高一英语
第I卷 (共95分)
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1. 5分，共7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is Nancy’s plan for Christmas
A. To have dinner at home. B. To do volunteer work. C. To visit some friends.
2. Which subject does the girl dislike
A. Art. B. Geography. C. History.
3. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a phone shop. B. In a bookstore. C. In the library.
4. What does the woman mean
A. She is likely to visit the castle.
B. She is impressed with the visit.
C. She is disappointed at the castle.
5. What does the girl want
A. A sweater. B. A dress. C. Shoes.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the speakers’ destination
A. The markets. B. The water gardens. C. The ancient district.
7. Who is the woman going to get a present for
A. Her dad. B. Her mum. C. Her sister.
听第7段材料，回答第 8 、9题。
8. How does the woman suggest the man travel
A. By car. B. By bus. C. By subway.
9. Why will the man go to the city center
A. To find a job. B. To take a class. C. To meet his friend.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 13 题。
10. Where does the conversation take place
A. At a restaurant. B. In a hospital. C. Over the phone.
11. What is changing temporarily about the store
A. The prices of dishes.
B. The open area for customers.
C. The opening hours.
12. What is the purpose of the change
A. To limit customers’ contact.
B. To save customers’ time.
C. To touch less food.
13. What will be used in this week’s special in the end
A. Chicken. B. Seafood. C. Beef.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17题。
14. What is the woman’s major
A. Architecture. B. Engineering. C. Information technology.
15. What factor does the woman care most about building design
A. Low costs. B. Modern styles. C. Environmental protection.
16. What is the woman’s biggest design idea about
A. Keeping heat. B. Generating electricity. C. Supplying water.
17. What does the man think of the woman’s ideas
A. Impractical. B. Wonderful. C. Outdated.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。
18. What can tourists see in the Entrance Hall
A. Some paintings
B. Some real flowers and leaves
C. An exhibition of extinct animals
19. When can tourists watch a short film about the earth
A. At 2:35 p.m. B. At 3:25 p.m. C. At 5:10 p.m.
20. Where is the bookshelf
A. On the first floor B. On the second floor C. On the third floor
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
David Shepherd Wildlife Foundation (DSWF) is delighted to welcome faithful supporters and new friends to join us at our annual Wildlife Ball to celebrate the natural world and conservation. Hosted by the grand Dorchester Hotel in London, the DSWF Wildlife Ball will take place on the 27th July 2024 where we’ll bring the wilderness to life with our very own Sundown Safari (观赏之旅).
Join a black-tie gastronomical (美食) safari
As part of a black-tie gastronomical safari, guests will be treated to a mouth-watering three-course meal, enjoy world-class entertainment and listen to insightful and inspiring speeches about DSWF’s conservation work to turn the tables on extinction.
The DSWF Wildlife Ball helps raise vital funds and awareness for our essential work, protecting endangered species and their habitats across the world. After a year away we are excited to be welcoming you back and look forward to being your guides at what promises to be a night to remember in support of wildlife.
Last year, the virtual Wildlife Ball raised over 800,000 for DSWF’s vital conservation efforts across Africa and Asia, despite not being able to celebrate in person. We are really excited to invite you back to the Dorchester Hotel, who are our generous hosts, and together aim to celebrate wildlife and the wilderness in style and to raise vital funds to help in the fight for a greener future.
Book tickets to the Wildlife Ball 2024
Book tickets or register your interest today to avoid disappointment. Either by emailing the team at wildlifeball @ davidshepherd.org or by calling the DSWF office on 01483 272323.
Individual Tickets: 200(Children under 12 get 40%off)
VIP packages are available on request.
1. What do we learn about Wildlife Ball 2024
A. It’ll be held in the wild.
B. It’ll offer guests a delicious meal.
C. It’ll allow guests to watch ball games.
D. It’ll be followed by a guided tour of London.
2. What’s the main purpose of hosting Wildlife Ball 2024
A. To entertain supporters B. To celebrate the festival
C. To obtain financial support. D. To interact with wild animals.
3. What’s the admission fee for a couple with their ten-year-old twins
A. 440. B. 520. C. 560. D. 640.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Dorchester大酒店主办的DSWF野生动物舞会将于2024年7月27日举行，文章就其相关的项目活动安排，目的以及费用进行了详细解释。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Join a black-tie gastronomical (美食) safari部分内容“As part of a black-tie gastronomical safari, guests will be treated to a mouth-watering three-course meal, enjoy world-class entertainment and listen to insightful and inspiring speeches about DSWF’s conservation work to turn the tables on extinction.(作为一场正式的美食之旅的一部分，客人们将享用令人垂涎的三道菜大餐，享受世界级的娱乐活动，并听取有关DSWF保护工作的深刻和鼓舞人心的演讲，以扭转物种灭绝的命运。)”可知，Wildlife Ball 2024将会给客人提供美味大餐。故选B。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章Join a black-tie gastronomical (美食) safari部分内容“We are really excited to invite you back to the Dorchester Hotel, who are our generous hosts, and together aim to celebrate wildlife and the wilderness in style and to raise vital funds to help in the fight for a greener future.(我们非常高兴地邀请您回到Dorchester酒店，我们慷慨的主人，我们共同致力于以时尚的方式庆祝野生动物和荒野，并筹集重要资金，以帮助争取更绿色的未来。)”可知，2024野生动物舞会的目的在于筹集资金。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Book tickets to the Wildlife Ball 2024部分内容“Individual Tickets: 200(Children under 12 get 40% off)(个人票：200英镑（12岁以下儿童6折）)”可知，单人票价为200英镑，12岁以下儿童6折应是“200英镑*（100%-40%）=120英镑”，因此，一对夫妇两人带着10岁的双胞胎儿童，票价应是“200英镑*2+120英镑*2=640英镑”。故选D。
B
Having grown up in northern Arizona with the immortal Grand Canyon and the iron red plateaus of Sedona in my backyard, I believed that the southwestern state is home to the most beautiful landscapes on the planet. Towering mountain titans, a cozy valley and an infinite blue sky promised fantastic potential for exploration. For me, no newly discovered sights or foreign landscapes can compare with its beauty.
That is, until I was invited to explore Guizhou province by the China Storyteller Partnerships Tour. Had someone vividly described how beautiful Guizhou can be in poetic detail, they would not have done it exactly. There is no substitute for seeing with one’s own eyes. I will attempt to do so.
During my trip around the city of Xingyi, in Guizhou, I saw the artwork of the Bouyei ethnic group. They use dyes produced from local plants to make clothing of striking blues and greens. Local elders still practice weaving with artful wooden machines and pass that tradition on to their grandchildren.
My father used to drag my brothers and me on yearly fishing trips around Arizona. We would compete to catch the largest fish, and in the mornings, Dad would cook us a basic breakfast of bacon, eggs, and toast. I sat in a small boat in the middle of the lake, with fishing pole moving slowly in my impatient hands, and held my bored tongue while my father attempted to share with me the whispers of the wind, a fish dancing on the surface of the lake or the majesty of a hawk hunting for prey overhead. On my trip to Guizhou I had the opportunity to paddle on Wanfeng lake. At one point I rested, floating at the center of the lake, listening to the spaces between silence and taking in the surrounding karst (喀斯特) mountains. I thought about my childhood, and wished I had listened more closely to my father while fishing.
I’ve lived away from Arizona for 10 long years, carving my own destiny in China. I’ve managed to build myself a family, a career, a livelihood, and various projects. I feel as though I have everything that I need. For a moment, in Guizhou, I felt home.
4. What do we know about the author’s hometown
A. Situated in the north of US, it is home to Grand Canyon.
B. It has varied landscapes, ranging from plateau to valley.
C. Apparently, there’s no comparison in terms of beauty.
D. The author spent his childhood and adulthood in his hometown.
5. What does the underlined word “substitute” probably mean in paragraph 2
A. Experience. B. Replacement.
C. Objection. D. Agreement.
6. What is the purpose of paragraph 4
A. To express his regret not listening to his father closely.
B. To recall the most unforgettable experience with his family.
C. To compare the trip on Wangfeng lake with his former fishing trips.
D. To suggest that his trip in Guizhou takes him back to his childhood.
7. What does the author think of his life in Guizhou
A. Unavoidable. B. Favorable.
C. Demanding. D. Astonishing.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。 文章讲述一个美国人对中国山水和人文的依恋。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Having grown up in northern Arizona with the immortal Grand Canyon and the iron red plateaus of Sedona in my backyard, I believed that the southwestern state is home to the most beautiful landscapes on the planet.(我在Arizona州北部长大，在我的后院有不朽的大峡谷和铁红色的塞多纳高原，我相信这个西南部的州是地球上最美丽的风景的家园。)”可知，作者的家乡拥有从高原到山谷的各种景观。故选B。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“That is, until I was invited to explore Guizhou province by the China Storyteller Partnerships Tour. Had someone vividly described how beautiful Guizhou can be in poetic detail, they would not have done it exactly.(直到我被China Storyteller Partnerships Tour邀请去贵州探险。如果有人用诗意的细节生动地描述贵州的美丽，他们不会准确地做到这一点。)”可知，作者在去贵州之前知道贵州的美曾在诗句中体现，直到他去了贵州，才体会到去了贵州就如同回到了自己美丽的家乡，因此推断划线句句意为“没有亲身体会是无法感知到的”，也就是说什么也代替不了亲眼所见。划线词substitute意为“代替”，和replacement意思相近。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“My father used to drag my brothers and me on yearly fishing trips around Arizona.(我父亲过去每年都会拉着我和兄弟们去亚利桑那州钓鱼。)”提到了作者的父亲带作者去钓鱼，接下来描述了当时与父亲在一起钓鱼的经历和作者贵州之行的经历，结合本段最后一句“I thought about my childhood, and wished I had listened more closely to my father while fishing.(我想起了我的童年，真希望我在钓鱼的时候能更仔细地听父亲的话。)”可推断，本段的目的是表明贵州之行让作者回忆起自己的童年时光。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“I’ve lived away from Arizona for 10 long years, carving my own destiny in China. I’ve managed to build myself a family, a career, a livelihood, and various projects. I feel as though I have everything that I need. For a moment, in Guizhou, I felt home.(我离开亚利桑那州生活了10年，在中国开创了自己的命运。我成功地建立了自己的家庭、事业、生计和各种各样的项目。我觉得我拥有了我所需要的一切。在贵州的那一刻，我有了家的感觉。)”可推断，对于在贵州的生活，作者是称赞的。故选B。
C
Look out the window or walk over to a patch of soil near your home. It could be reddish brown, black, dark gray or even the colour of rich, dark chocolate. If it’s moist enough, run your hands through it. It may separate into thick clumps that can hold water and later release it. With a few exceptions—such as desert sites—this is how good soil behaves.
In fact, the number of microscopic organisms that live in a shovelful of rich garden soil exceeds the number of plants and animals inhabiting the entire aboveground Amazon rainforest. And the Amazon is known for having more plants and animals than any other land-based habitat.
Soil is what supports life on Earth. Most people give it little thought, but it feeds us and the ecosystems around us. It is where countless species make their homes. It collects water, pulls pollutants from the air and helps support the planet’s atmosphere. Soil is one of Mother Nature’s unsung heroes.
And while most soil looks like it’s static, just sitting there unmoving, it actually hosts plenty of activities. Its earthworms may be digging tunnels. Worms are weightlifters. But they aren’t the only ones making changes. Other creatures below ground are too tiny to see with the unaided eye. These include one celled creatures called protozoa (单细胞生物). They improve soil by eating bacteria and releasing nitrogen, which helps plants grow.
And then there are all those bacteria. Most people think of them as dangerous. In soils, they not only serve as prey to beneficial protozoa, but also perform an environmental service. They help recycle dead plant parts and animal tissues into nutrients. They even turn some pollutants in soil and water into more of the nutrients that can sustain the diverse species that make up lively ecosystems beneath our feet.
8. What’s the purpose of mentioning the Amazon rainforest in the second paragraph
A. To indicate the rich species in the Amazon rainforest.
B. To introduce the rich soil in the Amazon rainforest.
C. To stress the variety of microscopic organisms in the rich soil.
D. To illustrate biodiversity aboveground the Amazon rainforest.
9. What can we infer from the third paragraph
A. Soil is something that supports life on Earth.
B. Soil provides a variety of benefits to our planet.
C. Soil determines the quality of our ecosystems.
D. Soil is the Mother Nature’s unsung hero.
10. Which of the following sentences is TRUE according to the text
A. The soil in the desert behaves as well as good soil does.
B. Most people give thought to soil for it supports life on Earth.
C Most soil indeed hosts plenty of activities though it looks quiet.
D The bacteria in soils almost do no good to the environment.
11. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the text
A. Categories of the Soil on Earth B. The Disappearance of the Rich Soil
C. Biodiversity in the Amazon Rainforest D. Healthy Soil Supports Life on Our Planet
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章解释了土壤的重要性以及土壤支持地球上生命的各种方式。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“In fact, the number of microscopic organisms that live in a shovelful of rich garden soil exceeds the number of plants and animals inhabiting the entire aboveground Amazon rainforest.(事实上，生活在一锹肥沃的花园土壤中的微生物数量超过了生活在整个亚马逊雨林中的动植物数量。)”可知，提到亚马逊雨林是为了强调土壤中存在的大量微生物，并将其与亚马逊雨林的巨大生物多样性进行比较，亚马逊雨林被称为拥有最多动植物的栖息地，由此表明肥沃土壤中微生物的多样性。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“It is where countless species make their homes. It collects water, pulls pollutants from the air and helps support the planet’s atmosphere. Soil is one of Mother Nature’s unsung heroes.( 这里是无数物种的家园。它收集水，从空气中吸收污染物，并帮助维持地球的大气。土壤是大自然母亲的无名英雄之一。)”可知，在第三段中，作者列举了土壤造福地球的方式，包括为我们和生态系统提供食物、为物种提供住所、收集水、过滤污染物和支持大气即土壤为我们的星球提供了各种各样的好处。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“And while most soil looks like it’s static, just sitting there unmoving, it actually hosts plenty of activities.(虽然大多数土壤看起来是静态的，只是坐在那里不动，但它实际上承载了大量的活动。)”可知，虽然土壤看起来是静态的，但它实际上承载着各种各样的活动，比如蚯蚓挖隧道和微生物回收养分。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Soil is what supports life on Earth. (土壤维系着地球上的生命。)”以及倒数第二段中“And while most soil looks like it’s static, just sitting there unmoving, it actually hosts plenty of activities.(虽然大多数土壤看起来是静态的，只是坐在那里不动，但它实际上承载了大量的活动。)”以及最后一段中“Most people think of them as dangerous. In soils, they not only serve as prey to beneficial protozoa, but also perform an environmental service. They help recycle dead plant parts and animal tissues into nutrients. They even turn some pollutants in soil and water into more of the nutrients that can sustain the diverse species that make up lively ecosystems beneath our feet.( 大多数人认为它们很危险。在土壤中，它们不仅是有益原生动物的猎物，而且还具有环境服务作用。它们有助于将死去的植物和动物组织转化为营养物质。它们甚至将土壤和水中的一些污染物转化为更多的营养物质，这些营养物质可以维持构成我们脚下活跃生态系统的各种物种。)”可知，文章解释了土壤的重要性以及土壤支持地球上生命的各种方式。故选D。
D
It is widely accepted that being overweight definitely poses a danger to our health. According to a new study, obesity may even damage the brain’s ability to recognize the sensation of fullness and be satisfied after eating fats and sugars.
Further, those brain changes may last even after people considered medically obese lose a significant amount of weight — possibly explaining why many people often regain the pounds they lose.
The study, published Monday in Nature Metabolism, was a controlled clinical trial in which 30 people considered to be medically obese and 30 people of normal weight were fed sugar carbohydrates (glucose), fats (lipids) or water (as a control). Each group of nutrients was fed directly into the stomach via a feeding tube on separate days.
The night before the testing, all 60 study participants had the same meal for dinner at home and did not eat again until the feeding tube was in place the next morning. As either sugars or fats entered the stomach via the tube, researchers used functional magnetic resonance(磁共振) imaging and single-photon emission computed tomography(断层扫描技术) to capture the brain’s response over 30 minutes.
In people with normal weight, the study found brain signals in the striatum(纹状体) slowed when either sugars or fats were put into the digestive system — evidence that the brain recognized the body had been fed. At the same time, levels of dopamine rose in those at normal weight, signaling that the reward centers of the brain were also activated. However, when the same nutrients were given via feeding tube to people considered medically obese, brain activity did not slow, and dopamine levels did not rise.
Next, the study asked people with obesity to lose 10% of their body weight within three months — an amount of weight known to improve blood sugars, reset metabolism and boost overall health.
Tests were repeated as before — with surprising results. Losing weight did not reset the brain in people with obesity.
Much more research is needed to fully understand what obesity does to the brain, and if that is triggered by the fat tissue itself, the types of food eaten, or other environmental and genetic factors.
12. What aspects did the researchers mainly focus on in the research
A. Blood sugars and metabolism. B. Diet and environmental factors.
C. Nutrients and the digestive system. D. Brain activities and dopamine levels.
13. What are the correct procedures of the study
①Providing participants with the same nutrients separately.
②Classifying participants in different groups by weight.
③Repeating the test on those who lost required weight.
④Detecting the brain’s reaction of the participants.
A. ①④③② B. ④①②③
C. ②①④③ D. ②①③④
14. What can be inferred about the study
A. Weight loss had no impact on the brain’s response to food.
B. The level of dopamine was closely related to people’s brain activity.
C. Nutrients taken by participants affected their digestive system rather than brain activity.
D. The sum of dopamine released varied slightly among participants with different weights.
15. What is the most suitable title for the article
A. Effective Strategies for Weight Loss in Obesity
B. The Persistent Effects of Obesity on the Brain
C. Exploring the Brain’s Response to Sugars and Fats
D. How Obesity Harms the Brain’s Fullness Sensation
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了研究表明肥胖可能损害大脑识别饱腹感的能力，以及在摄入脂肪和糖后感到满足的能力，而且在人们减掉了大量体重后，这些大脑变化也可能持续下去，这可能解释了为什么许多人经常会反弹。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“As either sugars or fats entered the stomach via the tube, researchers used functional magnetic resonance(磁共振) imaging and single-photon emission computed tomography(断层扫描技术) to capture the brain’s response over 30 minutes.(当糖或脂肪通过胃食管进入胃时，研究人员使用了磁共振扫描和成像与断层扫描技术，以在30分钟内捕捉大脑的反应。)”和第五段“In people with normal weight, the study found brain signals in the striatum(纹状体) slowed when either sugars or fats were put into the digestive system — evidence that the brain recognized the body had been fed. At the same time, levels of dopamine rose in those at normal weight, signaling that the reward centers of the brain were also activated. However, when the same nutrients were given via feeding tube to people considered medically obese, brain activity did not slow, and dopamine levels did not rise.(研究发现，在体重正常的人身上，当糖或脂肪被输入消化系统时，纹状体中的大脑信号速度减慢，这表明大脑识别出身体已经满足。与此同时，体重正常的人体内多巴胺水平升高，表明大脑的奖励中心也被激活。然而，当通过喂食管给医学上认为肥胖的人提供相同的营养时，大脑活动并没有减缓，多巴胺水平也没有上升。)”可知，研究人员主要关注的是大脑活动和多巴胺水平。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The study, published Monday in Nature Metabolism, was a controlled clinical trial in which 30 people considered to be medically obese and 30 people of normal weight were fed sugar carbohydrates (glucose), fats (lipids) or water (as a control).(周一在《自然代谢》杂志上发表的这项研究是一项对照临床试验，其中30名医学上认为肥胖的人和30名体重正常的人被喂食糖碳水化合物——葡萄糖、脂肪——脂质、或水——作为对照。)”可知，在进行研究时，首先将参与者按照体重分成两组，给每组参与者分别喂食同样的营养物质。根据第四段中的“As either sugars or fats entered the stomach via the tube, researchers used functional magnetic resonance(磁共振) imaging and single-photon emission computed tomography(断层扫描技术) to capture the brain’s response over 30 minutes.(当糖或脂肪通过胃食管进入胃时，研究人员使用了磁共振扫描和成像与断层扫描技术，以在30分钟内捕捉大脑的反应。)”可知，在喂食时研究人员会监测大脑的反应。根据第六段“Next, the study asked people with obesity to lose 10% of their body weight within three months — an amount of weight known to improve blood sugars, reset metabolism and boost overall health.(接下来，这项研究要求肥胖者在三个月内减掉10%的体重，这个体重可以改善血糖，重置新陈代谢，促进整体健康。)”和第七段中的“Tests were repeated as before — with surprising results.(按照之前的模式重复测试，结果令人惊讶。)”可知，肥胖者减肥后再次重复测试。由此可知，该研究的正确步骤是②①④③。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段中的“Losing weight did not reset the brain in people with obesity.(减肥并没有使肥胖者的大脑重新设置。)”可推测出，减肥对大脑对于食物的反应方面没有影响。故选A。
【15题详解】
标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“According to a new study, obesity may even damage the brain’s ability to recognize the sensation of fullness and be satisfied after eating fats and sugars.(根据一项新的研究，肥胖甚至可能损害大脑识别饱腹感的能力，以及在摄入脂肪和糖后感到满足的能力。)”和第二段“Further, those brain changes may last even after people considered medically obese lose a significant amount of weight — possibly explaining why many people often regain the pounds they lose.(此外，即使在医学上被认为肥胖的人减掉了大量体重后，这些大脑变化也可能持续下去——这可能解释了为什么许多人经常会重拾他们减掉的体重。)”可知，本文主要讲述了一项研究说明，肥胖可能损害大脑识别饱腹感的能力，以及在摄入脂肪和糖后感到满足的能力，而且即使人们减掉了大量体重，这些大脑变化也可能持续下去，所以许多人经常会反弹。由此可推测出。B项“肥胖对大脑的持续影响”最适合作本文标题。故选B。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容,从文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever struggled to understand how someone else feels Building up your empathy (同理心) skills helps you connect with your friends. ____16____
What is empathy
Empathy is a kind of capability that lets you step into someone else’s shoes and then figure out how they are feeling. For instance, if you can see your friend is upset after losing a football match and you support them by telling them some warm and motivating words, you are showing empathy. Miranda McKeamey set up an organization called EmpathyLab that builds empathy through reading. ____17____ “Empathy is a force for change,” she says.
____18____
Scientists say empathy isn’t something you are born with, it’s a skill you can acquire through learning. One way you can do this is by active listening. When someone is talking to you, listen closely and respond in a way that shows you understand their situations and emotions thoroughly. Reading, advocated by EmpathyLab, is also a great way to boost empathy, since stories can take you inside someone else’s mind and show you the world through their eves and emotions.
Put empathy into action.
____19____ This could mean trying out something that is important to a friend or family member, like exploring their favorite place. EmpathyLab advocated ideas for putting empathy into action in schools or at home. That might be connecting with someone new in your class and having a friendly conversation, or making small changes to your behaviour. All small acts of kindness to others can make a difference, which in turn will be copied by someone else. ____20____
A. How can you have more empathy
B. Who need empathy most in daily life
C. Besides, it also spreads kindness and inspires them to do the same.
D. To find out more conducts you can do, log in EmpathyLab..
E. Only by putting empathy into action can you relate to others’ bad lives.
F. She believes even small, supportive actions can have a positive impact.
G. Miranda recommends going into the thick of people’s lives to show empathy.
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. A 19. G 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍什么是同理心，获得同理心的方法和将同理心付诸行动的做法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Have you ever struggled to understand how someone else feels Building up your empathy (同理心) skills helps you connect with your friends. (你是否曾努力去理解别人的感受？培养同理心可以帮助你与朋友建立联系)”及下文各小标题可知，设空处应继续说同理心的好处，引出下文对同理心的介绍，C选项“此外，它还传播善意，并激励他们也这样做。”符合题意，顺承上文，故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Miranda McKeamey set up an organization called EmpathyLab that builds empathy through reading. (米兰达·麦基米成立了一个名为“共情实验室”的组织，通过阅读培养共情能力)”和下文““Empathy is a force for change,” she says. (同理心是一种改变的力量，”她说)”可知，设空处应表达为米兰达·麦基米认可同理心，表达自己的看法，F选项“她认为，即使是很小的支持性行动也能产生积极的影响。”符合题意，并且呼应下文，故选F。
【18题详解】
设空处为小标题。根据下文内容“Scientists say empathy isn’t something you are born with, it’s a skill you can acquire through learning. One way you can do this is by active listening. When someone is talking to you, listen closely and respond in a way that shows you understand their situations and emotions thoroughly. Reading, advocated by EmpathyLab, is also a great way to boost empathy, since stories can take you inside someone else’s mind and show you the world through their eves and emotions. (科学家表示，同理心不是与生俱来的，而是一种可以通过学习获得的技能。其中一个方法就是积极倾听。当有人和你说话时，仔细倾听，并以一种表明你完全理解他们的处境和情绪的方式回应。同理心实验室提倡的阅读也是增强同理心的好方法，因为故事可以让你进入别人的内心，通过他们的眼睛和情感向你展示这个世界)”可知，本段主要讲获得同理心的方法，A选项“你怎样才能有更多的同理心？”符合本段主旨，故选A。
【19题详解】
下文“This could mean trying out something that is important to a friend or family member, like exploring their favorite place. (这可能意味着要尝试一些对朋友或家人很重要的东西。比如探索他们最喜欢的地方)”，G选项“米兰达建议深入人们的生活，以表达同情。”中的“people’s lives”呼应上文的“their favorite place”，也就是要去家人或者朋友中的生活中去做一些事情来表达同情，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据上文“EmpathyLab advocated ideas for putting empathy into action in schools or at home. That might be connecting with someone new in your class and having a friendly conversation, or making small changes to your behaviour. All small acts of kindness to others can make a difference, which in turn will be copied by someone else. (同理心实验室提倡在学校或家庭中将同理心付诸行动。这可能是与班上的新同学建立联系，进行友好的交谈，或者对你的行为做出一些小改变。所有对别人的小善举都能产生影响，而这反过来又会被别人模仿)”可知，这些都是将同理心付诸行动的一些做法，D选项“想了解更多你可以做的行为，请登录EmpathyLab.”中的“more conducts you can do”符合本段中付诸行动的具体做法，所以顺承上文，符合题意，故选D。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完型填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和 D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.
In the back of my closet, there is a small cardboard chest that has followed me to every one of my new addresses. Until now, the only ____21____ contents in it are three wrapped ____22____ marked in my mother’s tidy handwriting: “Engagement”, “Wedding” and “First Baby”.
When I was three, my mother learned that she had advanced breast cancer. When I was seven, she had begun ____23____ a gift box for me. Inside, she packed presents and letters for the ____24____ of my life she was going to be missing — driver’s license, graduation, and every birthday until the age of 30.
My mother died ten days before our ____25____ birthday. That morning, when I turned 12 and she would have turned 49, I woke up early and opened the package ____26____ “12th Birthday”. A white card curling around the present ____27____: “I always ____28____ a birthstone ring when I was a little girl. Your Granny finally bought me one and I loved it more than I can say. I hope you like it, too.” I put on the ring and ____29____ her writing with my fingertip.
On the morning of my high school graduation, a _____30_____ of pearls appeared as I opened the wrapped present. Her note read: “There seemed to be a _____31_____ in my family that when girls graduated from high school, they received pearls.” I wore the pearls that afternoon as I took the stage to accept my diploma.
Year after year, my mother _____32_____ forward in time to meet me. When I was a child, opening the next package felt like a treasure _____33_____. As I grew older, her message met me like guideposts in a dark forest. If her words couldn’t point the way, at least they offered the _____34_____ of knowing that someone had been there before and that I have been _____35_____, wildly loved.
21. A. following B. remaining C. entire D. full
22. A. plastics B. products C. pieces D. presents
23 A. working B. preparing C. writing D. receiving
24. A. milestones B. majors C. purposes D. centers
25. A. individual B. usual C. shared D. national
26. A. marked B. celebrated C. created D. made
27. A. read B. sounded C. found D. signed
28. A. called for B. stood for C. paid for D. longed for
29. A. tackled B. traced C. revealed D. confirmed
30. A. list B. string C. matter D. variety
31. A. member B. problem C. impression D. tradition
32. A. put B. looked C. traveled D. stepped
33. A. house B. box C. map D. hunt
34. A. property B. sorrow C. comfort D. value
35. A. deeply B. temporarily C. unfortunately D. simply
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的妈妈得了乳腺癌，为了不错过作者人生中具有里程碑意义的时刻，妈妈在作者7岁的时候就为她准备礼盒。虽然妈妈不在了，但作者依然能感到母亲对她的爱。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，里面尚存着三个包装好的礼物，上面用我母亲整洁的笔迹写着：“订婚”、“婚礼”和“第一个孩子”。A. following下列的；B. remaining尚存的；C. entire全部的，整个的；D. full满的。根据句中“three wrapped 2 marked in my mother’s tidy handwriting: ‘Engagement’, ‘Wedding’ and ‘First Baby’”可推知，现在只剩三个尚未打开的礼物了。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. plastics塑料；B. products产品；C. pieces片，条；D. presents礼物。根据下文“Inside, she packed presents and letters for the __4__ of my life she was going to be missing — driver’s license, graduation, and every birthday until the age of 30.”可知这是妈妈送的礼物，presents原词重现。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我七岁的时候，她开始为我准备一个礼盒。A. working工作；B. preparing准备；C. writing写；D. receiving接受。根据上文“When I was three, my mother learned that she had advanced breast cancer.”可知妈妈得了严重的癌症，所以提前为作者准备礼物。prepare sth.for sb.为某人准备某物，故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在里面，她包了一些礼物和信件，这些是她将错过的我人生中的里程碑——驾照、毕业、直到三十岁的每一次生日。A. milestones里程碑；B. majors专业；C. purposes目的；D. centers中心。根据下文“driver’s license, graduation, and every birthday until the age of 30.”可知，这些事件都是我人生中的里程碑。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我母亲在我们共同生日的前十天去世了。A. individual个人的；B. usual通常的；C. shared共同的，共享的；D. national国家的。根据下文“That morning, when I turned 12 and she would have turned 49”可知，作者和妈妈是同一天生日，那天是我们共同的生日。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天早上，当我满12岁的时候，她已经49岁了，我很早就醒了，打开了标有12岁生日的包裹。A. marked标明，标示；B. celebrated庆祝；C. created创造；D. made制作。根据上文“Until now, the only ____1____ contents in it are three wrapped ____2____ marked in my mother’s tidy handwriting: ‘Engagement’, ‘Wedding’ and ‘First Baby’.”可知，12岁生日礼物上也作了标记，mark原词重现。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一张缠绕在卡片周围的白色卡片上写着：“当我还是个小女孩的时候，我一直渴望着一枚诞生石戒指。你奶奶终于给我买了一件，我非常喜欢，希望你也喜欢。”A. read写着；B. sounded听起来；C. found找到；D. signed签署。根据下文“I always ____8___ a birthstone ring when I was a little girl. Your Granny finally bought me one and I loved it more than I can say. I hope you like it, too.”可知，此处指卡片上写的内容。以及下文“Her note read: ‘There seemed to be a ___11___ in my family that when girls graduated from high school, they received pearls’”中也有原词重现read，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我一直渴望着一枚出生石戒指。A. called for需要；B. stood for代表；C. paid for支付；D. longed for渴望。根据下文“Your Granny finally bought me one and I loved it more than I can say.”可知，妈妈渴望有一枚出生石戒指，空处意为“渴望”。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我戴上戒指，用指尖描出她的字迹。A. tackled果断处理，高效解决；B. traced描绘；C. revealed透露，泄露；D. confirmed确认，证实。根据下文“with my fingertip”可知，此处意为“用指尖描出她的字迹”。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我高中毕业的那天早上，当我打开包装好的礼物时，一串珍珠链出现了。A. list清单；B. string串；C. matter事情；D. variety品种。结合常识可知，珍珠是串起来的，a string of pearls意为“一串珍珠”。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的便条上写道：“我们家似乎有一个传统，女孩子高中毕业时，会收到珍珠。”A. member成员；B. problem问题；C. impression印象；D. tradition传统。根据下文“when girls graduated from high school, they received pearls.”可知，女孩子高中毕业时，会收到珍珠，这是一个家族传统。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：年复一年，母亲都溯时间之流而上与我相见。A. put放，摆；B. looked看；C. traveled旅行；D. stepped迈步。虽然妈妈去世多年，但是通过给作者准备礼物，不错过作者生命中里程碑意义的时刻，妈妈一直随时间旅行陪伴作者，所以，此处应使用动词traveled意为“溯时间之流”，故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，打开下一个包裹就像在寻宝。A. house房子；B. box盒子；C. map地图；D. hunt搜寻。根据上文“When I was a child, opening the next package felt like”可知对于小孩子来说拆开礼物就像是探险一样，a treasure hunt意为“寻宝”。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果她的话不能指明方向，至少它们能给我带来安慰，让我知道曾经有人在那里，我深深地、疯狂地被爱着。A. property所有物，财产；B. sorrow悲伤；C. comfort安慰；D. value价值。根据下文“someone had been there before and that I have been ___15__ , wildly loved.”可知妈妈的爱一直陪伴着作者，爱能给作者带来安慰，此处意为“安慰”。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. deeply深深地；B. temporarily临时地，暂时地；C. unfortunately不幸地；D. simply只不过，仅仅。根据上文“When I was seven, she had begun ___3__ a gift box for me. Inside, she packed presents and letters for the __4___ of my life she was going to be missing — driver’s license, graduation, and every birthday until the age of 30.”可知妈妈一直深深地爱着作者。空处与wildly(疯狂地)构成并列关系，修饰动词loved，表示是“深深地(被爱着)”。故选A。
第II卷(55分)
注意事项:用0.5毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第三部分 语言知识运用
第二节 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Roujiamo,also called rougamo, is one of the most popular Chinese snacks. Despite its ___36___ (compare)to a hamburger, it carries far more geographical and historical meaning.
Roujiamo is____37____(close) associated with the north-central city of Xi’an, in Shaanxi province. Since 202 BCE, Xi’an has been both the eastern terminal of the Silk Road and the capital for 13 more-or-less successive Chinese___38___(dynasty).
Traditionally, Roujiamo mainly consists of two parts--the flatbread and the filling. The meat preparation used to make the filling for roujiamo dates back____39____the Warring States period. The introduction into China of Central Asian-style flatbreads, like the kind used in roujiamo, in general,___40___(owe) to Ban Chao, a Chinese general who spent over 30 years battling____41____union of nomadic(游牧的)tribes to regain control of the farthest western reaches of China. The flatbread bun, called baijimo, takes its name from____42____is today known as Beiji township. There exist differences between the flatbreads used for different districts in Shaanxi. For example, the flatbread used for Tongguan roujiamo is unlike___43___used in the Xi’an style. Tongguan roujiamo,was named after a town that, in days long past, ____44____guard)a strategic pass roughly 120km east of Xi’an.
Despite its tasty flavor, it’s risky____45____(eat) on the go. Proper roujiamo is filled to bursting, regardless of the potential consequences for one’s clothes and dry-cleaning budget.
【答案】parison
37. closely
38. dynasties
39. to 40. is owed
41. a 42. what
43. that 44. guarded
45. to eat
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的小吃肉夹馍的历史以及特点。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：尽管它被比作汉堡包，但它承载着更多的地理和历史意义。形容词性物主代词its修饰名词，作宾语，应用名词comparison，不可数。故填comparison。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：肉夹馍与陕西省中北部城市西安有着密切的联系。修饰形容词associated应用副词closely，故填closely。
【38题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：自公元前202年以来，西安既是丝绸之路的东端，也是中国13个差不多连续的朝代的首都。dynasty为可数名词，根据上文13 more-or-less successive Chinese可知用复数形式。故填dynasties。
【39题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：肉夹馍的馅料可以追溯到战国时期。短语date back to表示“追溯到”。故填to。
【40题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：一般来说，中亚风格的面饼（比如肉夹馍中的面饼）传入中国要归功于中国将军班超，他花了30多年时间与游牧部落联盟作战，重新夺回了对中国最西部地区的控制。主语与谓语构成被动关系，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为The introduction into China of Central Asian-style flatbreads，谓语用单数。故填is owed。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一般来说，中亚风格的面饼（比如肉夹馍中的面饼）传入中国要归功于中国将军班超，他花了30多年时间与游牧部落联盟作战，重新夺回了对中国最西部地区的控制。此处为短语a union of表示“团结”。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：这种被称为“白吉馍”的馒头得名于今天的北集乡。引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故填what。
【43题详解】
考查代词。句意：例如，铜关肉夹馍所用的面饼与西安风味的面饼不同。此处指上文同类事物flatbread，后跟定语，应用代词that。故填that。
【44题详解】
考查时态。句意：铜关肉夹馍得名于一个小镇，在很久以前，它守卫着西安以东约120公里处的一个战略关口。根据上文in days long past可知为一般过去时。故填guarded。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管味道鲜美，但在路上吃也是有风险的。此处为it be adj. to do sth.，it作形式主语，不定式为真正主语。故填to eat。
第四部分 任务型阅读(共两节,满分20分)
任务型阅读
One late afternoon, Tina was driving on a highway when a severe snowstorm hit with no sign before. In a short time, the heavy snow, coupled with the strong wind, turned everything into white and made the road extremely dangerous.
Tina later found out that this kind of storm is called a “Saskatchewan screamer”, which comes on extremely fast with high winds. It’s really frightening and deadly to be caught in such extreme weather.
Unable to see the road clearly, Tina had to stop her car and call 911. The operator told her that phone calls for help kept flooding in and all the rescuers had been called out. She suggested that Tina should wait out the storm in her car rather than risk driving on or going out. She took Tina’s information and told her that an officer would call her back. Tina waited anxiously for almost two hours, but nobody called her yet to check in. “The storm showed no sign of stopping. What was worse, it was getting dark. I couldn’t see anything outside the car since the snow had covered all the windows. The wind was still howling and the temperature was getting lower and lower in the car. I had no idea whom I could turn to for help,” Tina later wrote in a Facebook post. “Alone and cold，I began to panic, worrying about getting hit by an oncoming vehicle, getting buried in a snowbank, having my tailpipe blocked by the snow... I was really worried I couldn’t ever make it home to my family."
That was when Tina realized that it was no use waiting passively for help. She decided to do something herself. So she took out her cellphone, logged on to the Google Map and determined her location. She found online a neighborhood Facebook group for the area that she was passing through and shared a comment about her trouble with her location marked on the map. Then all she could do next was sitting in the car, praying someone could make a response to her as early as possible.
Fortunately, Tina’s request reached 80-year-old retired rescuer Frank.
46. 根据文本内容从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填入文本图示中，每词限用一次，两词为多余选项。
request die succeed luck call pray warn worry wait failure adjust decide
Tina was driving on a highway when a snowstorm hit without ________ . Tina found the storm ________ a "Saskatchewan screamer comes on extremely fast with high winds. It is really frightening and ________ to be caught in such extreme weather.
Tina a called 911 and the operator suggested her ________ out the storm in her car. Tina waited ________ for almost two hours but ________ to get the response. The weather conditions got worse and worse. Tina worried if she could go back home ________.
Tina made a ________ to do something for herself. She uploaded a comment about her trouble with location. Then she just sat in the car and ________ someone could make a response as soon as possible.
________, Tina’s request reached 80-year old retired rescuer Frank. ……
47. What was the major problem Tina faced
__________________________________________________________________________
48. After waiting for almost 2 hours who would help her Then what did she decide to do
__________________________________________________________________________
49. Was it easy for Frank to rescue Tina Why
__________________________________________________________________________
50. What will Tina think of the experience and Frank
__________________________________________________________________________
【答案】46. ①. warning ②. called ③. deadly ④. waiting ⑤. worriedly ⑥. failed ⑦. successfully ⑧. decision ⑨. prayed ⑩. Luckily
47. She was caught in a snowstorm when she was driving./Tina was driving on a high way when a snowstorm hit without warning.
48 No one/Nobody. She decided to do something herself./She uploaded a comment about her trouble with location on Facebook.
49. No, it wasn’t. It was really tough/hard/difficult/risky for the 80-year-old Frank to rescue someone in such extreme weather.
50. It was an unforgettable/a scary experience and Frank is really brave and warm-hearted.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Tina高速公路上行驶，突然来了一场暴风雪，文章讲述她如何寻求帮助。
【46题详解】
考查细节理解。由第一段的“One late afternoon, Tina was driving on a highway when a severe snowstorm hit with no sign before.(一天下午晚些时候，蒂娜开车在高速公路上行驶，突然来了一场暴风雪，之前没有任何征兆。)”，一场暴风雪毫无征兆地袭来，第一空意为“预兆”，用warning；由第二段“Tina later found out that this kind of storm is called a “Saskatchewan screamer”, which comes on extremely fast with high winds.(蒂娜后来发现，这种风暴被称为“Saskatchewan screamer”，它伴随着大风来得非常快。)”可知，这种风暴被叫做“Saskatchewan screamer”，第二空意为“称……为”，是call，storm和call之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此第二空用过去分词表被动；由第二段“It’s really frightening and deadly to be caught in such extreme weather.(遇到这样极端的天气真是可怕又要命。)”可知，遇到这样极端的天气真是可怕又要命，第三空意为“致命的”，用形容词deadly作表语；由第三段“She suggested that Tina should wait out the storm in her car rather than risk driving on or going out.(她建议蒂娜在车里等暴风雨过去，而不是冒险开车或出去。)”可知，蒂娜拨打了911，接线员建议她在车里等暴风雨过去，第四空意为“等待”，是wait，suggest one’s doing意为“建议某人做某事”，因此第4空用动名词waiting；由第三段“Tina waited anxiously for almost two hours, but nobody called her yet to check in.(蒂娜焦急地等了将近两个小时，但还没有人打电话给她登记。)”可知，Tina是很担心地等待，第5空意为“担心地”，用副词worriedly修饰动词waited；第三段“Tina waited anxiously for almost two hours, but nobody called her yet to check in.(蒂娜焦急地等了将近两个小时，但还没有人打电话给她登记。)”可知，她没有得到回应，第6空意为“没能”，是fail，由waited可知，第6空用过去式；根据第三段“I was really worried I couldn’t ever make it home to my family.(我真的很担心我再也回不了家了。)”可知，她担心自己是否能成功地回家，第7空意为“成功地”，用副词successfully修饰动词短语go back；根据第四段“She decided to do something herself.(她决定自己做点什么。)”可知，她决定做点什么，第8空意为“决定”，用名词decision作宾语；根据倒数第二段“Then all she could do next was sitting in the car, praying someone could make a response to her as early as possible.(接下来她所能做的就是坐在车里，祈祷有人能尽快给她一个答复。)”可知，她祈祷有人能给她一个回复，第9空意为“祈祷”，是pray，由sat可知，第9空用过去式；由最后一段“Fortunately, Tina’s request reached 80-year-old retired rescuer Frank.(幸运的是，蒂娜的请求传到了80岁的退休救援人员弗兰克的手中。)”可知，第10空意为“幸运的是”，用副词luckily修饰整个句子，位于句首，首字母大写。故填warning，called，deadly，waiting，worriedly，failed，successfully，decision，prayed，Luckily。
【47题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“One late afternoon, Tina was driving on a highway when a severe snowstorm hit with no sign before.(一天下午晚些时候，蒂娜开车在高速公路上行驶，突然来了一场暴风雪，之前没有任何征兆。)”可知，蒂娜面临的主要问题是她开车时遇到了暴风雪，故答案为She was caught in a snowstorm when she was driving./Tina was driving on a high way when a snowstorm hit without warning.
【48题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“Tina waited anxiously for almost two hours, but nobody called her yet to check in.(蒂娜焦急地等了将近两个小时，但还没有人打电话给她登记。)”可知，等了将近两个小时，某人来帮她；根据倒数第二段“She decided to do something herself. So she took out her cellphone, logged on to the Google Map and determined her location. She found online a neighborhood Facebook group for the area that she was passing through and shared a comment about her trouble with her location marked on the map.(她决定自己做点什么。于是她拿出手机，登录谷歌地图，确定了自己的位置。她在网上找到了她所经过地区的一个社区Facebook小组，并分享了她在地图上标记自己位置时遇到的麻烦。)”可知，她决定自己做点什么，她在Facebook上上传了一条关于定位问题的评论。故答案为No one/Nobody. She decided to do something herself./She uploaded a comment about her trouble with location on Facebook.
【49题详解】
考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Fortunately, Tina’s request reached 80-year-old retired rescuer Frank.(幸运的是，蒂娜的请求传到了80岁的退休救援人员弗兰克的手中。)”可知，弗兰克救出蒂娜不容易，因为对80岁的弗兰克来说，在这样极端的天气里救人真的很困难。故答案为No, it wasn’t. It was really tough/hard/difficult/risky for the 80-year-old Frank to rescue someone in such extreme weather.
【50题详解】
考查推理判断。根据第一段“In a short time, the heavy snow, coupled with the strong wind, turned everything into white and made the road extremely dangerous.(不一会儿，大雪，再加上强风，把一切都变成了白色，使道路变得极其危险。)”可知，天气很恶劣，只有Frank可能会来救她，她将会认为这是一次难忘的或可怕的经历，她会认为弗兰克真的很勇敢，很热心。故答案为It was an unforgettable/a scary experience and Frank is really brave and warm-hearted.
第五部分 写作 (满分20分)
51. 你校将举行以“善待野生动物，实现和谐共处”为主题的英语演讲比赛，请你写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：
1. 野生动物的重要性；
2. 野生动物的现状及其原因；
3. 发出号召。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Good afternoon, everyone!
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thanks for your listening.
【答案】One possible version:
Good afternoon, everyone!
What is known to all is that all the animals play a part in keeping the balance of nature. Unfortunately, many wild animals are facing the danger of extinction. The reasons are various. On one hand, the environment that they are living in has been greatly destroyed. On the other hand，they are being over hunted.
So we must take measures to protect them. We should raise our awareness of animal protection. Besides, let’s make every effort to protect animals’ living environment.
I hope we can live in harmony with animals Let’s take action.
That’s all. Thanks for your listening.
【解析】
【分析】本篇是一篇应用文。要求考生就关于“善待野生动物，实现和谐共处”为主题的英语演讲比赛写一篇发言稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
贡献力量：play a part in→ play a role in
各种各样的：various→all kinds of
另外：Besides→what’s more
采取措施做某事：take steps to do sth→take measures to do sth
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：On one hand, the environment that they are living in has been greatly destroyed. On the other hand，they are being over hunted.
拓展句：While they are being over hunted, the environment that they are living in has been greatly destroyed.
【点睛】【高分句型1】What is known to all is that all the animals play a part in keeping the balance of nature. （运用了连接代词what引导的主语从句以及动名词做宾语）
【高分句型2】The reasons are various. On one hand, the environment that they are living in has been greatly destroyed. On the other hand，they are being over hunted. （运用了On one hand...on the other hand句型的表达，使得文章逻辑更加清晰）
听力答案：1-5 BCBBC 6-10BACCC 11-15 BABBC 16-20 ABABB高一英语
第I卷 (共95分)
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1. 5分，共7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is Nancy’s plan for Christmas
A. To have dinner at home. B. To do volunteer work. C. To visit some friends.
2. Which subject does the girl dislike
A. Art. B. Geography. C. History.
3. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a phone shop. B. In a bookstore. C. In the library.
4. What does the woman mean
A. She is likely to visit the castle.
B. She is impressed with the visit.
C. She is disappointed at the castle.
5. What does the girl want
A. A sweater. B. A dress. C. Shoes.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the speakers’ destination
A The markets. B. The water gardens. C. The ancient district.
7. Who is the woman going to get a present for
A. Her dad. B. Her mum. C. Her sister.
听第7段材料，回答第 8 、9题。
8. How does the woman suggest the man travel
A. By car. B. By bus. C. By subway.
9. Why will the man go to the city center
A. To find a job. B. To take a class. C. To meet his friend.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 13 题。
10. Where does the conversation take place
A. At a restaurant. B. In a hospital. C. Over the phone.
11 What is changing temporarily about the store
A. The prices of dishes.
B. The open area for customers.
C The opening hours.
12 What is the purpose of the change
A. To limit customers’ contact.
B. To save customers’ time.
C. To touch less food.
13. What will be used in this week’s special in the end
A. Chicken. B. Seafood. C. Beef.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17题。
14. What is the woman’s major
A. Architecture. B. Engineering. C. Information technology.
15. What factor does the woman care most about building design
A. Low costs. B. Modern styles. C. Environmental protection.
16. What is the woman’s biggest design idea about
A. Keeping heat. B. Generating electricity. C. Supplying water.
17. What does the man think of the woman’s ideas
A. Impractical. B. Wonderful. C. Outdated.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。
18. What can tourists see in the Entrance Hall
A. Some paintings
B. Some real flowers and leaves
C. An exhibition of extinct animals
19. When can tourists watch a short film about the earth
A. At 2:35 p.m. B. At 3:25 p.m. C. At 5:10 p.m.
20. Where is the bookshelf
A. On the first floor B. On the second floor C. On the third floor
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
David Shepherd Wildlife Foundation (DSWF) is delighted to welcome faithful supporters and new friends to join us at our annual Wildlife Ball to celebrate the natural world and conservation. Hosted by the grand Dorchester Hotel in London, the DSWF Wildlife Ball will take place on the 27th July 2024 where we’ll bring the wilderness to life with our very own Sundown Safari (观赏之旅).
Join a black-tie gastronomical (美食) safari
As part of a black-tie gastronomical safari, guests will be treated to a mouth-watering three-course meal, enjoy world-class entertainment and listen to insightful and inspiring speeches about DSWF’s conservation work to turn the tables on extinction.
The DSWF Wildlife Ball helps raise vital funds and awareness for our essential work, protecting endangered species and their habitats across the world. After a year away we are excited to be welcoming you back and look forward to being your guides at what promises to be a night to remember in support of wildlife.
Last year, the virtual Wildlife Ball raised over 800,000 for DSWF’s vital conservation efforts across Africa and Asia, despite not being able to celebrate in person. We are really excited to invite you back to the Dorchester Hotel, who are our generous hosts, and together aim to celebrate wildlife and the wilderness in style and to raise vital funds to help in the fight for a greener future.
Book tickets to the Wildlife Ball 2024
Book tickets or register your interest today to avoid disappointment. Either by emailing the team at wildlifeball @ davidshepherd.org or by calling the DSWF office on 01483 272323.
Individual Tickets: 200(Children under 12 get 40%off)
VIP packages are available on request.
1. What do we learn about Wildlife Ball 2024
A. It’ll be held in the wild.
B. It’ll offer guests a delicious meal.
C. It’ll allow guests to watch ball games.
D. It’ll be followed by a guided tour of London.
2. What’s the main purpose of hosting Wildlife Ball 2024
A. To entertain supporters B. To celebrate the festival
C. To obtain financial support. D. To interact with wild animals.
3. What’s the admission fee for a couple with their ten-year-old twins
A. 440. B. 520. C. 560. D. 640.
B
Having grown up in northern Arizona with the immortal Grand Canyon and the iron red plateaus of Sedona in my backyard, I believed that the southwestern state is home to the most beautiful landscapes on the planet. Towering mountain titans, a cozy valley and an infinite blue sky promised fantastic potential for exploration. For me, no newly discovered sights or foreign landscapes can compare with its beauty.
That is, until I was invited to explore Guizhou province by the China Storyteller Partnerships Tour. Had someone vividly described how beautiful Guizhou can be in poetic detail, they would not have done it exactly. There is no substitute for seeing with one’s own eyes. I will attempt to do so.
During my trip around the city of Xingyi, in Guizhou, I saw the artwork of the Bouyei ethnic group. They use dyes produced from local plants to make clothing of striking blues and greens. Local elders still practice weaving with artful wooden machines and pass that tradition on to their grandchildren.
My father used to drag my brothers and me on yearly fishing trips around Arizona. We would compete to catch the largest fish, and in the mornings, Dad would cook us a basic breakfast of bacon, eggs, and toast. I sat in a small boat in the middle of the lake, with fishing pole moving slowly in my impatient hands, and held my bored tongue while my father attempted to share with me the whispers of the wind, a fish dancing on the surface of the lake or the majesty of a hawk hunting for prey overhead. On my trip to Guizhou I had the opportunity to paddle on Wanfeng lake. At one point I rested, floating at the center of the lake, listening to the spaces between silence and taking in the surrounding karst (喀斯特) mountains. I thought about my childhood, and wished I had listened more closely to my father while fishing.
I’ve lived away from Arizona for 10 long years, carving my own destiny in China. I’ve managed to build myself a family, a career, a livelihood, and various projects. I feel as though I have everything that I need. For a moment, in Guizhou, I felt home.
4. What do we know about the author’s hometown
A. Situated in the north of US, it is home to Grand Canyon.
B. It has varied landscapes, ranging from plateau to valley.
C. Apparently, there’s no comparison in terms of beauty.
D. The author spent his childhood and adulthood in his hometown.
5. What does the underlined word “substitute” probably mean in paragraph 2
A. Experience. B. Replacement.
C. Objection. D. Agreement.
6. What is the purpose of paragraph 4
A. To express his regret not listening to his father closely.
B. To recall the most unforgettable experience with his family.
C. To compare the trip on Wangfeng lake with his former fishing trips.
D. To suggest that his trip in Guizhou takes him back to his childhood.
7. What does the author think of his life in Guizhou
A. Unavoidable. B. Favorable.
C. Demanding. D. Astonishing.
C
Look out the window or walk over to a patch of soil near your home. It could be reddish brown, black, dark gray or even the colour of rich, dark chocolate. If it’s moist enough, run your hands through it. It may separate into thick clumps that can hold water and later release it. With a few exceptions—such as desert sites—this is how good soil behaves.
In fact, the number of microscopic organisms that live in a shovelful of rich garden soil exceeds the number of plants and animals inhabiting the entire aboveground Amazon rainforest. And the Amazon is known for having more plants and animals than any other land-based habitat.
Soil is what supports life on Earth. Most people give it little thought, but it feeds us and the ecosystems around us. It is where countless species make their homes. It collects water, pulls pollutants from the air and helps support the planet’s atmosphere. Soil is one of Mother Nature’s unsung heroes.
And while most soil looks like it’s static, just sitting there unmoving, it actually hosts plenty of activities. Its earthworms may be digging tunnels. Worms are weightlifters. But they aren’t the only ones making changes. Other creatures below ground are too tiny to see with the unaided eye. These include one celled creatures called protozoa (单细胞生物). They improve soil by eating bacteria and releasing nitrogen, which helps plants grow.
And then there are all those bacteria. Most people think of them as dangerous. In soils, they not only serve as prey to beneficial protozoa, but also perform an environmental service. They help recycle dead plant parts and animal tissues into nutrients. They even turn some pollutants in soil and water into more of the nutrients that can sustain the diverse species that make up lively ecosystems beneath our feet.
8. What’s the purpose of mentioning the Amazon rainforest in the second paragraph
A. To indicate the rich species in the Amazon rainforest.
B. To introduce the rich soil in the Amazon rainforest.
C. To stress the variety of microscopic organisms in the rich soil.
D. To illustrate biodiversity aboveground the Amazon rainforest.
9. What can we infer from the third paragraph
A. Soil is something that supports life on Earth.
B. Soil provides a variety of benefits to our planet.
C. Soil determines the quality of our ecosystems.
D. Soil is the Mother Nature’s unsung hero.
10. Which of the following sentences is TRUE according to the text
A. The soil in the desert behaves as well as good soil does.
B. Most people give thought to soil for it supports life on Earth.
C. Most soil indeed hosts plenty of activities though it looks quiet.
D. The bacteria in soils almost do no good to the environment.
11. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the text
A. Categories of the Soil on Earth B. The Disappearance of the Rich Soil
C. Biodiversity in the Amazon Rainforest D. Healthy Soil Supports Life on Our Planet
D
It is widely accepted that being overweight definitely poses a danger to our health. According to a new study, obesity may even damage the brain’s ability to recognize the sensation of fullness and be satisfied after eating fats and sugars.
Further, those brain changes may last even after people considered medically obese lose a significant amount of weight — possibly explaining why many people often regain the pounds they lose.
The study, published Monday in Nature Metabolism, was a controlled clinical trial in which 30 people considered to be medically obese and 30 people of normal weight were fed sugar carbohydrates (glucose), fats (lipids) or water (as a control). Each group of nutrients was fed directly into the stomach via a feeding tube on separate days.
The night before the testing, all 60 study participants had the same meal for dinner at home and did not eat again until the feeding tube was in place the next morning. As either sugars or fats entered the stomach via the tube, researchers used functional magnetic resonance(磁共振) imaging and single-photon emission computed tomography(断层扫描技术) to capture the brain’s response over 30 minutes.
In people with normal weight, the study found brain signals in the striatum(纹状体) slowed when either sugars or fats were put into the digestive system — evidence that the brain recognized the body had been fed. At the same time, levels of dopamine rose in those at normal weight, signaling that the reward centers of the brain were also activated. However, when the same nutrients were given via feeding tube to people considered medically obese, brain activity did not slow, and dopamine levels did not rise.
Next, the study asked people with obesity to lose 10% of their body weight within three months — an amount of weight known to improve blood sugars, reset metabolism and boost overall health.
Tests were repeated as before — with surprising results. Losing weight did not reset the brain in people with obesity.
Much more research is needed to fully understand what obesity does to the brain, and if that is triggered by the fat tissue itself, the types of food eaten, or other environmental and genetic factors.
12. What aspects did the researchers mainly focus on in the research
A. Blood sugars and metabolism. B. Diet and environmental factors.
C. Nutrients and the digestive system. D. Brain activities and dopamine levels.
13. What are the correct procedures of the study
①Providing participants with the same nutrients separately.
②Classifying participants in different groups by weight.
③Repeating the test on those who lost required weight.
④Detecting the brain’s reaction of the participants.
A. ①④③② B. ④①②③
C. ②①④③ D. ②①③④
14. What can be inferred about the study
A. Weight loss had no impact on the brain’s response to food.
B. The level of dopamine was closely related to people’s brain activity.
C. Nutrients taken by participants affected their digestive system rather than brain activity.
D. The sum of dopamine released varied slightly among participants with different weights.
15. What is the most suitable title for the article
A. Effective Strategies for Weight Loss in Obesity
B. The Persistent Effects of Obesity on the Brain
C. Exploring the Brain’s Response to Sugars and Fats
D. How Obesity Harms the Brain’s Fullness Sensation
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容,从文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever struggled to understand how someone else feels Building up your empathy (同理心) skills helps you connect with your friends. ____16____
What is empathy
Empathy is a kind of capability that lets you step into someone else’s shoes and then figure out how they are feeling. For instance, if you can see your friend is upset after losing a football match and you support them by telling them some warm and motivating words, you are showing empathy. Miranda McKeamey set up an organization called EmpathyLab that builds empathy through reading. ____17____ “Empathy is a force for change,” she says.
____18____
Scientists say empathy isn’t something you are born with, it’s a skill you can acquire through learning. One way you can do this is by active listening. When someone is talking to you, listen closely and respond in a way that shows you understand their situations and emotions thoroughly. Reading, advocated by EmpathyLab, is also a great way to boost empathy, since stories can take you inside someone else’s mind and show you the world through their eves and emotions.
Put empathy into action.
____19____ This could mean trying out something that is important to a friend or family member, like exploring their favorite place. EmpathyLab advocated ideas for putting empathy into action in schools or at home. That might be connecting with someone new in your class and having a friendly conversation, or making small changes to your behaviour. All small acts of kindness to others can make a difference, which in turn will be copied by someone else. ____20____
A. How can you have more empathy
B. Who need empathy most in daily life
C. Besides, it also spreads kindness and inspires them to do the same.
D. To find out more conducts you can do, log in EmpathyLab..
E. Only by putting empathy into action can you relate to others’ bad lives.
F. She believes even small, supportive actions can have a positive impact.
G. Miranda recommends going into the thick of people’s lives to show empathy.
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完型填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和 D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.
In the back of my closet there is a small cardboard chest that has followed me to every one of my new addresses. Until now, the only ____21____ contents in it are three wrapped ____22____ marked in my mother’s tidy handwriting: “Engagement”, “Wedding” and “First Baby”.
When I was three, my mother learned that she had advanced breast cancer. When I was seven, she had begun ____23____ a gift box for me. Inside, she packed presents and letters for the ____24____ of my life she was going to be missing — driver’s license, graduation, and every birthday until the age of 30.
My mother died ten days before our ____25____ birthday. That morning, when I turned 12 and she would have turned 49, I woke up early and opened the package ____26____ “12th Birthday”. A white card curling around the present ____27____: “I always ____28____ a birthstone ring when I was a little girl. Your Granny finally bought me one and I loved it more than I can say. I hope you like it, too.” I put on the ring and ____29____ her writing with my fingertip.
On the morning of my high school graduation, a _____30_____ of pearls appeared as I opened the wrapped present. Her note read: “There seemed to be a _____31_____ in my family that when girls graduated from high school, they received pearls.” I wore the pearls that afternoon as I took the stage to accept my diploma.
Year after year, my mother _____32_____ forward in time to meet me. When I was a child, opening the next package felt like a treasure _____33_____. As I grew older, her message met me like guideposts in a dark forest. If her words couldn’t point the way, at least they offered the _____34_____ of knowing that someone had been there before and that I have been _____35_____, wildly loved.
21. A. following B. remaining C. entire D. full
22. A. plastics B. products C. pieces D. presents
23. A. working B. preparing C. writing D. receiving
24. A. milestones B. majors C. purposes D. centers
25. A. individual B. usual C. shared D. national
26. A. marked B. celebrated C. created D. made
27. A. read B. sounded C. found D. signed
28. A. called for B. stood for C. paid for D. longed for
29. A. tackled B. traced C. revealed D. confirmed
30. A. list B. string C. matter D. variety
31. A. member B. problem C. impression D. tradition
32. A. put B. looked C. traveled D. stepped
33. A. house B. box C. map D. hunt
34. A. property B. sorrow C. comfort D. value
35. A. deeply B. temporarily C. unfortunately D. simply
第II卷(55分)
注意事项:用0.5毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第三部分 语言知识运用
第二节 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Roujiamo,also called rougamo, is one of the most popular Chinese snacks. Despite its ___36___ (compare)to a hamburger, it carries far more geographical and historical meaning.
Roujiamo is____37____(close) associated with the north-central city of Xi’an, in Shaanxi province. Since 202 BCE, Xi’an has been both the eastern terminal of the Silk Road and the capital for 13 more-or-less successive Chinese___38___(dynasty).
Traditionally, Roujiamo mainly consists of two parts--the flatbread and the filling. The meat preparation used to make the filling for roujiamo dates back____39____the Warring States period. The introduction into China of Central Asian-style flatbreads, like the kind used in roujiamo, in general,___40___(owe) to Ban Chao, a Chinese general who spent over 30 years battling____41____union of nomadic(游牧的)tribes to regain control of the farthest western reaches of China. The flatbread bun, called baijimo, takes its name from____42____is today known as Beiji township. There exist differences between the flatbreads used for different districts in Shaanxi. For example, the flatbread used for Tongguan roujiamo is unlike___43___used in the Xi’an style. Tongguan roujiamo,was named after a town that, in days long past, ____44____guard)a strategic pass roughly 120km east of Xi’an.
Despite its tasty flavor, it’s risky____45____(eat) on the go. Proper roujiamo is filled to bursting, regardless of the potential consequences for one’s clothes and dry-cleaning budget.
第四部分 任务型阅读(共两节,满分20分)
任务型阅读
One late afternoon, Tina was driving on a highway when a severe snowstorm hit with no sign before. In a short time, the heavy snow, coupled with the strong wind, turned everything into white and made the road extremely dangerous.
Tina later found out that this kind of storm is called a “Saskatchewan screamer”, which comes on extremely fast with high winds. It’s really frightening and deadly to be caught in such extreme weather.
Unable to see the road clearly, Tina had to stop her car and call 911. The operator told her that phone calls for help kept flooding in and all the rescuers had been called out. She suggested that Tina should wait out the storm in her car rather than risk driving on or going out. She took Tina’s information and told her that an officer would call her back. Tina waited anxiously for almost two hours, but nobody called her yet to check in. “The storm showed no sign of stopping. What was worse, it was getting dark. I couldn’t see anything outside the car since the snow had covered all the windows. The wind was still howling and the temperature was getting lower and lower in the car. I had no idea whom I could turn to for help,” Tina later wrote in a Facebook post. “Alone and cold，I began to panic, worrying about getting hit by an oncoming vehicle, getting buried in a snowbank, having my tailpipe blocked by the snow... I was really worried I couldn’t ever make it home to my family."
That was when Tina realized that it was no use waiting passively for help. She decided to do something herself. So she took out her cellphone, logged on to the Google Map and determined her location. She found online a neighborhood Facebook group for the area that she was passing through and shared a comment about her trouble with her location marked on the map. Then all she could do next was sitting in the car, praying someone could make a response to her as early as possible.
Fortunately, Tina’s request reached 80-year-old retired rescuer Frank.
46. 根据文本内容从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填入文本图示中，每词限用一次，两词为多余选项。
request die succeed luck call pray warn worry wait failure adjust decide
Tina was driving on a highway when a snowstorm hit without ________ . Tina found the storm ________ a "Saskatchewan screamer comes on extremely fast with high winds. It is really frightening and ________ to be caught in such extreme weather.
Tina a called 911 and the operator suggested her ________ out the storm in her car. Tina waited ________ for almost two hours but ________ to get the response. The weather conditions got worse and worse. Tina worried if she could go back home ________.
Tina made a ________ to do something for herself. She uploaded a comment about her trouble with location. Then she just sat in the car and ________ someone could make a response as soon as possible.
________, Tina’s request reached 80-year old retired rescuer Frank. ……
47. What was the major problem Tina faced
__________________________________________________________________________
48. After waiting for almost 2 hours who would help her Then what did she decide to do
__________________________________________________________________________
49. Was it easy for Frank to rescue Tina Why
__________________________________________________________________________
50. What will Tina think of the experience and Frank
__________________________________________________________________________
第五部分 写作 (满分20分)
51. 你校将举行以“善待野生动物，实现和谐共处”为主题的英语演讲比赛，请你写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：
1. 野生动物的重要性；
2. 野生动物的现状及其原因；
3. 发出号召。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Good afternoon, everyone!
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thanks for your listening.
听力答案：1-5 BCBBC 6-10BACCC 11-15 BABBC 16-20 ABABB
