2023-2024北京一六六中高二（上）期中英语（含解析）
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2023北京一六六中高二（上）期中
英 语
(时长: 90分钟)
考查目标
知识: 选择性必修一Unit 1至Unit 4的词汇、语法 能力: 阅读能力、写作能力
第一部分:知识运用(共两节,30分)
第一节:完型填空(共10题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In 2007, Whitmore was considered one of the most successful athletes in America. However, everything changed during a triathlon (三项全能) that seemed like so many others she had ___1___ . “Once I got off the bike and began the running portion, it was hard to pick up my legs. I knew something wasn`t right.” Whitmore tells Reader`s Digest, “I didn`t have any symptoms (症状) as long as I wasn`t running. But every time I tried again the muscles were super tight.” Assuming she`d simply ___2___ herself too hard in the last race, Whitmore shrugged off the pain.
It wasn`t until a ___3___ night at a sports camp in Arizona that Whitmore says she knew something was ___4___ wrong. Then she went to hospital. After examination, she was quickly ___5___ . What doctors found during surgery shocked them all: Whitmore had spindle cell sarcoma (梭形细胞肉瘤). When she heard the diagnosis for the first time, Whitmore says time stood ___6___ . “I couldn`t breathe. They were talking about treatment and I just started crying and saying ‘I don’t want to die!’” Waking up after the surgery, she was even more shocked to find out she, a/an ___7___ athlete, wouldn`t have the use of her leg anymore from the knee down.
Whitmore now had drop foot and had to learn to walk again with the help of a physical therapist (治疗学家). In the following days, Whitmore endured a punishing two-month ___8___ , after which her scans were coming back clear of cancer. To her joy, she was pregnant with twins. Now, she is a mother of two sons and competing again, and has won a gold medal in the Paralympics. Whitmore has some words of advice for others with ___9___ : “Never let anyone tell you what you can and cannot do. You have to ____10____ yourself.”
1. A. conquered B. liked C. attempted D. watched
2. A. pulled B. pushed C. forced D. drawn
3. A. tiring B. dark C. hopeless D. sleepless
4. A. particularly B. slightly C. seriously D. merely
5. A. admitted B. defeated C. convinced D. observed
6. A. calm B. quiet C. unchanged D. still
7. A. amateur B. professional C. happy D. determined
8. A. recovery B. practice C. development D. operation
9. A. disadvantages B. troubles C. shortcomings D. limitations
10. A. live off B. set out C. find out D. insist on
第二节:语法填空(共10题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
A
阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Using a lower temperature ___11___ (draw) out the extract, she found a substance that worked. After ___12___ (fail) more than 190 times, the team finally succeeded in 1971. Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe. Later, the medicine ___13___ (test) on malaria patients, most of whom recovered. This medicine, ___14___ was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria.
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Today, we have to use ___15___ (switch) for our lights, knobs for our appliances, and remote controls for our TVs and air conditioners. In the future, we will be using ___16___ (advance) technology every day for automatic control of just about everything in our home. The future home will use integrated sensors to tell when you leave home each morning, and then go into an energy-efficient mode all ___17___ itself.
C
阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Along a great part of this track is the ___18___ (surprise) waterfalls which hikers pass by. These include Empress Falls. It is a wonderful waterfall in the Valley of the Waters. It ___19___ (go) down a series of rocks to a pool. These are stepping stones for hikers to cross the falls and some shady spots ___20___ tired travelers can rest.
第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,30分)
第一节(共10题;每小题2分,满分20分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
“Hearing loss is isolating and makes you feel invisible. To understand again is a miracle. Thank you Hearing Help. Express!” Joanne-Park City, UT.
Do you need lots of power packed into a small hearing aid with a budget friendly price Our Ranger-7600 hearing aid is packed with advanced American-Made electronics PLUS the extra power needed for those with moderate to serious hearing loss. Our Ranger-7600 significantly outshines other models in terms of technology and value. You get impressive sound quality, better hearing, and improved understanding. You buy direct from Hearing Help Express, owned by IntriCon, a Class III medical device company that develops, designs, and manufactures hearing aids for ENT’s and audiologists. This allows us to provide you with superior products at manufacturer-direct prices, saving you over 80% compared to local hearing aid stores. √Risk-Free 45-day home trial *SAVE $100 off original price! √FREE support from licensed professionals ONLY $399! (via phone, email and chat) *Understand conversations again! √Payment plans available *No more embarrassing squeal! √Free Shipping *Technology to reduce unwanted noise √By phone(Mon-Fri 8am-5pm) while increasing soft sounds! 1-888-847-1189 *Fingertip volume control! Order online: www. *Includes a telephone setting!
A credit card is required to start your Risk-Free trial. Your card WILL NOT be charged during trial.
21. What is the function of the device mentioned in the passage
A. To make users visible again. B. To help users understand a miracle.
C. To make users speak again. D. To help users communicate better.
22. Which of the following is NOT one of the features the product has
A. Direct buying from the manufacturer can be made.
B. Free support from licensed professionals is available.
C. It can replace a smartphone for daily communication.
D. Technology makes sound control easy and convenient.
23. If you want to start a home trial, you are supposed to____________.
A. buy the product in local hearing aid stores B. offer your credit card to start a risk-free trial
C. apply to the manufacturer for a telephone setting D. consult the company online about the discount
B
Success and Risk in Extreme Sports
What is it that drives some to take extreme risks, while the rest of us hurry for the safety of the sidelines
Lester Keller, sports-psychology expert, says that not everyone has the mental makeup to do well in extreme sports. He notes that most of us hit a natural ceiling that limits our appetite for extreme risk in tricky conditions. But others have a much higher tolerance for risk. Keller points to a top ski racer. He told Keller that “the high element of risk makes you feel alive, tests what you are made of and how far you can take yourself”. He said he would get nervous on some of the courses, but that this would just make him fight more.
Psychologists note that some people seem to have a strong desire for adrenaline(肾上腺素)rushes as a behavior seeking excited feelings. Like many extreme athletes, Emily Cook`s appetite for risk appeared at a young age. “I was a gymnast,” she said. “I was one of those kids who enjoyed and did well at anything where you were upside down.” As she started doing harder tricks, she was drawn to the challenge. “There are moments when you`re up there doing a new trick and it seems like an impossible thing. But overcoming that is just the coolest feeling in the world.”
Shane Murphy, sports professor, has worked with groups climbing Everest. “To me, that just seems like the height of risk,” he said. “But to them it was the next step in an activity that they`ve prepared for years.” Murphy said the view of extreme athletes is different from our own. “We look at a risky situation and know that if we were in that situation we would be out of control. But from the athletes` view, they have a lot of control, and there are many things that they do to minimize risk.”
Another aspect of risk perception(认知)may be something referred to as “the flow”, a state in which many athletes become absorbed in the acts that focus the mind completely on the present. “Something that makes you try doing a tougher climb than usual, perhaps, is that your adrenaline flows and you become very concentrated on what you`re doing,” Murphy says. “After it`s over, there`s great excitement.”
People of different skill levels experience the flow at different times. Some may always be driven to adventures that others consider extreme. “I can enjoy hitting a tennis ball around, because that`s my skill level,” Murphy says. “But others might need the challenge of Olympic competition.”
24. What does Shane Murphy think about the mountain climbers he mentions
A. They put in lots of preparation for challenges.
B. They are more fortunate than other sportspeople.
C. They carry little risk when facing big challenges.
D. They have special reasons that others can`t easily understand.
25. What main point is made in Paragraph 5
A. Extreme athletes use techniques other people don`t use.
B. Non-athletes are probably wise not to try extreme sports.
C. Most people lack the focus required to take bigger risks.
D. A certain state of mind makes attempting an activity more likely.
26. We can learn from the passage that ______.
A. risk-taking is something you either naturally do or avoid
B. those who take risks are more likely to be successful in life
C. extreme athletes are driven by a need to be better than others
D. taking part in extreme sports is not as difficult as people think
C
The new social robots, including Jibo, Cozmo, Kuri and Meccano M.A.X., bear some resemblance to assistants like Apple’s Siri, but these robots come with something more. They are designed to win us over not with their smarts but with their personality. They are sold as companions that do more than talk to us. Time magazine hailed (称赞) the robots that “could fundamentally reshape how we interact with machines.” But is reshaping how we interact with machines a good thing, especially for children
Some researchers in favor of the robots don’t see a problem with this. People have relationships with many kinds of things. Some say robots are just another thing with which we can have relationships. To support their argument, roboticists sometimes point to how children deal with toy dolls. Children animate (赋予…生命) dolls and turn them into imaginary friends. Jibo, in a sense, will be one more imaginary friend, and arguably a more intelligent and fun one.
Getting attached to dolls and sociable machines is different, though. Today’s robots tell children that they have emotions, friendships, even dreams to share. In reality, the whole goal of the robots is emotional trickery. For instance, Cozmo the robot needs to be fed, repaired and played with. Boris Sofman, the chief executive of Anki, the company behind Cozmo, says that the idea is to create “a deeper and deeper emotional connection ... And if you neglect him, you feel the pain of that.” What is the point of this, exactly What does it mean to feel the pain of neglecting something that feels no pain at being neglected, or to feel anger at being neglected by something that doesn’t even know it is neglecting you
This should not be our only concern. It is troubling that these robots try to empathize with children. Empathy allows us to put ourselves in the place of others, to know what they are feeling. Robots, however, have no emotions to share, and they cannot put themselves in our place. No matter what robotic creatures “say” or squeak, they don’t understand our emotional lives. They present themselves as empathy machines, but they are missing the essential equipment. They have not been born, they don’t know pain, or death, or fear. Robot thinking may be thinking, but robot feeling is never feeling, and robot love is never love.
What is also troubling is that children take robots’ behavior to indicate feelings. When the robots interact with them, children take this as evidence that the robots like them, and when robots don’t work when needed, children also take it personally. Their relationships with the robots affect their self-esteem (自尊). In one study, an 8-year-old boy concluded that the robot stopped talking to him because the robot liked his brothers better.
For so long, we dreamed of artificial intelligence offering us not only simple help but conversation and care. Now that our dream is becoming real, it is time to deal with the emotional downside of living with robots that “feel.”
27. How are the new social robots different from Siri
A. They are intended to teach children how to talk.
B. They are designed to attract people with their smarts.
C. Their main function is to evaluate children’s personality.
D. They have a new way to communicate with human beings.
28. In Paragraph 3 Cozmo is used as an example to show that the social robots ______.
A. are deeply connected with human beings
B. are unable to build a real relationship with children
C. are so advanced that they can feel the pain of human beings
D. are not good enough to carry out the instructions of children
29. The underlined phrase “essential equipment” in Paragraph 4 refers to ______.
A. emotion B. pain
C. fear D. thinking
30. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage
I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion
A. B.
C. D.
第二节(共5题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The teenage years are probably the most unsettled and stressful years in a person’s life. Teens experience significant physical, emotional, social and cognitive changes. And teens of today face more challenges as they go through more uncertain times of the 21st century. ____31____
As teens experience massive physical, social and emotional changes, the challenges are managing social expectations of ideal body images, developing their identity and finding their place in the world. In the past, a teen who was criticized for his or her larger figure or pimpled (有粉刺的) face, might feel embarrassed and dejected in school. ____32____ Constant comparison and endless posts of picture — perfect images and lives give teens greater pressure to follow current fashion trends. The Wall Street Journal reported that Instagram made body images worse for one in three teenage girls.
____33____ Statistics show that most cases of cyber bullying take place on popular social media sites such as Facebook, Instagram, Snapchats and Twitter, where cyber bullies make emotionally scarring comments. These can be made publicly on a teen’s social media account. ____34____ As a result, cyber bullying can be more threatening than traditional bullying because it can be shared and viewed repeatedly on social media. In this age of social media, it is also important for teens to learn to cultivate positive, and healthy relationships with people.
There have been many discussions about new technologies and ways of working, such as artificial intelligence (AI) and automation, which will impact future jobs. ____35____. Unlike in the past, the situation is different today as AI and automation are causing some jobs to disappear. Teens will have to meet this challenge by adopting an attitude of lifelong learning, and keeping paces with technology.
A. They can also be spread quickly by sharing with others.
B. Furthermore, social media has taken bullying to a new level.
C. The future has always been a dreamland for teens to anticipate.
D. Today, these same sufferings can be expanded by social media.
E. Social media, and technological advances are posing new challenges.
F. Additionally, social media is a strong tool for a teen to defend himself.
G. The challenge for a teen today is preparing for a largely unknown future.
第三部分:书面表达(共三节,40分)
第一节:(共16题;每小题0.5分,满分8分)
根据句子语境，选用方框中单词填空。
academy objective evaluate encounter secure routine
36. These smart homes will keep us ________, save us energy, and provide a more comfortable environment to live in.
37. Your home will also learn your daily ________and preferences, so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening.
38. In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the________ of discovering a new treatment for malaria.
39. Her team examined over 2,000 old medical texts, and ________280,000 plants for their medical properties.
40. All incoming students at the ________are required to take a college writing class in their first term.
41. In fact, Einstein often ________people on the street who would stop him and ask him to help explain things.
根据句子语境，选用方框中单词填空。
critical advocate prospect adopt stretch
42. I am not a Sami, but in Sarek I`ve ________some of their habits.
43. The Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park was set up in Jilin and Heilongjiang, with boundaries ________ all the way to the border and joining with Russia`s wildlife reserves.
44. The Amish people ________a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community.
45. Of course, when new technology changes the way we live, it can be a scary________.
46. They can warn you early on if there is something abnormal or if you have a ________ illness, such as cancer, and potentially save your life.
根据句子语境，选用方框中单词填空。
enormous demonstrate interaction break down ultimately
47. In Japan, it may ________respect to look down when talking to an older person.
48. She hopes to build bridges and ________misunderstandings between different cultures.
49.We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our________with other people.
50. ________, my duty is helping every student to learn.
51. Disneyland also has many exciting rides to amuse you, from ________swinging ships to scary fall drops.
第二节:阅读表达(共4小题12分;第52、53题各2分,第54题3分,第55题5分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
In life, once on a path, we tend to follow it, for better or worse. What’s sad is that even if it’s the latter, we often follow a certain path anyway because we are so used to the way things are that we don’t even recognize that they could be different. Psychologists call this phenomenon functional fixedness.
This classic experiment will give you an idea of how it works — and a sense of whether you may have fallen into the same trap:
People are given a box of tacks (大头钉) and some matches and asked to find a way to attach a candle to a wall so that it burns properly. Typically, the subjects try tacking the candle to the wall or lighting it to fix it with melted wax (石蜡). The tacks are too short, and the candle doesn’t fasten to the wall. So how can you accomplish the task The successful technique is to use the tack box as a candle holder. You empty it, tack it to the wall, and stand the candle inside it.
To think of that, you have to look beyond the box’s usual role as a container just for tacks and reimagine it serving an entirely new purpose. That is difficult because we all suffer — to one degree or another — from functional fixedness. The inability to think in new ways affects people in every corner of society. The political theorist Hannah Arend coined the phrase frozen thoughts to describe deeply held ideas that we no longer question but should. In Arendt’s eyes, the complacent reliance on such accepted “truths” also made people blind to ideas that didn’t fit their worldview, even when there was ample evidence for them. Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence, she said, “It can be found in highly intelligent people.”
Another context in which frozen thinking can turn truly dangerous is medicine. If you land in the hospital, it’s natural to want to be treated by the most experienced physicians on staff. But according to a 2014 study in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), you’d be better off being treated by the relative novices.
52. What does “functional fixedness” mean
53. How is the candle attached to the wall
54. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Frozen thinking is common among ordinary people but less found in those with high IQ.
55. How can you avoid frozen thoughts in your daily life (In about 40 words)
第三节: 书面表达(共1小题, 20分)
56. 假设你是红星中学的高二学生李华，你的英国笔友 David计划11月来北京旅行，请你推荐适合他游玩的公园。请给他回一封邮件。内容包括：
1. 推荐一个公园；
2. 推荐理由；
3. 游览建议。
注意：
(1)词数 100 左右(开头和结尾均已给出，不计入总词数)；
(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear David,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
第一部分:知识运用(共两节,30分)
第一节:完型填空(共10题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国运动员惠特莫尔在一次三项全能比赛后发现自己患上了梭形细胞肉瘤，她勇敢地面对疾病和治疗，最终赢得了残奥会金牌并成为两个孩子的母亲的故事。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在一次铁人三项比赛中，一切都改变了，这次比赛看起来就像她征服了许多其他比赛一样。A. conquered征服；B. liked喜欢；C. attempted尝试；D. watched观看。根据上文“In 2007, Whitmore was considered one of the most successful athletes in America.”可知，惠特莫尔非常成功，所以她征服过很多次三项全能比赛。故选A。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：惠特莫尔认为她只是在最后一场比赛中把自己逼得太紧了，她对这种痛苦不以为然。A. pulled拉；B. pushed推；C. forced强迫；D. drawn画画。push oneself too hard把自己逼得太紧。根据上文“Whitmore shrugged off the pain.”可知，惠特莫尔认为自己在最后一场比赛中把自己逼得太紧造成的。故选B。
【3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：惠特莫尔说，直到在亚利桑那州的一个体育营度过了一个不眠之夜，她才知道事情出了严重的问题。A. tiring累人的；B. dark黑暗的；C. hopeless无望的；D. sleepless不眠的。根据下文“she knew something was ___4___ wrong.”可知，出现了严重问题，肯定是一个不眠之夜。故选D。
【4题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：惠特莫尔说，直到在亚利桑那州的一个体育营度过了一个不眠之夜，她才知道事情出了严重的问题。A. particularly特别地；B. slightly稍微；C. seriously严重地；D. merely仅仅。根据下文“Then she went to hospital. After examination, she was quickly ___5___ . What doctors found during surgery shocked them all: Whitmore had spindle cell sarcoma (梭形细胞肉瘤).”可知，惠特莫尔意识到自己病情的严重性。故选C。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过检查，她很快就住院治疗了。A. admitted承认；收治；B. defeated打败；C. convinced使相信；D. observed观察。根据下文“What doctors found during surgery shocked them all: Whitmore had spindle cell sarcoma (梭形细胞肉瘤).”可知，病情严重，所以住院治疗。故选A。
【6题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：惠特莫尔说，当她第一次听到诊断结果时，时间静止了。A. calm冷静的；B. quiet安静的；C. unchanged不变的；D. still静止的。根据上文““I couldn`t breathe. They were talking about treatment and I just started crying and saying ‘I don’t want to die!’””可知，惠特莫尔听说自己的病情后，感到震惊，时间似乎静止了。故选D。
【7题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：手术后醒来时，她更震惊地发现，作为一名职业运动员，她的腿从膝盖以下再也不能使用了。A. amateur业余的；B. professional专业的；C. happy高兴的；D. determined有决心的。根据上文“In 2007, Whitmore was considered one of the most successful athletes in America.”可知，惠特莫尔是一名专业运动员。故选B。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几天里，惠特莫尔经历了两个月的恢复期，之后她的扫描结果显示没有癌症。A. recovery恢复；B. practice练习；C. development发展；D. operation手术。根据上文“Whitmore now had drop foot and had to learn to walk again with the help of a physical therapist (治疗学家).”可知，惠特莫尔经历了两个月的康复治疗。故选A。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：惠特莫尔对那些有困难的人有一些忠告：“永远不要让任何人告诉你什么能做，什么不能做。你必须坚持自己。”A. disadvantages缺点；B. troubles困难；C. shortcomings缺点；D. limitations限制。根据下文“Never let anyone tell you what you can and cannot do. You have to ___10___ yourself.””可知，惠特莫尔是对于遇到困难的人的建议。故选B。
【10题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：惠特莫尔对那些有困难的人有一些忠告：“永远不要让任何人告诉你什么能做，什么不能做。你必须坚持自己。”A. live off以……为生；B. set out出发；C. find out发现；D. insist on坚持。根据上文“Never let anyone tell you what you can and cannot do.”可知，遇到问题，必须坚持自己。故选D。
第二节:语法填空(共10题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
【答案】11. to draw
12. failing
13. was tested
14. which
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了屠呦呦及其团队在研发抗疟药物过程中的艰辛历程。
【11题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：用较低的温度提取提取物，她发现了一种有效的物质。句中用不定式作目的状语。故填to draw。
【12题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在失败了190多次之后，这支球队终于在1971年取得了成功。介词after之后用动词-ing 形式作宾语。故填failing。
【13题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：后来，这种药物在疟疾患者身上进行了测试，其中大多数人都康复了。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。主语the medicine与test之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was tested。
【14题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这种药物被称为青蒿素，很快成为治疗疟疾的标准药物。分析句子结构可知，这里为非限制性定语从句，先行词为 this medicine，指物，从句缺少主语，关系词用which。故填which。
【答案】15. switches
16. advanced
17. by
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了未来智能家居的发展趋势，将会使用先进的技术实现自动控制，集成传感器在人们离家后进入节能模式，无需手动开关家电。
【15题详解】
考查名词。句意：今天，我们用开关来开灯，用旋钮来开电器，用遥控器来控制电视和空调。此处作宾语，应用名词switch“开关”，可数名词，前无限定词，应用复数形式，表泛指。故填switches。
【16题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在未来，我们将每天使用先进的技术来自动控制我们家里的一切。此处修饰名词technology，应用形容词advanced“先进的”，作定语。故填advanced。
【17题详解】
考查介词。句意：未来的家庭将使用集成传感器来告诉你每天早上什么时候离开家，然后自动进入节能模式。固定搭配by oneself“独自地，单独”。故填by。
【答案】18. surprising
19. goes 20. where
【导语】本文一篇说明文。文章介绍山路沿途令人惊叹的瀑布。
【18题详解】
考查形容词。句意：沿着这条小径的大部分是徒步旅行者经过的令人惊讶的瀑布。名词waterfalls前用形容词修饰。修饰物，用-ing形式形容词。故填surprising。
【19题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它沿着一系列的岩石延伸到一个游泳池。描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是It，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填goes。
【20题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这些是徒步旅行者穿越瀑布的垫脚石，也有一些阴凉的地方供疲惫的旅行者休息。先行词是spots，表示地点，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。
第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,30分)
第一节(共10题;每小题2分,满分20分)
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则助听器的广告，主要介绍了这种助听器的优点和价格等信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Hearing loss is isolating and makes you feel invisible. To understand again is a miracle.(听力损失是孤立的，让你觉得自己被忽视了。重新理解是一个奇迹)”以及第三段“You get impressive sound quality, better hearing, and improved understanding.(你会得到令人印象深刻的音质，更好的听力和更好的理解)”可知，这款装置的功能是帮助用户更好地沟通。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“You buy direct from Hearing Help Express, owned by IntriCon, a Class III medical device company that develops, designs, and manufactures hearing aids for ENT’s and audiologists. This allows us to provide you with superior products at manufacturer-direct prices, saving you over 80% compared to local hearing aid stores.(您可以直接从听力帮助快递公司购买，该公司隶属于IntriCon，这是一家三级医疗设备公司，为耳鼻喉科和听力学家开发、设计和制造助听器。这使我们能够以制造商直接价格为您提供优质的产品，与当地助听器商店相比，为您节省80%以上)”；“FREE support from licensed professionals(via phone, email and chat)(由持牌专业人士提供免费支持（通过电话，电子邮件和聊天）)”以及“Technology to reduce unwanted noise while increasing soft sounds!(技术减少不必要的噪音，同时增加柔和的声音！)”可知，C选项“它可以代替智能手机进行日常交流”文章没有提到是其特点。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“A credit card is required to start your Risk-Free trial. Your card WILL NOT be charged during trial.(开始您的无风险试用需要信用卡。您的卡将不会在试用期间被扣款)”可知，如果你想开始家庭试用，你应该提供你的信用卡来开始无风险试用。故选B。
【答案】24. A 25. D 26. A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了极限运动的成功与风险。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Shane Murphy, sports professor, has worked with groups climbing Everest. “To me, that just seems like the height of risk,” he said. “But to them it was the next step in an activity that they`ve prepared for years.””（体育教授谢恩·墨菲(Shane Murphy)曾带领团队攀登珠峰。“对我来说，这似乎就是风险的高度，”他说。“但对他们来说，这是他们准备多年的活动的下一步。”）可知，登山者为迎接挑战做了大量的准备。故选A项。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段中“Another aspect of risk perception(认知)may be something referred to as “the flow”, a state in which many athletes become absorbed in the acts that focus the mind completely on the present.”（风险感知的另一个方面可能是被称为“心流”的东西，在这种状态下，许多运动员全神贯注于将注意力完全集中在当前的行为中。）以及后面的进一步解释可知，本段的主要观点就是“the flow”这种特定的精神状态使尝试一项活动的可能性更大。故选D项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“People of different skill levels experience the flow at different times. Some may always be driven to adventures that others consider extreme. “I can enjoy hitting a tennis ball around, because that`s my skill level,” Murphy says. “But others might need the challenge of Olympic competition.””（不同技能水平的人在不同的时间体验心流。有些人可能总是被驱使去做别人认为极端的冒险。墨菲说：“我可以享受打网球的乐趣，因为这是我的技术水平。“但其他人可能需要奥运会的挑战。”）以及后文所举的事例可知，不同技能水平的人有自己不同的选择，所以冒险是你可以选择或选择避免的事情。故选A项。
【答案】27. D 28. B 29. A 30. B
【分析】这是一篇议论文。新的社交机器人与以往机器人不同，他们不仅比我们聪明还有他们的个性。时代周刊称它彻底改变了我们与机器互动的方式。但是对这种改变有的科学家赞同而有很多人也很担忧。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段中的第一句话可知，新的社交机器人与像苹果的Siri这样的助理有相同之处，但比它们有更多功能。再由第一段中的Time magazine hailed (称赞) the robots that “could fundamentally reshape how we interact with machines.可知，社交机器人彻底改变了我们与机器互动的方式，可以推知以一种新的方式与人们交流互动。故选D。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。Cozmo是第三段的举例，举例肯定是用来证明本段或者其前边的观点的。本段的中心是“Getting attached to dolls and sociable machines is different, though.（与洋娃娃相处与与社交机器相处是不同的”。再由第三段最后一句句意“你觉得忽略了机器人而难受，但是机器人并不会感觉被忽略，或者你感觉机器人冷落了你而难受但是机器人根本不知道它冷落了你，这些意味着什么呢？”可知，社交机器人并不能真的跟小朋友建立感情。故选B。
【29题详解】
猜测词义题。由划线单词后的“They have not been born, they don’t know pain, or death, or fear. Robot thinking may be thinking, but robot feeling is never feeling, and robot love is never love.”可知，社交机器人不知道疼，死亡或害怕。社交机器人的思维可能是在想，但是他们的感觉从来不是感觉，他们的爱也从来不是爱。这句话是证明划线单词所在句子的论点的，他们是会同情的机器，但是他们缺少感情，导致他们所谓的感情是假的。所以划线单词词意为情感。A. emotion情感；B. pain疼痛；C. fear害怕；D. thinking想。故选A。
【30题详解】
篇章结构题。分析文章内容，第一段提出观点：社交机器人改变了我们与机器互动的方式。第二段提出一些支持这一改变的专家的想法，第三段提出一些人对这一改变的担忧，并且第三段后半部分以及第四段、第五段分别是这些人的三点担忧。最后一段总结这一趋势面临的现状。所以文章提出观点后，分为支持和反对两个观点，反对方面又列出了三点担忧，最后一段总结。故选B。
【点睛】猜测词义题在高考中有三种考查形式：生词猜测词义或熟词生义、猜测一句话的意思、指代关系猜词（代词或者名词）。从近三年考查形势看，三种考查方式同等重要。本文中考查的是生词猜测词义。这种题型的解法主要是在生词后找到其释义句。例如本文中划线单词后一句话是对划线单词所在句子的解释。根据“they are missing”与其前后“don’t understand”及“never”这些否定词之间的呼应，可知，划线单词与“emotional lives”、“feeling”、“love”等之间是并列解释关系。由这些词可以推知划线单词意思为情感，故选A。
第二节(共5题;每小题2分,满分10分)
【答案】31. E 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了青少年时期可能是一个人一生中最不安、压力最大的时期。青少年经历了重大的身体、情感、社会和认知变化。今天的青少年面临着更多的挑战，因为他们经历了21世纪更多的不确定时期。
【31题详解】
根据上文“Teens experience significant physical, emotional, social and cognitive changes. And teens of today face more challenges as they go through more uncertain times of the 21st century.(青少年经历了重大的身体、情感、社会和认知变化。今天的青少年面临着更多的挑战，因为他们经历了21世纪更多的不确定时期)”及下文“Constant comparison and endless posts of picture — perfect images and lives give teens greater pressure to follow current fashion trends.(不断的比较和没完没了的完美形象和生活的照片的帖子给了青少年更大的压力去追随当前的时尚潮流)”和“Statistics show that most cases of cyber bullying take place on popular social media sites such as Facebook, Instagram, Snapchats and Twitter, where cyber bullies make emotionally scarring comments.(统计数据显示，大多数网络欺凌案件发生在Facebook、Instagram、Snapchats和Twitter等热门社交媒体网站上，网络欺凌者在这些网站上发表情感上的言论)”可知，E. Social media, and technological advances are posing new challenges.(社交媒体和技术进步带来了新的挑战)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选E。
【32题详解】
根据上文“In the past, a teen who was criticized for his or her larger figure or pimpled (有粉刺的) face, might feel embarrassed and dejected in school.(在过去，一个青少年如果因为他或她的身材大或脸上有粉刺而被批评，在学校里可能会感到尴尬和沮丧)”可知，此处讲述过去青少年在学校遇到的挑战。由此可知，D. Today, these same sufferings can be expanded by social media.(今天，同样的痛苦可以通过社交媒体扩大)能够衔接上文，形成今昔对比，同时引起下文“Constant comparison and endless posts of picture — perfect images and lives give teens greater pressure to follow current fashion trends.(不断的比较和没完没了的完美形象和生活的照片的帖子给了青少年更大的压力去追随当前的时尚潮流)”，符合语境。故选D。
【33题详解】
根据上文“Constant comparison and endless posts of picture- perfect images and lives give teens greater pressure to follow current fashion trends. The Wall Street Journal reported that Instagram made body images worse for one in three teenage girls.(不断的比较和没完没了的完美形象和生活的照片的帖子给了青少年更大的压力去追随当前的时尚潮流。《华尔街日报》报道称，Instagram让三分之一的少女的身体形象变得更糟)”可知，社交媒体给青少年带来很大的压力。再根据下文“Statistics show that most cases of cyber bullying take place on popular social media sites such as Facebook, Instagram, Snapchats and Twitter, where cyber bullies make emotionally scarring comments.(统计数据显示，大多数网络欺凌案件发生在Facebook、Instagram、Snapchats和Twitter等热门社交媒体网站上，网络欺凌者在这些网站上发表情感上的言论)”可知，B. Furthermore, social media has taken bullying to a new level.(此外，社交媒体将欺凌行为推向了一个新的高度)能够承上启下，继续讲述社交媒体带来的负面影响，同时引出欺凌行为的话题，符合语境。故选B。
【34题详解】
根据上文“Statistics show that most cases of cyber bullying take place on popular social media sites such as Facebook, Instagram, Snapchats and Twitter, where cyber bullies make emotionally scarring comments. These can be made publicly on a teen’s social media account.(统计数据显示，大多数网络欺凌案件发生在Facebook、Instagram、Snapchats和Twitter等热门社交媒体网站上，网络欺凌者在这些网站上发表情感创伤评论。这些可以在青少年的社交媒体账户上公开发布)”可知，网络欺凌者在社交媒体账户上公开发布情感创伤评论。由此可知，A. They can also be spread quickly by sharing with others.(它们也可以通过与他人分享而迅速传播)能够衔接上文，其中选项中的They指代上文中的emotionally scarring comments，符合语境。故选A。
【35题详解】
根据上文“There have been many discussions about new technologies and ways of working, such as artificial intelligence (AI) and automation, which will impact future jobs.(关于新技术和工作方式的讨论很多，比如人工智能(AI)和自动化，这将影响未来的工作)”可知，此处指出新技术和工作方式将影响未来的工作。根据下文“Unlike in the past, the situation is different today as AI and automation are causing some jobs to disappear. Teens will have to meet this challenge by adopting an attitude of lifelong learning, and keeping paces with technology.(与过去不同，随着人工智能和自动化导致一些工作岗位消失，今天的情况有所不同。青少年必须采取终身学习的态度，跟上科技的步伐，以迎接这一挑战)”可知，此处提出了青少年应该怎样迎接新挑战。由此可知，G. The challenge for a teen today is preparing for a largely unknown future.(当今青少年面临的挑战是为一个基本上未知的未来做准备)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
第三部分:书面表达(共三节,40分)
第一节:(共16题;每小题0.5分,满分8分)
【答案】36. secure
37. routine
38. objective
39. evaluated
40. academy
41. encountered
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这些智能家居将保证我们的安全，节约能源，并提供一个更舒适的居住环境。根据句意可知，此处表示“安全的”，应用形容词secure，作宾语补足语。故填secure。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：你的家也会了解你的日常习惯和喜好，所以当你每天晚上回家时，一切都会为你准备好。根据句意可知，此处表示“习惯，惯例”，应用名词routine，作宾语。故填routine。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：1967年，中国政府成立了一个科学家小组，目的是发现一种新的疟疾治疗方法。根据句意可知，此处表示“目的”，应用名词objective，作宾语。故填objective。
【39题详解】
考查动词。句意：她的团队检查了2000多份古老的医学文献，并评估了28万种植物的医学特性。根据句意可知，此处表示“评估”，应用动词evaluate，与examined是并列谓语动词，应用一般过去时。故填evaluated。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：该学院的所有新生都被要求在第一学期上大学写作课根据句意可知，此处表示“学院”，应用名词academy，作宾语。故填academy。
【41题详解】
考查动词。句意：事实上，爱因斯坦经常在街上遇到一些人，他们会拦住他，请他帮忙解释一些事情。根据句意可知，此处表示“遇见”，应用动词encounter，由would stop him可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填encountered。
【答案】42. adopted
43. stretching
44. advocate
45. prospect
46. critical
【42题详解】
考查动词。句意：我不是萨米人，但在沙瑞克，我吸收了他们的一些习惯。动词adopt为“采用，吸收”之意，助动词have后接动词的过去分词形式，构成现在完成时。结合句意，故填adopted。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在吉林和黑龙江建立了东北虎豹国家公园，边界一直延伸到边境，与俄罗斯的野生动物保护区相连。动词stretch为“延伸”之意。这里为with的复合结构。介词with后宾语boundaries与stretch之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。结合句意，故填stretching。
【44题详解】
考查动词。句意：阿米什人崇尚简单的生活，强调努力工作、家庭和社区。动词advocate为“提倡；主张”之意。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语The Amish people是复数，谓语动词用原形。结合句意，故填advocate。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：当然，当新技术改变我们的生活方式时，这可能是一个可怕的前景。形容词scary后接名词形式。名词prospect为“前景”之意，根据不定冠词a可知，用名词的单数形式。结合句意，故填prospect。
【46题详解】
考查形容词。句意：如果有什么不正常的情况，或者你得了癌症等危重疾病，它们可以在早期警告你，并有可能挽救你的生命。名词illness前用形容词修饰。形容词critical为“严重的”之意，结合句意，故填critical。
【答案】47. demonstrate
48. break down
49. interactions
50. Ultimately
51. enormous
【47题详解】
考查动词。句意：在日本，与老人交谈时低头可能是对老人的尊重。动词demonstrate为“证明；显示”之意，情态动词may后接动词原形。结合句意，故填demonstrate。
【48题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：她希望在不同文化之间架起桥梁，打破误解。动词短语break down为“打破”之意。hope to do sth.希望做某事。结合句意，故填break down。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：在与他人的互动中，我们使用语言和肢体语言来表达我们的想法和观点。名词interaction为“相互作用；相互影响”之意，为可数名词，our后接名词的复数形式。结合句意，故填interactions。
【50题详解】
考查副词。句意：最终，我的职责是帮助每一个学生学习。副词ultimately为“最终”之意，在句中作状语。结合句意，故填Ultimately。
【51题详解】
考查形容词。句意：迪士尼乐园也有许多令人兴奋的游乐设施供你娱乐，从巨大的摇摆船到可怕的瀑布。名词swinging ships前用形容词修饰。形容词enormous为“巨大的”之意，结合句意，故填enormous。
第二节:阅读表达(共4小题12分;第52、53题各2分,第54题3分,第55题5分)
【答案】52. It means we are used to the way things are that we don’t even recognize that they could be different.
53. The successful technique is to place it into the emptied tack box that is fastened to the wall.
54. Frozen thinking is common among ordinary people but less found in those with high IQ. Because Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence.
55. There are two ways to avoid frozen thoughts. Firstly, I can talk to people who disagree with me, which is good for my brain. What’s more, I always think outside the box, which can broaden my thinking in countless ways.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了一种心理学家称之为功能固着的现象。
【52题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段的“What’s sad is that even if it’s the latter, we often follow a certain path anyway because we are used to the way things are that we don’t even recognize that they could be different. Psychologists call this phenomenon functional fixedness.(可悲的是，即使是后者，我们通常还是会走一条特定的道路，因为我们已经习惯了事物本来的样子，甚至没有意识到它们可能是不同的。心理学家称这种现象为功能性固着)”可知，功能固着指的习惯了事物本来的样子，甚至没有意识到它们可能是不同的。故答案为It means we are used to the way things are that we don’t even recognize that they could be different.
【53题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段的“The successful technique is to use the tack box as a candle holder. You empty it, tack it to the wall, and stand the candle inside it.(成功的方法是把大头钉盒当作烛台。你把它倒空，钉在墙上，把蜡烛放在里面)”可知，成功的方法是把大头钉盒当作烛台，钉在墙上，把蜡烛放在里面。故答案为The successful technique is to place it into the emptied tack box that is fastened to the wall.
【54题详解】
考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段的“Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence, she said, “It can be found in highly intelligent people.”(她说，思维僵化与智力无关，“它可以在高智商的人身上找到。”)”可知，“Frozen thinking is common among ordinary people but less found in those with high IQ.”的错误之处是“less found in those with high IQ”，因为思维僵化与智力无关，也可以在高智商的人身上找到。故答案为Frozen thinking is common among ordinary people but less found in those with high IQ. Because Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence.
【55题详解】
开放性问题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。题干意为“你如何避免日常生活中的思维僵化？”，结合文章内容，答案符合逻辑即可，注意词数限制。参考答案为：There are two ways to avoid frozen thoughts. Firstly, I can talk to people who disagree with me, which is good for my brain. What’s more, I always think outside the box, which can broaden my thinking in countless ways.
第三节: 书面表达(共1小题, 20分)
56. 【答案】Dear David,
I’m very glad to hear that you’re planning to visit Beijing in November. As your friend, I’d like to recommend a park that you can’t miss - the Summer Palace.
The Summer Palace is one of the most famous imperial gardens in China and a World Heritage Site. It has a long history and beautiful scenery.
When you visit the park, I suggest you start from the East Gate, where you can visit the Marble Boat, the Long Corridor, and the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity. Then, you can walk along the lake to the South Lake Island, where you can enjoy the beautiful scenery of the lake and the surrounding mountains.
I hope my recommendations can help you.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的推荐信。要求考生给英国笔友 David写封邮件，就其即将来北京旅行，推荐适合的公园。
【详解】1.词汇积累
想要：would like to → want to
著名的：famous→ well-known
建议：suggest → advise
希望：hope→expect
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The Summer Palace is one of the most famous imperial gardens in China and a World Heritage Site. It has a long history and beautiful scenery.
拓展句：The Summer Palace, which has a long history and beautiful scenery, is one of the most famous imperial gardens in China and a World Heritage Site.
【点睛】【高分句型1】When you visit the park, I suggest you start from the East Gate, where you can visit the Marble Boat, the Long Corridor, and the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句和where引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】Then, you can walk along the lake to the South Lake Island, where you can enjoy the beautiful scenery of the lake and the surrounding mountains.（运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句）
英 语
(时长: 90分钟)
考查目标
知识: 选择性必修一Unit 1至Unit 4的词汇、语法 能力: 阅读能力、写作能力
第一部分:知识运用(共两节,30分)
第一节:完型填空(共10题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In 2007, Whitmore was considered one of the most successful athletes in America. However, everything changed during a triathlon (三项全能) that seemed like so many others she had ___1___ . “Once I got off the bike and began the running portion, it was hard to pick up my legs. I knew something wasn`t right.” Whitmore tells Reader`s Digest, “I didn`t have any symptoms (症状) as long as I wasn`t running. But every time I tried again the muscles were super tight.” Assuming she`d simply ___2___ herself too hard in the last race, Whitmore shrugged off the pain.
It wasn`t until a ___3___ night at a sports camp in Arizona that Whitmore says she knew something was ___4___ wrong. Then she went to hospital. After examination, she was quickly ___5___ . What doctors found during surgery shocked them all: Whitmore had spindle cell sarcoma (梭形细胞肉瘤). When she heard the diagnosis for the first time, Whitmore says time stood ___6___ . “I couldn`t breathe. They were talking about treatment and I just started crying and saying ‘I don’t want to die!’” Waking up after the surgery, she was even more shocked to find out she, a/an ___7___ athlete, wouldn`t have the use of her leg anymore from the knee down.
Whitmore now had drop foot and had to learn to walk again with the help of a physical therapist (治疗学家). In the following days, Whitmore endured a punishing two-month ___8___ , after which her scans were coming back clear of cancer. To her joy, she was pregnant with twins. Now, she is a mother of two sons and competing again, and has won a gold medal in the Paralympics. Whitmore has some words of advice for others with ___9___ : “Never let anyone tell you what you can and cannot do. You have to ____10____ yourself.”
1. A. conquered B. liked C. attempted D. watched
2. A. pulled B. pushed C. forced D. drawn
3. A. tiring B. dark C. hopeless D. sleepless
4. A. particularly B. slightly C. seriously D. merely
5. A. admitted B. defeated C. convinced D. observed
6. A. calm B. quiet C. unchanged D. still
7. A. amateur B. professional C. happy D. determined
8. A. recovery B. practice C. development D. operation
9. A. disadvantages B. troubles C. shortcomings D. limitations
10. A. live off B. set out C. find out D. insist on
第二节:语法填空(共10题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
A
阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Using a lower temperature ___11___ (draw) out the extract, she found a substance that worked. After ___12___ (fail) more than 190 times, the team finally succeeded in 1971. Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe. Later, the medicine ___13___ (test) on malaria patients, most of whom recovered. This medicine, ___14___ was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria.
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Today, we have to use ___15___ (switch) for our lights, knobs for our appliances, and remote controls for our TVs and air conditioners. In the future, we will be using ___16___ (advance) technology every day for automatic control of just about everything in our home. The future home will use integrated sensors to tell when you leave home each morning, and then go into an energy-efficient mode all ___17___ itself.
C
阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Along a great part of this track is the ___18___ (surprise) waterfalls which hikers pass by. These include Empress Falls. It is a wonderful waterfall in the Valley of the Waters. It ___19___ (go) down a series of rocks to a pool. These are stepping stones for hikers to cross the falls and some shady spots ___20___ tired travelers can rest.
第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,30分)
第一节(共10题;每小题2分,满分20分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
“Hearing loss is isolating and makes you feel invisible. To understand again is a miracle. Thank you Hearing Help. Express!” Joanne-Park City, UT.
Do you need lots of power packed into a small hearing aid with a budget friendly price Our Ranger-7600 hearing aid is packed with advanced American-Made electronics PLUS the extra power needed for those with moderate to serious hearing loss. Our Ranger-7600 significantly outshines other models in terms of technology and value. You get impressive sound quality, better hearing, and improved understanding. You buy direct from Hearing Help Express, owned by IntriCon, a Class III medical device company that develops, designs, and manufactures hearing aids for ENT’s and audiologists. This allows us to provide you with superior products at manufacturer-direct prices, saving you over 80% compared to local hearing aid stores. √Risk-Free 45-day home trial *SAVE $100 off original price! √FREE support from licensed professionals ONLY $399! (via phone, email and chat) *Understand conversations again! √Payment plans available *No more embarrassing squeal! √Free Shipping *Technology to reduce unwanted noise √By phone(Mon-Fri 8am-5pm) while increasing soft sounds! 1-888-847-1189 *Fingertip volume control! Order online: www. *Includes a telephone setting!
A credit card is required to start your Risk-Free trial. Your card WILL NOT be charged during trial.
21. What is the function of the device mentioned in the passage
A. To make users visible again. B. To help users understand a miracle.
C. To make users speak again. D. To help users communicate better.
22. Which of the following is NOT one of the features the product has
A. Direct buying from the manufacturer can be made.
B. Free support from licensed professionals is available.
C. It can replace a smartphone for daily communication.
D. Technology makes sound control easy and convenient.
23. If you want to start a home trial, you are supposed to____________.
A. buy the product in local hearing aid stores B. offer your credit card to start a risk-free trial
C. apply to the manufacturer for a telephone setting D. consult the company online about the discount
B
Success and Risk in Extreme Sports
What is it that drives some to take extreme risks, while the rest of us hurry for the safety of the sidelines
Lester Keller, sports-psychology expert, says that not everyone has the mental makeup to do well in extreme sports. He notes that most of us hit a natural ceiling that limits our appetite for extreme risk in tricky conditions. But others have a much higher tolerance for risk. Keller points to a top ski racer. He told Keller that “the high element of risk makes you feel alive, tests what you are made of and how far you can take yourself”. He said he would get nervous on some of the courses, but that this would just make him fight more.
Psychologists note that some people seem to have a strong desire for adrenaline(肾上腺素)rushes as a behavior seeking excited feelings. Like many extreme athletes, Emily Cook`s appetite for risk appeared at a young age. “I was a gymnast,” she said. “I was one of those kids who enjoyed and did well at anything where you were upside down.” As she started doing harder tricks, she was drawn to the challenge. “There are moments when you`re up there doing a new trick and it seems like an impossible thing. But overcoming that is just the coolest feeling in the world.”
Shane Murphy, sports professor, has worked with groups climbing Everest. “To me, that just seems like the height of risk,” he said. “But to them it was the next step in an activity that they`ve prepared for years.” Murphy said the view of extreme athletes is different from our own. “We look at a risky situation and know that if we were in that situation we would be out of control. But from the athletes` view, they have a lot of control, and there are many things that they do to minimize risk.”
Another aspect of risk perception(认知)may be something referred to as “the flow”, a state in which many athletes become absorbed in the acts that focus the mind completely on the present. “Something that makes you try doing a tougher climb than usual, perhaps, is that your adrenaline flows and you become very concentrated on what you`re doing,” Murphy says. “After it`s over, there`s great excitement.”
People of different skill levels experience the flow at different times. Some may always be driven to adventures that others consider extreme. “I can enjoy hitting a tennis ball around, because that`s my skill level,” Murphy says. “But others might need the challenge of Olympic competition.”
24. What does Shane Murphy think about the mountain climbers he mentions
A. They put in lots of preparation for challenges.
B. They are more fortunate than other sportspeople.
C. They carry little risk when facing big challenges.
D. They have special reasons that others can`t easily understand.
25. What main point is made in Paragraph 5
A. Extreme athletes use techniques other people don`t use.
B. Non-athletes are probably wise not to try extreme sports.
C. Most people lack the focus required to take bigger risks.
D. A certain state of mind makes attempting an activity more likely.
26. We can learn from the passage that ______.
A. risk-taking is something you either naturally do or avoid
B. those who take risks are more likely to be successful in life
C. extreme athletes are driven by a need to be better than others
D. taking part in extreme sports is not as difficult as people think
C
The new social robots, including Jibo, Cozmo, Kuri and Meccano M.A.X., bear some resemblance to assistants like Apple’s Siri, but these robots come with something more. They are designed to win us over not with their smarts but with their personality. They are sold as companions that do more than talk to us. Time magazine hailed (称赞) the robots that “could fundamentally reshape how we interact with machines.” But is reshaping how we interact with machines a good thing, especially for children
Some researchers in favor of the robots don’t see a problem with this. People have relationships with many kinds of things. Some say robots are just another thing with which we can have relationships. To support their argument, roboticists sometimes point to how children deal with toy dolls. Children animate (赋予…生命) dolls and turn them into imaginary friends. Jibo, in a sense, will be one more imaginary friend, and arguably a more intelligent and fun one.
Getting attached to dolls and sociable machines is different, though. Today’s robots tell children that they have emotions, friendships, even dreams to share. In reality, the whole goal of the robots is emotional trickery. For instance, Cozmo the robot needs to be fed, repaired and played with. Boris Sofman, the chief executive of Anki, the company behind Cozmo, says that the idea is to create “a deeper and deeper emotional connection ... And if you neglect him, you feel the pain of that.” What is the point of this, exactly What does it mean to feel the pain of neglecting something that feels no pain at being neglected, or to feel anger at being neglected by something that doesn’t even know it is neglecting you
This should not be our only concern. It is troubling that these robots try to empathize with children. Empathy allows us to put ourselves in the place of others, to know what they are feeling. Robots, however, have no emotions to share, and they cannot put themselves in our place. No matter what robotic creatures “say” or squeak, they don’t understand our emotional lives. They present themselves as empathy machines, but they are missing the essential equipment. They have not been born, they don’t know pain, or death, or fear. Robot thinking may be thinking, but robot feeling is never feeling, and robot love is never love.
What is also troubling is that children take robots’ behavior to indicate feelings. When the robots interact with them, children take this as evidence that the robots like them, and when robots don’t work when needed, children also take it personally. Their relationships with the robots affect their self-esteem (自尊). In one study, an 8-year-old boy concluded that the robot stopped talking to him because the robot liked his brothers better.
For so long, we dreamed of artificial intelligence offering us not only simple help but conversation and care. Now that our dream is becoming real, it is time to deal with the emotional downside of living with robots that “feel.”
27. How are the new social robots different from Siri
A. They are intended to teach children how to talk.
B. They are designed to attract people with their smarts.
C. Their main function is to evaluate children’s personality.
D. They have a new way to communicate with human beings.
28. In Paragraph 3 Cozmo is used as an example to show that the social robots ______.
A. are deeply connected with human beings
B. are unable to build a real relationship with children
C. are so advanced that they can feel the pain of human beings
D. are not good enough to carry out the instructions of children
29. The underlined phrase “essential equipment” in Paragraph 4 refers to ______.
A. emotion B. pain
C. fear D. thinking
30. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage
I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion
A. B.
C. D.
第二节(共5题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The teenage years are probably the most unsettled and stressful years in a person’s life. Teens experience significant physical, emotional, social and cognitive changes. And teens of today face more challenges as they go through more uncertain times of the 21st century. ____31____
As teens experience massive physical, social and emotional changes, the challenges are managing social expectations of ideal body images, developing their identity and finding their place in the world. In the past, a teen who was criticized for his or her larger figure or pimpled (有粉刺的) face, might feel embarrassed and dejected in school. ____32____ Constant comparison and endless posts of picture — perfect images and lives give teens greater pressure to follow current fashion trends. The Wall Street Journal reported that Instagram made body images worse for one in three teenage girls.
____33____ Statistics show that most cases of cyber bullying take place on popular social media sites such as Facebook, Instagram, Snapchats and Twitter, where cyber bullies make emotionally scarring comments. These can be made publicly on a teen’s social media account. ____34____ As a result, cyber bullying can be more threatening than traditional bullying because it can be shared and viewed repeatedly on social media. In this age of social media, it is also important for teens to learn to cultivate positive, and healthy relationships with people.
There have been many discussions about new technologies and ways of working, such as artificial intelligence (AI) and automation, which will impact future jobs. ____35____. Unlike in the past, the situation is different today as AI and automation are causing some jobs to disappear. Teens will have to meet this challenge by adopting an attitude of lifelong learning, and keeping paces with technology.
A. They can also be spread quickly by sharing with others.
B. Furthermore, social media has taken bullying to a new level.
C. The future has always been a dreamland for teens to anticipate.
D. Today, these same sufferings can be expanded by social media.
E. Social media, and technological advances are posing new challenges.
F. Additionally, social media is a strong tool for a teen to defend himself.
G. The challenge for a teen today is preparing for a largely unknown future.
第三部分:书面表达(共三节,40分)
第一节:(共16题;每小题0.5分,满分8分)
根据句子语境，选用方框中单词填空。
academy objective evaluate encounter secure routine
36. These smart homes will keep us ________, save us energy, and provide a more comfortable environment to live in.
37. Your home will also learn your daily ________and preferences, so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening.
38. In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the________ of discovering a new treatment for malaria.
39. Her team examined over 2,000 old medical texts, and ________280,000 plants for their medical properties.
40. All incoming students at the ________are required to take a college writing class in their first term.
41. In fact, Einstein often ________people on the street who would stop him and ask him to help explain things.
根据句子语境，选用方框中单词填空。
critical advocate prospect adopt stretch
42. I am not a Sami, but in Sarek I`ve ________some of their habits.
43. The Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park was set up in Jilin and Heilongjiang, with boundaries ________ all the way to the border and joining with Russia`s wildlife reserves.
44. The Amish people ________a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community.
45. Of course, when new technology changes the way we live, it can be a scary________.
46. They can warn you early on if there is something abnormal or if you have a ________ illness, such as cancer, and potentially save your life.
根据句子语境，选用方框中单词填空。
enormous demonstrate interaction break down ultimately
47. In Japan, it may ________respect to look down when talking to an older person.
48. She hopes to build bridges and ________misunderstandings between different cultures.
49.We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our________with other people.
50. ________, my duty is helping every student to learn.
51. Disneyland also has many exciting rides to amuse you, from ________swinging ships to scary fall drops.
第二节:阅读表达(共4小题12分;第52、53题各2分,第54题3分,第55题5分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
In life, once on a path, we tend to follow it, for better or worse. What’s sad is that even if it’s the latter, we often follow a certain path anyway because we are so used to the way things are that we don’t even recognize that they could be different. Psychologists call this phenomenon functional fixedness.
This classic experiment will give you an idea of how it works — and a sense of whether you may have fallen into the same trap:
People are given a box of tacks (大头钉) and some matches and asked to find a way to attach a candle to a wall so that it burns properly. Typically, the subjects try tacking the candle to the wall or lighting it to fix it with melted wax (石蜡). The tacks are too short, and the candle doesn’t fasten to the wall. So how can you accomplish the task The successful technique is to use the tack box as a candle holder. You empty it, tack it to the wall, and stand the candle inside it.
To think of that, you have to look beyond the box’s usual role as a container just for tacks and reimagine it serving an entirely new purpose. That is difficult because we all suffer — to one degree or another — from functional fixedness. The inability to think in new ways affects people in every corner of society. The political theorist Hannah Arend coined the phrase frozen thoughts to describe deeply held ideas that we no longer question but should. In Arendt’s eyes, the complacent reliance on such accepted “truths” also made people blind to ideas that didn’t fit their worldview, even when there was ample evidence for them. Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence, she said, “It can be found in highly intelligent people.”
Another context in which frozen thinking can turn truly dangerous is medicine. If you land in the hospital, it’s natural to want to be treated by the most experienced physicians on staff. But according to a 2014 study in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), you’d be better off being treated by the relative novices.
52. What does “functional fixedness” mean
53. How is the candle attached to the wall
54. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Frozen thinking is common among ordinary people but less found in those with high IQ.
55. How can you avoid frozen thoughts in your daily life (In about 40 words)
第三节: 书面表达(共1小题, 20分)
56. 假设你是红星中学的高二学生李华，你的英国笔友 David计划11月来北京旅行，请你推荐适合他游玩的公园。请给他回一封邮件。内容包括：
1. 推荐一个公园；
2. 推荐理由；
3. 游览建议。
注意：
(1)词数 100 左右(开头和结尾均已给出，不计入总词数)；
(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear David,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
第一部分:知识运用(共两节,30分)
第一节:完型填空(共10题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国运动员惠特莫尔在一次三项全能比赛后发现自己患上了梭形细胞肉瘤，她勇敢地面对疾病和治疗，最终赢得了残奥会金牌并成为两个孩子的母亲的故事。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在一次铁人三项比赛中，一切都改变了，这次比赛看起来就像她征服了许多其他比赛一样。A. conquered征服；B. liked喜欢；C. attempted尝试；D. watched观看。根据上文“In 2007, Whitmore was considered one of the most successful athletes in America.”可知，惠特莫尔非常成功，所以她征服过很多次三项全能比赛。故选A。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：惠特莫尔认为她只是在最后一场比赛中把自己逼得太紧了，她对这种痛苦不以为然。A. pulled拉；B. pushed推；C. forced强迫；D. drawn画画。push oneself too hard把自己逼得太紧。根据上文“Whitmore shrugged off the pain.”可知，惠特莫尔认为自己在最后一场比赛中把自己逼得太紧造成的。故选B。
【3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：惠特莫尔说，直到在亚利桑那州的一个体育营度过了一个不眠之夜，她才知道事情出了严重的问题。A. tiring累人的；B. dark黑暗的；C. hopeless无望的；D. sleepless不眠的。根据下文“she knew something was ___4___ wrong.”可知，出现了严重问题，肯定是一个不眠之夜。故选D。
【4题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：惠特莫尔说，直到在亚利桑那州的一个体育营度过了一个不眠之夜，她才知道事情出了严重的问题。A. particularly特别地；B. slightly稍微；C. seriously严重地；D. merely仅仅。根据下文“Then she went to hospital. After examination, she was quickly ___5___ . What doctors found during surgery shocked them all: Whitmore had spindle cell sarcoma (梭形细胞肉瘤).”可知，惠特莫尔意识到自己病情的严重性。故选C。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过检查，她很快就住院治疗了。A. admitted承认；收治；B. defeated打败；C. convinced使相信；D. observed观察。根据下文“What doctors found during surgery shocked them all: Whitmore had spindle cell sarcoma (梭形细胞肉瘤).”可知，病情严重，所以住院治疗。故选A。
【6题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：惠特莫尔说，当她第一次听到诊断结果时，时间静止了。A. calm冷静的；B. quiet安静的；C. unchanged不变的；D. still静止的。根据上文““I couldn`t breathe. They were talking about treatment and I just started crying and saying ‘I don’t want to die!’””可知，惠特莫尔听说自己的病情后，感到震惊，时间似乎静止了。故选D。
【7题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：手术后醒来时，她更震惊地发现，作为一名职业运动员，她的腿从膝盖以下再也不能使用了。A. amateur业余的；B. professional专业的；C. happy高兴的；D. determined有决心的。根据上文“In 2007, Whitmore was considered one of the most successful athletes in America.”可知，惠特莫尔是一名专业运动员。故选B。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几天里，惠特莫尔经历了两个月的恢复期，之后她的扫描结果显示没有癌症。A. recovery恢复；B. practice练习；C. development发展；D. operation手术。根据上文“Whitmore now had drop foot and had to learn to walk again with the help of a physical therapist (治疗学家).”可知，惠特莫尔经历了两个月的康复治疗。故选A。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：惠特莫尔对那些有困难的人有一些忠告：“永远不要让任何人告诉你什么能做，什么不能做。你必须坚持自己。”A. disadvantages缺点；B. troubles困难；C. shortcomings缺点；D. limitations限制。根据下文“Never let anyone tell you what you can and cannot do. You have to ___10___ yourself.””可知，惠特莫尔是对于遇到困难的人的建议。故选B。
【10题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：惠特莫尔对那些有困难的人有一些忠告：“永远不要让任何人告诉你什么能做，什么不能做。你必须坚持自己。”A. live off以……为生；B. set out出发；C. find out发现；D. insist on坚持。根据上文“Never let anyone tell you what you can and cannot do.”可知，遇到问题，必须坚持自己。故选D。
第二节:语法填空(共10题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
【答案】11. to draw
12. failing
13. was tested
14. which
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了屠呦呦及其团队在研发抗疟药物过程中的艰辛历程。
【11题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：用较低的温度提取提取物，她发现了一种有效的物质。句中用不定式作目的状语。故填to draw。
【12题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在失败了190多次之后，这支球队终于在1971年取得了成功。介词after之后用动词-ing 形式作宾语。故填failing。
【13题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：后来，这种药物在疟疾患者身上进行了测试，其中大多数人都康复了。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。主语the medicine与test之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was tested。
【14题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这种药物被称为青蒿素，很快成为治疗疟疾的标准药物。分析句子结构可知，这里为非限制性定语从句，先行词为 this medicine，指物，从句缺少主语，关系词用which。故填which。
【答案】15. switches
16. advanced
17. by
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了未来智能家居的发展趋势，将会使用先进的技术实现自动控制，集成传感器在人们离家后进入节能模式，无需手动开关家电。
【15题详解】
考查名词。句意：今天，我们用开关来开灯，用旋钮来开电器，用遥控器来控制电视和空调。此处作宾语，应用名词switch“开关”，可数名词，前无限定词，应用复数形式，表泛指。故填switches。
【16题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在未来，我们将每天使用先进的技术来自动控制我们家里的一切。此处修饰名词technology，应用形容词advanced“先进的”，作定语。故填advanced。
【17题详解】
考查介词。句意：未来的家庭将使用集成传感器来告诉你每天早上什么时候离开家，然后自动进入节能模式。固定搭配by oneself“独自地，单独”。故填by。
【答案】18. surprising
19. goes 20. where
【导语】本文一篇说明文。文章介绍山路沿途令人惊叹的瀑布。
【18题详解】
考查形容词。句意：沿着这条小径的大部分是徒步旅行者经过的令人惊讶的瀑布。名词waterfalls前用形容词修饰。修饰物，用-ing形式形容词。故填surprising。
【19题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它沿着一系列的岩石延伸到一个游泳池。描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是It，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填goes。
【20题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这些是徒步旅行者穿越瀑布的垫脚石，也有一些阴凉的地方供疲惫的旅行者休息。先行词是spots，表示地点，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。
第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,30分)
第一节(共10题;每小题2分,满分20分)
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则助听器的广告，主要介绍了这种助听器的优点和价格等信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Hearing loss is isolating and makes you feel invisible. To understand again is a miracle.(听力损失是孤立的，让你觉得自己被忽视了。重新理解是一个奇迹)”以及第三段“You get impressive sound quality, better hearing, and improved understanding.(你会得到令人印象深刻的音质，更好的听力和更好的理解)”可知，这款装置的功能是帮助用户更好地沟通。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“You buy direct from Hearing Help Express, owned by IntriCon, a Class III medical device company that develops, designs, and manufactures hearing aids for ENT’s and audiologists. This allows us to provide you with superior products at manufacturer-direct prices, saving you over 80% compared to local hearing aid stores.(您可以直接从听力帮助快递公司购买，该公司隶属于IntriCon，这是一家三级医疗设备公司，为耳鼻喉科和听力学家开发、设计和制造助听器。这使我们能够以制造商直接价格为您提供优质的产品，与当地助听器商店相比，为您节省80%以上)”；“FREE support from licensed professionals(via phone, email and chat)(由持牌专业人士提供免费支持（通过电话，电子邮件和聊天）)”以及“Technology to reduce unwanted noise while increasing soft sounds!(技术减少不必要的噪音，同时增加柔和的声音！)”可知，C选项“它可以代替智能手机进行日常交流”文章没有提到是其特点。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“A credit card is required to start your Risk-Free trial. Your card WILL NOT be charged during trial.(开始您的无风险试用需要信用卡。您的卡将不会在试用期间被扣款)”可知，如果你想开始家庭试用，你应该提供你的信用卡来开始无风险试用。故选B。
【答案】24. A 25. D 26. A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了极限运动的成功与风险。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Shane Murphy, sports professor, has worked with groups climbing Everest. “To me, that just seems like the height of risk,” he said. “But to them it was the next step in an activity that they`ve prepared for years.””（体育教授谢恩·墨菲(Shane Murphy)曾带领团队攀登珠峰。“对我来说，这似乎就是风险的高度，”他说。“但对他们来说，这是他们准备多年的活动的下一步。”）可知，登山者为迎接挑战做了大量的准备。故选A项。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第五段中“Another aspect of risk perception(认知)may be something referred to as “the flow”, a state in which many athletes become absorbed in the acts that focus the mind completely on the present.”（风险感知的另一个方面可能是被称为“心流”的东西，在这种状态下，许多运动员全神贯注于将注意力完全集中在当前的行为中。）以及后面的进一步解释可知，本段的主要观点就是“the flow”这种特定的精神状态使尝试一项活动的可能性更大。故选D项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“People of different skill levels experience the flow at different times. Some may always be driven to adventures that others consider extreme. “I can enjoy hitting a tennis ball around, because that`s my skill level,” Murphy says. “But others might need the challenge of Olympic competition.””（不同技能水平的人在不同的时间体验心流。有些人可能总是被驱使去做别人认为极端的冒险。墨菲说：“我可以享受打网球的乐趣，因为这是我的技术水平。“但其他人可能需要奥运会的挑战。”）以及后文所举的事例可知，不同技能水平的人有自己不同的选择，所以冒险是你可以选择或选择避免的事情。故选A项。
【答案】27. D 28. B 29. A 30. B
【分析】这是一篇议论文。新的社交机器人与以往机器人不同，他们不仅比我们聪明还有他们的个性。时代周刊称它彻底改变了我们与机器互动的方式。但是对这种改变有的科学家赞同而有很多人也很担忧。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段中的第一句话可知，新的社交机器人与像苹果的Siri这样的助理有相同之处，但比它们有更多功能。再由第一段中的Time magazine hailed (称赞) the robots that “could fundamentally reshape how we interact with machines.可知，社交机器人彻底改变了我们与机器互动的方式，可以推知以一种新的方式与人们交流互动。故选D。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。Cozmo是第三段的举例，举例肯定是用来证明本段或者其前边的观点的。本段的中心是“Getting attached to dolls and sociable machines is different, though.（与洋娃娃相处与与社交机器相处是不同的”。再由第三段最后一句句意“你觉得忽略了机器人而难受，但是机器人并不会感觉被忽略，或者你感觉机器人冷落了你而难受但是机器人根本不知道它冷落了你，这些意味着什么呢？”可知，社交机器人并不能真的跟小朋友建立感情。故选B。
【29题详解】
猜测词义题。由划线单词后的“They have not been born, they don’t know pain, or death, or fear. Robot thinking may be thinking, but robot feeling is never feeling, and robot love is never love.”可知，社交机器人不知道疼，死亡或害怕。社交机器人的思维可能是在想，但是他们的感觉从来不是感觉，他们的爱也从来不是爱。这句话是证明划线单词所在句子的论点的，他们是会同情的机器，但是他们缺少感情，导致他们所谓的感情是假的。所以划线单词词意为情感。A. emotion情感；B. pain疼痛；C. fear害怕；D. thinking想。故选A。
【30题详解】
篇章结构题。分析文章内容，第一段提出观点：社交机器人改变了我们与机器互动的方式。第二段提出一些支持这一改变的专家的想法，第三段提出一些人对这一改变的担忧，并且第三段后半部分以及第四段、第五段分别是这些人的三点担忧。最后一段总结这一趋势面临的现状。所以文章提出观点后，分为支持和反对两个观点，反对方面又列出了三点担忧，最后一段总结。故选B。
【点睛】猜测词义题在高考中有三种考查形式：生词猜测词义或熟词生义、猜测一句话的意思、指代关系猜词（代词或者名词）。从近三年考查形势看，三种考查方式同等重要。本文中考查的是生词猜测词义。这种题型的解法主要是在生词后找到其释义句。例如本文中划线单词后一句话是对划线单词所在句子的解释。根据“they are missing”与其前后“don’t understand”及“never”这些否定词之间的呼应，可知，划线单词与“emotional lives”、“feeling”、“love”等之间是并列解释关系。由这些词可以推知划线单词意思为情感，故选A。
第二节(共5题;每小题2分,满分10分)
【答案】31. E 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了青少年时期可能是一个人一生中最不安、压力最大的时期。青少年经历了重大的身体、情感、社会和认知变化。今天的青少年面临着更多的挑战，因为他们经历了21世纪更多的不确定时期。
【31题详解】
根据上文“Teens experience significant physical, emotional, social and cognitive changes. And teens of today face more challenges as they go through more uncertain times of the 21st century.(青少年经历了重大的身体、情感、社会和认知变化。今天的青少年面临着更多的挑战，因为他们经历了21世纪更多的不确定时期)”及下文“Constant comparison and endless posts of picture — perfect images and lives give teens greater pressure to follow current fashion trends.(不断的比较和没完没了的完美形象和生活的照片的帖子给了青少年更大的压力去追随当前的时尚潮流)”和“Statistics show that most cases of cyber bullying take place on popular social media sites such as Facebook, Instagram, Snapchats and Twitter, where cyber bullies make emotionally scarring comments.(统计数据显示，大多数网络欺凌案件发生在Facebook、Instagram、Snapchats和Twitter等热门社交媒体网站上，网络欺凌者在这些网站上发表情感上的言论)”可知，E. Social media, and technological advances are posing new challenges.(社交媒体和技术进步带来了新的挑战)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选E。
【32题详解】
根据上文“In the past, a teen who was criticized for his or her larger figure or pimpled (有粉刺的) face, might feel embarrassed and dejected in school.(在过去，一个青少年如果因为他或她的身材大或脸上有粉刺而被批评，在学校里可能会感到尴尬和沮丧)”可知，此处讲述过去青少年在学校遇到的挑战。由此可知，D. Today, these same sufferings can be expanded by social media.(今天，同样的痛苦可以通过社交媒体扩大)能够衔接上文，形成今昔对比，同时引起下文“Constant comparison and endless posts of picture — perfect images and lives give teens greater pressure to follow current fashion trends.(不断的比较和没完没了的完美形象和生活的照片的帖子给了青少年更大的压力去追随当前的时尚潮流)”，符合语境。故选D。
【33题详解】
根据上文“Constant comparison and endless posts of picture- perfect images and lives give teens greater pressure to follow current fashion trends. The Wall Street Journal reported that Instagram made body images worse for one in three teenage girls.(不断的比较和没完没了的完美形象和生活的照片的帖子给了青少年更大的压力去追随当前的时尚潮流。《华尔街日报》报道称，Instagram让三分之一的少女的身体形象变得更糟)”可知，社交媒体给青少年带来很大的压力。再根据下文“Statistics show that most cases of cyber bullying take place on popular social media sites such as Facebook, Instagram, Snapchats and Twitter, where cyber bullies make emotionally scarring comments.(统计数据显示，大多数网络欺凌案件发生在Facebook、Instagram、Snapchats和Twitter等热门社交媒体网站上，网络欺凌者在这些网站上发表情感上的言论)”可知，B. Furthermore, social media has taken bullying to a new level.(此外，社交媒体将欺凌行为推向了一个新的高度)能够承上启下，继续讲述社交媒体带来的负面影响，同时引出欺凌行为的话题，符合语境。故选B。
【34题详解】
根据上文“Statistics show that most cases of cyber bullying take place on popular social media sites such as Facebook, Instagram, Snapchats and Twitter, where cyber bullies make emotionally scarring comments. These can be made publicly on a teen’s social media account.(统计数据显示，大多数网络欺凌案件发生在Facebook、Instagram、Snapchats和Twitter等热门社交媒体网站上，网络欺凌者在这些网站上发表情感创伤评论。这些可以在青少年的社交媒体账户上公开发布)”可知，网络欺凌者在社交媒体账户上公开发布情感创伤评论。由此可知，A. They can also be spread quickly by sharing with others.(它们也可以通过与他人分享而迅速传播)能够衔接上文，其中选项中的They指代上文中的emotionally scarring comments，符合语境。故选A。
【35题详解】
根据上文“There have been many discussions about new technologies and ways of working, such as artificial intelligence (AI) and automation, which will impact future jobs.(关于新技术和工作方式的讨论很多，比如人工智能(AI)和自动化，这将影响未来的工作)”可知，此处指出新技术和工作方式将影响未来的工作。根据下文“Unlike in the past, the situation is different today as AI and automation are causing some jobs to disappear. Teens will have to meet this challenge by adopting an attitude of lifelong learning, and keeping paces with technology.(与过去不同，随着人工智能和自动化导致一些工作岗位消失，今天的情况有所不同。青少年必须采取终身学习的态度，跟上科技的步伐，以迎接这一挑战)”可知，此处提出了青少年应该怎样迎接新挑战。由此可知，G. The challenge for a teen today is preparing for a largely unknown future.(当今青少年面临的挑战是为一个基本上未知的未来做准备)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
第三部分:书面表达(共三节,40分)
第一节:(共16题;每小题0.5分,满分8分)
【答案】36. secure
37. routine
38. objective
39. evaluated
40. academy
41. encountered
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这些智能家居将保证我们的安全，节约能源，并提供一个更舒适的居住环境。根据句意可知，此处表示“安全的”，应用形容词secure，作宾语补足语。故填secure。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：你的家也会了解你的日常习惯和喜好，所以当你每天晚上回家时，一切都会为你准备好。根据句意可知，此处表示“习惯，惯例”，应用名词routine，作宾语。故填routine。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：1967年，中国政府成立了一个科学家小组，目的是发现一种新的疟疾治疗方法。根据句意可知，此处表示“目的”，应用名词objective，作宾语。故填objective。
【39题详解】
考查动词。句意：她的团队检查了2000多份古老的医学文献，并评估了28万种植物的医学特性。根据句意可知，此处表示“评估”，应用动词evaluate，与examined是并列谓语动词，应用一般过去时。故填evaluated。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：该学院的所有新生都被要求在第一学期上大学写作课根据句意可知，此处表示“学院”，应用名词academy，作宾语。故填academy。
【41题详解】
考查动词。句意：事实上，爱因斯坦经常在街上遇到一些人，他们会拦住他，请他帮忙解释一些事情。根据句意可知，此处表示“遇见”，应用动词encounter，由would stop him可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填encountered。
【答案】42. adopted
43. stretching
44. advocate
45. prospect
46. critical
【42题详解】
考查动词。句意：我不是萨米人，但在沙瑞克，我吸收了他们的一些习惯。动词adopt为“采用，吸收”之意，助动词have后接动词的过去分词形式，构成现在完成时。结合句意，故填adopted。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在吉林和黑龙江建立了东北虎豹国家公园，边界一直延伸到边境，与俄罗斯的野生动物保护区相连。动词stretch为“延伸”之意。这里为with的复合结构。介词with后宾语boundaries与stretch之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。结合句意，故填stretching。
【44题详解】
考查动词。句意：阿米什人崇尚简单的生活，强调努力工作、家庭和社区。动词advocate为“提倡；主张”之意。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语The Amish people是复数，谓语动词用原形。结合句意，故填advocate。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：当然，当新技术改变我们的生活方式时，这可能是一个可怕的前景。形容词scary后接名词形式。名词prospect为“前景”之意，根据不定冠词a可知，用名词的单数形式。结合句意，故填prospect。
【46题详解】
考查形容词。句意：如果有什么不正常的情况，或者你得了癌症等危重疾病，它们可以在早期警告你，并有可能挽救你的生命。名词illness前用形容词修饰。形容词critical为“严重的”之意，结合句意，故填critical。
【答案】47. demonstrate
48. break down
49. interactions
50. Ultimately
51. enormous
【47题详解】
考查动词。句意：在日本，与老人交谈时低头可能是对老人的尊重。动词demonstrate为“证明；显示”之意，情态动词may后接动词原形。结合句意，故填demonstrate。
【48题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：她希望在不同文化之间架起桥梁，打破误解。动词短语break down为“打破”之意。hope to do sth.希望做某事。结合句意，故填break down。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：在与他人的互动中，我们使用语言和肢体语言来表达我们的想法和观点。名词interaction为“相互作用；相互影响”之意，为可数名词，our后接名词的复数形式。结合句意，故填interactions。
【50题详解】
考查副词。句意：最终，我的职责是帮助每一个学生学习。副词ultimately为“最终”之意，在句中作状语。结合句意，故填Ultimately。
【51题详解】
考查形容词。句意：迪士尼乐园也有许多令人兴奋的游乐设施供你娱乐，从巨大的摇摆船到可怕的瀑布。名词swinging ships前用形容词修饰。形容词enormous为“巨大的”之意，结合句意，故填enormous。
第二节:阅读表达(共4小题12分;第52、53题各2分,第54题3分,第55题5分)
【答案】52. It means we are used to the way things are that we don’t even recognize that they could be different.
53. The successful technique is to place it into the emptied tack box that is fastened to the wall.
54. Frozen thinking is common among ordinary people but less found in those with high IQ. Because Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence.
55. There are two ways to avoid frozen thoughts. Firstly, I can talk to people who disagree with me, which is good for my brain. What’s more, I always think outside the box, which can broaden my thinking in countless ways.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了一种心理学家称之为功能固着的现象。
【52题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段的“What’s sad is that even if it’s the latter, we often follow a certain path anyway because we are used to the way things are that we don’t even recognize that they could be different. Psychologists call this phenomenon functional fixedness.(可悲的是，即使是后者，我们通常还是会走一条特定的道路，因为我们已经习惯了事物本来的样子，甚至没有意识到它们可能是不同的。心理学家称这种现象为功能性固着)”可知，功能固着指的习惯了事物本来的样子，甚至没有意识到它们可能是不同的。故答案为It means we are used to the way things are that we don’t even recognize that they could be different.
【53题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段的“The successful technique is to use the tack box as a candle holder. You empty it, tack it to the wall, and stand the candle inside it.(成功的方法是把大头钉盒当作烛台。你把它倒空，钉在墙上，把蜡烛放在里面)”可知，成功的方法是把大头钉盒当作烛台，钉在墙上，把蜡烛放在里面。故答案为The successful technique is to place it into the emptied tack box that is fastened to the wall.
【54题详解】
考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段的“Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence, she said, “It can be found in highly intelligent people.”(她说，思维僵化与智力无关，“它可以在高智商的人身上找到。”)”可知，“Frozen thinking is common among ordinary people but less found in those with high IQ.”的错误之处是“less found in those with high IQ”，因为思维僵化与智力无关，也可以在高智商的人身上找到。故答案为Frozen thinking is common among ordinary people but less found in those with high IQ. Because Frozen thinking has nothing to do with intelligence.
【55题详解】
开放性问题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可。题干意为“你如何避免日常生活中的思维僵化？”，结合文章内容，答案符合逻辑即可，注意词数限制。参考答案为：There are two ways to avoid frozen thoughts. Firstly, I can talk to people who disagree with me, which is good for my brain. What’s more, I always think outside the box, which can broaden my thinking in countless ways.
第三节: 书面表达(共1小题, 20分)
56. 【答案】Dear David,
I’m very glad to hear that you’re planning to visit Beijing in November. As your friend, I’d like to recommend a park that you can’t miss - the Summer Palace.
The Summer Palace is one of the most famous imperial gardens in China and a World Heritage Site. It has a long history and beautiful scenery.
When you visit the park, I suggest you start from the East Gate, where you can visit the Marble Boat, the Long Corridor, and the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity. Then, you can walk along the lake to the South Lake Island, where you can enjoy the beautiful scenery of the lake and the surrounding mountains.
I hope my recommendations can help you.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的推荐信。要求考生给英国笔友 David写封邮件，就其即将来北京旅行，推荐适合的公园。
【详解】1.词汇积累
想要：would like to → want to
著名的：famous→ well-known
建议：suggest → advise
希望：hope→expect
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The Summer Palace is one of the most famous imperial gardens in China and a World Heritage Site. It has a long history and beautiful scenery.
拓展句：The Summer Palace, which has a long history and beautiful scenery, is one of the most famous imperial gardens in China and a World Heritage Site.
【点睛】【高分句型1】When you visit the park, I suggest you start from the East Gate, where you can visit the Marble Boat, the Long Corridor, and the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句和where引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】Then, you can walk along the lake to the South Lake Island, where you can enjoy the beautiful scenery of the lake and the surrounding mountains.（运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句）
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