四川省雅安市多校联考2023-2024学年高二上学期12月月考英语试卷(含答案)

四川省雅安市多校联考2023-2024学年高二上学期12月月考英语试卷
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Four Inventions That Changed the World
The course of human evolution has been filled with inventions. The following inventions changed the world in one way or another.
Match
Many of us wonder what life was like before matches. We can thank a British pharmacist and his dirty mixing stick. In 1820s, John Walker noticed a dried lump on the end of a stick while he was stirring a mix of chemicals. When he tried to scrape(刮掉)it off, flames appeared. The initial matches were made of cardboard but soon the matches came in a box equipped with a piece of sandpaper for striking.
Penicillin
Penicillin was discovered in 1928 when a young bacteriologist, Alexander Fleming, was tidying up his lab. After having been on vacation, he returned to work to find that a dish of Staphylococcus bacteria had been left uncovered, and he noticed that mould(霉菌)on the culture had killed many of the bacteria. His further research found that it could kill other bacteria.
Microwave Oven
Of all the sci-fi kitchen appliances, the microwave oven really relieves the load on housewives. It was discovered in the 1940s. When Percy Spencer, an engineer, was working on a magnetron(磁控管)， he noticed that a chocolate bar in his pocket had started to melt due to the microwaves. Spencer found that indeed, when food was placed in the box with the microwave energy, it cooked quickly.
Plastic
The first plastic was invented in 1907 by Leo Hendrik Baekeland. His initial quest was to invent a ready replacement for shellac(虫胶)， an expensive product got from lac beetles. Baekeland combined formaldehyde(甲醛)with a waste product of coal, and heated the mixture. Rather than a shellac-like material, he created a substance that didn’t melt under heat and stress.
1、Who invented matches
A. John Walker. B. Alexander Fleming.
C. Percy Spencer. D. Leo Hendrik Baekeland.
2、What had Leo Hendrik Baekeland originally intended to invent
A. A shellac-like material. B. A product from lac beetles.
C. A replacement for shellac. D. A waste product of coal.
3、What do the four inventions have in common
A. They were the accidental discoveries.
B. They were the results of joint efforts.
C. They were the fruits of years of research.
D. They were unaccepted when coming out.
It was 1963 in the Toronto suburb. I was eight years old and hockey（冰球）-crazy. My next-to-zero skills had not stopped my passion for the game. The players of the great hockey club Toronto Maple Leafs were of course my heroes, and their posters and photos covered the walls of my room.
There is always some price to pay for maintaining a love. I raised funds in an old-fashioned way, selling something the public could actually sink their teeth into. I joined the local annual event—Margaret’s Doughnuts（甜甜圈）to sell doughnuts, which offered choices of honey-glazed or chocolate-glazed.
Door-to-door I went, notebook in hand to record. I sold dozens of dozens; hardly a soul turned me down. My notebook was almost full, and my stomach was almost empty when I went up the last house on the south side.
I rang the doorbell and went over my speech while staring at the screen door. Suddenly, the door opened. My unforgettable memory was looking up from a large pair of fuzzy slippers, way up, to the face staring down. I stood there speechless for what seemed 10 years, opening and closing my mouth like a fish out of water. Collecting my calmness, but still unable to go into doughnut-promoting overdrive, I told him something he seemed have already known and he replied with a no d and a smile.
I have an unclear memory of murmuring through my speech “Please-buy-some-doughnuts”, and then a vivid memory of him taking the notebook from my hand. I followed with new information—that we shared our given name. With pride from our first-name-basis farewells, I flew home holding the notebook tightly to my chest.
The next morning before the school bell, I cautiously showed off the precious paper. It is surely mine alone to claim: I sold a dozen doughnuts to Tim Horton, one of my most respected players who lived a mere three blocks away!
4、What can we know about the author
A. He obtained posters and photos from a star team.
B. He joined Toronto Maple Leafs as a young child.
C. He was not much of an experienced hockey player.
D. His love for hockey was influenced by a star team.
5、Why did the author sell doughnuts
A. To follow the fashion. B. To respond to an event.
C. To taste more flavors. D. To pursue his hobby.
6、What happened to the author when he met the owner of the last house
A. He was so speechless with astonishment.
B. He was looked down upon by the owner.
C. He was scared by the owner’s appearance.
D. He forgot his speech for selling doughnuts.
7、Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. A Successful Sale Promotion Of Doughnuts
B. An Amazing Journey To Following My Dream
C. A Grateful Doughnut Helping Awaken My Dream
D. An Unexpected Meeting With My Favorite Hockey
Fresh fish should have a mild smell. Strong fish y smells are the first signs to go bad. How do the fishy smells come from
It can be several days from when the fish are caught to when they reach the supermarket. In that time, bacteria that grow naturally in fish start to consume a substance called trimethylamine N-oxide（TMAO）in fish. These bacteria change TMAO into trimethylamine（TMA）, the substance responsible for the fishy smells. Bacteria in fish can also change lysine（赖氨酸）into cadaverine（尸胺）,a substance that’s associated with breaking down the fish once they are caught and giving off fish y smell.
Chemical reactions can also lead to fish y smells. This happens through the oxidation（氧化）of fat. Fish are an important source of omega-3 fatty acids. When these fats are exposed to oxygen, they oxidize and break down into the substance that you can smell.
To slow down the fishy smell, what is beyond question is that the less time between when the fish are caught and when they reach the kitchen, the better. But today, fish are often flown across the globe. To keep smell-producing bacteria at bay, the fish must be frozen or kept at the low temperature possible as soon as they are caught and cleaned.
Controlling fat oxidation can function as well, especially for fattier fish species. While freezing slows bacterial growth, it does not stop fat oxidation. This reaction will occur as long as oxygen is present. Fatty fish are usually not frozen because, despite the cold temperature, they’re going to oxidize pretty fast unless they are stored in a low oxygen container. That’s why those species are often canned.
It’s also important to remember that smell is not always an indicator of safety, especially in processed fish products. “What you might consider the fish y smell may be a delicacy in another culture,” said Carl A. Batt, a professor of food science at Cornell University.
8、Which of the following has the fishy smell
A. Fish fat. B. TMAO. C. Cadaverine. D. Lysine.
9、What is the best way to reduce the fish y smell of fat fish species
A. Drying them in the air. B. Storing them in closed containers.
C. Carefully cleaning them. D. Exposing them to rich oxygen.
10、What is Carl A Batt’s attitude to the fishy smell
A. Objective. B. Negative. C. Acceptable. D. Unclear.
11、How is the text organized
A. Topic—Example—Conclusion. B. Topic—Comparison—Opinion.
C. Question——Cause——Solution. D. Question—Effect—Opinion.
Atomic shapes are so simple that they can’t be broken down any further. Mathematicians are trying to turn to artificial intelligence（AI）for help to build a periodic table of these shapes, hoping it will assist in finding yet-unknown atomic shapes.
Tom Coates at Imperial College London and his colleagues are working to classify atomic shapes known as Fano varieties, which are so simple that they can’t be broken down into smaller components. Just as chemists arranged element s in the periodic table by their atomic weight and group to reveal new insights, the researchers hope that organizing these atomic shapes by their various properties will help in understanding them.
The team has given each atomic shape a sequence of numbers based on its features such as the number of holes it has or the extent to which it bends around itself. This acts as a bar code（条形码）to identify it. Coates and his colleagues have now created an AI that can predict certain properties of these shapes from their bar code numbers alone, with an accuracy of 98 percent.
The team member Alexander Kasprzyk at the University of Nottingham, UK, says that the AI has let the team organize atomic shapes in a way that begins to follow the periodic table, so that when you read from left to right, or up and down, there seem to be general patterns in the geometry（几何）of the shapes.
Graham Nib lo at the University of Southampton, UK, stresses that humans will still need to understand the results provided by AI and create proofs of these ideas. “AI has definitely got unbelievable abilities. But in the same way that telescopes（望远镜）don’t put astronomers out of work, AI doesn’t put mathematicians out of work,” he says. “It just gives us new backing that allows us to explore parts of the mathematical landscape that are out of reach.”
The team hopes to improve the model to the point where missing spaces in its periodic table could point to the existence of unknown shapes.
12、What is the purpose of building a periodic table of shapes
A. To gain deeper insights into the atomic shapes.
B. To create an AI to predict the unknown shapes.
C. To break down atomic shapes into smaller parts.
D. To arrange chemical elements in the periodic table.
13、What can the bar code of each atomic shape tell us
A. Its holes. B. Its bends.
C. Its atomic weight. D. Its properties.
14、What does the underlined word “backing” in paragraph 5 mean
A. Design. B. Help. C. Duty. D. Threat.
15、What is the main idea of the text
A. Thanks to AI, new atomic shapes have been discovered.
B. Mathematicians turn to AI to create more atomic shapes.
C. AI helps build a relationship between chemistry and maths.
D. A periodic table of shapes can be built with the help of AI.
二、七选五
16、How to Design a Small Garden
Even if you don’t have a large area in your yard, you can still make a beautiful garden that maximizes the space you have by following tips.
①_____. Look for a place in your yard where you can see your garden from a window or a spot in your yard so that you’re able to enjoy it. Make sure you can walk into your garden with ease to make it easier to take care of your plants. ②_____.
Plan the layout for your garden by drawing the outline on the paper. Start by sketching longer rectangles(矩形)for your garden beds so they’re to scale for the actual size you want them. ③_____. Be sure to leave an 18-inch space between garden beds so you can easily walk between them and care for your plants.
Arrange your design so there are focal points. Aim to have several aspects of your garden design unique so they stand out from the rest of your plants. ④_____. Take into consideration where you want people to focus or have their attention drawn to when they look at your garden, and plan your design around those spots. Focal point s help your garden feel more inviting and make it more visually pleasing.
Put similar plants across from one another to create rhythm and symmetry(对称). Rather than put different plants in each of your garden beds, choose to use the same plant or ones that have similar textures or colors so they’re across from one another. ⑤_____.
A. Avoid placing it anywhere that’s difficult to get to
B. Try to position smaller plants in between larger ones
C. Pick a place where you can easily access your garden
D. You may still be able to measure the length of the rectangles
E. Then divide the rectangles into smaller sections for different plants
F. This could be a stature or a fountain placed in the center or on either side
G. That way, when you look at your garden, it will look inviting and make the area feel more balanced
三、完形填空（15空）
My world changed when I was visiting my best friend Becky three years ago. Her dog had 1 a litter of pups and there was one puppy left when I arrived.
The puppy was so 2 that I still remember Becky saying, “Don’t get too 3 , and I know you aren’t into a dog.” Unexpectedly, a few days into my visit, it 4 that this little puppy was coming home with me! I called him Timmy.
When getting home, it was very clear that my two cats were not so enthusiastic about the new 5 to our family. It took a while for the three of them to find their 6 , and, for me, having a puppy really took some time to adapt to, who was always so 7 and wanted to be everywhere I was. I couldn’t believe how 8 this little puppy was on my time and love. In spite of that, there were 9 times when I wondered if I’d made the wrong decision—especially when he put 10 in my clothes. I soon learned that I couldn’t 11 things on the floor—nothing was safe from those little teeth!
Timmy is now three years old and I love 12 at the parks with my best buddy. He still follows me around like a 13 . Wherever I go, my little man, who has got the best 14 that wins everyone over. I can’t 15 him not being right at my heels now.
17、A. abandoned B. identified C. seen D. had
18、A. fascinating B. puzzling C. depressing D. uplifting
19、A. occupied B. attached C. frightened D. amused
20、A. witnessed B. reported C. happened D. implied
21、A. contribution B. generation C. combination D. addition
22、A. rhythm B. shelter C. feature D. manner
23、A. generous B. energetic C. brilliant D. considerate
24、A. precious B. significant C. dependent D. essential
25、A. hopefully B. fortunately C. rarely D. definitely
26、A. patterns B. holes C. buttons D. paints
27、A. drag B. seek C. tailor D. leave
28、A. hanging out B. fading out C. showing up D. cutting in
29、A. shadow B. dog C. friend D. thief
30、A. capability B. position C. personality D. diversity
31、A. cheat B. picture C. reflect D. suggest
四、短文填空
32、“China would always provide important opportunities for global development, and the nation would remain committed to ①_________（drive）economic globalization in a more open, balanced and win-win direction,” an official said on the sixth China International Import Expo（CIIE）on Sunday. In his speech on the CIIE, which opened in Shanghai, he mentioned that various nations should ②_________（joint）seek development in the sluggish（迟缓的）global economic recovery.
“The CIIE, first ③_________（hold）in 2018, serves as a platform for international procurement（采购）, investment promotion and people-to-people exchanges, ④_________ has contributed to encouraging a new development pattern and global economic growth,” the official noted. He also expressed the ⑤_________（expect）that the annual expo could function as a gateway to the new development pattern and presented new opportunities to the world with China’s fresh development. Additionally, he said the expo should fully play ⑥_________（it）role as a platform for facilitating high-level opening-up and make the Chinese market ⑦_________ major one shared by the world, so that the whole world could benefit ⑧_________ win-win cooperation.
The official also ⑨_________（stress）Beijing’s efforts to advance opening-up with greater market opportunities, ⑩_________（far）creating immense economic growth for the world.
五、书面表达
33、假定你是李华，目前你校餐厅存在浪费食物的现象。为了杜绝该不良现象，你校英语俱乐部组织了主题为“珍惜食物，杜绝浪费”的演讲活动。请你写一篇演讲稿参加此次活动，内容包括:
1.浪费食物的现象；
2.浪费食物的原因；
3.杜绝浪费食物的措施。
注意：
1.写作词数应为 80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hello, everyone!
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That’s all, thank you!
六、读后续写
34、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
An old and fragile woman approached a very busy road intersection. She stepped slowly forwards. She paused at the sidewalk’s edge, grasping a heavy bucket filled with fresh red apples. She aimed to cross the street.
The way to the intersection before her seemed like a tough journey. The traffic lights changed regularly, and the flow of cars seemed to be non-stop for the old woman. She knew she had to cross the street to reach her destination, a small grocery store on the other side, where she sold her apples to make ends meet.
As she slowly made her way to the crosswalk, she held the handle of the bucket. A kind-hearted driver in the first car, recognizing her struggle, stopped well before the sidewalk, allowing her to cross safely. Grateful for this act of kindness, the old woman nodded and offered the driver a slight smile as she inched forward.
A second car, in the next road, also came to a stop. Its driver also witnessed the old woman’s slow progress. The kindness of strangers warmed her heart, and with their help, she moved another step closer to her destination.
However, the third road was a different story. As the old woman moved carefully further into the road, a speeding car approached, its engine making loud sound like a beast. Panic flowed through the old lady as she realized the approaching danger. The driver of the third car had not noticed her until the very last moment.
With a jolt（颠簸）of terror, the old woman’s holding on the bucket weakened, and the bucket slipped from her weak grasp. The bucket fell to the ground, releasing its goods of apples, which scattered（散开）in all directions. The sound of the crashing bucket and rolling apples echoed through the busy city traffic.
In the emergent time, the driver of the speeding car stepped on the brake to a stop just inches from the old woman. The drivers’ heart pounded in their chest as they realized how close it had come to a tragedy.
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Shaken but unharmed, the old woman stood frozen, her eyes wide open with fear.
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Eventually, with all the apples collected, the three drivers helped the old lady cross the road.
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参考答案
1、答案： A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，John Walker发明了火柴。
2、答案： C
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，Leo Hendrik Baekeland 最初的目标是要发明一种可直接替代虫胶的材料。
3、答案： A
解析：细节理解题。通读全文可知，这四个发明的诞生都是偶然的。
4、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，我虽然喜爱玩冰球，但并不擅长。
5、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，要维持一件热爱的事总要付出代价，所以我通过卖甜甜圈这种老式的方法来筹钱 。
6、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第四句可知，我看到这家主人后，站在那里久久说不出 话来，嘴巴一张一合，就像一条离了水的鱼一样。由此可知 我太惊讶以至于说不出话。
7、答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。年少时候的我为了追求冰球梦，通过卖甜甜圈来筹钱。在此过程中，我碰巧把甜甜圈卖给了自己的冰球偶像。
8、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，鱼体内的细菌还能将赖氨酸转化为尸胺， 这种物质会在鱼被捕获后分解鱼，并会散发出鱼腥味 。
9、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段第四句可知，脂肪含量高的鱼类通常不冷冻，因为尽管 温度很低，它们还是会氧化，除非将它们存放在低氧容器中 。
10、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段 CarlA. Batt说的话可知，你认为是鱼腥味的东西,在另一种文化中可能是美味佳肴。由此可知，他对鱼腥味持客观的态度。
11、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。分析文章结构可知，文章先提出了问题，进而分析了鱼产生鱼腥味的原因，并介绍了避免或减少鱼腥味的方法。
12、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句和第二段最后一句可知，建立原子形状周期 表是为了更好地了解已有的原子形状和发现更多未知的原子形状。
13、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，Coates和他的同事们开发了一种人工 智能，它可以仅通过条形码数字来预测这些形状的某些属性，准确率高达 98% 。
14、答案：B
解析：词义推测题。根据第五段 Graham Niblo所说的话可知，就像望远镜没有让天文 学家失业一样，人工智能也没有让数学家失业 。它只是给了我们一种新的辅助，使我们能够 探索数学领域中以前无法触及的部分 。 由此可知，backing意为“帮助；协助”。
15、答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。文章阐述了数学家们想借助 AI建立原子形状周期表，用来更好地 了解已有的原子形状和发现更多未知的原子形状。
16、答案：CAEFG
解析：①该段主要阐述了小花园的选址应该设在你容易进入的地方，故C项符合语境。
②A项从反面阐述了给小花园选址的原则：避免将小花园安置在难以到达的地方。
③E项承接上文中的 rectangles，把矩形的花园分割成小块的花圃，同时在下文中提到在分割的时候要注意各个花圃之间的空隙。
④F项中的a statue or a fountain是对上文中的 have several aspects of your garden design unique的举例说明。
⑤G项中的make the area feel more balanced呼应该段主题句中的 create rhythm and symmetry(对称)。
17、答案： D
解析：考查动词。Becky的狗生了一窝狗崽。
18、答案： A
解析：考查形容词。这只小狗太迷人了，我还记得 Becky说：“别太着迷，我知道你不会养狗的。”
19、答案： B
解析：考查形容词。参见上一题解析。
20、答案： C
解析：考查动词。出乎意料是，我待了几天后，这只小狗要和我一起回家了！
21、答案： D
解析：考查名词。回家后，我的两只猫显然对家里的新成员不太热情。
22、答案： A
解析：考查名词。一段时间以后，它们三个才开始和谐相处。而对我来说，养一只小狗真的需要一些时间来适应，因为小狗总是那么精力充沛，我到哪儿它就到哪儿。
23、答案： B
解析：考查形容词。参见上一题解析。
24、答案： C
解析：考查形容词。我真不敢相信这只小狗是多么依赖我的时间和爱。
25、答案： D
解析：考查副词。尽管如此，很多次我都怀疑自己是否做了一个错误的决定—尤其是当它在我衣服上打洞的时候。
26、答案： B
解析：考查名词。参见上一题解析。
27、答案： D
解析：考查动词。我很快就知道，我不能把东西放在地板上—没有什么东西能幸免于它的那些小牙齿！
28、答案： A
解析：考查动词短语。Timmy已经三岁了，我很喜欢和我最好的伙伴在公园里闲逛。
29、答案： A
解析：考查名词。Timmy仍然像影子一样跟着我。
30、答案： C
解析：考查名词。无论我走到哪里，我的小家伙都以其最佳的魅力赢得所有人的喜爱。
31、答案： B
解析：考查动词。我无法想象它不跟在我身边的样子。
32、答案：①driving②jointly③held④which⑤expectation⑥its⑦a⑧from⑨stressed⑩further
解析：
①考查非谓语动词。短语remain committed to 中的to为介词，故其后接名词 或者动名词。
②考查副词。此处应该用副词jointly 来修饰动词seek。
③考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语 The CIIE和动词 hold之间是逻辑上的动宾关 系，故此处应该用该动词的过去分词形式作后置定语。
④考查定语从句。该句是由关系代词 which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词 为前面的一句话，which在从句中作主语。
⑤考查名词。根据该词前的动词expressed可知，此处应该用该词的名词 形式作宾语。
⑥play one , s role as. . . 为固定搭配，意为“扮演某人作为……的角色； 履行某人作为……的职责”，此处应该填its 。
⑦考查冠词。此处用不定冠词表泛指。
⑧考查介词。benefit from. . . 为固定搭配，意为“从……中受益”。
⑨考查时态。分析上下文可知，此处应该用一般过去时。
⑩考查副词的比较级。此处应该用比较级，表程度，意为“进一步地”。
33、答案：
Hello，everyone! I’m honored to deliver my speech here and the topic of my speech is “ Cherish Food and stop wasting”.
Our school canteen has seen increasingly serious food waste recently. some students throwaway the food that they can , t finish ，and some even leave their food uneaten just because they don , t like the tastes.
What mainly accounts for the negative phenomenon is that they aren’t aware of the value of food and the difficulty in producing it. They don’t realize that there is still a severe shortage of food around the world.
Food is very important to us，without which we can , t survive. Hence，let’s put an end to food waste. We can plan our meals carefully and avoid taking more food than we can consume. A small act can make a difference.
That’s all，thank you!
解析：
1.词汇积累
演讲：speech → lecture
主题：topic → theme
喜欢：like → be fond of
重要的：important → vital
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Food is very important to us.
拓展句：Food is very important to us, without which we can’t survive.
【点睛】
[高分句型1] Some students throw away the food that they can’t finish, and some even leave their food uneaten just because they don’t like the tastes. (运用了because引导原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] What mainly accounts for the negative phenomenon is that they aren’t aware of the value of food and the difficulty in producing it. (运用了that引导表语从句)
34、答案：
Shaken but unharmed， the old woman stood frozen her eyes wide open with fear. The chaos of the situation unfolded around her. The first two drivers having witnessed the near-miss rushed out of their cars to help her. And the third driver joined them as well. In the honking horns and the growing traffic jam the three drivers knelt beside the old woman their concern evident on their faces. They began to gather the scattered apples their hands moving swiftly to get back each one. The rush of traffic seemed to slow as other drivers caught sight of the scene and their impatience was forgotten for the moment.
Eventually, with all the apples collected the three drivers helped the old lady cross the road. With a supportive arm on either side the old woman made her way to the safety of the sidewalk Tears welled up in her grateful eyes as she looked at the strangers who had come to her aid. She had nothing but her bucket of apples to offer as a way of her appreciation With a trembling hand， she extended the apples towards the three drivers. They accepted the gift with genuine gratitude recognizing that her gesture was her way of expressing her thanks. After ensuring that the old woman was safely across the street the three drivers returned to their cars and the traffic was back to track
解析：
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“老妇人颤抖着站在那里，但没有受伤，她吓得睁大了眼睛。”可知，第一段可描写苹果撒了以后司机赶来帮助。
②由第二段首句内容“最后，收集了所有的苹果，三个司机帮助老太太过了马路。”可知，第二段可描写老妇人感谢司机，送苹果给他们当做礼物。
2.续写线索：受到惊吓——司机帮忙捡苹果——帮助老妇人过马路——老妇人感谢——送苹果——交通恢复正常
3.词汇激活
行为类
在旁边：beside /next to
开始：begin/start
帮助：come to one’s aid/do sb. a favor
情绪类
显然的：evident /apparent
感谢的：grateful /thankful
【点睛】
[高分句型1] The first two drivers, having witnessed the near miss, rushed out of their cars to help her. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] Tears welled up in her grateful eyes as she looked at the strangers who had come to her aid. (运用了who引导定语从句)