Erinna also set up a special GoFundMe to support Ree to make sure she’s able to continue to work and replace any lost income from the impact of the pandemic (流行病).
24. What usually helped to calm Jackson during haircuts
A. His mother’s trust. B. His art books.
C. His barber’s encouragement. D. His headphones.
25. How did Ree succeed in cutting Jackson’s hair
A. By in spring him to be brave. B. By cooperating with his mother.
C. By turning the haircut into a game. D. By telling stories about Super Mario.
26. Which of the following words can best describe Ree
A. Kind and honest. B. Patient and creative.
C. Caring and generous. D. Confident and friendly.
C
Store owners have been inventing new tricks to get consumers into their stores and purchasing their goods. Even as we find new strategies to resist, neuroscientists (神经科学家) are employed at marketing agencies across the country to best figure out what is going through a consumer’s brain at each point in the decision process.
We consumers overspend due to the fact that we have a fear of missing the really good deal or having to pay more for the same thing and lose money. Normally, the prefrontal cortex ( 前 额皮 层 ) controls our emotional reactions to things, and keeps us from acting unreasonably by calming down our fears. But an advertiser can disturb our prefrontal cortex just by displaying flashy deal signs, encouraging it to do math on how much money we might save now by buying more of something we don’t actually need yet.
Nostalgia, that regretful affection for past events, is another strong influencer during the holiday season, and it’s shaped by emotion. Emotion—whether good or bad—enhances the formation of memories, engaging more parts of the brain. So hearing a nephew singing a carol, for instance, might reawaken memories associated with that particular song in a much more powerful way than hearing that same nephew sing another song. These kinds of memories are brought back even more easily by sensory input. This might be why we are often greeted by a sensory reminder everywhere we go in a month.
Wherever you purchase gifts, there are social influences on what you buy as well. The holidays are a time when we are especially conditioned to pay more for the label because we’re buying gifts. Receiving a brand-name gift sends the message that “this person has spent more on me, so he or she must value me more.” And it makes sense. If two things seem pretty much the same, how do I know which to choose Humans have survived as a social species, and we have to rely on each other. So when our brains are trying to make decisions, one of the shortcuts is to assume that if a lot of other people prefer something (and higher cost is often a predictor of that), then there must be a reason.
Much of our holiday spending is driven by unplanned purchases. Plan ahead, resist the urge to purchase in the moment, make notes for comparison shopping, and if the deal is actually good, then it will hold up to inspection and you’ll feel good about your purchases later. Before you blow your budget this season, remember that your brain might be fooling you into that next purchase.
27. From Paragraph 2, we learn that ______.
A. the prefrontal cortex is the calculation center
B. the common consumers always act unreasonably
C. the sight of flashy deal signs may fill consumers with fear
D. the advertisers make consumers pay more for the same thing
28. According to Paragraph 3, which of the following can work on consumers
A. Creating a festival atmosphere. B. Following the current fashion.
C. Preparing more free samples. D. Offering a bigger discount.
29. Why do we buy brand-name gifts during the holiday
A. They are more reliable. B. They are a sign of social status.
C. They make people feel valued. D. They are favored by most people.
30. To avoid overspending, the author suggests we ______.
A. buy in the moment B. reduce our budget
C. return unnecessary products D. make a plan in advance
D
Upskilling is the future—but it must work for everyone
Automation and job replacement will be one of the most significant challenges for the global economy of the coming decades. A 2017 Mckinsey report established that 375 million workers will need to switch occupational categories by 2030. The World Economic Forum suggests that by 2022, automation will replace 75 million jobs globally—but create 133 million new ones.
Research into the likelihood that a job will be impacted by digitization has largely focused on the “automatability” of the role and the following economic regional and political effects of this. What this research doesn’t take into account is something more important for the millions of taxi drivers and retail workers across the globe: their likelihood of being able to change to another job that isn’t automatable. Recent research suggests that the answer to this may be that the skills that enable workers to move up the ladder to more complex roles within their current areas might be less important than broader skills that will enable workers to change across divisions.
In July, Amazon announced that it would spend $700 million retraining around 30% of its 300,000 US workforce. While praiseworthy, it will be interesting to see the outcome. In the UK, the National Retraining Scheme has largely been led by employers, meaning that those on zero-hours contracts and part-time workers—often low-skilled—will miss out. Governance will be a crucial element of ensuring that such schemes focus on individuals and life-long learning, rather than upskilling workers into roles that will soon also face automation.
According to the Mckinsey report, “growing awareness of the scale of the task ahead has yet to translate into action. Public spending on labour-force training and support has fallen for years in most member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development,” which impacts more than just the low-skilled and poorly compensated.
The global impact of automation is also put into relief by research demonstrating that, between 1988 and 2015, income inequality increased throughout the world. Billions of people do not have the essentials of life as defined by the UN Sustainable Development goals.
Alongside climate change, automation is arguably tech’s biggest challenge. As with globalization, governments and employers—and us workers—ignore its potential consequences at risk to ourselves.
31. It can be known from Paragraph 2 that .
A. recent research has found ways to face automation
B. broad skills are of great significance in changing jobs
C. regional economy can affect the automatability of a job
D. it is even harder for workers to move up the social ladder
32. What is the author’s attitude towards retraining programs
A. Supportive. B. Critical.
C. Skeptical. D. Sympathetic.
33. According to the author, what is one consequence of automation
A. Less spending on training. B. A slowdown of globalization.
C. Social unrest and instability. D. An increase in income inequality.
34. The passage is written to .
A. argue the urgency of creating new jobs B. compare globalization with automation
C. analyze the automatability of certain jobs D. stress the importance of upskilling workers
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Pets are like our family members and their good health is something that is very important to all pet owners. Just as the pollutants, such as carbon monoxide (一氧化物) and carbon dioxide in the air, affect our health, these same environmental nasties can affect our pets too.
______35______57% of dogs exposed to higher pollution levels developed brain diseases and showed signs of neuro problems. In a more recent study from the journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, researchers found that cats with breathing problems were more likely to live in households with higher indoor air pollution.
Air purifiers have been brought into use in recent years. They work to remove harmful chemicals known as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other environmental pollutants from the air._____36_____But are they safe for pets How can we ensure that they aren’t harming our furry friends
_____37_____The physical safety of using a mechanical device around pets is what we have to pay attention to. Air purifiers come in various shapes and sizes, from small desk-top units to large, free-standing models. In terms of physical harm, there is an existing risk of our pet becoming trapped in the electrical wire of our air purifier. Air purifiers are designed to be used in the home around children and their internal mechanisms should also be safe from small tails of our pets and other parts of their bodies. ______38______
Whether the air purifier improves or damages the health of our animals is also something we have to consider. The air purifiers are safe for pets, but only if they do not produce any ozone (臭氧) byproduct.____39____We should always stay away from the ones that produce even minimal quantities. We are always on the safe side by picking a standard air purifier with the classic 3-stage filtration (过滤) system of a pre-filter, HEPA filter and carbon activated filter.
Picking the wrong air purifier type can quickly make things worse for our pets. On the other hand, picking the correct air purifier can lead to a big increase in the quality of life for them.
A. At present many homes are equipped with these useful devices.
B. Before buying an air purifier, we should keep two aspects in mind.
C. Pet owners always pay close attention to the physical health of their pets.
D. Even the smallest pets shouldn’t be able to access the insides of air purifiers.
E. This greatly depends on the type of air purifier and air cleaning technology used.
F. So always check the product specifications and try to find a model that does not produce any carbon monoxide.
G. A 2008 study published in Brain and Cognition showed that dogs’ brains were negatively affected by the heavy pollution levels.
第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40至41题每小题2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Every year more of us try and reduce our impact on the planet. A refill shop, or zero waste shop, gives you a choice to go green.
Refill shops tend to be small, independent stores that sell non-packaged goods. Most of the time they will be dry ones like rice and nuts produced directly in the local sites, which means less carbon footprint from farm to plate. They can also be many other sustainable (可持续的) products, like refill cleaning products and soaps. Shoppers only need to bring containers they already own and refill them from larger containers in the store.
Refill and zero-waste shops are usually located in communities. Buying from within walking distance, clearly, is more sustainable and kinder to the planet, and your community. If you’re walking down the street to your local refill shop, then you’re doing great but if you’re driving hours away to find your closest shop, then the transport may cancel out any benefits of what you buy. Remember, it’s the whole process not just the end product.
Perhaps the most significant aspect of shopping at local refill shops is that they encourage us to think about our consumer habits. They make us pause and think about how we can make positive changes for the environment.
If you can shop local and from independent refill shops, then you should. It doesn’t have to be all the time but minimising waste and choosing refills where you can will make a positive difference.
40. What are refill shops
41. According to the passage, what is the most important value of refill shopping
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Refill shops are built in communities within walking distance because driving to these shops can cost money.
43. In reality, refill shops have not won much popularity yet. What do you think might be the possible reason(s) (In about 40 words)
第二节(20分)
44. 你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以“The Person I Admire Most”或“My Role Model”为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1. 该人物是谁；
2. 该人物的主要贡献；
3. 该人物对你的影响。
注意：词数不少于100。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. C 10. B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在Ben告知即将搬走的时候回忆起了他们的友情是如何建立的，并且相信即使不在一起了，也没有什么能打破他们友谊的纽带。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：敲窗的方式是我们的紧急呼叫，但这并不意味着什么好事。A. sound声音；B. pattern模式，方式；C. number数字；D. symbol象征。根据上文“Knock, knock. Then a three-second pause. Knock, knock.”可知，此处是指敲窗的方式是作者和朋友之间的紧急呼叫。故选B。
【2题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他意味深长地看了我一眼，我立刻明白了这是什么意思。A. playful有趣的，爱玩的；B. grateful感激的；C. cheerful令人愉快的；D. meaningful有意义的，意味深长的。根据下文“I immediately knew what it was”可知，此处是指朋友Ben给了作者一个意味深长的表情。故选D。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我心头一沉。A. failed失败；B. softened软化，使……变软；C. sank下沉；D. relieved解除，减轻，缓和。根据下文““Where to ” I asked.”可知，Ben要搬走了，作者听了此消息后很难过，因此心头一沉。故选C。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一开始，我讨厌佛罗里达。A. hated讨厌；B. missed想念，错过；C. explored探索；D. appreciated感激，欣赏。根据下文作者和Ben成为好朋友和“Everything changed, though”推知，在和Ben成为朋友前作者讨厌弗罗里达州，因为他常常随父母搬家，所以没有朋友。故选A。
【5题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我意外走进Ben的柠檬水摊时，一切都变了。A. gradually逐渐；B. narrowly勉强地，仔细地；C. constantly不断地，一直；D. accidentally意外地。结合常识和下文“It must have been fate!”可知，作者滑进Ben的柠檬水摊是一个意外，因此他们才会觉得这是命中注定。故选D。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我想，也许那柠檬水有某种魔力，当它落在我们身上时，它就像施了魔法，让我们成为永远的朋友。A. sign标志，迹象；B. magic魔法，魔术；C. flavour风味；D. wish愿望。根据下文“as it rained down on us, it cast a spell making us friends forever.”推知，作者认为柠檬水有魔力，它让自己和Ben成了好朋友。且下文的“it was a drop of magic lemonade”也是提示。故选B。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然看起来很悲伤，但我也在他身上看到了希望。 A. hope希望；B. joy快乐；C. courage勇气；D. support支持。呼应上文“I knew the chance was low, but I chose to hope.”可知，此处指Ben虽然看起来悲伤，但也对他们的友谊充满了希望。故选A。
【8题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我会为你准备好柠檬水摊。A. necessary必要的；B. convenient方便的；C. ready准备好的，现成的；D. useful有用的。根据下文“Then I’ll pack my roller-skates.”可知，此处是指Ben在临走前为作者准备好柠檬水摊，因为这是他们友谊开始的地方。故选C。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都笑了。A. struggled挣扎，努力，奋斗；B. argued争论；C. laughed笑；D. compromised妥协，互让。根据上文““I’ll have a lemonade stand ____8____ for you.” “Then I’ll pack my roller-skates.” “Then I’ll wear a poncho (雨披).””可知，他们聊了一些开心的事情，这些事情表明他们的友谊会继续，因此两人都笑了。故选C。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道可能是下雨了，但我仍然认为，也许，这是一滴神奇的柠檬水，因为地球上没有什么能打破我们之间的联系。A. rule规则；B. bond纽带，联系；C. barrier障碍；D. balance平衡。根据上文“it cast a spell making us friends forever.”可知，作者和Ben是永远的好朋友，因此作者认为没有什么能打破他们之间的联系，更何况还有神奇的“柠檬水”。故选B。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
【答案】11. for
12. had learned
13. quickly
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要陈述了Emma路上救人的故事。
【11题详解】
考查介词。句意：她环顾四周，看到一个小男孩在人行道上喘着气，他的母亲吓坏了，在乞求帮助。根据空前的begging可知，此处使用介词for，beg for“乞求”，为固定短语。故填for。
【12题详解】
考查时态。句意：幸运的是，艾玛在学校学会了海姆利克急救法。根据句意及空前的was可知，此处使用过去完成时，故动词learn“学会”用had learned形式，构成过去完成时。故填had learned。
【13题详解】
考查副词。句意：她行动迅速。分析句子结构可知，本空填副词quickly“迅速地”，作状语，修饰动词acted。故填quickly。
【答案】14. has come
15. amazing
16. what 17. where
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。本文介绍了于2022年9月23日至10月8日在浙江省杭州市和其他五个城市举办的第19届亚洲运动会，这是一场最令人惊叹的体育盛会，有15项世界纪录被打破。
【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：第19届亚运会于9月23日至10月8日在杭州和浙江其他五个城市举行，近日落下帷幕。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中recently为现在完成时时间标志。故填has come。
【15题详解】
考查形容词。句意：毫无疑问，这是今年最令人惊叹的体育赛事，有15项世界纪录被打破。分析句子，设空处使用amaze的形容词amazing作定语，修饰名词sporting event，意为“令人惊叹的”。故填amazing。
【16题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：此外，更引人注目的是，“绿色奥运”已经成为它的一张名片。分析句子，设空处引导的是主语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，意为“什么”用what。故填what。
【17题详解】
考查定语从句或状语从句。句意：例如，在举办奥运会的六个城市，数字技术被用于管理场馆的碳排放/例如，在奥运会举办期间，数字技术被用于管理六个城市场馆的碳排放。分析句子，设空处引导的是定语从句，引导词在从句中作地点状语，表示“在六个城市中”用where。故填where。
【答案】18. known
19. that##which
20. are produced
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了第26届联合国气候变化缔约方会议的主要目标。
【18题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：被称为“第26届联合国气候变化缔约方会议”的COP26是各国政府为保护环境而举行的一系列会议中最新的一次。短语be known as表示“被称为”，此处为过去分词作定语，故填known。
【19题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它的主要目标是采取措施应对气候变化——与人类活动（包括农业、工业和交通）有关的世界天气模式的长期变化。定语从句修饰先行词patterns，在从句作主语，指物，故填that/which。
【20题详解】
考查主谓一致和时态语态。句意：这些活动产生的二氧化碳等气体将热量困在地球大气中，导致气温上升，导致极端洪水、热浪和风暴。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Gases，先行词在从句作主语，与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填are produced。
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A
【分析】这是一篇应用文。为庆祝世界海洋日，《少年周刊》举办了一场绘画比赛，本文就比赛的方式、作品要求、奖品等做了说明。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“In celebration of World Ocean Day on 8 June, The Week Junior is running a competition to create an awesome poster featuring some of the world’s coolest sea creatures, and your artwork could be part of it!(为了庆祝6月8日的世界海洋日，《少年周刊》正在举办一场比赛，制作一张精美的海报，展示世界上一些最酷的海洋生物，你的作品可能会成为其中的一部分！)”可知，这次的绘画比赛是为了庆祝世界海洋日。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据What you could win段落下的“Each winner will also receive a paint brush set worth over 80, which will be delivered to you.(每位获胜者还将收到价值超过80英镑的画笔套装，并将通过快递的方式送达)”可知，参赛的获胜者将会收到快递过去的奖品。故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据Terms and conditions段落下的“The Week Junior will not share your personal details with third parties. The Week Junior will only use personal details to contact the competition winners.(《少年周刊》不会与第三方分享您的个人信息，个人详细信息仅用于联系竞赛优胜者)”可知，《少年周刊》对参赛者的隐私负责。故选A。
【答案】24. D 25. C 26. B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了对于患有自病症的6岁孩子杰克逊来说，理发是一件很困难的事情。理发师Ree把艰难的一天变成了一场特殊的比赛。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中““And we forgot his headphones. We were running late, traffic was horrible, so I knew it was going to be difficult that day.””（我们忘了他的耳机。我们要迟到了，交通状况很糟糕，所以我知道那天会很困难。”）以及第三段““He just immediately got anxious,” Erinna explained. “Usually I have to do some coaching to get him in the chair. He will put on his headphones, and we power through.””（“他立刻变得焦虑起来，”Erinna解释道。“通常我必须做一些指导才能让他坐在椅子上。他会戴上耳机，然后我们就接通了。”）可知，通常耳机能帮助杰克逊在理发时冷静下来。故选D项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Ree noticed his Super Mario Bros shirt and told him that he needed to save Mario by making sure no hair got on him. She cut his hair while he moved and ran around the shop. She talked to him throughout the entire process, encouraging him and reminding him about protecting Mario to keep him engaged.”（Ree注意到他的超级马里奥兄弟衬衫，并告诉他，他需要拯救马里奥，确保他没有头发。他在店里跑来跑去的时候，她给他剪了头发。在整个过程中，她都在与他交谈，鼓励他并提醒他要保护马里奥，让他保持专注。）可知，Ree把理发变成一场保护马里奥的游戏，成功地剪掉杰克逊的头发。故选C项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Ree noticed his Super Mario Bros shirt and told him that he needed to save Mario by making sure no hair got on him. She cut his hair while he moved and ran around the shop. She talked to him throughout the entire process, encouraging him and reminding him about protecting Mario to keep him engaged.”（Ree注意到他的超级马里奥兄弟衬衫，并告诉他，他需要拯救马里奥，确保他没有头发。他在店里跑来跑去的时候，她给他剪了头发。在整个过程中，她都在与他交谈，鼓励他并提醒他要保护马里奥，让他保持专注。）以及第七段““I feel good I can go above and beyond for a child,” Ree said. “I know children want to be free. They want to express themselves so I try to find a different strategy to make them feel comfortable.””（“我感觉很好，我可以为一个孩子做得更好，”里说。“我知道孩子们想要自由。他们想要表达自己，所以我试着找到一种不同的策略，让他们感觉舒服。”）可知，Ree为跑来跑去并患有自闭症的孩子理发，说明她很有耐心；Ree用游戏的方式并尝试用不同的策略为孩子理发，说明她具有创造性。故选B项。
【答案】27. C 28. A 29. C 30. D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。商店老板一直在发明新招数，让消费者进入他们的商店，购买他们的商品。文章介绍了是哪些因素促使消费者消费。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中Normally, the prefrontal cortex ( 前额皮层 ) controls our emotional reactions to things, and keeps us from acting unreasonably by calming down our fears. But an advertiser can disturb our prefrontal cortex just by displaying flashy deal signs, encouraging it to do math on how much money we might save now by buying more of something we don’t actually need yet.正常情况下，前额叶皮层控制我们对事物的情绪反应，并通过平复我们的恐惧来阻止我们做出不合理的行为。但是广告商可以通过展示华而不实的交易标志来干扰我们的前额叶皮层，鼓励它计算一下，如果我们现在多买一些我们实际上还不需要的东西，可以省下多少钱。由此可推断华而不实的交易标志会干扰消费者的前额叶皮层，可能会让消费者充满恐惧。故选C项。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中Nostalgia, that regretful affection for past events, is another strong influencer during the holiday season, and it’s shaped by emotion. 怀旧，即对过去事件的遗憾情感，是假期期间另一个强大的影响因素，它是由情感塑造的。由此判断出，营造节日气氛对消费者有作用。故选A项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中The holidays are a time when we are especially conditioned to pay more for the label because we’re buying gifts. Receiving a brand-name gift sends the message that “this person has spent more on me, so he or she must value me more.”节日期间，我们特别习惯于为品牌多花钱，因为我们要买礼物。收到一件名牌礼物会传递这样的信息：“这个人在我身上花了更多的钱，所以他或她一定更看重我。”可知，我们要在节日期间买名牌礼物是因为名牌礼物会让人们感到自己被重视。故选C项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中Plan ahead, resist the urge to purchase in the moment, make notes for comparison shopping, and if the deal is actually good, then it will hold up to inspection and you’ll feel good about your purchases later. 提前计划，抵制一时的冲动，为比较购物做笔记，如果交易真的很好，那么它将经得起检验，你以后会对你买的东西感觉很好。可知，为了避免超支，作者建议我们提前制定计划。故选D项。
【答案】31. B 32. C 33. D 34. D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了自动化和就业替代将是未来几十年全球经济面临的最重大挑战之一，而要应对这一趋势，当务之急是提高自身技能，尤其是跨部门跳槽所需的广泛技能。文章说明了再培训项目存在的问题，指出除了气候变化，自动化可以说是科技面临的最大挑战。就像全球化一样，政府和雇主——以及美国工人——忽视了全球化对我们自身的潜在影响。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中Recent research suggests that the answer to this may be that the skills that enable workers to move up the ladder to more complex roles within their current areas might be less important than broader skills that will enable workers to change across divisions.可知最近的研究表明，这个问题的答案可能是，使工人能够在其目前的领域内晋升到更复杂的角色的技能，可能不如使工人能够跨部门转换的更广泛的技能重要。由此可知，广泛的技能在换工作中是非常重要的。故选B。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中In the UK, the National Retraining Scheme has largely been led by employers, meaning that those on zero-hours contracts and part-time workers—often low-skilled—will miss out.可知在英国，国家再培训计划在很大程度上是由雇主主导的，这意味着那些签订零时合同的人和兼职工人——往往技能低下——将会错过机会。由此可推知，作者对再培训计划持怀疑态度。故选C。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中The global impact of automation is also put into relief by research demonstrating that, between 1988 and 2015, income inequality increased throughout the world.可知研究表明，1988年至2015年期间，世界各地的收入不平等现象加剧，这也让自动化对全球的影响得到了缓解。由此可推知，作者认为自动化的一个后果是收入不平等加剧。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章标题Upskilling is the future—but it must work for everyone(技能提升是未来的趋势，但它必须适用于每个人)结合文章主要说明了自动化和就业替代将是未来几十年全球经济面临的最重大挑战之一，而要应对这一趋势，当务之急是提高自身技能，尤其是跨部门跳槽所需的广泛技能。文章说明了再培训项目存在的问题，指出除了气候变化，自动化可以说是科技面临的最大挑战。就像全球化一样，政府和雇主——以及工人——忽视了全球化对我们自身的潜在影响。由此可推知，这篇文章是为了强调提高工人技能的重要性。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
【答案】35. G 36. A 37. B 38. D 39. E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，宠物的健康对所有宠物主人来说都非常重要，比如有呼吸问题的猫更可能生活在室内空气污染较高的家庭中，因此选择一款适当的空气净化器很重要，文章就如何确保空气净化器不会伤害我们的宠物做出了说明。
【35题详解】
由下文“57% of dogs exposed to higher pollution levels developed brain diseases and showed signs of neuro problems. (57%的狗暴露在高污染水平下，会患上脑部疾病，并表现出神经问题的迹象)”可知，G选项“2008年发表在《大脑与认知》杂志上的一项研究表明，狗的大脑受到严重污染水平的负面影响。”引出高污染对狗大脑的负面影响，承接下文讲狗因高污染会出现脑部疾病问题。故选G项。
【36题详解】
由上文“Air purifiers have been brought into use in recent years. (空气净化器近年来已投入使用)”和下文“But are they safe for pets How can we ensure that they aren’t harming our furry friends (但是它们对宠物安全吗？我们如何确保它们不会伤害我们毛茸茸的朋友？)”可知，在空气净化器已投入使用的前提下，人们开始思考它们对于宠物是否安全，说明有些家庭已经使用了这种有用的设备——空气净化器，才会提出下文的疑问，承接上下文，A选项“目前许多家庭都配备了这些有用的设备。”切题。故选A项。
【37题详解】
由上文“But are they safe for pets How can we ensure that they aren’t harming our furry friends (但是它们对宠物安全吗？我们如何确保它们不会伤害我们毛茸茸的朋友？)”，下文第四段“The physical safety of using a mechanical device around pets is what we have to pay attention to. (在宠物周围使用机械设备的身体安全是我们必须注意的)”和第五段“Whether the air purifier improves or damages the health of our animals is also something we have to consider. (空气净化器是否改善或损害动物的健康也是我们必须考虑的问题)”可知，下文就上文提到的空气净化器对于宠物是否安全的问题，下文从两个方面入手，确保人们买到合适的空气净化器，承接上下文，B选项“在购买空气净化器之前，我们应该记住两个方面。”切题。故选B项。
【38题详解】
由上文“In terms of physical harm, there is an existing risk of our pet becoming trapped in the electrical wire of our air purifier. Air purifiers are designed to be used in the home around children and their internal mechanisms should also be safe from small tails of our pets and other parts of their bodies. (就身体伤害而言，我们的宠物存在被困在空气净化器电线中的风险。空气净化器设计用于有儿童的家庭，其内部机制也应安全，不受我们宠物的小尾巴及其身体其他部位的影响)”可知，空气净化器对宠物有危险，但用于儿童家庭的空气净化器是安全的，不会伤害宠物的小尾巴及其身体其他部位，所以最小的宠物也能免受进入空气净化器的伤害，承接上文，D选项“即使是最小的宠物也不能进入空气净化器的内部。”切题。故选D项。
【39题详解】
由上文“Whether the air purifier improves or damages the health of our animals is also something we have to consider. The air purifiers are safe for pets, but only if they do not produce any ozone (臭氧) byproduct. (空气净化器是否改善或损害动物的健康也是我们必须考虑的问题。空气净化器对宠物是安全的，但前提是它们不会产生任何臭氧副产品)”，下文“We are always on the safe side by picking a standard air purifier with the classic 3-stage filtration (过滤) system of a pre-filter, HEPA filter and carbon activated filter. (我们总是出于安全考虑，选择了一款标准的空气净化器，该净化器采用经典的三级过滤系统，包括前置过滤器、高效空气过滤器和碳活性过滤器)”和最后一段“Picking the wrong air purifier type can quickly make things worse for our pets. On the other hand, picking the correct air purifier can lead to a big increase in the quality of life for them. (选择错误的空气净化器类型会很快让我们的宠物变得更糟。另一方面，选择正确的空气净化器可以大大提高他们的生活质量)”可知，空气净化器是否改善或损害动物的健康与空气净化器的空气净化技术和类型相关，承接上下文，E选项“这在很大程度上取决于空气净化器的类型和使用的空气净化技术。”切题，This指代上文“The air purifiers are safe for pets, but only if they do not produce any ozone (臭氧) byproduct”。故选E项。
第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40至41题每小题2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
答案】40. Refill shops are small, independent stores that sell non-packaged goods.
41. The most important value of refill shopping is that it encourages us to think about our consumer habits.
42. According to the passage, refill shops are built in communities within walking distance because walking to refill shops is environmentally-friendly.
43. 言之有理即可。
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了零浪费商店为环保所做出的努力。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Refill shops tend to be small, independent stores that sell non-packaged goods.(零浪费商店往往规模较小，出售非包装商品的独立商店。)”可知，零浪费商店是出售非包装商品的小型独立商店。故答案为Refill shops are small, independent stores that sell non-packaged goods.
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Perhaps the most significant aspect of shopping at local refill shops is that they encourage us to think about our consumer habits.(或许，在本地零浪费商店购物最重要的方面是，它们鼓励我们思考自己的消费习惯。)”可知，零浪费购物最重要的价值在于它鼓励我们去思考我们的消费习惯。故答案为The most important value of refill shopping is that it encourages us to think about our consumer habits.
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Refill and zero-waste shops are usually located in communities. Buying from within walking distance, clearly, is more sustainable and kinder to the planet, and your community.(零浪费商店通常位于社区。很明显，在步行距离内购买更可持续，对地球和你的社区更友善。)”可知，零浪费商店建在社区内步行，因为步行去商店是环保的。故答案为According to the passage, refill shops are built in communities within walking distance because walking to refill shops is environmentally-friendly.
【43题详解】
开放题。本题是分析零浪费商店还没有赢得多少人气的原因。言之有理即可。参考答案为Refill shops have not won much popularity yet, because the goods which refill shops sell are not rich enough and can't meet customer's demands. It may not be convenient for some elderly people to shop in such stores.
第二节(20分)
44. 【答案】
The person I admire most
The person I admire most is Helen Keller. I came across a book entitled Three Days to See by Helen Keller five years ago. I learned from the book that she was stricken blind and deaf but she didn’t bow to destiny. Instead, she tried to live life to the full. She even helped other people with a disability as a social activist. She devoted herself to raising funds for the American Foundation for the Blind. What she says and does has a great influence on me. Whenever I encounter difficulties, her spirit will encourage me and help me cheer up. It is Helen Keller who has made me what I am today and influences me all the time.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就以“我最敬佩的人”或“我的榜样”为题，写一篇短文参赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
遇到：come across→ run into
命运：destiny→ fate
帮助：help→ assist
对某人有很大影响：have a great influence on sb.→ have a great impact on sb.
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句/同义句转换/合并简单句
原句：I came across a book entitled Three Days to See by Helen Keller five years ago.
拓展句：I came across a book whose title is Three Days to See by Helen Keller five years ago.
【点睛】【高分句型1】What she says and does has a great influence on me.（运用了What引导的主语从句）
【高分句型2】It is Helen Keller who has made me what I am today and influences me all the time.（运用了“it is ...who”强调句型和what引导的宾语从句）
英 语
(时间：90分钟 满分：100分 为选择性必修1模块结业考试)
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I was about to sleep when someone knocked on my window. Knock, knock. Then a three-second pause. Knock, knock. Immediately I knew it was my best friend, Ben. The knock ____1____ was our emergency call which never means anything good.
“What’s going on ” I rushed to open the window and asked.
Ben climbed in. “Bad news.” He gave me a ____2____ look, and I immediately knew what it was. My heart ____3____ . I gave him a nod, and he sighed in response.
“Where to ” I asked.
“Virginia.”
“That’s far from Florida.”
We looked at each other knowing we were thinking the same. Both Ben and I had parents in the airforce. We were used to frequent moves.
Ben and I became close friends since I crashed into Ben’s stand and sent plastic cups of lemonade flying into the heavens. At first, I ____4____ Florida. Everything changed, though, when I ____5____ rollers-kated into Ben’s lemonade stand.
“It must have been fate!” we claimed. But I think that, maybe, there was some ____6____ in that lemonade, and that as it rained down on us, it cast a spell making us friends forever.
“Maybe your family will get moved to Virginia too.” Ben said.
“Yeah, maybe.” I knew the chance was low, but I chose to hope.
Ben grinned at me. Though it looked sad, I saw ____7____ in him too.
“I’ll have a lemonade stand ____8____ for you.”
“Then I’ll pack my roller-skates.”
“Then I’ll wear a poncho (雨披).”
We ____9____ . The humid Florida night closed around us, and I felt a tiny drop of liquid splash on my arm. I knew it was probably rain, but still, I thought that, maybe, it was a drop of magic lemonade, because nothing on earth can break the _____10_____ between us.
1. A. sound B. pattern C. number D. symbol
2. A. playful B. grateful C. cheerful D. meaningful
3. A. failed B. softened C. sank D. relieved
4. A. hated B. missed C. explored D. appreciated
5. A. gradually B. narrowly C. constantly D. accidentally
6. A. sign B. magic C. flavour D. wish
7. A. hope B. joy C. courage D. support
8. A. necessary B. convenient C. ready D. useful
9. A. struggled B. argued C. laughed D. compromised
10. A. rule B. bond C. barrier D. balance
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Emma was on her way home when she heard a sudden scream. Looking around, she saw a little boy on the sidewalk gasping (急喘) for air, his frighted mother begging ____11____ help. Emma rushed to the boy, whose face had turned purple. “What’s wrong ” “A candy! In his throat!” It was lucky that Emma ____12____ (learned) how to perform the Heimlich maneuver (海姆立克急救法) at school. She acted ____13____ (quick). Soon, the boy coughed up a piece of candy and began breathing again. He was saved in time.
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The 19th Asian Games, held from Sept. 23 to Oct 8 in Hangzhou and five other cities in Zhejiang, ____14____ (come) to an end recently. It is undoubtedly the most ____15____ (amaze) sporting event of the year, with 15 world records broken. The competitive atmosphere and sportsmanship displayed by athletes are impressive. Besides, ____16____ makes it more spectacular is that “Green Games” has become a calling card for it. Green energy sources were used at all 56 competition venues. For example, digital technologies were used for managing carbon emissions from venues in the six cities ____17____ the Games were held.
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
COP26, ____18____ (know) as “the 26th UN Climate Change Conference of the Parties”, was the latest in a series of meetings bringing together governments to protect the environment. Its main goal was to take measures against climate change—long-term changes in world weather patterns ____19____ are linked to human activities including farming, industry and transport. Gases such as carbon dioxide, which ____20____ (produce) by these activities, trap heat in Earth’s atmosphere and cause temperatures to rise, leading to extreme floods, heatwaves and storms.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
COMPETITION
Draw a sea creature for our ocean poster
Are you a gifted artist Do you think you can draw a prize-winning dolphin or shark In celebration of World Ocean Day on 8 June, The Week Junior is running a competition to create an awesome poster featuring some of the world’s coolest sea creatures, and your artwork could be part of it!
How to enter
Draw a picture of your favorite sea creature and send your picture by email to competitions@ with OCEAN POSTER as the subject line by 10 April 2022. Make sure you’ve included your name, age, chosen sea creature, the address and phone number of your parent or guardian.
Once the competition has closed, our judges will pick 10 of the best animal drawings. They will be looking for the most creative and colorful drawings, so don’t be afraid to go big!
What you could win
The winning pictures will be shown on a The Week Junior ocean poster.
Each winner will also receive a paint brush set worth over 80, which will be delivered to you.
Terms and conditions
The Week Junior will not share your personal details with third parties. The Week Junior will only use personal details to contact the competition winners.
No responsibility can be accepted for entries that have been lost or damaged in transit( 运送 ), any technical failure or any event that may cause the competition to stop. Entries must be received before 11:59 pm on 10 April 2022.
All winners will be informed accordingly 4–6 weeks after the competition closes. By entering the competition all participants give permission for their artwork to be published online. Entries cannot be returned to senders.
21. The drawing competition is held to ________.
A. celebrate World Ocean Day B. help the talented artists
C.advertise The Week Junior D. protect dolphins and sharks
22. Winners of the competition will ________.
A. meet the judges B. get prize money
C. accept delivery of prizes D. receive an ocean poster
23.What will The Week Junior be responsible for
A. The privacy of the participants. B. The damage or loss of pictures.
C. The return of the artwork to the senders. D. The computer problems in sending emails.
B
Local barber (理发师) goes above and beyond for a little boy
“That day started all wrong,” LaQuista Erinna said. “And we forgot his headphones. We were running late, traffic was horrible, so I knew it was going to be difficult that day.”
When Erinna and her son finally arrived at their appointment, it seemed like there was no way 6-year-old Jackson, a boy with autism (自闭症), would be getting his hair cut.
“He just immediately got anxious,” Erinna explained. “Usually I have to do some coaching to get him in the chair. He will put on his headphones, and we power through.”
Erinna said Jackson is a typical little boy who loves to play and loves art. But some tasks can be sensory overload, and haircuts are one of them. The stress was so intense for mom and son that almost two years went by before Jackson got another haircut. But this time, he was in the hands of Ree, the barber, and things were getting easier.
Ree noticed his Super Mario Bros shirt and told him that he needed to save Mario by making sure no hair got on him. She cut his hair while he moved and ran around the shop. She talked to him throughout the entire process, encouraging him and reminding him about protecting Mario to keep him engaged.
“It just touched me so much,” Erinna said: “She nurtured that relationship. She gained his trust.”
“I feel good I can go above and beyond for a child,” Ree said. “I know children want to be free. They want to express themselves so I try to find a different strategy to make them feel comfortable.”
Jackson’s smile told the rest of the story.
Erinna was very moved by her son’s haircut. She shared a video online, which has gotten millions of views. Given the huge response, Erinna also set up a special GoFundMe to support Ree to make sure she’s able to continue to work and replace any lost income from the impact of the pandemic (流行病).
24. What usually helped to calm Jackson during haircuts
A. His mother’s trust. B. His art books.
C. His barber’s encouragement. D. His headphones.
25. How did Ree succeed in cutting Jackson’s hair
A. By in spring him to be brave. B. By cooperating with his mother.
C. By turning the haircut into a game. D. By telling stories about Super Mario.
26. Which of the following words can best describe Ree
A. Kind and honest. B. Patient and creative.
C. Caring and generous. D. Confident and friendly.
C
Store owners have been inventing new tricks to get consumers into their stores and purchasing their goods. Even as we find new strategies to resist, neuroscientists (神经科学家) are employed at marketing agencies across the country to best figure out what is going through a consumer’s brain at each point in the decision process.
We consumers overspend due to the fact that we have a fear of missing the really good deal or having to pay more for the same thing and lose money. Normally, the prefrontal cortex ( 前 额皮 层 ) controls our emotional reactions to things, and keeps us from acting unreasonably by calming down our fears. But an advertiser can disturb our prefrontal cortex just by displaying flashy deal signs, encouraging it to do math on how much money we might save now by buying more of something we don’t actually need yet.
Nostalgia, that regretful affection for past events, is another strong influencer during the holiday season, and it’s shaped by emotion. Emotion—whether good or bad—enhances the formation of memories, engaging more parts of the brain. So hearing a nephew singing a carol, for instance, might reawaken memories associated with that particular song in a much more powerful way than hearing that same nephew sing another song. These kinds of memories are brought back even more easily by sensory input. This might be why we are often greeted by a sensory reminder everywhere we go in a month.
Wherever you purchase gifts, there are social influences on what you buy as well. The holidays are a time when we are especially conditioned to pay more for the label because we’re buying gifts. Receiving a brand-name gift sends the message that “this person has spent more on me, so he or she must value me more.” And it makes sense. If two things seem pretty much the same, how do I know which to choose Humans have survived as a social species, and we have to rely on each other. So when our brains are trying to make decisions, one of the shortcuts is to assume that if a lot of other people prefer something (and higher cost is often a predictor of that), then there must be a reason.
Much of our holiday spending is driven by unplanned purchases. Plan ahead, resist the urge to purchase in the moment, make notes for comparison shopping, and if the deal is actually good, then it will hold up to inspection and you’ll feel good about your purchases later. Before you blow your budget this season, remember that your brain might be fooling you into that next purchase.
27. From Paragraph 2, we learn that ______.
A. the prefrontal cortex is the calculation center
B. the common consumers always act unreasonably
C. the sight of flashy deal signs may fill consumers with fear
D. the advertisers make consumers pay more for the same thing
28. According to Paragraph 3, which of the following can work on consumers
A. Creating a festival atmosphere. B. Following the current fashion.
C. Preparing more free samples. D. Offering a bigger discount.
29. Why do we buy brand-name gifts during the holiday
A. They are more reliable. B. They are a sign of social status.
C. They make people feel valued. D. They are favored by most people.
30. To avoid overspending, the author suggests we ______.
A. buy in the moment B. reduce our budget
C. return unnecessary products D. make a plan in advance
D
Upskilling is the future—but it must work for everyone
Automation and job replacement will be one of the most significant challenges for the global economy of the coming decades. A 2017 Mckinsey report established that 375 million workers will need to switch occupational categories by 2030. The World Economic Forum suggests that by 2022, automation will replace 75 million jobs globally—but create 133 million new ones.
Research into the likelihood that a job will be impacted by digitization has largely focused on the “automatability” of the role and the following economic regional and political effects of this. What this research doesn’t take into account is something more important for the millions of taxi drivers and retail workers across the globe: their likelihood of being able to change to another job that isn’t automatable. Recent research suggests that the answer to this may be that the skills that enable workers to move up the ladder to more complex roles within their current areas might be less important than broader skills that will enable workers to change across divisions.
In July, Amazon announced that it would spend $700 million retraining around 30% of its 300,000 US workforce. While praiseworthy, it will be interesting to see the outcome. In the UK, the National Retraining Scheme has largely been led by employers, meaning that those on zero-hours contracts and part-time workers—often low-skilled—will miss out. Governance will be a crucial element of ensuring that such schemes focus on individuals and life-long learning, rather than upskilling workers into roles that will soon also face automation.
According to the Mckinsey report, “growing awareness of the scale of the task ahead has yet to translate into action. Public spending on labour-force training and support has fallen for years in most member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development,” which impacts more than just the low-skilled and poorly compensated.
The global impact of automation is also put into relief by research demonstrating that, between 1988 and 2015, income inequality increased throughout the world. Billions of people do not have the essentials of life as defined by the UN Sustainable Development goals.
Alongside climate change, automation is arguably tech’s biggest challenge. As with globalization, governments and employers—and us workers—ignore its potential consequences at risk to ourselves.
31. It can be known from Paragraph 2 that .
A. recent research has found ways to face automation
B. broad skills are of great significance in changing jobs
C. regional economy can affect the automatability of a job
D. it is even harder for workers to move up the social ladder
32. What is the author’s attitude towards retraining programs
A. Supportive. B. Critical.
C. Skeptical. D. Sympathetic.
33. According to the author, what is one consequence of automation
A. Less spending on training. B. A slowdown of globalization.
C. Social unrest and instability. D. An increase in income inequality.
34. The passage is written to .
A. argue the urgency of creating new jobs B. compare globalization with automation
C. analyze the automatability of certain jobs D. stress the importance of upskilling workers
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Pets are like our family members and their good health is something that is very important to all pet owners. Just as the pollutants, such as carbon monoxide (一氧化物) and carbon dioxide in the air, affect our health, these same environmental nasties can affect our pets too.
______35______57% of dogs exposed to higher pollution levels developed brain diseases and showed signs of neuro problems. In a more recent study from the journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, researchers found that cats with breathing problems were more likely to live in households with higher indoor air pollution.
Air purifiers have been brought into use in recent years. They work to remove harmful chemicals known as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other environmental pollutants from the air._____36_____But are they safe for pets How can we ensure that they aren’t harming our furry friends
_____37_____The physical safety of using a mechanical device around pets is what we have to pay attention to. Air purifiers come in various shapes and sizes, from small desk-top units to large, free-standing models. In terms of physical harm, there is an existing risk of our pet becoming trapped in the electrical wire of our air purifier. Air purifiers are designed to be used in the home around children and their internal mechanisms should also be safe from small tails of our pets and other parts of their bodies. ______38______
Whether the air purifier improves or damages the health of our animals is also something we have to consider. The air purifiers are safe for pets, but only if they do not produce any ozone (臭氧) byproduct.____39____We should always stay away from the ones that produce even minimal quantities. We are always on the safe side by picking a standard air purifier with the classic 3-stage filtration (过滤) system of a pre-filter, HEPA filter and carbon activated filter.
Picking the wrong air purifier type can quickly make things worse for our pets. On the other hand, picking the correct air purifier can lead to a big increase in the quality of life for them.
A. At present many homes are equipped with these useful devices.
B. Before buying an air purifier, we should keep two aspects in mind.
C. Pet owners always pay close attention to the physical health of their pets.
D. Even the smallest pets shouldn’t be able to access the insides of air purifiers.
E. This greatly depends on the type of air purifier and air cleaning technology used.
F. So always check the product specifications and try to find a model that does not produce any carbon monoxide.
G. A 2008 study published in Brain and Cognition showed that dogs’ brains were negatively affected by the heavy pollution levels.
第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40至41题每小题2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Every year more of us try and reduce our impact on the planet. A refill shop, or zero waste shop, gives you a choice to go green.
Refill shops tend to be small, independent stores that sell non-packaged goods. Most of the time they will be dry ones like rice and nuts produced directly in the local sites, which means less carbon footprint from farm to plate. They can also be many other sustainable (可持续的) products, like refill cleaning products and soaps. Shoppers only need to bring containers they already own and refill them from larger containers in the store.
Refill and zero-waste shops are usually located in communities. Buying from within walking distance, clearly, is more sustainable and kinder to the planet, and your community. If you’re walking down the street to your local refill shop, then you’re doing great but if you’re driving hours away to find your closest shop, then the transport may cancel out any benefits of what you buy. Remember, it’s the whole process not just the end product.
Perhaps the most significant aspect of shopping at local refill shops is that they encourage us to think about our consumer habits. They make us pause and think about how we can make positive changes for the environment.
If you can shop local and from independent refill shops, then you should. It doesn’t have to be all the time but minimising waste and choosing refills where you can will make a positive difference.
40. What are refill shops
41. According to the passage, what is the most important value of refill shopping
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Refill shops are built in communities within walking distance because driving to these shops can cost money.
43. In reality, refill shops have not won much popularity yet. What do you think might be the possible reason(s) (In about 40 words)
第二节(20分)
44. 你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以“The Person I Admire Most”或“My Role Model”为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1. 该人物是谁；
2. 该人物的主要贡献；
3. 该人物对你的影响。
注意：词数不少于100。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. C 10. B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在Ben告知即将搬走的时候回忆起了他们的友情是如何建立的，并且相信即使不在一起了，也没有什么能打破他们友谊的纽带。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：敲窗的方式是我们的紧急呼叫，但这并不意味着什么好事。A. sound声音；B. pattern模式，方式；C. number数字；D. symbol象征。根据上文“Knock, knock. Then a three-second pause. Knock, knock.”可知，此处是指敲窗的方式是作者和朋友之间的紧急呼叫。故选B。
【2题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他意味深长地看了我一眼，我立刻明白了这是什么意思。A. playful有趣的，爱玩的；B. grateful感激的；C. cheerful令人愉快的；D. meaningful有意义的，意味深长的。根据下文“I immediately knew what it was”可知，此处是指朋友Ben给了作者一个意味深长的表情。故选D。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我心头一沉。A. failed失败；B. softened软化，使……变软；C. sank下沉；D. relieved解除，减轻，缓和。根据下文““Where to ” I asked.”可知，Ben要搬走了，作者听了此消息后很难过，因此心头一沉。故选C。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一开始，我讨厌佛罗里达。A. hated讨厌；B. missed想念，错过；C. explored探索；D. appreciated感激，欣赏。根据下文作者和Ben成为好朋友和“Everything changed, though”推知，在和Ben成为朋友前作者讨厌弗罗里达州，因为他常常随父母搬家，所以没有朋友。故选A。
【5题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我意外走进Ben的柠檬水摊时，一切都变了。A. gradually逐渐；B. narrowly勉强地，仔细地；C. constantly不断地，一直；D. accidentally意外地。结合常识和下文“It must have been fate!”可知，作者滑进Ben的柠檬水摊是一个意外，因此他们才会觉得这是命中注定。故选D。
【6题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我想，也许那柠檬水有某种魔力，当它落在我们身上时，它就像施了魔法，让我们成为永远的朋友。A. sign标志，迹象；B. magic魔法，魔术；C. flavour风味；D. wish愿望。根据下文“as it rained down on us, it cast a spell making us friends forever.”推知，作者认为柠檬水有魔力，它让自己和Ben成了好朋友。且下文的“it was a drop of magic lemonade”也是提示。故选B。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然看起来很悲伤，但我也在他身上看到了希望。 A. hope希望；B. joy快乐；C. courage勇气；D. support支持。呼应上文“I knew the chance was low, but I chose to hope.”可知，此处指Ben虽然看起来悲伤，但也对他们的友谊充满了希望。故选A。
【8题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我会为你准备好柠檬水摊。A. necessary必要的；B. convenient方便的；C. ready准备好的，现成的；D. useful有用的。根据下文“Then I’ll pack my roller-skates.”可知，此处是指Ben在临走前为作者准备好柠檬水摊，因为这是他们友谊开始的地方。故选C。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都笑了。A. struggled挣扎，努力，奋斗；B. argued争论；C. laughed笑；D. compromised妥协，互让。根据上文““I’ll have a lemonade stand ____8____ for you.” “Then I’ll pack my roller-skates.” “Then I’ll wear a poncho (雨披).””可知，他们聊了一些开心的事情，这些事情表明他们的友谊会继续，因此两人都笑了。故选C。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道可能是下雨了，但我仍然认为，也许，这是一滴神奇的柠檬水，因为地球上没有什么能打破我们之间的联系。A. rule规则；B. bond纽带，联系；C. barrier障碍；D. balance平衡。根据上文“it cast a spell making us friends forever.”可知，作者和Ben是永远的好朋友，因此作者认为没有什么能打破他们之间的联系，更何况还有神奇的“柠檬水”。故选B。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
【答案】11. for
12. had learned
13. quickly
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要陈述了Emma路上救人的故事。
【11题详解】
考查介词。句意：她环顾四周，看到一个小男孩在人行道上喘着气，他的母亲吓坏了，在乞求帮助。根据空前的begging可知，此处使用介词for，beg for“乞求”，为固定短语。故填for。
【12题详解】
考查时态。句意：幸运的是，艾玛在学校学会了海姆利克急救法。根据句意及空前的was可知，此处使用过去完成时，故动词learn“学会”用had learned形式，构成过去完成时。故填had learned。
【13题详解】
考查副词。句意：她行动迅速。分析句子结构可知，本空填副词quickly“迅速地”，作状语，修饰动词acted。故填quickly。
【答案】14. has come
15. amazing
16. what 17. where
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。本文介绍了于2022年9月23日至10月8日在浙江省杭州市和其他五个城市举办的第19届亚洲运动会，这是一场最令人惊叹的体育盛会，有15项世界纪录被打破。
【14题详解】
考查动词。句意：第19届亚运会于9月23日至10月8日在杭州和浙江其他五个城市举行，近日落下帷幕。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中recently为现在完成时时间标志。故填has come。
【15题详解】
考查形容词。句意：毫无疑问，这是今年最令人惊叹的体育赛事，有15项世界纪录被打破。分析句子，设空处使用amaze的形容词amazing作定语，修饰名词sporting event，意为“令人惊叹的”。故填amazing。
【16题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：此外，更引人注目的是，“绿色奥运”已经成为它的一张名片。分析句子，设空处引导的是主语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，意为“什么”用what。故填what。
【17题详解】
考查定语从句或状语从句。句意：例如，在举办奥运会的六个城市，数字技术被用于管理场馆的碳排放/例如，在奥运会举办期间，数字技术被用于管理六个城市场馆的碳排放。分析句子，设空处引导的是定语从句，引导词在从句中作地点状语，表示“在六个城市中”用where。故填where。
【答案】18. known
19. that##which
20. are produced
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了第26届联合国气候变化缔约方会议的主要目标。
【18题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：被称为“第26届联合国气候变化缔约方会议”的COP26是各国政府为保护环境而举行的一系列会议中最新的一次。短语be known as表示“被称为”，此处为过去分词作定语，故填known。
【19题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：它的主要目标是采取措施应对气候变化——与人类活动（包括农业、工业和交通）有关的世界天气模式的长期变化。定语从句修饰先行词patterns，在从句作主语，指物，故填that/which。
【20题详解】
考查主谓一致和时态语态。句意：这些活动产生的二氧化碳等气体将热量困在地球大气中，导致气温上升，导致极端洪水、热浪和风暴。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Gases，先行词在从句作主语，与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填are produced。
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A
【分析】这是一篇应用文。为庆祝世界海洋日，《少年周刊》举办了一场绘画比赛，本文就比赛的方式、作品要求、奖品等做了说明。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“In celebration of World Ocean Day on 8 June, The Week Junior is running a competition to create an awesome poster featuring some of the world’s coolest sea creatures, and your artwork could be part of it!(为了庆祝6月8日的世界海洋日，《少年周刊》正在举办一场比赛，制作一张精美的海报，展示世界上一些最酷的海洋生物，你的作品可能会成为其中的一部分！)”可知，这次的绘画比赛是为了庆祝世界海洋日。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据What you could win段落下的“Each winner will also receive a paint brush set worth over 80, which will be delivered to you.(每位获胜者还将收到价值超过80英镑的画笔套装，并将通过快递的方式送达)”可知，参赛的获胜者将会收到快递过去的奖品。故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据Terms and conditions段落下的“The Week Junior will not share your personal details with third parties. The Week Junior will only use personal details to contact the competition winners.(《少年周刊》不会与第三方分享您的个人信息，个人详细信息仅用于联系竞赛优胜者)”可知，《少年周刊》对参赛者的隐私负责。故选A。
【答案】24. D 25. C 26. B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了对于患有自病症的6岁孩子杰克逊来说，理发是一件很困难的事情。理发师Ree把艰难的一天变成了一场特殊的比赛。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中““And we forgot his headphones. We were running late, traffic was horrible, so I knew it was going to be difficult that day.””（我们忘了他的耳机。我们要迟到了，交通状况很糟糕，所以我知道那天会很困难。”）以及第三段““He just immediately got anxious,” Erinna explained. “Usually I have to do some coaching to get him in the chair. He will put on his headphones, and we power through.””（“他立刻变得焦虑起来，”Erinna解释道。“通常我必须做一些指导才能让他坐在椅子上。他会戴上耳机，然后我们就接通了。”）可知，通常耳机能帮助杰克逊在理发时冷静下来。故选D项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Ree noticed his Super Mario Bros shirt and told him that he needed to save Mario by making sure no hair got on him. She cut his hair while he moved and ran around the shop. She talked to him throughout the entire process, encouraging him and reminding him about protecting Mario to keep him engaged.”（Ree注意到他的超级马里奥兄弟衬衫，并告诉他，他需要拯救马里奥，确保他没有头发。他在店里跑来跑去的时候，她给他剪了头发。在整个过程中，她都在与他交谈，鼓励他并提醒他要保护马里奥，让他保持专注。）可知，Ree把理发变成一场保护马里奥的游戏，成功地剪掉杰克逊的头发。故选C项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“Ree noticed his Super Mario Bros shirt and told him that he needed to save Mario by making sure no hair got on him. She cut his hair while he moved and ran around the shop. She talked to him throughout the entire process, encouraging him and reminding him about protecting Mario to keep him engaged.”（Ree注意到他的超级马里奥兄弟衬衫，并告诉他，他需要拯救马里奥，确保他没有头发。他在店里跑来跑去的时候，她给他剪了头发。在整个过程中，她都在与他交谈，鼓励他并提醒他要保护马里奥，让他保持专注。）以及第七段““I feel good I can go above and beyond for a child,” Ree said. “I know children want to be free. They want to express themselves so I try to find a different strategy to make them feel comfortable.””（“我感觉很好，我可以为一个孩子做得更好，”里说。“我知道孩子们想要自由。他们想要表达自己，所以我试着找到一种不同的策略，让他们感觉舒服。”）可知，Ree为跑来跑去并患有自闭症的孩子理发，说明她很有耐心；Ree用游戏的方式并尝试用不同的策略为孩子理发，说明她具有创造性。故选B项。
【答案】27. C 28. A 29. C 30. D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。商店老板一直在发明新招数，让消费者进入他们的商店，购买他们的商品。文章介绍了是哪些因素促使消费者消费。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中Normally, the prefrontal cortex ( 前额皮层 ) controls our emotional reactions to things, and keeps us from acting unreasonably by calming down our fears. But an advertiser can disturb our prefrontal cortex just by displaying flashy deal signs, encouraging it to do math on how much money we might save now by buying more of something we don’t actually need yet.正常情况下，前额叶皮层控制我们对事物的情绪反应，并通过平复我们的恐惧来阻止我们做出不合理的行为。但是广告商可以通过展示华而不实的交易标志来干扰我们的前额叶皮层，鼓励它计算一下，如果我们现在多买一些我们实际上还不需要的东西，可以省下多少钱。由此可推断华而不实的交易标志会干扰消费者的前额叶皮层，可能会让消费者充满恐惧。故选C项。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中Nostalgia, that regretful affection for past events, is another strong influencer during the holiday season, and it’s shaped by emotion. 怀旧，即对过去事件的遗憾情感，是假期期间另一个强大的影响因素，它是由情感塑造的。由此判断出，营造节日气氛对消费者有作用。故选A项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中The holidays are a time when we are especially conditioned to pay more for the label because we’re buying gifts. Receiving a brand-name gift sends the message that “this person has spent more on me, so he or she must value me more.”节日期间，我们特别习惯于为品牌多花钱，因为我们要买礼物。收到一件名牌礼物会传递这样的信息：“这个人在我身上花了更多的钱，所以他或她一定更看重我。”可知，我们要在节日期间买名牌礼物是因为名牌礼物会让人们感到自己被重视。故选C项。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中Plan ahead, resist the urge to purchase in the moment, make notes for comparison shopping, and if the deal is actually good, then it will hold up to inspection and you’ll feel good about your purchases later. 提前计划，抵制一时的冲动，为比较购物做笔记，如果交易真的很好，那么它将经得起检验，你以后会对你买的东西感觉很好。可知，为了避免超支，作者建议我们提前制定计划。故选D项。
【答案】31. B 32. C 33. D 34. D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了自动化和就业替代将是未来几十年全球经济面临的最重大挑战之一，而要应对这一趋势，当务之急是提高自身技能，尤其是跨部门跳槽所需的广泛技能。文章说明了再培训项目存在的问题，指出除了气候变化，自动化可以说是科技面临的最大挑战。就像全球化一样，政府和雇主——以及美国工人——忽视了全球化对我们自身的潜在影响。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中Recent research suggests that the answer to this may be that the skills that enable workers to move up the ladder to more complex roles within their current areas might be less important than broader skills that will enable workers to change across divisions.可知最近的研究表明，这个问题的答案可能是，使工人能够在其目前的领域内晋升到更复杂的角色的技能，可能不如使工人能够跨部门转换的更广泛的技能重要。由此可知，广泛的技能在换工作中是非常重要的。故选B。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中In the UK, the National Retraining Scheme has largely been led by employers, meaning that those on zero-hours contracts and part-time workers—often low-skilled—will miss out.可知在英国，国家再培训计划在很大程度上是由雇主主导的，这意味着那些签订零时合同的人和兼职工人——往往技能低下——将会错过机会。由此可推知，作者对再培训计划持怀疑态度。故选C。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中The global impact of automation is also put into relief by research demonstrating that, between 1988 and 2015, income inequality increased throughout the world.可知研究表明，1988年至2015年期间，世界各地的收入不平等现象加剧，这也让自动化对全球的影响得到了缓解。由此可推知，作者认为自动化的一个后果是收入不平等加剧。故选D。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章标题Upskilling is the future—but it must work for everyone(技能提升是未来的趋势，但它必须适用于每个人)结合文章主要说明了自动化和就业替代将是未来几十年全球经济面临的最重大挑战之一，而要应对这一趋势，当务之急是提高自身技能，尤其是跨部门跳槽所需的广泛技能。文章说明了再培训项目存在的问题，指出除了气候变化，自动化可以说是科技面临的最大挑战。就像全球化一样，政府和雇主——以及工人——忽视了全球化对我们自身的潜在影响。由此可推知，这篇文章是为了强调提高工人技能的重要性。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
【答案】35. G 36. A 37. B 38. D 39. E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，宠物的健康对所有宠物主人来说都非常重要，比如有呼吸问题的猫更可能生活在室内空气污染较高的家庭中，因此选择一款适当的空气净化器很重要，文章就如何确保空气净化器不会伤害我们的宠物做出了说明。
【35题详解】
由下文“57% of dogs exposed to higher pollution levels developed brain diseases and showed signs of neuro problems. (57%的狗暴露在高污染水平下，会患上脑部疾病，并表现出神经问题的迹象)”可知，G选项“2008年发表在《大脑与认知》杂志上的一项研究表明，狗的大脑受到严重污染水平的负面影响。”引出高污染对狗大脑的负面影响，承接下文讲狗因高污染会出现脑部疾病问题。故选G项。
【36题详解】
由上文“Air purifiers have been brought into use in recent years. (空气净化器近年来已投入使用)”和下文“But are they safe for pets How can we ensure that they aren’t harming our furry friends (但是它们对宠物安全吗？我们如何确保它们不会伤害我们毛茸茸的朋友？)”可知，在空气净化器已投入使用的前提下，人们开始思考它们对于宠物是否安全，说明有些家庭已经使用了这种有用的设备——空气净化器，才会提出下文的疑问，承接上下文，A选项“目前许多家庭都配备了这些有用的设备。”切题。故选A项。
【37题详解】
由上文“But are they safe for pets How can we ensure that they aren’t harming our furry friends (但是它们对宠物安全吗？我们如何确保它们不会伤害我们毛茸茸的朋友？)”，下文第四段“The physical safety of using a mechanical device around pets is what we have to pay attention to. (在宠物周围使用机械设备的身体安全是我们必须注意的)”和第五段“Whether the air purifier improves or damages the health of our animals is also something we have to consider. (空气净化器是否改善或损害动物的健康也是我们必须考虑的问题)”可知，下文就上文提到的空气净化器对于宠物是否安全的问题，下文从两个方面入手，确保人们买到合适的空气净化器，承接上下文，B选项“在购买空气净化器之前，我们应该记住两个方面。”切题。故选B项。
【38题详解】
由上文“In terms of physical harm, there is an existing risk of our pet becoming trapped in the electrical wire of our air purifier. Air purifiers are designed to be used in the home around children and their internal mechanisms should also be safe from small tails of our pets and other parts of their bodies. (就身体伤害而言，我们的宠物存在被困在空气净化器电线中的风险。空气净化器设计用于有儿童的家庭，其内部机制也应安全，不受我们宠物的小尾巴及其身体其他部位的影响)”可知，空气净化器对宠物有危险，但用于儿童家庭的空气净化器是安全的，不会伤害宠物的小尾巴及其身体其他部位，所以最小的宠物也能免受进入空气净化器的伤害，承接上文，D选项“即使是最小的宠物也不能进入空气净化器的内部。”切题。故选D项。
【39题详解】
由上文“Whether the air purifier improves or damages the health of our animals is also something we have to consider. The air purifiers are safe for pets, but only if they do not produce any ozone (臭氧) byproduct. (空气净化器是否改善或损害动物的健康也是我们必须考虑的问题。空气净化器对宠物是安全的，但前提是它们不会产生任何臭氧副产品)”，下文“We are always on the safe side by picking a standard air purifier with the classic 3-stage filtration (过滤) system of a pre-filter, HEPA filter and carbon activated filter. (我们总是出于安全考虑，选择了一款标准的空气净化器，该净化器采用经典的三级过滤系统，包括前置过滤器、高效空气过滤器和碳活性过滤器)”和最后一段“Picking the wrong air purifier type can quickly make things worse for our pets. On the other hand, picking the correct air purifier can lead to a big increase in the quality of life for them. (选择错误的空气净化器类型会很快让我们的宠物变得更糟。另一方面，选择正确的空气净化器可以大大提高他们的生活质量)”可知，空气净化器是否改善或损害动物的健康与空气净化器的空气净化技术和类型相关，承接上下文，E选项“这在很大程度上取决于空气净化器的类型和使用的空气净化技术。”切题，This指代上文“The air purifiers are safe for pets, but only if they do not produce any ozone (臭氧) byproduct”。故选E项。
第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40至41题每小题2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
答案】40. Refill shops are small, independent stores that sell non-packaged goods.
41. The most important value of refill shopping is that it encourages us to think about our consumer habits.
42. According to the passage, refill shops are built in communities within walking distance because walking to refill shops is environmentally-friendly.
43. 言之有理即可。
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了零浪费商店为环保所做出的努力。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Refill shops tend to be small, independent stores that sell non-packaged goods.(零浪费商店往往规模较小，出售非包装商品的独立商店。)”可知，零浪费商店是出售非包装商品的小型独立商店。故答案为Refill shops are small, independent stores that sell non-packaged goods.
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Perhaps the most significant aspect of shopping at local refill shops is that they encourage us to think about our consumer habits.(或许，在本地零浪费商店购物最重要的方面是，它们鼓励我们思考自己的消费习惯。)”可知，零浪费购物最重要的价值在于它鼓励我们去思考我们的消费习惯。故答案为The most important value of refill shopping is that it encourages us to think about our consumer habits.
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Refill and zero-waste shops are usually located in communities. Buying from within walking distance, clearly, is more sustainable and kinder to the planet, and your community.(零浪费商店通常位于社区。很明显，在步行距离内购买更可持续，对地球和你的社区更友善。)”可知，零浪费商店建在社区内步行，因为步行去商店是环保的。故答案为According to the passage, refill shops are built in communities within walking distance because walking to refill shops is environmentally-friendly.
【43题详解】
开放题。本题是分析零浪费商店还没有赢得多少人气的原因。言之有理即可。参考答案为Refill shops have not won much popularity yet, because the goods which refill shops sell are not rich enough and can't meet customer's demands. It may not be convenient for some elderly people to shop in such stores.
第二节(20分)
44. 【答案】
The person I admire most
The person I admire most is Helen Keller. I came across a book entitled Three Days to See by Helen Keller five years ago. I learned from the book that she was stricken blind and deaf but she didn’t bow to destiny. Instead, she tried to live life to the full. She even helped other people with a disability as a social activist. She devoted herself to raising funds for the American Foundation for the Blind. What she says and does has a great influence on me. Whenever I encounter difficulties, her spirit will encourage me and help me cheer up. It is Helen Keller who has made me what I am today and influences me all the time.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就以“我最敬佩的人”或“我的榜样”为题，写一篇短文参赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
遇到：come across→ run into
命运：destiny→ fate
帮助：help→ assist
对某人有很大影响：have a great influence on sb.→ have a great impact on sb.
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句/同义句转换/合并简单句
原句：I came across a book entitled Three Days to See by Helen Keller five years ago.
拓展句：I came across a book whose title is Three Days to See by Helen Keller five years ago.
【点睛】【高分句型1】What she says and does has a great influence on me.（运用了What引导的主语从句）
【高分句型2】It is Helen Keller who has made me what I am today and influences me all the time.（运用了“it is ...who”强调句型和what引导的宾语从句）
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