人教版七年级下册Unit 6I'm watching TV.知识点

Unit 6
现在进行时
用法：(1) 表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作；也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。常与now, right now, at the moment等时间状语或动词look, listen等连用。
He is doing his homework now.他正在做作业。
We are preparing for the English test these days.这些天来，我们在为英语考试做准备。
(2) 现在进行时还可以表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作,常与these days, this week, at present等时间状语连用。
(3) 现在进行时还可以表示现在不断发展变化的事情,常与表示渐变的动词get, grow, turn, become等连用。
2.构成
现在进行时由“be(am/is/are)+动词-ing形式”构成,变否定句要在be之后加not;变一般疑问句要将be提到句首。
句子结构:
a. 陈述句: 主语+ be (not) + v.–ing +...
I’m doing some washing. 我正在洗衣服。
否定形式：主语+be+not+doing+其它 They’re not talking. 他们没有在闲聊。
b. 一般疑问句: 把 be 动词放于句首。be + 主语+ v.-ing +...
Is she listening to music 她正在听歌吗？ Are you playing basketball 你们在打篮球吗？
c. 特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词+ be +主语+ v.–ing +...
What are you looking for 你们在找什么呢？
What are they talking about 他们正在谈论什么？
3.时间状语：句中常有now, right now或表示现在情景的look, listen等。
(1)一般在动词原形末尾加-ing。
do→doing watch→watching clean→cleaning eat→eating
read→reading talk→talking sing→singing play→playing
(2)以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e，再加-ing。
write→writing dance→dancing come→coming have→having arrive→arriving
(3)以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写这个字母，再加-ing。
run→running swim→swimming stop→stopping get→getting
(4)以ie结尾的重读开音节的动词,将ie改为y,再加-ing
die → dying lie → lying tie → tying
This is Jenny.这是打电话常用语,相当于“This is Jenny speaking.”页可以说成It's Jenny.
如果问对方，则用Is that sb. /Is that sb.speaking “你是…吗？”或者Who’s that “你是谁？”
打电话时介绍自己用this，询问别人用that
(1)向外拨打电话：May/Could/Can I speak to sb. 我可以和……通话吗？ 让……接电话好吗？
Is that...（speaking) 你是……吗？
(2)接听电话：This is…(speaking).我是……
Who's that (speaking)？你是谁？
Who is speaking 谁在讲话？
This is the wrong number.你打错电话了。
(3)表示线路故障或听不清：
The line's bad.线路不好。
Would you speak up, please 你能大点儿声吗？
(4)其他：Hold on, please. 请等一会儿。
Hold on for a moment/minute. Wait a moment/minute, please.请稍等。
May/Can I take a message 需要我捎个口信吗？
Not much. (口语)没什么大事。= Nothing much
What are you doing, Linda 你在做什么事，琳达？
Not (Nothing) much. I’m just reading a book.没什么大事。我在读一本书。
newspaper n. 报纸 可数名词 read a newspaper 看报纸 a piece of news/paper
在报纸上 in the/a newspaper 晨报/晚报 morning / evening newspapers
She likes collecting old newspapers. 她喜欢收集旧报纸。
use v. 使用；运用 use the computer use sth.使用某物 use sth. to do sth.使用某物做某事
May I use your bike I use a knife to cut meat.
形容词useful，有用的，有益的 a useful book. useless形容词 无用的
拓展：use＆with
use表示用途。I use the pen to write. 我用钢笔写字。
with介词表示方式。I write with a pen. 我用钢笔写字。
soup n. 汤 make soup 做汤
wash v. 洗 wash the dishes wash sth. for sb.
movie n. 电影go to the movies 看电影
go to the cinema go to see a film
I often go to the movies with my classmates on weekends.
just adv. 只是；恰好（be/助动词/情态动词之后，实意动词之前）
That’s just what I wanted. 那正是我所要的I just want to talk to you. She is just a young girl.
拓展：just 还可以作形容词，意为“公正的，正义的，公平的”。
This was a just decision, so everyone accepted it.这是一个公平的决定，所以大家接受它。
eat out 出去吃饭
house n. 房子,也可以指“家” clean the house The old man lived in an old house.
clean up the city parks
拓展：home, family＆house
house指“房屋、住房、住宅”，指家人所居住的建筑物。
We are going to move to the new house. 我们将迁入新房。
family指“家人、家、家庭”，是一种社会意义上的团体，不指住房。
My family are early risers. 我们全家都是早起的人。
home“家”，指家人共同生活的地方，强调家的气氛和环境，是一个带有感彩的名词。
I must go home now.
drink v. 喝；n. 饮料 a cup of tea
（1）drink 可作动词，意为“喝，饮”。如果是不及物动词，有“喝酒”之意。
I want to drink some water. 我想喝些水。
（2）drink作不可数名词，意为“饮料”；作可数名词， 意为“一杯或者一份饮料”。
What kind of drink would you like 你想要什么饮料？ I want three drinks. 我想要3杯饮料。
tea n. 茶；茶叶 drink tea 喝茶
green tea 绿茶 black tea红茶
tomorrow adv. 在明天；yesterday, today
adv. See you tomorrow.
n. 明天；未来 Tomorrow is Teachers’ Day.
pool n. 游泳池；水池 in a pool swimming pool in the swimming pool
Look ! Tom is swimming in the swimming pool
shop n. 商店 go to the shop shopping center购物中心 shopping list 购物单
v. 购物 go shopping/do some shopping 去购物Alice is shopping in the store.
supermarket n. 超市 指自选市场，往往比store，shop 经营规模大，经营时间长。
shop at the supermarket
(1)at / in the supermarket (2)go to the supermarket
15. man n. 男人；人 men woman-women
(1)old men (2) a man teacher 改复数men teachers
(3) a woman doctor women doctors
16. race n. 竞赛 boat races
race 用于体育话题时，主要指赛车、赛跑、游泳等与速度相关的比赛，而game 多指球类、棋类相关的比赛。
relay race 意为“接力赛”，100-metre race 意为“百米赛跑”。
I won the 100-meter race. 我赢了一百米赛跑。
host n. 主人；东道主 his host family 他的寄宿家庭
family 家;家庭。强调“整体”时,是单数；强调“成员”时,是复数。
My family is very large. His family are all teachers.
live (v.) 居住；生活 live in sp. 居住在某地 live with sb. 和某人一起居住
study
（1）study v.学习，研究 第三人称单数为studies。
He studies in a Chinese school. 他在一所中国学校学习。
拓展：study＆learn
1）study 侧重于学习的过程。表示较高深或者周密的“研究”。
He is studying the math problem. 他正在研究这个数学问题。
2）learn 侧重于学习的结果，意为“学会”，用于初级阶段的学习。“learn from sb.”意为“向某人学习”。
He learns English on the radio. 他通过广播学英语。
（2）study n.学习，书房
He went swimming after an hour’s study. 他完成一个小时的研究后去游泳了。
My father is reading newspapers in his study. 我爸爸在书房里看报。
state n. 洲 in the United States 美国；美利坚合众国
the US/the USA
American adj. 美国的;美洲的 an American girl an American family an American car n. 美国人;美洲人 He is an American. 复数句子 They are Americans.
Helen is from America. She is an American girl.
dragon n. 龙 Dragon Boat Festival 端午节
on the Dragon Boat Festival (2) watch dragon boat races
any(1) adj. 任何的 Any student should follow the school rules.
(2) pron. 任何 ,任一Any of us should love our motherland.
some用在肯定句。any用在否定句或疑问句中。表示“一些”
There is some water in the bottle. 变否定句There isn't any water in the bottle.
I have some questions to ask. 变疑问句 Do you have any questions to ask
any other night 任何其他的晚上,“任何一个其他的夜晚”
拓展：any other+单数名词，表同一范围内
Tom runs faster than any other student in his class.
Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.
other adj. 别的 ；其他的；另外一些 ,泛指其他的人或物。 后加可数名词复数(other+ 名词复数)
有时 other + n复数 = others
我们学习数学，语文和一些其他科目。We study maths, Chinese and other subjects.
What other animals do you like What other questions do you have
another （adj.） （三者或者三者以上中的）另外一个 后加可数名词单数
我不喜欢这只钢笔，请给我换一只。I don’t like this pen, please give me another one.
the other （两者中）另一个。 one ... the other .表示“一个…，另一个…”
He lives on the other side of the river.
others 另一些，“其他的人或物”不指代剩余的全部。some...others
Some people like swimming, while others like boating.
the others 其余的人或物，表示一定范围内除去提到的后剩余的全部，相当于the other+可数名词复数
There are thirteen books on the desk. Five are mine,and the others are my mother’s.
拓展：else和other都是形容词，意为“别的；其他的”。但两者用法不同。
（1）else常用于修饰不定代词,疑问代词或疑问副词，也可以修饰all, much, little 等词，修饰这些词时，else要位于其后，作后置定语。
Would you try something else 你要试试别的吗？
Are you going anywhere else 你们另外还要去哪里？
（2）other 作形容词，用以修饰名词或代词，作定语。
Where are the other books 其他的书在哪里？
Do you have any other questions 你还有别的问题吗？
（3）other作代词，可以单独作主语、宾语、表语，其复数形式为others.
Some students are playing under the tree. Others are flying kites over there.一些学生在树下玩，还有一些在那边放风筝。
young adj. 幼小的,年轻的 反： old
Mrs. Smith looks very young. I can be good with young children.
children n. 儿童 young children (1)When is Children’s Day (2) on Children’s Day
26. （1）miss v.怀念. 思念 ，后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
She missed her mother badly. 她非常思念她的母亲。
I missed working with you. 我怀念和你一起工作的时光。
（2）miss v. 错过，没赶上 miss sth.
He arrived too late and missed the train. 他到的太晚，没赶上火车。
I missed the chance to go to college. 我错过了上大学的机会。
（3）miss 的首字母大写，即Miss，意为“小姐，老师”。通常用于未婚女性的姓氏前。Miss. + 姓氏
Miss Li is our English teacher. 李老师是我们的英语老师。
miss sb. 思念某人 miss doing sth. 错过做某事
Zhu Hui misses his family and wishes to have his mom's delicious zongzi.
27. wish (1) v. 希望 后面可接名词、代词或动词。 wish to do希望做某事
I wish to go to the moon one day . I wish (hope) to have a new computer.
(2) n. 祝愿 Best wishes for you. 给你最美好的祝愿
拓展：wish 作动词时的其他常见用法：
（1）wish sb. to do sth. 意为“希望某人做某事”
He wishes us to stay here. 他希望我们留在这儿。
（2）wish sb. sth. 意为“祝愿某人……”，
We wish her a happy birthday. 我们祝她生日快乐。
wish + that从句 意为“但愿……，要是……就好了”，
I wish I were young again. 要是我能返老还童就好了。
delicious adj. 可口的，美味的
(1)它尝起来很美味 It tastes delicious.
(2) 我喜欢吃美味的食物。I like to eat delicious food.
29. still adv. 还.仍然 There is still”no place like home”.
The teacher is still at work in his office. 老师还在办公室里工作。
(3)Lucy’s English grades are very good,but she stills studies hard.
30. living room 客厅in the living room in the bedroom
31. Do you want to join me for dinner 你想跟我一起吃晚饭吗
join sb. for sth.意为“与某人一起做某事；参与或加入到某人的行列中一起做某事”。
你愿意跟我们野餐吗？Would you like to join us for a picnic
join是动词，意为“参加，加入”。
（1）join + 表示团体或组织的名词,join意为“加入（某团体），成为……（成员）”指加入某党派、某组织或某社会团体，以及参军等，并成为其中一员。
Yao Ming joined the NBA. 姚明加入了NBA。
I joined the army in 1996.
join + 指人的名词或代词，join意为“加入……之中”。指参加某项比赛或活动
Will you join us for lunch 和我们一起吃午饭好吗？
（3）join +in + 活动类名词，join in意为“参加（活动）”。join sb. in (doing) sth. 意为“加入……（做）……”。
Can you join in the game 你能参加这个游戏吗？ May I join in the football match
take part in指参加群众性的活动、会议、劳动、游行等，往往指参加者持有积极的态度，起一定作用。I didn’t take part in the sports meeting yesterday because I was ill.
1）watch “观看、注视”。指长时间看某一活动的场面，看电视、比赛、表演、赏月等。 他喜欢看电视。 He likes watching TV.
2）look 强调发出看的动作 look at sth. 看某物 look at the blackboard 看黑板
Look！They are swimming.
3）see 强调“看”的结果 I can see some birds in the tree. 我能看见树上有一些鸟。
4）read “看、读”。其宾语常是“书、报、杂志”等。
He is reading a book. 他正在看书。
体会下边的话：看，大卫正在看黑板。他能看见一位女孩在看书，她没有看电视。
【写作话题】本单元以人们正在进行的活动话题，用现在进行时描述自己或他人正在进行的活动。
【写作题目】假设你叫魏梅，根据下面提示给你的朋友Helen 写一张明信片，介绍一下你和你的家人正在做什么，不少于60词。
提示：现在是星期三晚上八点，你的爷爷和爸爸在下象棋，奶奶和妈妈在看电视，姐姐在房间看书，哥哥在玩电脑游戏。你们很开心。
Dear Helen ,
How are you It’s eight o’clock in the evening now. What are you doing now
People in my family are doing different things. My brother is playing computer games. You see, he likes playing games very much. My grandpa and my father are playing chess. My grandma and my mother are watching TV and my sister is reading a book in her room. We are having a good time.
See you soon.
Love,
Wei Mei