高二年级第一学期期末冲刺模拟考试
英语试题
满分：150分 考试时间：100分钟
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Many libraries around the world are as amazing in their architecture and organization as they are in the huge amount of knowledge they contain. With shelves and shelves of books, various collections and amazing historical and cultural displays, there are plenty of undiscovered wonders. More information of them is just a click away.
Beinecke Rare Book Library (New Haven, Connecticut)
Yale University has one of the most beautiful college campuses in America, and one of its most interesting features is the Beinecke Rare Book Library. It is one of the largest buildings in the world devoted to rare books and manuscripts of famous people. From 2015-16 the library building was closed for 18 months for major improvement. Inside there is a statue of its main founder that rises up high.
Vennesla Library (Vennesla, Norway)
Located near the southernmost tip of Norway, Vennesla Library is more than a collection of books — it’s a city cultural center and meeting place. The building hosts a coffee shop, open meeting spaces, classrooms for children and adult education courses, and a cinema. It is mainly built out of wood. The long, thin beams on the inside were designed to look like the inside of a whale.
Suzzallo Library (Seattle)
Among the many beautiful features of the campus at the University of Washington, such as its cherry flowers and a light rail station, Suzzallo Library was built in the Collegiate Gothic style. Its buttresses are decorated with 18 statues featuring famous academics and writers such as Plato, Shakespeare, Leonardo da Vinci, Dante, Galileo, Beethoven, Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin.
Library of Muyinga (Muyinga, Burundi)
A school for deaf children, the Library of Muyinga in Burundi was built with local techniques and traditions. A rope hammock that hangs between the first and second floors of the library serves as part of the children’s reading room, a great place for indoor activities.
1. What makes Vennesla Library different from others
A. It is built in the shape of a whale. B. It is mainly intended for children
C. It is a kind of culture complex. D. It is located within the campus.
2. Which one is suitable for people who want to appreciate statues
A. Vennesla Library. B. Beinecke Rare Book Library.
C. Library of Muyinga. D. Suzzallo Library.
3. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A travel brochure. B. A culture magazine.
C. A historical book. D. A website.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个图书馆的相关情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Vennesla Library (Vennesla, Norway)下“Located near the southernmost tip of Norway, Vennesla Library is more than a collection of books — it’s a city cultural center and meeting place. (Vennesla图书馆位于挪威最南端附近，不仅仅是一个藏书场所，还是一个城市文化中心和聚会场所。)”可知，Vennesla图书馆与其他图书馆的不同之处在于，它不仅仅是一个藏书馆，还是一个城市文化中心和会议场所，由此可知，Vennesla是一个文化综合体，故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Suzzallo Library (Seattle)下的“Its buttresses are decorated with 18 statues featuring famous academics and writers such as Plato, Shakespeare, Leonardo da Vinci, Dante, Galileo, Beethoven, Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin. (它的扶壁上装饰着 18 座雕像，其中包括柏拉图、莎士比亚、达芬奇、但丁、伽利略、贝多芬、艾萨克·牛顿和查尔斯·达尔文等著名学者和作家。)”可知，想要欣赏雕像的人适合去Suzzallo图书馆，故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的最后一句“More information of them is just a click away. (只需点击一下即可获得更多信息。)”可知，文章可能出自一个网站，故选D项。
B
For the past 15 years, Denise has taught at a community school where students face significant economic and language challenges. In 2016, Denise met Dr. Jane Goodall at an event in the Bronx. Like Dr. Jane, Denise, who has a background in forestry, is always connected with nature and animals. Soon after, she started a Roots &Shoots program at her school. “I love to inspire that same connection in my students, ”said Denise.
To kick off their project, Denise introduced her group (19 first graders and 8 fifth-graders) to community mapping. “Where do you live What’s the name of your county What’s the name of your state ”she asked. “So it starts in your own backyard, ”she explains, “and it progresses across the street to the park, where you see urban wildlife, and finally you start to look at the bigger picture. ”Students then observed homeless cats outside their school, and together, they took action to return them to where they were found.
The students led the entire project. “I was just a guide, "says Denise. “But that’s the point:They are going to love science and animals. They know they are the future and that they are the people who are the keepers of this planet. ”She also notes that students come to understand what positive choices can have: They discover their own strengths and even weaknesses. They identify partners’ efforts and they form friendships and bonds.
But ultimately, says Denise, “my goal was to try to teach compassion, namely sympathy. That’s the biggest payoff she tries to convey to her students.” For other educators with a willing heart, she offers a few words of advice: Get students outside—even just to walk around the school grounds, guide them to build trust and put themselves in other’s shoes, and never give up!
4. What does the underlined phrase “that same connection” probably refer to
A. Love for nature and animals.
B. Desire for a higher social status.
C. Denise and Goodall’s relationship.
D. Courage to explore the unknown.
5. Which of the following might Denise agree with
A. There are many homeless cats to handle.
B. A bigger picture is built on urban wildlife.
C. Change may start from small things around.
D. Every kid should know their own county.
6. What is the third paragraph mainly about
A. Ways to brave hardships in life.
B. The project’s impact on students.
C. Links between human and nature.
D. Challenges to face in the future.
7. What does Denise most highlight in teaching
A. Being sympathetic. B. Remaining responsible.
C. Staying determined. D. Keeping sharp-minded.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公丹尼斯在一所社区学校教书，那里的学生面临着巨大的经济和语言挑战。不久之后，她在学校发起了“根与芽”项目，激发学生的同情心和探索欲。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Like Dr. Jane, Denise, who has a background in forestry, is always connected with nature and animals. Soon after, she started a Roots &Shoots program at her school.”（和简博士一样，拥有林业背景的丹尼斯总是与自然和动物联系在一起。不久之后，她在学校发起了“根与芽”项目。）由此可知，下划线的短语“that same connection”可能指的是“热爱自然和动物”，故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中““So it starts in your own backyard, ”she explains, “and it progresses across the street to the park, where you see urban wildlife, and finally you start to look at the bigger picture. ””（“所以它从你自己的后院开始，”她解释说，“然后发展到街对面的公园，在那里你可以看到城市野生动物，最后你开始看到更大的画面。”）可推知，丹尼斯可能同意的观点是改变可能从身边的小事开始。故选C项。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“The students led the entire project. “I was just a guide, "says Denise. “But that’s the point: They are going to love science and animals. They know they are the future and that they are the people who are the keepers of this planet. ”She also notes that students come to understand what positive choices can have: They discover their own strengths and even weaknesses. They identify partners’ efforts and they form friendships and bonds.”（学生们主导了整个项目。“我只是个向导，”丹尼斯说。“但这就是重点：他们会喜欢科学和动物。他们知道他们是未来，他们是这个星球守护者。”她还指出，学生们开始明白积极的选择可以带来什么：他们发现了自己的长处，甚至弱点。他们确定合作伙伴的努力，他们形成友谊和纽带。）可知，第三段主要讲的是项目对学生的影响。故选B项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“But ultimately, says Denise, “my goal was to try to teach compassion, namely sympathy. That’s the biggest payoff she tries to convey to her students.””（但最终，丹尼斯说，“我的目标是试图教会同情。这是她试图向学生传达的最大回报。）可知，丹尼斯在教学中最强调的是富有同情心。故选A项。
C
I spoke to my parents last night and for a moment I forgot I wasn’t really speaking to them, but to their digital replicas (复制品). They live inside an app as voice assistants constructed by the company HereAfter AI.
In fact, my parents are still alive and well; their virtual versions were made to help me understand the technology. Grief tech, which lets you “talk” with the people you’ve loved and lost, has been appearing in science fiction. But now it’s becoming a reality. Although the thought of it makes some frightened, it’s not hard to see the appeal that people might turn to digital replicas for comfort.
However, there is one major limitation. These replicas may sound like someone you love, but they know nothing about you. Anyone can talk to them, and get the same reply in the same tone. “The biggest issue with the technology is the idea that you can generate a single universal person,” says Justin Harrison, founder of a technological service.
Creating a virtual avatar you can have more conversation with contributes to your feeling connected to someone you loved and lost, says Erin Thompson, a clinical psychologist. But a grieving person needs to know that these bots can only capture a small part of someone rather than replace healthy, functional human relationships.
And there are other risks. Any service that allows you to create a digital replica of someone without that person’s participation raises complex moral issues. While some might argue that permission is less important with someone who is dead, can’t you also argue that the person who generated the other side of the conversation should have a say too And what if that person is not, in fact, dead
If digital replicas become mainstream, there will inevitably need to be new regulations around what we leave behind online. And we’ll be better off if we cope with the possibility of these replicas’ misuse before, not after, they reach mass adoption.
Anyway, I feel lucky to still have the precious opportunity to spend more time with my parents, face to face, no technology involved.
8. Which of the following is not a drawback of digital replicas
A. They can’t vary their response accordingly.
B. They can’t mirror every aspect of a person.
C. They may pose threat to the interests of people alive.
D. It’s hard to gain permission from someone who is not alive.
9. What’s the author’s attitude towards grief tech
A. Favorable. B. Reasonable. C. Critical. D. Indifferent.
10. According to the last two paragraphs, what inspiration did the author draw from his experience
A. Technology is advancing faster than imagined.
B. Safety risks can be surely avoided by regulations.
C. Replicas will not be misused before widely adopted.
D. Cherish the beloved ones when they are still around.
11. What’s the main idea of the passage
A. Reflections on grief tech. B. Ways to overcome our grief.
C. Technology to change our life. D. Controversy over digital replicas.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了“悼念科技”（grief tech）这一新兴技术，可以让人与死去的亲人进行对话。虽然这种技术可以在某种程度上带来安慰和联系感，但是也存在很多限制和风险。作者感到庆幸的是，她还有机会和父母面对面地交流，不需要依赖科技。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“These replicas may sound like someone you love, but they know nothing about you. Anyone can talk to them, and get the same reply in the same tone. “The biggest issue with the technology is the idea that you can generate a single universal person,” says Justin Harrison, founder of a technological service.(这些复制品可能听起来像你爱的人，但他们对你一无所知。任何人都可以和他们交谈，并以同样的语气得到同样的答复。一家技术服务公司的创始人贾斯汀 哈里森(Justin Harrison)表示：“这项技术最大的问题在于，你可以创造出一个通用的人。”)”可知，这些数字复制品听起来像你爱的人，但是对你去一无所知，即它们不能反映一个人的方方面面，该信息与B选项相符；同时任何人都可以和他们交谈，并以同样的语气得到同样的答复，即他们不能相应地改变自己的回应，该信息与A选项是一致的；同时根据第五段“While some might argue that permission is less important with someone who is dead, can’t you also argue that the person who generated the other side of the conversation should have a say too And what if that person is not, in fact, dead (虽然有些人可能会说，对一个已经死了的人来说，允许不那么重要，但你难道不能说，发起另一方对话的人也应该有发言权吗？如果那个人实际上并没有死呢？)”可知，复制一个已经了死了的人，并且得到这个人的允许去复制它这是很难的，该信息与D选项相符。C选项“They may pose threat to the interests of people alive.(它们可能对活着的人的利益构成威胁。)”文中并未提及。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Creating a virtual avatar you can have more conversation with contributes to your feeling connected to someone you loved and lost, says Erin Thompson, a clinical psychologist. (临床心理学家艾琳·汤普森(Erin Thompson)说，创建一个可以与你进行更多对话的虚拟化身，有助于让你感觉与你爱过但失去的人有联系。)”以及第三段中“However, there is one major limitation. (然而，有一个主要的限制。)”以及第五段中“And there are other risks.(还有其他风险。)”可知，作者并没有对悼念科技本身提出批判或者赞同的态度，而是从不同的角度来讨论了该技术的优缺点和可能存在的问题。因此，作者对悼念科技的态度是合理的，B选项“reasonable(合理的)”与其相符。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“If digital replicas become mainstream, there will inevitably need to be new regulations around what we leave behind online. (如果数字复制品成为主流，将不可避免地需要对我们在网上留下的东西制定新的规定。)”以及最后一段“Anyway, I feel lucky to still have the precious opportunity to spend more time with my parents, face to face, no technology involved.(无论如何，我感到很幸运，我仍然有宝贵的机会和我的父母花更多的时间，面对面，不涉及技术。)”可知，如果数字复制品成为主流，则需要制定和出台大量的新规，因此从作者的角度看，作者是很幸运的因为有很多的宝贵机会和父母面对面的交流，因此面对数字复制品，作者建议当所爱的人还在身边的时候，珍惜他们，把握当下的点点滴滴。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段的“Grief tech, which lets you “talk” with the people you’ve loved and lost, has been appearing in science fiction. But now it’s becoming a reality. Although the thought of it makes some frightened, it’s not hard to see the appeal that people might turn to digital replicas for comfort.(悼念技术，可以让你与你爱过和失去的人“交谈”，已经出现在科幻小说中。但现在它正在成为现实。尽管这种想法让一些人感到害怕，但不难看出人们可能会转向数字复制品寻求安慰的吸引力。)以及下文的讲述可知，文章讨论了“悼念科技”（grief tech）这一新兴技术，可以让人与死去的亲人进行对话。虽然这种技术可以在某种程度上带来安慰和联系感，但是也存在很多限制和风险，比如这些数字复制品没有个性，不会了解你的情况，而且对于没有同意生成数字复制品的人而言也存在道德问题。如果数字复制品得到大规模的应用，我们需要制定相关规定和管理措施。作者感到庆幸的是，她还有机会和父母面对面地交流，不需要依赖科技。A选项“Reflections on grief tech.(关于悼念科技的思考。)”概括文章主题，符合主旨。故选A。
D
No one likes interruption. We are born to seek balance and order. No matter what it is that you are doing, being interrupted involves a forceful stop midway and then having to re-enter your previous state, sometimes with great difficulty.
Popular belief has it that interruption breaks the flow of your thinking and affects productivity negatively, and so it is advisable that you have an uninterrupted session of intensive work before your next break.
However, a Russian psychologist, Bluma Zeigarnik, might tell you otherwise.
The connection between interruption and memory came to her attention when she was dining in a restaurant. She noticed how the waitresses had an amazing memory of the detailed orders yet to be paid for, but scarce memory of the orders that were already completed.
Back in her laboratory, she conducted studies in which subjects were required to complete various puzzles. Some of the subjects were interrupted during the tasks. All the subjects were then asked to describe what tasks they had done. It turns out that adults remembered the interrupted tasks 90% better than the completed tasks, and that children were even more likely to recall the uncompleted tasks. In other words, uncompleted tasks will stay on your mind until you finish them!
In comparison to tasks that were already finished and ones that we haven’t even started, half-done projects are given the priority in the mental to-do list our brains sketch out for us. Zeigarnik described this finding in her doctoral thesis (论文) in the late 1920s, which was later called Zeigarnik effect.
One possible explanation is that with interrupted tasks, we are desperate for their closure to reclaim a sense of balance. Finishing them also means that we can finally clear up the mental backlog (积压的工作) and give the space to more upcoming tasks.
Zeigarnik’s effect can be found everywhere, especially used in media and advertising. Have you ever wondered why cliffhangers work so well or why you just can’t get yourself to stop watching that series on Netflix
Ernest Hemingway once said about writing a novel, “It is the wait until the next day that is hard to get through.” So next time, when you are interrupted, appreciate it and take advantage of it to promote your productivity.
12. What is a common practice to finish a task
A. Working in a focused period. B. Working with occasional breaks.
C. Working with a stop midway. D. Working in an interrupted session.
13. What is the finding of the Zeigarnik’s experiment
A. Interruption recalls details. B. Interruption betters memory.
C. Interruption disturbs balance. D. Interruption reduces productivity.
14. Which of the following is an example of the application of Zeigarnik’s effect
A. Fashion shows. B. Online news.
C. Talk shows. D. TV series.
15. What is the possible reason behind Zeigarnik’s effect
A. The desire for balance. B. The physical backlog.
C. The outside pressure. D. The upcoming tasks.
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Zeigarnik效应，以及出现这种情况的原因。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Popular belief has it that interruption breaks the flow of your thinking and affects productivity negatively, and so it is advisable that you have an uninterrupted session of intensive work before your next break.(人们普遍认为，打断会打断你的思维，对工作效率产生负面影响，所以建议你在下次休息前进行一段不受打扰的高强度工作)”可知，完成一项任务的常见做法是精力集中地工作一段时间。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“It turns out that adults remembered the interrupted tasks 90% better than the completed tasks, and that children were even more likely to recall the uncompleted tasks. In other words, uncompleted tasks will stay on your mind until you finish them!(结果表明，成年人对被打断的任务的记忆比完成的任务高出90%，而孩子们甚至更有可能回忆起未完成的任务。换句话说，未完成的任务会一直留在你的脑海里，直到你完成它们!)”可知，Zeigarnik的实验发现“中断”能提高记忆力。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第四段的“In comparison to tasks that were already finished and ones that we haven’t even started, half-done projects are given the priority in the mental to-do list our brains sketch out for us. (与已经完成的任务和还没有开始的任务相比，完成了一半的项目在我们的大脑为我们勾画的待办事项清单中被赋予了优先级)”可知，Zeigarnik效应指的是完成了一半的项目在我们大脑的待办事项清单中被赋予了优先等级。由此推知，看电视连续剧是Zeigarnik效应应用的一个例子，因为电视连续剧的剧集有时间间隔，导致人们被“中断”，以至于时刻想着看剧这件事。故选D。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“One possible explanation is that with interrupted tasks, we are desperate for their closure to reclaim a sense of balance. Finishing them also means that we can finally clear up the mental backlog (积压的工作) and give the space to more upcoming tasks.(一种可能的解释是，对于被打断的任务，我们迫切希望结束它们，以恢复一种平衡感。完成它们也意味着我们最终可以清理心理上的积压，为更多即将到来的任务腾出空间)”可知，Zeigarnik效应可能的一个原因是渴望平衡。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever heard someone say, “breakfast is the most important meal of the day”, or give you advice about why it’s vital to start the day with a healthy breakfast. ___16___ Is it really that important In a sense, it really matters.
Energy restoration
The word “breakfast” comes from “breaking the fast” — the idea of ending the period in which we didn’t eat during the night. The regeneration process that takes place while we sleep consumes some of our natural food reserves to heal our bodies. ___17___ So, in that way, a healthy breakfast makes sense.
Weight management
There are also many often-quoted studies which seem to link a state of obesity with skipping breakfast. ___18___ In a US study, 50,000 people were monitored over seven years, and those who ate a healthy breakfast were found to have a lower BMI, which seems to suggest that breakfast may indeed help people maintain a healthy weight.
Better brain function
___19___ Breakfast is also associated with improved brain function, including concentration and language. A review of 54 studies found that eating breakfast can improve memory, though the effects on other brain functions were inconclusive. However, one of the researchers says there is reasonable evidence that breakfast does improve concentration.
What’s most important is what we eat for breakfast. High-protein breakfasts have been found particularly effective in reducing food cravings and consumption later in the day. However, studies found that there is no agreement on what type of breakfast is healthier. ___20___
A. Breakfast helps us refill the exhausted stores.
B. This feast is necessarily gives us a new start.
C. Weight-loss is likely to cause them health problems.
D. Breakfast has been found to affect more than just weight.
E. Thus, it is suggested that a healthy breakfast can regulate and lose weight.
F. Many people are recommended to manage their weight by skipping meals.
G. Breakfast types don’t matter as much as simply eating something.
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. E 19. D 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了早餐的作用。
【16题详解】
上文“Have you ever heard someone say, “breakfast is the most important meal of the day”, or give you advice about why it’s vital to start the day with a healthy breakfast. (你是否听过有人说，“早餐是一天中最重要的一餐”，或者给你建议为什么以健康的早餐开始新的一天是至关重要的。)”提出有人说早餐的重要性，B项“This feast is necessarily gives us a new start.(这场“盛宴”必然给了我们一个新的开始。)”承接上文，继续强调早餐的作用，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
【17题详解】
上文“The regeneration process that takes place while we sleep consumes some of our natural food reserves to heal our bodies.(在我们睡觉时进行的再生过程会消耗一些我们的天然食物储备来治愈我们的身体。)”提出晚上睡觉会消耗身体中的食物储备，A项“Breakfast helps us refill the exhausted stores.(早餐帮助我们补充耗尽的储备。)”承接上文，说明早餐可以补充消耗的储备，照应主题“Energy restoration”。故选A项。
【18题详解】
上文“There are also many often-quoted studies which seem to link a state of obesity with skipping breakfast.(还有许多经常被引用的研究似乎将肥胖状态与不吃早餐联系起来。)”提出关于肥胖与早餐的研究，E项“Thus, it is suggested that a healthy breakfast can regulate and lose weight.(因此，表明健康的早餐可以调节体重和减肥。)”给出研究的结论：健康的早餐可以调节体重和减肥。上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
【19题详解】
第三段中介绍了健康的早餐可以调节体重和减肥，设空句下文“Breakfast is also associated with improved brain function, including concentration and language.(早餐还能改善大脑功能，包括注意力和语言能力。)”提出新的功能：改善大脑功能。D项“Breakfast has been found to affect more than just weight.(研究发现，早餐影响的不仅仅是体重。)”承上启下，句中“more than just weight”照应第三段内容。故选D项。
【20题详解】
上文“However, studies found that there is no agreement on what type of breakfast is healthier.(然而，研究发现，对于哪种类型的早餐更健康，人们并没有一致的看法。)”提出对于早餐类型没有确定的说法，G项“Breakfast types don’t matter as much as simply eating something.(早餐的种类并不重要，重要的是吃点东西。)”承接上文，说明早餐类型并不重要，但是一定要吃早餐，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My 5-year-old daughter Kai walked around a bus stop, picking up candy wrappers and plastic bottles and throwing them in the waste bin. We were a visiting family here, but she was cleaning the sidewalk, which didn’t shock me, nor was I ____21____ when strangers looked at us.
Our cleanup project began when we drove past an empty field one day and Kai ____22____ the field was covered by ____23____ balloons. We had read about how animals could ____24____ balloons for food. “Stop,” Kai said, and I ____25____. Surprisingly, we found the field was full of much trash ____26____ the balloons. “Can we come back and clean it ” Kai asked. Then each Friday, we returned to have a(n) ____27____ cleaning.
However, it seems we can never ____28____ the trash completely. I feel something close to ____29____! Why are we making kids clean up our _____30_____ It has everything to do with the planet we adults are leaving for kids. Plastic pollution is globally distributed and microplastics have even been discovered in human blood. It is not a _____31_____ story that we have created trash but our next generation cleans up them.
Now Kai hopes to become a marine biologist to protect sharks one day. She still has many years to _____32_____, if adults get serious about solving plastic pollution. We shouldn’t leave our next generation a _____33_____ planet and expect them to save it.
The last time our family was at the beach, we still picked up plastic bottles. Most _____34_____, though, we saw an octopus (章鱼) playing around our feet, a _____35_____ of a harmonious habitat worth protecting.
21. A. embarrassed B. discouraged C. concerned D. frightened
22. A. apologized B. confirmed C. spotted D. explained
23. A. loose B. magic C. processed D. abandoned
24. A. trade B. mistake C. replace D. change
25. A. pulled over B. blew up C. turned down D. gave in
26. A. due to B. ahead of C. other than D. instead of
27. A. official B. serious C. optional D. regular
28. A. deliver B. remove C. track D. produce
29. A. stress B. comfort C. anger D. pride
30. A. mess B. platform C. court D. house
31. A. scary B. pleasant C. historic D. real
32. A. decide B. struggle C. survive D. contribute
33. A. safe B. giant C. distant D. sick
34. A. personally B. memorably C. technically D. universally
35. A. promise B. threat C. reminder D. favor
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和女儿通过捡塑料垃圾的故事，号召大家停止使用塑料产品，以及参与到清理塑料的行动中来。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们是一个来访的家庭，但她正在打扫人行道，这并不令我震惊，当陌生人看着我们时，我也不感到尴尬。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. discouraged 泄气的；C. concerned关心的；D. frightened害怕的。根据上文“which didn’t shock me”没有惊讶到作者，以及该句中的“when strangers looked at us.”可推知，此处为作者看到女儿正在清理人行道，对于陌生人的注意，作者并不感到尴尬。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，我们开车经过一片空地，凯发现空地上布满了废弃的气球，于是我们的清理工作就开始了。A. apologized道歉；B. confirmed证实；C. spotted发现；D. explained解释。根据上文“Our cleanup project began”以及该句中的“the field was covered by ____3____ balloons.”发现的东西，可推知，此处应表示作者的女儿发现空地上布满了废弃的气球，于是准备清理这些。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天，我们开车经过一片空地，凯发现空地上布满了废弃的气球，于是我们的清理工作就开始了。A. loose宽松的；B. magic魔力的；C. processed加工过的；D. abandoned废弃的。根据上文“picking up candy wrappers and plastic bottles”捡起糖纸和塑料瓶，可知，此处应表示作者和女儿清理废弃的气球。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们读过关于动物如何把气球误认为食物的书。A. trade贸易；B. mistake把……误认为；C. replace代替；D. change改变。根据上文提到作者和女儿准备清理废弃的气球，以及该句中的“balloons for food”可知，此处应表示作者读过关于动物如何把气球误认为食物的书。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：“停车，”凯说，我把车停在路边。A. pulled over靠边停车；B. blew up炸毁；C. turned down拒绝；D. gave in屈服，让步。根据上文凯说的话““Stop,””可知，此处为作者听到女儿说的话后，把车停在了路边。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，我们发现除了气球外，田野里到处都是垃圾。A. due to由于；B. ahead of在……之前；C. other than除了；D. instead of反而。根据上文“Surprisingly, we found the field was full of much trash”令人惊讶的是，发现很多垃圾，可知，此处应表示我们发现除了气球外，田野里到处都是垃圾。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后每个星期五，我们都会回来定期打扫卫生。A. official官方的；B. serious严重的；C. optional可选择的；D. regular定期的。根据句意自己该句中的“Then each Friday”可知，此处应表示作者他们会定期回来打扫卫生。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，似乎我们永远不可能完全清除垃圾。A. deliver分发；B. remove清除；C. track跟踪；D. produce生产。根据上文提到的定期回来打扫卫生，以及该句中的“the trash completely”可知，此处应表示清除垃圾。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有一种近乎愤怒的感觉！A. stress压力；B. comfort安慰；C. anger愤怒；D. pride自豪。根据下文“Why are we making kids clean up our ____10____ It has everything to do with the planet we adults are leaving for kids.”作者发出的疑问，以及认为这一切都与我们成年人留给孩子们的地球有关。由此可推知，作者对此现象是表示愤怒的。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们为什么要让孩子帮我们收拾残局？A. mess杂乱，残局；B. platform平台；C. court法院，球场；D. house房子。根据下文“Plastic pollution is globally distributed and microplastics have even been discovered in human blood.”可知，提到塑料污染遍布全球，由此可推出，此处应表示作者对于让孩子帮我们收拾残局这个事实感到不解。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这不是一个令人愉快的故事，我们创造了垃圾，但我们的下一代清理它们。A. scary可怕的；B. pleasant令人愉快的；C. historic历史上重要的；D. real真实的。根据下文“that we have created trash but our next generation cleans up them.”我们创造了垃圾，但我们的下一代清理它们，由此可知，此处应表示这不是一个令人愉快的故事。故选B项。
32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果成年人认真对待解决塑料污染问题，她还有很多年的时间来决定。A. decide决定；B. struggle斗争；C. survive幸存；D. contribute贡献。根据上文“Now Kai hopes to become a marine biologist to protect sharks one day.”提到决定希望成为一名海洋生物学家，以及下文“if adults get serious about solving plastic pollution.”由此可知，此处应表示如果成年人认真对待解决塑料污染问题，作者女儿还有很多年的时间来决定是否要成为一名海洋生物学家。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们不应该给我们的下一代留下一个病态的星球，并期望他们拯救它。A. safe安全的；B. giant巨大的；C. distant遥远的；D. sick病态的。根据下文“and expect them to save it.”提到拯救地球，可知，此处为作者认为不应该给我们的下一代留下一个病态的星球。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，最令人难忘的是，我们看到一只章鱼在我们的脚边玩耍，这提醒我们一个值得保护的和谐栖息地。A. personally就个人而言；B. memorably难忘地；C. technically技术上；D. universally普偏地。根据上文“The last time our family was at the beach, we still picked up plastic bottles.”提到的上一次的经历，以及该句中的though引出的转折和下文内容可知，此处应表示最令人难忘的一次经历。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，最令人难忘的是，我们看到一只章鱼在我们的脚边玩耍，这提醒我们一个值得保护的和谐栖息地。A. promise承诺；B. threat威胁；C. reminder提醒的事物；D. favor支持。根据句意以及该句中的“a harmonious habitat worth protecting.”可知，此处应表示作者和女儿看到一只章鱼在他们的脚边玩耍，这提醒他们一个值得保护的和谐栖息地。故选C项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A recent report shows an amazing 400 percent year-on-year increase in global durian(榴莲)demand because of the ___36___(prefer) of Chinese consumers. China now plays a key role in the market , consuming as much as 91 percent of global durian. Over the past two years, imports of durian ___37___ (reach) an amazing $6 billion.
In 2022, ASEAN durian exports covered 90 percent of the global total, with Thailand leading as the main exporter, contributing to an ___38___ (impress) 99 percent of ASEAN’s total exports.
Durian, ___39___(know) as the “King of Fruits”, is ___40___tropical(热带的)fruit rich in vitamin C for immune(免疫)support, dietary fiber for digestion(消化)an tioxidants(抗氧化物)an d plenty of essential minerals, ___41___makes it a healthy choice.
___42___,durian is among the high-sugar and high-calorie fruits. Typically, every 100 grams of fresh durian flesh contains about 140 to 160 calories and approximately 16 to 30 grams of natural sugars. It is___43___(strong)recommended that adults consume no more than 200 grams of durian per day.
Durian serves ___44___ a key ingredient in making a delightful series of treats, including delicious durian pastries,cakes, and ice cream. No wonder so many Chinese___45___(addict) to the special taste of this remarkable fruit,regardless of its price.
【答案】36. preference
37. have reached
38. impressive
39. known 40. a
41. which 42. However
43. strongly
44. as 45. are addicted
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了榴莲这种水果的受欢迎程度及其利弊和运用。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：最近的一份报告显示，由于中国消费者的偏好，全球榴莲需求同比增长了400%。分析句子可知，because of后缺少名词作宾语，prefer对应的名词为preference（偏好）。故填preference。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在过去的两年里，榴莲的进口额达到了惊人的60亿美元。根据Over the past two years可知，句子构成现在完成时，主语imports为复数。故填have reached。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：2022年，东盟榴莲出口占全球出口总量的90%，其中泰国是主要出口国，占东盟出口总量的99%。空处用形容词作定语，表示“令人印象深刻的”，用impressive。故填impressive。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：榴莲被誉为“水果之王”，是一种热带水果，富含增强免疫力的维生素C、有助于消化的膳食纤维、抗氧化剂和大量必需矿物质，是健康的选择。空处用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语Durian与know构成逻辑上的被动关系，空处用过去分词。故填known。
【40题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意同上。根据句意可知，榴莲是一种热带水果，空处表示“一种”，为泛指，tropical以辅音音素开头，不定冠词用a。故填a。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意同上。空处缺少关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整句话，作从句的主语，用which引导从句。故填which。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，榴莲属于高糖高热量水果。前文讲榴莲的好处，后文讲到榴莲的糖分很高，前后为转折关系，用However开头。故填However。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：强烈建议成年人每天食用不超过200克的榴莲。空处修饰recommended，表示“强烈地”，用strongly。故填strongly。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：榴莲是制作一系列美味佳肴的关键原料，包括美味的榴莲糕点、蛋糕和冰淇淋。serve as为固定短语，意思为：充当。故填as。
【45题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：难怪如此多的中国人对这种奇特水果的特殊味道着迷，而不顾其价格。空处缺少句子的谓语，Chinese与addict之间为被动关系，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数。故填are addicted。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，目前在英国一所学校交流学习。你的老师请你就中国饮食给同学们做口头交流。内容要点如下:
1.中国人对饮食的理解；
2.经典中国美食推荐
注意:
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Hello, everyone! I’m Li Hua, an exchange student from China. Knowing you are interested in Chinese food, I’m very glad to tell you something about it.
For Chinese, eating is not only a way of surviving but also reveals your attitude towards life. Having a good meal, tasty and healthy, means happiness.
And I’d like to recommend some delicious Chinese food to you. The first is hot pot, which originates from Sichuan. When eating hotpot, you can put everything you like in the boiling water in the oven. It's very spicy but delicious. And the next is Zong zi. It is a kind of food made by rice wrapped in bamboo leaves. And I prefer sweet Zongzi.
That’s all. Hope this can help you better understand Chinese food.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生介绍一下中国饮食，包括中国人对饮食的理解和介绍一些美食。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：1. 中国人对饮食的理解；
2. 经典中国美食推荐。
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
Exchange student; Chinese food ; attitude towards life; tasty and healthy; recommend; hotpot,; originates from; Zongzi; be wrapped in; bamboo leaves
第三步：连词成句
1. I’m Li Hua, an exchange student from China.
2. eating is not only a way of surviving but also reveals your attitude towards life.
3. Having a good meal, tasty and healthy, means happiness.
4. I’d like to recommend some delicious Chinese food to you.
5. The first is hotpot, which originates from Sichuan.
6.It's very spicy but delicious.
7. It is a kind of food made by rice wrapped in bamboo leaves.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，如：The first is hotpot, which originates from Sichuan.这句话运用了which引导的定语从句；还是用了现在分词作状语，比如Knowing you are interested in Chinese food, I’m very glad to tell you something about it.使用了一些固定词组，如be wrapped in ; be made of; originate from等。全文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
We all make mistakes. Sometimes, it is hard to admit them. However, there is a magic power in this world that can give us the courage to do so.
I grew up in a small town in Ohio. There was a man in town that everyone seemed to know. We all called him Bob. Bob was uneducated. It seemed that because he was good-natured and not very smart,every one teased (戏弄) him.
One day when I was sitting on the porch, he came walking by. I was about 12 years old and thought it would make me feel grown up to tease him like some adults did in the town.
He asked how I was doing. I told him that my father had lost his job, and that we were short of money. I could see my friends laughing in the background so 1 went on with the lie. I had him fooled so completely that every time he asked me a question, I would make the situation seem worse and worse.I knew he made a meager (贫困的) living doing odd jobs, so it seemed funny when he asked me if we needed anything. I told him that we didn’t know if we would have enough to eat. He replied, “You poor thing. I will pray for you.”
That night I heard the door rattle (沙沙响) softly. I thought it was the wind beating against the door. So I didn’t pay much attention to it. Later when I opened the door to go outside, I realized it wasn’t wind.
注意：1．续写词数应为150词左右;
2．请按如下格式作答。
On the doorstep, I found a box of food with a note beside it.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next evening, with a big apple pie made by myself, I stood at the doorstep of Bob’s house.
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【答案】 On the doorstep, l found a box of food with a note beside it. Upon seeing the food, I knew who had sent it. My facing burning with shame, I took the box inside with care. Packed in the box were some sandwiches, a bottle of milk and some fruit. I picked up the note, on which some words were carefully written, “Sorry, I can only get you these. Hope you like them. I will always pray for you.” The moment I finished reading the note, tears rolled down my face. How could I lie to a person with such a gentle heart I knew it was time to make up for my mistake.
The next evening, with a big apple pie made by myself, I stood at the doorstep of Bob’s house. Having gathered up my courage, I knocked on the door. Bob seemed to be a little surprised when he saw me outside. He explained that it was no big deal and that I needn’t have come to thank him. I lowered my head, apologizing to him for my silly behavior. To my surprise, he just smiled and patted me on the shoulder, saying, “It’s OK. Now shall we take a bite of this yummy apple pie ” I raised my head and nodded with tears of joy. Thanks to Bob, I have learned the magic power of kindness.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了介绍作者和其他人一样喜欢捉弄Bob。他向Bob谎称爸爸失去工作，表明自己家里很穷，需要帮助，善良Bob向作者予以帮助，Bob的善良让作者很感动，也为自己的谎言感到羞耻。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“在门阶上，我发现了一盒食物，旁边有一张纸条。”可知，第一段可描写作者发现食物以及纸条的内容后内心的感受，以及作者决定弥补自己的错误。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天晚上，我拿着自己做的大苹果派站在Bob家的台阶上。”可知，第二段可描写作者向Bob承认错误并向Bob道歉以及作者内心的感触。
2.续写线索：作弄Bob——谎称需要帮助——Bob无私帮助——内心愧疚——道歉——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①解释：explain/ account for
②弥补：make up for / compensate for
③回复：reply/ response
情绪类
①高兴的：joy /delighted /glad
②吃惊的：surprised /astonished
【点睛】[高分句型1]He explained that it was no big deal and that I needn’t have come to thank him.（由连接词that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]I picked up the note, on which some words were carefully written, “Sorry, I can only get you these. （由关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句）高二年级第一学期期末冲刺模拟考试
英语试题
满分：150分 考试时间：100分钟
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Many libraries around the world are as amazing in their architecture and organization as they are in the huge amount of knowledge they contain. With shelves and shelves of books, various collections and amazing historical and cultural displays, there are plenty of undiscovered wonders. More information of them is just a click away.
Beinecke Rare Book Library (New Haven, Connecticut)
Yale University has one of the most beautiful college campuses in America, and one of its most interesting features is the Beinecke Rare Book Library. It is one of the largest buildings in the world devoted to rare books and manuscripts of famous people. From 2015-16 the library building was closed for 18 months for major improvement. Inside there is a statue of its main founder that rises up high.
Vennesla Library (Vennesla, Norway)
Located near the southernmost tip of Norway, Vennesla Library is more than a collection of books — it’s a city cultural center and meeting place. The building hosts a coffee shop, open meeting spaces, classrooms for children and adult education courses, and a cinema. It is mainly built out of wood. The long, thin beams on the inside were designed to look like the inside of a whale.
Suzzallo Library (Seattle)
Among the many beautiful features of the campus at the University of Washington, such as its cherry flowers and a light rail station, Suzzallo Library was built in the Collegiate Gothic style. Its buttresses are decorated with 18 statues featuring famous academics and writers such as Plato, Shakespeare, Leonardo da Vinci, Dante, Galileo, Beethoven, Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin.
Library of Muyinga (Muyinga, Burundi)
A school for deaf children, the Library of Muyinga in Burundi was built with local techniques and traditions. A rope hammock that hangs between the first and second floors of the library serves as part of the children’s reading room, a great place for indoor activities.
1. What makes Vennesla Library different from others
A. It is built in the shape of a whale. B. It is mainly intended for children
C. It is a kind of culture complex. D. It is located within the campus.
2. Which one is suitable for people who want to appreciate statues
A. Vennesla Library. B. Beinecke Rare Book Library.
C. Library of Muyinga. D. Suzzallo Library.
3. Where is the text probably taken from
A A travel brochure. B. A culture magazine.
C. A historical book. D. A website.
B
For the past 15 years, Denise has taught at a community school where students face significant economic and language challenges. In 2016, Denise met Dr. Jane Goodall at an event in the Bronx. Like Dr. Jane, Denise, who has a background in forestry, is always connected with nature and animals. Soon after, she started a Roots &Shoots program at her school. “I love to inspire that same connection in my students, ”said Denise.
To kick off their project, Denise introduced her group (19 first graders and 8 fifth-graders) to community mapping. “Where do you live What’s the name of your county What’s the name of your state ”she asked. “So it starts in your own backyard, ”she explains, “and it progresses across the street to the park, where you see urban wildlife, and finally you start to look at the bigger picture. ”Students then observed homeless cats outside their school, and together, they took action to return them to where they were found.
The students led the entire project. “I was just a guide, "says Denise. “But that’s the point:They are going to love science and animals. They know they are the future and that they are the people who are the keepers of this planet. ”She also notes that students come to understand what positive choices can have: They discover their own strengths and even weaknesses. They identify partners’ efforts and they form friendships and bonds.
But ultimately, says Denise, “my goal was to try to teach compassion, namely sympathy. That’s the biggest payoff she tries to convey to her students.” For other educators with a willing heart, she offers a few words of advice: Get students outside—even just to walk around the school grounds, guide them to build trust and put themselves in other’s shoes, and never give up!
4 What does the underlined phrase “that same connection” probably refer to
A. Love for nature and animals.
B. Desire for a higher social status.
C. Denise and Goodall’s relationship.
D. Courage to explore the unknown.
5. Which of the following might Denise agree with
A. There are many homeless cats to handle.
B. A bigger picture is built on urban wildlife.
C. Change may start from small things around.
D. Every kid should know their own county.
6. What is the third paragraph mainly about
A. Ways to brave hardships in life.
B. The project’s impact on students.
C. Links between human and nature.
D. Challenges to face in the future.
7. What does Denise most highlight in teaching
A. Being sympathetic. B. Remaining responsible.
C. Staying determined. D. Keeping sharp-minded.
C
I spoke to my parents last night and for a moment I forgot I wasn’t really speaking to them, but to their digital replicas (复制品). They live inside an app as voice assistants constructed by the company HereAfter AI.
In fact, my parents are still alive and well; their virtual versions were made to help me understand the technology. Grief tech, which lets you “talk” with the people you’ve loved and lost, has been appearing in science fiction. But now it’s becoming a reality. Although the thought of it makes some frightened, it’s not hard to see the appeal that people might turn to digital replicas for comfort.
However, there is one major limitation. These replicas may sound like someone you love, but they know nothing about you. Anyone can talk to them, and get the same reply in the same tone. “The biggest issue with the technology is the idea that you can generate a single universal person,” says Justin Harrison, founder of a technological service.
Creating a virtual avatar you can have more conversation with contributes to your feeling connected to someone you loved and lost, says Erin Thompson, a clinical psychologist. But a grieving person needs to know that these bots can only capture a small part of someone rather than replace healthy, functional human relationships.
And there are other risks. Any service that allows you to create a digital replica of someone without that person’s participation raises complex moral issues. While some might argue that permission is less important with someone who is dead, can’t you also argue that the person who generated the other side of the conversation should have a say too And what if that person is not, in fact, dead
If digital replicas become mainstream, there will inevitably need to be new regulations around what we leave behind online. And we’ll be better off if we cope with the possibility of these replicas’ misuse before, not after, they reach mass adoption.
Anyway, I feel lucky to still have the precious opportunity to spend more time with my parents, face to face, no technology involved.
8. Which of the following is not a drawback of digital replicas
A. They can’t vary their response accordingly.
B. They can’t mirror every aspect of a person.
C. They may pose threat to the interests of people alive.
D. It’s hard to gain permission from someone who is not alive.
9. What’s the author’s attitude towards grief tech
A. Favorable. B. Reasonable. C. Critical. D. Indifferent.
10. According to the last two paragraphs, what inspiration did the author draw from his experience
A. Technology is advancing faster than imagined.
B. Safety risks can be surely avoided by regulations.
C. Replicas will not be misused before widely adopted.
D. Cherish the beloved ones when they are still around.
11. What’s the main idea of the passage
A. Reflections on grief tech. B. Ways to overcome our grief.
C. Technology to change our life. D. Controversy over digital replicas.
D
No one likes interruption. We are born to seek balance and order. No matter what it is that you are doing, being interrupted involves a forceful stop midway and then having to re-enter your previous state, sometimes with great difficulty.
Popular belief has it that interruption breaks the flow of your thinking and affects productivity negatively, and so it is advisable that you have an uninterrupted session of intensive work before your next break.
However, a Russian psychologist, Bluma Zeigarnik, might tell you otherwise.
The connection between interruption and memory came to her attention when she was dining in a restaurant. She noticed how the waitresses had an amazing memory of the detailed orders yet to be paid for, but scarce memory of the orders that were already completed.
Back in her laboratory, she conducted studies in which subjects were required to complete various puzzles. Some of the subjects were interrupted during the tasks. All the subjects were then asked to describe what tasks they had done. It turns out that adults remembered the interrupted tasks 90% better than the completed tasks, and that children were even more likely to recall the uncompleted tasks. In other words, uncompleted tasks will stay on your mind until you finish them!
In comparison to tasks that were already finished and ones that we haven’t even started, half-done projects are given the priority in the mental to-do list our brains sketch out for us. Zeigarnik described this finding in her doctoral thesis (论文) in the late 1920s, which was later called Zeigarnik effect.
One possible explanation is that with interrupted tasks, we are desperate for their closure to reclaim a sense of balance. Finishing them also means that we can finally clear up the mental backlog (积压的工作) and give the space to more upcoming tasks.
Zeigarnik’s effect can be found everywhere, especially used in media and advertising. Have you ever wondered why cliffhangers work so well or why you just can’t get yourself to stop watching that series on Netflix
Ernest Hemingway once said about writing a novel, “It is the wait until the next day that is hard to get through.” So next time, when you are interrupted, appreciate it and take advantage of it to promote your productivity.
12. What is a common practice to finish a task
A Working in a focused period. B. Working with occasional breaks.
C. Working with a stop midway. D. Working in an interrupted session.
13. What is the finding of the Zeigarnik’s experiment
A. Interruption recalls details. B. Interruption betters memory.
C. Interruption disturbs balance. D. Interruption reduces productivity.
14. Which of the following is an example of the application of Zeigarnik’s effect
A. Fashion shows. B. Online news.
C. Talk shows. D. TV series.
15. What is the possible reason behind Zeigarnik’s effect
A. The desire for balance. B. The physical backlog.
C. The outside pressure. D. The upcoming tasks.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever heard someone say, “breakfast is the most important meal of the day”, or give you advice about why it’s vital to start the day with a healthy breakfast. ___16___ Is it really that important In a sense, it really matters.
Energy restoration
The word “breakfast” comes from “breaking the fast” — the idea of ending the period in which we didn’t eat during the night. The regeneration process that takes place while we sleep consumes some of our natural food reserves to heal our bodies. ___17___ So in that way, a healthy breakfast makes sense.
Weight management
There are also many often-quoted studies which seem to link a state of obesity with skipping breakfast. ___18___ In a US study, 50,000 people were monitored over seven years, and those who ate a healthy breakfast were found to have a lower BMI, which seems to suggest that breakfast may indeed help people maintain a healthy weight.
Better brain function
___19___ Breakfast is also associated with improved brain function, including concentration and language. A review of 54 studies found that eating breakfast can improve memory, though the effects on other brain functions were inconclusive. However, one of the researchers says there is reasonable evidence that breakfast does improve concentration.
What’s most important is what we eat for breakfast. High-protein breakfasts have been found particularly effective in reducing food cravings and consumption later in the day. However, studies found that there is no agreement on what type of breakfast is healthier. ___20___
A. Breakfast helps us refill the exhausted stores.
B. This feast is necessarily gives us a new start.
C. Weight-loss is likely to cause them health problems.
D. Breakfast has been found to affect more than just weight.
E. Thus, it is suggested that a healthy breakfast can regulate and lose weight.
F. Many people are recommended to manage their weight by skipping meals.
G. Breakfast types don’t matter as much as simply eating something.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My 5-year-old daughter Kai walked around a bus stop, picking up candy wrappers and plastic bottles and throwing them in the waste bin. We were a visiting family here, but she was cleaning the sidewalk, which didn’t shock me, nor was I ____21____ when strangers looked at us.
Our cleanup project began when we drove past an empty field one day and Kai ____22____ the field was covered by ____23____ balloons. We had read about how animals could ____24____ balloons for food. “Stop,” Kai said, and I ____25____. Surprisingly, we found the field was full of much trash ____26____ the balloons. “Can we come back and clean it ” Kai asked. Then each Friday, we returned to have a(n) ____27____ cleaning.
However, it seems we can never ____28____ the trash completely. I feel something close to ____29____! Why are we making kids clean up our _____30_____ It has everything to do with the planet we adults are leaving for kids. Plastic pollution is globally distributed and microplastics have even been discovered in human blood. It is not a _____31_____ story that we have created trash but our next generation cleans up them.
Now Kai hopes to become a marine biologist to protect sharks one day. She still has many years to _____32_____, if adults get serious about solving plastic pollution. We shouldn’t leave our next generation a _____33_____ planet and expect them to save it.
The last time our family was at the beach, we still picked up plastic bottles. Most _____34_____, though, we saw an octopus (章鱼) playing around our feet, a _____35_____ of a harmonious habitat worth protecting.
21. A. embarrassed B. discouraged C. concerned D. frightened
22. A. apologized B. confirmed C. spotted D. explained
23 A. loose B. magic C. processed D. abandoned
24. A. trade B. mistake C. replace D. change
25. A. pulled over B. blew up C. turned down D. gave in
26. A. due to B. ahead of C. other than D. instead of
27. A. official B. serious C. optional D. regular
28. A. deliver B. remove C. track D. produce
29. A. stress B. comfort C. anger D. pride
30. A. mess B. platform C. court D. house
31. A. scary B. pleasant C. historic D. real
32. A. decide B. struggle C. survive D. contribute
33. A. safe B. giant C. distant D. sick
34. A. personally B. memorably C. technically D. universally
35. A. promise B. threat C. reminder D. favor
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A recent report shows an amazing 400 percent year-on-year increase in global durian(榴莲)demand because of the ___36___(prefer) of Chinese consumers. China now plays a key role in the market , consuming as much as 91 percent of global durian. Over the past two years, imports of durian ___37___ (reach) an amazing $6 billion.
In 2022, ASEAN durian exports covered 90 percent of the global total, with Thailand leading as the main exporter, contributing to an ___38___ (impress) 99 percent of ASEAN’s total exports.
Durian, ___39___(know) as the “King of Fruits”, is ___40___tropical(热带的)fruit rich in vitamin C for immune(免疫)support, dietary fiber for digestion(消化)an tioxidants(抗氧化物)an d plenty of essential minerals, ___41___makes it a healthy choice.
___42___,durian is among the high-sugar and high-calorie fruits. Typically, every 100 grams of fresh durian flesh contains about 140 to 160 calories and approximately 16 to 30 grams of natural sugars. It is___43___(strong)recommended that adults consume no more than 200 grams of durian per day.
Durian serves ___44___ a key ingredient in making a delightful series of treats, including delicious durian pastries,cakes, and ice cream. No wonder so many Chinese___45___(addict) to the special taste of this remarkable fruit,regardless of its price.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假如你是李华，目前在英国一所学校交流学习。你的老师请你就中国饮食给同学们做口头交流。内容要点如下:
1.中国人对饮食的理解；
2.经典中国美食推荐。
注意:
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
We all make mistakes. Sometimes, it is hard to admit them. However, there is a magic power in this world that can give us the courage to do so.
I grew up in a small town in Ohio. There was a man in town that everyone seemed to know. We all called him Bob. Bob was uneducated. It seemed that because he was good-natured and not very smart,every one teased (戏弄) him.
One day when I was sitting on the porch, he came walking by. I was about 12 years old and thought it would make me feel grown up to tease him like some adults did in the town.
He asked how I was doing. I told him that my father had lost his job, and that we were short of money. I could see my friends laughing in the background so 1 went on with the lie. I had him fooled so completely that every time he asked me a question, I would make the situation seem worse and worse.I knew he made a meager (贫困的) living doing odd jobs, so it seemed funny when he asked me if we needed anything. I told him that we didn’t know if we would have enough to eat. He replied, “You poor thing. I will pray for you.”
That night I heard the door rattle (沙沙响) softly. I thought it was the wind beating against the door. So I didn’t pay much attention to it. Later when I opened the door to go outside, I realized it wasn’t wind.
注意：1．续写词数应为150词左右;
2．请按如下格式作答。
On the doorstep, I found a box of food with a note beside it.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next evening, with a big apple pie made by myself, I stood at the doorstep of Bob’s house.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
