2024广西专版英语高考总复习--必修第三册　UNIT 4　阅读题组——练速度（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025广西专版英语高考总复习
高考题型·组合规范练8
必修第三册　UNIT 4阅读题组——练速度
(35 mins)
Ⅰ.阅读
A
The Book List
Under a White Sky by Elizabeth Kolbert
Elizabeth Kolbert’s book,Under a White Sky,explores climate engineering and other bids to address humanity’s impact on nature.Below,the Pulitzer winning author of The Sixth Extinction recommends several other books.
Encounters with the Archdruid by John McPhee (1971)
McPhee’s vivid portrait of David Brower,the California mountaineer considered by many to be the “father” of the modern environmental movement,is a classic.It in the process poses one of the central questions of our time:Can a developed,technological society coexist with nature,or are the two contradictory
Spillover:Animal Infections and the Next Human Pandemic by David Quammen (2012)
For understanding how our behaviour towards animals,both domesticated and wild,made the pandemics—inevitable,there’s no better guide.
The Alchemy of Us:How Humans and Matter Transformed One Another by Ainissa Ramirez (2020)
Ramirez,a materials scientist,argues that with our technologies we have transformed not just the world around us but also ourselves.It’s a fascinating idea,and Ramirez makes it come alive through the stories of inventors,some well-known,others underappreciated.
A Friend of the Earth by T.C.Boyle (2000)
Fiction about ecological disaster tends to be written in a tragic key.Boyle,by contrast,favours the darkly comic.In this novel,set in 2025,an aging environmentalist is caring for a pop star’s Noah’s Ark-like animal shelter when a real flood arrives.
1.What do these books have in common
A.They are all collections of short stories.
B.They are all about people and the planet.
C.They all focus on the effects of animals.
D.They all introduce the most influential people.
2.What kind of book is A Friend of the Earth
A.A science fiction. B.A tragedy.
C.A mystery novel. D.A comedy.
3.Whose book tells about the improper treatment of animals
A.Elizabeth Kolbert. B.John McPhee.
C.David Quammen. D.Ainissa Ramirez.
B
A survey has shown that what you do on a plane can be determined by which nationality is listed on your passport.
According to the results of an international passenger survey, Australians are the biggest drinkers on board with 36 percent choosing to down the hatch, compared to 35 percent of Americans and 33 percent of Brits.
The Airline Passenger Experience Association(APEX) spoke to around 1,500 people, aged 18 and older, who have travelled by plane at least once during the last three months and were living in the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, Japan, China, Singapore, Australia or Brazil.
The results found Chinese travelers are most likely to nod off once the seat belt sign switches off. They are also the first to take out their credit card for some in-flight shopping and the biggest fans of gaming. Americans on the other hand like to use their time in the air more productively—when not drinking—choosing to work while flying at 35,000 feet.
Meanwhile, Brits and Germans are the best at making chat with random strangers—spending 50 percent more time than any other nationality. Comparatively, Brazilians conduct their conversations online via e-mail, messaging apps or the social media.
Despite plane food having a bad reputation, seven out of ten interviewees said they were happy to eat up the selection of in-flight snacks and meals. In-flight magazines were also popular with four out of five passengers claiming to read them.
The international flyers did, however, express their desire for better in-flight entertainment.“The industry has greatly improved the comfort, entertainment and on-board service, and passengers are accepting those improvements,” said Russell Lemieux, APEX executive director.“At the same time, passengers are demanding more from their air travel experiences which will drive more improvements touching all aspects of the journey,” he added.
4.What can you probably see in the flight according to the passage
A.Brazilians choose to drink.
B.Germans chat to kill their time.
C.Americans do in-flight shopping.
D.The Chinese switch off the seat belt sign.
5.When on board the plane, 　　　.
A.most passengers like to read in-flight magazines
B.passengers from one nation have little in common
C.more than half of the passengers don’t enjoy plane food
D.most people tend to use in-flight time to have a good sleep
6.What can we learn from the last paragraph
A.Flyers care little about entertainment.
B.Flyers are expecting better flight experiences.
C.Flyers are not satisfied with the improvements.
D.Flyers have more and more demands for airlines.
7.What’s the purpose of the passage
A.To entertain readers with interesting stories.
B.To encourage people to behave well in public.
C.To criticise impolite behaviour on the plane.
D.To inform readers of the results of a survey.
C
China has just officially opened its FAST radio telescope to international scientists.Scientists across the world can submit proposals for astronomical observations using the telescope.
FAST is short for Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope (球面射电望远镜) and it is also believed to be the world’s largest radio telescope and the most sensitive single-dish radio telescope.The receiving surface area of FAST is 250,000 square meters,about the size of 30 standard football fields.Its construction was completed in September 2016 and it officially began operating in January 2020.
The major scientific task of the telescope is the observation of pulsars (脉冲星)—the rotating neutron stars.The study of pulsars can help to confirm the existence of gravitational radiation and black holes,and help solve many other major questions in physics.Another scientific goal of FAST is to search for outer space civilisation.
The telescope is located in a naturally deep and round karst depression in southwest China’s Guizhou Province.The first advantage of the selected site is the altitude.The average altitude of Guizhou is about 1,100 meters,which maximizes the effectiveness of the observation equipment.Secondly,the radio telescope needs to have a “big pan” to receive better signals.The huge natural depression could reduce the amount of excavation (挖掘) and difficulty of construction.Moreover,the selected site in Guizhou is far away from cities,and has a small population,which reduces the interference (干扰) caused by wireless devices such as TVs,mobile phones and radios from human activities.
FAST has identified over 300 pulsars.Experts predict that the number could reach 1,000 in five years and that the telescope could locate and identify the first pulsar outside the Galaxy.With the opening-up to international scientists,China’s FAST is expected to make more contributions to astronomical research in the future.
8.What do we know about FAST
A.It is opened to global scientists.
B.It is a project under construction.
C.It has provided service since 2016.
D.It has found a pulsar outside the Galaxy.
9.What is the main task of FAST
A.To study black holes.
B.To observe the pulsars.
C.To explore the sun.
D.To seek space civilisation.
10.What’s special about the selected site
A.It’s close to urban areas.
B.It reduces engineering amount.
C.It possesses a shallow depression.
D.It’s at the highest altitude in China.
11.Which can be the best title for the text
A.Major Scientific Tasks of FAST
B.Ways to Select the Site for FAST
C.Contributions FAST Has Made
D.Facts About FAST Radio Telescope
D
(2023·广西桂林、崇左高三联合调研考试)
NASA is making preparations to send a crew to the moon who will explore the lunar surface with the hope of constructing a stable habitat.Although the American space agency focuses on just sending astronauts,other companies are looking further into the future for when humans will colonize the natural satellite.
Experts at Money,a company for consumer credit products,released the first-ever moon loan guide that reveals living on the lunar surface would cost $325,067 a month.
“With the Earth becoming increasingly populated and space technology advancing,it won’t be long before lunar living becomes the new normal,”reads the study.The team from Money used various factors to calculate the cost of a house on the moon:raw materials needed to build a house,the special materials needed to build on the moon’s atmosphere,astronauts required to travel to build,and the average cost of transporting materials to the moon.
According to the moon loan guide,the first fully functioning house on the moon would be $48,454,063,which is a high price for a home.The price includes adding life-saving details to homes such as air seals,industrial-strength air-conditioners and heaters.“Generating energy is vital when living in such extreme conditions,and therefore the cost of some supplies may force you to consider some alternative options.The most efficient way to generate electricity on the moon is to buy a small nuclear reactor costing $1.3 million,”Money shares in the study.“Alternatively,34 solar panels would generate enough electricity to run one house and cost only $23,616 in comparison.”
The guide also reveals the most ideal locations on the moon,with “Sea of Rains” being considered “the perfect family suburb”—this region sits at the north and is one of the largest impact craters(陨石撞击坑)in the Solar System.
12.What’s the purpose of NASA sending a crew to the moon
A.To encourage companies to release moon loan.
B.To colonize the moon alone.
C.To explore the moon for natural resources.
D.To build a lasting living place on the moon.
13.Which of the following was not considered when the team estimated the cost of a lunar house
A.Materials needed to build a house on the moon.
B.The cost of looking for the most ideal location on the moon.
C.Astronauts needed to travel to build a house on the moon.
D.The average cost of transporting materials to the moon.
14.What can we infer from the study
A.Lunar living won’t take long to become a reality.
B.The first house on the moon will be the most expensive home.
C.You will definitely buy a nuclear reactor to generate electricity on the moon.
D.The perfect location on the moon for living is the largest impact crater in the Solar System.
15.What’s the text mainly about
A.The first loan guide about living on the moon.
B.The moon—the most ideal living place for humans.
C.NASA will send astronauts to the moon.
D.Living on the moon has become possible.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2023·湖北武汉武昌高三5月质量检测)
Choose Optimism
Optimism and pessimism are both powerful forces,and each of us must choose which we want to shape our outlook and our expectations.There is enough good and bad in everyone’s life to find a sensible basis for either optimism or pessimism.　1　 It’s our decision:From which perspective do we want to view life Will we look up in hope or down in despair
　2　 The way you look at life will determine how you feel,how you perform and how well you will get along with the other people.On the contrary,negative thoughts,attitudes,and expectations feed on themselves;they become a self-fulfilling prediction.Pessimism creates a dark place where no one wants to live.
Optimism doesn’t need to be na ve (轻信的).　3　 Some of them are not dealt with easily.But what a difference optimism makes in the attitude of the problem solver! For example,through the years I’ve heard some people say that the money spent on our space program has been wasted.“Instead of spending $455 million to put a man on the moon,” they say,“why not spend that money here on earth on the poverty problem ” But when you ask them exactly how they would spend that money to solve the poverty problem,most of them don’t have an answer.“Give me a solution,” I tell them,“and I’ll raise you the money.” An optimist does not just criticize.　4　
Optimism distracts our attention away from negativism and channels it into positive,constructive thinking.When you’re an optimist,you’re more concerned with problem-solving than with useless complaints about issues.　5　 It takes a dreamer—someone with hopelessly optimistic ideas,great persistence,and unlimited confidence to tackle a problem that big.It’s your choice.
A.The good in life far outweighs the bad.
B.We can choose to laugh or cry,bless or curse (诅咒).
C.An optimistic attitude is not a luxury;it’s a necessity.
D.He thinks in positive terms about how to address the issue.
E.You can be an optimist and still recognize that problems exist.
F.In fact,without optimism,issues as big and ongoing as poverty have no hope of solution.
G.America’s space program resulted in many positive discoveries that have benefited mankind.
高考题型·组合规范练8
必修第三册　UNIT 4　阅读题组——练速度
Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章是一个书单,介绍了五本书的主要内容等。
1.B　解析 细节理解题。根据第一段的“explores climate engineering and other bids to address humanity’s impact on nature”,第二段的“a developed,technological society coexist with nature”,第三段的“understanding how our behaviour towards animals,both domesticated and wild”,第四段的“with our technologies we have transformed not just the world around us but also ourselves”以及第五段的“an aging environmentalist is caring for a pop star’s Noah’s Ark-like animal shelter when a real flood arrives”可知,这些书的共同之处在于它们都是关于人类和这个星球的。故选B项。
2.D　解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Fiction about ecological disaster tends to be written in a tragic key.Boyle,by contrast,favours the darkly comic.”可知,A Friend of the Earth是一部喜剧。
3.C　解析 细节理解题。根据第三段“For understanding how our behaviour towards animals,both domesticated and wild,made the pandemics—inevitable,there’s no better guide.”可知,David Quammen的书讲述了对动物的不当对待。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于乘机习惯的调查结果。在飞机上, 无论是喝杯酒放松一下, 还是埋头阅读杂志, 抑或与邻座的乘客攀谈, 这些乘机习惯都可能由乘客的国籍决定。
4.B　解析 细节理解题。根据第五段的 “Meanwhile, Brits and Germans are the best at making chat with random strangers...” 可知, 德国人会和陌生人聊天以打发时间, 因此选B项。
5.A　解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的 “In-flight magazines were also popular with four out of five passengers...” 可知, 大部分乘客喜欢看飞机上提供的杂志。
6.B　解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段的 “At the same time, passengers are demanding more from their air travel experiences...” 可知, 乘客要求航空公司提供更好的乘机服务, 希望自己能有更好的乘机体验, 因此选B项。
7.D　解析 推理判断题。本文主要告诉我们一项关于乘机习惯的调查结果, 因此选D项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国官方已正式向全世界科学家开放了天眼天文观测项目,同时介绍了天眼的特色功能、选址和任务,另外还介绍了天眼已获得的成绩及其前景。
8.A　解析 细节理解题。根据第一段首句可知,中国刚刚正式向全世界科学家开放天眼;根据第二段尾句可知,B项“正在建造”和C项“从2016年开始已经提供服务”均错误,天眼是在2016年竣工,并于2020年1月正式投入使用。根据最后一段第二句可知,D项“天眼已发现银河系外的一个脉冲星”错误。
9.B　解析 细节理解题。根据第三段首句可知,天眼的主要科学任务是对脉冲星的观测。
10.B　解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“could reduce the amount of excavation and difficulty of construction”可知,选在此地可以减少挖掘和施工困难,即可以减少工程量。
11.D　解析 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述天眼对外国科学家的开放、特色功能、选址、任务及成就,故本文是在讲述天眼的几个事实。故D项作为标题最合适。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了月球生活所需的费用。
12.D　解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“NASA is making preparations to send a crew to the moon who will explore the lunar surface with the hope of constructing a stable habitat.”可知,NASA送宇航员去月球的目的是希望在月球上建立一个稳定的居住地。
13.B　解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The team from Money used various factors to calculate the cost of a house on the moon:raw materials needed to build a house,the special materials needed to build on the moon’s atmosphere,astronauts required to travel to build,and the average cost of transporting materials to the moon.”可知答案为B项。
14.A　解析 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“‘With the Earth becoming increasingly populated and space technology advancing,it won’t be long before lunar living becomes the new normal,’reads the study.”可知A项正确。根据第四段第一句“According to the moon loan guide,the first fully functioning house on the moon would be $48,454,063,which is a high price for a home.”可知B项中的 the most expensive与原文不符;根据第四段中的“‘Generating energy is vital when living in such extreme conditions,and therefore the cost of some supplies may force you to consider some alternative options.The most efficient way to generate electricity on the moon is to buy a small nuclear reactor costing $1.3 million,’ Money shares in the study.‘Alternatively,34 solar panels would generate enough electricity to run one house and cost only $23,616 in comparison.’”可知,高昂的价格或许会迫使你选择其他的发电形式。最有效的是买一个nuclear reactor(原子炉),但会花费1.3 million美元。然而用太阳电池板发同样的电只需花费23,616美元。所以definitely错误,太绝对;根据最后一段可知,月球上最适合居住的地方是太阳系中最大的陨石撞击坑之一,D项说法与原文不符。
15.A　解析 主旨大意题。第一段引入话题,根据第二段,一个信贷公司推出了月球居住贷款,根据该公司的指南,月球的居住费用每个月高达325,067美元。后文都在围绕这个信贷指南讲述月球生活费用以及其他内容。故选A项。
Ⅱ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为什么乐观主义重要以及乐观主义的本质特点。
1.B　解析 根据下文中的“It’s our decision:From which perspective do we want to view life Will we look up in hope or down in despair ”可知,乐观还是悲观是我们自己的选择,故B项“我们可以选择笑或哭,祝福或诅咒”符合语境,故选B项。
2.C　解析 根据下文中的“The way you look at life will determine how you feel,how you perform and how well you will get along with the other people.On the contrary,negative thoughts,attitudes,and expectations feed on themselves;they become a self-fulfilling prediction.Pessimism creates a dark place where no one wants to live.”可知,本段提到了悲观主义创造了一个没有人愿意生活的黑暗之地,说明乐观是应有的生活态度,故C项“乐观的态度不是奢侈品;它是必需品”符合语境,故选C项。
3.E　解析 根据上文中的“Optimism doesn’t need to be na ve.”以及下文中的“Some of them are not dealt with easily.But what a difference optimism makes in the attitude of the problem solver!”可知,下文中提到了有些问题不容易解决,说明乐观主义者可以认识到问题的存在,故E项“你可以是一个乐观主义者,且仍然认识到问题的存在”符合语境,故选E项。
4.D　解析 根据上文中的“‘Instead of spending $455 million to put a man on the moon,’they say,‘why not spend that money here on earth on the poverty problem ’But when you ask them exactly how they would spend that money to solve the poverty problem,most of them don’t have an answer.‘Give me a solution,’I tell them,‘and I’ll raise you the money.’An optimist does not just criticize.”可知,上文的例子说明乐观主义者关注的是如何解决问题,故D项“他从积极的角度考虑如何解决这个问题”符合语境,故选D项。
5.F　解析 根据上文中的“Optimism distracts our attention away from negativism and channels it into positive,constructive thinking.When you’re an optimist,you’re more concerned with problem-solving than with useless complaints about issues.”以及下文中的“It takes a dreamer—someone with hopelessly optimistic ideas,great persistence,and unlimited confidence to tackle a problem that big.It’s your choice.”可知,后文提到“需要一个梦想家——一个有着无可救药的乐观想法、坚持不懈和无限信心的人来解决这么大的问题”,说明乐观主义带来了解决问题的希望,故F项“事实上,如果没有乐观主义,像贫困这样巨大而持续的问题就没有解决的希望”符合语境,故选F项。
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