人教版（2019）必修第一册Unit 5 Languages Around the World 单元单词讲解课件(共83张PPT)
文档属性
| 名称 | 人教版（2019）必修第一册Unit 5 Languages Around the World 单元单词讲解课件(共83张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 1.1MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-01-08 15:13:48 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
(共83张PPT)
Unit 5
LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
Words and expressions
listening and speaking
billion / b ~lj n/
native / ne ~t v/
attitude / ~t ~tju d/
refer /r ~ f (r)/
refer to
reference/ re~fr ns/
Korean/k ~ ri ~ n/
Danish/ de ~n /
Denmark/ den~mɑ k/
Arabic/ ~r ~b k/
FIFA/ fi ~f /
native adj.出生地的;本地的;土著的 n.[C,pl-s]本地人(SYN. local)
【教材P60】Listen to a speech and tick(vt.打钩，做记号) the two languages with the most native speakers.
听一篇演讲,给两种有最多人以之为母语的语言打钩号。
(1)a native(n.) of生于……的人,原产于(SYN.indegenous)……的
be native(adj.) to 原产于/原籍是……
(2)native land 故乡,祖国
native language/tongue 母语
native speaker 生来就说某种语言的人；母语者
【佳句】The graduate speaks English very well as if English were his native language.
这个毕业生英语说得很好,好像英语是他的母语一样。(虚拟语气)
（tongue /t / n. 舌头，语言，方言）
the native plants of America ; native species
The tiger is native to India.
土生的；当地的；原产的
单句语法填空
①It’s true that pandas are native to Sichuan Province.
②As a native of Beijing, I am so familiar with对...熟悉 the city that I can show you around it.【show sb. around 带某人参观】
完成句子
③When we are learning a foreign language we need to remember how we learned our native language .
当我们正在学习一门外语的时候,需要记住我们是如何学会我们母语的。
to
of
learned our native language
go native： （of a person staying in another country ) to try to live and behave like the local people
attitude / ~t ~tju d/ n.（C, pl-s） 态度;看法
【教材P60】What is the attitude of the speaker towards foreign language learning
说话人对外语学习的态度是什么
take/have/adopt a/an ... attitude (towards/to ...)
(对……)持有……的态度
attitude of mind 心态;看法
【佳句】①It was your bad attitude towards/to your studies that made your parents sad.
②As soon as they found out I was a doctor their whole attitude changed.
正是你对学习的消极态度使你的父母伤心。
他们一发现我是医生,他们的态度就完全改变了。
派生：
attitudinal / t tju d nl/ adj. 态度的
完成句子
①From my point of view,despite ups and downs in our lives,we should take/have/adopt a positive attitude towards/to our lives .
在我看来,尽管我们的生活起起伏伏,我们还是应该对我们的生活持有积极的态度。
②People can change their lives by changing their attitudes of mind . 人们可以通过改变心态来改变自己的人生。
take/have/adopt a positive attitude towards/to our lives
changing their attitudes of mind
despite /d spa t/ prep. 尽管，即使
ups and downs浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
三维P124
despite /d ~ spa t/ prep. 尽管，即使（SYN. in spite of）
(1)despite为介词,后跟名词或名词性短语。
(2)despite the fact that后跟同位语从句。
(3)although/though为连词,引导让步状语从句。
一句多译
尽管学校生活充满了乐趣,我还是更喜欢住在租的房子里。
→ Despite the fact that the school life is full of fun , I prefer to live in the rented room.
→ Although the school life is full of fun , I prefer to live in the rented room.
Despite the fact that the school life is full of fun
Although the school life is full of fun
ups and downs (n.)浮沉;兴衰;荣辱
选词填空(ups and downs, up and down)
①He looked at me up and down and then asked me a few questions.
②We have to face the fact that life is full of ups and downs .
up and down
ups and downs
up-and-down (adj.)上下起伏的；来来往往的；变动的
up and down (adv.)上上下下;来来往往；不稳定地
in and out 时进时出(于某处)
here and there 到处
right and left 到处
refer/r ~ f (r)/ (-rr-) vi.提到;参考;查阅 vt.查询;叫……求助于
【教材P60】Pronouns (it,they,she,etc.) refer to something or somebody mentioned earlier.
代词(它、他们、她等)指代早先提到的事物或人。
(2)派生：reference / refr ns/
n.指称关系;参考;说到(或写到)的事;提到;谈及;涉及
reference books 参考书； in/with reference to 关于
(1)refer(vi.) to描述;涉及；与...相关；提到;查阅；参考
refer to ... as ... 把……称为/当作……
【佳句】①As far as I know, he is referred to as a living Lei Feng.
②Although she didn’t mention any names, everyone knew who she was
referring to.
据我所知,他被称为“活雷锋”。
虽然她没有提到任何名字,但每个人都知道她指的是谁。
语境辨义
①The official referred to the rescue workers several times at the meeting. 提到
②If you don’t know the exact meaning of the word, you may refer to the dictionary. 查阅
完成句子
③Xinhua Dictionary is referred to as one of the best reference books .
《新华字典》被称作最好的参考书之一。
提到
查阅
referred to as
reference books
refer(vi.) to描述(describe);涉及；与...相关(be connected to)；提到(mention);查阅(look up, consult)；参考
listening and speaking
billion-billionaire native/local(of/to) tongue
attitude(towards/to)-attitudinal
refer-reference refer to: describe, mention, look up/consult
refer to...as=consider as ups and downs
despite/in spite of & although/though Korean/k ~ ri ~ n/
Danish/ de ~n /
Denmark/ den~mɑ k/
Arabic/ ~r ~b k/
FIFA/ fi ~f /（ International Federation of Association Football）
Reading and Thinking
system / s s~t m/
despite /d ~spa t/
ups and downs
factor / f k~t (r)/
base /be s/
based /be st/
date back (to ...)
no matter where, who, what, etc.
bone /b n/
shell / el/
symbol / s m~bl/
carve /kɑ v/
dynasty/ d ~n s~ti/
variety /v ~ ra ~ti/
major / me ~d (r)/
Reading and Thinking
dialect / da ~lekt/
means /mi nz/
classic / kl ~s k/
regard /r ~ ɡɑ d/
character / k ~r k~t (r)/
calligraphy /k ~ l ~gr ~fi/
global / ɡl ~bl/
affair / ~ fe (r)/
appreciate / ~ pri ~ i~e t/
specific /sp ~ s ~f k/
CE (Common Era)
based /be st/ adj.以(某事)为基础的;以…为重要部分(或特征)的
【教材P62】At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based
language.
汉字在最初是一种基于图形的语言。
派生：
(1)base/be s/ n.底部;根据 vt.以……为据点;以……为基础
(3)basis / be s s/ n. 基础;基本原则
(2)basic / be s k/ adj. 基础的;基本的
(4)baseless / be sl s/ adj. 无根据的
base ... on/upon ... 把……建立在……的基础上
on the basis of 以……为基础
【佳句】 ①When it comes to choosing between arts and science, the basic（adj.） rule is to base(vt.) our choice on our own interest and strengths.
当谈到选择文科还是理科的时候,基本的原则是把我们的选择建立在我们的兴趣和强项的基础上。
②Just as its name implies(v.意味，暗指), personal income tax is usually based on one’s personal income.
顾名思义,个人所得税通常以个人收入为基础。
base sth. on把…建立在…的基础上[主动]
sth. be based on ...被建立在...的基础上，以...为基础[被动]
【词汇辨析】basis, foundation, base基础，根据
[usually sing.] a principle, an idea or a fact that supports sth and that it can develop from：
1.basis 2. base 3. foundation
He laid the foundation of Japan's modern economy. 他奠定了日本现代经济的基础。
These figures formed the basis of their pay claim. 这些数字是他们要求提高工资的根据。
His arguments have a sound economic base. 他的论点在经济上有充分的根据。
【与basis/base相比，foundation常用以指更大、更重要的事物】
【词汇辨析】basis, foundation, base
The lamp has a heavy base.
His arguments have a sound economic base.
These policies have a broad base of support.
a drink with a rum base
Put some moisturizer（/ m st ra z (r)/ 润肤霜）on as a base before applying your make-up.
The company has its base in New York, and branch offices all over the world.
a military/naval/air base
After the attack, they returned to base.
底座；根基；基底
（思想的）根据；出发点=basis
（支持、收入、力量等的）来源，
混合物的首要（或主要）成分
总部；据点
基地
①On the basis of your basic knowledge about the history of the Tang Dynasty, I think it easier for you to understand Tang poems. (base)
②I’m writing to get some basic (base) financial(/fa n n ( )l/
adj.财政的，金融的) advice from you. I don’t know how to manage money.
③ Based (base) on some historical facts,the novel won instant success.
一句多译
④这部电影取材于她母亲的真实故事,非常感人。
→The film which is based on a true story of her mother is very moving.
→ Based on a true story of her mother, the film is very moving.
basis
basic
basic
Based
单句语法填空
which is based on
Based on
date back (to ...) 追溯到
【教材P62】It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu — animal bones(/b n/) and shells(/ el/)on which symbols were carved/kɑ v/ by ancient Chinese people.
它可以追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期——古代中国人在这些骨头和壳上面刻画符号。
追溯到;始于
【佳句】The temple has a long history dating back to the early period of the Tang Dynasty.
这座寺庙历史悠久,可以追溯到初唐时期。
date back to和date from一般无进行无被动。
作后置定语时,常用动词-ing形式。
一句多译
中国饮茶文化源远流长,可以追溯到1,000多年前。
→Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history dating back to more than 1,000 years ago.(分词短语作定语)
→Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history which dates back to more than 1,000 years ago.
(定语从句)
dating back to
which dates back
to
variety /v ~ ra ~ti/ n.
(C,pl-ies)(植物、语言等的)变体;异体;
(U)多样化(SYN. diversity/da v s ti/)
【教材P62】Over the years, the system/ s st m/ developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically / d i ɡr f kli/, leading to导致 many varieties of dialects and characters (/ k ~r k~t /文字，符号，角色，品质，特点) .
在随后的年代里,这一体系发展成不同的形式,这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔,从而导致不同的方言和汉字变体的产生。
【佳句】One of the advantages is that we can find varieties of topics, such as science, culture and history.
其中优势之一是我们能够找到各种主题,如科学、文化和历史。
variety /v ~ ra ~ti/
n.(C,pl-ies)(植物、语言等的)变体;异体;
(U)多样化(SYN. diversity/da v s ti/)
(1)a variety of＝varieties of 种类繁多的;各种各样的
派生
(2)various / ve ri s/ adj. 不同的;各种各样的
(3)vary / ve ri/ vt.& vi. 改变;变化
for various reasons 由于种种原因
vary from ...to ... 从……到……不等;在……到……之间变动
(4) varied/ ve rid/adj. 各种各样的，多变的
He lives a full and varied life.
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The theme class meeting主题班会 focuses on专注于 traditional Chinese cultures中国传统文化, varying (vary) from paper-cutting to guzheng.
②Upon一...就 entering the farm, we were attracted by its cleanness and rich varieties (variety) of fruit.
varying
varieties
【写美】 完成句子
③ For varieties of/a variety of/various reasons , some teenagers often stay up late, which is bad for their health.
由于各种原因,一些青少年经常熬夜,这对他们的健康有害。
For varieties of/a variety of/various reasons
character / k ~r k~t (r)/n.（pl-s）文字;符号;角色（role）;（usually sing.）品质（quality）;特点;性格
in character符合性格；out of character不符合性格
in character with=in the same style as 与...风格相同
派生
characterize / k r kt ra z/ vt.描述，刻画，表现出...的特性
characterless / k r kt l s/ adj.无特征的;无趣的;平庸的
characteristic / k r kt r st k/ n.特色,特征
adj.典型的；特有的；独特的（OPP. uncharacteristic)
characteristically/ k r kt r st kli/ adv. 典型地；表示特性地
【佳句】 Now socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, the hard-working, brave Chinese people have shown more confidence, self-respect and self-improvement.
如今中国特色社会主义进入了新时代,勤劳勇敢的中国人民更加自信、自尊、自强。
三维P124
语境辨义
①As far as I know, Mr Brown loves to study Chinese characters. 文字
②Shakespeare made his characters live through their language in his plays. 角色
③Practising Chinese kung fu can not only build up one’s strength, but also shape one’s character. 品质
角色
品质
文字
character / k ~r k~t (r)/
n.（pl-s）文字;符号;角色（role）;
（usually sing.）品质（quality）;特点;性格
means /mi nz/ n.（pl，means）方式;方法;途径；
【教材P62】 Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s present is connected with its past.
a means of communication 一种通讯/交流工具/方式
by means of 借助……手段;依靠……方法
【佳句】①By no means will the athlete give up his dream of becoming a champion.
这位运动员决不会放弃成为冠军的梦想。
②For most people, the car is still their main means of transport.
汉字也成为连接中国现在与过去的一个重要媒介。
by all means 可以;当然行;没问题;一定,务必
by no means决不;无论如何也不(置于句首时,句子要部分倒装)
对大多数人来说,汽车仍然是他们的主要交通工具。
a man of means=a rich man
财富，钱财
单句语法填空
①All possible means have been tried (try) to get him to change his mind, but none has worked.
②As far as I know据我所知, she is by no means poor; as a matter of fact事实上,she’s quite rich.
have been tried
by
完成句子
③If there is another chance in future, I will try every possible means to learn from you .
如果将来还有机会,我将尝试每一种可能的方法向你学习。
④There is no doubt that WeChat is an important means of communication .
毫无疑问,微信是一种重要的交流工具。
try every possible means to learn from you
an important means of communication
regard /r ~ ɡɑ d/ n.尊重;关注;致意,问候 vt.把……视为;看待
【教材P62】 The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy (/k ~ l ~ɡr ~fi/书法，书法艺术), which has become an important part of Chinese culture.
中国人对其书写体系推崇备至,这体现在汉字发展为一种艺术形式——书法。书法已经成为中国文化的一个重要组成部分。
【佳句】①Give my best regards to your parents and I am looking forward to hearing from you.
代我向你父母致以最诚挚的问候,并且我期待着收到你的回信。
②I regard your suggestion as worth considering/worthy of consideration.
我觉得你的建议值得考虑。
give one’s regards to ... 代某人向……问候(pl)
regard ... as ... 认为……是……
regard /r ~ ɡɑ d/ n.尊重;关注;致意,问候 vt.把……视为;看待
(1)n.(U)关注；尊重（to/for）
in/with regard to sb./sth 关于(concerning)...
do sth. without regard to (做事)不考虑，不顾及
have/show... regard for; pay... regard to关心；尊敬
in this/that regard 在这方面
give one’s regards to ... 代某人向……问候(pl)
(2)vt.视为，认为，觉得
regard ... as ... 认为……是……
consider sb./sth. （as/to be)
consider that sb/sth...
尊重
把……视为
语境辨义
①She has no regard for other people’s feelings. 尊重
②Calligraphy is regarded as an important part of traditional Chinese art. 把……视为
③In regard to Chinese writing system, we thought it of great importance. 关于
关于
完成句子
④I’m quite delighted that you’re interested in pandas because we regard them as our national treasure.
我很高兴你对大熊猫感兴趣,因为我们把它们看作我们的国宝。
regard them as
have regard for 尊重
regard...as[主动]
be regarded as[被动]
in regard to
with regard to
worth & worthy &worthwhile
1.worth
adj.( used like a preposition介词,不作前置定语)
It’ s worth it/considering/our effort.
n.(U)价值，意义
a dollar's worth of change
be of great worth有伟大意义的
2.worthy
n.(worthies)大人物；知名人士
adj. 值得尊敬的，值得的，应得的
be worthy of值得...(OPP. unworthy)
a worthy player 值得尊敬的(SYN. deserving)
3.worthwhile adj.值得做的
appreciate / ~ pri ~ i~e t/ vt.欣赏;重视;感激;领会 vi.增值
【教材P62】As China plays a greater role in global / ɡl ~bl/
affairs / ~ fe (r)/ , an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this amazing language.
随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色,越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。
【佳句】I greatly appreciate being given such a great chance to serve the students.
(1)appreciate（vt.）＋n./pron./v.-ing 重视/感激……
I would appreciate it if ... 假如……我将不胜感激
派生：
(2)appreciation / ~ pri ~ i~ e ~ ( )n/ n. 欣赏;感激
express one’s appreciation/thanks to sb. for sth.向……表达感谢
(3) appreciative / pri t v/ (of)感激的；感谢的;欣赏的；赏识的
我非常感激给了我一个如此好的机会为学生服务。
单句语法填空
①Not only will this activity enrich our campus lives, but it will (also) provide us a wonderful chance to appreciate (appreciate) traditional Chinese culture. 【写作句式】
②I am writing to express my appreciation (appreciate) for all the efforts you have made to help me out【help sb. out帮助某人克服困难】.
完成句子
③ I would appreciate your helping me during my exchanged terms.
我很感激你在我交换期间给我的帮助。
to appreciate
appreciation
I would appreciate your helping
in appreciation赞赏地
do sth. in appreciation of/for sth.感激，感谢
major / me ~d (r)/
adj.主要的;重要的;大的（OPP. minor）
n.主修课程;主修学生；少校 vi. 主修(in...专业);专门研究(on课题/内容)
(2)majority /m ~ d ~r ~ti/ n.大多数;大半
a/the majority of ... 大多数……
(3)minority/ma n r ti/ n.少数(C,pl-ies)少数民族
a minority of ... 少数……
单句语法填空/完成句子
①When it comes to当提到 education, the majority (major) of
people believe that education is of great importance.
②I major in English , so I have no difficulty in做...没有困难 communicating with foreigners.
我主修英语,因此,对我来说与外国人交流没有困难。
majority
major in English
system/ s s~t m/
n. [C，pl-s]体系；制度；系统
派生
systematic / s st m t k/ adj.系统的；体系的；有系统的
systematically / s st m t kli/ adv.有系统地；有组织地
systematize / s st m ta z/ v. 使系统化；使成体系；使条理化（SYN.organize）
【教材P62】THE CHINESES WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
汉语的书写系统:连接过去和现在
factor/ f k~t (r)/
n. [C，pl-s]因素，要素
v.把...作为因素计入（in/into）;排除（out）
同根词
factory / f ktri/ n.（pl-ies）工厂
【教材P62】There are many reasons why this have been possible, but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.
这是可能的。原因有很多，但主要因素之一是中国的文字系统。
symbol/ s mb( )l/
n. [C，pl-s]符号，象征；代表性的人（物）
派生
symbolic /s m b l k/象征的；(使用)符号的
symbolically /s m b l kli/象征性地；象征意义地
symbolize/ s mb la z/采用象征；使用符号--symbolization
symbolism/ s mb l z m/象征主义--symbolist象征主义者
symbology/s m b l d i/符号学，象征学
【教材P62】It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu—animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.
carve/kɑ v/vt.&vi. 雕刻
The statue was carved out of a single piece of stone.
carve out of 从……切出（引伸为修建）
The wood had been carved into the shape of a flower.
carve sth. into雕刻成
She has carved a place for herself in the fashion world.
He succeeded in carving out a career in the media.
carve sth out(for oneself) 创业；开拓；雕刻
People should remember that our proposals aren't carved in stone.
carved in stone：
( of a decision, plan, etc. 决定、计划等 ) unable to be changed
The dark days when imperialism/ m p ri l z m/帝国主义 could carve up the world at will随意地 are gone forever.
carve sth. up 瓜分；划分（SYN. divide up）
dynasty/ d ~n s~ti/
n. （pl-ies）王朝，朝代
【教材P62】By到...之前 the Shang Dynasty (around 1600-1046 BCE), these symbols had become a well-developed writing system.
到商朝(约公元前1600-1046年)，这些符号已经成为一种发达的书写系统。
派生
dynastic /d n st k/王朝的；朝代的
dynast / da n st/元首；统治者；王朝的君主（governor，ruler）
dialect/ da ~lekt/n.(pl-s) 地方话，方言
【教材P62】Over在...期间 the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically在地理上, leading to导致 many varieties of多种 dialects and characters.
派生
dialectal / da lekt l/方言的
dialectic / da lekt k/ n. 辩证法；adj.辩证的
dialectical / da lekt k l/ adj.辩证的
classic / kl s k/
adj. 传统的；最优秀的；典型的
n.(pl-s)经典作品；名著
【教材P62】People in modern times can read the classic works which were written by Chinese in ancient times.
现代中国人可以阅读古代中国人撰写的经典作品。
classic指经典的、优秀的、一流的
classical用于西方古典的、传统的音乐及其他事物
calligraphy/k ~ l ~ɡr ~fi/
n. 书法；书法艺术（SYN. writing， penmanship）
派生
calligraphic/ k ~l ~ ɡr ~f k/书法的；缮写的
calligrapher/k ~ l ~ɡr ~f (r)/书法家
（calligraphist /k ~ l ~ɡr ~f st/）
global affair/ ~ fe (r)/ n. 全球事务
派生
globe/ɡl b/ n.地球；世界；地球仪
globalize/ ɡl b la z/ v.使全球化
globalization/ ɡl b la ze ( )n/ n.全球化
global/ ɡl b( )l/
adj. 全球的，全世界的；全面的，整体的（adv.-ly）
specific/sp s f k/
adj. 特定的(particular);特有的(peculiar)
明确的，具体的(precise);
【教材P63】Scanning is looking at the text quickly to find specific information, such as dates or numbers.
扫描是快速浏览文本以找到特定信息，如日期或数字。
be specific to 特有于
派生
specifically(adv.) 特别地；明确地
句型公式:It was a time when ...这/那是一个……的时期
【教材原句】 Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
在随后的年代里,这一体系发展成不同的形式,这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔,从而导致不同的方言和汉字变体的产生。
There was a time when ... 曾有一段时间……
There was a time when each teacher spent an hour,one day a week,testing students in every subject.
曾有一段时间,每个老师每周都花一小时来测验学生的各门功课。
① There was a time when I didn’t get along well with
与某人相处融洽 my classmates.
曾有一段时间我和同学们相处得不好。
②It was a time when I lost confidence in myself completely .
那是一段我对自己完全失去信心的时期。
There was a time when
when I lost confidence in myself completely
完成句子
lose confidence in 对...失去信心
【教材原句】That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.
这个书写体系对于中国人民与中国文化的统一具有非凡的意义。
be of＋抽象名词＝be＋该名词的同根形容词
be of (great)＝be (very)
同义替换
①A map will be very useful while you are travelling.
→A map will be of great use while you are travelling.
②His positive attitude to life is of great importance for his survival.
→His positive attitude to life is very important for his survival.
③Cycling is highly beneficial to our health and the environment.
→Cycling is of great benefit to our health and the environment.
be of great use
is very important
is of great benefit
句型公式:no matter where,who,what,etc.引导让步状语从句
【教材原句】 Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing.
即使在今天,不论住在哪里,也不论说何种方言,中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。
“no matter＋疑问词(what,who,where,when等)”引导让步状语从句,可放在主句前或主句后,相当于“疑问词＋-ever(whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever等)”。
【品悟】 No matter how difficult it is, I’m going to finish the work ahead of time.
不管有多难，我都要提前完成工作。
句型转换
①No matter where I go in the future, I will always keep in touch with 与某人保持沟通或保持联系you.
→ Wherever I go in the future ,I will always keep in touch with you.
②Whatever difficulties I come across遇见,by no means决不 will I give up.
→ No matter what difficulties I come across,by no means will I give up.
Wherever I go in the future
No matter what difficulties
Reading and Thinking
dialect-dialectal(adj.) means（by...of）
classic&classical (in/with)regard (to/for)
character-characterize(vt.)-characteristic(adj./n.)-characterless
calligraphy-calligrapher/calligraphic
global affair-globalize-globalization
appreciate-appreciation
specific: precise; peculiar; particular
CE (Common Era)
Reading and Thinking
system-systematic(adj.)-systematically(adv.)
factor / f k~t (r)/
base/basis/foundation based (on) /basic
date back (to ...) /date from
no matter where, who, what, etc.
bone /b n/ shell/ el/
symbol-symbolic(adj.)-symbolize(vt.)-symbolism(n.)-symbology(n.)
carve (out/up/into)-carved(adj.)
dynasty-dynast-dynastic variety-various-varied
major(OPP.minor)-majority(minority)
P64-P65
struggle / str ~ɡ( )l/ tongue /t /
point of view
semester/s ~ mes~t (r)/
petrol / pe~tr l/(BrE)[gasoline,gas(NAmE)]
subway / s b~we /(NAmE)[underground(BrE)]
apartment / ~ pɑ t~m nt/(NAmE)[flat(BrE)]
pants/p nts/ (NAmE)[trousers(BrE)]
beg/beɡ/
struggle / str ~ɡ( )l/ n.& vi. 斗争;奋斗;搏斗
【教材P64】When I started studying German, it was a struggle.
当我开始学习德语时,那是一件困难的事。
struggle to do sth 努力(SYN. effort)做某事
struggle for ... 努力争取……;为……而斗争
struggle against/with ... 与……作斗争
struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
struggle along/on: to continue despite problems
在困难中坚持；勉力维持
①From now on从现在开始, I hope every one of us will struggle to make (make) our dream come true（梦想）成真.
②We have to struggle against/with all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad国内外，海内外.
完成句子
③Though he was badly injured, he struggled to his feet and went on running.
虽然他伤得很重,但他挣扎着站了起来继续往前跑。
to make
against/with
单句语法填空
struggled to his feet
point/p nt/ of view /vju / 观点;看法
【教材P64】I had finally come to a place where I could think in this foreign language, and I could see the world from a different point of view.
我终于达到了一个可以用这门外语思考的境地,并且我可以从一个不同的角度看世界。
①From my point of view, you can have a better understanding of the Spring Festival through the activities.
②From an economic point of view,the new project will benefit the town greatly.
point/p nt/ of view /vju / 观点;看法
(1) 在某人看来
(2)have a good view of 好好欣赏
come into view 进入视野
【词汇辨析】
view what you can see from a particular place or position, especially beautiful natural scenery
sight a thing that you see or can see, especially sth that is impressive or unusual
scene a view that you see, especially one with people and/or animals moving about and doing things
scenery 1.the natural features of an area, such as mountains, valleys, rivers and forests；
2.the painted background that is used to represent natural features or buildings on a theatre stage
单句语法填空
①Everyone at the meeting had different views on/about the subject.
一句多译
②在我看来,你应该向老师求助。
→ In my opinion/view , you should turn to your teacher for help.
→ As far as I’m concerned , you should turn to your teacher for help.
→ From my point of view , you should turn to your teacher for help.
→ The way I see it , you should turn to your teacher for help.
In my opinion/view
As far as I’m concerned
From my point of view
The way I see it
on/about
【教材原句】 And I remember that day when/on which I suddenly felt like German was no longer a foreign language.
no longer=not any longer 不再
no more＝not any more 不再
①Sarah no longer lives here.
＝Sarah does not live here any longer
②I will ask no more questions.
＝I will not ask any more questions.
我还记得那天,我突然觉得德语不再是一门外语。
一句多译
①我父亲已经戒烟了。也就是说,他不再抽烟了。
My father has quitted smoking.
That is to say,he no longer smokes .
→My father has quitted smoking.
That is to say,he doesn’t smoke any longer .
②没有面包了,他们都吃光了。
There’s no more bread . They’ve eaten it all.
There isn’t any more bread . They’ve eaten it all.
no longer smokes
doesn’t smoke any longer
There’s no more bread
There isn’t any more bread
reach the goal (of doing ) 实现目标
【教材P64】I felt as if I had reached the goal which/that I had been fighting for.
我觉得我好像实现了我一直为之奋斗的目标。
set a goal 确立目标
achieve/reach/attain a goal 实现目标
score/kick a goal 踢进一球;得一分
【联想】 goal的同义词有aim, purpose, target等。
完成句子
①I haven’t yet achieved/reached/attained my goal of losing 20 pounds so far.
到目前为止,我还没有实现减掉20磅的目标。
②While it is important to set yourself a goal, what really matters is to achieve/reach/attain your goal through hard work.
虽然给自己确立一个目标很重要,但真正重要的是通过实干去实现自己的目标。
haven’t yet achieved/reached/attained my goal
what really matters
句型公式:the＋比较级 ...,the＋比较级 ... 越……,就越……
【教材P64】It was exercise for the brain; the more I learnt of听到；得知；获悉 a language, the more my brain would grow.
这是对大脑的锻炼;我对一门语言学得越多,我的智力就增长得越快
。
(1)the more ..., the less ...越……,就越不……
(2)此结构中,第一个“the＋比较级...”是表示条件的状语从句,
在表示将来意义的情况下,从句用一般现在时表示将来【主将从现】
【品悟】The more you know about our traditional culture, the more you are interested in it.
你对我们的传统文化了解得越多,你就对它越感兴趣。
①At the same time, the more I know about my country , the deeper love I have for her.
与此同时,我对我的祖国了解得越多,我对她的爱就越深。
②The more friends they have, the more colourful their lives will be.
他们拥有的朋友越多,他们的生活就越丰富多彩。
the more I know about my country
the more colourful
【写美】 完成句子
semester/s ~ mes~t (r)/
n. （pl-s）学期；半学年（尤用于美国，一学年分两个学期）
the spring/fall semester 春季╱秋季学期
term/t m/=trimester/tra mest (r)/
n. （pl-s）学期（尤用于英国，学校一年分三个学期）
the spring/summer/autumn/fall term
春季╱夏季╱秋季学期
petrol/ pe~tr l/
n. （BrE）汽油
gas/ɡ s/=gasoline/ ɡ ~s ~li n/
n. （NAmE）汽油
to fill a car up with petrol
to run out of petrol
the petrol tank of a car
an increase in petrol prices
给汽车油箱装满汽油
用光汽油
汽车的油箱
汽油价格的上涨
subway/ s b~we /
n. （NAmE）地铁；
（BrE）地下通道（NAmE. underpass）
underground/ n~d ~ ɡra nd/
n. （NAmE）地铁
subway station
by subway
take the subway
apartment / ~ pɑ t~m nt/
n. （NAmE）公寓套房
flat/fl t/
n. （BrE）公寓套房
pants/p nts/
n. （BrE）内裤；短裤
（NAmE）裤子
trousers/ tra z (r)z/ （BrE）
beg/beɡ/
vt.(-gg-)恳求；祈求；哀求
beg sb for sth
beg sth of/from sb.
Reading for Writing
equal / i ~kw l/
gap/ɡ p/
demand/d ~ mɑ nd/
vocabulary/v ~ k ~bj ~l ri/
description/d ~ skr p~ n/
relate/r ~ le t/
relate to
have trouble/ tr ~b( )l/ with sth 在某方面有麻烦;做某事有困难
【教材P66】I used to get high marks in English, but now I’m having a lot of trouble with my listening.
我以前英语成绩挺好的,但是现在我的听力有很大的麻烦。
have difficulty with sth 做某事有困难
have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有麻烦/困难
【佳句】①Jack was having much trouble with English grammar, but
he never lost heart丧失信心.
②As the saying goes,“Every family has its own troubles/problems/
worries.”
杰克在英语语法上有困难, 但他从不灰心。
俗话说:“家家有本难念的经。”
trouble n.（U）困难，难题
in trouble 处于不幸中；处困难中
get into trouble 使自己或他人陷入困扰之境
单句语法填空
①If you have some trouble (in) getting (get) along with your friends, you can turn to this book for help.
②You can’t imagine what trouble I had solving (solve) the problem.
完成句子
③ Whenever we have trouble with o ur studies , our teachers always help us patiently.
无论何时我们在学习上遇到困难,老师总是耐心地帮助我们。
getting
solving
Whenever we have trouble with our studies
equal / i ~kw l/
n.(pl-s)同等的人;相等物 adj.相同的;同样的 vt.比得上;敌得过
【教材P66】 ... our relationship is close and we’re equals, so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us. ……
我们关系密切,彼此平等,因此我只需要说几个字,就能消除我们之间的距离。
(1)be equal(adj.) to (doing) sth 胜任(做)某事
equal(vt.) sb/sth in (doing) sth 在(做)某事上比得过某人/物
without equal(n.)＝have no equal 无与伦比
(2)equality/i~ kw ~l ~ti/ n.(U)平等;相等[OPP. inequality]
equally / i ~kw ~li/ adv. 平等地;同样地
单句语法填空
① Equally important is that we should pay attention to 专注于 equality between men and women.(equal)
完成句子
②I think I am equal to the job because I can communicate with foreigners in English. (申请信)
我认为我能胜任这个工作,因为我能用英语与外国人交流。
Equally
equality
am equal to
demand/d ~ mɑ nd/ n.要求;需求 vt.强烈要求;需要 vi.查问
【教材P66】 I must make it a question, not a demand.
我得把它变成一个疑问句,而不是一个要求。
(1)be in (great) demand (迫切)需求（need）
meet/satisfy one’s demands 满足某人的需求（pl-s）
(2)demand to do sth 要求做某事
demand that ...(should) do sth 要求……(应该)做某事【虚拟】
派生：(3)demanding /d mɑ nd / adj.苛求的;难满足的
【佳句】With the development of society, more excellent teachers will be in great demand in the future.
随着社会的发展,未来将迫切需要更多优秀的老师。
【词汇辨析】require expect insist ask
ask期望，要求
demand， expect：强烈要求，坚决要求
insist坚决要求，坚持
require：（尤指根据法规或规定）要求做
【Ask is not as strong as demand or expect , both of which can be more like a command.
ask不如demand和expect语气强烈，demand和expect更像命令】
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The government official demanded to be told (tell) everything about the damage the flood had caused.
＝The government official demanded that he(should) be told (tell) everything about the damage the flood had caused.
【写美】 完成句子
②I’m good at both written and spoken English, so I believe I will meet/satisfy your demands .
我擅长英语写作和口语,因此我相信我会满足您的要求。
to be told
(should) be told
meet/satisfy your demands
relate/r ~ le t/ vt.联系;讲述
【教材P67】Does each sentence relate to the main idea
每个句子都与主旨有关吗
派生：
(2)related /r ~ le ~t d/ adj. 有关的
(3)relation /r ~ le ~ ( )n/ n. 关系;联系
(1)relate to 与……相关;涉及;谈到
be related to 与……有关
【佳句】The teacher was trying to help the students understand the words and relate them to each other.
老师正试图帮助学生理解这些单词,并将它们彼此联系起来。
①What he stressed强调was related to teenagers’ education.
②I’m writing to ask you to write an article in relation (relate) to western life and culture.
【写美】 完成句子
③It is said that the short English film is mainly related to the development of our school.
据说这部英文短片主要与我们学校的发展有关。
to
relation
【练透】 单句语法填空
is mainly related to
relate to
be related to
in relation to
P64-P65
struggle / str ~ɡ( )l/ for sth./with sb.
tongue /t / (from one’ s )point of view
semester/s ~ mes~t (r)/=term
petrol / pe~tr l/(BrE)[gasoline,gas(NAmE)]
subway / s b~we /(NAmE)[underground(BrE)]
apartment / ~ pɑ t~m nt/(NAmE)[flat(BrE)]
pants/p nts/ (NAmE)[trousers(BrE)]
beg/beɡ/-beggar
beg sth. from sb./beg sb. for sth.
Reading for Writing
have trouble/difficulty (with sth)/(in doing sth)
equal / i ~kw l/-euqally(adv.)-equality(n.)-inequal
equal(to胜任于/in在...比得上)
generation gap/ɡ p/
(in)demand/d ~ mɑ nd/-demanding
demand【that虚拟语气】
vocabulary/v ~ k ~bj ~l ri/(pl-ies)
description/d ~ skr p~ n/-describe(vt.)
relate (to)=be related(adj)to=in relation(n.) to
Unit 5
LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD
Words and expressions
listening and speaking
billion / b ~lj n/
native / ne ~t v/
attitude / ~t ~tju d/
refer /r ~ f (r)/
refer to
reference/ re~fr ns/
Korean/k ~ ri ~ n/
Danish/ de ~n /
Denmark/ den~mɑ k/
Arabic/ ~r ~b k/
FIFA/ fi ~f /
native adj.出生地的;本地的;土著的 n.[C,pl-s]本地人(SYN. local)
【教材P60】Listen to a speech and tick(vt.打钩，做记号) the two languages with the most native speakers.
听一篇演讲,给两种有最多人以之为母语的语言打钩号。
(1)a native(n.) of生于……的人,原产于(SYN.indegenous)……的
be native(adj.) to 原产于/原籍是……
(2)native land 故乡,祖国
native language/tongue 母语
native speaker 生来就说某种语言的人；母语者
【佳句】The graduate speaks English very well as if English were his native language.
这个毕业生英语说得很好,好像英语是他的母语一样。(虚拟语气)
（tongue /t / n. 舌头，语言，方言）
the native plants of America ; native species
The tiger is native to India.
土生的；当地的；原产的
单句语法填空
①It’s true that pandas are native to Sichuan Province.
②As a native of Beijing, I am so familiar with对...熟悉 the city that I can show you around it.【show sb. around 带某人参观】
完成句子
③When we are learning a foreign language we need to remember how we learned our native language .
当我们正在学习一门外语的时候,需要记住我们是如何学会我们母语的。
to
of
learned our native language
go native： （of a person staying in another country ) to try to live and behave like the local people
attitude / ~t ~tju d/ n.（C, pl-s） 态度;看法
【教材P60】What is the attitude of the speaker towards foreign language learning
说话人对外语学习的态度是什么
take/have/adopt a/an ... attitude (towards/to ...)
(对……)持有……的态度
attitude of mind 心态;看法
【佳句】①It was your bad attitude towards/to your studies that made your parents sad.
②As soon as they found out I was a doctor their whole attitude changed.
正是你对学习的消极态度使你的父母伤心。
他们一发现我是医生,他们的态度就完全改变了。
派生：
attitudinal / t tju d nl/ adj. 态度的
完成句子
①From my point of view,despite ups and downs in our lives,we should take/have/adopt a positive attitude towards/to our lives .
在我看来,尽管我们的生活起起伏伏,我们还是应该对我们的生活持有积极的态度。
②People can change their lives by changing their attitudes of mind . 人们可以通过改变心态来改变自己的人生。
take/have/adopt a positive attitude towards/to our lives
changing their attitudes of mind
despite /d spa t/ prep. 尽管，即使
ups and downs浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
三维P124
despite /d ~ spa t/ prep. 尽管，即使（SYN. in spite of）
(1)despite为介词,后跟名词或名词性短语。
(2)despite the fact that后跟同位语从句。
(3)although/though为连词,引导让步状语从句。
一句多译
尽管学校生活充满了乐趣,我还是更喜欢住在租的房子里。
→ Despite the fact that the school life is full of fun , I prefer to live in the rented room.
→ Although the school life is full of fun , I prefer to live in the rented room.
Despite the fact that the school life is full of fun
Although the school life is full of fun
ups and downs (n.)浮沉;兴衰;荣辱
选词填空(ups and downs, up and down)
①He looked at me up and down and then asked me a few questions.
②We have to face the fact that life is full of ups and downs .
up and down
ups and downs
up-and-down (adj.)上下起伏的；来来往往的；变动的
up and down (adv.)上上下下;来来往往；不稳定地
in and out 时进时出(于某处)
here and there 到处
right and left 到处
refer/r ~ f (r)/ (-rr-) vi.提到;参考;查阅 vt.查询;叫……求助于
【教材P60】Pronouns (it,they,she,etc.) refer to something or somebody mentioned earlier.
代词(它、他们、她等)指代早先提到的事物或人。
(2)派生：reference / refr ns/
n.指称关系;参考;说到(或写到)的事;提到;谈及;涉及
reference books 参考书； in/with reference to 关于
(1)refer(vi.) to描述;涉及；与...相关；提到;查阅；参考
refer to ... as ... 把……称为/当作……
【佳句】①As far as I know, he is referred to as a living Lei Feng.
②Although she didn’t mention any names, everyone knew who she was
referring to.
据我所知,他被称为“活雷锋”。
虽然她没有提到任何名字,但每个人都知道她指的是谁。
语境辨义
①The official referred to the rescue workers several times at the meeting. 提到
②If you don’t know the exact meaning of the word, you may refer to the dictionary. 查阅
完成句子
③Xinhua Dictionary is referred to as one of the best reference books .
《新华字典》被称作最好的参考书之一。
提到
查阅
referred to as
reference books
refer(vi.) to描述(describe);涉及；与...相关(be connected to)；提到(mention);查阅(look up, consult)；参考
listening and speaking
billion-billionaire native/local(of/to) tongue
attitude(towards/to)-attitudinal
refer-reference refer to: describe, mention, look up/consult
refer to...as=consider as ups and downs
despite/in spite of & although/though Korean/k ~ ri ~ n/
Danish/ de ~n /
Denmark/ den~mɑ k/
Arabic/ ~r ~b k/
FIFA/ fi ~f /（ International Federation of Association Football）
Reading and Thinking
system / s s~t m/
despite /d ~spa t/
ups and downs
factor / f k~t (r)/
base /be s/
based /be st/
date back (to ...)
no matter where, who, what, etc.
bone /b n/
shell / el/
symbol / s m~bl/
carve /kɑ v/
dynasty/ d ~n s~ti/
variety /v ~ ra ~ti/
major / me ~d (r)/
Reading and Thinking
dialect / da ~lekt/
means /mi nz/
classic / kl ~s k/
regard /r ~ ɡɑ d/
character / k ~r k~t (r)/
calligraphy /k ~ l ~gr ~fi/
global / ɡl ~bl/
affair / ~ fe (r)/
appreciate / ~ pri ~ i~e t/
specific /sp ~ s ~f k/
CE (Common Era)
based /be st/ adj.以(某事)为基础的;以…为重要部分(或特征)的
【教材P62】At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based
language.
汉字在最初是一种基于图形的语言。
派生：
(1)base/be s/ n.底部;根据 vt.以……为据点;以……为基础
(3)basis / be s s/ n. 基础;基本原则
(2)basic / be s k/ adj. 基础的;基本的
(4)baseless / be sl s/ adj. 无根据的
base ... on/upon ... 把……建立在……的基础上
on the basis of 以……为基础
【佳句】 ①When it comes to choosing between arts and science, the basic（adj.） rule is to base(vt.) our choice on our own interest and strengths.
当谈到选择文科还是理科的时候,基本的原则是把我们的选择建立在我们的兴趣和强项的基础上。
②Just as its name implies(v.意味，暗指), personal income tax is usually based on one’s personal income.
顾名思义,个人所得税通常以个人收入为基础。
base sth. on把…建立在…的基础上[主动]
sth. be based on ...被建立在...的基础上，以...为基础[被动]
【词汇辨析】basis, foundation, base基础，根据
[usually sing.] a principle, an idea or a fact that supports sth and that it can develop from：
1.basis 2. base 3. foundation
He laid the foundation of Japan's modern economy. 他奠定了日本现代经济的基础。
These figures formed the basis of their pay claim. 这些数字是他们要求提高工资的根据。
His arguments have a sound economic base. 他的论点在经济上有充分的根据。
【与basis/base相比，foundation常用以指更大、更重要的事物】
【词汇辨析】basis, foundation, base
The lamp has a heavy base.
His arguments have a sound economic base.
These policies have a broad base of support.
a drink with a rum base
Put some moisturizer（/ m st ra z (r)/ 润肤霜）on as a base before applying your make-up.
The company has its base in New York, and branch offices all over the world.
a military/naval/air base
After the attack, they returned to base.
底座；根基；基底
（思想的）根据；出发点=basis
（支持、收入、力量等的）来源，
混合物的首要（或主要）成分
总部；据点
基地
①On the basis of your basic knowledge about the history of the Tang Dynasty, I think it easier for you to understand Tang poems. (base)
②I’m writing to get some basic (base) financial(/fa n n ( )l/
adj.财政的，金融的) advice from you. I don’t know how to manage money.
③ Based (base) on some historical facts,the novel won instant success.
一句多译
④这部电影取材于她母亲的真实故事,非常感人。
→The film which is based on a true story of her mother is very moving.
→ Based on a true story of her mother, the film is very moving.
basis
basic
basic
Based
单句语法填空
which is based on
Based on
date back (to ...) 追溯到
【教材P62】It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu — animal bones(/b n/) and shells(/ el/)on which symbols were carved/kɑ v/ by ancient Chinese people.
它可以追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期——古代中国人在这些骨头和壳上面刻画符号。
追溯到;始于
【佳句】The temple has a long history dating back to the early period of the Tang Dynasty.
这座寺庙历史悠久,可以追溯到初唐时期。
date back to和date from一般无进行无被动。
作后置定语时,常用动词-ing形式。
一句多译
中国饮茶文化源远流长,可以追溯到1,000多年前。
→Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history dating back to more than 1,000 years ago.(分词短语作定语)
→Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history which dates back to more than 1,000 years ago.
(定语从句)
dating back to
which dates back
to
variety /v ~ ra ~ti/ n.
(C,pl-ies)(植物、语言等的)变体;异体;
(U)多样化(SYN. diversity/da v s ti/)
【教材P62】Over the years, the system/ s st m/ developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically / d i ɡr f kli/, leading to导致 many varieties of dialects and characters (/ k ~r k~t /文字，符号，角色，品质，特点) .
在随后的年代里,这一体系发展成不同的形式,这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔,从而导致不同的方言和汉字变体的产生。
【佳句】One of the advantages is that we can find varieties of topics, such as science, culture and history.
其中优势之一是我们能够找到各种主题,如科学、文化和历史。
variety /v ~ ra ~ti/
n.(C,pl-ies)(植物、语言等的)变体;异体;
(U)多样化(SYN. diversity/da v s ti/)
(1)a variety of＝varieties of 种类繁多的;各种各样的
派生
(2)various / ve ri s/ adj. 不同的;各种各样的
(3)vary / ve ri/ vt.& vi. 改变;变化
for various reasons 由于种种原因
vary from ...to ... 从……到……不等;在……到……之间变动
(4) varied/ ve rid/adj. 各种各样的，多变的
He lives a full and varied life.
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The theme class meeting主题班会 focuses on专注于 traditional Chinese cultures中国传统文化, varying (vary) from paper-cutting to guzheng.
②Upon一...就 entering the farm, we were attracted by its cleanness and rich varieties (variety) of fruit.
varying
varieties
【写美】 完成句子
③ For varieties of/a variety of/various reasons , some teenagers often stay up late, which is bad for their health.
由于各种原因,一些青少年经常熬夜,这对他们的健康有害。
For varieties of/a variety of/various reasons
character / k ~r k~t (r)/n.（pl-s）文字;符号;角色（role）;（usually sing.）品质（quality）;特点;性格
in character符合性格；out of character不符合性格
in character with=in the same style as 与...风格相同
派生
characterize / k r kt ra z/ vt.描述，刻画，表现出...的特性
characterless / k r kt l s/ adj.无特征的;无趣的;平庸的
characteristic / k r kt r st k/ n.特色,特征
adj.典型的；特有的；独特的（OPP. uncharacteristic)
characteristically/ k r kt r st kli/ adv. 典型地；表示特性地
【佳句】 Now socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, the hard-working, brave Chinese people have shown more confidence, self-respect and self-improvement.
如今中国特色社会主义进入了新时代,勤劳勇敢的中国人民更加自信、自尊、自强。
三维P124
语境辨义
①As far as I know, Mr Brown loves to study Chinese characters. 文字
②Shakespeare made his characters live through their language in his plays. 角色
③Practising Chinese kung fu can not only build up one’s strength, but also shape one’s character. 品质
角色
品质
文字
character / k ~r k~t (r)/
n.（pl-s）文字;符号;角色（role）;
（usually sing.）品质（quality）;特点;性格
means /mi nz/ n.（pl，means）方式;方法;途径；
【教材P62】 Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s present is connected with its past.
a means of communication 一种通讯/交流工具/方式
by means of 借助……手段;依靠……方法
【佳句】①By no means will the athlete give up his dream of becoming a champion.
这位运动员决不会放弃成为冠军的梦想。
②For most people, the car is still their main means of transport.
汉字也成为连接中国现在与过去的一个重要媒介。
by all means 可以;当然行;没问题;一定,务必
by no means决不;无论如何也不(置于句首时,句子要部分倒装)
对大多数人来说,汽车仍然是他们的主要交通工具。
a man of means=a rich man
财富，钱财
单句语法填空
①All possible means have been tried (try) to get him to change his mind, but none has worked.
②As far as I know据我所知, she is by no means poor; as a matter of fact事实上,she’s quite rich.
have been tried
by
完成句子
③If there is another chance in future, I will try every possible means to learn from you .
如果将来还有机会,我将尝试每一种可能的方法向你学习。
④There is no doubt that WeChat is an important means of communication .
毫无疑问,微信是一种重要的交流工具。
try every possible means to learn from you
an important means of communication
regard /r ~ ɡɑ d/ n.尊重;关注;致意,问候 vt.把……视为;看待
【教材P62】 The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy (/k ~ l ~ɡr ~fi/书法，书法艺术), which has become an important part of Chinese culture.
中国人对其书写体系推崇备至,这体现在汉字发展为一种艺术形式——书法。书法已经成为中国文化的一个重要组成部分。
【佳句】①Give my best regards to your parents and I am looking forward to hearing from you.
代我向你父母致以最诚挚的问候,并且我期待着收到你的回信。
②I regard your suggestion as worth considering/worthy of consideration.
我觉得你的建议值得考虑。
give one’s regards to ... 代某人向……问候(pl)
regard ... as ... 认为……是……
regard /r ~ ɡɑ d/ n.尊重;关注;致意,问候 vt.把……视为;看待
(1)n.(U)关注；尊重（to/for）
in/with regard to sb./sth 关于(concerning)...
do sth. without regard to (做事)不考虑，不顾及
have/show... regard for; pay... regard to关心；尊敬
in this/that regard 在这方面
give one’s regards to ... 代某人向……问候(pl)
(2)vt.视为，认为，觉得
regard ... as ... 认为……是……
consider sb./sth. （as/to be)
consider that sb/sth...
尊重
把……视为
语境辨义
①She has no regard for other people’s feelings. 尊重
②Calligraphy is regarded as an important part of traditional Chinese art. 把……视为
③In regard to Chinese writing system, we thought it of great importance. 关于
关于
完成句子
④I’m quite delighted that you’re interested in pandas because we regard them as our national treasure.
我很高兴你对大熊猫感兴趣,因为我们把它们看作我们的国宝。
regard them as
have regard for 尊重
regard...as[主动]
be regarded as[被动]
in regard to
with regard to
worth & worthy &worthwhile
1.worth
adj.( used like a preposition介词,不作前置定语)
It’ s worth it/considering/our effort.
n.(U)价值，意义
a dollar's worth of change
be of great worth有伟大意义的
2.worthy
n.(worthies)大人物；知名人士
adj. 值得尊敬的，值得的，应得的
be worthy of值得...(OPP. unworthy)
a worthy player 值得尊敬的(SYN. deserving)
3.worthwhile adj.值得做的
appreciate / ~ pri ~ i~e t/ vt.欣赏;重视;感激;领会 vi.增值
【教材P62】As China plays a greater role in global / ɡl ~bl/
affairs / ~ fe (r)/ , an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this amazing language.
随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色,越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。
【佳句】I greatly appreciate being given such a great chance to serve the students.
(1)appreciate（vt.）＋n./pron./v.-ing 重视/感激……
I would appreciate it if ... 假如……我将不胜感激
派生：
(2)appreciation / ~ pri ~ i~ e ~ ( )n/ n. 欣赏;感激
express one’s appreciation/thanks to sb. for sth.向……表达感谢
(3) appreciative / pri t v/ (of)感激的；感谢的;欣赏的；赏识的
我非常感激给了我一个如此好的机会为学生服务。
单句语法填空
①Not only will this activity enrich our campus lives, but it will (also) provide us a wonderful chance to appreciate (appreciate) traditional Chinese culture. 【写作句式】
②I am writing to express my appreciation (appreciate) for all the efforts you have made to help me out【help sb. out帮助某人克服困难】.
完成句子
③ I would appreciate your helping me during my exchanged terms.
我很感激你在我交换期间给我的帮助。
to appreciate
appreciation
I would appreciate your helping
in appreciation赞赏地
do sth. in appreciation of/for sth.感激，感谢
major / me ~d (r)/
adj.主要的;重要的;大的（OPP. minor）
n.主修课程;主修学生；少校 vi. 主修(in...专业);专门研究(on课题/内容)
(2)majority /m ~ d ~r ~ti/ n.大多数;大半
a/the majority of ... 大多数……
(3)minority/ma n r ti/ n.少数(C,pl-ies)少数民族
a minority of ... 少数……
单句语法填空/完成句子
①When it comes to当提到 education, the majority (major) of
people believe that education is of great importance.
②I major in English , so I have no difficulty in做...没有困难 communicating with foreigners.
我主修英语,因此,对我来说与外国人交流没有困难。
majority
major in English
system/ s s~t m/
n. [C，pl-s]体系；制度；系统
派生
systematic / s st m t k/ adj.系统的；体系的；有系统的
systematically / s st m t kli/ adv.有系统地；有组织地
systematize / s st m ta z/ v. 使系统化；使成体系；使条理化（SYN.organize）
【教材P62】THE CHINESES WRITING SYSTEM: CONNECTING THE PAST AND THE PRESENT
汉语的书写系统:连接过去和现在
factor/ f k~t (r)/
n. [C，pl-s]因素，要素
v.把...作为因素计入（in/into）;排除（out）
同根词
factory / f ktri/ n.（pl-ies）工厂
【教材P62】There are many reasons why this have been possible, but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.
这是可能的。原因有很多，但主要因素之一是中国的文字系统。
symbol/ s mb( )l/
n. [C，pl-s]符号，象征；代表性的人（物）
派生
symbolic /s m b l k/象征的；(使用)符号的
symbolically /s m b l kli/象征性地；象征意义地
symbolize/ s mb la z/采用象征；使用符号--symbolization
symbolism/ s mb l z m/象征主义--symbolist象征主义者
symbology/s m b l d i/符号学，象征学
【教材P62】It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu—animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.
carve/kɑ v/vt.&vi. 雕刻
The statue was carved out of a single piece of stone.
carve out of 从……切出（引伸为修建）
The wood had been carved into the shape of a flower.
carve sth. into雕刻成
She has carved a place for herself in the fashion world.
He succeeded in carving out a career in the media.
carve sth out(for oneself) 创业；开拓；雕刻
People should remember that our proposals aren't carved in stone.
carved in stone：
( of a decision, plan, etc. 决定、计划等 ) unable to be changed
The dark days when imperialism/ m p ri l z m/帝国主义 could carve up the world at will随意地 are gone forever.
carve sth. up 瓜分；划分（SYN. divide up）
dynasty/ d ~n s~ti/
n. （pl-ies）王朝，朝代
【教材P62】By到...之前 the Shang Dynasty (around 1600-1046 BCE), these symbols had become a well-developed writing system.
到商朝(约公元前1600-1046年)，这些符号已经成为一种发达的书写系统。
派生
dynastic /d n st k/王朝的；朝代的
dynast / da n st/元首；统治者；王朝的君主（governor，ruler）
dialect/ da ~lekt/n.(pl-s) 地方话，方言
【教材P62】Over在...期间 the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically在地理上, leading to导致 many varieties of多种 dialects and characters.
派生
dialectal / da lekt l/方言的
dialectic / da lekt k/ n. 辩证法；adj.辩证的
dialectical / da lekt k l/ adj.辩证的
classic / kl s k/
adj. 传统的；最优秀的；典型的
n.(pl-s)经典作品；名著
【教材P62】People in modern times can read the classic works which were written by Chinese in ancient times.
现代中国人可以阅读古代中国人撰写的经典作品。
classic指经典的、优秀的、一流的
classical用于西方古典的、传统的音乐及其他事物
calligraphy/k ~ l ~ɡr ~fi/
n. 书法；书法艺术（SYN. writing， penmanship）
派生
calligraphic/ k ~l ~ ɡr ~f k/书法的；缮写的
calligrapher/k ~ l ~ɡr ~f (r)/书法家
（calligraphist /k ~ l ~ɡr ~f st/）
global affair/ ~ fe (r)/ n. 全球事务
派生
globe/ɡl b/ n.地球；世界；地球仪
globalize/ ɡl b la z/ v.使全球化
globalization/ ɡl b la ze ( )n/ n.全球化
global/ ɡl b( )l/
adj. 全球的，全世界的；全面的，整体的（adv.-ly）
specific/sp s f k/
adj. 特定的(particular);特有的(peculiar)
明确的，具体的(precise);
【教材P63】Scanning is looking at the text quickly to find specific information, such as dates or numbers.
扫描是快速浏览文本以找到特定信息，如日期或数字。
be specific to 特有于
派生
specifically(adv.) 特别地；明确地
句型公式:It was a time when ...这/那是一个……的时期
【教材原句】 Over the years, the system developed into different forms, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
在随后的年代里,这一体系发展成不同的形式,这是由于当时中国人居住地域的分隔,从而导致不同的方言和汉字变体的产生。
There was a time when ... 曾有一段时间……
There was a time when each teacher spent an hour,one day a week,testing students in every subject.
曾有一段时间,每个老师每周都花一小时来测验学生的各门功课。
① There was a time when I didn’t get along well with
与某人相处融洽 my classmates.
曾有一段时间我和同学们相处得不好。
②It was a time when I lost confidence in myself completely .
那是一段我对自己完全失去信心的时期。
There was a time when
when I lost confidence in myself completely
完成句子
lose confidence in 对...失去信心
【教材原句】That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.
这个书写体系对于中国人民与中国文化的统一具有非凡的意义。
be of＋抽象名词＝be＋该名词的同根形容词
be of (great)＝be (very)
同义替换
①A map will be very useful while you are travelling.
→A map will be of great use while you are travelling.
②His positive attitude to life is of great importance for his survival.
→His positive attitude to life is very important for his survival.
③Cycling is highly beneficial to our health and the environment.
→Cycling is of great benefit to our health and the environment.
be of great use
is very important
is of great benefit
句型公式:no matter where,who,what,etc.引导让步状语从句
【教材原句】 Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing.
即使在今天,不论住在哪里,也不论说何种方言,中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。
“no matter＋疑问词(what,who,where,when等)”引导让步状语从句,可放在主句前或主句后,相当于“疑问词＋-ever(whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever等)”。
【品悟】 No matter how difficult it is, I’m going to finish the work ahead of time.
不管有多难，我都要提前完成工作。
句型转换
①No matter where I go in the future, I will always keep in touch with 与某人保持沟通或保持联系you.
→ Wherever I go in the future ,I will always keep in touch with you.
②Whatever difficulties I come across遇见,by no means决不 will I give up.
→ No matter what difficulties I come across,by no means will I give up.
Wherever I go in the future
No matter what difficulties
Reading and Thinking
dialect-dialectal(adj.) means（by...of）
classic&classical (in/with)regard (to/for)
character-characterize(vt.)-characteristic(adj./n.)-characterless
calligraphy-calligrapher/calligraphic
global affair-globalize-globalization
appreciate-appreciation
specific: precise; peculiar; particular
CE (Common Era)
Reading and Thinking
system-systematic(adj.)-systematically(adv.)
factor / f k~t (r)/
base/basis/foundation based (on) /basic
date back (to ...) /date from
no matter where, who, what, etc.
bone /b n/ shell/ el/
symbol-symbolic(adj.)-symbolize(vt.)-symbolism(n.)-symbology(n.)
carve (out/up/into)-carved(adj.)
dynasty-dynast-dynastic variety-various-varied
major(OPP.minor)-majority(minority)
P64-P65
struggle / str ~ɡ( )l/ tongue /t /
point of view
semester/s ~ mes~t (r)/
petrol / pe~tr l/(BrE)[gasoline,gas(NAmE)]
subway / s b~we /(NAmE)[underground(BrE)]
apartment / ~ pɑ t~m nt/(NAmE)[flat(BrE)]
pants/p nts/ (NAmE)[trousers(BrE)]
beg/beɡ/
struggle / str ~ɡ( )l/ n.& vi. 斗争;奋斗;搏斗
【教材P64】When I started studying German, it was a struggle.
当我开始学习德语时,那是一件困难的事。
struggle to do sth 努力(SYN. effort)做某事
struggle for ... 努力争取……;为……而斗争
struggle against/with ... 与……作斗争
struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
struggle along/on: to continue despite problems
在困难中坚持；勉力维持
①From now on从现在开始, I hope every one of us will struggle to make (make) our dream come true（梦想）成真.
②We have to struggle against/with all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad国内外，海内外.
完成句子
③Though he was badly injured, he struggled to his feet and went on running.
虽然他伤得很重,但他挣扎着站了起来继续往前跑。
to make
against/with
单句语法填空
struggled to his feet
point/p nt/ of view /vju / 观点;看法
【教材P64】I had finally come to a place where I could think in this foreign language, and I could see the world from a different point of view.
我终于达到了一个可以用这门外语思考的境地,并且我可以从一个不同的角度看世界。
①From my point of view, you can have a better understanding of the Spring Festival through the activities.
②From an economic point of view,the new project will benefit the town greatly.
point/p nt/ of view /vju / 观点;看法
(1) 在某人看来
(2)have a good view of 好好欣赏
come into view 进入视野
【词汇辨析】
view what you can see from a particular place or position, especially beautiful natural scenery
sight a thing that you see or can see, especially sth that is impressive or unusual
scene a view that you see, especially one with people and/or animals moving about and doing things
scenery 1.the natural features of an area, such as mountains, valleys, rivers and forests；
2.the painted background that is used to represent natural features or buildings on a theatre stage
单句语法填空
①Everyone at the meeting had different views on/about the subject.
一句多译
②在我看来,你应该向老师求助。
→ In my opinion/view , you should turn to your teacher for help.
→ As far as I’m concerned , you should turn to your teacher for help.
→ From my point of view , you should turn to your teacher for help.
→ The way I see it , you should turn to your teacher for help.
In my opinion/view
As far as I’m concerned
From my point of view
The way I see it
on/about
【教材原句】 And I remember that day when/on which I suddenly felt like German was no longer a foreign language.
no longer=not any longer 不再
no more＝not any more 不再
①Sarah no longer lives here.
＝Sarah does not live here any longer
②I will ask no more questions.
＝I will not ask any more questions.
我还记得那天,我突然觉得德语不再是一门外语。
一句多译
①我父亲已经戒烟了。也就是说,他不再抽烟了。
My father has quitted smoking.
That is to say,he no longer smokes .
→My father has quitted smoking.
That is to say,he doesn’t smoke any longer .
②没有面包了,他们都吃光了。
There’s no more bread . They’ve eaten it all.
There isn’t any more bread . They’ve eaten it all.
no longer smokes
doesn’t smoke any longer
There’s no more bread
There isn’t any more bread
reach the goal (of doing ) 实现目标
【教材P64】I felt as if I had reached the goal which/that I had been fighting for.
我觉得我好像实现了我一直为之奋斗的目标。
set a goal 确立目标
achieve/reach/attain a goal 实现目标
score/kick a goal 踢进一球;得一分
【联想】 goal的同义词有aim, purpose, target等。
完成句子
①I haven’t yet achieved/reached/attained my goal of losing 20 pounds so far.
到目前为止,我还没有实现减掉20磅的目标。
②While it is important to set yourself a goal, what really matters is to achieve/reach/attain your goal through hard work.
虽然给自己确立一个目标很重要,但真正重要的是通过实干去实现自己的目标。
haven’t yet achieved/reached/attained my goal
what really matters
句型公式:the＋比较级 ...,the＋比较级 ... 越……,就越……
【教材P64】It was exercise for the brain; the more I learnt of听到；得知；获悉 a language, the more my brain would grow.
这是对大脑的锻炼;我对一门语言学得越多,我的智力就增长得越快
。
(1)the more ..., the less ...越……,就越不……
(2)此结构中,第一个“the＋比较级...”是表示条件的状语从句,
在表示将来意义的情况下,从句用一般现在时表示将来【主将从现】
【品悟】The more you know about our traditional culture, the more you are interested in it.
你对我们的传统文化了解得越多,你就对它越感兴趣。
①At the same time, the more I know about my country , the deeper love I have for her.
与此同时,我对我的祖国了解得越多,我对她的爱就越深。
②The more friends they have, the more colourful their lives will be.
他们拥有的朋友越多,他们的生活就越丰富多彩。
the more I know about my country
the more colourful
【写美】 完成句子
semester/s ~ mes~t (r)/
n. （pl-s）学期；半学年（尤用于美国，一学年分两个学期）
the spring/fall semester 春季╱秋季学期
term/t m/=trimester/tra mest (r)/
n. （pl-s）学期（尤用于英国，学校一年分三个学期）
the spring/summer/autumn/fall term
春季╱夏季╱秋季学期
petrol/ pe~tr l/
n. （BrE）汽油
gas/ɡ s/=gasoline/ ɡ ~s ~li n/
n. （NAmE）汽油
to fill a car up with petrol
to run out of petrol
the petrol tank of a car
an increase in petrol prices
给汽车油箱装满汽油
用光汽油
汽车的油箱
汽油价格的上涨
subway/ s b~we /
n. （NAmE）地铁；
（BrE）地下通道（NAmE. underpass）
underground/ n~d ~ ɡra nd/
n. （NAmE）地铁
subway station
by subway
take the subway
apartment / ~ pɑ t~m nt/
n. （NAmE）公寓套房
flat/fl t/
n. （BrE）公寓套房
pants/p nts/
n. （BrE）内裤；短裤
（NAmE）裤子
trousers/ tra z (r)z/ （BrE）
beg/beɡ/
vt.(-gg-)恳求；祈求；哀求
beg sb for sth
beg sth of/from sb.
Reading for Writing
equal / i ~kw l/
gap/ɡ p/
demand/d ~ mɑ nd/
vocabulary/v ~ k ~bj ~l ri/
description/d ~ skr p~ n/
relate/r ~ le t/
relate to
have trouble/ tr ~b( )l/ with sth 在某方面有麻烦;做某事有困难
【教材P66】I used to get high marks in English, but now I’m having a lot of trouble with my listening.
我以前英语成绩挺好的,但是现在我的听力有很大的麻烦。
have difficulty with sth 做某事有困难
have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有麻烦/困难
【佳句】①Jack was having much trouble with English grammar, but
he never lost heart丧失信心.
②As the saying goes,“Every family has its own troubles/problems/
worries.”
杰克在英语语法上有困难, 但他从不灰心。
俗话说:“家家有本难念的经。”
trouble n.（U）困难，难题
in trouble 处于不幸中；处困难中
get into trouble 使自己或他人陷入困扰之境
单句语法填空
①If you have some trouble (in) getting (get) along with your friends, you can turn to this book for help.
②You can’t imagine what trouble I had solving (solve) the problem.
完成句子
③ Whenever we have trouble with o ur studies , our teachers always help us patiently.
无论何时我们在学习上遇到困难,老师总是耐心地帮助我们。
getting
solving
Whenever we have trouble with our studies
equal / i ~kw l/
n.(pl-s)同等的人;相等物 adj.相同的;同样的 vt.比得上;敌得过
【教材P66】 ... our relationship is close and we’re equals, so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us. ……
我们关系密切,彼此平等,因此我只需要说几个字,就能消除我们之间的距离。
(1)be equal(adj.) to (doing) sth 胜任(做)某事
equal(vt.) sb/sth in (doing) sth 在(做)某事上比得过某人/物
without equal(n.)＝have no equal 无与伦比
(2)equality/i~ kw ~l ~ti/ n.(U)平等;相等[OPP. inequality]
equally / i ~kw ~li/ adv. 平等地;同样地
单句语法填空
① Equally important is that we should pay attention to 专注于 equality between men and women.(equal)
完成句子
②I think I am equal to the job because I can communicate with foreigners in English. (申请信)
我认为我能胜任这个工作,因为我能用英语与外国人交流。
Equally
equality
am equal to
demand/d ~ mɑ nd/ n.要求;需求 vt.强烈要求;需要 vi.查问
【教材P66】 I must make it a question, not a demand.
我得把它变成一个疑问句,而不是一个要求。
(1)be in (great) demand (迫切)需求（need）
meet/satisfy one’s demands 满足某人的需求（pl-s）
(2)demand to do sth 要求做某事
demand that ...(should) do sth 要求……(应该)做某事【虚拟】
派生：(3)demanding /d mɑ nd / adj.苛求的;难满足的
【佳句】With the development of society, more excellent teachers will be in great demand in the future.
随着社会的发展,未来将迫切需要更多优秀的老师。
【词汇辨析】require expect insist ask
ask期望，要求
demand， expect：强烈要求，坚决要求
insist坚决要求，坚持
require：（尤指根据法规或规定）要求做
【Ask is not as strong as demand or expect , both of which can be more like a command.
ask不如demand和expect语气强烈，demand和expect更像命令】
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The government official demanded to be told (tell) everything about the damage the flood had caused.
＝The government official demanded that he(should) be told (tell) everything about the damage the flood had caused.
【写美】 完成句子
②I’m good at both written and spoken English, so I believe I will meet/satisfy your demands .
我擅长英语写作和口语,因此我相信我会满足您的要求。
to be told
(should) be told
meet/satisfy your demands
relate/r ~ le t/ vt.联系;讲述
【教材P67】Does each sentence relate to the main idea
每个句子都与主旨有关吗
派生：
(2)related /r ~ le ~t d/ adj. 有关的
(3)relation /r ~ le ~ ( )n/ n. 关系;联系
(1)relate to 与……相关;涉及;谈到
be related to 与……有关
【佳句】The teacher was trying to help the students understand the words and relate them to each other.
老师正试图帮助学生理解这些单词,并将它们彼此联系起来。
①What he stressed强调was related to teenagers’ education.
②I’m writing to ask you to write an article in relation (relate) to western life and culture.
【写美】 完成句子
③It is said that the short English film is mainly related to the development of our school.
据说这部英文短片主要与我们学校的发展有关。
to
relation
【练透】 单句语法填空
is mainly related to
relate to
be related to
in relation to
P64-P65
struggle / str ~ɡ( )l/ for sth./with sb.
tongue /t / (from one’ s )point of view
semester/s ~ mes~t (r)/=term
petrol / pe~tr l/(BrE)[gasoline,gas(NAmE)]
subway / s b~we /(NAmE)[underground(BrE)]
apartment / ~ pɑ t~m nt/(NAmE)[flat(BrE)]
pants/p nts/ (NAmE)[trousers(BrE)]
beg/beɡ/-beggar
beg sth. from sb./beg sb. for sth.
Reading for Writing
have trouble/difficulty (with sth)/(in doing sth)
equal / i ~kw l/-euqally(adv.)-equality(n.)-inequal
equal(to胜任于/in在...比得上)
generation gap/ɡ p/
(in)demand/d ~ mɑ nd/-demanding
demand【that虚拟语气】
vocabulary/v ~ k ~bj ~l ri/(pl-ies)
description/d ~ skr p~ n/-describe(vt.)
relate (to)=be related(adj)to=in relation(n.) to