Unit 7 International charities Grammar 任务单 牛津译林版八年级英语下册（无答案）
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| 名称 | Unit 7 International charities Grammar 任务单 牛津译林版八年级英语下册（无答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-01-08 11:07:50 | ||
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8B Unit7 International charities
Grammar
【学习目标】
1、学习被动语态 2、正确区分主动于被动语态
【基础部分】
一. 语态概述
英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态中主语是动作的执行者。例如：Many people speak English.谓语speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态中主语是动作的承受者，例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。
二. 被动语态在不同时态中的构成
被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词done”构成。人称、数和时态的变化通过be的变化表现。
一般现在时 am/ is/ are done 一般过去时 was / were dome
现在进行时 am/ is / are/ being done 过去进行时 was / were being done
现在完成时 have/ has been done 过去完成时 had been done
一般将来时 will / shall be done 过去将来时 would be done
情态动词 can/may/must/should be done 不定式 to be done
介词后面 stop…from being done
三. 被动语态的使用语境：
(1) 不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
例如：Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的)
This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。
(2) 强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
例如：The window was broken by Mike.窗户是迈克打破的。
This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。
四. 主动语态变被动语态的方法
主动语态：
+ +
被动语态： + +
例如：All the people laughed at him. They make the bikes in the factory.
He was laughed at by all people. The bikes are made by them in the factory.
Who designed this CD-ROM Whom was this CD-ROM designed by
By whom was this CD-ROM designed
注意点：①含有双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时，可以将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动。
例如：The teacher gave the pupils some advice.
间接宾语 直接宾语
The pupils were given some advice by the teacher.
Some advice was given to the pupils by the teacher.
My parents bought me a new computer.
I was bought a new computer by my parents.
A new computer was bought for me by my parents.
② 主动语态中含有复合宾语（宾语加宾语补足语）变为被动语态时，只能将句子中的宾语作为被动语态的主语，而宾语补足语不能作为被动语态的主语。
例如： We found the film interesting. = The film was found interesting.
They thinks it hard to work out this problem. = It is thought hard to work out this problem.
③在主动语态中动词make, let, have, see, hear, find, watch等后面接省略to 的不定式，但变成被动语态后，后面的不定式需加上to.
make sb. do sth. = sb. be made to do sth.
let sb. do sth. = sb. be let to do sth.
have sb. do sth. = sb. be had to do sth.
see sb. do sth. = sb. be seen to do sth.
hear sb. do sth = sb. be heard to do sth.
find sb. do sth. = sb. be found to do sth.
watch sb. do sth. = sb. be watched to do st
例如：A small boy saw him enter the house.= He was seen to enter the room by a small boy.
五. 情态动词后的被动语态:
含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，
例如：We can repair this watch in two days. =This watch can be repaired in two days.
You mustn’t take this book out of the library. = This book mustn’t be taken out of the library.
六. 不定式中的被动语态：(not) to be done
I hope __________(invite) to the party.
He doesn’t want ____________(look) after too much by his parents.
He used to _______________(take ) to the school by his father in the car.
Some actions have to ___________(take) to reduce the pollution.
七. 介词后面的被动语态： from being done
We should try to keep the trees from ____________(cut) down.
I’m worried about _____________(leave ) alone at home.
He is used to _______________(take) care of by other people.
八. 固定用法：
①It is said (that)+ 宾语从句 据说…… It is said that he is good at Japanese.
②It is thought（that）+宾语从句 据认为…… It is thought that he is the only survivor of this earthquake.
③sb/ sth. need(s) doing = need(d) to be done 需要被。。。
These flowers need watering. = The flowers need to be watered.
The old people need taking good care of. = The old people need to be taken good care of.
④be crowded with 挤满了…… The bus is crowded with the people rushing to work.
⑤be covered with 覆盖着…… The whole village is covered with the snow.
⑥be named/ called 名叫 The baby is named Mary.
⑦be dressed 穿着 She is dressed in white like a princess.
⑧be married 结婚 Mr.John was married last month.
⑨be born 出生 Princess Laura was born in the magic world.
⑩be hurt 受伤 Luckily, nobody was hurt in this earthquake.
⑾be well- known for/ as 因为/作为……而著名 Suzhou is well-known for its Chinese gardens.
⑿ be lost 丢失了 The boy was lost because of carelessness.
九. 不能用被动语态的情况：
①不及物动词没有被动语态：take place , happen , appear, disappear, come out, belong to
昨晚发生了一场火灾。 A fire happened last night.
运动会每年举行一次。 The sports meeting takes place once a year.
看！天空中出现了一个闪电。 Look! A lightning appears in the sky.
这张新的光盘刚刚出版。A new CD-ROM has just come out.
这支笔是丹尼尔的。 This pen belongs to Daniel.
②系动词没有被动语态：feel, sound, look, seem, smell, taste, stay ,get , keep (除了keep sb. adj.)
这朵花闻起来很香。This flower smells nice.
鱼尝起来很好吃。 The fish tastes nice.
③说明物体的属性：
这支笔写起来很好写。 This pen writes well.
这条裤子很容易洗。 This pair of trousers washes easily.
这把椅子坐起来很舒服。 This chair sits comfortably.
儿童服装卖得很好 The children’s clothes sell well.
【拓展巩固部分】
A
1．—China is getting stronger and stronger.
—Yes. So Chinese ________ by more and more foreigners.
A．learns B．learned C．is learned D．was learned
2．English ________ by Chinese people as a foreign language.
A．speaks B．is spoken C．is speaking D．be spoken
3．You might not know _______ , but you might have heard of the Morandi colors（莫兰迪色）. These colors _______ after Giorgio Morandi, an Italian painter.
A．who is Morandi; are named B．who is Morandi; named
C．who Morandi is; are named D．who Morandi is; named
4．If more trees________ , our city will be more and more beautiful.
A．plant B．planted C．are planted D．were planted
5．— When shall we go and play basketball
— Not until the work ________.
A．is finished B．finishes C．will finish D．will be finished
6．We are made ________ more confident by our teacher.
A．to be B．being C．be D. been
7．The sun and its planets are _________ the solar system.
A．call B．calling C．called D．to call
8．—Can you go to the cinema with me tonight
—I’ll ask my mum. If I ________, I will go with you.
A．allow B．allowed C．was allowed D．am allowed
9．We will fly a kite as soon as your homework ________.
A．finishes B.will be finished C．has finished D．is finished
10．Another two months will be needed before the new bridge ________.
A．completes B．is completed C．has completed D．will be completed
11．—Mum, can I go to the zoo with Linda
—When your homework ________, you can.
A．is finished B．was finished C．finishes D．finished
12．Hong Kong ________ to be a good place for eating today.
A．knows B．knew C．is known D．was known
13．—Excuse me, what’s this for
—It’s a cleaner and it ________ to pick up dirt.
A．uses B．is used C．is using D．used
14．Two thirds of the farmland here ________ with ice.
A．is covering B．is covered C．are covering D．are covered
15．Last month three small parks ________ in the south of Chang’an.
A．will be built B．am being built C．are built D．were built
16．When Tim ______ why he was late for school, he just kept silent (沉默的).
A．asked B．was asking C．was asked D．is asking
17．—Were those Christmas presents ________ the children in the hospital
—Yes, Heidi will ________ a toy car as a present this year.
A．bought for; be given B．buy to; give C．bought for; be given to D．bought; be giving
18．The students ________ how to do the experiment in class yesterday.
A．were taught B．taught C．was taught D．teach
19．The books ________ to the library the other day.
A．were returned B．returned C．will return D. will be returned
20．—Do you know Earth Day
—Sure. It ________ in 1970 to tell us to protect our planet.
A．sets up B．set up C．is set up D．was set up
21.China has offered much help to Japan since it ______ by the earthquake and tsunami(海啸).
A. hits B. is hit C. was hit D. will be hit
22.An accident ____on this road last week.
A. has been happened B. was happened C. was happened D. happened
23. ---Would you please tell me whom the drawing _________ ---A young painter did.
was painted B. was painted by C. is painted D. is painted by
24. ---A strange old man was seen ________ in the garden the whole morning. Who allowed him _________ the garden
A. digging, to enter B. to digging, entering C. dug, entering into D. to dig, entering
25. More support _______to ______our project if we ask them for help.
A.will provide, be carried on with B. will be offered, carry on
C.is offered, carry on D. will be provided, carry on with
26. After___________, we feel more confident to carry on ____________.
A.being trained; our work B. training; working
C. trained; with our work D. being trained; to work
27. Don’t be afraid of _______. In fact, what _______ you are doing!
A.being laughed at, meaningful work B. laughing at, a meaningful work
C.being laughed , a meaningful job D.to be laughed at, meaningful work
28. ____ the patients who have been ____the heart diseases can’t afford ______.
A.Mostly, treated for, to do the operations B. Most, cured for, to be operated on
C.Most of , cured of, the operations D. Most of, treated of, to go to schoo
29. It is said that a new museum __________ before the old one _____next month.
A.will be opened, is pulled down B.was opened, is pulled down
was open, will be pulled down D.will be open, will pull down
30. The patient is badly hurt. He needs ____ at once.
A.to operate on B.to be operated C. operating D.an operation
31._____ a new library _____ in our school last year
A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build
32. An accident ____ on this road last week.
A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened
33.Cotton（棉花）____ in the southeast of China.
A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow
34.So far, the moon ____ by man already.
A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited
35.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week.
A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives
Grammar
【学习目标】
1、学习被动语态 2、正确区分主动于被动语态
【基础部分】
一. 语态概述
英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态中主语是动作的执行者。例如：Many people speak English.谓语speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态中主语是动作的承受者，例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。
二. 被动语态在不同时态中的构成
被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词done”构成。人称、数和时态的变化通过be的变化表现。
一般现在时 am/ is/ are done 一般过去时 was / were dome
现在进行时 am/ is / are/ being done 过去进行时 was / were being done
现在完成时 have/ has been done 过去完成时 had been done
一般将来时 will / shall be done 过去将来时 would be done
情态动词 can/may/must/should be done 不定式 to be done
介词后面 stop…from being done
三. 被动语态的使用语境：
(1) 不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
例如：Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的)
This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。
(2) 强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
例如：The window was broken by Mike.窗户是迈克打破的。
This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。
四. 主动语态变被动语态的方法
主动语态：
+ +
被动语态： + +
例如：All the people laughed at him. They make the bikes in the factory.
He was laughed at by all people. The bikes are made by them in the factory.
Who designed this CD-ROM Whom was this CD-ROM designed by
By whom was this CD-ROM designed
注意点：①含有双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时，可以将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动。
例如：The teacher gave the pupils some advice.
间接宾语 直接宾语
The pupils were given some advice by the teacher.
Some advice was given to the pupils by the teacher.
My parents bought me a new computer.
I was bought a new computer by my parents.
A new computer was bought for me by my parents.
② 主动语态中含有复合宾语（宾语加宾语补足语）变为被动语态时，只能将句子中的宾语作为被动语态的主语，而宾语补足语不能作为被动语态的主语。
例如： We found the film interesting. = The film was found interesting.
They thinks it hard to work out this problem. = It is thought hard to work out this problem.
③在主动语态中动词make, let, have, see, hear, find, watch等后面接省略to 的不定式，但变成被动语态后，后面的不定式需加上to.
make sb. do sth. = sb. be made to do sth.
let sb. do sth. = sb. be let to do sth.
have sb. do sth. = sb. be had to do sth.
see sb. do sth. = sb. be seen to do sth.
hear sb. do sth = sb. be heard to do sth.
find sb. do sth. = sb. be found to do sth.
watch sb. do sth. = sb. be watched to do st
例如：A small boy saw him enter the house.= He was seen to enter the room by a small boy.
五. 情态动词后的被动语态:
含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，
例如：We can repair this watch in two days. =This watch can be repaired in two days.
You mustn’t take this book out of the library. = This book mustn’t be taken out of the library.
六. 不定式中的被动语态：(not) to be done
I hope __________(invite) to the party.
He doesn’t want ____________(look) after too much by his parents.
He used to _______________(take ) to the school by his father in the car.
Some actions have to ___________(take) to reduce the pollution.
七. 介词后面的被动语态： from being done
We should try to keep the trees from ____________(cut) down.
I’m worried about _____________(leave ) alone at home.
He is used to _______________(take) care of by other people.
八. 固定用法：
①It is said (that)+ 宾语从句 据说…… It is said that he is good at Japanese.
②It is thought（that）+宾语从句 据认为…… It is thought that he is the only survivor of this earthquake.
③sb/ sth. need(s) doing = need(d) to be done 需要被。。。
These flowers need watering. = The flowers need to be watered.
The old people need taking good care of. = The old people need to be taken good care of.
④be crowded with 挤满了…… The bus is crowded with the people rushing to work.
⑤be covered with 覆盖着…… The whole village is covered with the snow.
⑥be named/ called 名叫 The baby is named Mary.
⑦be dressed 穿着 She is dressed in white like a princess.
⑧be married 结婚 Mr.John was married last month.
⑨be born 出生 Princess Laura was born in the magic world.
⑩be hurt 受伤 Luckily, nobody was hurt in this earthquake.
⑾be well- known for/ as 因为/作为……而著名 Suzhou is well-known for its Chinese gardens.
⑿ be lost 丢失了 The boy was lost because of carelessness.
九. 不能用被动语态的情况：
①不及物动词没有被动语态：take place , happen , appear, disappear, come out, belong to
昨晚发生了一场火灾。 A fire happened last night.
运动会每年举行一次。 The sports meeting takes place once a year.
看！天空中出现了一个闪电。 Look! A lightning appears in the sky.
这张新的光盘刚刚出版。A new CD-ROM has just come out.
这支笔是丹尼尔的。 This pen belongs to Daniel.
②系动词没有被动语态：feel, sound, look, seem, smell, taste, stay ,get , keep (除了keep sb. adj.)
这朵花闻起来很香。This flower smells nice.
鱼尝起来很好吃。 The fish tastes nice.
③说明物体的属性：
这支笔写起来很好写。 This pen writes well.
这条裤子很容易洗。 This pair of trousers washes easily.
这把椅子坐起来很舒服。 This chair sits comfortably.
儿童服装卖得很好 The children’s clothes sell well.
【拓展巩固部分】
A
1．—China is getting stronger and stronger.
—Yes. So Chinese ________ by more and more foreigners.
A．learns B．learned C．is learned D．was learned
2．English ________ by Chinese people as a foreign language.
A．speaks B．is spoken C．is speaking D．be spoken
3．You might not know _______ , but you might have heard of the Morandi colors（莫兰迪色）. These colors _______ after Giorgio Morandi, an Italian painter.
A．who is Morandi; are named B．who is Morandi; named
C．who Morandi is; are named D．who Morandi is; named
4．If more trees________ , our city will be more and more beautiful.
A．plant B．planted C．are planted D．were planted
5．— When shall we go and play basketball
— Not until the work ________.
A．is finished B．finishes C．will finish D．will be finished
6．We are made ________ more confident by our teacher.
A．to be B．being C．be D. been
7．The sun and its planets are _________ the solar system.
A．call B．calling C．called D．to call
8．—Can you go to the cinema with me tonight
—I’ll ask my mum. If I ________, I will go with you.
A．allow B．allowed C．was allowed D．am allowed
9．We will fly a kite as soon as your homework ________.
A．finishes B.will be finished C．has finished D．is finished
10．Another two months will be needed before the new bridge ________.
A．completes B．is completed C．has completed D．will be completed
11．—Mum, can I go to the zoo with Linda
—When your homework ________, you can.
A．is finished B．was finished C．finishes D．finished
12．Hong Kong ________ to be a good place for eating today.
A．knows B．knew C．is known D．was known
13．—Excuse me, what’s this for
—It’s a cleaner and it ________ to pick up dirt.
A．uses B．is used C．is using D．used
14．Two thirds of the farmland here ________ with ice.
A．is covering B．is covered C．are covering D．are covered
15．Last month three small parks ________ in the south of Chang’an.
A．will be built B．am being built C．are built D．were built
16．When Tim ______ why he was late for school, he just kept silent (沉默的).
A．asked B．was asking C．was asked D．is asking
17．—Were those Christmas presents ________ the children in the hospital
—Yes, Heidi will ________ a toy car as a present this year.
A．bought for; be given B．buy to; give C．bought for; be given to D．bought; be giving
18．The students ________ how to do the experiment in class yesterday.
A．were taught B．taught C．was taught D．teach
19．The books ________ to the library the other day.
A．were returned B．returned C．will return D. will be returned
20．—Do you know Earth Day
—Sure. It ________ in 1970 to tell us to protect our planet.
A．sets up B．set up C．is set up D．was set up
21.China has offered much help to Japan since it ______ by the earthquake and tsunami(海啸).
A. hits B. is hit C. was hit D. will be hit
22.An accident ____on this road last week.
A. has been happened B. was happened C. was happened D. happened
23. ---Would you please tell me whom the drawing _________ ---A young painter did.
was painted B. was painted by C. is painted D. is painted by
24. ---A strange old man was seen ________ in the garden the whole morning. Who allowed him _________ the garden
A. digging, to enter B. to digging, entering C. dug, entering into D. to dig, entering
25. More support _______to ______our project if we ask them for help.
A.will provide, be carried on with B. will be offered, carry on
C.is offered, carry on D. will be provided, carry on with
26. After___________, we feel more confident to carry on ____________.
A.being trained; our work B. training; working
C. trained; with our work D. being trained; to work
27. Don’t be afraid of _______. In fact, what _______ you are doing!
A.being laughed at, meaningful work B. laughing at, a meaningful work
C.being laughed , a meaningful job D.to be laughed at, meaningful work
28. ____ the patients who have been ____the heart diseases can’t afford ______.
A.Mostly, treated for, to do the operations B. Most, cured for, to be operated on
C.Most of , cured of, the operations D. Most of, treated of, to go to schoo
29. It is said that a new museum __________ before the old one _____next month.
A.will be opened, is pulled down B.was opened, is pulled down
was open, will be pulled down D.will be open, will pull down
30. The patient is badly hurt. He needs ____ at once.
A.to operate on B.to be operated C. operating D.an operation
31._____ a new library _____ in our school last year
A. Is; built B. Was; built C. Does; build D. Did ; build
32. An accident ____ on this road last week.
A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened
33.Cotton（棉花）____ in the southeast of China.
A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow
34.So far, the moon ____ by man already.
A. is visited B. will be visited C. has been visited D. was visited
35.A talk on Chinese history _____ in the school hall next week.
A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. gives