2023年秋学期高二年级第二阶段测试
英语试卷
时间: 120分钟 分值: 150分
第一部分 听力 (共两节， 满分 30 分)
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How did students know a class has finished today
A. The bell rang. B. The lights flashed. C. The alarm went off.
2. What instrument can the man play
A. The piano. B. The violin. C. The guitar.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Clothes. B. Meals. C. Weather.
4. What does the woman do
A. A runner. B. A waitress. C. A shop assistant.
5. What does the man advise the woman to do
A. Buy a new dress.
B. Repair the path herself.
C. Ask her brother for help.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6、7两个小题。
6. Which part did the woman hurt originally
A. Her neck. B. Her leg. C. Her arm.
7. How many children does the woman have
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
听下面一段对话，回答第8、9两个小题。
8. Why is the woman calling
A. To cancel a flight. B. To correct a mistake. C. To buy a plane ticket.
9. How much does a plane ticket to Chicago cost now
A $700. B. $750. C. $1400.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至12三个小题。
10. Where might the speakers be
A. At home. B. At an office. C. At a cinema.
11. What kind of food do the speakers have
A. Popcorn. B. Hamburgers. C. Hot dogs.
12. What does the woman like to watch
A. The love scenes. B. The action scenes. C. The comedy scenes.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至16四个小题。
13. How old is the man's first child
A. Two years old. B. Three years old. C. Six years old.
14. What does the man's wife do
A. She is a nurse. B. She is a teacher. C. She is a lawyer.
15. When did the woman start looking after children
A. When she was in university.
B. When she was in high school.
C. When she was in middle school.
16. How often does the man need help with the children
A. Every evening.
B. Three days per week.
C. During the day on weekdays.
听下面一段对话，回答第17至20四个小题。
17. How is the weather now
A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy.
18 When will there be a storm
A. Tonight. B. In midweek. C. On the weekend.
19. Where will the wind create some dangerous conditions
A. By the sea.
B. In the valley.
C. Up on the mountains.
20. Who is the speaker
A. A radio announcer.
B. A TV host.
C. A reporter.
第二部分 阅读(共两节， 满 50 分)
第一节 (共 15小题; 每小题 2.5 分， 满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的 A、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Once Popular Sports in Ancient Capital Xi'an
The ancient capital Xi'an in Northwest China's Shaanxi province is holding the National Games. As the capital of 13 dynasties throughout Chinese history, the ancient city has never been far from sports. Starting from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, the city has held many sports events.
Cuju: Origin of modern soccer
Cuju was an ancient Chinese competitive game involving kicking a ball through an opening into a net. As the ancestor of soccer, it first appeared in the renowned ancient Chinese historical work Zhan Guo Ce（“Strategies of the Warring States”）, which describedCuju as a form of entertainment among the general public. Later, cuju was commonly played in the army for military training purposes, during the Han Dynasty.
Jiaodi: Chinese-style wrestling
Sumo, known as Japan's “national sport”, actually started in ancient China. Sumo was called jiaodi or jiaoli in ancient times. Ancient jiaodi,a Chinese-style wrestling, was performed by athletes wearing ox horns and wrestling with each other imitating wild oxen. During the Sui and Tang dynasties, jiaodi was highly favored by emperors. In the Tang Dynasty, jiaodi was part of military training and a kind of entrainment and athletic sports.
Jiju: Ancient polo
Jiju is a sport which uses a stick to hit balls while riding on a horse, pretty similar to modern polo. It was popular in the royal court and among common people in the Tang Dynasty. There were many fields for playing polo in the court and it was also a major military training program in the army. In the Tang Dynasty capital, there were formal polo courts, such as the stadium pavilion in Chang' an palace.
Archery
During ancient times, the origin of archery was closely related with hunting and defense. Ancient archery was not only an athletic event,a military training program, and an entertainment activity, but also part of education. As early as in Zhou Dynasty, the archery was listed as one of the six practical disciplines, also called the Six Arts, becoming an important and competitive form.
1. Which was popular in the army during the Han Dynasty
A. Cuju. B. Jiaodi.
C. Jiju. D. Archery.
2. How did people play Jiju in Tang Dynasty
A. Only by riding a horse.
B. By hitting balls wearing ox horns.
C. By kicking a ball through an opening into a net.
D. By hitting balls while riding on a horse with a stick.
3. What did the four games have in common
A. They were only for entertainment.
B. They all disappeared late gradually.
C. They were military training programs.
D. They all originated from Han Dynasty.
B
When you hear the beginning of your favorite song from the radio, suddenly your neck is covered in goose bumps.
It's such a thing that a group of scientists call “skin excitement”—a feeling of cold caused not by a drop in temperature or sudden scare, but by the sense of beauty. “Skin excitement” can come from a song, a painting, a moving movie scene, or even a beloved memory-pretty much anything that causes the giving out of pleasure-soaked dopamine in your brain. But it does not come for all of us.
Your favorite music uncovers a lot about your personality，and so does how you respond to that music. Studies suppose that as few as 55 percent of people experience “skin excitement” when listening to music. And if you count yourself among this group, the goose bumps on your skin aren't the only giveaway—scientists can read it in your brain, too. In a new study published in the journal Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, Harvard researchers performed brain scans on 10 students who said they reliably got cold when listening to music, and 10 students who didn't. They found that the cold-prone brains may really be excited by stronger emotions.
Cold-prone brains are generally more likely to show stronger emotional intelligence than no-cold brains. Cold-prone minds tend to have unusual active imagination, reflect more deeply on their emotions, and appreciate nature and the beauty of music and art to a stronger degree than no-cold brains.
So, what type of music causes the chills It seems that the type is not so important; participants in the new study reported getting cold from songs of every kind. And any song connected with a strong emotional memory of the listener can produce the most reliable results. For me, that's the song Sailing to Philadelphia by Mark Knopfler, which I listened to as a kid in the car with my dad, on the way to the summer camp.
4. What can we learn about “skin excitement” in the text
A. It helps to produce doparmine. B. It is caused by the pain in the skin.
C. It can be experienced by every music listener. D. It is the human body's reaction to something nice.
5. What does the new study by Harvard researchers mainly find
A. The percentage of music lovers in students.
B. The solutions to the goose bumps on one's skin.
C. The differences between cold-prone and no-cold brains.
D. The relationship between one's music preference and personality.
6. What are people with cold-prone brains like
A. Beautiful and intelligent. B. Emotional and dishonest.
C. Imaginative and sensitive. D. Brave and strong-minded.
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Responses to Music Vary among People B. A Feeling of Cold Is Caused by Horrible Music
C. Your Favorite Music Reveals Your Personality D. Favorite Music May Bring Forth Goose Bumps
C
Detecting drugs used to be a special job for dogs, but now a drug detection team is welcoming some new colleagues-squirrels. Six Eurasian red squirrels were trained and approved for work responsibilities by police in Chongqing in February.
Squirrels have a sharp sense of smell as they can smell food under a foot (about 30 centimeters) of snow. Being so small and quick, the “newcomers” are able to search for drugs in places where dogs may not be able to reach, such as in narrow spaces or on top of packages stacked (堆) high in warehouses. The squirrels have been trained to use their claws to scratch at boxes in order to catch their handlers’ attention if they detect drugs, according to local Chongqing police authorities.
“Our self-developed training system can be applied to the training of various animals,” Yin Jin, a police dog handler in Chongqing, told Global Times, adding that the training has really good results as the squirrels can quickly identify drugs. Although the system is designed for dogs, it can show some information on how squirrels are trained as well.
According to a research article published in the journal China Working Dog which details the program，conditioning the animals' reflexes (反射) is the key factor. First， the animals are familiarized with the target’s smell and do special gestures when they smell their target. For example, for explosive detection dogs, the handlers place pieces of cloth with the smell of the explosives next to the dogs’ food.
Next, the animals learn to search for the target under various conditions. From a large number of luggage bags to people walking in crowds, the handlers create different situations to test the animals. If the animals successfully identify the location of the target, the animals are then rewarded with snacks and other treats. The animals are soon able to search for targets spontaneously (自动地), showing that the conditioned reflex has been built in them. Their training ends with practice sessions in real-life scenarios.
8 What would the squirrels do once they identify drugs
A. Use their claws to take the drugs.
B. Enjoy treats from the handlers.
C. Scratch at the surface of packages.
D. Search for drugs with the same smell.
9. What is one advantage of using squirrels for drug detection mentioned in the article
A. Squirrels can detect drugs hidden under the earth.
B. Squirrels are better at identifying explosives than dogs.
C. Squirrels can access narrow spaces or high packages in warehouses.
D. Squirrels requires less training compared to police dogs for drug detection.
10. What is of vital importance for the animals’ successful detection
A. Developing the immediate reactions of animals.
B. Familiarizing the animals with the target’s smell.
C. Doing special gestures when they smell their target.
D. Involving practice sessions under different conditions.
11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. The Role of Animals in Drug Detection
B. A New Member in the Drug Detection Force
C. The Challenges of Training Squirrels for Drug Detection
D. Chongqing Police’s Training Program for Sniffer Animals
D
A star athlete at the college where I work recently stopped by my office. After committing a few unforced errors during a weekend match, she was tom apart by self-criticism. “I can’t stop beating myself up,” she told me. “I’m at peak fitness, and I practice hard. How is this happening ”
Many students I teach, like this athlete, believe that all-nighters in the library and hours on the field should get them exactly where they need to go. When they fall short of what they imagine they should accomplish, they are crushed by self-blame.
We talk often about young adults struggling with failure because their parents have protected them from discomfort. But there is something else at play among the most privileged in particular: a false promise that they can achieve anything if they are willing to work for it.
Psychologists have sourced this phenomenon to a misapplication of “mind set” research, which has found that praising children for effort will increase academic performance. But a recent analysis found that while praising effort over ability may benefit high-risk or economically disadvantaged students, it does not necessarily help everyone.
The cruel, messy reality is that you can do everything in your power and still fail. Instead of allowing our kids to beat themselves up when things don’t go their way, we should all question a culture that has taught them that feeling anything less than overwhelmed means they’re lazy, and that where they go to college matters more than the kind of person they are. It’s suggested that parents and teachers spend time helping students find purpose, or goals they genuinely love to pursue and that make an impact on the world, which may help them gain greater life satisfaction and become more psychologically mature.
The point is not to give our kids a pass on working hard. But we would be wise to remind our kids that life has a way of sucker-punching us when we least expect it. It’s often the people who learn to say “stuff happens” who get up the fastest.
12. Which sort of students does the star athlete belong to
A. Those lacking courage to make self-criticism.
B. Those tired of working all night in the library.
C. Those believing hard work surely pay off.
D. Those overprotected by their parents in life.
13. What can we learn from Paragraph 4
A. Praising effort over ability will surely be beneficial to all kids.
B. The result of the “mindset” research doesn’t apply to all cases.
C. Parents should lay more emphasis on their kids’ academic performance.
D. Whether praising kids’ effort over ability does good to kids depends.
14. According to the author how can parents help the kids overcome barriers in life
A. By choosing where to go to college for them.
B. By pushing them to fight against the cruel reality.
C. By discouraging them from making efforts to study hard.
D. By encouraging them to stick to a worthy cause they truly love.
15. What can be inferred from the passage
A. Students should not expect too much from their study.
B. Students with positive attitudes can move on more easily.
C. Students should bear all the failures on their own.
D. Students are sure to succeed if they try their best.
第二节 (共 5 小题; 每小题 2.5 分， 满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 选项中有两项为多余选项。
Science can help you improve your study methods. For more than 100 years，psychologists have done research on which study habits work best. ____16____ . Here are 4 tips to improve your study habits.
Space out your studying
Nate Kornell，a psychologist at Williams College，thinks it's a good idea to study the day before a big test. ____17____. Instead，space out those study sessions. Kornell compares our memory to water in a bucket that has a small leak. Try to refill the bucket while it's still full，and you can't add much more water. Allow time between study sessions，and some of the material may drip out of your memory. But then you'll be able to relearn it and learn more in your next study session.
Practice，practice，practice!
Musicians practice their instruments. Athletes practice sports skills. ____18____. "If you want to be able to remember information，the best thing you can do is practice，" says Katherine Rawson. She's a psychologist at Kent State University in Ohio. In one 2013 study，students took practice tests over several weeks. On the final test，they scored more than a full letter grade better，on average，than students who studied the way they normally had.
Test yourself
Nebel's preferred study habit is one of the best way. Before big tests，Nebel's mom quizzed her on the material. “Now I know that was retrieval（检索）practice，”she says. As Nebel got older，she quizzed herself. “____19____，” Nebel suggests. “Put questions on one side and the answers on the other side and try to quiz yourself the way the teacher asks questions，”she adds.
Dig deeper
It's hard to remember a string of facts and figures if you don't push further. Ask why things are a certain way. How did they come about？Why do they matter？Psychologists call this elaboration. It's taking class material and asking a lot of how and why questions about it. This helps you combine new information with other things you know. And it creates a bigger network in your brain of things that relate to one another，she says. ____20____.
A. The same should go for learning
B. Some tips help for almost every subject
C. Of course，nothing can replace studying with your mother
D. Some experts hold that studying late at night can be really useful
E. That larger network makes it easier to learn and remember things
F. Create a pack of flash cards every time you learn new information
G. But research shows it's a bad idea to force all your studying into that day
第三部分： 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 从短文后各题所给的 A、 B、 C 和 D 四个选项中， 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Back in the days when I was just a young student, I was always absent from school ___21___, too shy to step into the public attention. My grades, though not absolutely good, was above the ___22___. However, an unexpected incident allowed me to___23___life lessons and gradually accept the challenges thrown at me.
One rainy afternoon, while walking home from school, an accident happened. A speeding car ___24___me, leaving me with a broken leg. Lying on my hospital bed,pain aching through my body, the reality of my situation ___25___. This unforeseen incident had set me back academically, and I needed to figure out how to achieve my previous___26___.
With the help of my parents and teachers, who ___27___accompanied me through the healing process, I managed to transform my ___28___ into a stepping stone. I began to acquire the will to push myself beyond my limits. After several months, I returned to school. My teachers had made accommodations for me, which included access to ___29___classes to catch up on the lessons I missed. Fueled by a newfound ___30___, I made every effort to engage in all activities and strived to stay active in both the academic and extracurricular fields.
In the end, my actions___31___fruit. Not only did my academic performance improve, but I also developed an ability to adapt to unexpected situations. I realized the importance of being able to___32___my fears and overcome them. The incident that I___33___viewed as a major discouragement was, in fact, a turning point in my life. It was an opportunity to adjust my perspective and learn to admire the strength within myself.
The___34___did not happen overnight. It was a gradual process, just like adding a new piece to a puzzle every day. But with each piece, I moved one step closer to the bigger ___35___ .
21. A. camps B. days C. facilities D. events
22. A. minimum B. maximum C. average D. majority
23. A. absorb B. forget C. teach D. avoid
24. A. approached B. hit C. lifted D. followed
25. A. gave in B. sank in C. fit in D. cut in
26. A. standing B. playing C. suffering D. finding
27. A. occasionally B. casually C. constantly D. scarcely
28. A. shyness B. setback C. strength D. performance
29. A. practical B. optional C. basic D. extra
30. A. drive B. concept C. version D. skill
31. A. planted B. distributed C. sold D. bore
32. A. assess B. address C. monitor D. hide
33. A. initially B. actually C. suddenly D. eventually
34. A. inspiration B. assumption C. transformation D. exploration
35. A. space B. ambition C. picture D. capacity
第二节 (共 10 小题; 每小题 1.5 分， 满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
No one can foretell the future of technology exactly, because no one can see the future. However, there are reasonable _____36_____ (argue) based on the advances and trends in technology in the past. For example, it’s reasonable to predict that computers will continue to become more powerful, numerous and cheaper. Areas with huge potential, _____37_____ are just beginning to be made use of today, like biotechnology, will continue to produce fruit.
Technology in general will probably continue to improve, _____38_____ (create) both promises and risks. In _____39_____ area of computers, someone might interact with hundreds of embedded microchips (嵌入式微芯片) throughout the home and the office. In the future, it will be many thousands. _____40_____ some have called “ubiquitous computing” —— computers everywhere helping us with everything —— will be caused by increasing bandwidth and decreasing costs. Some viewers, especially Bill Gates, believe the next few decades _____41_____ (characterize) by long-awaited revolutions in robotic technology. Other futurists see trends in automation technology leading to desktop factories that enable users _____42_____ (make) objects from a host of simple _____43_____ (origin) parts.
Apart from above areas, there are dozens if not hundreds of areas that will continue to advance technologically. One thing is _____44_____ sure: the future will have better technology than the past did. But will we put _______45_______ to better use Only time and effort will tell.
第四部分：基础知识及书面表达( 共三节，满分40分)
第一节 选择并使用所给单词或短语的正确形式完成句子，有两个词为多余。（共10题，每小题0.5分，满分5分, 每个词只能用一次）
选词填空
compare convince incredible panic luxury preserve influence violent dismiss lay the foundation for cast new light on wear down
46. We will not be ______________ into making a decision in a hurry.
47. The Chinese people live a happier life under the leadership of the CPC in ______________ with people in war-torn areas of the world.
48. Columbus was one of the most______________ explorers in history.
49. Hopefully, this experiment ______________ space farming and allow us to set up permanent bases on other planets.
50. For many years, some historians ______________ the records of there voyages as legends.
51. ______________ that she was innocent, the lawyer agreed to defend for her.
52. To enable rental increases, you have to have ______________ furnishings.
53. The landing of Chang’e 3 proved to be a success and how it ______________future exploration was plain to see.
54. ______________, she had no idea what was going on.
55. I’m happy to see the Dunhuang murals are so well ______________.
第二节 单句语法填空。（共10小题，每题1分，满分10分）
56. _____ is the case with most manufacturers, we have to reduce prices in order to remain competitive. （用适当的词填空）
57. The _____ (strange) of living in space is apparent from the moment we sleep. （所给词的适当形式填空）
58. With so much going on, the space station needs lots of _____ (main), so we constantly check support systems and do some cleaning. （所给词的适当形式填空）
59. Jack insisted that he _____ (steal) the cellphone. (所给词的适当形式填空)
60. ________ his lack of experience, he got the job. (用适当的词填空)
61. The flood victims have received both sympathy and _____ (assist) from the international community during the flood season. （所给词的适当形式填空）
62. I have the impression _____ people there are always on the go. （用适当的词填空）
63. The location of the USS Arizona is shaped with a memorial like a bridge crossing the ship’s _____ (sunk) remains. （所给词的适当形式填空）
64. It’s freezing cold this winter. How _____ (awe) the weather is! （所给词的适当形式填空）
65. _______________did this will sooner or later be caught and will be punished.（用适当的词填空）
第三节 读后续写 (满分25分)
66. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
My mouth felt dry as I followed my mother into the doctor’s office and sank into a chair next to hers. This doctor had a room full of gadgets (小装置) and gizmos (小物件) to analyze the learning abilities of failing students. That day he had analyzed me. “I’m sorry to tell you this, Mrs. Dow, but Peter has dyslexia (阅读障碍). A fairly serious case.”
I swallowed and tried to breathe. The doctor went on. “He’ll never read above the fourth-grade level. Since he won’t be able to complete high school requirements,I suggest you enroll (使登记) him in a trade school where he can learn to work with his hands.” I didn’t want to go to trade school (职校). I wanted to apply at Bible College in our town to be a preacher (牧师), like my dad. I forced my tears back. A twelve-year-old was too big to cry. “Thank you, Doctor.” We drove home.
Dyslexia I’d never heard it before. Sure, I was always the slowest kid in my class. I had a special hiding place where I would cry because I couldn’t do my lessons however hard I tried. Of course, I never told my mom about that. I was too ashamed. I didn’t want to worry her, either. She had enough on her mind with teaching school full-time and taking care of Dad and me.
On reaching home, my mom looked into my eyes with tears running down her cheeks. Seeing her cry was too much for me. Before I knew what was happening, I was in her arms crying. A few minutes later she said, “Honey, I want to talk to you.” I waited, sniffling (抽泣). “You heard what the doctor said about your not finishing school. I don’t believe him.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I stopped sniffling and looked at her
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A ray of hope shone through the uncertain future.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1-5 BBCBC 6-10 BABCC 11-15 AACBC 16-20 BACAA2023年秋学期高二年级第二阶段测试
英语试卷
时间: 120分钟 分值: 150分
第一部分 听力 (共两节， 满分 30 分)
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1 How did students know a class has finished today
A. The bell rang. B. The lights flashed. C. The alarm went off.
2. What instrument can the man play
A. The piano. B. The violin. C. The guitar.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Clothes. B. Meals. C. Weather.
4. What does the woman do
A. A runner. B. A waitress. C. A shop assistant.
5. What does the man advise the woman to do
A. Buy a new dress.
B. Repair the path herself.
C. Ask her brother for help.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6、7两个小题。
6. Which part did the woman hurt originally
A. Her neck. B. Her leg. C. Her arm.
7. How many children does the woman have
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
听下面一段对话，回答第8、9两个小题。
8. Why is the woman calling
A. To cancel a flight. B. To correct a mistake. C. To buy a plane ticket.
9. How much does a plane ticket to Chicago cost now
A. $700. B. $750. C. $1400.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至12三个小题。
10. Where might the speakers be
A. At home. B. At an office. C. At a cinema.
11. What kind of food do the speakers have
A Popcorn. B. Hamburgers. C. Hot dogs.
12. What does the woman like to watch
A. The love scenes. B. The action scenes. C. The comedy scenes.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至16四个小题。
13. How old is the man's first child
A. Two years old. B. Three years old. C. Six years old.
14. What does the man's wife do
A. She is a nurse. B. She is a teacher. C. She is a lawyer.
15. When did the woman start looking after children
A. When she was in university.
B. When she was in high school.
C. When she was in middle school.
16. How often does the man need help with the children
A. Every evening.
B. Three days per week.
C. During the day on weekdays.
听下面一段对话，回答第17至20四个小题。
17. How is the weather now
A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy.
18. When will there be a storm
A. Tonight. B. In midweek. C. On the weekend.
19. Where will the wind create some dangerous conditions
A. By the sea.
B. In the valley.
C. Up on the mountains.
20. Who is the speaker
A. A radio announcer.
B. A TV host.
C. A reporter.
第二部分 阅读(共两节， 满 50 分)
第一节 (共 15小题; 每小题 2.5 分， 满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的 A、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Once Popular Sports in Ancient Capital Xi'an
The ancient capital Xi'an in Northwest China's Shaanxi province is holding the National Games. As the capital of 13 dynasties throughout Chinese history, the ancient city has never been far from sports. Starting from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, the city has held many sports events.
Cuju: Origin of modern soccer
Cuju was an ancient Chinese competitive game involving kicking a ball through an opening into a net. As the ancestor of soccer, it first appeared in the renowned ancient Chinese historical work Zhan Guo Ce（“Strategies of the Warring States”）, which describedCuju as a form of entertainment among the general public. Later, cuju was commonly played in the army for military training purposes, during the Han Dynasty.
Jiaodi: Chinese-style wrestling
Sumo, known as Japan's “national sport”, actually started in ancient China. Sumo was called jiaodi or jiaoli in ancient times. Ancient jiaodi,a Chinese-style wrestling, was performed by athletes wearing ox horns and wrestling with each other imitating wild oxen. During the Sui and Tang dynasties, jiaodi was highly favored by emperors. In the Tang Dynasty, jiaodi was part of military training and a kind of entrainment and athletic sports.
Jiju: Ancient polo
Jiju is a sport which uses a stick to hit balls while riding on a horse, pretty similar to modern polo. It was popular in the royal court and among common people in the Tang Dynasty. There were many fields for playing polo in the court and it was also a major military training program in the army. In the Tang Dynasty capital, there were formal polo courts, such as the stadium pavilion in Chang' an palace.
Archery
During ancient times, the origin of archery was closely related with hunting and defense. Ancient archery was not only an athletic event,a military training program, and an entertainment activity, but also part of education. As early as in Zhou Dynasty, the archery was listed as one of the six practical disciplines, also called the Six Arts, becoming an important and competitive form.
1. Which was popular in the army during the Han Dynasty
A. Cuju. B. Jiaodi.
C. Jiju. D. Archery.
2. How did people play Jiju in Tang Dynasty
A. Only by riding a horse.
B. By hitting balls wearing ox horns.
C. By kicking a ball through an opening into a net.
D. By hitting balls while riding on a horse with a stick.
3. What did the four games have in common
A. They were only for entertainment.
B. They all disappeared late gradually.
C. They were military training programs.
D. They all originated from Han Dynasty.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了曾经风靡古都西安的体育运动。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Later, cuju was commonly played in the army for military training purposes, during the Han Dynasty.”（后来，在汉代，蹴鞠在军队中被普遍用于军事训练）可知，汉朝军中流行的是蹴鞠。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Jiju is a sport which uses a stick to hit balls while riding on a horse, pretty similar to modern polo.”（击鞠是一项骑马时用棍子击球的运动，与现代马球非常相似）可知，唐代的人骑在马上用棍子击球。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Later, cuju was commonly played in the army for military training purposes, during the Han Dynasty.”（后来，在汉代，蹴鞠在军队中被普遍用于军事训练），第三段“In the Tang Dynasty, jiaodi was part of military training and a kind of entrainment and athletic sports.”（在唐代，角抵是军事训练的一部分，也是一种娱乐和体育运动），第四段“There were many fields for playing polo in the court and it was also a major military training program in the army.”（马球场上有很多场地，击鞠也是军队主要的军事训练项目）和第五段“Ancient archery was not only an athletic event,a military training program, and an entertainment activity, but also part of education.”（古代射箭不仅是一项体育运动、军事训练项目、娱乐活动，也是教育的一部分）可知，这四项运动的相同之处在于它们都是军事训练项目。故选C项。
B
When you hear the beginning of your favorite song from the radio, suddenly your neck is covered in goose bumps.
It's such a thing that a group of scientists call “skin excitement”—a feeling of cold caused not by a drop in temperature or sudden scare, but by the sense of beauty. “Skin excitement” can come from a song, a painting, a moving movie scene, or even a beloved memory-pretty much anything that causes the giving out of pleasure-soaked dopamine in your brain. But it does not come for all of us.
Your favorite music uncovers a lot about your personality，and so does how you respond to that music. Studies suppose that as few as 55 percent of people experience “skin excitement” when listening to music. And if you count yourself among this group, the goose bumps on your skin aren't the only giveaway—scientists can read it in your brain, too. In a new study published in the journal Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, Harvard researchers performed brain scans on 10 students who said they reliably got cold when listening to music, and 10 students who didn't. They found that the cold-prone brains may really be excited by stronger emotions.
Cold-prone brains are generally more likely to show stronger emotional intelligence than no-cold brains. Cold-prone minds tend to have unusual active imagination, reflect more deeply on their emotions, and appreciate nature and the beauty of music and art to a stronger degree than no-cold brains.
So, what type of music causes the chills It seems that the type is not so important; participants in the new study reported getting cold from songs of every kind. And any song connected with a strong emotional memory of the listener can produce the most reliable results. For me, that's the song Sailing to Philadelphia by Mark Knopfler, which I listened to as a kid in the car with my dad, on the way to the summer camp.
4. What can we learn about “skin excitement” in the text
A. It helps to produce doparmine. B. It is caused by the pain in the skin.
C. It can be experienced by every music listener. D. It is the human body's reaction to something nice.
5. What does the new study by Harvard researchers mainly find
A. The percentage of music lovers in students.
B. The solutions to the goose bumps on one's skin.
C. The differences between cold-prone and no-cold brains.
D. The relationship between one's music preference and personality.
6. What are people with cold-prone brains like
A. Beautiful and intelligent. B. Emotional and dishonest.
C. Imaginative and sensitive. D. Brave and strong-minded.
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Responses to Music Vary among People B. A Feeling of Cold Is Caused by Horrible Music
C. Your Favorite Music Reveals Your Personality D. Favorite Music May Bring Forth Goose Bumps
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于听到最喜爱的音乐会让人“皮肤兴奋”并产生寒意的相关研究，解释了这背后的原因以及对音乐有不同反应可以反应人的性格特点。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“It's such a thing that a group of scientists call “skin excitement”—a feeling of cold caused not by a drop in temperature or sudden scare, but by the sense of beauty. “Skin excitement” can come from a song, a painting, a moving movie scene, or even a beloved memory-pretty much anything that causes the giving out of pleasure-soaked dopamine in your brain.(一组科学家称这种现象为“皮肤兴奋”——不是因为温度下降或突然的恐惧而产生的寒冷感觉，而是因为美好。“皮肤兴奋”可以来自一首歌、一幅画、一个感人的电影场景，甚至是一段心爱的回忆——几乎任何能让你大脑中充满愉悦的多巴胺释放出来的东西)”可知，“皮肤兴奋”在本文中是指人体对美好事物的一种反应。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“In a new study published in the journal Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, Harvard researchers performed brain scans on 10 students who said they reliably got cold when listening to music, and 10 students who didn't. They found that the cold-prone brains may really be excited by stronger emotions.(在一项发表在《社会认知与情感神经科学》杂志上的新研究中，哈佛大学的研究人员对10名学生进行了脑部扫描，这些学生说他们在听音乐时确实感到寒冷，而另外10名学生没有。他们发现，容易发冷的大脑可能真的会被更强烈的情绪激发)”可知，这项新研究的成果主要是发现了容易发冷的大脑和不发冷大脑的区别。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Cold-prone brains are generally more likely to show stronger emotional intelligence than no-cold brains. Cold-prone minds tend to have unusual active imagination, reflect more deeply on their emotions, and appreciate nature and the beauty of music and art to a stronger degree than no-cold brains. (容易发冷的大脑通常比不感冒的大脑更有可能表现出更强的情商。与不发冷的大脑相比，容易发冷的大脑往往具有异常活跃的想象力，对情感的反思更深刻，对自然、音乐和艺术的欣赏程度更强)”可推断，大脑容易发冷的人情商较高，善解人意，且想象力丰富，对自然、音乐和艺术美的感觉是敏锐的。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“When you hear the beginning of your favorite song from the radio, suddenly your neck is covered in goose bumps.(当你从收音机里听到你最喜欢的歌曲开始时，你的脖子突然起了鸡皮疙瘩)”结合文章主要介绍了一项关于听到最喜爱的音乐会让人“皮肤兴奋”并产生寒意的相关研究，解释了这背后的原因以及对音乐有不同反应可以反应人的性格特点。故D选项“最喜欢的音乐会让你起鸡皮疙瘩”最符合文章标题。故选D。
C
Detecting drugs used to be a special job for dogs, but now a drug detection team is welcoming some new colleagues-squirrels. Six Eurasian red squirrels were trained and approved for work responsibilities by police in Chongqing in February.
Squirrels have a sharp sense of smell as they can smell food under a foot (about 30 centimeters) of snow. Being so small and quick, the “newcomers” are able to search for drugs in places where dogs may not be able to reach, such as in narrow spaces or on top of packages stacked (堆) high in warehouses. The squirrels have been trained to use their claws to scratch at boxes in order to catch their handlers’ attention if they detect drugs, according to local Chongqing police authorities.
“Our self-developed training system can be applied to the training of various animals,” Yin Jin, a police dog handler in Chongqing, told Global Times, adding that the training has really good results as the squirrels can quickly identify drugs. Although the system is designed for dogs, it can show some information on how squirrels are trained as well.
According to a research article published in the journal China Working Dog which details the program，conditioning the animals' reflexes (反射) is the key factor. First， the animals are familiarized with the target’s smell and do special gestures when they smell their target. For example, for explosive detection dogs, the handlers place pieces of cloth with the smell of the explosives next to the dogs’ food.
Next, the animals learn to search for the target under various conditions. From a large number of luggage bags to people walking in crowds, the handlers create different situations to test the animals. If the animals successfully identify the location of the target, the animals are then rewarded with snacks and other treats. The animals are soon able to search for targets spontaneously (自动地), showing that the conditioned reflex has been built in them. Their training ends with practice sessions in real-life scenarios.
8. What would the squirrels do once they identify drugs
A. Use their claws to take the drugs.
B. Enjoy treats from the handlers.
C. Scratch at the surface of packages.
D. Search for drugs with the same smell.
9. What is one advantage of using squirrels for drug detection mentioned in the article
A. Squirrels can detect drugs hidden under the earth.
B. Squirrels are better at identifying explosives than dogs.
C. Squirrels can access narrow spaces or high packages in warehouses.
D. Squirrels requires less training compared to police dogs for drug detection.
10. What is of vital importance for the animals’ successful detection
A. Developing the immediate reactions of animals.
B. Familiarizing the animals with the target’s smell.
C. Doing special gestures when they smell their target.
D. Involving practice sessions under different conditions.
11 Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. The Role of Animals in Drug Detection
B. A New Member in the Drug Detection Force
C. The Challenges of Training Squirrels for Drug Detection
D. Chongqing Police’s Training Program for Sniffer Animals
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了警方训练松鼠去搜查毒品。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The squirrels have been trained to use their claws to scratch at boxes to draw their handlers’ attention if they detect drugs, according to local Chongqing police authorities. (据重庆当地警方称，这些松鼠经过训练，一旦发现毒品，它们就会用爪子抓箱子，以引起饲养员的注意)”可知，松鼠在发现毒品后会用爪子抓箱子来提醒它们的饲养员。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Being so small and quick, the “newcomers” are able to search for drugs in places where dogs may not be able to reach，such as in narrow spaces or on top of packages stacked (堆) high in warehouses. (由于体积小、速度快，这些“新来者”能够在狗可能够不到的地方搜索毒品，比如狭窄的空间里，或者在仓库里堆叠得很高的包裹顶部。)”可知，在毒品检测方面，松鼠相比于狗来说，松鼠可以进入仓库狭窄的空间或到达高处的包裹。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The animals are soon able to search for targets spontaneously (自动地)，showing that the conditioned reflex has been built in them. (动物很快就能自动地寻找目标，这表明条件反射已经在体内建立起来了)”可知，动物自动寻找目标时，就表明它们已经发展出条件反射，因此形成条件反射对于动物成功探测是最重要的。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段内容“Detecting drugs used to be a special job for dogs, but now a drug detection team is welcoming some new colleagues-squirrels. Six Eurasian red squirrels were trained and approved for work responsibilities by police in Chongqing in February. ( 探测毒品曾经是狗的一项特殊工作，但现在一个毒品探测小组正在欢迎一些新同事——松鼠。今年2月，重庆警方对6只欧亚红松鼠进行了培训，并批准了它们的工作职责。)”以及下文内容可知，本文主要讲述了重庆警方训练松鼠进行毒品探测，迎来松鼠成为新同事，共同探测毒品，因此推断B项“毒品侦缉队的新成员”为最佳标题。故选B项。
D
A star athlete at the college where I work recently stopped by my office. After committing a few unforced errors during a weekend match, she was tom apart by self-criticism. “I can’t stop beating myself up,” she told me. “I’m at peak fitness, and I practice hard. How is this happening ”
Many students I teach, like this athlete, believe that all-nighters in the library and hours on the field should get them exactly where they need to go. When they fall short of what they imagine they should accomplish, they are crushed by self-blame.
We talk often about young adults struggling with failure because their parents have protected them from discomfort. But there is something else at play among the most privileged in particular: a false promise that they can achieve anything if they are willing to work for it.
Psychologists have sourced this phenomenon to a misapplication of “mind set” research, which has found that praising children for effort will increase academic performance. But a recent analysis found that while praising effort over ability may benefit high-risk or economically disadvantaged students, it does not necessarily help everyone.
The cruel, messy reality is that you can do everything in your power and still fail. Instead of allowing our kids to beat themselves up when things don’t go their way, we should all question a culture that has taught them that feeling anything less than overwhelmed means they’re lazy, and that where they go to college matters more than the kind of person they are. It’s suggested that parents and teachers spend time helping students find purpose, or goals they genuinely love to pursue and that make an impact on the world, which may help them gain greater life satisfaction and become more psychologically mature.
The point is not to give our kids a pass on working hard. But we would be wise to remind our kids that life has a way of sucker-punching us when we least expect it. It’s often the people who learn to say “stuff happens” who get up the fastest.
12. Which sort of students does the star athlete belong to
A. Those lacking courage to make self-criticism.
B. Those tired of working all night in the library.
C. Those believing hard work surely pay off.
D. Those overprotected by their parents in life.
13. What can we learn from Paragraph 4
A. Praising effort over ability will surely be beneficial to all kids.
B. The result of the “mindset” research doesn’t apply to all cases.
C. Parents should lay more emphasis on their kids’ academic performance.
D. Whether praising kids’ effort over ability does good to kids depends.
14. According to the author, how can parents help the kids overcome barriers in life
A. By choosing where to go to college for them.
B. By pushing them to fight against the cruel reality.
C. By discouraging them from making efforts to study hard.
D. By encouraging them to stick to a worthy cause they truly love.
15. What can be inferred from the passage
A. Students should not expect too much from their study.
B. Students with positive attitudes can move on more easily.
C. Students should bear all the failures on their own.
D. Students are sure to succeed if they try their best.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要说明了年轻人认为的努力肯定会有回报有时候不一定是正确的，心理学家将这种现象归因于对“心态”研究的误用，该研究发现，表扬孩子的努力会提高他们的学习成绩。残酷而混乱的现实是，你可以尽你所能做任何事情，但仍然失败。对此父母可以鼓励孩子们坚持他们真正热爱的有价值的事业来帮助孩子克服生活中的障碍。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Many students I teach, like this athlete, believe that all-nighters in the library and hours on the field should get them exactly where they need to go. When they fall short of what they imagine they should accomplish, they are crushed by self-blame. ”(我教过的许多学生，比如这位运动员，都认为在图书馆里通宵学习，在赛场上训练几个小时，应该能让他们达到目的。当他们没有达到他们认为应该达到的目标时，他们就会被自责击垮)可知，这位明星运动员属于那些相信努力工作肯定会有回报的人。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“But a 2018 analysis found that while praising effort over ability may benefit high-risk or economically disadvantaged students, it does not necessarily help everyone. ”(但2018年的一项分析发现，尽管称赞努力胜过能力可能有利于高风险或经济困难的学生，但这并不一定对每个人都有帮助)可知，是否表扬孩子的努力而不是能力对孩子有好处取决于实际情况。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“It’s suggested that parents and teachers spend time helping students find purpose, or goals they genuinely love to pursue and that make an impact on the world, which may help them gain greater life satisfaction and become more psychologically mature. ”(有人建议家长和老师花时间帮助学生找到目标，或他们真正喜欢追求的、对世界产生影响的目标，这可能会帮助他们获得更大的生活满意度，在心理上变得更成熟)可知，父母可以鼓励孩子们坚持他们真正热爱的、有价值的事业来帮助孩子克服生活中的障碍。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It’s often the people who learn to say ‘stuff happens’ who get up the fastest. ”(往往是那些学会说“世事无常”的人最快地行动起来)可知，有积极态度的学生更容易前进。故选B。
第二节 (共 5 小题; 每小题 2.5 分， 满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 选项中有两项为多余选项。
Science can help you improve your study methods. For more than 100 years，psychologists have done research on which study habits work best. ____16____ . Here are 4 tips to improve your study habits.
Space out your studying
Nate Kornell，a psychologist at Williams College，thinks it's a good idea to study the day before a big test. ____17____. Instead，space out those study sessions. Kornell compares our memory to water in a bucket that has a small leak. Try to refill the bucket while it's still full，and you can't add much more water. Allow time between study sessions，and some of the material may drip out of your memory. But then you'll be able to relearn it and learn more in your next study session.
Practice，practice，practice!
Musicians practice their instruments. Athletes practice sports skills. ____18____. "If you want to be able to remember information，the best thing you can do is practice，" says Katherine Rawson. She's a psychologist at Kent State University in Ohio. In one 2013 study，students took practice tests over several weeks. On the final test，they scored more than a full letter grade better，on average，than students who studied the way they normally had.
Test yourself
Nebel's preferred study habit is one of the best way. Before big tests，Nebel's mom quizzed her on the material. “Now I know that was retrieval（检索）practice，”she says. As Nebel got older，she quizzed herself. “____19____，” Nebel suggests. “Put questions on one side and the answers on the other side and try to quiz yourself the way the teacher asks questions，”she adds.
Dig deeper
It's hard to remember a string of facts and figures if you don't push further. Ask why things are a certain way. How did they come about？Why do they matter？Psychologists call this elaboration. It's taking class material and asking a lot of how and why questions about it. This helps you combine new information with other things you know. And it creates a bigger network in your brain of things that relate to one another，she says. ____20____.
A. The same should go for learning
B. Some tips help for almost every subject
C. Of course，nothing can replace studying with your mother
D. Some experts hold that studying late at night can be really useful
E. That larger network makes it easier to learn and remember things
F. Create a pack of flash cards every time you learn new information
G. But research shows it's a bad idea to force all your studying into that day
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. A 19. F 20. E
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章就“如何改善学习习惯”给出了一些建议。
【16题详解】
根据前一句“ For more than 100 years，psychologists have done research on which study habits work best. ”（100多年来，心理学家一直在研究哪些学习习惯最有效。），推断B选项（一些技巧对几乎每一门学科都有帮助）承接上文，引出下文的4 tips。故选B
【17题详解】
根据空格前一句“Nate Kornell，a psychologist at Williams College，thinks it's a good idea to study the day before a big test.”（威廉姆斯学院的心理学家内特·科内尔认为，在大考前一天学习是个好主意。），根据后句的instead体现出后文说明的是相反的做法，G选项（但研究表明，把你所有的学习都拖到那天是个坏主意），“but”一词表示句间逻辑的转折。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据空格前两句“Musicians practice their instruments. Athletes practice sports skills.”（音乐家们练习他们的乐器。运动员练习运动技能。），根据下文“If you want to be able to remember information，the best thing you can do is practice，" says Katherine Rawson. ”（如果你想记住信息，最好的办法就是练习。”凯瑟琳·罗森说道）A选项（学习也是如此）符合题意，表明学习也需要练习。后文是对选项的解释。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Before big tests，Nebel's mom quizzed her on the material. “Now I know that was retrieval（检索）practice，”she says. As Nebel got older，she quizzed herself. ”段落介绍了Nebel最初是考试前妈妈给她进行检索式复习。随着年龄增长，她自己采取这种方法复习。此句是引用Nebel说的话，她举例介绍检索式复习的一种方式。F选项（每次学习新信息时，创建一组闪存卡）符合要求。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据前一句“And it creates a bigger network in your brain of things that relate to one another，she says.”（她说：“它在你的大脑中建立了一个更大的网络，把相互关联的事物联系起来。”。）可知，选项承接上文说明更大的网络使的作用。E选项（那个更大的网络使学习和记忆东西变得更容易。）中的that larger network的指代就非常明显，指代前一句中的a bigger network。故选E。
第三部分： 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 从短文后各题所给的 A、 B、 C 和 D 四个选项中， 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Back in the days when I was just a young student, I was always absent from school ___21___, too shy to step into the public attention. My grades, though not absolutely good, was above the ___22___. However, an unexpected incident allowed me to___23___life lessons and gradually accept the challenges thrown at me.
One rainy afternoon, while walking home from school, an accident happened. A speeding car ___24___me, leaving me with a broken leg. Lying on my hospital bed,pain aching through my body, the reality of my situation ___25___. This unforeseen incident had set me back academically, and I needed to figure out how to achieve my previous___26___.
With the help of my parents and teachers, who ___27___accompanied me through the healing process, I managed to transform my ___28___ into a stepping stone. I began to acquire the will to push myself beyond my limits. After several months, I returned to school. My teachers had made accommodations for me, which included access to ___29___classes to catch up on the lessons I missed. Fueled by a newfound ___30___, I made every effort to engage in all activities and strived to stay active in both the academic and extracurricular fields.
In the end, my actions___31___fruit. Not only did my academic performance improve, but I also developed an ability to adapt to unexpected situations. I realized the importance of being able to___32___my fears and overcome them. The incident that I___33___viewed as a major discouragement was, in fact, a turning point in my life. It was an opportunity to adjust my perspective and learn to admire the strength within myself.
The___34___did not happen overnight. It was a gradual process, just like adding a new piece to a puzzle every day. But with each piece, I moved one step closer to the bigger ___35___ .
21. A. camps B. days C. facilities D. events
22. A. minimum B. maximum C. average D. majority
23. A. absorb B. forget C. teach D. avoid
24. A. approached B. hit C. lifted D. followed
25. A. gave in B. sank in C. fit in D. cut in
26. A. standing B. playing C. suffering D. finding
27. A. occasionally B. casually C. constantly D. scarcely
28. A. shyness B. setback C. strength D. performance
29. A. practical B. optional C. basic D. extra
30. A. drive B. concept C. version D. skill
31. A. planted B. distributed C. sold D. bore
32. A. assess B. address C. monitor D. hide
33. A. initially B. actually C. suddenly D. eventually
34. A. inspiration B. assumption C. transformation D. exploration
35. A. space B. ambition C. picture D. capacity
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是作者被车撞了，原本这个事情影响了作者的学业，后来作者趁此机会改变了自己，从一个害羞的人变成一个积极参加各种活动的人。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我还是一个年轻的学生时，我总是缺席学校的活动，太害羞了，不敢进入公众的视线。A. camps营地；B. days一天；C. facilities设施；D. events活动。根据下文“too shy to step into the public attention”可知，作者太害羞了，不敢在公共场合多露面，所以作者总是缺席学校的活动。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的成绩虽然不是很好，但在平均水平之上。A. minimum最小值；B. maximum最大值；C. average平均水平；D. majority大多数。根据上文“though not absolutely good”可知，作者的成绩虽然不是很好，但在平均水平之上。故选C。
23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，一件意想不到的事情让我吸取了人生的教训，并逐渐接受了抛给我的挑战。A. absorb吸取；B. forget忘记；C. teach教；D. avoid避免。根据下文“gradually accept the challenges thrown at me”可知，有一件事让作者吸取了教训，逐渐敢于接受挑战。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一辆超速行驶的汽车撞了我，把我的腿摔断了。A. approached接近；B. hit撞击；C. lifted提起；D. followed跟随。根据下文“leaving me with a broken leg”可知，作者被车撞了。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：躺在医院的病床上，全身疼痛，我渐渐意识到自己的处境。A. gave in屈服；B. sank in领悟：完全被知晓、感受或理解；C. fit in适应；D. cut in插嘴。根据下文“This unforeseen incident had set me back academically”可知，作者开始领悟到自己的处境，也就是作者开始渐渐意识到自己的处境。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这件意外的事让我在学业上倒退了，我需要想办法恢复到以前的水平。A. standing地位；B. playing演奏；C. suffering苦难；D. finding发现。根据上文“This unforeseen incident had set me back academically”可知，这件意外的事让作者在学业上倒退了，作者需要想办法恢复到以前的水平，空格处意为“地位”。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在父母和老师的帮助下，他们一直陪伴着我度过康复的过程，我成功地把挫折变成了垫脚石。A. occasionally偶尔；B. casually随意地；C. constantly一直；D. scarcely秘密地。根据上文“my parents and teachers”和下文“accompanied me through the healing process”可知，作者的父母和老师一直陪伴着作者。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在父母和老师的帮助下，他们一直陪伴着我度过康复的过程，我成功地把挫折变成了垫脚石。A. shyness害羞；B. setback挫折；C. strength力量；D. performance表现。根据上文“This unforeseen incident had set me back academically”可知，这个事情影响了作者的学业，所以对作者来说是一个挫折，作者成功地把挫折变成了垫脚石。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的老师为我做了一些安排，包括让我上额外的课来补课。A. practical实用的；B. optional可选择的；C. basic基本的；D. extra额外的。根据下文“to catch up on the lessons I missed”可知，作者要上额外的课来弥补之前错过的课。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一种新的动力的推动下，我尽一切努力参加各种活动，努力在学术和课外领域保持活跃。A. drive驱动力；B. concept概念；C. version版本；D. skill技能。根据上文“I began to acquire the will to push myself beyond my limits”可知，作者找到了新的动力，空格处意为“驱动力”。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我的行动取得了成果。A. planted种植；B. distributed分发；C. sold卖；D. bore结果实。根据下文“Not only did my academic performance improve, but I also developed an ability to adapt to unexpected situations”可知，作者的行动取得了成果，空格处意为“结果实”。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到直面恐惧并克服它们的重要性。A. assess评估；B. address设法解决；C. monitor监督；D. hide躲藏。根据下文“my fears and overcome them”可知，作者直面恐惧，并克服它们，也就是解决了恐惧。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这件事起初被我视为一大挫折，但实际上却是我人生的转折点。A. initially最初；B. actually事实上；C. suddenly突然；D. eventually最终。根据上文“This unforeseen incident had set me back academically”可知，刚开始作者认为这个事情影响作者的学业了，把它当成一个挫折。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种转变不是一夜之间发生的。A. inspiration灵感；B. assumption猜想；C. transformation转变；D. exploration探索。根据上文“I made every effort to engage in all activities and strived to stay active in both the academic and extracurricular fields”可知，作者借着这次事件改变了自己，因此这是一个转变。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但每完成一件作品，我就离更大的蓝图更近了一步。A. space空间；B. ambition野心；C. picture图片；D. capacity能力。根据上文“adding a new piece to a puzzle every day”可知，作者的转变就像是每天在拼图上加一块新东西一样，因此每完成一件作品，作者就能构建出更大的图片，故选C。
第二节 (共 10 小题; 每小题 1.5 分， 满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
No one can foretell the future of technology exactly, because no one can see the future. However, there are reasonable _____36_____ (argue) based on the advances and trends in technology in the past. For example, it’s reasonable to predict that computers will continue to become more powerful, numerous and cheaper. Areas with huge potential, _____37_____ are just beginning to be made use of today, like biotechnology, will continue to produce fruit.
Technology in general will probably continue to improve, _____38_____ (create) both promises and risks. In _____39_____ area of computers, someone might interact with hundreds of embedded microchips (嵌入式微芯片) throughout the home and the office. In the future, it will be many thousands. _____40_____ some have called “ubiquitous computing” —— computers everywhere helping us with everything —— will be caused by increasing bandwidth and decreasing costs. Some viewers, especially Bill Gates, believe the next few decades _____41_____ (characterize) by long-awaited revolutions in robotic technology. Other futurists see trends in automation technology leading to desktop factories that enable users _____42_____ (make) objects from a host of simple _____43_____ (origin) parts.
Apart from above areas, there are dozens if not hundreds of areas that will continue to advance technologically. One thing is _____44_____ sure: the future will have better technology than the past did. But will we put _______45_______ to better use Only time and effort will tell.
【答案】36. arguments
37. which 38. creating
39. the 40. What
41. will be characterized
42. to make
43. original
44. for 45. it
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章对科学技术的未来进行了预测。
【36题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：然而，基于过去技术的进步和趋势，也有合理的论点。根据前文there are可知，此处应用其名词复数作主语。故填arguments。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：具有巨大潜力的领域，如生物技术，今天才刚刚开始被利用，将继续结出果实。分析可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Areas，指代事物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：总的来说，技术可能会继续改进，带来承诺和风险。此处为非谓语，动词create和主语之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填creating。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在计算机领域，人们可能会与遍布家庭和办公室的数百个嵌入式微芯片进行交互。根据句意可知，名词area由介词短语of computers限定，是特指概念。故填the。
【40题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：一些人称之为“无处不在的计算”——无处不在的计算机帮助我们做任何事情——将由带宽的增加和成本的降低引起。分析可知，此处引导主语从句，连接代词what引导从句，作动词have called的宾语，（call接复合宾语，）指代事物，意为“……的事”。故填What。
【41题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：一些观察者，尤其是比尔·盖茨，相信未来几十年将出现期待已久的机器人技术革命。动词characterize和宾语从句主语之间是被动关系，根据主语the next few decades可知，应用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be characterized。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：其他未来学家认为，自动化技术的趋势将导致桌面工厂的出现，用户可以用大量简单的原始零件制造出物品。enable sb to do sth“使某人做某事”是固定句型，不定式作宾语补足语。故填to make。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：同上。修饰名词parts用形容词。故填original。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：有一件事是肯定的：未来将拥有比过去更好的技术。固定搭配for sure“确实，肯定地”作表语。故填for。
【45题详解】
考查代词。句意：但我们会更好地利用它吗？指代前文不可数名词technology，用代词it作宾语。故填it。
第四部分：基础知识及书面表达( 共三节，满分40分)
第一节 选择并使用所给单词或短语的正确形式完成句子，有两个词为多余。（共10题，每小题0.5分，满分5分, 每个词只能用一次）
选词填空
compare convince incredible panic luxury preserve influence violent dismiss lay the foundation for cast new light on wear down
46. We will not be ______________ into making a decision in a hurry.
47. The Chinese people live a happier life under the leadership of the CPC in ______________ with people in war-torn areas of the world.
48. Columbus was one of the most______________ explorers in history.
49. Hopefully, this experiment ______________ space farming and allow us to set up permanent bases on other planets.
50. For many years, some historians ______________ the records of there voyages as legends.
51. ______________ that she was innocent, the lawyer agreed to defend for her.
52. To enable rental increases, you have to have ______________ furnishings.
53. The landing of Chang’e 3 proved to be a success and how it ______________future exploration was plain to see.
54. ______________, she had no idea what was going on.
55. I’m happy to see the Dunhuang murals are so well ______________.
【答案】46. panicked
parison
48. influential
49. will cast new light on
50. dismissed
51. Convinced
52. luxurious
53. laid the foundation for
54. Incredibly
55. preserved
【解析】
【46题详解】
考查动词。句意：我们不会在恐慌中匆忙做出决定。根据“into making a decision in a hurry”以及句意“恐慌”可知为短语be panicked into，故填panicked。
47题详解】
考查名词。句意：在中国共产党的领导下，中国人民的生活比世界上战乱地区的人民要幸福得多。根据“people in war-torn areas of the world”以及句意“比较”可知应填名词comparison，作宾语，故填comparison。
【48题详解】
考查形容词。句意：哥伦布是历史上最有影响力的探险家之一。根据“Columbus was one of the most”以及句意“有影响力的”可知应填形容词influential，作定语修饰名词explorers。故填influential。
【49题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：希望这个实验能给太空农业带来新的启示，并使我们能够在其他星球上建立永久基地。根据“allow us to set up permanent bases on other planets”以及句意“带来新的启示”可知应填cast new light on，表示将来的动作用一般将来时。故填will cast new light on。
【50题详解】
考查动词。句意：多年来，一些历史学家认为这些航海记录只是传说。根据“the records of there voyages as legends”以及句意可知应填dismiss，描述过去发生的动作用一般过去时。故填dismissed。
【51题详解】
考查动词。句意：律师确信她是无辜的，同意为她辩护。根据“that she was innocent”以及句意“确信”可知应填convince，此处为过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Convinced。
【52题详解】
考查形容词。句意：为了增加租金，你必须拥有豪华的家具。根据“To enable rental increases”以及句意“豪华的”可知应填形容词luxurious，作定语修饰名词furnishings。故填luxurious。
【53题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：嫦娥三号的着陆证明是成功的，它为未来的探索奠定了基础，这是显而易见的。根据“for future exploration was plain to see”以及句意“奠定基础”可知应填lay the foundation for，根据上文proved可知为一般过去时。故填laid the foundation for。
【54题详解】
考查副词。句意：令人难以置信的是，她完全不知道发生了什么。根据“she had no idea what was going on.”以及句意“令人难以置信的是”可知应填副词incredibly，作状语，首字母大写。故填Incredibly。
【55题详解】
考查动词。句意：我很高兴看到敦煌壁画保存得如此完好。根据“Dunhuang murals are so well”以及句意“保存”可知应填动词preserve，与主语构成被动关系，结合are可知为一般现在时的被动语态。故填preserved。
第二节 单句语法填空。（共10小题，每题1分，满分10分）
56. _____ is the case with most manufacturers, we have to reduce prices in order to remain competitive. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】As
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：和大多数制造商一样，我们必须降低价格以保持竞争力。表示“正如……的情况一样”句型为as is the case with，首字母大写。故填As。
57. The _____ (strange) of living in space is apparent from the moment we sleep. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】strangeness
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：从我们睡觉的那一刻起，生活在太空中的陌生感就显而易见了。根据定冠词The可知，此处应用名词strangeness (不可数)作主语。故填strangeness。
58. With so much going on, the space station needs lots of _____ (main), so we constantly check support systems and do some cleaning. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】maintenance
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：有这么多事情要做，空间站需要很多维护，所以我们经常检查支持系统并做一些清洁。作宾语，应用名词maintenance，不可数。故填maintenance。
59. Jack insisted that he _____ (steal) the cellphone. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】hadn’t stolen
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：杰克坚持说他没有偷手机。insisted在句中表示“坚持说，坚称”，其后面的宾语从句应使用陈述语气，且steal“偷”的行为发生在insisted之前，时态应用过去完成时，结合语境可知，杰克坚持说的内容应该是他“没有”偷手机，需用否定词not。故填hadn’t stolen。
60. ________ his lack of experience, he got the job. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】Despite
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管他缺乏工作经验，但他还是得到了这份工作。分析可知，上下文为转折关系，设空处意为“尽管”，应用介词despite，后接名词，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Despite。
61. The flood victims have received both sympathy and _____ (assist) from the international community during the flood season. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】assistance
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：水灾受害者在汛期得到了国际社会的同情和援助。根据前文received both sympathy and可知，此处应用名词assistance(不可数)和sympathy并列作宾语。故填assistance。
62. I have the impression _____ people there are always on the go. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我的印象是那里的人总是很忙碌。根据句意可知，此处引导同位语从句，作名词impression的同位语，从句意义完整，用连接词that引导。故填that。
63. The location of the USS Arizona is shaped with a memorial like a bridge crossing the ship’s _____ (sunk) remains. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】sunken
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：亚利桑那号航空母舰的位置有一座纪念碑，就像一座横跨沉船残骸的桥梁。修饰名词remains应用其形容词sunken“沉没的”作定语，符合句意。故填sunken。
64. It’s freezing cold this winter. How _____ (awe) the weather is! （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】awful
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个冬天很冷。天气真糟糕！根据前文How和后文the weather is可知，此处应用形容词awful，作表语，构成感叹句。故填awful。
65. _______________did this will sooner or later be caught and will be punished.（用适当的词填空）
【答案】Whoever
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：无论是谁干的，迟早会被抓住并受到惩罚。分析句式结构可知此处是主语从句，且主语从句中缺少主语，再分析句意可知，用连接代词whoever引导主语从句表示“无论谁”干的，符合语境。故填whoever。
第三节 读后续写 (满分25分)
66. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
My mouth felt dry as I followed my mother into the doctor’s office and sank into a chair next to hers. This doctor had a room full of gadgets (小装置) and gizmos (小物件) to analyze the learning abilities of failing students. That day he had analyzed me. “I’m sorry to tell you this, Mrs. Dow, but Peter has dyslexia (阅读障碍). A fairly serious case.”
I swallowed and tried to breathe. The doctor went on. “He’ll never read above the fourth-grade level. Since he won’t be able to complete high school requirements,I suggest you enroll (使登记) him in a trade school where he can learn to work with his hands.” I didn’t want to go to trade school (职校). I wanted to apply at Bible College in our town to be a preacher (牧师), like my dad. I forced my tears back. A twelve-year-old was too big to cry. “Thank you, Doctor.” We drove home.
Dyslexia I’d never heard it before. Sure, I was always the slowest kid in my class. I had a special hiding place where I would cry because I couldn’t do my lessons however hard I tried. Of course, I never told my mom about that. I was too ashamed. I didn’t want to worry her, either. She had enough on her mind with teaching school full-time and taking care of Dad and me.
On reaching home, my mom looked into my eyes with tears running down her cheeks. Seeing her cry was too much for me. Before I knew what was happening, I was in her arms crying. A few minutes later she said, “Honey, I want to talk to you.” I waited, sniffling (抽泣). “You heard what the doctor said about your not finishing school. I don’t believe him.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I stopped sniffling and looked at her.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A ray of hope shone through the uncertain future.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
I stopped sniffling and looked at her. Her mild blue eyes smiled into mine. Behind them lay an iron will. “We’ll have to work very hard, you, dad, and I, but I think we can do it. Now that I know what the problem is, we can try to overcome it. I’m going to hire a tutor who knows about dyslexia. I’ll work with you myself evenings and weekends. Her eyebrows drew down as she peered/stare at me. “Are you willing to work, Peter Do you want to try ”
A ray of hope shone through the uncertain future. “Yes, Mom. I really want to.” The next six years were an endurance run for both of us. I studied with a tutor twice a week until I could haltingly read my lessons. Each night my mom and I sat at my little desk and rehearsed that day’s schoolwork for at least two hours, sometimes until midnight. We drilled for tests until my head pounded and the print blurred before my eyes . At least twice a week, I wanted to quit. I had the strength of a kitten, but my mom’s courage never wavered.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者被诊断患有阅读障碍，妈妈对此虽然非常伤心，但仍然鼓励作者不要放弃。母亲鼓励作者跟着老师一起克服阅读障碍，作者也付出了许多努力。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我止住了抽泣，看着她”可知，第一段可描写母亲鼓励作者，并提出请老师来帮助作者。
②由第二段首句内容“一线希望从不确定的未来中闪耀出来”可知，第二段可描写作者和妈妈一起努力克服阅读障碍的经过。
2.续写线索：母亲鼓励——提出请老师来帮助——作者每周阅读——付出努力——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
克服：overcome /get over
尝试：try/attempt
放弃：quit /give up
情绪类
勇气：courage /braveness
愿意：willing / glad
【点睛】[高分句型1] Now that I know what the problem is, we can try to overcome it. (运用了what引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] We drilled for tests until my head pounded and the print blurred before my eyes. (运用了until引导时间状语从句)
1-5 BBCBC 6-10 BABCC 11-15 AACBC 16-20 BACAA
