(共43张PPT)
Unit 4
Period 1
Reading and Thinking (1)
Understand body language
新 课 导 入
Look and discuss
※ What might the people be doing in the photos
※ What do you think they might be feeling
1.通过阅读有关肢体语言的语篇，理解描述这些行为特征的
语言特点，掌握描述肢体语言的基本方法；
2.能学习并掌握词性转化以及本课时的重点词汇。
课 堂 学 习
Pre-reading
What I hide by my language, my body utters.
—Roland Barthes
我用语言隐藏的，我的身体会说出来。
—罗兰·巴特
So body language is more powerful than spoken language.
Choose five sentences and act them out without speaking. Can your partner guess what you are trying to communicate
1
Hello! Goodbye! Come here! Go away!
Too expensive! I 'm surprised! I'm tired. I'm confused.
OK! Good luck! I'm happy! I'm upset!
I'm sad! I forgot! You' re great!
Look at the title and picture. Predict what the text is about.
Body language
While-reading
Para.1 A. Body language varies in different cultures.
Para.2 B. Body language can show our feelings.
Para.3 C. The gestures for “yes” and “no” are different.
Para.4 D. The different meanings of “OK”.
Para.5 E. Smiling has many different uses.
Para.6 F. Some gestures with the same meaning
Match each paragraph with its main idea.
1. Can you guess the meaning of the word “interaction” according
to the context
2. What is the function of the last sentence in para.1
Read the Para.1 and answer the questions.
Communication
Transitional sentence(过渡句)
Make inferences 推断
Sometimes a passage does not say something directly. However, you can figure it out by looking at the clues in the passage.
Read the Para.2 to Para.5 carefully and fill in the table.
Body language/Gesture Meaning Country/Region
Eye contact between men and women not polite Middle East
Looking down when talking to someone
OK sign
A sign of respect
Japan
Money
Japan
Zero
France
Not polite
Brazil and Germany
Body language/Gesture Meaning Country/Region
Kissing on the cheek
Placing your hands together and resting them on the side of your head while closing your eyes
Moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal
A greeting
France and Russia
I’m sleepy.
Most places
I’m full.
Read the text again, and then discuss these questions.
3
1. How is the body language mentioned in the text interpreted in China
Some are the same in China. For example, the gesture for putting hands together and resting them on the side of your head means sleeping.
Post-reading
2. Can you think of an example of body language that is appropriate in
China but might be misunderstood in another culture
3. What advice on body language can you give a foreign friend on
his/her first trip to China
Avoiding eye contact and lowering one's head may mean respect and being shy in China, whereas in some other countries this body language may be interpreted as being rude.
Please pay attention to the social distance, which is different in China and in the West.
Enjoyment
Smile Trial
Discuss the questions in groups.
1. Smiles can be used to hide feelings like anger, fear, or worry. Can you describe a situation where you might smile when you don't mean it
Sometimes I smile when I am impatient, but I know I shouldn't be. For example, if I am riding a train and a baby starts crying, I may try to smile, because even though the baby's crying is annoying, I know that it is not the baby's fault and there is probably nothing that can be done.
2. Apart from fake smiles, is there any other kind of body language that
can sometimes be fake
There are “crocodile tears”. This is when a person fakes feeling sad or sympathetic for another person. (The phrase comes from an old story that crocodiles cry while they are eating, as though they feel sad for their victim.)
3. Which is a more reliable guide for understanding someone's feelings, their
body language or the words they speak
Their body language is much more reliable than the words they say, because most people have trouble hiding their anger, disappointment, or irritation.
人教 选择性必修第一册
Unit 4
( 英语 )
ENGLISH
Period 1
Reading and Thinking (2)
Build up your vocabulary
Language points
1.【教材原句】Just like spoken language,body language varies from culture to culture.就像口语一样,肢体语言因文化而异。
【词汇精讲】vary vi.(根据情况)变化;改变
【词汇拓展】
various adj. 不同的;各种各样的
variety n. 变化;多样性;种类
vary from...to... 由……到……不等
vary with 随……变化
vary in 在……方面变化
a variety of=varieties of 种种的;各种各样的（修饰可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数;修饰不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。）
【温馨提示】
“a variety of+复数名词”用作主语,谓语要用复数;
“the variety of+复数名词”用作主语,谓语要用单数。表示“……的种类”
2.【教材原句】The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.使用肢体语言时,最重要的是要符合你所处的文化。
【词汇精讲】appropriate adj.合适的;恰当的
【词汇拓展】
be appropriate to/for 适用于;合乎
be appropriate to do sth 做某事是合适的
appropriately adv. 适当地;合适地
It is appropriate that... ……是合适的。(It是形式主语,真正主语为后面的that从句。that从句中要使用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”, should也可以省略。)
(1)It is not appropriate (ask) such personal questions in an interview.
(2)It’s necessary for you to make your child know that you expect him to act (appropriate) toward other people.
to ask
appropriately
3.【教材原句】In other countries,by contrast,eye contact is not always approved of.相反,在另一些国家,眼神交流并不总是被认可。
【词汇精讲】
approve vi. 赞成;同意 vt.批准;通过
【词汇拓展】
approve of sth 赞成/同意某事
approve of (one’s) doing sth 赞成/同意做某事
approval n.批准;认可;赞成
meet with/earn one’s approval 得到某人的赞许
give one’s approval to sth 批准/同意某事
disapprove vi.不赞成;不同意
【温馨提示】
approve表示“赞成;同意”时,是不及物动词,构成approve of短语;
approve表示“批准;通过”时,是及物动词,指正式地或官方批准或通过
4.【教材原句】①In Japan, it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person. 在日本，和年长的人说话时目光向下以表示尊敬。
②Placing your hands together and resting them on the side of your head while closing your eyes means “sleep”. 双手并拢放在头的一侧，同时闭上眼睛表示“睡觉”。
【句式分析】
在以上两个句子中，when talking和while closing都采用了省略的形式。完整的形式是when they are talking和while you are closing。
【归纳拓展】
状语从句的省略是指在时间、条件、比较、让步状语从句中，将从句的主语和be动词一起省略。通常需要具备以下条件：
(1)从句主语与主句主语一致，或从句主语为it；
(2)从句中含有be动词。
e.g.Video games can be a bad influence if (they are) left in the wrong hands.
常用省略结构：
if so如果是这样的话
if not如果不是这样；否则
if necessary如果有必要
if possible如果可能的话
if any如果有的话
if ever如果曾经有的话
5.【教材原句】In Japan,someone who witnesses① another person employing② the gesture might think it means money.
在日本,一个人看到另一个人使用这种手势可能会认为这表示金钱。
①【词汇精讲】witness vt.当场看到;目击;见证 n.目击者;证人
【词汇拓展】
witness sth/that... 目击……
witness to (doing) sth 证实/证明(做)某事
a witness of/to sth 某事的目击者/见证人/证明/证据
用witness的适当形式填空
(1)The police are looking for to the accident.
(2)Recent years the development of the tourist industry.
witnesses
have witnessed
②【词汇精讲】employ vt.使用;应用;雇用
【词汇拓展】
employ sb as/to be... 雇用某人任……(职位)
employ sb to do sth雇用某人做某事
employ oneself in (doing) sth=be employed in (doing) sth 忙于(做)某事
employer n.雇主
employee n.雇员;雇工;受雇者
employment n.雇用;使用;工作;职业
6.【教材原句】Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no” differ around the world.即使我们使用的表示“是”和“否”的手势在世界各地也是不同的。
【词汇精讲】differ vi.相异;不同于
【词汇拓展】
differ from不同于……;和……不同
differ in 在……方面不同
differ with sb on/about/over sth在某事上和某人有分歧/异议
make a difference to...对……有影响/起作用
make no difference (to...) (对……)没有作用或影响
单句语法填空
(1)Humans differ other animals in their ability to speak.
(2)Leaves are found on all kinds of trees,but they differ greatly size and shape.
from
in
7. 【教材原句】By comparison, in Bulgaria and southern Albania, the gestures have the opposite meaning.相比之下，在保加利亚和阿尔巴尼亚南部,这些手势有着相反的含义。
【词汇精讲】by comparison 相比之下；比较起来；通过比较
【词汇拓展】
by/in comparison with… 与……相比较
make a comparison 作比较
compare vt. 比较，对比；将……比作
compare A with B 把A和B进行比较
compare A to B 把A比作B
8. 【教材原句】In countries like France and Russia, people may kiss their friends on the cheek when they meet. 在法国和俄罗斯这样的国家，朋友见面时可能会亲吻脸颊。
【句式分析】
这是一个主从复合句。when they meet是when引导的时间状语从句，主句中kiss sb. on the cheek亲吻某人的面颊。
【归纳拓展】
“及物动词＋sb. ＋介词＋the＋表示身体部位的名称”结构
在该结构中，若身体部位不同，所用介词也不同，其具体用法如下：
拍，打：pat，strike，hit，beat
抓：catch，seize，grasp
拉，牵：pull，take，hold
in＋the＋柔软的部位(如face，eye，leg等)
on＋the＋坚硬的部位(如head，shoulder，back等)
by＋the＋可牵拉的部位(如hand，arm，ear等)
9.【教材原句】Elsewhere,people favour shaking hands,bowing from the waist,or nodding the head when they meet someone else.在其他地区,与别人见面时,人们更喜欢握手、鞠躬或点头。
【词汇精讲】favour vt.较喜欢;选择;有利于 n.帮助;恩惠;赞同
【词汇拓展】
favour doing sth 喜欢做某事
ask sb a favour 请某人帮忙
do sb a favour=do a favour for sb帮某人忙
in favour of 同意;支持;赞成
in one’s favour 有利于某人;对……有利
10. 【教材原句】A smile can break down barriers.微笑可以消除隔阂。
①消除；分解；打破；
②(机器或车辆)坏掉，出故障；
③(讨论、谈判等)失败；
④(健康或精神等方面)垮掉，崩溃
【归纳拓展】
break up 解散；破碎；结束
break through 突破；冲破
break away (from) 脱离；逃脱
break in 强行进入；插话
break into 强行进入(某处)；突然开始(笑、唱等)
break out (战争、火灾等)爆发
11. 【教材原句】And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend. 而且如果我们感到沮丧或孤独，没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。
【句式分析】
这是一个主从复合句。本句使用了“否定词＋比较级”结构，否定词nothing与比较级better连用，表示最高级含义。常用的否定词有no，not，never，nothing，nobody，hardly等
(2)最高级意义的多种表达法：
①否定词＋形容词/副词比较级(＋than)
②否定词＋so/as＋形容词/副词原级＋as
all the other+名词复数
tthe other+名词复数
③比较级+than+ any other+名词单数
any of the other+名词复数
anything/anyone else
12. 【教材原句】Can you describe a situation where you might smile when you don’t mean it
你能描述一个你可能不是真心微笑的情况吗？
【句式分析】
这是一个主从复合句。主句是Can you describe a situation，后面是where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词situation。
【归纳拓展】
当先行词为表示抽象地点的名词，如point，situation，case，stage，condition，scene，activity，position，site，spot等，后接定语从句时，若关系词在从句中作状语，需用关系副词where引导。
e.g.He got into a situation where it was hard to tell what was right and wrong. 他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。
【温馨提示】
(1)关系副词where引导定语从句时，可用“介词＋关系代词”替换。
e.g.They need an activity where (＝in which) they can learn to cooperate with each other.
他们需要一项他们能够学习彼此合作的活动。
(2)表示抽象地点的名词后接定语从句时，如果关系词在从句中不作状语，而是作宾语或主语等，则关系词不能用where，而要用that/which。
e.g.Remember that there is still one point that/which we must make clear at the conference tomorrow.
记住在明天的会议上我们还有一点必须弄清楚。(that/which作宾语)
1
Fill in the table with different forms of the words. Refer to a dictionary if necessary.
None Verb Adjective Adverb
differ
vary
rely
interact
approve
embarrass
difference
different
differently
variety
various
variously
reliability
reliable
reliably
interaction
interactive
interactively
approval
embarrassment
embarrassed
embarrassing
approved
embarrassingly
approvingly
Affixation
Affixation falls into two forms, adding prefixes or suffixes. Most
of prefixes can change the meaning of words, but many suffixes can change the part of the speech. We will add some suffixes to change the part of the speech.
Noun suffix
动词＋ ion/ tion/ ation/ sion(表示动作或动作过程)
动词＋ ment(表示行为状态、过程、手段或结果)
correct→ expect→
consider→ conclude→
punish→ achieve→
correction
expectation
consideration
conclusion
punishment
achievement
动词＋ ance/ ence
perform→ prefer→
performance
preference
动词＋ ure/ ture
fail→ mix→
failure
mixture
动词＋ al→名词
arrive→
arrival
Adjective suffix
动词＋ ive
动词/名词＋ able/ ible “可以（被）…的, 适合…的”等。
act→ instruct→
accept→ access→
名词＋ ous
danger→ mountain→
active
instructive
acceptable
accessible
dangerous
mountainous
Adverb suffix
直接加 ly(表示以某种方式)
以辅音字母加y结尾的单词，改y为i，加 ly
slow→ extreme→
happy→ merry→
去e加 ly
true→
slowly
extremely
happily
merrily
truly
以le结尾的形容词去e加 y
simple→ gentle→
simply
gently
形容词转化为副词的一般规律
[即学即练] 单句语法填空。
1. Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we
were going to win, but to my ______ (disappoint) we were
defeated．
2. In tonight's Easter special, they come to the aid of a family in need of
some delicious ________ (inspire) on a budget．
disappointment
inspiration
2
Work out the meaning of the underlined words in the sentences below.
1. I rest my head on the desk to get some rest.
2. The child displayed great interest in the huge fireworks display.
3. Most students favour the plan, while their teachers are not in favour of it.
4. Jeremy witnessed the whole incident and was expected to be the key witness at the trial.
5. His lack of eye contact when talking with people shows that he lacks confidence.
6. When he noticed a slight frown on his twin sister's face，he frowned as well.
vt 使依靠
n 休息
vt 展示，显露
n 展览，展示
vt 支持
n 支持，恩惠
vt 目睹，见证
n 证人
n 缺乏
vt 缺乏
n 皱眉
v 皱眉头
In pairs, list more words of the same kind.
question
The question that a boiled egg can hatch a chicken is worth questioning.
bridge
If the bridge between us and elephants were bridged early, they wouldn’t leave their home to the north.
n. 问题
vt. 怀疑；探讨；询问
n. 桥梁
vt. 架桥
3
Read the passage about body language. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box.
by contrast by comparison break down interaction demonstrate approve of clue gesture
When we think about nonverbal behaviour, or body language, we think about communication. When we think about communication, we think about . So what is our body language to others Social scientists have spent a lot of time looking at the effects of our body language. We make assessments and inferences from body language. And according to those judgements we one person and dislike another. So body language provides external that are influenced by
approve of
demonstrating
interaction
clues
internal thoughts and feelings. Scientists have found that when we feel proud and powerful, we usually straighten up to make ourselves bigger.
, when we feel powerless, we tend to slump, making ourselves smaller. It is obvious that our minds can influence our bodies. But is it also true that our bodies can affect our minds Scientific experiments show that if we make powerful long enough, we may actually feel more powerful. People who remember to use positive body language are more likely to feel positive , so some scientists suggest that we use our bodies to try power posing to help our feelings of shyness and powerlessness.
By contrast
gestures
by comparison
break down
Can you show more body language now (共26张PPT)
Unit 4
Period 5
Assessing Your Progress
新 课 导 入
Review
Say the meaning of these words or phrases as quickly as possible!
ultimately
clarify
embarrassed
distinguish
interaction
in other words
call on
adjust
bother
by comparison
conflict
imply
occupy
1.通过练习巩固动词-ing形式做宾语和表语的用法以及本单元的重
点词汇；
2.通过学会制作肢体语言信息单，能提醒学生正确理解和运用肢
体语言，以达到良好的交际效果；
3.通过观看卓别林的无声电影《移民》片段，能引导学生注意影
片中的肢体语言，关注“移民”的文化属性。
课 堂 学 习
How important is body language Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box to find out.
1
crucial, perceive, lack, component,
demonstrate, interact, stare at, embarrassment
There are three __________ in any face-to-face communication words, tone of voice, and body language. It is said that most of what we communicate with others is nonverbal. So when __________ with people, __________ the message conveyed by body language is _______. You cannot succeed in business and social encounters if you employ inappropriate body language. For example, __________ someone too long can be interpreted as a threat, standing too close may cause _____________ and uneasiness, and touching your neck when talking to others probably _____________ that you feel nervous and ______ confidence. Sometimes body language speaks louder than words.
components
interacting
perceiving
crucial
staring at
embarrassment
demonstrates
lack
n.语气;腔调;口吻
Decide whether each verb in its -ing form functions as a subject (S), object (O), predicative (P), or attribute (A).
2
1. Seeing is believing.
2. A man cannot be robbed of his learning.
3. Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.
4. After staying in the sleeping bag the whole night, I really needed to
stretch my legs.
5. You should have been more careful. She started coughing and
sneezing yesterday.
S
P
O
S
O
O
A
O
O
6. One may agree that in a conversation, listening is as powerful as
loving.
7. After a long day she looked forward to putting her feet up with a
nice cup of tea.
8. Isabella really put her back into learning Chinese. She wants to
start living in China in two or three months.
9. Fishing in troubled waters may cause even more problems.
S
O
O
O
O
S
Summary
动词-ing形式在句中可充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语等成分。
一、动词-ing形式作宾语
1. 有些动词后常跟动词-ing形式作宾语，常见的这类动词有：admit, allow, appreciate, avoid, enjoy, consider, dislike, deny, mind, miss, finish, keep, imagine, risk, practice, suggest等。
2. 介词后可接动词-ing形式作宾语。
二、动词-ing形式作表语
动词-ing形式作表语可说明主语“是什么”，主语与表语常可互换。
三、动词-ing形式作定语
动词-ing形式在句中可用作定语。其逻辑主语并不是它所修饰的名词。
※ Project: Make a body language information sheet
In groups, brainstorm a list of different kinds of body language. Use the information from the unit, your own experience and knowledge, and/or the website excerpt below.
1
1. Standing with one’s hands on one’s hips shows that a person is angry in
many cultures, such as Malaysia, Argentina, and Mexico.
2. Many Mexicans like to touch people on the arm. This shows that they
want to be friendly.
3. When communicating with someone from Tanzania or Kenya, do not use
your left hand when giving or receiving things like a business card or gift.
4. In Vietnamese culture, the head is considered the most important part of
the body. Only parents or an important person can touch your head.
5. If a Lebanese person stands close to you, do not feel that they are
entering your personal space. Personal space is relatively smaller in
Lebanon and many other places.
6. In Korean culture, one must be careful not to show too much emotion
through facial expressions, except in very casual situations. Koreans may
tend to distrust people who use exaggerated facial expressions, or may
misunderstand what those facial expressions mean.
7. People of Puerto Rico move their noses to say, “What’s going on here ”
Give more examples
※ In English speaking country, it is improper to staring at the others or too long.
※ In China, host use smile to welcome their guests, while the Indian of American
use cry to welcome their guest.
※ It is polite to close your mouth when you are eating food in American and Japan,
while it is polite to open your mouth and chew in India.
Based on your list, research online to discover what the same kinds of body language mean in different cultures.
Each group should come up with its own body language information sheet like the example below. Drawing and/or photos can be added to show what the different forms of body language look like.
3
Body language Meaning
Moving the hand in circles over the stomach after a meal. Almost everywhere: I’m full.
The “OK” sign. Japan: money
France: zero
Brazil and Germany: not polite
China: agree
Placing your hands together and resting them on the side of your head while closing your eyes
Sleep
Body language Meaning
Raise thumb
China: good, great
America: want to take a car
Wave hands
America: goodbye
South Africa: welcome
Spin your fingers near head
China: think over
America and Brazil: crazy
Touch the baby’s head
China: like
America: dislike
Present your information sheet to the class, and then vote on the best one.
※ Video Time
The Immigrant
In the film The Immigrant, Charlie Chaplin acts as an immigrant who is unused to life in a different country.
Before you watch
Look at the photos from the film The Immigrant and discuss the questions.
1. What do you think these characters’ body language and
expressions mean
The captain of the ship has his body sideways while looking straight ahead, with his left arm stretched out and leaning(倚靠) on a railing(栏杆). His eyes seem to be suspicious(怀疑的) of someone or something. He is looking at the person or situation with full concentration.
The main character played by Charlie Chaplin has his hands to his side and has his jacket at the shoulder held by the captain of the ship. He looks as if he has been caught doing wrong and has stiff(僵硬的) body language to show how helpless he is. It seems that he is looking at the woman for help. The captain is using his other hand to point downward at the woman. He seems to be suggesting something is wrong, and that perhaps Chaplin has done something to the woman such as stolen her purse. The woman is looking towards the captain with her fingers interlocked(交叉的) and a wide-eyed expression. It seems like she is trying to appear innocent(清白的).
Chaplin and the woman are looking at each other with a big smile. Chaplin has his hands behind his back showing he is calm and relaxed. The woman has her head to the side and hands up pointing towards him. I think they are friendly towards each other and feel happy.
The waiter is looking at Chaplin with an annoyed facial expression. He is standing up and looking down at him, with his thumb up. I think he is telling Chaplin to leave the restaurant, and has the authority(职权) to do so. Chaplin is sitting down, and looking up at him with wide eyes and a closed mouth. It seems to show he is helpless. The man beside Chaplin is hungrily looking down at his spoon with the soup he is about to eat.
The woman is sitting down with her hand up to the side of her face, and resting her cheek on it. She looks worried or concerned about something, and is giving it much thought.
Chaplin looks like he is eating something that is not very good, and his eyes have rolled back and his mouth is open to show disgust. The man next to him looks confused yet intrigued(感兴趣的) at how Chaplin is reacting, because his body is slightly(轻微地) turned toward him and his eyes are concentrating on him.
2. What do you think the story of this film is
Perhaps it is about a man wanted by the police. He meets and falls in love with a woman on a ship. Then he goes to a restaurant, where his strange actions cause trouble.
While you watch
Think about the answers to these questions.
1. Why does Chaplin keep putting money into the woman’s pocket
and taking it out
He wants to give her some money, but cannot decide if he wants to give her all of his money, or keep some of the money for himself.
2. Where does Chaplin get the money to eat at the restaurant
He finds a coin on the ground.
3. Why does the waiter become angry with Chaplin
4. Why does the man sitting next to Chaplin become angry with him
5. Can Chaplin pay the restaurant bill in the end
Because of Chaplin’s sloppy(邋遢的) eating habits.
We don’t know from the video clip.
Because Chaplin has not taken off his hat.
After you watch
Work in groups. Finish the following activities.
1. Write a script, assign roles, and “dub” the scene.
2. Discuss if the film is better dubbed or silent.
3. Discuss what you think will happen next in the film.
REFLECTING
Which body language in this unit do you use most often Does it have
the same meaning as in the text
What do you think you could do to communicate better with other people
Do you think you will be able to tell more from reading others’ body
language from now on
What problems did you or your friends have in studying this unit How
did you solve them What advice did you give each other
Overall, I thought this unit was ◎interesting ◎useful ◎so-so ◎difficult.(共32张PPT)
Unit 4
Period 4
Using Language (Ⅱ)
Describe classroom body language
新 课 导 入
◆ Is body language used in the classroom
1.能通过阅读语篇对课堂上的肢体语言有更好的理解；
2.能够以书面表达的形式生动地描述某人的肢体语言习惯。
课 堂 学 习
Reading
Read the passage quickly and summarise the main idea.
The passage mainly tells us that teachers can observe students’ body language to adjust their teaching activities.
Draw the mind map to show its structure.
Introduction (Para. 1 and Para. 2)
Recognize when students are interested or bored (Para. 3)
Recognize when students
are distracted (Para. 4)
Distinguish when students are troubled (Para. 5)
Conclusion: Reacting properly is important (Para. 6)
Choose True or False.
1. If a student has his head lowered to look at his
watch, it implies he is interested in the class.
2. It is easy for a teacher to recognise when students
are interested in a lesson by body language.
3. How to react to body language is neceaasry for
a teacher.
4. Students’ body language lets the teacher know
when to adjust class activities.
5. The passage mainly tells us that the teacher
usually knows their students by body language.
F
T
T
T
T
Look at the questions. Then read the text on page 44 and try to answer them.
1
1. How does the teacher know what students are thinking
By looking at their body language.
2. According to the teacher, what is some students' favourite activity
Daydreaming.
3. What does the phrase “who knows what” mean
It is impossible to tell (what they are interested in).
4. Why does the teacher think body language is important
Students’ body language lets the teacher know when to adjust class activities,
when to intervene, and when to talk to students individually, so they can all
get the most out of school.
Match the body language with the meanings. Write the letters A—J on the lines.
2
_____ 1 Looking up and making eye contact A very interested
_____ 2 Leaning over to look at one’s watch B bored
_____ 3 Two friends leaning heads together C interested
_____ 4 Leaning forward and looking at the teacher D sad or worried
_____ 5 Looking up, but no eye contact, no expression E distracted
_____ 6 Looking away F writing notes
_____ 7 Chin on hand, looking out the window G serious problems
_____ 8 Looking down, arms or legs crossed H like they are asleep
_____ 9 Frowning I daydreaming
_____ 10 Hair not brushed, red eyes J angry, afraid, or experiencing anxiety
C
B
F
A
H
E
I
J
D
G
Look at the following photos. In groups, discuss what these people are doing and what their body language is telling you.
3
The teacher is pointing at the boy, who is looking up with a serious expression on his face as if the teacher is scolding him for something. At the same time, the girl in the back of the photo is hiding her mouth with her hand and maybe she is smiling at the scolded boy.
The boy is giving a fist pump and smiling. This is normally done when someone has just accomplished something good and wants to celebrate. Or maybe he is a super student who is inspiring his classmates.
The boy is telling a joke to the girl in secret, and she is hiding her face to hold up the truth that she is laughing.
1.【教材原句】It is easy to recognise when students are interested in a lesson.当学生对课程感兴趣时,很容易就能识别出来。
【句式剖析】
本句为复合句，when引导的是宾语从句，做recognise的宾语，主句为“It is+adj.+to do sth.”句型，其中It为形式主语，而不定式短语to do sth.为真正的主语。
【归纳总结】
该句型可以拓展为两种形式：
(1)It is+adj.+(for sb.)to do sth.意为“（对某人来说）做某事是……的”，此句型中的形容词是修饰某件事而不是修饰人的，常见的形容词有difficult, easy, hard, important, necessary, possible 等。
(2)It is+adj.+(of sb.)to do sth.意为“（某人）做某事是……的”，此句型中的形容词是修饰人而不是修饰某件事的，常见的形容词有kind,brave, clever, stupid, nice, good, silly, careful, naughty等。
Language points
2.【教材原句】People have a tendency to lean towards whatever they are interested in. 人们往往会向他们感兴趣的任何东西倾斜。
【词汇精讲】
tendency n.趋势;倾向
【词汇拓展】
have a tendency to do sth 倾向于做某事;往往会做某事
have a tendency to/towards sth 有……倾向
tend vi.趋向;倾向
tend to do sth 倾向做某事
完成句子
(1)他的朋友汤姆有爱夸张的倾向。
His friend Tom _______________exaggerate things.
has a tendency to
3. 【教材原句】So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch, it implies he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end.
所以，如果一个学生低着头看表，这意味着他很无聊，只是数着下课的时间。
【句式剖析】
本句是一个含有条件状语从句和宾语从句的主从复合句。if引导的条件状语从句中“has his head lowered”为“have+宾语+宾补”结构，his head与lower之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词做宾补。
【归纳总结】
"have sth.done"结构。该结构中have为使役动词，意为“使，让”，该结构可表示以下两种意义：
(1)使某事被做
e.g.We're having our car repaired.我们的车正在被修理。
(2)蒙受（他人所为的后果）(此事违背主语的意愿）
e.g.He had his leg injured in the accident.他的腿在这场事故中受伤了。
4.【教材原句】It is as though they are asleep with their eyes open.好像他们睁着眼睛睡觉。
【词汇精讲】
as though好像;好比;仿佛
【归纳总结】
(1)引导表语从句,常置于系动词look,seem,sound等之后。
e.g.This time it looks as if we’re really going to get somewhere.
(2)引导方式状语从句,用来修饰主句的谓语。
e.g.Eliza stood up as if/though she wanted to leave.
【温馨提示】
①在as though/if所引导的表语从句和方式状语从句中,若从句所表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的,从句要用陈述语气。
若说话人所陈述的是不真实或极不可能发生或不存在的情况时,从句要用虚拟语气。
as though/if引导虚拟语气时的动词时态:
②当as if/as though引导的从句的主语与主句的主语一致,且从句谓语中又含有be动词时,从句主语和be动词可省略。
e.g.She left the room hurriedly as if(she was)angry.
判断条件 从句的时态
对现在的虚拟 一般过去时（系动词be用were）
对过去的虚拟 过去完成时（had done）
对将来的虚拟 过去将来时（would do）
5.【教材原句】With their chins on their hands,they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling.他们托着下巴,全神贯注地盯着窗外或天花板。
【词汇精讲】
occupy vt.占据;占用
【词汇拓展】
occupy oneself with/in doing sth 忙于做某事;专心于做某事
occupied adj. 忙于……的;使用中的
be occupied (in) doing sth 忙于做某事
be occupied with sth 从事/忙于某事
occupation n. 占领;职业;工作
单句语法填空
(1)I have been so occupied work that I haven’t had time for social activities.
with
6.【教材原句】While① it is easy to perceive when students are interested, bored,or distracted,it is sometimes much harder to distinguish② when students are troubled.尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的,但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。
①【句式剖析】
本句是一个复合句。it is sometimes much harder...是主句,while引导的是让步状语从句,两个when引导的是都是宾语从句。
while 引导让步状语从句时,相当于although或though，意为“虽然,尽管”,从句一般位于句首,且用正常语序。
e.g.While I see what you say,I can't agree with you.
【温馨提示】
while做连词时的其他用法:
(1)做从属连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“当……的时候,与……同时。从句中的谓语动词应用延续性动词或表示状态的词。
e.g.While the discussion was still going on,George came in.
(2)做并列连词,意为“而,然而”,表对比关系,而非转折关系。
e.g.I like playing football while my brother likes to play basketball.
【易混辨析】
although,though,as 也可引导让步状语从句,但用法不同:
①although 多用于句首,且从句不用倒装语序。
②though 引导的让步状语从句可以倒装也可以不倒装。用倒装语序时,做表语的名词或形容词要提前。
③as引导的让步状语从句必须用倒装语序,即把做表语的形容词、名词,做状语的副词或做谓语的实义动词提到句首,如果是单数名词做表语,把它提到句首时,其前不用冠词。
②【词汇精讲】
distinguish vt.& vi.区分;辨别
【词汇拓展】
distinguish between A and B 区分A和B
distinguish...from... 把……与……区分开来
distinguish oneself as 作为……而出名
distinguished adj. 卓越的;著名的;杰出的
be distinguished for... 因……而出名
be distinguished as... 作为……而出名
7.【教材原句】They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed.他们也可能把脸藏在他们的手里,好像他们感到尴尬或羞愧。
【词汇精讲】
embarrassed adj.难堪的;尴尬的
【词汇拓展】
be/feel embarrassed to do sth 对做某事感到尴尬
be/feel embarrassed about/at sth 对……感到难为情/不知所措
embarrass vt.使难堪;使局促不安
embarrassing adj.使人尴尬的;令人难堪的
embarrassment n.困窘;难堪
单句语法填空
(1)He was (embarrass) about the unexpected question then.
(2)And most people don’t dance,because they fear (embarrass).
embarrassed
embarrassment
8.【教材原句】Some students act this way merely because they are afraid of being called on by the teacher.有些学生这副模样,只是因为他们害怕老师提问。
【词汇精讲】
call on(短暂地)访问;要求(某人讲话);正式邀请
【词汇拓展】
call at 拜访(某地)
call (sb) back 召唤某人回来;回电话
call for 要求;需要
call in 请来;召集
call off 取消
单句语法填空
(1)Don’t let anything your attention from your studies.
call off
9.【教材原句】However,if a student does not bother to brush her hair and her eyes are red from weeping,then I can infer that there are deeper issues at work.
但是,要是学生都懒得梳头,并且两眼因哭泣而发红,那么我能够推断她遇到了更严重的问题。
【词汇精讲】
bother vt.& vi.费心;麻烦;因……而操心 n.麻烦;不便
【词汇拓展】
bother to do/doing sth 操心/费心做某事
bother sb with sth 用某事打扰某人
bother sb to do sth 麻烦某人做某事
It bothers sb that/to do sth.使某人苦恼的是……
10.【教材原句】Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities,when to intervene,and when to talk to students individually...
他们的肢体语言让我知道什么时候调整课堂活动,什么时候干预,什么时候单独与学生交谈……
【词汇精讲】
adjust vt.调整;调节 vi.& vt.适应;(使)习惯
【词汇拓展】
adjust...to (doing) sth调整……以适应(做)某事
adjust oneself to 使自己适应于……
adjustment n. 调整;调节;适应
make an adjustment to 对……做出调整
adjustable adj.可调整的
Writing
4
Draw someone you know. Show his/her body language in your drawing.
Write a passage to describe the body language of the person in your drawing, and explain what his/her body language tells us.
如何描述肢体语言
写作指导
介绍性说明文
介绍性说明文是根据某种特定的需要，对事物的性质、特点、功能做出客观、科学的解释，从而给人知识或传播信息的一种文体。它主要运用说明的表达方式，向别人介绍清楚事物是怎么样的。对被介绍对象起解释、阐述的作用。
Write an introduction of Body language.
明确体裁话题
确定时态人称
布局文章架构
列出核心要点
首段：简要描述这种肢体语言。
中段：用1—2个相关事例进行具体描述。
尾段：适当总结。
描述某些肢体语言。
文体：说明文
一般现在时、第三人称
1.从动作、神态方面描述肢体语言的具体特征。
2.描写这种肢体语言出现的场合和含义等。
Tips
eyes
mouth
hand …
look up
make eye contract
with smile in ones eyes
grin from ear to ear
mouth closed
chin on hand
hug …tightly with one’s hands
mouth closed
6
Exchange your draft with a partner.
1. Use the checklist to help you review your partner s draft.
Is the person properly identified
Is the description clear
Does the writer give his/her impressions of the feelings and
personality of the person in the drawing, and also explain
why he/she has these impressions
Does the writer use correct grammar, punctuation, and spelling
2. Take your draft back and revise it.
7
Share your drawing and description with the rest of the class.
Sample Writing
The beautiful mother hugs her baby tightly and softly, grinning from ear to ear. It looks as if they notice a funny thing or they may be taking photos. Seeing the sight, you can feel a burst of mother’s love.
Now do you know how to describe someone's body language vividly in written form (共19张PPT)
Unit 4
Period 3
Using Language (I)
Explore body language
新 课 导 入
◆ Look at the following facial expressions and guess their
meanings.
◆ How do you feel today
1.能通过在听力语篇中运用推理策略正确判断说话人的关
系、对话发生的场景、说话人的真实意图等；
2.在口头交流中能运用澄清和要求澄清的口语策略完成有效交谈并学会用肢体语言来表达自己。
课 堂 学 习
Pre-listening
Look at the photos and discuss what you think each person is communicating.
1
frown (皱眉), tightly shut eyes, tight-lipped
※ He could be in great pain.
※ He could be upset.
fingers crossed, eyes closed, lips shut
※ He could be hoping for good luck.
※ He could be praying for blessings.
smile, hug, American Sign Language (hand gesture for love）
※ The woman could be using American Sign
Language, meaning “I love you”.
※ The woman in the photo may be either
deaf or be communicating with her husband
who is deaf.
smile, hold hands tightly
※ The two children seem quite happy.
※ Perhaps they have just won a table tennis
match.
Discuss when and where people need to use body language to communicate effectively.
2
when
when
when
where
can’t speak
can’t hear well
not convenient
...
Listen to a conversation about body language. Then answer the following questions.
3
While-listening
From an action movie.
2. What did the police leader tell his team by using gestures
He used gestures to tell them how many bad guys were in the house. Then he gave instructions on who should go where, and what they should do.
1. How did the man get the idea of using gestures to communicate
She said that right now they’re learning how to use body language to express themselves.
4. What did the man mean by saying "It's good you tried" at the end of the conversation
He meant that even though she wasn’t very good at it, her experience was still worthwhile.
3. What did the woman say about the acting classes that she's been taking
Listen to the conversation again. Are the following statements correct inferences from the conversation
4
Infer meaning
Sometimes things are not said directly, and so you must guess the meaning, relationship of the people, or context.
You can do this by:
drawing conclusions from the background information you already have.
looking at clues that tell you the context.
using logic to work out the meaning.
1. The two speakers are married.
2. Making too many gestures in communication is not polite.
3. The police team were probably successful in catching the criminals.
4. Both speakers think body language is useful.
5. The woman is not very confident about her silent acting ability.
F
F
T
T
T
Act out a scene using only body language to communicate. You may follow these steps to complete your performance.
5
Post-listening
1. Form into groups of four. One of you is the performer, and the others are
observers.
2. The performer writes down a situation and some messages to convey through
body language.
3. The performer acts out the scene and the observers individually write down
their thoughts without talking to anyone else.
4. The actor reveals the situation and messages, and the group compares notes.
Use the table below to clarify any misunderstanding or different answers.
Asking for and giving clarification
What did you mean by … In other words …
So you mean … What I meant was …
So did that mean … What I was trying to say was …
What I don’t quite understand is … Does that make sense
Could you explain … Is that clear
Could you give me an example I can tell that …
reveal vt. 揭示；显示；露出
Eg: The actor reveals the situation and messages,and the group compares notes.表演者揭示情况和信息,小组成员交换意见。
Key points
[归纳拓展]
reveal that... 揭示……；透露……
reveal oneself as/to be 显示自己是
revealing adj. 发人深省的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
1. Her biography _________(reveal) that she was not as rich as
everyone thought.
2. He laughed, _________(reveal) a line of white teeth.
revealed
revealing
in other words 换句话说；也就是说
Eg: In other words... 换句话说……
[归纳拓展]
word comes/came that… 有消息传来说......
in a word 总之；简言之
keep one's word 遵守诺言
break one's word 失信；不守诺言
have a word with... 与……谈一谈
have words with... 与……争吵
[即学即练] 完成句子
1. ___________, practice is far more important than book knowledge.
一句话,实践远比书本知识重要。
2. He promised that he would _____________, and so he did.
他向我保证会信守诺言，他做到了。
In a word
keep his word
Have you learned how to express yourself with body language now (共19张PPT)
Unit 4
Period 2
Discover Useful Structures
新 课 导 入
Look at the following pictures and complete the sentences using v-ing form.
Mary enjoys _______.
Jane practises ______.
Mike’s job is _______.
listening to music
playing the piano
teaching maths
1.能学习并掌握动词-ing形式作宾语和表语的用法；
2.能学会使用动词-ing形式进行正确表达。
课 堂 学 习
Look at the examples below, paying attention to the italicised parts.
1
1.She enjoys learning about body language in different cultures.
2.The crucial thing is using body language in a way…
'V+ing' is used as an object.
'V+ing' is used as predicative.
Find other examples from the reading text.
1. However, you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and
Germany, as it is not considered polite.
2. Elsewhere, people favour shaking hands, bowing from the waist, or
nodding the head when they meet someone else.
3. A good way of saying “I am full” is moving your hand in circles
over your stomach after a meal.
4. Perhaps the best example is smiling.
动词-ing形式作宾语和表语
一、动词-ing形式作宾语
1. 有些及物动词只跟动词-ing作宾语
Eg:
I suggest having a balanced diet to keep healthy.
我建议为了健康要饮食均衡。
I can't imagine working under such conditions.
我想象不出在这样的环境下工作是什么情形。
常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词的记忆口诀
避免错过少延期 avoid，miss，postpone
建议完成多练习 suggest，finish，practise
喜欢想象禁不住 enjoy，imagine，can't help
承认否定与嫉妒 admit，deny，envy
逃避冒险莫原谅 escape，risk，excuse
忍受保持不介意 stand，keep，mind
后跟动词-ing作宾语，其中带有to的词组中to均为介词
feel like insist on
give up look forward to
be used to lead to
devote... to stick to
get down to object to
pay attention to
Attention
2. 英语中有些动词接动词不定式和动名词作宾语区别不大。
常见的有：continue, prefer, begin, hate, like, start, love等。
Eg:
The company continued to lower/lowering the price of its production.
这个公司继续降低公司产品的价格。
3.有些动词既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语，但意义不同。
【即学活用】单句语法填空
1. I like what they are to people, and I enjoy ________(bring) things back.
2. After _________(become) an important part of many British streets, the
phone boxes began disappearing in the 1980s.
3. People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to _______(live) at high
altitudes.
bringing
becoming
living
二、动词-ing形式作表语
1.动名词（短语）作表语是用来说明主语的内容，表示
抽象的一般性行为，并且与主语通常是同一概念。
Eg:
Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.
= Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job.
她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。
2. 现在分词作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，说明主语的性
质、特征等。
Eg:
Your speech is very interesting and encouraging.
你的演讲很有趣而且很鼓舞人。
作表语的现在分词，许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有：moving, interesting, encouraging, exciting, inspiring, boring, surprising, puzzling, amusing, astonishing等。这类分词有“令人……的”的含义，常修饰物。
Eg: His speech was inspiring and touched my heart.
他的发言鼓舞人心，感人肺腑。
Attention
1. Taking pictures of polar bears is ________(amaze) but also dangerous.
2. It was _________(shock) that he approved of the plan without
hesitation.
3. It was _________(inspire) that Chinese volleyball team won the first
prize.
amazing
shocking
inspiring
【即学活用】单句语法填空
Complete the sentences using the -ing form of the words and phrases in the box. Two are extra. Then state their functions.
2
amuse teach break down call on bow get through assess
1. Bill's job is _________ sign language.
2. The theme of his presentation is ______________ barriers between groups.
3. By ________, we mean “bending our head or body forward as a sign of respect
or shame”.
4. ________________ three kilometres of heavy traffic took me almost 25 minutes.
5. We intended to visit the theme park but ended up __________ Professor Zhang.
teaching
calling on
Getting through
bowing
breaking down
predicative
predicative
object
subject
object of the verb phrase
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box. Can you add more examples to explain how you read body language
3
lie challenge consider individual differences maintain
consider the whole picture evaluate a patient’s condition
Reading body language is not an easy task. It can be ___________ because interpreting the signs that another person shows requires . In this sense, it can be compared to a doctor __________________________.
____________________________ is also key to reading people’s body language accurately. For example, when ______, some people avoid eye contact. By contrast, others may ________ eye contact even longer than usual.
challenging
considering the whole picture
evaluating a patient’s condition
Considering individual differences
lying
maintain
Talk about the body language you can read from the following pictures. Use at least one -ing form for each picture.
4
The man enjoys looking
at himself in the mirror.
The woman shows
her impatience by
looking at her watch.
The boy is frightened,
trying to run away from
the angry dog.
动词-ing
形式
只跟动名词做宾语
作宾语
作表语
不定式和动名词作宾语意义差别不大
不定式和动名词作宾语意义不同
动名词作表语
现在分词作表语
