(共31张PPT)
Unit 5
Period 4
Using Language (Ⅱ)
Evaluate chemical farming and organic farming
Do you know what substance is put in the soil to make plants grow
新 课 导 入
It is fertiliser.
1.能通过阅读语篇了解化学农业与有机农业的区别及其优缺点，
学习议论文的结构；
2.写一篇文章来表达你对化学农业或有机农业的看法。
课 堂 学 习
Pre-reading
Look at the title, and do you know what the picture shows
CHEMICAL VERSUS
ORGANIC FARMING
Where
What
Why
Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals.
Chemical farming
While-reading
Read the text, and answer the questions:
1. What is chemical farming
Chemical farming is farming using chemical pesticides and artificial fertilizers.
2. What is organic farming
Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals.
C Organic methods for
producing rich soil
D The problems with
chemical farming
Para. 1-2
Para. 3
Para. 4
Para. 5
A What organic farming is
B Why man-made chemicals
are still used in farming
Read and match.
Read the text, and then answer the questions.
1
1. Why did many farmers welcome the introduction of chemical farming
2. What concerns many people about the use of pesticides
3. What is one problem with the use of chemical fertilisers
Many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop diseases and increase production.
Their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and people’s health.
Crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition.
4. How is organic farming different from chemical farming
5. Why do organic farmers change the kind of crop grown in a field every year
Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. Organic farmers focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease through natural means.
Different crops are grown because they put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready for the next batch of crops.
Then complete the sentences in the table.
2
Para. Main idea Detail
1—2 Pesticides can kill helpful
_____________________.
Some pesticides have been __________ because of the ________________.
Crops grown with chemical fertilisers usually _____________ to be full of _____________.
bacteria and insects
prohibited
damage they cause
grow too fast
nutrition
D
Para. Main idea Detail
3 Many organic farmers use
________________________ as fertiliser.
4 They often _____________________ grown in each field ___________.
They also plant crops that use ______________ of the soil to help keep it rich.
5 Organic farming is nowhere near able to meet the high ________________________________.
natural waste from animals
change the kind of crop
every year
different depths
need/demand for food around the world
A
C
B
Post-reading
What is the goal of using organic farming methods
Do you think it can be reached Why or why not
The goal of using organic farming methods is to grow good food while avoiding damage to the environment or to people's health.
Yes, I think this goal can be reached.Farmers worked for centuries without using any kinds of chemicals and without harming the environment, and the food they produced was just fine.
Language points
1.【教材原句】This affects the crops grown on the land and,in turn①,the animals and humans who digest② them.这会影响土地里种植的作物,继而影响消化这些作物的人畜。
①【词汇精讲】in turn 相应地;转而;依次;轮流
【词汇拓展】
by turns 轮流;交替地
in one’s turn 轮到某人;接着
take turns to do sth 轮流做某事
it is one’s turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事
单句语法填空
(1)Now that we have finished the design,it is their turn (construct).
(2)The two daughters looked after their sick mother turns.
to construct
by
②【词汇精讲】
digest vt.& vi.消化 vt.领会;领悟
【词汇拓展】
digestion n. 消化;领悟
digestive adj. 助消化的
用digest的适当形式填空
(1)Nutrients from the food can be absorbed into the blood.
(2)Large meals overload the system.
digested
digestive
2.【教材原句】In fact,some pesticides like DDT have been prohibited in most countries because of the damage they cause to people and the environment.事实上,由于对人类和环境有害,“滴滴涕”等农药在大多数国家已被禁用。
【句式剖析】
because of因为……,是介词短语,常用作原因状语,后面跟名词或代词作宾语。
【温馨提示】
because是连词,其后接句子;because of是复合介词短语,其后接名词、代词、动词-ing形式、what引导的从句等,它在句中一般做状语，表示引起事件发生的直接原因。
e.g.The teacher got angry because of what we had done in class.。
3.【教材原句】As for chemical fertilisers,crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition.至于化肥,用它们种植的作物通常长得太快,不能提供丰富的营养。
【句法分析】
句中的too fast to be rich in nutrition为too...to...结构。too...to...意为“太……而不能……”,表示否定含义。在该结构中,too为副词,修饰形容词或其他副词。to为不定式,后跟动词原形。不定式做结果状语,常用主动形式,其逻辑主语有时是句子的主语;若不是,不定式的逻辑主语通常由for引出。
完成句子
(1)我想提醒你们,无论何时开始学习都不迟。
I want to remind you that it’s _______________ learn.
never too late to
4.【教材原句】They may look beautiful on the outside,but inside there is usually more water than essential minerals,and they often have less flavour as well.此类作物外表靓丽,而内里却经常是水分多于必需矿物质,并且往往口感较差。
【词汇精讲】
essential adj.完全必要的;极其重要的
【词汇拓展】
be essential to/for 对……是必要的
it is essential that...(should) do... 做……是必要的
it is essential to do... 做……是必要的
5. 【教材原句】As an alternative,some farmers have switched to organic farming,and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery.作为一种替代方法,有些农民已经转向有机耕作,而且许多消费者在当地食杂店购物时,也转而选择有机食品。
【词汇精讲】
alternative n.可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的;非传统的
【词汇拓展】
an alternative to... ……的替代物(to是介词)
have no alternative but to do sth别无选择只好做某事
have the alternative of doing sth 有做某事的选择
6.【教材原句】Why different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground,making it ready for the next batch of crops.为什么要种植不同的作物,是因为他们把重要的矿物质放回地里,让它为下一批作物做好准备。
【句法分析】
本句是复合句，主语是由主语从句Why different crops are grown充当，is是系动词，表语是由表语从句because they put important minerals back into the ground充当。making it ready...动词-ing形式短语做结果状语。动词-ing形式短语做结果状语,相当于一个并列谓语,所表示的是谓语动词的直接结果,是意料中的结果。
【温馨提示】
动词-ing形式短语做结果状语时常用逗号与主句隔开,表示与主句的动作之间有必然的因果关系,有时在其前加副词thus;动词不定式做结果状语往往表示出乎意料的结果或不好的结果,而且不定式前常加only。
7.【教材原句】Therefore,there is still a long way to find a suitable solution that puts sufficient food on the dinner table while keeping people and the environment as healthy as possible.
因此,想要找到一个合适的解决方案,使人类和环境尽可能保持健康,又让人们有足够的食物可吃,这还有很长的路要走。
【句式剖析】
本句是一个复合句。there is still a long way...是主句,that puts...是定语从句,while keeping是省略的时间状语从句。as...as possible尽可能……。
【句式拓展】
as...as possible相当于as...as one can,使用时需要注意can的变化。
e.g.You should read more and more books as carefully as you can!
Before writing
3
Write an argumentative essay giving your opinion on chemical or organic farming.
Discuss these questions in groups.
Is the author of the passage for or against organic farming How do you know
What other disadvantages of chemical farming did the author not list
How might the following items be problems and how important are they for organic farming
natural animal waste used as fertiliser
higher cost of producing food
greater effort required to farm
What other disadvantages of organic farming can you think of
写作指导
辩论报告属于应用文文体之一，同时又具有议论文的特点，是对某个话题的辩论。
该类文章一般分为三部分：
第一部分：开门见山，说明自己的看法或观点；
第二部分：列举支持方的观点及其理由；或列举反对方的观点及其理由；
第三部分：得出结论或给出自己的观点。
辩论报告
[文体特征]
1. 文章短小精悍，语言精练，准确易懂；
2. 时态常用一般现在时。
[常用表达]
1. We had a discussion about ...
2. I’m writing to tell you about a discussion we have had a discussion about ...
3. Opinions are divided on this issue./Opinions are mainly divided
into two groups.
4. Different people, however, have different opinions on this matter.
5. People who are against the idea think that ...
While writing
Decide whether your group supports chemical farming or organic e up with three main points to support your opinion, and then add at least one detail to support each main plete the outline below.
Topic sentence: In my opinion, _______ farming is
preferable to ____________ farming
because ____________________________
Point 1: _________________________________________
(Detail)____________________________________
Point 2: _________________________________________
(Detail)____________________________________
Point 3: _________________________________________
(Detail)____________________________________
Conclusion: ______________________________________
Use your outline to write a short essay giving your opinion on the topic.
Write an argumentative essay
明确体裁话题
确定时态人称
布局文章架构
列出核心要点
开头：介绍农业发展概况和有机农业的出现。
中段：展开论述，分层次介绍化学农业和有机农业的
区别，有机农业的优势。
结尾：总结观点，提出建议。
支持有机农业
文体：议论文
以现在时为主、兼顾过去时、将来时；第一、三人称
1.化学农业的缺点。
2.有机农业的优点，人们对健康的重视
和选择有机农业的理由。
4
Exchange your draft with a partner.
Does the writer do a good job of expressing his/her opinion
Does each paragraph have one main idea
Does each paragraph have at least one detail to support its main idea
Does the writer sequence the points in a logical order
Does the writer do a good job persuading you to accept his/her opinion
1. Use the checklist to help you review your partner’s draft.
2. Take your draft back and revise it.
Sample Writing
In my opinion, organic farming is preferable to chemical farming because of the benefits to the environment and to people, and because organic food is more nutritious.
To begin with, chemical farming harms the environment. Since chemical pesticides are not found in nature, normal natural processes cannot get rid of them. Instead, the chemicals tend to accumulate in the soil and water, and are absorbed in the food chain, where they poison wildlife and domestic animals.
This affects us directly, because we end up eating plants, dairy products, eggs, and meat that have high levels of pesticides. Think about it: The purpose of the pesticides is to kill “pests”, that is, to kill insects. Something that can kill an insect probably is not healthy for a person to eat. While it may be true that the food we eat does not have enough pesticide in it to kill us immediately, over the years this pesticide may cause us health problems or give us diseases such as cancer.
Finally, organic food is generally more nutritious than food grown with man-made chemicals. If you remember a few years ago, there was the case of watermelons literally exploding in the fields because they had been given chemicals to make them grow faster.The reason why they exploded was that they contained too much water, because the farmers had used too many chemicals and the weather was unusually wet. As it turns out, such chemicals are commonly used in farming to grow larger crops more quickly. Do you really want to eat watered-down fruit and vegetables which have been rushed to market They cannot possibly taste as good as organic vegetables, nor can they be as nutritious.
In closing, I would like to suggest buying organic food. Yes, the price is a little higher, but the small price we pay extra will bring us huge rewards in the end.
Do you know what we should pay attention to when writing an argumentative essay now (共18张PPT)
Unit 5
Period 2
Discover Useful Structures
Although loneliness has always been a friend of mine,
I'm leaving my life in your hands.
People say I'm crazy and ______ I am blind.
Risking it all in a glance.
______ you got me blind is still a mystery.
I can't get you out of my head.
Don't care ______ is written in your history.
As long as you're here with me.
I don't care _____ you are,
_______ you're from,
_______ you did.
As long as you love me.
新 课 导 入
As long as you love me
that
How
what
who
where
what
Listen to music, and fill in the blank.
1.能学习并掌握主语从句的用法；
2.能学会运用主语从句来谈论什么品质能使人成功。
课 堂 学 习
Look at the complex sentences below and state the functions of the noun clauses italicised.
1
What Yuan Longping really cared about was not money or celebrity.
That Yuan Longping had realised his dream of seawater rice surprised the whole world.
It surprised the whole world that Yuan Longping had realised his dream of developing seawater rice.
Subject
Subject
Subject
用it作形式主语
Find similar complex sentences from the text.
Para 2: However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.
Para 3: How this could be done was a challenging question at the time.
Para 3: However, whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.
Para 6: What impresses people most about Yuan Longping is his ongoing ability to fulfill his dreams.
Subject Clauses
1. 概念
在主从复合句中充当主语成分的从句叫作主语从句。
2. 引导主语从句的连接词
(1)从属连词：that, whether。
(2)连接代词：who, whoever, whom, whose, what, whatever, which, whichever。
(3)连接副词：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however。
引导词 作用 例句
that, whether 只起连接作用,在句中不作成分 Whether we will hold the sports meeting has not been decided.还没有决定我们是否召开运动会。
what, who, whose, which, whatever, whoever, whichever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语 What/Whatever he says sounds reasonable.他说的话听起来很合理。/不管他说什么话,听起来都很合理。What Barbara offers to her fans are honesty and happiness.芭芭拉展现给粉丝们的是诚实和快乐。
how, when, where, why 在句中作状语 When he will do the experiment is still unknown.仍然不知道他何时做实验。
3. 常规主语从句，即从句在主从复合句中充当主语成分
(1)连接词位于句首不能省略
①That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.
他在如此短的时间内写完作文使我们十分惊讶。
②What caused the accident remains unknown.
事故的起因仍然是未知的。
(2)主语从句大多数情况下被视为第三人称单数
①Whether we will go on an outing tomorrow remains unknown.
我们明天是否会外出仍然未知。
②Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet.
还没有决定谁会成为我们的班长。
4. it放在句首作形式主语，真正主语则置于句末
①It is certain that he will win the match.
他一定会赢得这场比赛的。
②It is true that he has made an important discovery in chemistry.
他确实在化学上做出了一项重大的发现。
5. that从句作主语时，常用it作形式主语，常见的句型有:
(1) It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible,
likely, certain, probable ...)+that从句。
(2) It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise...)+that从句。
(3) It+be+过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged ...)
+that从句。
(4) It+特殊动词或短语(seem, appear, happen, matter, turn out, occur to, make no
difference等)+that从句
【即学活用】单句语法填空
1. is strange that the man should have stuck to his silly ideas.
2. It is a pity we won't be able to go to the south to spend our
summer vacation.
3. caused the accident is still a mystery.
4. is said that he has gone to Shanghai.(=He is said to have
gone to Shanghai.)
It
that
What
It
Match the sentence parts, and then translate the completed sentences into Chinese. Pay attention to how the subjects are introduced differently.
2
1.____ remains an unanswered question.
2.____ is an important topic for us to research.
3.____ is that these chemicals may even cause
cancer.
4.____ these vegetables can even be planted
without any soil through this new technology.
5.____ is the reason why some people prefer
to live in the country rather than in the city.
A What worries many people
B That the lifestyle is slower and
healthier
C How we can find a suitable solution
to produce sufficient food while
keeping the environment safe
D When these wheat farmers will join
this pilot experiment
E It amazed all of us that
D
C
A
E
B
1. 这些小麦农户什么时候会加入预试验仍然不得而知。
2. 如何能够找到一个合适的解决办法，在保证环境安全的同时，
生产足够的粮食，是一个需要我们研究的重要课题。
3. 令很多人担心的是，这些化学制品甚至可能导致癌症。
4. 令我们所有人惊讶的是，通过这种新技术，可以无土栽培这
些蔬菜。
5. 有些人更喜欢住在乡下而非城市的原因是前者生活节奏更慢、
生活方式更健康。
Read the passage and underline all the subject clauses. Then in pairs, discuss whether the sentences with subject clauses can be paraphrased.
3
Grandma has been complaining about the vegetables sold in the supermarket, which have been grown using chemical fertilisers. To her, that they look beautiful on the outside is obvious. However, what she is unhappy about is the lower nutritional value and reduced flavour. Now that both of my grandparents have retired from their jobs in the city, how they are going to spend their retirement is an important decision for them. Whether they can live a healthy life is the first thing they are considering. So they have made up their minds to move to the countryside, where they can live a green life.
What qualities do you think make a person like Yuan Longping so successful Work in groups. Have a discussion and prepare a presentation.
4
※ his/her determination to tackle the crisis of …
※ his/her intense effort to overcome …
※ his/her dream to develop …
※ his/her love and care for …
※ he/she succeeded in …
※ he/she never gave up …
※ he/she is devoted to ....
The following points and expressions may help you:
What impresses me most is that …
What makes him/her a great … is that …
It is important that …
Whether … depends on …
That … is his/her most important quality.
Sample Writing
Hello everyone! Today I’m glad to share you a great pioneer in agriculture—Yuan Longping. It is known to us all that Yuan Longing always considers himself a farmer. Actually, he is famous as the “father of hybrid rice” both in China and abroad. What qualities make him so successful is what I will share next. What impresses me most is that he refused his parents’ suggestion to study science or medicine and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing. What makes him one of great scientists in China is his determination to tackle the crisis of the poor harvest and starvation of farmers.
It is important that he had a dream to develop a high output rice—the hybrid rice. Whether his dream would be accomplished depended on his intense effort to overcome all the difficulties during the research. It excited the whole world that he succeeded in finding the solution to boosting yield in the field. His love and care for his people makes him beloved. He is devoted to circulating his knowledge in Asia and many less developed countries to increase their harvest has been helping rid the world of the hunger. That he never gives up and cares little about the money and being famous are his most important qualities.
Subject Clauses
1. 概念
2. 引导主语从句的连接词
3. 常规主语从句，即从句在主从复合句中充当主语成分
4. it放在句首作形式主语，真正主语则置于句末
5. that从句作主语时，常用it作形式主语(共23张PPT)
Unit 5
Period 5
Assessing Your Progress
新 课 导 入
Review
Say the meaning of these words or phrases as quickly as possible!
convince
devote
be comprised of
in turn
alternative
deep down
organic
entirely
domestic
assumption
shortage
tackle
expand
1.通过练习巩固主语从句的用法以及本单元的重点词汇；
2.能学会用正确的格式制作最爱的菜肴的海报；
3.通过观看视频获取哥斯达黎加地球大学的信息并学会分享自
己的观点。
课 堂 学 习
Read and complete the passage with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box.
1
attain be comprised of depth diverse essential for instance output soil
Jia Sixie was a government official from Shandong Province who conducted a lot of agricultural research in the sixth century. In his travels, he observed that some farmers had much better _______ than others, so he decided to investigate the best ways of ________ good harvests. After retiring, he wrote a book, Qi Min Yao Shu, which _______________ sound advice and practices for people doing agricultural work.
output
attaining
was comprised of
In one piece of advice, __________, he told farmers to clear weeds from the ground before planting crops. They could either let the animals eat the weeds or turn the ______ over so that the weeds were covered. Then he gave advice on ploughing, suggesting that the autumn ploughing should be at a greater _______ than the spring ploughing. He also suggested changing crops to get better harvests every year. Finally, he suggested that farmers grow a ________ range of crops next to each other in the fields. Although it has been centuries since Jia Sixie died, Qi Min Yao Shu is still considered a(n) _______ book in China’s agricultural history.
for instance
soil
diverse
essential
depth
instance n. 例子；实例；事例
Eg: In one piece of advice, for instance, he told farmers to clear weeds from the ground before planting crops. 例如，在一条建议中，他告诉农民在种植作物之前要清除地上的杂草。
[归纳拓展]
for instance 例如；比如
in this instance 在这种情况下
Answer the questions.
1. Why did Jia Sixie investigate good ways of farming
2. What makes Qi Min Yao Shu an important book in China’s agricultural history
It provided sound advice and practice for people doing agricultural work.
He wanted to help more people attain good harvests.
Fill in the blanks with that, whether, or wh- question words to complete the sentences.
2
1. ______________ the research centre is to be set up has not been decided.
2. _______ many countries still face food shortages remains a big problem.
3. _______ impressed me most was that the hybrid rice enabled farmers to
expand their output greatly.
4. _____________ the plan is to be carried out still needs discussing.
5. _______ the new chemical pesticide is effective remains to be seen.
6. _______ will join in the research team will be announced tomorrow.
7. _______ he quit his high-paying job is not difficult to understand. He wanted to start up his own business.
Where/Whether
That
What
Whether/When
Whether
Who
Why
Summary
功能 连接词
不作成分 that, whether
作主、宾、表、 what, who, whom,
wh+ever
作定语 which, whose,
作状语 when, where, why, how
The use of conjunctions in subject clauses
缺什么补什么
※ Project: Make a poster of your favourite dish, from field to plate
In groups, discuss this line of poetry, “Every single grain on your plate is the result of hard work.”
1
What does this line mean to you
How should this knowledge affect your daily life
Brainstorm a list of your favourite dishes. Each dish should be comprised of five or more ingredients.
2
Choose one dish from your list that everyone in your group likes. Find a list of its ingredients from a recipe or product label.
3
Example: Kung Pao Chicken is made with chicken, peanuts, onions, red peppers, Sichuan peppercorns, ginger, garlic, oil, cooking wine, salt, soy sauce, vinegar, etc.
To make this dish you will need the following:
eggplant
scallion
garlic
ginger
soy sauce
vinegar
sugar
cooking wine
chicken powder
salt
Sweet and Sour Eggplant
Assign team members to research where and how each of these ingredients is produced.
4
Example: Peanuts are planted in April or May. It takes around 120 to 160 days for them to be ready for harvesting. This is usually done by hand. The farmer pulls the peanut plants out of the ground and leaves them in the field to dry. The peanuts are then collected and separated from their vines. They are dried for some more time and then taken to the market for sale.
Work together to make a poster about your favourite dish. Each team member should explain where at least one ingredient comes from and how it is produced.
5
Assign group members to prepare the following:
※ a large and colourful drawing of the dish that everyone in
the group likes
※ each one prepares a report where the ingredient comes
from and how it is produced
※ some small pictures of the ingredients of your dishes
※ a short introduction to the poster
Present your poster to the class.
※ Video Time
Earth University
Earth University is a special university in Costa Rica, where students learn sustainable farming methods that can protect the environment.
Before you watch
Answer the following questions.
1. Where do you think people can learn professional
agricultural knowledge
On the Internet;
In the book;
In a professional school;
…
2. Do you think it is necessary to have an agricultural college
Give the reasons.
I think it should be necessary to have an agricultural college. Because people need a specific place to learn professional knowledge to work the land.
Complete the passage with the words in the box.
agricultural ecology methods profit
scholarships sustainable typical unique
Earth University is located in Guacimo, Costa Rica. It is not a(n) _______ university. What is _______ about it is that students study both in classrooms and in the fields. That is because Earth University is a(n) __________ school where students learn about farming. The kind of farming taught here is called __________ farming. The farming _________ they learn have little or no negative impact on the environment. In class, they also learn about ________, which is the study of how to protect the natural balance of the environment. The students grow bananas on the farm for _______. The money they get from these bananas goes towards ___________ for students from poor areas.
typical
unique
agricultural
sustainable
methods
ecology
profit
scholarships
While you watch
Circle the best answers.
1. Which is not a goal of Earth University
A To teach poor students.
B To teach students how to make food with bananas.
C To give students skills to protect the environment.
2. Most of the students are from ______.
A Africa B Latin America C Costa Rica
3. Students have to work six days a week for _______.
A half of the year B most of the year C the entire year
4. Earth University students also learn about _______.
A chemical farming B leadership C economics
After you watch
Discuss these questions in groups.
1. What do you like about Earth University
I like the fact that it gives its students hands-on experience in sustainable farming techniques.
2. Would you like to study at Earth University Why or why not
No, I would not like to study at Earth University. I am sure that it is a good place, but I think I want to do something different while making contributions to the world.
REFLECTING
What did you learn about agriculture that you did not know before
What interested you most about agriculture in this unit Give your reasons.
What other important aspects of agriculture do you want to know about
Overall, I thought this unit was ◎interesting ◎useful ◎so-so ◎difficult.(共35张PPT)
Unit 5
Period 1
Reading and Thinking (1)
Get to know an agricultural scientist
新 课 导 入
Can you translate this poem
Farmers weeding at noon,
Sweat down the field soon.
Who knows food on a tray,
Due to their toiling day.
1.通过阅读有关农业科学家袁隆平的文章，理解并欣赏其语篇特
征和写作手法；
2.能学会用构词法猜测词义以及掌握本课时的重点词汇。
课 堂 学 习
Pre-reading
Before you read, look at the photo and the title of the text. Discuss these questions in groups.
1
★ Who is the man in the photo What crop is he holding in his hand
Yuan Longping—father of hybrid rice
★ What do you know about the man What else do you want to know
about him
He is father of hybrid rice, who received the great honor for his great contributions to hybrid rice research and the work he did to improve rice production in developing countries. He is called a pioneer for all people. “As China is helping them develop hybrid rice, African countries will have a bright future,” said Chinese agronomist Yuan Longping, also known as the “father of hybrid rice” for developing the first such strains (系;品种). The world-renowned agricultural scientist, who received “the Medal of the Republic” for his contribution to the country ahead of the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, also urged the youth to pursue lofty (崇高的) ideals instead of simply chasing after money.
袁隆平（1930年9月-2021年5月），江西省九江市德安县人，毕业于西南农学院（现西南大学），中国杂交水稻育种专家，“共和国勋章”获得者，中国工程院院士，中国研究与发展杂交水稻的开创者，被誉为“世界杂交水稻之父”。袁隆平先后成功研发出“三系法”杂交水稻、“两系法”杂交水稻、超级杂交稻一期、二期，与此同时，提出并实施“种三产四丰产工程”。2018年被党中央、国务院授予改革先锋称号。
While-reading
Read the text. Match the main idea with each paragraph.
A Yuan conducted research and developed hybrid rice.
B Yuan is old but still working hard to fulfil his dreams.
C Yuan considers himself a farmer.
D Yuan decided to study agriculture.
E Yuan's innovation has helped to feed more people.
F Yuan cares little for fame or wealth.
2
Read the text and choose T or F.
1. Yuan Longping’s parents wanted him to pursue a
career in agriculture science.
2. Yuan’s innovation has helped feed not only China, but many other
countries that depend on rice as well, such as India and Vietnam.
3. From the passage, we know that Yuan Longping’s lifelong pursuit is
to keep all the people away from hunger.
4. Dr Yuan is more a farmer than a scientist.
F
T
T
F
science or medicine
still very much a farmer at heart
Read the text again and answer the questions.
3
1. Why does Yuan Longping consider himself a farmer
Because he continually works the land in his research.
2. Why did Yuan Longping decide to study agriculture
He was concerned that farmers had poor harvests and sometimes even had a shortage of food to eat.
3. What is the main advantage of hybrid crops
One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops.
4. How has Yuan’s work helped China and other countries
Yuan’s innovation has helped feed not just China, but many other countries that depend on rice as well, such as India and Vietnam.
5. What is Yuan’s latest vision
Seawater rice.
Post-reading
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in the box.
4
Use word formation to guess the meaning
Often, new words are not really “new”— they are just different forms of words that you may already know. For instance, a word ending with –ate is often a verb, while a word ending in –tion is often a noun. Thus, we have communicate (verb) and communication (noun). English has many word patterns like this.
create estimation education generation graduate
1. This school has __________ thousands of bright young students over the years.
2. Most students look for jobs after university __________.
3. Because of the __________ of new strains of hybrid crops, people in many parts
of the world now have more food to eat.
4. Last year, this new electric power plant __________ enough energy to power the
whole city.
5. It was difficult to calculate exactly how many trees had been cut down. However,
a general __________ was possible.
educated
graduation
estimation
creation
generated
Discuss the questions in groups.
5
1. Apart from rice, what are some other important crops in China What do you know about them
The most important crop besides rice is wheat, which is grown on different parts of China, and is used to make noodles and bread. Corn is also a popular crop in north and north-eastern China. It is used both for food and for animal feed.
2. Other than hybrid rice, what other hybrid products do you know Can you think of new hybrid ideas
Common hybrid crops include corn, rapeseed, sunflowers, and nearly all market vegetables. Some kinds of hybrid animals have been known for a long time, the most famous of which is the mule — which is a hybrid of a horse and a donkey. The concept of a hybrid is not restricted to plants and animals. For example, there are hybrid cars, which are powered by two different kinds of engines at the same time.
Summary
Structure of the text: This is a biography in chronological order
Introduction of the person
Main body of the passage
Conclusion
Conclusion
His former vision
His latest vision
We are expecting his future vision
Introduction of the person
Main body of the passage
Who is Yuan Longpig
What is his achievement
In 1930 Yuan was born in Beijing.
In 1953 he graduated from university and began his research.
So far he has made great achievements
Now he is still working on his research.
人教 选择性必修第一册
Unit 5
( 英语 )
ENGLISH
Period 1
Reading and Thinking (2)
Build up your vocabulary
Language points
1.【教材原句】Yuan Longping,known as the “father of hybrid rice”,is one of China’s most famous scientists.被誉为“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平是中国最著名的科学家之一。
【句式剖析】
known as意为“作为……而著名”,是过去分词短语作定语,修饰主语Yuan Longping。过去分词(短语)作定语时和所修饰的词有逻辑上的动宾关系。
【句式拓展】
过去分词作定语时相当于定语从句。
e.g.The meeting held yesterday is of great importance.
=The meeting that/which was held yesterday is of great importance.
昨天举行的会议非常重要。
2.【教材原句】Indeed,his slim but strong body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers,to whom① he has devoted② his life.
确实,他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。
①介词 “to + whom”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词farmers。这里to被提到了关系代词前面。
②【词汇精讲】
devote vt.把……献(给);把……专用于;专心于
【词汇拓展】
devote oneself to 献身于……;致力于……;专心于……
devote...to... 把……用于……;把……献给……
devoted adj. 忠实的;深爱的
be devoted to 深爱;致力于;专心于
devotion n. 关爱;献身;奉献;忠诚
3.【教材原句】However, what concerned him most① was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage② of food to eat.然而，最让他担心的是农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至严重缺乏食物。
①【句式分析】
句中what concerned him most为what引导的主语从句，that farmers...为that引导的表语从句，其中不定式短语to eat作名词food的后置定语。
【归纳拓展】
what是连接代词，引导的从句可以作主语、宾语或表语；what本身在从句中可作主语、宾语或表语。
【温馨提示】
what除引导从句外，还在从句中作成分，意为“所……的(东西)”，在含义上等于“名词＋that”。that引导名词性从句只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，无意义，在宾语从句中通常省略，但在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中均不能省略。
②【词汇精讲】
shortage n.不足;缺少;短缺
【词汇拓展】
short adj.短的;不足的;矮的
be short for 是……的简称
be short of 缺乏;不足
shortly adv.立刻;马上;不久
4.【教材原句】Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice.袁隆平确信,在杂交水稻的研制中可以找到答案。
【词汇精讲】
convince vt.使相信;使确信;说服
【词汇拓展】
convince sb of sth 使某人信服某事
convince sb that...使某人确信……
convince sb to do sth 说服/劝说某人做某事
convinced adj.确信的;深信的
be convinced of sth 坚信……;确信某事
be convinced that...坚信……;确信……
convincing adj.令人信服的;有说服力的
5.【教材原句】One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops.
杂交水稻的一个特点是它们通常能获得比传统作物更高的产量。
【词汇精讲】
attain vt.(通常经过努力)获得;得到
e.g.After his graduation he returned and attained the degree of civil engineering.
【易混辨析】attain, reach, achieve, arrive均有“达到”之意。
(1)attain侧重指在抱负或雄心的激励下, 以最大的努力去达到一般所不及或不敢追求的目的。
(2)reach常用词, 指到达某一空间、时间、目标或发展过程中的某一点。
(3)achieve侧重为达到目的所需的技巧、忍耐和努力。
(4)arrive指得出结论, 达成某项协议或做出某一决定等。该词是不及物动词, 后面通常接介词at。
6.【教材原文】The common assumption then was that it could not be done. 当时人们普遍认为这是不可能的。
【词汇精讲】
assumption n.假定;设定;(责任的)承担;(权利的)获得
【词汇拓展】
make assumptions about...对……臆断
assume vt.假设,认为
assume...to be...认为……是……
It is assumed that...一般认为……
assuming (that)...假设/假定……
7. 【教材原文】This hybrid enabled farmers to expand their output greatly. 这种杂交种使农民能够大幅度增加产量。
【词汇精讲】
expand vt.& vi.扩大;增加 vt.扩展;发展(业务)
【词汇拓展】
expand into 拓展到;拓展成
expansion n. 扩张;扩展
expand on / upon 详述，详细阐明
【易混辨析】
expand 范围、体积的扩大、膨胀
enlarge 面积、体积的扩大
extend 长度、宽度的延伸及时间的延长
spread 物种、疾病、思想、文化等的传播、延伸
8.【教材原句】Today,it is estimated① that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of② crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains…据估算,现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物……
①【词汇精讲】estimate vt.估计;估价;估算 n.估计;估算
【词汇拓展】
be estimated to be/have/cost估计是/有/花费
It is estimated that... 据估计……
【句式剖析】
本句是一个复合句。句中and连接表示顺承关系的并列句，其中第一个分句中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的名词性从句；过去分词短语generated from Yuan's hybrid strains作名词crops的后置定语。
②【词汇精讲】comprise vt.包括;包含;由……组成
【词汇拓展 】
be comprised of 包括;包含;由……组成(或构成)
be made up of 由……组成
consist of 由……组成
【温馨提示】
consist of没有被动语态，相当于be made up of或be composed of，且不用于进行时。
9.【教材原句】Given that① Yuan’s hybrids have made him quite wealthy, one might think he would retire to a life of leisure.However, this is far from the case②.考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有,人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。然而，事实远非如此。
①【句式剖析】
given that...意为“考虑到……”，引导的是一个状语从句，相当于considering。given可作介词,表示“只要是;考虑到;假定;已知”等。
【归纳拓展】given的几种用法
(1)用作give 的过去分词，引出过去分词短语作状语，意为“如果有……”，“假定……”等义，此时其逻辑主语与句子主语保持一致。
(2)可用作介词，后接名词或代词，意为“考虑到”或“鉴于”。
(3)用作形容词，意为“特定的”“一定的”“规定的”等，通常用作定语。
(4)given 后也可接 that 从句，表示“考虑到”。
②【词汇精讲】far from the case 远非如此，也可以说far from being the case
e.g. His work is far from (being) satisfactory.
他的工作一点也不令人满意。
1
Replace the underlined words with the correct forms of the words from the text.
1 To deal with this crisis, he chose to study agriculture.
2 He is a very good actor and he commits himself to
every role that he takes on.
3 Yuan Longping strongly believed that the answer could
be found in the creation of hybrid rice.
4 Yuan Longping, through intense effort, solved
enormous difficulties and developed the first hybrid
rice that could be used for farming.
5 This hybrid enabled farmers to increase their output
greatly.
6 Students are encouraged to try a variety of free-time
activities to reduce the intense stress from studying.
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________
tackle
devotes
was convinced
overcame
expand
leisure
1. The c_____________ of a person are the special qualities that make him or her
different from others.
2. Scientists from different countries have been pursuing various possibilities to
overcome food s__________.
3. Many of us a________ that earthquakes would never happen in our area.
4. With more and more farm machines being used in the fields, the c____________ of
fuel has been increasing.
2
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words from the text. Then use these words to make your own sentences.
haracteristics
hortage
ssume
onsumption
5. Newspapers should pay less attention to media c___________ and more
attention to our national heroes.
6. Our general manager tried his best to help overcome the difficulties we were
facing during the financial c______.
7. My mother is very c_____________ and finds it hard to accept the modern
lifestyle that I enjoy.
8. The government has decided to boost the programme to g________ more new
jobs.
elebrities
risis
onventional
enerate
3
Complete the news report below with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box.
tackle vision conventional deep down
be comprised of reality consumption
A vast underground shelter built during World War Ⅱ has been turned into an urban farm, supplying supermarkets and restaurants in London. The shelter, which could protect up to 8,000 people from wartime bombs, ________________ two large tunnels that were intended to one day become an extension of the London Underground. But that never became _____ and the shelter was left for 70 years. Then businessmen decided to make use of it to grow green vegetables to meet increasing _______________ demands.
is comprised of
real
consumption
The tunnels are lit with pink LEDs as there is no natural light ___________ below the ground. The vegetables are grown in special liquids instead of the earth that is used as in ___________ farming. Many experts share a ________ that this kind of urban farming could help not only in ________ the problem of population growth, but also in adapting to climate change.
conventional
vision
tackling
deep down
Yuan is willing to consider himself as a farmer.
Concerned about the farmers, Yuan decided to study agriculture.
Facing the challenging question, he began his research and succeeded.
Yuan's innovation has helped feed many countries and has received awards.
Yuan cares little for celebrity or money but for his own career.
Though old, Yuan is still dreaming and fulfilling his dreams.
Pioneer
Let’s retell the passage “A Pioneer for All People”!(共20张PPT)
Unit 5
Period 3
Using Language (I)
Explore the world hunger problem
United Nations (UN)
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
World Health Organization
(WHO)
United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
Do you recognize these logos
新 课 导 入
1.能听懂并理解录音采访中的关键信息，并学会判断
被采访人的主要观点及其支撑信息之间的关系；
2.能够学会分析和判断世界饥饿问题的原因，并提出
解决方案。
课 堂 学 习
Pre-listening
In pairs, discuss what you can see in the photos and how you think each photo relates to world hunger.
1
Drought
When there is drought, crops cannot grow and animals may die.
War
Hunger often comes with war, as often people cannot farm to grow food or work to get money to buy food.
Famine
Famine can be caused by drought, insects or diseases, or too hot or too cool weather.
Look and learn
联合国粮食及农业组织（Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations，FAO）简称“粮农组织”，于1945年10月16日正式成立，是联合国系统内最早的常设专门机构，是各成员国间讨论粮食和农业问题的国际组织。其宗旨是提高人民的营养水平和生活标准，改进农产品的生产和分配，改善农村和农民的经济状况，促进世界经济的发展并保证人类免于饥饿。组织总部在意大利罗马，现共有194个成员国、1个成员组织（欧洲联盟）和2个准成员（法罗群岛、托克劳群岛）。
Listen to a radio interview and take notes. Then answer the following questions.
2
While-listening
1. What is the FAO What is its mission
2. What can seriously affect crop production
3. What does the FAO think about nutritious food
4. What is the FAO doing to alleviate world hunger
5. What does the FAO suggest countries do
adj. 有营养的；营养丰富的
vt. 减轻；缓解
1. What is the FAO What is its mission
2. What can seriously affect crop production
3. What does the FAO think about nutritious food
FAO stands for Food and Agriculture Organization. Its aim is to eliminate world hunger.
Droughts, floods and climate change.
The FAO believes everyone should have the right to get healthy food.
4. What is the FAO doing to alleviate world hunger
5. What does the FAO suggest countries do
The FAO runs a project called Climate-Smart Agriculture, which helps countries to develop sustainable agriculture.
Every country needs to focus on making new achievements in agriculture too, which can often benefit the whole world.
Listen again and identify how the speaker supports his facts. Match the supporting evidence with the facts.
3
Identify Supporting Evidence
When people present important facts, they usually give some evidence to support their claims. The evidence is usually mentioned at the start of a sentence. Listen out for key words like report, research, studies, figures, findings, etc.
1. According to our latest figures, …
2. There is strong evidence to suggest
that …
3. Our research indicates that …
A wars can heavily affect food
production and transportation.
B (world hunger) stands at around
11% of the world's population.
C many people just can't afford to
eat well.
1. There is strong evidence to suggest that many people just can't afford
to eat well. And it's not just about __________________________;
people need to eat ______________________, which often
__________________ or ___________________.
2. And, of course, global conflict must _____________. And don't
forget that we as individuals can also make a difference:
_____________________________________________________.
having enough food to eat
enough nutritious food
they can not afford
do not have access to
be eliminated
buy food that supports the environment, and never waste food
Listen for details.
Work in pairs. Discuss the following questions and then share your answers in class. Use a table like the one below to help you organise your thoughts.
4
Post-listening
1 What are all the possible causes of world hunger that you can think of
2 What can people and countries do to help alleviate these causes
Possible cause Possible solution
droughts
floods
poverty
war
With droughts, we can invent new forms of agriculture that do not rely so much on water, and drought-resistant crops;
floods can often be prevented by the building of dams and levees;
poverty is best solved through economic development and programmes that give people more opportunities;
war may be solved through international negotiation.
Work in groups to brainstorm ideas for some school activities that celebrate World Food Day. Use the expressions to help you communicate with your group members.
5
World Food Day(WFD) was created by the FAO in 1979. It is celebrated in more than 150 countries, raising awareness and knowledge of the problems and causes behind world hunger and poverty.
Brainstorm ideas for some school activities that celebrate World Food Day.
individuals
climate change
Our actions are our future
eliminate poverty
food and environment
food safety
experience hunger
value our food
make a difference
Sharing your opinions
I'd rather ... In my eyes ... In my opinion ...
Without a doubt ... The advantages are ... I have a feeling that ...
It's a pity that ... I'd prefer... because ... My impression is that ...
I think/guess/believe ... From my point of view, ...
My view/opinion/belief is that ...
Sample Dialogue
A: So what shall we do for World Food Day
B: In my opinion, a poster contest would be a perfect way to celebrate it.
C: That's OK, I guess, but my impression is that everyone is tired of making posters.
A: It's a pity, but I think you' re right. We already have posters all over campus, and so
the message might get lost. We need to make a stronger impact.
C: In my eyes, we should have a school debate on how best to solve the problem of
world hunger.
B: The advantages are that it would help get people involved and interested.
A: But I think the problem with a debate is that it doesn't really hit home. People will
learn more about world hunger, that's true. I have a feeling that very few people will
actually be motivated to do anything about world hunger through a debate.
B: My view is that we should have a World Food Day Sunday Dinner.
C: What is that
B: Well, everyone buys tickets to eat a dinner, and the price of the tickets is the same. But
when they buy the tickets they have to draw their tickets at random. Some people get
tickets to eat like a poor person—just a small bowl of rice. Others get tickets to eat like
an average person—noodles with meat, perhaps. Finally, others get tickets to eat like a
king—roast duck and all sorts of sweets.
C: Without doubt, that is the craziest thing I've ever heard.
B: No, no. I don't think it's crazy at all.
A: What's the purpose of such a meal
B: In real life, how well a person eats is really just a matter of luck. If you are born in a
wealthy country, you probably eat well and might even be fat! But if you are born in a
poor country, you might just starve!
A: I believe that you might be onto something. But who's going to cook the food
…
Now can you tell us exactly what the FAO is
And what can we do for the hungery people in the world
