外研版（2019）必修第一册Unit1 A New Start Grammar 语法课件(共40张PPT)

(共40张PPT)
Basic Sentence Structure
Lead-in
What did you learn from this video
1. 找出下列句中主语。
① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the
classroom.
② There is an old man coming here.
③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.
④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is
very difficult.
Answers：
① teacher ② man ③ dictionary ④ To do
Practice
2. 选出句中谓语。
① I don't like the picture on the wall.
A. don't B. like C. Picture D. wall
② The days get longer and longer when summer comes.
A. get B. longer C. days D. summer
③ Do you usually go to school by bus
A. Do B. usually C.go D. bus
④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.
A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon
Answers：① B② A ③ C ④ A
3.找出下列句中的宾语。
① My brother hasn't done his homework.
② People all over the world speak English.
③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.
④ How many new words did you learn last class
Answers：
①homework. ②English. ③attention ④words
Grammar focus：basic sentence structure
1. Subject (主语) + Verb (谓语)
e.g.The accident happened yesterday afternoon.
事故是昨天下午发生的。
2. Subject(主语) + Verb (谓语) + Object (宾语)
e.g.Li Lei always helps me when I have difficulties.
不及物动词
及物动词
当我遇到困难时，李雷总能给我帮助。
3. Subject (主语) + Link. V(系动词) + Predicate(表语)
e.g.This kind of food tastes delicious.
这种食物吃起来很可口。
(Amy laughed.)
(I love our country.)
(I was embarrassed.)
Presentation
4. Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+ Indirect object(间接宾语)+
Direct object (直接宾语)
e.g. Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthday present.
她爸爸给她买了一本词典作为生日礼物。
5. Subject(主语)+Verb (动词)+Object (宾语)+Complement
(补语)
e.g.You should keep the room clean and tidy.
你应该让屋子保持干净整洁。
(He gave me a smile.)
(The good news made me excited.)
6. Subject(主语)+Verb (谓语动词)+Adverbial modifer(状语)
e.g. She stayed in the room.
她待在房间里。
7. Subject(主语)+Verb (谓语动词)+Object (宾语) +Adverbial modifer(状语)
e.g. John looked at his mother happily.
约翰兴奋地看着他妈妈。
8. There be句型（某地有某物或某人；be 单复数要与最近的主语一致）
e.g. There are many students in the playground.
操场上有许多学生。
不及物动词
及物动词
系动词
(表明主语和表语之间的联系关系的）
状态系动词：用来表示主语状态；只有be (am is are).
eg. He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。
持续系动词：用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay, lie,stand等。
eg. He always keep silent at meeting.他开会时总保持沉默。
表像系动词：用来表示“看起来像”，主要有seem, appear, look等。
eg. He looks tired.他看起来很累。
感官系动词：表示感觉，主要有feel, smell, sound, taste等。
eg. This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布摸起来很软。
变化系动词：表示主语变成什么样，主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come,run等。
eg. He became mad after that.
Task
Complete the exercise 1 on page 6.
You need to read the sentences and find the differences of them. Then complete the match activity.
Then check your answer in groups and then find more sentences that shared the same structure in the reading passage.
2. Complete the exercise 2 on page 6.
You need to look at the pictures and get to know the main content of the story. Then make your own ending of the story and tell it.
Use the different sentence structures as many as possible.
What would you do then Why
A. Even so, I told her the truth and brought her a new one.
B. Thus, i hid the broken piece secretly and i didn’t tell anyone this accident.
C. At first, i pretended nothing had happened, but finally i was too guilty to cheat, so I gave her apology.
One day, I was running quickly while playing basketball when (and then) the ball dropped and it destroyed Lily’s Mp3. As soon as I thought she would be angry, I sweated (出汗), because it made me really afraid. Even so, I apologized to her sincerely and i bought her a new one.
Appreciation and Evaluation
S+V+A
S+V+O
S+V+P
S+V
S+V+O+C
S+V+O+A
S+V+O+O
with 复合结构
介词with 后面可以跟复合宾语，即with+宾语+宾语补足语，其中宾语通常是名词，宾语补足语可以是现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式、形容词、介词短语、名词、副词。宾语与宾语补足语有逻辑主谓关系。with复合结构在句中常用作伴随，方式，原因，条件等状语，也可用作定语。
with +名词+
形容词
副词
介词短语
不定式
现在分词
过去分词
非谓语动词：在句中充当除谓语以外的句子的各种成分的动词形式
1. with+名词(或代词)+现在分词
此时，现在分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的主谓关系。现在分词与前面的宾语（名词）是主动关系，表示动作正在进行。
1). With prices going up so fast, we can’t afford luxuries.
由于物件上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。(原因状语)
2). She felt nervous with the whole class staring at her.
由于全班都盯着她看，她感到紧张。(表示原因)
2. with+名词(或代词)+过去分词
此时，过去分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的动宾关系。过去分词与宾语之间是被动关系，表示动作完成。
1). I sat my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed the ceiling.
我在房间坐了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花板。(伴随情况)
2). She had to walk home with her bike stolen.
自行车被偷，她只好步行回家。(原因状语)
3. with+名词(或代词)+动词不定式
此时，不定式表示与宾语可以用主动表示被动关系，表示将要发生的动作。
1). With no one to talk to, John felt miserable.
由于没有说话的人，约翰感到很悲哀。(原因状语)
2). With a lot of work to do, he wasn’t allowed to go out.
因为还有很多工作要做，他没有被允许外出。
4. with +名词(或代词)+形容词
1). I like to sleep with the windows open.
我喜欢把窗户开着睡觉。(伴随情况)
2).With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it’ll rain presently.
天气这么闷，十之八九要下雨。(表示状态)
此时，形容词表示宾语所处的状态。
5. with+名词(或代词)+介词短语
1). With the children at school, we can’t take our vacation when we want to.
由于孩子们在上学，所以当我们想度假时而不能去度假。(原因状语)
2). We huamn beings could not survive without all plants and animals around us.
没有周围的动物或植物，我们人类就没法生存。(条件状语)
6. With+名词(或代词)+副词
1). He fell asleep with light on.
他睡着了，灯还亮着。(伴随情况)
2). The boy stood there with his head down.
这个男孩低头站在那儿。(伴随情况)
此时，副词表示宾语所处的状态。
7. with复合结构除作状语外，有时也可作定语。
1)There is a river with lines of trees on both sides there.
那儿有一条两岸长满树的河流。(后置定语，修饰名词a river)
Exercises
1. The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog _____them.
A. to follow B. following C. followed D. follows
B. 宾语 their pet dog 与宾补之间为主谓关系
2. With much work_______(do) tomorrow, I had to sleep early.
to do
3. With much work_______(finish), he left, tired and sleepy.
finished
4.With the boy________(lead) the way, we found the house early.
5. With the boy_________(lead) the way, we will find the house in two or three miles.
leading
to lead
Attention:
drama n.
argue with 争论；和...争吵
argue about 争论、议论某事
argue for 赞成，支持；论证
Complete the exercise 3 on page 7.
dramatic adj.
dramatically adv.戏剧性地，急剧地
argue v.
argument n. 争论，争吵，争辩
Intelligent adj.
Intelligence n. 智慧
谢谢观看