Unit 1 What's the matter? Section A 讲解2023-2024学年人教版八年级英语下册

八下Unit1
Section A
如何询问病情
What’s the matter (with ...)
What's wrong (with ...)
What 's the trouble (with...)
What happened (to ...)
What’s up？
Is there anything wrong (with…)
Are you OK
如何描述病情
1. 某人+have/has + a/an + 疾病名词 have a cold/fever/cough/nosebleed…
a/an+ 身体部位-ache tooth+ ache = toothache（牙痛）head, stomach, ear, back
a + sore + 身体部位 sore throat，leg, foot, neck, back
2.be/feel +adj. I am sick. I don't feel well. My head feels very hot.
3. 某人+hurt/cut + 反身代词或身体部位 I cut my finger. I hurt myself . I hurt my leg.
身体部位+hurt My leg hurts.
There is something wrong with one’s+部位
I have a pain in my chest.
She has a heart problem.
如何提出建议
情态动词should意为“应当，应该”；否定式为shouldn’t，其后接动词原形，无人称和数的变化。疑问式将should提前，放在主语前面。常用来表示征询意见、建议、劝告、要求或义务等。
should not=shouldn't
What should I do Should I take my temperature Should I put some medicine on it
1.You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息。
2.You shouldn’t drink cold water. 你不应该喝凉水。
3.——Should he see a dentist 他应该去看牙医吗？
——Yes, he should . ——No, he shouldn’t.
matter n.问题；事情 What’s the matter/the trouble/wrong with sb. It doesn’t matter.
no matter who/what/where=whoever/whatever/wherever
2. sore have a sore back/throat/neck
3. have/catch a bad cold感冒 have a cough/fever
4. stomachache n.胃痛；腹痛 headache/toothache/backache/earache have a stomachache胃痛
5. foot n.脚；足 feet on foot 步行 at the foot of在……的底部
6. neck n.颈；脖子 have a sore neck I can’t move my neck.
7. stomach n.胃；腹部 stomachs
8. throat n.咽喉；喉咙 She has a very sore throat.
9. fever n.发烧 have a fever发烧 It doesn’t sound like you have a fever.
10. lie v.躺；平躺 lie-lay-lain（躺）lie down and rest躺下休息 lie-lied-lied(说谎)
n. 谎言tell a lie/tell lies 现在分词都是lying
see sb. lying on the side of the road看见某人正躺在路边
lay 放置，下蛋 lay-laid-laid 现在分词laying
11. rest v.＆ n.放松；休息 have/take a rest go home and get some rest rest for a few days
12. cough v.＆ n.咳嗽 have a cough He coughs day and night.
13. X-ray n.X射线；X光 get an x-ray
14. toothache n.牙痛
15. take one’s temperature量体温
16. headache n.头痛
17. break n.间歇；休息 take breaks/take a break/rest休息
v. break-broke-broken break the rules
18. hurt v.(使)疼痛；受伤 hurt-hurt hurt oneself He hurt his right hand.
My feet hurt when I walk.
Did you hurt yourself playing soccer He hurt himself in P.E. class.
19. passenger n.乘客；旅客 most or all of the passengers大多数或所有的乘客
20. off adv.＆ prep.离开(某处)；不工作；从……去掉 下车 get on/off the bus/train
get into/out of the car/taxi/elevator
He expected most or all of the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus.
expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事
He got off and asked the woman what happened.他下车并问那个妇女发生了什么事
to one’s surprise/joy使……惊讶的 (surprise v. n. surprising/surprised adj.)
To his surprise, they all agreed to go with him. 让他吃惊的是，他们都同意和他一起去。
agree to do sth. 同意做某事
thanks to幸亏，多亏了=because of 因为...... 后面都接短语。 with the help of with one’s help
Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the man was saved by the doctors in time.
多亏了王先生和乘客们，医生及时挽救了老人的生命。 ( on time 准时)
thanks for...因为.....而感谢 +名词/代词/动名词
22. onto prep.向；朝 move …onto… move the man onto the bus把人搬到车上去
get sb. onto the bus
23. trouble n.问题；苦恼 (be) in trouble 处于困境之中
get into trouble造成麻烦/陷入困境 have trouble (in) doing/with sth.做某事有困难
V．使苦恼，打扰 I’m sorry to trouble you.
It’s sad that many people don’t want to help others because they don’t want any trouble.
遗憾的是，很多人不愿意帮助别人，因为他们不想惹麻烦。
24. hit v.(用手或器具)击；打 hit-hit hit sb. on 硬 打在某人的身体部位（头、鼻子、背）上
She hit me on the head/nose/back with a book.
hit sb. in 软 打在某人的身体部位（眼睛、嘴巴、脸、肚子……）上
She hit me in the face/mouth/eye/stomach
right away=at once=right now立即；马上
The old man had a heart problem and needed to go to the hospital right away.
26. get into陷入；参与 get into trouble get into the competition
1c.
She talked too much. 她说话太多了(too much, too many, much too）
drink enough water 喝足够的水 （adj./adv.+enough enough+n.)
2b.
lie down and rest躺下休息
drink some hot tea with honey喝些蜂蜜热茶
see a dentist看牙医
get an X-ray拍X光片
take one's temperature量体温
put some medicine on the cut 在伤口上敷药
2c.
My head feels very hot.我的头摸起来很热。(smell, taste, sound, feel, look)
Maybe you have a fever.或许你发烧了。 (maybe, may be)
2d.
What did you do on the weekend 你周末做什么了？
I played computer games all weekend.我整个周末都在玩电子游戏。
You need to take breaks away from the computer.你需要远离电脑休息。
I sat in the same way for too long without moving.我保持同样的坐姿太久了而没动。
If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a doctor. 如果明天你的头和脖子还疼，就去看医生。
3a.
save an old man 救了一位老人 save one's life 挽救某人的生命
Bus N0. 26 was going along Zhonghua Road when the drive saw an old man lying on the side of the road.当车子行驶在中华路上的时候，司机看到一位老人正躺在路边。
see sb.doing sth.看见某人正在做某事 see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事
without thinking twice 毫不犹豫 think twice 再三考虑；慎重考虑
He told the passengers that he must take the man to the hospital.此句为宾语从句，主句时态是过去式，情态动词must没有过去时态，后面接动词原形。
shout for help 大声呼救 act quickly 快速行动
wait for 等待
The driver didn’t think about himself. He only thought about saving a life.司机没考虑自己，他只想着救人一命。
the driver of bus NO.26 26路公交车的司机