(共18张PPT)
人教 必修第三册
Unit 4
Period 1
Listening and Speaking
( 英语 )
ENGLISH
新 课 导 入
Look at the picture and talk about how much do you know about him.
Name:
Occupation:
Achievements:
...
Yang Liwei
astronaut
the first Chinese astronaut to go into space.
1）通过听一段访谈对话，了解中国宇航员的选拔条件及过程，从而更深入地了解宇航员这一职业；
2）能在听的过程中准确获取与数字相关的信息；
3）能围绕“你是否愿意成为未来的宇航员？”这一话题展开讨论，自主表达自己的理想与感受。
课 堂 学 习
You are going to listen to an interview with an astronaut. Before you listen, discuss the questions in groups.
1. Can you name any famous astronauts from China or abroad
Zhai Zhigang
翟志刚
Wang Yaping
王亚平
Yuri Gagarin
尤里 加加林
Neil Armstrong
尼尔 阿姆斯特朗
2. Do you know anything about the selection procedure for astronauts
Make a list of the possible requirements.
05
04
03
02
01
good education
flying
experience
excellent
health
rich
knowledge
special
training
Listen to the interview and tick the correct statements.
1. The audience is curious about how Yang Liwei became the first Chinese astronaut.
2. Mr. Yang always believed that he would become an astronaut one day.
3. Mr. Yang was selected to attend pilot training with 13 other people.
4. To become an astronaut in China, you have to have 1350 hour of flying experience.
5. Astronauts not only had to learn how to use space equipment, but also had to do a lot of mental and physical training.
√
√
√
Listen again and fill in the blanks with the correct numbers.
Listen for numbers
Number questions are typically related to: time, telephone numbers, addresses, prices, weights, distances, etc. When you listen for numbers, you need to pay special attention to big numbers as well as those that sound quite similar, such as thirteen and thirty, fourteen and forty, etc.
Yang Liwei graduated from college at the age of _____.
Before he joined China’s space programme, Mr. Yang trained as a fighter pilot for _____ years.
Mr. Yang was one of the _____ pilots who were chosen to train for space flights.
At the time when Mr. Yang entered the space programme, astronauts had to be shorter than _____cm in height and less than _____ kg in weight.
Mr. Yang became China’s first astronaut when he was _____ years old.
22
10
14
172
70
38
Listen again and make a list of the requirements for becoming an astronaut.
Education background:
Experience:
Health condition:
Courses:
Special training:
college degree, trained to be a fighter pilot
more than 1,000 hours of flight experience
be shorter than 172cm in height and less than 70kg in weight
English, science, astronomy
practise using space equipment, and do a lot of physical and mental training
Work in pairs. Discuss whether you would like to be an astronaut in the future and give your reasons. Use what you have learnt from the interview to help you.
EXAMPLE:
A: You know, I think being an astronaut would be cool.
B: Do you want to work in space in the future
A: I’m not sure, but I think it might be too difficult for me. There are so many requirements. First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree. Then you have to …
B: So, what might be the most difficult part for you
A: I guess it might be the …
A: You know, I think being an astronaut would be cool.
B: Do you want to work in space in the future
A: I'm not sure, but I think it might be too difficult for me. There are so many requirements. First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree. Then you have to be a pilot with years of training and practise flying. Finally, you must be really physically and mentally fit.
B: So what might be the most difficult part for you
A: I guess it might be the space travel itself. I'm sure being weightless must be fun, and it would be wonderful to see the Earth and stars from space. But the spacesuit and capsule look terribly small and uncomfortable. It would be hard to stay in such a small space for so long. Also, there's no privacy at all. What if I have to go to the restroom
B: I see what you mean.
Suggested answer
Key words
mental adj. 精神的；思想的；大脑的；存在于脑中的
Eg: Astronauts not only had to learn how to use space equipment, but also had to do a lot of mental and physical training. 宇航员不仅要学习如何使用太空器材，还要做大量的心理和体能训练。
[归纳拓展]
mental activities 思想活动
mental labor 脑力劳动
mental development 智力发展
mental health/illness/problems 心理健康 / 疾病 / 问题
physical and mental health 身心健康
physical and mental conditions 身心状况
[即学即练] 完成句子
1. The research has shown that listening to music or playing instruments can help improve ___________________________(身心状况).
2. It is said that taking exercise is good for __________________(智力发展).
physical and mental conditions
mental development
intelligent adj. 有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的；智能的
Eg: First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree. 首先，你必须足够聪明来获得相关的大学学位。
[归纳拓展]
a highly intelligent student 非常聪明的学生
an intelligent decision 明智的决定
intelligent software/systems 智能软件 / 系统
intelligence n. 智力；聪明；智能
a person of high/low intelligence 智力高/ 低的人
a person of average/normal intelligence 具有平均/ 正常智力水平的人
artificial intelligence 人工智能（AI）
[即学即练] 完成句子
1. Susan is a woman __________________(具有高智力的) who knows her own mind.
2. The first part of the robot’s name, the letters AI, is short for __________________(人工智能).
of high intelligence
artificial intelligence
Read the poem! Mark the stressed syllables with and unstressed syllables with .
Pronunciation
Gravity
One day, Isaac Newton sat
And saw an apple fall.
Then he thought, “It’s not just fruit!
Something pulls us all.”
“There is a force,” he said to himself, “That pulls things to the ground
Not only apples, but all of us
Stay still though Earth spins round.”
Of course, we know that this is true!
Earth goes round but we stay still.
What goes up must come down,
And it always will.
Not only apples, but all of us
Stay still though Earth spins round.”
Of course, we know that this is true!
Earth goes round but we stay still.
What goes up must come down,
And it always will.
One day, Isaac Newton sat
And saw an apple fall.
Then he thought, “It’s not just fruit!
Something pulls us all.”
“There is a force,” he said to himself, “That pulls things to the ground,
Gravity
Listen and repeat after the recording. Check whether your mark-ups are correct.
Now talk about how you can become an astronaut.(共25张PPT)
人教 必修第三册
Unit 4
Period 6
Assessing Your Progress & Project
( 英语 )
ENGLISH
新 课 导 入
Say the meaning of these words or phrases as quickly as possible!
determine
desire
intelligent
provide for sb
independent
facility
figure out
signal
run out
beyond
disappointed
regular
on board
1）通过相关练习，复习本单元重点单词和短语以及巩固不定式作定语和状语的用法；
2）能展示中国的太空探索成就；
3）能通过观看视频，了解火星以及我国的火星探索计划。
课 堂 学 习
Read the passage about Lee's work in space and fill in the blanks with the words and phrases in the box.
agency astronaut data determined
intelligent satellite figure out result in
Lee was busy at work. Unlike most people around the world though, his workplace was in space. There was a problem with a(n) _________. It was supposed to send information about the sun back to the ________ on Earth, but the equipment for sending the ________ was not working properly. So it was Lee's mission to _________ the problem and solve it.
satellite
agency
data
figure out
agency astronaut data determined
intelligent satellite figure out result in
Lee was very _________ as a(n) _________, and he was also very careful. He was __________ to make the satellite work properly again, but he would make sure to be safe. He knew that one small mistake could ________ death.
determined
astronaut
intelligent
result in
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in the box.
send survive prevent reach breathe
step land sleep use help
1. After having succeeded in _________ satellites into space, people wanted to know if it was safe for a human to go into space. On 3 November 1957, a dog named Laika became the first living thing ________ space. She was also the first one to die there.
sending
to reach
2. The USSR and the US both wanted to be the first to send a person to the moon. Later, the US succeeded, and Neil Armstrong became the first man ________ onto the moon. During the first moon landing, astronauts had no vehicles ________, so they had to explore the moon on foot. On the fourth mission ________ on the moon, astronauts took a lunar vehicle so that they could explore places further away.
to step
to use
to land
3. Astronauts must wear spacesuits when they work in space because there is no air _________ and it can be very cold outside the spacecraft. While _________, they must attach themselves to something so as _________ floating around.
4. The accident on the Apollo 13 spacecraft resulted in a loss of oxygen, water, and electrical power. The astronauts on board had to fight _________. At the same time, Houston's Mission Control worked hard ________ the astronauts return to Earth safely.
to breathe
sleeping
to prevent
to survive
to help
send survive prevent reach breathe
step land sleep use help
※ Project: Give a presentation on China’s space exploration
Search online or in the library for information about China’s achievements in space exploration, especially the important technological breakthroughs and space misssions. Organise the information into a table like the one below.
China’s Space Missions
Missions Launch Time Launch Vehicles Astronauts Mission Goals
Shenzhou 1
Shenzhou 2
Shenzhou 3
Shenzhou 4
Shenzhou 5
Shenzhou 6
Shenzhou 7
China’s Space Missions
Missions Launch Time Launch Vehicles Astronauts Mission Goals
Tiangong 1
Shenzhou 8
Shenzhou 9
Shenzhou 10
Tiangong 2
Shenzhou 11
Tianzhou 1
...
China’s Space Missions
Missions Launch Time Launch Vehicles Astronauts Mission Goals
Shenzhou 1 20 November 1999 Long March 2F N/A Test the Long March 2F rocket
Shenzhou 2 10 January 2001 Long March 2F a monkey, a dog, and a rabbit Test life-support systems
Shenzhou 3 25 March 2002 Long March 2F a dummy Test life-support systems and facilities for human flight
Shenzhou 4 30 December 2002 Long March 2F two dummies Final dressed rehearsal for human flight
China’s Space Missions
Missions Launch Time Launch Vehicles Astronauts Mission Goals
Shenzhou 5 15 October 2003 Long March 2F Yang Liwei First Chinese manned flight
Shenzhou 6 12 October 2005 Long March 2F Fei Junlong, Nie Haisheng Scientific experiments; test orbital module
Shenzhou 7 25 September 2008 Long March 2F Zhai Zhigang, Liu Boming, Jing Haipeng Scientific experiments; first Chinese spacewalk
Tiangong 1 29 September 2011 Long March 2F/G N/A Tests for a space station prototype
China’s Space Missions
Missions Launch Time Launch Vehicles Astronauts Mission Goals
Shenzhou 8 1 November 2011 Long March 2F N/A Test unmanned docking with Tianngong 1
Shenzhou 9 16 June 2012 Long March 2F Jing Haipeng, Liu Wang, Liu Yang Test manned docking with Tianngong 1; China’s first female astronaut
Shenzhou 10 11 June 2013 Long March 2F Nie Haisheng, Zhang Xiaoguang, Wang Yaping Dock with Tiangong 1 and conduct experiments
China’s Space Missions
Missions Launch Time Launch Vehicles Astronauts Mission Goals
Tiangong 2 15 September 2016 Long March 2F N/A A replacement for Tiangong 1; a test platform for the design of a future Chinese space station
Shenzhou 11 17 October 2016 Long March 2F Jing Haipeng, Chen Dong Dock with Tiangong 2 and test life-support systems
Tianzhou 1 20 April 2017 Long March 7 N/A An automated cargo spacecraft which tested docking procedures with Tiangong 2
Get into groups. Each group will be assigned several missions. Prepare for the presentation by finding out more details.
Pictures
Interesting stories
Outcomes
News reports
Videos
Prepare a slide presentation using the information you have found.
Show your slide presentation to the whole class.
※ Video Time
Exploring Mars
Mars is truly a fascinating planet for people on Earth. Although exploring the Red Planet has never been easy, scientists are determined to continue their explorations.
How much do you know about Mars
Before you watch
Now read the statements below and decide whether they are true (T) or false (F). Try to guess if you are not sure of the answers.
1. Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the smallest planet in the solar system.
2. It is one of the few planets that we can see with the naked eye.
3. Like Earth, Mars has volcanoes, valleys, polar ice caps, seasons, and weather.
4. Olympus Mons, the largest volcano on Mars, is about twice as high as Mount Qomolangma.
F
T
T
F
___ The probe separates from the launch vehicle.
___ The lander lands on the surface of Mars.
___ The probe enters the Earth-Mars transfer orbit.
___ Controllers on Earth guide the probe into the orbit around Mars.
___ The lander discards the protective shield and the parachute.
___ The space-to-ground communications link is created.
___ The orbiter and the lander separate.
___ The rover transmits data back to Earth and receives orders from Earth.
___ The rover begins to explore the surface of Mars.
1
Work out the meanings of the following sentences.
planetary adj. 星球的
the naked eye 肉眼
volcano n. 火山
Olympus Mons 奥林匹斯山
Mount Qomolangma 珠峰
Valles Marineris 水手谷
carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
blanket v. 覆盖，遮盖
Antarctica n. 南极洲
cap v. 覆盖，加盖于...
protective shield 保护屏
barren adj. 贫瘠的
quest n. 寻求，探索
nevertheless n. 不过，尽管如此
probe n. 探测器
orbiter n. 轨道飞行器
lander n. 着陆器
rover n. 探测车
demonstration n. 演示
transfer v. 移交，转接，转移
orbit n. 轨道
parachute n. 降落伞
discard v. 丢弃，抛弃
voyage n. 航行，航天
While you watch
1 Check your answers in Before You Watch.
___ The probe separates from the launch vehicle.
___ The lander lands on the surface of Mars.
___ The probe enters the Earth-Mars transfer orbit.
___ Controllers on Earth guide the probe into the orbit around Mars.
___ The lander discards the protective shield and the parachute.
___ The space-to-ground communications link is created.
___ The orbiter and the lander separate.
___ The rover transmits data back to Earth and receives orders from Earth.
___ The rover begins to explore the surface of Mars.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2 Put the events in the correct order.
Work in pairs. One student acts as a space expert and the other acts as a reporter. Use what you have learnt from the video to make up an interview.
A: So, tell me about Mars.
B: Well, it's our nearest planetary neighbour, and one of the few planets that we can see with the naked eye.
A: Is it like Earth
B: In many ways it is. For example, it has volcanoes, valleys, and seasons like Earth. However, it is much colder than Earth, and its atmosphere is quite thin.
A: When does China expect to launch its first mission to Mars
B: Around 2020.
After you watch
REFLECTING
What do you think is the most interesting part of an astronaut's life Why
What new information did you learn from this unit
Do you find it easier to use English to express curiosity now
Do you feel more confident about writing an argumentative essay in English
now Why or why not
Overall, I thought this unit was ◎inspiring ◎interesting ◎so-so ◎difficult.(共22张PPT)
人教 必修第三册
Unit 4
Period 3
Discovering Useful Structures
( 英语 )
ENGLISH
新 课 导 入
Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man’s desire to understand.
—Neil Armstrong
To succeed, you must accept all the challenges, can’t just accept the ones you like.
—Mike Gaffka
Find out the infinitives in the sentences and talked about their functions.
attribute
adverbial
1）能分辨用作定语和状语的动词不定式，理解其功能和意义；
2）能正确运用动词不定式作定语和状语。
课 堂 学 习
Look at the following sentences and focus on the italicised infinitives. In pairs, discuss their functions and meanings.
1. I trained for a long time to fly airplanes as a fighter pilot.
2. As we all know, an astronaut needs to be healthy and calm in order to
work in space.
3. First of all, you must be intelligent enough to get a related college degree.
infinitive as the adverbial to express purpose
infinitive as the adverbial to express purpose
infinitive as the adverbial to show the result
4. Some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space.
5. On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space.
infinitive as the attribute to modify sth.
infinitive as the attribute to modify sth.
Find more examples from the unit and figure out their functions.
1. People have always wanted to learn more about space, and scientists work hard to find answers.
2. They make vehicles to carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe.
3. For example, America's NASA space agency launched Voyager 1 on 5 September 1977 to study deep space...
4. These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed, but the desire to explore the universe never died.
5. China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003…
adverbial
adverbial
adverbial
attribute
attribute
adverbial
6. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface.
7. After that, China launched the Tiangong 2 space lab into space and Tianzhou 1 to dock with it.
8. This signalled one step further in China’s plan to establish a space station in the future.
9. More recently, China has sent Chang’e 4 to explore the surface of the far side of the moon to make measurements and observations.
10. Europe, the US, and China all have plans to futher study and explore planets like Mars and Jupiter.
adverbial
adverbial
attribute
both as attributes
attribute
一、动词不定式作定语
不定式作定语，一般都是作后置定语，修饰前面的名词或代词。
1. 作定语的不定式与它所修饰的名词或代词有主谓关系或动宾关系。
Eg: Have you got anything to do this evening
Is there anyone to take care of the children
2. 被修饰的词与动词不定式有主动关系，这时被修饰的名词常常被first，last，second 以及only 等修饰。
sb./sth. be the + 序数词 + ... to do... 某人/ 某物是第……个做……的
Eg: Miss Brown was the next person to rise to speak.
动词不定式作定语和状语
二、动词不定式作状语
1. 不定式作目的状语，既可位于句首，也可位于句末。
Eg: They came here to seek a new life.
To survive, they were driven to extremes.
2. 不定式作结果状语
（1）不定式作结果状语时，常用于一些固定搭配中：so...as to do sth.; such...as to do sth.; ...enough to do sth.; too...to do sth.。
Eg: Could you be so kind as to close the window
劳驾你把窗户关上好吗？
I’m such a fool as to think that she is a warm-hearted woman.
我真傻，竟以为她是个热心肠的女人。
（2）不定式作结果状语时，常与 only，never 连用，表示一种出乎意料的结果。
Eg: Yesterday I went to see him, only to learn that he had gone abroad two days before.
3. 不定式作原因状语
不定式作原因状语主要用在形容词或过去分词后面，表示产生这种情绪的原因。有这样用法的形容词有willing, unwilling, eager, anxious, proud, happy, lucky, fortunate, angry, content , sorry, ready, glad, shocked等。
Eg: The author is content to live a simple life.
I’m so sorry to hear about your failure on business.
We are shocked to know that he died in the air crash.
Complete the sentences using infinitives as the attribute or the adverbial.
1. Q: Why is Yang Liwei famous in China
A: Because he is ___________________________________.
(第一个进入太空的中国宇航员).
2. Q: How do you feel about the film 2001: A Space Odyssey
A: I’m afraid the film is______________________________.
(太长太乏味而无法看完).
3. Q: Why was the Russian space station Mir brought down out of orbit
A: One of the reasons is that Mir was too old and ___________________
________. (不再是安全的居所).
the first Chinese astronaut to go into space
too long and boring for me to finish
no longer a safe place
to live in
4. Q: Would you like to travel into space some day
A: Yes, and I want to become ____________________________.
(登陆火星的第一个中国人).
5. Q: Could you provide a simple introduction to how space rockets work
A: I’m afraid the whole process is__________________________________.
(太复杂了，无法用几句话解释清楚).
the first Chinese to land on Mars
too complicated to explain in a few words
Rewrite the sentences using infinitives or “in order to/so as to+do”. Change the italicised parts accordingly.
Learn from the examples.
1. In 2003 Yuri Malenchenko became the first person who got married in space.
→ In 2003 Yuri Malenchenko became the first person to get married in space.
2. In space, astronauts collect all dirty water so that it can be recycled for later use.
→ In space, astronauts collect all dirty water so as to recycle it for later use.
Mankind has always been curious about the universe many people have the dream to fly into space one day.
Astronauts’ bones and muscles can get very weak in space due to the lack of gravity, so they need to exercise every day to/in order to/so as to stay healthy.
3. Mankind has always been curious about the universe and many people have dreamt that one day they would fly into space.
→
4. Astronauts’ bones and muscles can get very weak in space due to the lack of gravity, so they need to exercise every day, which will help them stay healthy.
→
Astronauts have to use tape to stick everything down while working in space to/in order to/so as to keep everything from floating off.
During a spacewalk, astronauts have to move slowly to/in order to/so as to keep their bodies under control.
5. Astronauts have to use tape to stick everything down while working in space because everything would float off otherwise.
→
6. During a spacewalk, astronauts have to move slowly so that they can keep their bodies under control.
→
so as to（do sth.） 为了，以便（表示目的）
Eg: In space, astronauts collect all dirty water so as to recycle it for later use.
在太空中，宇航员收集所有的污水，以便回收它供以后使用。
Key points
[归纳拓展]
动词不定式的一个主要作用是在句中作目的状语。in order to 或so as to 则使目的更加明确。
（1）so as to 一般不放在句首，否定形式是so as not to。
（2）in order to 可以放在句首或句中，否定形式是in order not to。
lack n. 缺乏；短缺 vt. 没有；缺乏
Eg: Astronauts’ bones and muscles can get very weak in space due to the lack of gravity. 由于缺乏重力，宇航员们的骨头和肌肉在太空会变得很虚弱。
[归纳拓展]
①lack 作动词时，是及物动词，其后直接接宾语；
②lack 作名词时，其后接介词of。
③lacking是形容词，表示“没有，缺乏，不足”，构成搭配：be lacking in...
缺乏……
the lack of... 缺乏……
a lack of 缺少
for/because of/through lack of 因为缺乏……
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
1. The headmaster said that _______ lack of money was a great challenge.
2. This evening newspaper is ________(lack) in analytical articles.
a
lacking
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar system is not an easy goal __________ (achieve). One of the problems is that the trip would take a very long time. For example, ______ (use) current technology, it would take over two years _________ (get) to the closest planet, Mars, and back. Although light is the fastest thing _________ (know) in the universe, it could take more than four years to reach the nearest star system. Will scientists figure out a way _______ (store) sufficient food and water for the long journey Is it possible to travel faster than light No one knows the answers yet. However, space scientists never give up. They are experimenting with growing crops in space so as _______ (help) astronauts get enough food on longer journeys through space.
to achieve
using
to get
known
to store
to help
beyond prep. 在更远处；超出
Eg: Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar system is not an easy goal to achieve. 将人类送往其他行星甚至太阳系之外这个目标并不容易实现。
Key points
[归纳拓展]
beyond control 失去控制 beyond the reach of 鞭长莫及
beyond repair 无法修理 beyond doubt 无疑地；确实
beyond belief 难以置信 beyond recognition 认不出来
beyond description 难以描述 beyond measure 难以衡量
beyond one’s power 超出某人的权力
beyond sb. 对某人来说难以理解；对某人来说很难处理
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
1. Your shoes are worn out and they are ____________(无法修理).
2. Lang Ping is ____________(无疑) an excellent coach in volleyball.
beyond repair
beyond doubt
Now can you summarise the use and function of infinitives (共30张PPT)
人教 必修第三册
Unit 4
Period 2
Reading and Thinking
( 英语 )
ENGLISH
新 课 导 入
What do you think are the main reasons for space exploration
Watch a video about Core Module TH
1）阅读关于太空探索历史的科普文，观察和分析文章的组织结构，把握段落和句子之间的衔接和连贯关系；
2）能根据文章的组织结构和上下文逻辑关系判断并还原文本缺失的信息；
3）能准确而简练地归纳段落大意。
课 堂 学 习
Before you read, look at the title and the photos. Discuss these questions in pairs.
Pre-reading
1.What do you think are the main reasons for space exploration
2.What do you expect to read about in this text
1.What do you think are the main reasons for space exploration
2.What do you expect to read about in this text
I expect to read about the history of space travel, the reasons why we explore space, what space exploration has given us, how we continue to explore further etc.
The main reasons for space exploration are to further human exploration and to gather knowledge of the universe.
Listen and read the text. Several sentences have been removed from it. Choose the correct sentence A-D to fill each gap.
A. Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen.
B. They also really wish to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life.
C. The future of space exploration remains bright.
D. After many experiments, they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth’s gravity.
While-reading
B
D
A
C
Use your own words to summarise the main idea for each paragraph.
Summarise the main idea
When the main idea is not clearly stated in a topic sentence, you should read the full paragraph or passage carefully and find the words or ideas that repeat themselves. They are likely evidence of the author’s main idea.
Humans have always had a natural curiosity about space.
Space travel became a reality in the 20th century, with American and Soviet space missions.
Space travel has always involved great risk, but despite the risks exploration continues.
China has made great progress in space exploration in the early 21st century, becoming only the third country to send humans to space.
The future of space exploration looks bright, as many countries are planning further missions.
Choose the right event to complete the timeline.
F
D
B
G
A
C
E
A. American Voyager 1 was launched to study deep space and it still transmits data today.
B. Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space.
C. China has made progress, such as sending people into space and vehicles onto the moon and completing the Chinese spacewalk.
D. The Sputnik 1 satellite launched by the USSR successfully orbited around Earth.
E. Europe, the US, and China plan to explore planets like Mars and Jupiter.
F. Most people thought it was impossible to travel into space.
G. American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon.
Read para. 1 and discuss the following questions.
1. What do people want to do when looking up at the stars
2. Why do scientists make vehicles
They want to learn more about space.
To carry brave people into space to find out the secrets of the universe.
Read para. 2 carefully and fill in the blanks.
Time Events
1957 USSR launched ______________________ and
________________________________.
1961 ___________ became the first person in the world to go into space.
1969 American astronaut _______________stepped onto the moon and said: “__________________________________________________”.
1977 America’s NASA space agency launched _________ to study __________.
the Sputnik 1 satellite
successfully orbited around Earth
Yuri Gagarin
Neil Armstrong
That’s one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind
Voyager 1
deep space
Read para. 3 and answer the questions.
2. What does the international Space Station do
It orbits Earth and has astronauts from different countries on board, providing a continuous human presence in space.
1. Why did the desire to explore the universe never die
This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration.
Read para. 4 and do the match.
Vehicles Missions
1. Shenzhou 5 2. Shenzhou 6 3. Shenzhou 7 4. Jade Rabbit 5. Tiangong 2 6. Tianzhou 1 7. Chang'e 4 A. Studied the surface of the moon.
B. Furthered the establishment of a space station.
C. Completed a second manned orbit.
D. Explored the surface of the far side of the moon.
E. Independently sent humans into space.
F. Completed the first Chinese spacewalk.
G. Docked with Tiangong 2.
E
C
F
A
B
G
D
Read para. 5 and choose the correct answer.
1. What attitude do you think the author holds to the future of
space exploration
A.worried B.supportive C.doubtful D.opposed
What does the title “Space: The Final Frontier” mean to you Share your ideas with the whole class.
While I support space exploration, I don’t think space is the final frontier just yet. There is still much to learn about the Earth, and we are only at the very beginning of new technological breakthroughs involving information technology and AI. There are many scientific and technological frontiers all around us.
Post-reading
Key points
1.[教材原文] However, some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space. 然而，一些科学家下定决心要帮助人类实现探索太空的梦想。
determined adj. 有决心的；意志坚定的
[归纳拓展]
（1）be determined to do sth. 决心做某事
be determined that... 决心……
（2）determine v. 查明；确定；决定
determine to do sth. 决定/ 决心做某事
determine on（doing）sth. 决定（做）某事
determine sb. to do sth. 使某人下定决心做某事
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
1. I have determined ______ going to the countryside after graduating
from college.
2. He is _________(determine) to take good care of his parents from now on.
on
determined
2.[教材原文]...Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space. ……尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。
【难句剖析】句中的 to go into space 是不定式短语作后置定语，修
饰the first person。句型Sb./Sth. be/become the first...to do... 意为“某人/ 某物是第一个做……的……”。
[知识拓展]
序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词及形容词最高级等修饰的名词后通常用不定式作定语。
3.[教材原文]These disasters made everyone sad② and disappointed①, but the desire③ to explore the universe never died. 这些灾难使人倍感伤心与失望，但是探索宇宙的渴望永不磨灭。
① disappointed adj. 失望的；沮丧的
[归纳拓展]
be disappointed in/with sb. 对某人失望
be disappointed at/about sth. 对某事/ 物失望
be disappointed to do sth. 对做某事感到失望
disappoint vt. 使……失望
disappointing adj. 令人失望的
disappointment n. 失望
to one’s disappointment 令某人失望的是
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
1. We were really ___________(disappoint) by the hotel when we got there—it was nothing like the description in the brochure.
2. To my _______________(disappoint), his behaviour caused some
misunderstanding between us.
3. The workers were disappointed _______(find) that they couldn’t understand the instructions on the machine.
disappointed
to find
disappointment
②[归纳拓展]
make+sb/sth+ adj. 使某人某物怎么样
make v.使, 让。 使役动词 +adj.做宾语补足语。
e.g. I want to make you happy. 我想让你高兴。
(happy为形容词做宾语补足语)
③ desire n. 渴望；欲望 vt. 渴望；期望
[归纳拓展]
(have) a desire to do（有）做……的渴望
(have) a desire for 对……有渴望
desire to do... 渴望做……
“ desire that + 主语 + (should+) 动词原形”表示“希望……”，desire 后的主语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”，should 可以省略。
e.g.The president desired that you（should） visit him next week.
[归纳拓展]
后跟名词性从句，从句谓语用“（should+） 动词原形”的动词：
一个“坚持”（insist）；
两道“命令”（order, command）；
四条“建议”（suggest, propose, advise, recommend）；
五点“要求”（demand, desire, request, require, urge）。
4.[教材原文] This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration... 这是因为人类还是相信继续太空探索极为重要……
【难句剖析】本句是一个复合句。句中的 because 引导的是表语从句。
It/This/That is/was because... 意为“它/ 这/ 那是因为……”，because 引导表语从句，后接原因。
[知识拓展]
1. This is why + 结果
2. This is because + 原因
3. The reason is that + 原因
why，because和that 引导表语从句
5.[教材原句] China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003。 2003 年，中国成为世界上第三个能够独立将人送入太 空的国家。
independently adv. 独立地；自立地
[词语积累]
independent adj. 独立的；自立的
be independent of 不依赖……；独立于……之外
independence n. 独立 independence from 独立于
dependence n. 依赖，依靠 depend on 依靠；信赖；取决于
be dependent on 依赖；取决于
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
1. Not only my spoken English, but also my ability to live ____________ (independent) has been improved a lot.
2. Susan wanted to be independent _______ her parents. She tried living alone, but she didn’t like it and moved back home.
3. A study abroad program can teach students ____________ (independent) and important life skills.
independently
of
independence
6.[教材原句】This signalled one step further in China’s plan to establish a space station in the future. 这标志着中国未来建设空间站的计划又向前迈进了一步。
signal vt. & vi. 标志着；标明；发信号 n. 信号；标志；信号灯
[归纳拓展]
signal to sb. 示意某人；向某人发信号
signal (to) sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事
an alarm signal 报警信号 traffic signals 交通信号灯
send out a signal 发出信号 receive/pick up a signal 接收信号
[词语辨析] signal, sign, symbol与 mark
signal 信号；暗号 sign 迹象；征兆；标牌
symbol 象征；标志 mark 标记；记号
Complete the passage with words from the text.
M______ is exploring space in the hope of finding out more about the u_______. However, exploring space is both dangerous and challenging. One of the most dangerous parts of space exploration is helping people to escape Earth’s g______. If there is a mistake during the l______, it can lead to an accident that kills everyone on b_____. Getting out of o____ and back to Earth’s surface is also very dangerous. Despite the huge risks though, people will always continue to explore this final f______ so as to learn its secrets.
ankind
niverse
ravity
aunch
oard
rbit
rontier
Do you like the title of this passage
Can you give another title to it (共27张PPT)
人教 必修第三册
Unit 4
Period 5
Reading for Writing
( 英语 )
ENGLISH
新 课 导 入
Is exploring space a waste of time and money
Discussion
1）阅读探讨太空探索的意义和价值的议论文，区分作者的论点与相关论据；
2）能针对是否支持太空探索这一话题写一篇议论文。
课 堂 学 习
Read the argumentative essay about space exploration and answer the questions.
1. Why are some people against space exploration
2. What has space exploration done for food production
Because they think it is a waste of time and money, and that we should feed the world's poor and find immediate solutions to other problems, such as pollution and fatal diseases, instead.
Satellites study land and weather patterns. These studies help farmers grow more crops and warn them about natural disasters before they occur.
3. What did the pictures of Earth from space make people realise
4. How does space exploration benefit the products that people use nowadays
They made people realise that our planet’s resources are limited.
Advanced technology developed for space exploration has promoted technological improvements that benefits us all by allowing products to be made to a higher standard.
Study the organisation and language festures.
1. Read the first paragraph and underline the different opinions about space exploration.
Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions, whether to Mars or other planets much further away. Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space. Instead, we should feed the world’s poor and find immediate solutions to other problems, such as pollution and fatal diseases. However, others feel this is a shallow view which much fails to realise how exploring space helps us.
2. Find the three topic sentences that summarise the writer's arguments about space exploration.
Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.
Secondly, space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit us all.
Finally, sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world's problems and even to find ways to solve them.
3. Underline the sentence that repeats the writer's opinion in the last paragraph.
In closing, exploring space provides the world with many different benefits. Therefore, it should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to people’s short-term and long-term problems.
We should stop exploring space.
Other opinion: ________________________.
Exploring space can help us
It can _______________________.
It promotes _______________________.
It helps people __________the world's problem.
fight against world hunger
technological improvements
think about
Exploring space should ___________.
be continued
Is exploring space a waste of time and money
Read the argumentative essay again and complete the mind map.
Different Opinions
Different benefits
Conclusion
1.[教材原文]Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space. 有些人认为我们应该停止浪费时间和金钱去探索太空。
argue vt. & vi. 论证；争辩；争论
Key points
[归纳拓展]
① argue with sb. about/over sth. 与某人争论某事
argue for/against ... 为支持/反对……而争辩
argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做某事/ 不做某事
② argument n. 争论；争吵；论点
have an argument with sb. 与某人争论/ 争吵
have an argument about/over sth. 为某事争论/ 争吵
an argument for/against... 支持/ 反对……的论据/ 理由
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
1. Tom has been arguing ________ his brother about whether they should hire more people to work for them.
2. Most teachers argued ________ an increase in their salaries.
3. You should solve the problem by ________( argue), not by fight.
with
for
argument
2.[教材原文]Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planet’s resources are limited. 看着我们星球的照片，犹如黑色汪洋大海中的一个小岛，人们意识到地球的资源是有限的。
limited adj. 有限的
[归纳拓展]
①limited time/space 有限的时间 / 空间
②limit n. & v. 限制；限度
set a limit to/on 限制，控制
be limited to 限定在……
within (the) limits 不超出限度
There is a limit to... …… 是有限的
③limitless adj. 无限的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
1. Time is _________(limit), so we must get down to work now.
2. The universe is becoming bigger all the time, so it is _________(limit).
3. There is a limit _____ what one person can do.
limited
limitless
to
3.[教材原文] In order to provide for such a rapidly increasing population, scientists are trying to find other planets that could one day be our new home.
为了满足快速增长的人口需求，科学家们正在努力寻找有朝一日能成为我们新家园的其他星球。
provide for sb. 提供生活所需
[归纳拓展]
① provide for sth. 为……做好准备
provide sb. with sth. 把某物提供给某人
provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物
② “向某人提供某物”的其他表达
offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb.
supply sb. with sth. = supply sth. to sb.
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
1. My father provides ____ our family by working in an IT company.
2. We are here to provide the public ______ a service.
for
with
4.[教材原文] It is necessary to find a new home for people in space, as the resources on Earth will run out. 因为地球上的资源即将耗尽，为人们在太空找到一个新家是有必要的。
run out 用完，耗尽（不及物动词短语，不用于被动语态）
[归纳拓展]
① run out of 用完；用光；用尽
give out 耗尽；筋疲力尽
use up 用完；耗尽
② run for 竞选；匆匆去取
run across 偶然遇到
run into 撞上；遇到；邂逅
run through 浏览；跑着穿过
[明辨异同]
run out of/run out/give out/use up
run out of 是及物动词短语，通常以人作主语，相当于use up，表示“用完；用尽”
run out 是不及物动词短语，通常以物作主语，相当于give out
give out 可表示物“用完”或人“筋疲力尽”；还表示“发出；分发；宣布”等
use up 是及物动词短语，表示“用完；用尽”，相当于run out of
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
1. We must take measures quickly because time is running _______.
2. He has run out _______ all the energy.
3. He has used _______ all the money his parents gave him.
out
of
up
A. There are a lot of unsolved mysteries on Earth.
So why are we going into space to explore
B. It is necessary to find a new home for people in space, as the resourses on Earth will run out.
C. I cannot understand spending all this money on expensive research and experiments when so many people need food.
D. Exploring space encourages scientists to improve technology that can help people in other ways, too.
Use what you have learnt to write about your opinion about space exploration.
1. Are these arguments for or against exploring space Put them in the table below. Then add your own ideas and write your essay.
For space exploration
B D
Against space exploration
A C
观点类作文
就“探索太空”话题分析评论
一般现在时
第一、第三人称
首段：引入话题，点明观点
中段：支持和反对观点的理由
尾段：表达个人的观点
开门见山点明话题
介绍两种相反观点及其理由
阐述自己的观点
写作指导
体裁话题
时态人称
文章架构
核心要点
be in favor of 赞成，支持
be opposed to 反对
result in 导致
as far as I am concerned 在我看来
take...into consideration 把……考虑在内
some people argue that... 一些人主张……
Different people have different views on....
Every coin has two sides.
Generally speaking, its advantages can be seen as follows.
Taking all factors into consideration, we may come to the conclusion that...
Useful Expressions
2. Exchange drafts with a partner. Use the checklist to give feedback on your partner's draft.
√ Does the introduction state the topic
√ Does the introduction express different opinions about the topic
√ Does the body give arguments with suitable supporting information
√ Does the closing express the writer's opinion and end properly
√ Are there any grammar, spelling, or punctuation errors
3. Get your draft back and revise it.
Sample Writing
Everyone gets excited by the news of the most recent space flights, and I too share in people's sense of awe and wonder at the photos from space that we see. Having said that, it is hard to believe that the high cost of space flight is justified so that we can get some lovely pictures. We should be spending our money more wisely, on what people need.
I cannot understand spending all this money on expensive research and experiments when so many people need food. Around the world, millions of people are hungry and dying of starvation. On the other hand, we hear on
Space Exploration is a Waste of Time and Money
TV that for as little as a dollar a day, a child in Africa can be saved. Considering the billions spent on space travel, it just seems a better investment to feed the hungry.
Some people argue that someday we will have to go live in space because the world will be made impossible to live in through pollution. This seems silly. When your house gets dirty, you spend the time and money to clean it up. You don't move house simply because you need to wash your windows or vacuum the floor. In the same way, it makes more sense to use our time and money to take care of our planet, rather than look for a new home.
Finally, there are a lot of unsolved mysteries on the earth. So why are we going into space to explore There are still many things to discover in the ocean depths and the Antarctic. But we do not even have to go that far: Science has yet to unlock all the mysteries of the atom, and there are many realms of technology that we are just beginning to understand and explore.
In the end, it just does not seem a very wise investment to go to space. We have too many needs here on the earth to be wasting our effort on space exploration.
Present your essay to the rest of the class.
What should we pay attention to when writing an argumentative essay (共19张PPT)
人教 必修第三册
Unit 4
Period 4
Listening and Talking
( 英语 )
ENGLISH
新 课 导 入
Watch the video and talk about how much do you know about the astronauts’ life in space.
1）通过听一段访谈对话，了解宇航员在太空生活的一些细节，并获取对话中的关键信息；
2）能围绕“太空生活”这一话题积极交流， 表达自己的好奇心并提出感兴趣的问题。
课 堂 学 习
Before you listen, look at the pictures below and guess whether they would be useful for astronauts in space.
Pre-listening
soap towel guitar shower
microwave pen tape tissue
While-listening
Max is interviewing Captain Brown about his life in space. Listen to the interview and fill in the blanks.
1. I’ve gotten used to floating around just _______________________.
2. We don’t have to _______ in space. We choose what we ___________
before we go to space, and then the food is ________________ for us.
We just have to _____________________ it.
3. I know astronauts ____________ in space since the water would
__________, so I’d love to know how you ___________________.
prepared and stored
wearing shorts and a T-shirt
cook
want to eat
heat the food and enjoy
cannot shower
float away
keep yourselves clean
4. We use___________________. And we brush our teeth ______________
we do on Earth. But astronauts usually _____________________.
5. I was there for ____________________. I was usually busy
________________________.
6. When I was free, I ________________. I also ____________.
My favourite thing to do, though, was to ______________________
with my family.
more than five months
a soapy towel to wash
the same way as
swallow their toothpaste
doing different experiments
played the guitar
played chess
have my weekly video call
Listen to the interview again and answer the questions.
1.What did Captain Brown usually wear inside the station
2.How did he prepare his food in space
3.How did he keep himself clean in space
He used a soapy towel to wash.
He wore shorts and a T-shirt.
The food was prepared and stored for him. He just had to heat
the food and enjoy it.
4.How did he spend most of his time in space
5.How did he do during his free time
6.What did he look forward to most during his stay in space
He looked forward to having a weekly video call with his family.
He was often busy doing different experiments.
He played the guitar and chess.
Work in groups. Imagine you are going to a space camp and Captain Brown has been invited to give a talk. Discuss the questions you would like to ask him and then make a list.
Post-listening
Q1: _______________________.
Q2: _______________________.
Q3: _______________________.
Q4: _______________________.
Q5: _______________________.
...
Useful expressions:
Statement of curiosity: I’d like to know how astronauts sleep in space.
Direct question: How do astronauts sleep in space
Indirect question: Can you tell me how astronauts sleep in space
Expressing curiosity
I’d love to know…
Well, I’d really like to find out…
I’m most curious about…
I’m very keen to know…
I hope you won’t mind me asking about…
I wonder how/what/why…
I’d particularly like to know…
I’m most interested to discover…
I wish to know…
EXAMPLE:
A: Hey, guys. We’re going to meet a real astronaut. Isn’t it exciting
B: Yeah. I can’t wait to see Captain Brown! I’m really curious about his life in space. I have plenty of questions to ask him.
C: Such as
B: Oh, such as what facilities do they have in space to support their daily life
C: That sounds like a good question. But I’d also like to know about how astronauts sleep. What do they do so as not to float around while they sleep
A: Hey, guys. We’re going to meet a real astronaut. Isn’t it exciting
B: Yeah. I can’t wait to see Captain Brown! I’m really curious about his life in space. I have plenty of questions to ask him.
C: Such as
B: Oh, such as what facilities do they have in space to support their daily life
C: That sounds like a good question. But I’d also like to know about how astronauts sleep. What do they do so as not to float around while they sleep
A: I wonder how they get exercise on space—it’s not like they can go out jogging.
Suggested answer
C: I’d never thought of that. But then, after they exercise, I’m very keen to find out how they wash their clothes.
B: Never mind that. I’d really like to find out how women astronauts wash their hair.
A: But we're forgetting the most important question of all, aren’t we
C: And what’s that
A: Well, I’d really like to find out what they do when they meet aliens.
Key points
be curious about 对……感到好奇
Eg: I’m really curious about his life in space.
我真的对他在太空的生活感到好奇。
[归纳拓展]
①be curious to do sth. 很想做某事
It is/was curious that... ……是奇怪的
②curiously adv. 好奇地
③curiosity n. 好奇；好奇心
with curiosity 好奇地
out of curiosity 出于好奇
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
1. People were curious (know) how Peter would deal with the matter.
2. The children looked at me (curious), asking where I came from.
3. Filled with (curious) the artist packed his bags and left.
to know
curiously
curiosity
keen adj. 热衷的；渴望的；敏锐的
Eg: I’m very keen to know...
我很想知道……
[归纳拓展]
①be keen (for sb.) to do sth. 渴望（某人）做某事
be keen on (doing) sth. 热衷于（做）某事
dead keen 非常喜欢；满腔热情
a keen mind/brain 灵敏 / 敏锐的头脑
②keenly adv. 强烈地；（观察）敏锐地
③keenness n. 渴望；热衷
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
1. There was a time when my daughter was keen _______ pop music.
2. The young player is keen _______(win) a gold medal in the Olympic Games.
on
to win
Now, can you tell us something about astronauts’ life in space
