中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
01三年(2021-2023)阅读理解真题解读
——2024年新高考英语题型突破
体裁题材
年份 篇序 体裁 主题 话题
2023 A篇
2022
2021
2023 B篇
2022
2021
2023 C篇
2022
2021
2023 D篇
2022
2021
考点分布
年份 篇序 细节理解题 推理判断题 主旨大意题 词义猜测题
2023 A篇
2022
2021
2023 B篇
2022
2021
2023 C篇
2022
2021
2023 D篇
2022
2021
合计
难度评估
年份 2023 2022 2021
总体难度
较难题
总体分析
2023年新高考I卷
A
Bike Rental & Guided Tours
Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake(刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears(排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices
Hand Brake, Three Gears Foot Brake, No Gears
1 hour ?7.50 ?5.00
3 hours ?11.00 ?7.50
1 day(24 hours) ?14.75 ?9.75
Each additional day ?8.00 ?6.00
Guided City Tours
The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
21.What is an advantage of MacBike
A. It gives children a discount. B. It offers many types of bikes.
C. It organizes free cycle tours. D. It has over 2,500 rental shops.
22.How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days
A. ?15.75. B. ?19.50. C. ?22.75. D. ?29.50.
23.Where does the guided city tour start
A. The Gooyer, Windmill. B. The Skinny Bridge.
C. Heineken Brewery. D. Dam Square.
B
When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria(细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge(污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse—like facility that treated sewage(污水)from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”
24.What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs
A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.
25.Why did John put the sludge into the tanks
A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem.
C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine.
26.What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou
A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea.
C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.
27.What is the basis for John’s work
A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive.
C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.
C
The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.
To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.
The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate(培养)a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude(独处)and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spent on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.
28.What is the book aimed at
A. Teaching critical thinking skills. B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.
C. Solving philosophical problems. D. Promoting the use of a digital device.
29.What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Clear-up. B. Add-on. C. Check-in. D. Take-over.
30.What is presented in the final chapter of part one
A. Theoretical models. B. Statistical methods.
C. Practical examples. D. Historical analyses.
31.What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two
A. Use them as needed. B. Recommend them to friends.
C. Evaluate their effects. D. Identify the ideas behind them.
D
On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.
But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist(转折)on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates Did they follow those least willing to change their minds This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together”. Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.
32.What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about
A. The methods of estimation. B. The underlying logic of the effect.
C. The causes of people’s errors. D. The design of Galton’s experiment.
33.Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if _______.
A. the crowds were relatively small B. there were occasional underestimates
C. individuals did not communicate D. estimates were not fully independent
34.What did the follow-up study focus on
A. The size of the groups. B. The dominant members.
C. The discussion process. D. The individual estimates.
35.What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies
A. Unclear. B. Dismissive. C. Doubtful. D. Approving.
2022年新高考I卷
A
Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature
Grading Scale
90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below 60, E.
Essays(60%)
Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%.
Group Assignments(30%)
Students will work in groups to complete four assignments(作业)during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system.
Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework(10%)
Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class’ lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded.
Late Work
An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.
21.Where is this text probably taken from
A. A textbook. B. An exam paper. C. A course plan. D. An academic article.
22.How many parts is a student’s final grade made up of
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
23.What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date
A. You will receive a zero. B. You will lose a letter grade.
C. You will be given a test. D. You will have to rewrite it.
B
Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. The arugula(芝麻菜)was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out.
In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the moral grain,” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story. It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away—from “ugly”(but quite eatable)vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.
Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”
If that’s hard to understand, let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator. Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time—but for him, it's more like 12 bones of donated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished(有瑕疵的)produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.
Such methods seem obvious, yet so often we just don’t think. “Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says.
24.What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story
A. We pay little attention to food waste. B. We waste food unintentionally at times.
C. We waste more vegetables than meat. D. We have good reasons for wasting food.
25.What is a consequence of food waste according to the test
A. Moral decline. B. Environmental harm. C. Energy shortage. D. Worldwide starvation.
26.What does Curtin’s company do
A. It produces kitchen equipment. B. It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.
C. It helps local farmers grow fruits. D. It makes meals out of unwanted food.
27.What does Curtin suggest people do
A. Buy only what is needed. B. Reduce food consumption.
C. Go shopping once a week. D. Eat in restaurants less often.
C
The elderly residents(居民)in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely.
The project was dreamed up by a local charity(慈善组织)to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people's wellbeing, It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.
Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.
“I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they've gone to bed.”
“It’s good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I'm enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.”
There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.
Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”
Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”
28.What is the purpose of the project
A. To ensure harmony in care homes. B. To provide part-time jobs for the aged.
C. To raise money for medical research. D. To promote the elderly people’s welfare.
29.How has the project affected Ruth Xavier
A. She has learned new life skills. B. She has gained a sense of achievement.
C. She has recovered her memory. D. She has developed a strong personality.
30.What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in paragraph 7
A. Improve. B. Oppose. C. Begin. D. Evaluate.
31.What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs
A. It is well received. B. It needs to be more creative.
C. It is highly profitable. D. It takes ages to see the results.
D
Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages.
More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned(对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure(结构), making it easier to produce such sounds.
The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn’t have to do as much work and so didn’t grow to be so large.
Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.
This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago. “The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,” said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.
32.Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi’s research focus on
A. Its variety. B. Its distribution. C. Its quantity. D. Its development.
33.Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals
A. They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.
B. They could not open and close their lips easily.
C. Their jaws were not conveniently structured.
D Their lower front teeth were not large enough.
34.What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A. Supporting evidence for the research results.
B. Potential application of the research findings.
C. A further explanation of the research methods.
D. A reasonable doubt about the research process.
35.What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds
A. It is key to effective communication. B. It contributes much to cultural diversity.
C. It is a complex and dynamic system. D. It drives the evolution of human beings.
2021年新高考I卷
A
Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel(旅社). The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around $25 a night, and for that, you’ll often get to stay in a central location(位置)with security and comfort.
Yellow Hostel
If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It’s one of the best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. It’s affordable, and it’s got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, it’s close to the main train station.
Hostel Alessandro Palace
If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. There’s also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.
Youth Station Hostel
If you’re looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too; it doesn’t charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it’s close to all of the city’s main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.
21.What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel
A. Comfort. B. Security. C. Price. D. Location.
22.Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life
A. Yellow Hostel. B. Hostel Alessandro Palace.
C. Youth Station Hostel. D. Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes.
23.What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
A. It gets noisy at night. B. Its staff is too talkative.
C. It charges for Wi-Fi. D. It’s inconveniently located.
B
By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova—not as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.”
Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group’s official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
“A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.” Mr Titterton explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.
But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said, “Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.”
Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage.
“My husband is the worst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ’Turn, turn!’ “Robert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.”
24.What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner
A. Read music. B. Play the piano. C. Sing songs. D. Fix the instruments.
25.Which of the following best describes Titterton’s job on stage
A. Boring. B. Well-paid. C. Demanding. D. Dangerous.
26.What does Titterton need to practise
A. Counting the pages. B. Recognizing the “nodding”.
C. Catching falling objects. D. Performing in his own style.
27.Why is Ms Raspopova’s husband “the worse page turner”
A. He has very poor eyesight. B. He ignores the audience.
C. He has no interest in music. D. He forgets to do his job.
C
When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl(水禽)were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.
In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act(Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory(迁徙的)waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival. Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, lowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System—a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come. Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.
28.What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North America
A. Loss of wetlands. B. Popularity of water sports.
C. Pollution of rivers. D. Arrival of other wild animals.
29.What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph
A. Acquire. B. Export. C. Destroy. D. Distribute.
30.What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934
A. The stamp price has gone down. B. The migratory birds have flown away.
C. The hunters have stopped hunting. D. The government has collected money.
31.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. The Federal Duck Stamp Story B. The National Wildlife Refuge System
C. The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl D. The History of Migratory Bird Hunting
D
Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional(情感的)intelligence. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person’s makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.” Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.
We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.
Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis(重视)on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well-being. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.
Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives(视角)from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.
32.What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence
A. It can be measured by an IQ test. B. It helps to exercise a person’s mind.
C. It includes a set of emotional skills. D. It refers to a person’s positive qualities.
33.Why does the author mention “doctor” and “cheater” in paragraph 2
A. To explain a rule. B. To clarify a concept.
C. To present a fact. D. To make a prediction.
34.What is the author’s attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence
A. Favorable. B. Intolerant. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear.
35.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence
A. Its appeal to the public. B. Expectations for future studies.
C. Its practical application. D. Scientists with new perspectives.
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01三年(2021-2023)阅读理解真题解读
——2024年新高考英语题型突破
体裁题材
年份 篇序 体裁 主题 话题
2023 A篇 应用文 人与社会 自行车租赁和有导游的城市游
2022 应用文 人与社会 文学概论课程评分办法
2021 应用文 人与社会 罗马的四个旅馆
2023 B篇 记叙文 人与社会 John 发明了一种净化污水的生态机器
2022 夹叙夹议文 人与自我 拒绝日常生活中食物浪费现象
2021 记叙文 人与社会 琴谱翻页的职业
2023 C篇 说明文 人与自我 数字极简主义生活方式
2022 说明文 人与社会 改善老年人健康状况的项目
2021 说明文 人与自然 美国鸭票：水禽和湿地保护
2023 D篇 说明文 人与社会 “群体智慧”效应
2022 说明文 人与社会 饮食变化带来发音变化
2021 说明文 人与自我 情商是品质还是技能
考点分布
年份 篇序 细节理解题 推理判断题 主旨大意题 词义猜测题
2023 A篇 3
2022 2 1
2021 3
2023 B篇 2 2
2022 3 1
2021 2 2
2023 C篇 1 2 1
2022 3 1
2021 1 1 1 1
2023 D篇 3 1
2022 2 1 1
2021 1 3
合计 20 19 3 3
难度评估
年份 2023 2022 2021
总体难度 中偏难 适中 适中
较难题 30题，31题，32题，33题 24题，32题，35题 29题，33题，35题
总体分析
三年新高考阅读理解体裁A篇为应用文、B篇为记叙文(叙事写人相结合或夹叙夹议文)、CD篇为说明文；所提供的阅读语篇涉及的话题尽管丰富多彩 ，但所选阅读语篇总离不开“人与自我、人与社会和人与自然”等三大话题主题语境；考点主要涉及细节理解题和推理判断题(且以细节理解题为最多)，兼顾考查主旨大意题和词/句义猜测题。以2023年真题为例总体分析如下：
A篇(应用文)主要介绍了在阿姆斯特丹进行自行车租赁和有导游的城市游览的相关信息，包括对阿姆斯特丹最大的自行车租赁公司MacBike的简介、自行车租赁价格以及城市游览的时间、地点、订票方式等。这类介绍旅游的文章可以帮助学生了解不同城市旅游的具体情况，使学生产生兴趣，同时拓宽学生的视野；
B篇(记叙文)讲述了John Todd从小就喜欢探索、喜欢观察大自然，他利用“自然可以自我修复”的原理建造了一个生态机器来净化污水。这篇文章引导学生要善于观察和思考，要了解大自然，并学会运用自然界的一些原理来创造性地解决一些问题；
C篇(说明文)主要介绍了一本提倡数字极简主义生活方式的书籍，其内容涉及如何在生活中进行数字清理，并给出了一些具体的实践例子。通过阅读这篇文章，学生可以了解什么是“数字极简主义”，并思考符合自身情况的生活方式；
D篇(说明文)介绍了关于“群体智慧”效应的相关研究，包括这一效应的基本逻辑、相关的研究过程和发现。学生可以通过阅读这篇文章了解“群体智慧”效应的相关知识，培养科学探究精神。
2023年高考四篇阅读理解题四大考点均有所涉及，且以细节理解题和推理判断题为主，兼顾考查主旨大意题和词义猜测题。对比2021和2022年，2023年阅读理解题难度有所加大。
2023年新高考I卷
A
Bike Rental & Guided Tours
Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake(刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears(排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices
Hand Brake, Three Gears Foot Brake, No Gears
1 hour ?7.50 ?5.00
3 hours ?11.00 ?7.50
1 day(24 hours) ?14.75 ?9.75
Each additional day ?8.00 ?6.00
Guided City Tours
The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
21.What is an advantage of MacBike
A. It gives children a discount. B. It offers many types of bikes.
C. It organizes free cycle tours. D. It has over 2,500 rental shops.
22.How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days
A. ?15.75. B. ?19.50. C. ?22.75. D. ?29.50.
23.Where does the guided city tour start
A. The Gooyer, Windmill. B. The Skinny Bridge.
C. Heineken Brewery. D. Dam Square.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在阿姆斯特丹进行自行车租赁和雇佣导游的操作方式，价格等细节。
21.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据题干关键词“an advantage of MacBike”定位到文章第二段“We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake(刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears(排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.(我们提供种类繁多的最新自行车，包括有脚刹的基本自行车、有手刹和带排挡的自行车、带儿童座椅的自行车和儿童自行车)”可知，MacBike的优势是它提供许多类型的自行车，故选B。
22.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据题干所问的问题定位到定价表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需要14.75欧元，额外增加天数每天8欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要14.75+8=22.75欧元，故选C。
23.【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据题干关键词“the guided city tour”定位到文章最后一段“The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day.(旅游团每小时从大坝广场出发，每天下午1点开始)”可知，导游城市之旅从大坝广场开始，故选D。
B
When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria(细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge(污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse—like facility that treated sewage(污水)from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”
24.What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs
A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.
25.Why did John put the sludge into the tanks
A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem.
C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine.
26.What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou
A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea.
C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.
27.What is the basis for John’s work
A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive.
C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.
【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John Todd从小就很爱思考且好学，他通过观察、思考自然现象而发明了能利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水的“生态机器”的过程。
24.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据题干关键词“the first two paragraphs”定位到文章第一和第二段。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.(当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria(细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals (在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强，故选C。
25.【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据题干关键词“put the sludge into the tanks”定位到文章第三段，根据“After a few weeks, John added the sludge.(几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.(他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器，故选D。
26.【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据题干关键词“in mentioning Fuzhou”定位到文章倒数第二段，根据“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse—like facility that treated sewage(污水)from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.(这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用，故选B。
27.【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据备选项中的关键词“repair itself, Organisms”定位到文章根据最后一段“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.(你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复，故选A。
C
The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.
To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.
The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate(培养)a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude(独处)and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spent on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.
28.What is the book aimed at
A. Teaching critical thinking skills. B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.
C. Solving philosophical problems. D. Promoting the use of a digital device.
29.What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Clear-up. B. Add-on. C. Check-in. D. Take-over.
30.What is presented in the final chapter of part one
A. Theoretical models. B. Statistical methods.
C. Practical examples. D. Historical analyses.
31.What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two
A. Use them as needed. B. Recommend them to friends.
C. Evaluate their effects. D. Identify the ideas behind them.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了数字极简主义生活方式的优点，倡导简单的数字生活方式。
28.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据题干关键词“aimed at”定位到文章第一段，根据“The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.(这本书的目标是为数字极简主义辩护，包括详细探索它的要求和为什么有效，然后如果你认为它适合你，教你如何采用这种哲学)”可知，这本书的目的是倡导简单的数字生活方式，故选B。
29.【答案】A
【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.(这个过程要求你在30天内远离可选的在线活动。在30天结束的时候，你再加上一些你认为会给你所看重的东西带来巨大好处的精心挑选的在线活动)”可推知，画线词“declutter”的意思是“清理”，对在线活动进行清理和挑选，故选A。
30.【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据题干关键词“in the final chapter of part one”定位到文章第四段，通过“In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter.(在第一部分的最后一章中，我将指导您进行自己的数字清理。在这样做的过程中，我将借鉴我在2018年进行的一项实验，在该实验中，1600多人同意进行数字清理)”可推知，第一部分的最后一章介绍了实验与数字清理的实际例子，故选C。
31.【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据题干关键词“do with the practices offered in part two”定位到文章最后一段，通过“You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that words for your particular circumstances.(你可以将这些实践视为一个工具箱，旨在帮助你建立一种适合自己特定情况的极简主义生活方式)”可推知，作者建议读者根据需要与实际情况使用第二部分中提及的实践，故选A。
D
On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.
But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist(转折)on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates Did they follow those least willing to change their minds This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together”. Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.
32.What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about
A. The methods of estimation. B. The underlying logic of the effect.
C. The causes of people’s errors. D. The design of Galton’s experiment.
33.Navajas’ study found that the average accuracy could increase even if _______.
A. the crowds were relatively small B. there were occasional underestimates
C. individuals did not communicate D. estimates were not fully independent
34.What did the follow-up study focus on
A. The size of the groups. B. The dominant members.
C. The discussion process. D. The individual estimates.
35.What is the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies
A. Unclear. B. Dismissive. C. Doubtful. D. Approving.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新研究，该研究阐述了“群体智慧“效应的基本原理。
32.【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。根据题干关键词“paragraph 2”定位到文章第二段，根据“This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and come to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.(这种效应利用了这样一个事实，即当人们犯错误时，这些错误并不总是相同的。有些人常常会高估，或者低估。当这些误差中有足够多的误差被平均在一起时，它们会相互抵消，从而产生更准确的估计。如果相似的人倾向于犯同样的错误，那么他们的错误不会相互抵消。从更专业的角度来说，群众的智慧要求人们的估计是独立的。如果由于任何原因，人们的错误变得相关或依赖，估计的准确性就会下降)”可知，本段阐述了人们所犯的错误不总是相同的，各不相同的误差平均在一起，相互抵消就会产生更准确的估计，讨论了独立估计的平均如何由于误差的消除而产生更准确的预测。因此本段主要解释了“群体智慧”效应这一现象的基本逻辑，故选B。
33.【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据题干关键词“the average accuracy”定位到文章第三段及备选项中的“the crowds, underestimates, independent”等关键词定位到文章第二段。本题是道易错题，很容易误选 A。even if 表示尽管，引导让步状语从句。我们看到第三段 but 后面内容，“The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.(这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一步分成更小的群体并允许进行讨论时，这些群体的平均值比同样数量的独立个体的平均值更准确)”，看到这个于是有的考生就会选 A了，但是看第二段的“In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent.(用更专业的术讲来说，群体智慧要求人们的估计是独立的)”。就是说他提出这么一个观点要得出更准确的估计，是要求人们独立，但是第三段讲人们在没有独立的情况下，只是分成更小群体，然后更准确了，说明即使在估计数字并非完全独立的情况下，准确率提高也是可以做到的。
34.【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据题干关键词“the follow-up study”定位到文章第四段，根据“In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates Did they follow those least willing to change their minds (在一项针对100名大考生的后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中的实际行为。他们是否倾向于选择那些对自己的估计最有信心的人？他们追随那些最不愿意改变主意的人吗)”可知，在后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中实际做了什么。结合两个问题，因此可知后续研究的重点是小组内的讨论过程，故选C。
35.【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据题干关键词“the author’s attitude toward Navajas’ studies”定位到文章最后一段，根据“Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.(尽管Navajas领导的研究有局限性，仍存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响是巨大的)”可知，作者认为虽然Navajas领导的研究有局限性也存在许多问题，但对小组讨论和决策的潜在影响巨大。因此推断作者对于Navajas的研究表示一定的赞许和支持，故选D。
2022年新高考I卷
A
Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature
Grading Scale
90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below 60, E.
Essays(60%)
Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%.
Group Assignments(30%)
Students will work in groups to complete four assignments(作业)during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system.
Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework(10%)
Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class’ lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded.
Late Work
An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.
21.Where is this text probably taken from
A. A textbook. B. An exam paper. C. A course plan. D. An academic article.
22.How many parts is a student’s final grade made up of
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
23.What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date
A. You will receive a zero. B. You will lose a letter grade.
C. You will be given a test. D. You will have to rewrite it.
【语篇导读】本篇为应用文(本篇的体裁也可以认为是说明文)。文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法。
21.【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。本题无法定位，需要综合考虑。根据文章标题“Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature(文学概论课程评分办法)”和Essays(60%)部分“Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade of for this course(你的四篇主要文章将构成本课程评分的主要部分)”可知，文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法，可得出本文是出自一个课程计划，故选C项。
22.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据题干关键词How many parts定位到黑体小标题“Essays(60%)”、“Group Assignments(30%)”和“Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Groups Work/Homework(10%)”可知，考生的最终成绩由3部分组成，故选B项。
23.【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题(根据题干也可以认为是推理判断题)。根据题干关键词due date定位到Late Work部分“If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero.(如果没有在截止日期后的第4天上交，将会得到零分)”可知，如果在截止日期后一周才交文章，你将会得零分，故选A项。
B
Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. The arugula(芝麻菜)was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out.
In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the moral grain,” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story. It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away—from “ugly”(but quite eatable)vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.
Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”
If that’s hard to understand, let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator. Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time—but for him, it's more like 12 bones of donated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished(有瑕疵的)produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.
Such methods seem obvious, yet so often we just don’t think. “Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says.
24.What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story
A. We pay little attention to food waste. B. We waste food unintentionally at times.
C. We waste more vegetables than meat. D. We have good reasons for wasting food.
25.What is a consequence of food waste according to the test
A. Moral decline. B. Environmental harm. C. Energy shortage. D. Worldwide starvation.
26.What does Curtin’s company do
A. It produces kitchen equipment. B. It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.
C. It helps local farmers grow fruits. D. It makes meals out of unwanted food.
27.What does Curtin suggest people do
A. Buy only what is needed. B. Reduce food consumption.
C. Go shopping once a week. D. Eat in restaurants less often.
【语篇导读】本文为夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了人们日常生活中的食物浪费现象，呼吁人们节约粮食，减少浪费，珍惜劳动成果，保护自然资源。
24.【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据题干关键词the arugula story定位到原文的第一段。根据本段中的“Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.(像我们大多数人一样，我努力关注那些被浪费的食物)”及“But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; could have made six salads with what I threw out.(但随着时间的推移，芝麻菜变坏了。更糟糕的是，我不假思索地买了太多东西；我扔掉的东西可以做六份沙拉)”可推知，作者想通过讲述芝麻菜的故事来表明我们有时会无意间浪费食物，故选B。B 选项中的 unintentionally(无意地)与原文中的unthinkingly(不假思索地，轻率地)为近义词。
25.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据题干关键词food waste定位到原文第三段。根据本段中的“Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other, resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”(生产没人吃的食物会浪费用于种植食物的水、燃料和其他资源。这使得食物浪费成为一个环境问题。事实上，罗伊特写道，“如果食物浪费是一个国家，它将是世界上第三大温室气体排放国”)”可知，根据文中的说法，浪费食物的一个后果是对环境的危害，故选B。
26.【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据题干关键词Curtin’s company定位到原文倒数第二段。根据本段中的“Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington. D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished(有瑕疵的)produce, that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.(科廷是华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官，该公司把食物复原，变成健康的食物。去年，该组织通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵的农产品，收回了超过807500磅的食物，否则这些农产品就会在地里腐烂。草莓呢？志愿者们将清洗、切割、冷冻或干燥它们，以便在路上的餐食中使用)”可知，科廷的公司用人们不想要的食物重新制作食物，故选D。
27.【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据题干关键词Curtin定位到原文最后一段。根据本中的““Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says.(“每个人都可以在减少浪费方面发挥作用，无论是在每周的购物中不购买不必要的食物，还是要求餐馆不包括你不吃的配菜，”科廷说)”可知，科廷建议人们只买需要的东西来避免浪费食物，故选A。
C
The elderly residents(居民)in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely.
The project was dreamed up by a local charity(慈善组织)to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people's wellbeing, It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.
Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.
“I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they've gone to bed.”
“It’s good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I'm enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.”
There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.
Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”
Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”
28.What is the purpose of the project
A. To ensure harmony in care homes. B. To provide part-time jobs for the aged.
C. To raise money for medical research. D. To promote the elderly people’s welfare.
29.How has the project affected Ruth Xavier
A. She has learned new life skills. B. She has gained a sense of achievement.
C. She has recovered her memory. D. She has developed a strong personality.
30.What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in paragraph 7
A. Improve. B. Oppose. C. Begin. D. Evaluate.
31.What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs
A. It is well received. B. It needs to be more creative.
C. It is highly profitable. D. It takes ages to see the results.
【语篇导读】本文为说明文。主要介绍了旨在减少孤独，改善老年人的健康状况的项目。
28.【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据题干关键词the project定位到原文第二段。根据“The project was dreamed up by a local charity(慈善组织)to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing(该项目是当地一家慈善机构的创意，旨在减少孤独，改善老年人的健康状况)”可知，这个项目的目的是为了提高老年人的幸福。选项中的“promote the elderly people’s welfare”是原文中的“reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing”同义转换，故选D。
29.【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据题干关键词Ruth Xavier定位到文章第五段。根据““It’s good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I’m enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.”(有不同的关注点很好。人们把自己的孩子带进来看母鸡，居民们也来外面坐着看它们。我喜欢创造性的活动，做一些有用的事情的感觉很好)”可推知，Ruth Xavier通过该项目获得了一种成就感。选项中的“gained a sense of achievement”是原文中的“it feels great to have done something useful”的同义转换，故选B。
30.【答案】C
【解析】词义猜测题。根据题干关键词embark on定位到文章倒数第二段。根据“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.(居民们非常欢迎该项目的想法和创意会议。我们期待这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣)”以及划线处前的“one of the first(第一批人之一)”可知Wendy Wilson是着手这项工程的人之一，划线处的含义与C项：“Begin(开始)”含义相近，故选C。
31.【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据题干关键词the last two paragraphs定位到原文最后两段。根据文章倒数第二段“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.(居民们非常欢迎该项目的想法和创意会议。我们期待这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣)”以及最后一段“Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: “We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”(“诺丁山路径”的负责人林恩·刘易斯说:我们很高兴能参与这个项目。它将通过共同的兴趣和创造性活动真正帮助我们的居民联系起来)”可知，该项目的反响很好。选项中的“It is well received”是原文中的“We are happy to be taking part in the project.”的归纳总结，故选A。
D
Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages.
More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned(对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure(结构), making it easier to produce such sounds.
The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn’t have to do as much work and so didn’t grow to be so large.
Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.
This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago. “The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,” said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.
32.Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi’s research focus on
A. Its variety. B. Its distribution. C. Its quantity. D. Its development.
33.Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals
A. They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.
B. They could not open and close their lips easily.
C. Their jaws were not conveniently structured.
D Their lower front teeth were not large enough.
34.What is paragraph 5 mainly about
A. Supporting evidence for the research results.
B. Potential application of the research findings.
C. A further explanation of the research methods.
D. A reasonable doubt about the research process.
35.What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds
A. It is key to effective communication. B. It contributes much to cultural diversity.
C. It is a complex and dynamic system. D. It drives the evolution of human beings.
【语篇导读】本篇为说明文。文章主要介绍因为饮食的改变导致了现在在世界上一半的语言中发现了新的语音。
32.【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据关键词speech sound和人名Damián Blasi可以定位关键信息在第二段。“More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damian Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.(30多年前，学者Charles Hockett注意到，被称为唇齿音的语音，如“f”和“v”，在吃软食物的社会的语言中更常见。现在，瑞士苏黎世大学的Damian Blasi领导的一组研究人员发现了这一趋势产生的方式和原因)”可以判断Damián Blasi的研究与人类语音的发展变化有关，故选D项。
33.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据题干关键词“ancient human adults”定位到第三段。根据本段中的“They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned, making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure, making it easier to produce such sounds.(他们发现，古人类的上门牙和下门牙是对齐的，因此很难产生唇齿音，唇齿音是通过下唇接触上牙齿而形成的。后来，我们的下颚变成了覆盖咬合结构，更容易发出这样的声音)”可知，因为古代成年人的下颚骨结构使他们很难发出唇齿音，故选C项。
34.【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。根据题干关键词“paragraph 5”定位到第五段。根据第五段主题句Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age.中的关键词Analyses(分析)of a language database(数据库)also confirmed(也证实)可以断定第五段用来进一步证实第四段的发现。“Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the so Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v”increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.(对语言数据库的分析也证实，在新石器时代之后，世界语言的发音发生了全球性的变化，在过去几千年里，“f”和“v”的使用显著增加。这些声音在今天许多狩猎采集者的语言中仍然没有发现)”可知，第五段主要是通过列明数据分析结果来进一步证明研究结果，故选A项。
35.【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据题干关键词Steven Moran可以精准定位关键信息在第六段的引号中。“The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,”(自从人类出现以来，我们使用的语音不一定保持稳定，我们今天发现的各种语音都是生物变化和文化进化等复杂相互作用的产物)可知，Steven Moran认为语音是一个复杂的动态系统，故选C项。
2021年新高考I卷
A
Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel(旅社). The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around $25 a night, and for that, you’ll often get to stay in a central location(位置)with security and comfort.
Yellow Hostel
If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It’s one of the best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. It’s affordable, and it’s got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, it’s close to the main train station.
Hostel Alessandro Palace
If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. There’s also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.
Youth Station Hostel
If you’re looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too; it doesn’t charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it’s close to all of the city’s main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.
21.What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel
A. Comfort. B. Security. C. Price. D. Location.
22.Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life
A. Yellow Hostel. B. Hostel Alessandro Palace.
C. Youth Station Hostel. D. Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes.
23.What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
A. It gets noisy at night. B. Its staff is too talkative.
C. It charges for Wi-Fi. D. It’s inconveniently located.
【语篇导读】本文为应用文。文章介绍了罗马的几个价格低廉，安全舒适的旅馆。
21.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的travelers who choose to stay in a hostel可以定位到第一段第一句：
“Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel(旅社).”(对于游客来说，在罗马住宿可能非常昂贵，这就是为什么很多游客选择住在旅社)可知，选择住旅社的游客可能最关心的是价格，故选C。
22.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的best、social life等可以定位到Hostel Alessandro Palace部分的第一句：If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome.”(如果你喜欢社交旅社，对你来说，在罗马，亚历山德罗宫殿旅社就是最好的选择)，故选B。
23.【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes可以定位到Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes部分，需要研读其下However(考点提示词)重点句“However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.”(但是，你需要支付每天2欧元的Wi-Fi)可知Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes的缺点是Wi-Fi收费，故选C。
B
By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova—not as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.”
Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group’s official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
“A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.” Mr Titterton explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.
But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said, “Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.”
Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage.
“My husband is the worst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ’Turn, turn!’ “Robert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.”
24.What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner
A. Read music. B. Play the piano. C. Sing songs. D. Fix the instruments.
25.Which of the following best describes Titterton’s job on stage
A. Boring. B. Well-paid. C. Demanding. D. Dangerous.
26.What does Titterton need to practise
A. Counting the pages. B. Recognizing the “nodding”.
C. Catching falling objects. D. Performing in his own style.
27.Why is Ms Raspopova’s husband “the worse page turner”
A. He has very poor eyesight. B. He ignores the audience.
C. He has no interest in music. D. He forgets to do his job.
【语篇导读】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述为音乐家在演奏时“翻页人(翻乐谱的人)”这个角色，虽然这个角色不是很起眼，但是它需要音乐相关的背景知识和相当多的训练。
24.【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词to be a page turner定位到第一段破折号后面的“not as a musician but as her page turner.(不是作为乐师，而是作为她的翻页人)”，再根据其后面的一句“I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.(我不是受过训练的乐师，但我学会了识谱，这样我就可以在Maria的表演时帮助她)”，由此可知，Titterton因为识谱，所以可以在Maria的钢琴表演中为她翻页，故选A项。
25.【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。对于Titterton在舞台上的工作的描述，文章重点用了三个自然段，即第3-5段。第3自然段的第一句为主题句(这项工作需要好多技能)，后面的内容是对主题句的展开。第4自然段第一句为主题句(做一名翻页人需要进行大量的练习)，后面的内容是对主题句的展开。第5自然段第一句为主题句(就像所有的表演一样，有时会出现失误)，后面的内容是对主题句的展开。综合上面三个段落可知，“做翻页人这项工作”是不容易的，而且可能出错，所以选C项Demanding(要求高的)。
26.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据题干关键词practise定位到第四段的最后一句“Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of ‘nodding’ to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.”在台上无声的交流是关键，每个钢琴家都有自己的“点头”风格来表示他们需要用翻页器练习的翻页，故选B项。
27.【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词the worse page turner(最差劲的翻页人)定位到最后一段(注意最后一段第一句话：My husband is the worst page turner)，接在第一句话后面就分析了为什么Ms Raspopova的丈夫是“最差劲的翻页人”。原来他在翻页时只是在享受美妙的乐曲而忘记翻页，所以“我”不得不说：“翻页，翻页啊！”由此可见，他过分投入音乐本身而忘记了翻页的职责，故选D项。
C
When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl(水禽)were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.
In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act(Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory(迁徙的)waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival. Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, lowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System—a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come. Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.
28.What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North America
A. Loss of wetlands. B. Popularity of water sports.
C. Pollution of rivers. D. Arrival of other wild animals.
29.What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph
A. Acquire. B. Export. C. Destroy. D. Distribute.
30.What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934
A. The stamp price has gone down. B. The migratory birds have flown away.
C. The hunters have stopped hunting. D. The government has collected money.
31.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. The Federal Duck Stamp Story B. The National Wildlife Refuge System
C. The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl D. The History of Migratory Bird Hunting
【语篇导读】本文为说明文。文章介绍了美国鸭票(说明的对象)，从鸭票诞生背景、具体内容和影响三个方面进行了阐述。文章介绍了美国鸭票，由于美国移民的大量流入，对于农地和住房的急需大量的水禽栖息地被破坏导致美国水禽骤减，因此美国发行了鸭票，狩猎者只有购买了鸭票才能狩猎，而鸭票的部分收入进入到了用于购买水禽栖息地的基金，从而保护了水禽。
28.【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的“decline”与本段最后一句中的“reducing”是同义词，可以确定最后一句就是答案所在处。最后一句的意思是“为了解决不断增长的人口的吃住问题，数百万英亩的湿地被抽干，用作农地或修建住房，极大地减少了水禽的栖息地。”故可知，栖息地的减少导致了水禽数量的下降，故选A项。
29.【答案】C
【解析】词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句句首的Unfortunately，可以断定本句表达的内容是负面信息，是指不好的事情。根据前一句“Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely.”可知，北美的土著人把这些珍贵的自然资源保护的很合理，本句中的“Unfortunately”可知，本句与上一句形成了转折，前一句陈述北美土著人做的好的地方，故可知，本句阐述移民者做的不好的地方，即移民者破坏了这些自然资源，故画线词意思是“破坏”，故选C项。A. Acquire获得；B. Export出口；C. Destroy破坏；D. Distribute分配。
30.【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。由题干中的in 1934可以定位到第二段，但由题干中的the result可以定位到第三段。所以第二段跳过不读，直接看第三段即最后一段。根据最后一段“Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat.”可知，自1934年起，超过5亿美元进入到了这个基金会，购买了超过500万公顷的水禽栖息地，故可以推出，通过发行鸭票，美国政府获得了大量的资金，故选D项。
31.【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。第一段根据Unfortunately可知，出现了问题：水禽数量骤降。第二段就是如何解决问题：发行了美国鸭票，既满足了狩猎者的需求，同时又募集到了保护水禽所需的钱。第三段就是结果如何：文中最后一句更是点睛之笔(Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.难怪联邦鸭票计划被称为有史以来最成功的保护计划之一)，故可知，本文讲述美国鸭票的故事，故选A项。
D
Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional(情感的)intelligence. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person’s makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.” Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence.
We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.
Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis(重视)on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well-being. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.
Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives(视角)from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.
32.What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence
A. It can be measured by an IQ test. B. It helps to exercise a person’s mind.
C. It includes a set of emotional skills. D. It refers to a person’s positive qualities.
33.Why does the author mention “doctor” and “cheater” in paragraph 2
A. To explain a rule. B. To clarify a concept.
C. To present a fact. D. To make a prediction.
34.What is the author’s attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence
A. Favorable. B. Intolerant. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear.
35.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence
A. Its appeal to the public. B. Expectations for future studies.
C. Its practical application. D. Scientists with new perspectives.
【语篇导读】本文为说明文。文章介绍了情商的定义以及对有关于情商未来研究的期望。
32.【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词misunderstanding定位到第一段第二句(Many people now
misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's makeup许多人现在误解了情商，认为情商几乎是一个人性格中所有令人向往的品质)说明人们误认为情商都是指好的方面(但实际上是有好有坏)，故选D项。
33.【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。直接定位到第二段。本段承接第一段，为了让人更容易理解概念，采用了举例子的方法，说明情商涵盖的内容有好有坏，而不是人们误认为的情商高都是好事。因此作者在第二段提到“医生”和“骗子”，是为了阐明情商的正确含义，消除人们的误解，故选B. To clarify a concept.(为了澄清概念)。
34.【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词emotional intelligence直接定位到第三段。研读第三段：第三段3句话，句间无连接词，但第一句有Although，基本可以确定答案就在第一句。第一句逗号前的句子可跳过不读，而重点看逗号后的句子“the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful.”但大众化的总体效果是利大于弊。后面两句一定是对这一观点的具体阐明，可跳过不看。既然“总体效果是利大于弊”，可以看出作者对情商大众化会持支持态度的，故选A项。
35.【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词emotional intelligence直接定位到最后一段。第一句有Although，重点关注逗号后的“we hope”部分“we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives from which to study how people manage their lives.(我们希望这种关注将激发人们对情感科学和学术研究的更大兴趣。我们希望在未来的几十年里，科学的进步将为研究人们如何管理自己的生活提供新的视角)”中的第二句有“It is our hope that”，B选项中有“expectations”，与hope是同义词，故选B项，本段主要谈了对未来关于情商研究的期望。
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