2024广西专版英语高考总复习--选择性必修第一册　UNIT 1 阅读题组——练速度（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2025广西专版英语高考总复习
高考题型·组合规范练9
选择性必修第一册　UNIT 1阅读题组——练速度
(35 mins)
Ⅰ.阅读
A
(2023·广东名校高三5月模拟)
From life-saving medical technologies to everyday household items,these four brilliant women left an indelible mark on history with their inventions.
Modern ironing board by Sarah Boone
Before the invention,clothing used to be ironed on wooden planks balanced between chairs.Though it seems like a simple invention,Boone put a lot of thoughts into it,which was evident in the end product.Aside from solving the initial problem of uneven ironing,Boone also made the ironing board’s legs folded for storage and designed a curved (弧形的) shape for the body to accommodate sleeves and curved areas.Alongside her invention,Boone also became one of the first African-American woman to receive a patent.
Silk by Empress Lei Zu
Though there is no way of confirming the account,ancient writings (including Confucius’) attribute the first invention of silk to the Chinese Empress Lei Zu,who was fourteen at the time and had been enjoying tea in the imperial gardens when a fateful incident took place.A cocoon (茧) fell into her teacup and lost its cohesiveness (黏结性) upon contact with the hot water.The fact that the cocoon was a single strand of silk had drawn Lei Zu’s attention and she wove the thread into fabric,creating silk cloth.
Caller ID and call waiting by Shirley Ann Jackson
Dr Shirley Ann Jackson broke the glass ceiling as the first African-American woman to be awarded a doctorate from MIT.She contributed to the invention of caller ID and call waiting during her research period at AT&T Bell Laboratories,so we can now see the phone number and name of whoever is ringing our phones.
Spray-on skin repair technique by Fiona Wood
Dr Fiona Wood introduced spray-on skin repair technique to the world in the 1990s.The technique changed the way in which burn victims used to be treated,as spray-on skin repair technique can be directly applied to wounds to form a new layer of skin that promotes healing and minimises the risk of infection.
1.What can we learn about Sarah Boone
A.She learned a lot from ironing.
B.She solved the problem of washing.
C.She created a piece of useful furniture.
D.She was the first person to receive a patent.
2.What inspired Lei Zu to find silk
A.Her interest in drinking tea.
B.A cocoon dropping into her cup.
C.A desire to write something crucial.
D.Her working in the imperial gardens.
3.Who made a contribution to medical cause
A.Sarah Boone.
B.Lei Zu.
C.Shirley Ann Jackson.
D.Fiona Wood.
B
TOKYO,Japan—Maki Kaji,69,the creator of the popular numbers puzzle Sudoku whose life’s work was spreading the joy of puzzles,has died of cancer.
Known as the “father of Sudoku”,Kaji created the puzzle to be easy for children and others who didn’t want to think too hard.Its name is made up of the Japanese characters for “number” and “single”,and players place the numbers 1 through 9 in rows,columns and blocks without repeating them.
Ridiculously,it wasn’t until 2004 that Sudoku became a global hit,after a fan from New Zealand got it published in the British newspaper The Times.Two years later,Japan rediscovered its own puzzle as a “reimport”.
Kaji travelled to more than 30 countries spreading his enjoyment of puzzles.Sudoku championships have drawn some 200 million people in 100 countries over the years.Sudoku was also never trademarked (注册) except within Japan,driving its overseas craze.
Born in the main northern island of Hokkaido,Kaji started Japan’s first puzzle magazine after dropping out of Keio University in Tokyo.He founded Nikoli in 1983,and came up with the name Sudoku about the same time.In recent years,Sudoku,believed to be the world’s most popular pencil puzzle,has come out in digital versions.
“Our mission (使命) is to seek Kaji’s wishes and possibilities,” said Yoshinao Anpuku,who succeeded Kaji as Nikoli’s chief executive (执行官).Major Japanese newspaper Mainichi credited Kaji for starting the puzzle sections at bookstores,as well as introducing the word “Sudoku” into the Oxford English dictionary.
4.What does the author think is ridiculous
A.Kaji was the father of Sudoku.
B.Kaji set up a puzzle magazine.
C.Sudoku first became popular overseas.
D.Sudoku was spread widely and quickly.
5.What can we say about Maki Kaji
A.He liked travelling a lot.
B.He failed to enter the university.
C.He was a top player in Sudoku.
D.He was committed to Sudoku spreading.
6.What can be inferred about Sudoku from the passage
A.It’s not for old people.
B.It’s registered abroad.
C.It was named after Kaji.
D.It went all over the world.
7.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about
A.What Kaji wished for.
B.Why Kaji was great.
C.Who is Kaji’s follower.
D.How Kaji achieved his goal.
C
(2023·河南周口高三5月模拟)
Bessie Mae Kelley was an animation(动画) pioneer,yet much of her story and work was lost to history and left undocumented—until now.The incredible discovery of Kelley’s rich past was made by Mindy Johnson,who spent five years searching for evidence.
According to Mindy Johnson,Kelley was studying art at New York’s Pratt Institute,when,as a part of the first generation of cinema,she fell in love with the medium.Kelley began working in the industry doing menial jobs,but she worked her way up and she was eventually working alongside Max Fleischer,Paul Terry and Walter Lantz,animators who were household names.
Kelley hand-drew cartoons in cooperation with Paul Terry for his famed animated adaptation of Aesop’s Fables,including the mouse couple that came to be known as Milton and Mary.“Even Walt Disney publicly stated that when he began his studio in Kansas City,he wanted to make cartoons as good as Aesop’s Fables,” Johnson said.
And earlier this week,Johnson presented her discoveries at the Academy Museum of Motion Pictures in Los Angeles,where she also premiered (首映) two restored short films hand-drawn and directed by Kelley.The first is a five-minute film entitled Flower Fairies,completed in 1921.The second three-minute film from 1922 is called A Merry Christmas.Previously,historians had considered Tissa David to be the earliest example of a woman who directed her own hand-drawn work Bonjour Paris in 1953.The earliest surviving animated film directed and animated by a woman would be Lotte Reiniger’s The Ornament of the Lovestruck Heart from 1919,which is far from the hand-drawn variety.
Johnson,who teaches animation history at California Institute of the Arts and Drexel University,says,“Discovering Kelley’s contribution to animation isn’t just about filling in the gaps of history.It also motivates a new generation of animators.I can see my female students standing a little taller and more confident,about their work when they learn about Kelley.”
8.What does the underlined word “menial” in paragraph 2 mean
A.Unskilled. B.Demanding.
C.Well-paid. D.Risk-taking.
9.What does the author want to show by mentioning Kelley’s work on Aesop’s Fables
A.Her fondness for animals.
B.Her good teamwork spirit.
C.Her early influence in animation.
D.Her close relationship with Walt Disney.
10.Which is the earliest-known animation hand-drawn and directed by a woman
A.Bonjour Paris.
B.Flower Fairies.
C.A Merry Christmas.
D.The Ornament of the Lovestruck Heart.
11.What does Johnson think of the discovery of Kelley’s role in animation
A.It excites students’ interest in history.
B.It is an inspiration to female animators.
C.It helps reexamine women animators’ work.
D.It is a reminder of the value of surviving films.
D
New research added brain degradation such as Alzheimer’s disease (阿尔茨海默氏病) to the growing list of effects of fine particles (微粒).A study of 63 million adults older than 65 in the United States showed that from 2000 to 2016,first-time hospital admissions for Alzheimer’s disease and related diseases rose by 13 percent with every 5-microgram (per cubic meter of air) increase in annual concentrations of PM 2.5.Such particles are produced mainly during the burning of fossil fuels,especially coal and oil.The risk remained high even when concentrations were below 12 micrograms per cubic meter of air,a level the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency currently considers safe.
“Our study builds on the small but clear evidence indicating that long-term PM 2.5 exposure is associated with an increased risk of worsening brain health,even when PM 2.5 concentrations are well below the current national standards,” said Xiao Wu,a doctoral student in Harvard.
Antonella Zanobetti,a co-author of the study,said the new research results showed that the current U.S.regulations are inadequate to protect the aging American population,highlighting the need for stricter standards and policies that help further reduce PM 2.5 concentrations and improve air quality overall.
Women and urban populations,particularly those in the northeast,were particularly at risk,the research showed.The researchers figured that the increasing effects on urban populations might be due to the “abundance of metal-bearing particles in the urban atmosphere,which have very small size and can access the brain directly”.They owed the increased risk to women’s longer life,which meant the probability of death from other causes before developing Alzheimer’s disease was higher in men.
12.What can we learn about the new research in paragraph 1
A.It proved PM 2.5 was caused by fossil fuels.
B.It aimed at improving the elders’ brain health.
C.It showed Alzheimer’s disease was linked to air pollution.
D.It focused on the effect of PM 2.5 on the environment.
13.What is the researchers’ attitude towards the current U.S.PM 2.5 national standards
A.Supportive. B.Disapproving.
C.Cautious. D.Ambiguous.
14.Why do women have higher risk of brain health problems
A.Because they mainly live in cities.
B.Because they are in much worse condition.
C.Because they are affected by PM 2.5 more easily.
D.Because they live longer than men.
15.What’s the purpose of the text
A.To present findings of new research.
B.To call on us to protect the environment.
C.To analyse various reasons for Alzheimer’s disease.
D.To draw our attention to the elders’ health.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2022·全国甲卷)
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette(礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules.　1　.Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—no matter where you are in the world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions.When you put them down between bites,always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.　2　.
Hands or Utensils(餐具)
In India and the Middle East,it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand.People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand.　3　,instead preferring to use their hands.In Chile,you may never touch any food with your fingers.People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
　4　.In Portugal,this would be a serious mistake,because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills.Similarly,in Italy,never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange,but they are important in various countries.　5　,the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A.The more friends you make in your lifetime
B.The more time you spend in any given country
C.Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D.Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E.It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F.Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G.It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
高考题型·组合规范练9
选择性必修第一册　UNIT 1
阅读题组——练速度
Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四位杰出的女性。
1.C　解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Before the invention,clothing used to be ironed on wooden planks balanced between chairs.Though it seems like a simple invention,Boone put a lot of thoughts into it,which was evident in the end product.Aside from solving the initial problem of uneven ironing,Boone also made the ironing board’s legs folded for storage and designed a curved shape for the body to accommodate sleeves and curved areas.”可知,Sarah Boone发明的烫衣板是一件有用的家具。故选C项。
2.B　解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A cocoon fell into her teacup and lost its cohesiveness upon contact with the hot water.The fact that the cocoon was a single strand of silk had drawn Lei Zu’s attention and she wove the thread into fabric,creating silk cloth.”可知,嫘祖在花园喝茶时,一只茧掉进了她的杯子里。这个意外让她发现了蚕丝。故选B项。
3.D　解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Dr Fiona Wood introduced spray-on skin repair technique to the world in the 1990s.”可知,Fiona Wood 首创了用喷雾治疗皮肤烧伤的技术,为医疗事业做出了贡献。故选D项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。“数独之父”Maki Kaji因癌症去世,文章介绍了他的部分生平以及数独游戏的影响力。
4.C　解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Ridiculously,it wasn’t until 2004 that Sudoku became a global hit”并结合本段内容可知,作者感到不可思议的是,数独先是在日本以外的全球范围内火了起来,后来才在日本国内被发掘。
5.D　解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Kaji travelled to more than 30 countries spreading his enjoyment of puzzles.”可知,在推广数独的过程中,Kaji是亲力亲为的,与D项“他致力于数独的推广”相符。
6.D　解析 推理判断题。根据第四段第二、三句“Sudoku championships have drawn some 200 million people in 100 countries over the years.Sudoku was also never trademarked except within Japan,driving its overseas craze.”可知,数独堪称风靡全世界,与D项表达含义一致。
7.B　解析 段落大意题。最后一段主要讲述了Kaji对数独游戏的影响力,故B项正确。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了是动画先驱贝西·梅·凯利的职业生涯及其作品以及她对动画界的影响。
8.A　解析 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“...Kelley was studying art at New York’s Pratt Institute,when,as a part of the first generation of cinema,she fell in love with the medium.”可知,凯利当时正在纽约普瑞特学院学习艺术,还没有正式开设她的职业生涯。根据画线词后的“but she worked her way up”可知,她之前做的工作是卑微的,非技术性的。由此猜测,画线词意为“非技术性的”。unskilled“缺乏技能的”;demanding“要求高的”;well-paid“收入丰厚的”;risk-taking“冒险的”。故选A项。
9.C　解析 推理判断题。根据第三段“Kelley hand-drew cartoons in cooperation with Paul Terry for his famed animated adaptation of Aesop’s Fables,including the mouse couple that came to be known as Milton and Mary.‘Even Walt Disney publicly stated that when he began his studio in Kansas City,he wanted to make cartoons as good as Aesop’s Fables,’Johnson said.”可知,作者提及凯利的《伊索寓言》是想展示她早期对动画的影响。故选C项。
10.A　解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Previously,historians had considered Tissa David to be the earliest example of a woman who directed her own hand-drawn work Bonjour Paris in 1953.”可知,《你好,巴黎》是已知最早由女性手绘和导演的动画。故选A项。
11.B　解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“It also motivates a new generation of animators.I can see my female students standing a little taller and more confident,about their work when they learn about Kelley.”可知,约翰逊认为凯利对女性动画师来说是一种鼓舞。故选B项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明,大气中PM 2.5浓度越高,患上阿尔茨海默氏病和相关疾病的人数便会随之增加。城市大气中含有大量的金属微粒,它们非常小,可以直接进入大脑,对人体造成不良影响。
12.C　解析 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知,一项针对美国6 300万名65岁以上的人的研究显示,从2000年到2016年,PM 2.5年浓度每增加5微克(每立方米空气),首次因阿尔茨海默氏病和相关疾病住院的人数就增加了13%。据此可以判断,阿尔茨海默氏病和空气污染有关。
13.B　解析 推理判断题。通读第三段可知,新的研究结果显示,目前的美国法规不足以保护老龄化的美国人口,这强调了对更严格的标准和政策的需求,以帮助进一步降低PM 2.5浓度,整体改善空气质量。再结合第一段最后一句和第二段内容也可以判断,研究者对当前美国PM 2.5的国家标准是不赞同的。
14.D　解析 细节理解题。根据尾段尾句中的“They owed the increased risk to women’s longer life”可知,女性患病风险增加的原因是其寿命较长。
15.A　解析 写作意图题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了一项新研究的结果:大气中PM 2.5浓度越高,则患上阿尔茨海默氏病和相关疾病的人数便会随之增加。此外,女性和居住在城市里的人患病风险较高。
Ⅱ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在不同文化中,外出就餐时需要注意的事项。
1.D　解析 上一句提到与文化有关的进餐礼节可能有一些重要的规则会使你惊讶。下一句提到知道一些有用的提示可以确保不管在世界的哪一个角落,你都能与朋友或家人拥有一次愉快的用餐体验。D项中的“at a restaurant”与文章标题中的“When Dining Out”呼应。故选D项。
2.F　解析 根据上一句提到吃饭间歇将筷子放下时,一定要并排放好,以便与你面前的桌子边缘保持平行。F项中的“them”指代上文中的“chopsticks”。故选F项。
3.C　解析 前两句提到在印度、中东和法国,人们用餐时使用手或者使用餐具的情况。C项中的“Mexicans”衔接上文的“People in France”,“inappropriate to eat with utensils”衔接后半句的“instead preferring to use their hands”。故选C项。
4.G　解析 G项中的 “a simple request”对应小标题“Making Requests”。故选G项。
5.B　解析 根据下文的“the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices”可知,此处为“the more...the more...”结构(越……越……)。此外,B项中的“any given country”与后半句中的“its”形成呼应。故选B项。
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