阅读理解命题来源句式限时练
（2023年新课标全国Ⅱ卷）Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object — the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world. The image of the reader appears throughout history, in art made long before books as we now know them came into being. In artists’ representations of books and reading, we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time.
In this “book of books,” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses —absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to.
Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect (才智), wealth or faith of the subject. Before the wide use of the printing press, books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right. More recently, as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway, artists have used them as the raw material for artworks — transforming covers, pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.
Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened, the pages parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity.
28. Where is the text most probably taken from
A. An introduction to a book. B. An essay on the art of writing.
C. A guidebook to a museum. D. A review of modern paintings.
29. What are the selected artworks about
A. Wealth and intellect. B. Home and school.
C. Books and reading. D. Work and leisure.
30. What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Understand. B. Paint.
C. Seize. D. Transform.
31. What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader
A. The printed book is not totally out of date.
B. Technology has changed the way we read.
C. Our lives in the 21st century are networked.
D. People now rarely have the patience to read.
【答案】28. A 29. C 30. A 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章是对一本书的介绍，主要介绍了印刷书籍和阅读对人类的重要意义。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。In this “book of books,” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. (在这本“书之书”中，艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联系)”以及第三段“Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect, wealth or faith of the subject. (书籍本身可以在绘画中象征性地用来展示智慧，主体的财富或信仰)”和最后一段“From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader. (从21世纪的角度来看，这本印刷书无疑是古老的，但它仍然像任何电池供电的电子阅读器一样具有互动性)”可推知，本文最有可能出自一本印刷书的扉页，即对该书的介绍。故选A。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第二段“artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. (艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联系。我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，这本书是几代人之间关系的焦点)”可知，选定的艺术品是关于书籍和阅读的。故选C。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. (艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联系。我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，这本书是几代人之间关系的焦点)”以及“These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments (这些场景可能是数百年前绘制的，但它们记录了一些时刻)”可推知，此处指书籍是人类之间相互联系和理解的纽带，故与画线短语“relate to”意思最相近的为A项“理解、认识到”。故选A。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader (它仍然像任何电池供电的电子阅读器一样具有互动性)”以及“printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity (印刷书籍仍然提供了完全私人的“离线”活动的机会)”可推知，本文作者提到电子阅读器想表达的是印刷书籍并没有完全过时。故选A。
（2023年全国甲卷） Terri Bolton is a dab hand when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.
She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with 5 in pocket money. She says: “I’m sure I wasn’t much of a help to start with, painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house. It took weeks and it was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills.”
Terri, who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures, so, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.”
With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average spend per project will be around 823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. Two fifths wish to increase the value of their house. Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge.
24. Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in paragraph 1
A. An artist. B. A winner. C. A specialist. D. A pioneer.
25. Why did Terri’s grandfather give her 5 a day
A. For a birthday gift. B. As a treat for her work.
C. To support her DIY projects. D. To encourage her to take up a hobby.
26. How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented
A. By making it look like before. B. By furnishing it herself.
C. By splitting the rent with a roommate. D. By cancelling the rental agreement.
27. What trend in DIY does the research show
A. It is becoming more costly. B. It is getting more time-consuming.
C. It is turning into a seasonal industry. D. It is gaining popularity among females.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了一位DIY高手Terri Boltonis的技能以及DIY项目可能会在女性群体中变成一种潮流趋势。
【24题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第一段画线短语下文“Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself. (她擅长摆架子和拼接家具，从不付钱给别人做她自己能做的工作)”可推知，此处指Terri Boltonis是一位DIY高手。C项“A specialist (一位专业人员)”最接近画线短语“a dab hand”的意思。故选C。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with 5 in pocket money. (她将这些技能归功于她已故的祖父兼建筑商Derek Lloyd。从六岁起，现年26岁的Terri就在学校放假期间陪Derek去上班。一天的工作得到了5英镑零花钱的奖励)”以及“It took weeks and is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills. (这花了几个星期的时间，是一项艰苦的工作，但我知道他为我的技能感到骄傲)”可推知，Terri的祖父每天给她5英镑是作为对她的工作的鼓励。故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“So, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out. (所以，当我搬出去时，知道如何掩盖漏洞并重新粉刷房间以避免任何费用是很有用的)”可推知，Terri是通过粉饰房间，让它看起来像以前一样，来避免被扣除租房的押金的。故选A。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“the research shows it is women now leading the charge (研究表明，现在是女性主导了这项运动)”可知，研究表明，DIY将在女性中越来越受欢迎。故选D。
For many of us, summertime means road trips to the beach or mountains, or at the very least some additional dust and bird poop on the exterior of our vehicles. The extra dirt leads us to do one of two things: wash our car in the driveway or head to the car wash. But which choice is better for the environment
The main concerns with either choice are the amount of fresh water being used and the types of chemicals used to remove the dirt. Both of these concerns can be closely monitored when washing the car at home, says Katy Gresh, spokeswoman for the Southwest Region of the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection. She advises car owners to put aside a set amount of water for the entire wash. “It’s just like brushing your teeth, ”she says. “You don’t want to leave the water running or use more than you need for the job.” But even following this advice comes with an environmental risk: Washing your car in the driveway or street flushes the dirty water into storm drains.
John Schombert is executive director of 3 Rivers Wet Weather. His organization works to educate the public about storm sewers(下水道)and water runoff, keeping this untreated water from entering the Allegheny region’s waterways. “We ask people to consider washing their cars on lawns or other permeable(透水的)surfaces where the water gets absorbed, ” Schombert says. “Soil can break down and help filter(过滤)those things,” Schombert says. “Storm sewers are not made for waste disposal.” Even when car owners use natural soaps to wash their cars, which Schombert says are probably ineffective at breaking down grease anyway.
The commercial car wash down the street knows full well the rules regarding waste water in storm sewers. According to the International Carwash Association(ICA), professional car washes must use water reclamation systems. These mandated processes not only keep the dirty water out of storm sewers and regular water treatment systems, but they also work to reduce water usage at commercial facilities.
5. What does the underlined word probably mean in the first paragraph
A. top B. bottom
C. inside D. outside
6. What worries people when they have their cars washed
A. The dirt cannot be removed easily.
B. Large quantities of water are wasted.
C. The washing ways do no good to their cars.
D. D The used chemicals are harmless to the environment.
7. What’s the disadvantage of washing cars at home
A. It is not easy to deal with.
B. It cannot clean the dirt completely.
C. It consumes a larger amount of water.
D. It does much damage to the environment.
8. What can be the best title of the text
A. Do You Put Car washing at Risk
B. Which Is Better: Car Wash or DIY
C. Why Dishwashers Are Better than Hand Washing
D. Do Americans Use Less Water than They Did Years Ago
【答案】5. D 6. B 7. D 8. B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了哪一种洗车方法对环境更有益处：在家还是去洗车公司。
5. 词句猜测题。根据划线部分所在句子“For many of us, summertime means road trips to the beach or mountains, or at the very least some additional dust and bird poop on the exterior of our vehicles.”可知，对于我们中的许多人来说，夏天意味着去海滩或山上的公路旅行，或者至少意味着在我们车的exterior有一些灰尘和鸟粪。结合句意和常识可知，灰尘和鸟粪通常在车的外部，即划线词意为 “外部，外面”，与outside同义。故选D。
6. 细节理解题。根据第二段中““It’s just like brushing your teeth,” she says, “You don’t want to leave the water running of more than you need for the job.”（ “这就像刷牙一样，”她说，“你不想让水流得比所需的更多。”）”可知，人们在外边洗车时担心会浪费掉更多的水。故选B。
7. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But even following this advice comes with an environmental risk: Washing your car in the driveway or street flushes the dirty water into storm drains.（但即使遵循这一建议，也会带来环境风险：在车道或街道上洗车会将脏水冲进雨水沟）”可知，在家自己洗车的缺点是对环境有害处。故选D。
8. 主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“The extra dirt leads us to do one of two things: wash our car in the driveway or head to the car wash. But which choice is better for the environment （这些额外的脏东西会让我们做以下两件事之一：在私人车道上洗车，还是去洗车处洗车。但是哪种选择对环境更好呢？） ”结合下文对两种方法优缺点的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了在专业洗车店里洗车和自己动手洗车，到底哪个对环境更有益处，故B选项“洗车处和自己动手洗车哪个更好 ”符合文章标题。故选B。
We are not who we think we are.
The American self-image is spread with the golden glow of opportunity. We think of the United States as a land of unlimited possibility, not so much a classless society but as a place where class is mutable—a place where brains, energy and ambition are what count, not the circumstances of one’s birth.
The Economic Mobility Project, an ambitious research led by Pew Charitable Trusts, looked at the economic fortunes of a large group of families over time, comparing the income of parents in the late 1960s with the income of their children in the late 1990s and early 2000s. Here is the finding: The “rags to riches” story is much more common in Hollywood than on Main Street. Only 6 percent of children born to parents with family income at the very bottom move to the top.
That is right, just 6 percent of children born to parents who ranked in the bottom of the study sample, in terms of income, were able to bootstrap their way into the top. Meanwhile, an incredible 42 percent of children born into that lowest are still stuck at the bottom, having been unable to climb a single rung of the income ladder.
It is noted that even in Britain—a nation we think of as burdened with a hidebound (守旧的) class system—children who are born poor have a better chance of moving up. When the studies were released, most reporters focused on the finding that African-Americans born to middle-class or upper middle-class families are earning slightly less, in inflation-adjusted dollars, than did their parents.
One of the studies indicates, in fact, that most of the financial gains white families have made in the past three decades can be attributed to the entry of white women into the labor force. This is much less true for African-Americans.
The picture that emerges from all the correlations and percentages is of a nation in which, over all, “the current generation of adults is better off than the previous one”, as one of the studies notes.
The median income of the families in the sample group was $55,600 in the late 1960s; their children’s median family income was measured at $71,900. However, this rising ride has not lifted all boats equally. The rich have seen far greater income gains than the poor.
Even more troubling is that our nation of America as the land of opportunity gets little supper: from the data. Americans move fairly easily up and down the middle rungs of the ladder, but there is “stickiness at the end”—four out of ten children who are born poor will remain poor, and four out of ten who are born rich will stay rich.
13. What did the Economic Mobility Project find in its research
A. Children from low-income families are unable to bootstrap their way to the top.
B. Hollywood actors and actresses are upwardly mobile from rags to riches.
C. The rags to riches story is more fiction than reality.
D. The rags to riches story is only true for a small minority of whites.
14. It can be inferred from the writer that America, as a classless society, should ________.
A. perfect its self-image as a land of opportunity
B. have a higher level of upward mobility than Britain
C. enable African-Americans to have exclusive access to well-paid employment
D. encourage the current generation to work as hard as the previous generation
15. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A. The US is a land where brains, energy and ambition are what count.
B. Inequality persists between whites and blacks in financial gains.
C. Middle-class families earn slightly less with inflation considered.
D. Children in lowest-income families manage to climb a single rung of the ladder.
16. What might be the best title for this passage
A. Social Upward Mobility in America B. Incredible Income Gains in America
C. America: Land of Unequal Wealth D. America: Not Land of Opportunity for all
【答案】13. C 14. A 15. B 16. D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了The Economic Mobility Project的研究发现，美国并不是一个到处充满机会的地方，白人和黑人之间还是存在不平等的，由穷到富的故事与其说是现实不如说是幻想。
13. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Here is the finding: The “rags to riches” story is much more common in Hollywood than on Main Street. Only 6 percent of children born to parents with family income at the very bottom move to the top.（研究发现:“白手起家”的故事在好莱坞比在普通民众中更为常见。在家庭收入最低的家庭中，只有6%的孩子能升到社会顶层。）”可知，白手起家的故事与其说是现实，不如说是虚构的。故选C。
14. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The American self-image is spread with the golden glow of opportunity. We think of the United States as a land of unlimited possibility, not so much a classless society but as a place where class is mutable—a place where brains, energy and ambition are what count, not the circumstances of one’s birth.（美国人的自我形象洋溢着机会的金光。我们认为美国是一块充满无限可能的土地，与其说它是一个没有阶级的社会，不如说它是一个阶级是可变的地方——在这里，智力、精力和雄心是最重要的，而不是一个人的出身。）”可推知，美国，作为一个无阶级社会，应该完善自己的自我形象，成为一个充满机遇的国家。故选A。
15. 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“When the studies were released, most reporters focused on the finding that African-Americans born to middle-class or upper middle-class families are earning slightly less, in inflation-adjusted dollars, than did their parents.（当这些研究公布时，大多数记者关注的是出生于中产阶级或中上层家庭的非裔美国人的收入(经通胀因素调整后)略低于他们的父母。）”和文章第六段“One of the studies indicates, in fact, that most of the financial gains white families have made in the past three decades can be attributed to the entry of white women into the labor force. This is much less true for African-Americans.（事实上，其中一项研究表明，白人家庭在过去三十年里取得的经济收益大部分可以归因于白人女性进入劳动力市场。这对非裔美国人来说就不那么真实了。）”可知，在经济收入方面，白人和黑人之间的不平等依然存在。故选B。
16. 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Even more troubling is that our nation of America as the land of opportunity gets little supper: from the data. Americans move fairly easily up and down the middle rungs of the ladder, but there is “stickiness at the end”—four out of ten children who are born poor will remain poor, and four out of ten who are born rich will stay rich.（更令人不安的是，从数据来看，我们这个充满机遇的国家却得不到什么晚餐。美国人很容易就能爬上爬下梯子的中间梯级，但是有一个“最后的粘性”——10个出身贫困的孩子中有4个会继续贫穷，10个出身富裕的孩子中有4个会继续富有。）”可知，美国并不是所有人都有机会的土地。故选D。
Good Morning Britain weather girl Laura Tobin left her co-hosts and viewers speechless after she accidentally tore a rare Superhero poster worth about 150,000 live on air.
To mark the start of comic book and sci-fi festival London Super Comic Con, Laura was tasked with showing rare magazines and expensive collection. She informed the audience: “We’ve got a very special display here called The Replicator Man. This was a character back in the 1970s. This is a special poster that is worth about 150,000 and there are only ten of them in the world.” Laura was seen telling viewers at home about the history of the comic book poster (连环画海报). Handling the image, Laura continued: “No one’s really seen this before.”
She attempted to pick up the picture in order to “get a closer look”. “I’ve got my gloves on but I’m feeling really nervous because it is said the oils can really spoil them.” As she tried to remove the picture from the display board, it tore in half and Laura screamed: “Oh my goodness! Is this the original one that’s worth 150.000 ”
The set fell silent and the presenters weren’t quite sure how to react after the awkward moment. Fellow Good Morning Britain hosts Charlotte Hawkins and Ranvir Singh, on her right, didn’t know how to react to the “mishap”.
“My heart is going ten to the dozen. Was it the gloves ” Laura pletely unaware of the joke, co-host Richard Arnold threw his hand to his face and said: “We are making this up, right ” He added: “I’m a bag of nerves now, Laura.”
Meanwhile, newsreader Ranvir Singh said: “We’ve probably got some insurance that covers this.” While panicked, Charlotte Hawkins looked around the studio and said: “Can we just glue that back down again Can we go to an advertisement ”
Clearly pleased that she had managed to fool her colleagues, Laura finally revealed: “Guys—it was a joke! It’s not really worth 150,000. It’s worth nothing!” She then took much delight in tearing the rest of the picture into tiny pieces.
25. Which is the right order of the happening according to the passage
a. Laura’s colleagues were at a loss b. the poster was completely ruined
c. Laura was blaming the gloves d. Laura tore the poster
A. a-b-d-c B. a-d-b-c C. d-a-c-b D. d-c-a-b
26. It can be inferred that Laura________.
A. organized the start of a sci-fi festival London Super Comic Con
B. felt really nervous so she decided to wear a pair of white gloves
C. had bought some rare memorabilia about the Replicator Man
D. successfully conducted a trick on her colleagues in a program
27. The underlined word “mishap” in the fourth paragraph can be replaced by________.
A. accident B. piece C. girl D. program
28. The underlined sentence in Para 5 passes us the message that________.
A. Richard Arnold didn’t want people to recognize him
B. Richard Arnold tried to hide his anxiety
C. Richard Arnold wanted to give himself a good beat
D. Richard Arnold couldn’t help laughing
【答案】25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了《早安英国》天气预报员 Laura Tobin 在一个节目直播时不小心撕毁了一张罕见的超级英雄海报，成功地捉弄了她的同事，这令这让其他主持人和观众们哑口无语。
25. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“As she tried to remove the picture from the display board, it tore in half and Laura screamed: “Oh my goodness! Is this the original one that’s worth 150.000 ”(当她试图把画从展示板上拿下来时，画被撕成了两半，劳拉尖叫道：“哦，我的天哪!这就是那幅价值15万英镑的原画吗 ”)”可知d是第一个；第四段中“Fellow Good Morning Britain hosts Charlotte Hawkins and Ranvir Singh, on her right, didn’t know how to react to the “mishap”. (《早安英国》的主持人Charlotte Hawkins和Ranvir Singh(在她右边)不知道如何应对“意外”)”可知a是第二个；第五段中““My heart is going ten to the dozen. Was it the gloves ” Laura cried. (“我的心都快跳出来了。是因为手套吗 ”劳拉哭了)”可知c是第三个；以及最后一段中“She then took much delight in tearing the rest of the picture into tiny pieces. (然后，她非常高兴地把画的其余部分撕成小碎片)”可知b是最后一个。因此顺序为d-a-c-b。故选C项。
26. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Clearly pleased that she had managed to fool her colleagues, Laura finally revealed: “Guys—it was a joke! It’s not really worth 150,000. It’s worth nothing!” (显然，Laura很高兴自己能骗过同事，她最终揭露了：“伙计们，这是个笑话!它不值15万英镑。它一文不值!”)”可知，Laura在一个节目中成功地捉弄了她的同事。故选D项。
27. 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“As she tried to remove the picture from the display board, it tore in half (当她试图把画从展示板上拿下来时，画被撕成了两半)”和第四段中“Fellow Good Morning Britain hosts Charlotte Hawkins and Ranvir Singh, on her right, didn’t know how to react to the “mishap”. (《早安英国》的主持人Charlotte Hawkins和Ranvir Singh(在她右边)不知道如何应对mishap)”Laura把画撕成了两半可知，此时她的两个同事应该是不知道如何应对这个意外，因此猜测划线词mishap意为“意外”，因此可用accident代替。故选A项。
28. 推理判断题。根据第五段中“Completely unaware of the joke, co-host Richard Arnold threw his hand to his face and said: “We are making this up, right ” He added: “I’m a bag of nerves now, Laura.”(搭档主持Richard Arnold完全没有意识到这个玩笑，他用手捂住他的脸说：“我们会修补这个的，对吧 ”他补充说：“劳拉，我现在非常紧张。”)”由Richard Arnold说自己现在非常紧张，可知，面对这个意外，Richard Arnold一时间没办法面对，因此Richard Arnold试图（用手）掩饰自己的焦虑。故选B项。
One after another telecommunications giants have announced their latest fifth generation (5G) products. They have also claimed that 5G technology would be used on a massive scale by 2020. Yet, when reporting about 5G, many domestic media have described it as a"much faster" technology than 4G without mentioning any of its other advantages. As a result. the common public view about 5G is that they could "download a HD movie within one second". Beyond that, most people know nothing about 5G.
Actually, 5G technology has many more advantages than 4G apart from speed. According to the criteria of 3GPP, an international standardization organization, 5G technology can be used for at least three purposes—connecting everything, reliability of connections, and eliminating delays.
“Connecting everything” is an appropriate slogan for 5G technology, without which the Internet of Things would be impossible. 5G would enable one server to connect to multiple terminals, and thus establish high-speed coordination among them, and help the chips inside the terminals timely react to meet people’s needs. Take autonomous vehicles for example, they are mature technology products. Self-driving cars combine a variety of sensors, such as radar, computer vision, and GPS to identify navigation paths and obstacles. 5G technology will link all the elements of a transportation system, such as traffic lights, cameras and, of course, cars to establish perfect coordination so they can avoid obstacles and move on navigation paths, which will help strengthen self-driving technology.
Reliability of connections is another essential characteristic of 5G technology, whose use can be extended to other fields where high safety standards are required. For instance, in certain surgeries, surgeons insert nano-robots inside a patient’s body and have to maintain constant control over the robots to ensure they perform their functions and do not cause any harm to the patient. This is a technology that can be of great help, as it can establish reliable and continuous connections between the monitor and the nano-robots.
17. Which of the following can serve as an example of "connecting everything"
A. Improvement of smart phone signals. B. Decrease in telecommunication cost.
C. High speed in playing computer games. D. Online tests for all members at the same time.
18. Why can 5G be used in the fields with high safety standards
A. It can attract most eyeballs on a massive scale.
B. It can provide dependable and constant service.
C. It offers massive machine types of communication.
D. It employs 4G base stations and occupies less space.
19. What will the author most probably discuss in the following paragraph
A. Eliminating delays. B. 5G network capacity
C. Disadvantages of 5G D. Building 5G base stations
20. What would be the best title for the passage
A. 5G Technology: More than about High Speed
B. 5G Technology Will Shape the Future of Connectivity
C. Telecom Giants Work Together to Better 5G Technology
D. Advantages and Disadvantages of 5G Technology and Products
【答案】17. D 18. B 19. A 20. A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍除了高速，5G技术还有连接一切、连接可靠性以及消除延迟等特点。
17. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“5G would enable one server to connect to multiple terminals and thus establish high-speed coordination among them, and help the chips inside the terminals to timely react to meet people’s needs.( 5G能让一个计算机服务器连接到多个终端，然后在它们之中建立高速协调，并且帮助在终端里面的芯片能够及时做出反应满足人们的需求)”结合选项可推知，选项D表达的是“同时对所有成员进行网络测试”，符合5G的连接一切的特征，可以作为5G连接一切这个特征的具体举例。故选D。
18. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“This is an technology can be of great help, as it can establish reliable and continuous connections between the monitor and the nano-robots.(这是一项非常有帮助的技术，因为它能在监控器和纳米机器人之间建立可靠而且持续的连接)”可知，5G技术能够在高安全标准的领域使用，是因为它能提供可靠而且持续的服务。故选B。
19. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“According to the criteria of 3GPP, an international standardization organization, 5G technology can be used for at least three purposes—for connecting everything, reliability of connections, and eliminating delays.(根据3GPP，一个国际标准化组织的标准，5G技术能够在至少3个方面使用，分别是：连接一切、连接的可靠性以及消除延迟)”；第三段中““Connecting everything” is an appropriate slogan for 5G technology, without which the Internet of things would be impossible.(连接一切对于5G技术来说是一个合适的口号，没有这个特征因特网的所有事情都将变成不可能)”以及第四段中“Reliability of connections is another essential characteristic of 5G technology, whose use can be extended to other fields where high safety standards are required.(连接可靠性是5G技术的另外一个基本特征，这一技术的使用可以延申到要求高安全标准的其他领域)”可推知，作者接下来可能会讨论的是5G技术的消除延迟这个特征。故选A。
20. 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Actually, 5G technology has many more advantages than 4G apart from speed. According to the criteria of 3GPP, an international standardization organization, 5G technology can be used for at least three purposes—connecting everything, reliability of connections, and eliminating delays.(实际上，除了速度，5G技术比4G有更多的优势。根据国际标准化组织3GPP的标准，5G技术至少可以用于三个目的：连接所有东西、提高连接的可靠性和消除延迟)”结合文章主要介绍除了高速，5G技术还有连接一切、连接可靠性以及消除延迟等特点。可知A选项“5G技术：不仅仅是高速”最符合文章标题。故选A。
19阅读理解命题来源句式限时练
（2023年新课标全国Ⅱ卷）Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object — the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world. The image of the reader appears throughout history, in art made long before books as we now know them came into being. In artists’ representations of books and reading, we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time.
In this “book of books,” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses —absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to.
Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect (才智), wealth or faith of the subject. Before the wide use of the printing press, books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right. More recently, as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway, artists have used them as the raw material for artworks — transforming covers, pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.
Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened, the pages parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity.
28. Where is the text most probably taken from
A. An introduction to a book. B. An essay on the art of writing.
C. A guidebook to a museum. D. A review of modern paintings.
29. What are the selected artworks about
A. Wealth and intellect. B. Home and school.
C. Books and reading. D. Work and leisure.
30. What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Understand. B. Paint.
C. Seize. D. Transform.
31. What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader
A. The printed book is not totally out of date.
B. Technology has changed the way we read.
C. Our lives in the 21st century are networked.
D. People now rarely have the patience to read.
（2023年全国甲卷） Terri Bolton is a dab hand when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.
She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with 5 in pocket money. She says: “I’m sure I wasn’t much of a help to start with, painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house. It took weeks and it was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills.”
Terri, who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures, so, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.”
With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average spend per project will be around 823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. Two fifths wish to increase the value of their house. Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge.
24. Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in paragraph 1
A. An artist. B. A winner. C. A specialist. D. A pioneer.
25. Why did Terri’s grandfather give her 5 a day
A. For a birthday gift. B. As a treat for her work.
C. To support her DIY projects. D. To encourage her to take up a hobby.
26. How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented
A. By making it look like before. B. By furnishing it herself.
C. By splitting the rent with a roommate. D. By cancelling the rental agreement.
27. What trend in DIY does the research show
A. It is becoming more costly. B. It is getting more time-consuming.
C. It is turning into a seasonal industry. D. It is gaining popularity among females.
For many of us, summertime means road trips to the beach or mountains, or at the very least some additional dust and bird poop on the exterior of our vehicles. The extra dirt leads us to do one of two things: wash our car in the driveway or head to the car wash. But which choice is better for the environment
The main concerns with either choice are the amount of fresh water being used and the types of chemicals used to remove the dirt. Both of these concerns can be closely monitored when washing the car at home, says Katy Gresh, spokeswoman for the Southwest Region of the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection. She advises car owners to put aside a set amount of water for the entire wash. “It’s just like brushing your teeth, ”she says. “You don’t want to leave the water running or use more than you need for the job.” But even following this advice comes with an environmental risk: Washing your car in the driveway or street flushes the dirty water into storm drains.
John Schombert is executive director of 3 Rivers Wet Weather. His organization works to educate the public about storm sewers(下水道)and water runoff, keeping this untreated water from entering the Allegheny region’s waterways. “We ask people to consider washing their cars on lawns or other permeable(透水的)surfaces where the water gets absorbed, ” Schombert says. “Soil can break down and help filter(过滤)those things,” Schombert says. “Storm sewers are not made for waste disposal.” Even when car owners use natural soaps to wash their cars, which Schombert says are probably ineffective at breaking down grease anyway.
The commercial car wash down the street knows full well the rules regarding waste water in storm sewers. According to the International Carwash Association(ICA), professional car washes must use water reclamation systems. These mandated processes not only keep the dirty water out of storm sewers and regular water treatment systems, but they also work to reduce water usage at commercial facilities.
5. What does the underlined word probably mean in the first paragraph
A. top B. bottom
C. inside D. outside
6. What worries people when they have their cars washed
A. The dirt cannot be removed easily.
B. Large quantities of water are wasted.
C. The washing ways do no good to their cars.
D. D The used chemicals are harmless to the environment.
7. What’s the disadvantage of washing cars at home
A. It is not easy to deal with.
B. It cannot clean the dirt completely.
C. It consumes a larger amount of water.
D. It does much damage to the environment.
8. What can be the best title of the text
A. Do You Put Car washing at Risk
B. Which Is Better: Car Wash or DIY
C. Why Dishwashers Are Better than Hand Washing
D. Do Americans Use Less Water than They Did Years Ago
We are not who we think we are.
The American self-image is spread with the golden glow of opportunity. We think of the United States as a land of unlimited possibility, not so much a classless society but as a place where class is mutable—a place where brains, energy and ambition are what count, not the circumstances of one’s birth.
The Economic Mobility Project, an ambitious research led by Pew Charitable Trusts, looked at the economic fortunes of a large group of families over time, comparing the income of parents in the late 1960s with the income of their children in the late 1990s and early 2000s. Here is the finding: The “rags to riches” story is much more common in Hollywood than on Main Street. Only 6 percent of children born to parents with family income at the very bottom move to the top.
That is right, just 6 percent of children born to parents who ranked in the bottom of the study sample, in terms of income, were able to bootstrap their way into the top. Meanwhile, an incredible 42 percent of children born into that lowest are still stuck at the bottom, having been unable to climb a single rung of the income ladder.
It is noted that even in Britain—a nation we think of as burdened with a hidebound (守旧的) class system—children who are born poor have a better chance of moving up. When the studies were released, most reporters focused on the finding that African-Americans born to middle-class or upper middle-class families are earning slightly less, in inflation-adjusted dollars, than did their parents.
One of the studies indicates, in fact, that most of the financial gains white families have made in the past three decades can be attributed to the entry of white women into the labor force. This is much less true for African-Americans.
The picture that emerges from all the correlations and percentages is of a nation in which, over all, “the current generation of adults is better off than the previous one”, as one of the studies notes.
The median income of the families in the sample group was $55,600 in the late 1960s; their children’s median family income was measured at $71,900. However, this rising ride has not lifted all boats equally. The rich have seen far greater income gains than the poor.
Even more troubling is that our nation of America as the land of opportunity gets little supper: from the data. Americans move fairly easily up and down the middle rungs of the ladder, but there is “stickiness at the end”—four out of ten children who are born poor will remain poor, and four out of ten who are born rich will stay rich.
13. What did the Economic Mobility Project find in its research
A. Children from low-income families are unable to bootstrap their way to the top.
B. Hollywood actors and actresses are upwardly mobile from rags to riches.
C. The rags to riches story is more fiction than reality.
D. The rags to riches story is only true for a small minority of whites.
14. It can be inferred from the writer that America, as a classless society, should ________.
A. perfect its self-image as a land of opportunity
B. have a higher level of upward mobility than Britain
C. enable African-Americans to have exclusive access to well-paid employment
D. encourage the current generation to work as hard as the previous generation
15. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A. The US is a land where brains, energy and ambition are what count.
B. Inequality persists between whites and blacks in financial gains.
C. Middle-class families earn slightly less with inflation considered.
D. Children in lowest-income families manage to climb a single rung of the ladder.
16. What might be the best title for this passage
A. Social Upward Mobility in America B. Incredible Income Gains in America
C. America: Land of Unequal Wealth D. America: Not Land of Opportunity for all
Good Morning Britain weather girl Laura Tobin left her co-hosts and viewers speechless after she accidentally tore a rare Superhero poster worth about 150,000 live on air.
To mark the start of comic book and sci-fi festival London Super Comic Con, Laura was tasked with showing rare magazines and expensive collection. She informed the audience: “We’ve got a very special display here called The Replicator Man. This was a character back in the 1970s. This is a special poster that is worth about 150,000 and there are only ten of them in the world.” Laura was seen telling viewers at home about the history of the comic book poster (连环画海报). Handling the image, Laura continued: “No one’s really seen this before.”
She attempted to pick up the picture in order to “get a closer look”. “I’ve got my gloves on but I’m feeling really nervous because it is said the oils can really spoil them.” As she tried to remove the picture from the display board, it tore in half and Laura screamed: “Oh my goodness! Is this the original one that’s worth 150.000 ”
The set fell silent and the presenters weren’t quite sure how to react after the awkward moment. Fellow Good Morning Britain hosts Charlotte Hawkins and Ranvir Singh, on her right, didn’t know how to react to the “mishap”.
“My heart is going ten to the dozen. Was it the gloves ” Laura pletely unaware of the joke, co-host Richard Arnold threw his hand to his face and said: “We are making this up, right ” He added: “I’m a bag of nerves now, Laura.”
Meanwhile, newsreader Ranvir Singh said: “We’ve probably got some insurance that covers this.” While panicked, Charlotte Hawkins looked around the studio and said: “Can we just glue that back down again Can we go to an advertisement ”
Clearly pleased that she had managed to fool her colleagues, Laura finally revealed: “Guys—it was a joke! It’s not really worth 150,000. It’s worth nothing!” She then took much delight in tearing the rest of the picture into tiny pieces.
25. Which is the right order of the happening according to the passage
a. Laura’s colleagues were at a loss b. the poster was completely ruined
c. Laura was blaming the gloves d. Laura tore the poster
A. a-b-d-c B. a-d-b-c C. d-a-c-b D. d-c-a-b
26. It can be inferred that Laura________.
A. organized the start of a sci-fi festival London Super Comic Con
B. felt really nervous so she decided to wear a pair of white gloves
C. had bought some rare memorabilia about the Replicator Man
D. successfully conducted a trick on her colleagues in a program
27. The underlined word “mishap” in the fourth paragraph can be replaced by________.
A. accident B. piece C. girl D. program
28. The underlined sentence in Para 5 passes us the message that________.
A. Richard Arnold didn’t want people to recognize him
B. Richard Arnold tried to hide his anxiety
C. Richard Arnold wanted to give himself a good beat
D. Richard Arnold couldn’t help laughing
One after another telecommunications giants have announced their latest fifth generation (5G) products. They have also claimed that 5G technology would be used on a massive scale by 2020. Yet, when reporting about 5G, many domestic media have described it as a"much faster" technology than 4G without mentioning any of its other advantages. As a result. the common public view about 5G is that they could "download a HD movie within one second". Beyond that, most people know nothing about 5G.
Actually, 5G technology has many more advantages than 4G apart from speed. According to the criteria of 3GPP, an international standardization organization, 5G technology can be used for at least three purposes—connecting everything, reliability of connections, and eliminating delays.
“Connecting everything” is an appropriate slogan for 5G technology, without which the Internet of Things would be impossible. 5G would enable one server to connect to multiple terminals, and thus establish high-speed coordination among them, and help the chips inside the terminals timely react to meet people’s needs. Take autonomous vehicles for example, they are mature technology products. Self-driving cars combine a variety of sensors, such as radar, computer vision, and GPS to identify navigation paths and obstacles. 5G technology will link all the elements of a transportation system, such as traffic lights, cameras and, of course, cars to establish perfect coordination so they can avoid obstacles and move on navigation paths, which will help strengthen self-driving technology.
Reliability of connections is another essential characteristic of 5G technology, whose use can be extended to other fields where high safety standards are required. For instance, in certain surgeries, surgeons insert nano-robots inside a patient’s body and have to maintain constant control over the robots to ensure they perform their functions and do not cause any harm to the patient. This is a technology that can be of great help, as it can establish reliable and continuous connections between the monitor and the nano-robots.
17. Which of the following can serve as an example of "connecting everything"
A. Improvement of smart phone signals. B. Decrease in telecommunication cost.
C. High speed in playing computer games. D. Online tests for all members at the same time.
18. Why can 5G be used in the fields with high safety standards
A. It can attract most eyeballs on a massive scale.
B. It can provide dependable and constant service.
C. It offers massive machine types of communication.
D. It employs 4G base stations and occupies less space.
19. What will the author most probably discuss in the following paragraph
A. Eliminating delays. B. 5G network capacity
C. Disadvantages of 5G D. Building 5G base stations
20. What would be the best title for the passage
A. 5G Technology: More than about High Speed
B. 5G Technology Will Shape the Future of Connectivity
C. Telecom Giants Work Together to Better 5G Technology
D. Advantages and Disadvantages of 5G Technology and Products
19
