Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world?必背知识点 人教版英语八年级下册

八年级下7单元知识点
形容词副词的原级比较
①as+adj/adv+as “和……一样”Eg：He runs as fast as his elder brother. “他跑得和他哥哥一样快。”
②not so/as+adj/adv+as“不如……”可以和比较级比较进行互换。Eg: Linda’s oral English is not as good as Catherine’s. “琳达的口语不如凯瑟琳的好。”= Catherine’s oral English is better than Linda’s.
③A+be +倍数+as+adj+as B“A是B的几倍大。”；A+v+倍数+as+adv+as B“A做……是B的几倍。”Eg：This room is twice as big as that one.“这个房间是那个房间的两倍。”Tom runs twice as fast as his sister.“汤姆跑步的速度是他妹妹的两倍。”
形容词副词的比较级比较
①A+ be +adj的比较级+than+ B. ; A+v.+adv的比较级+than+B “A比B更……”
Eg：Tom is taller than me. “汤姆比我高。”
Tom runs faster than me. “汤姆跑得比我快”
②A+be+not +adj的比较级+than+B ； A+v.+adv的比较级+than+B “A没有比B更……”
Eg：Tom is not taller than me. “汤姆没有比我高。”
Tom doesn’t run faster than me. “汤姆没有比我跑得快。”
③A+be+倍数+adj.的比较级+than B. ; A+V.+倍数+adv.的比较级+than+B. “A是B 的……倍。”
Eg：Tom is twice taller than me. “汤姆比我高两倍。”“汤姆的身高是我的三倍。”
Tom runs three times faster than me. “汤姆跑得比我快三倍。”“汤姆跑步的速度是我的四倍。”
！！！可以与原级比较互换：Tom is three times as tall as me.“汤姆的身高是我的两倍。”Tom runs four times as fast as me.“汤姆跑步的速度是我的四倍。”
④比较级+and+比较级；more and more +多音节/部分双音节词 “越来越……”
Eg：Tom is taller and taller. “汤姆越来越高。”
Tom runs faster and faster. “汤姆跑得越来越快。”
The city is more and more beautiful. “城市越来越漂亮。”
⑤the+比较级…，the+比较级… “越……，越……”
Eg：The harder you work，the luckier you will be. “越努力越幸运。”
⑥疑问词+be+adj的比较级，A or B “……更……，A还是B ”
疑问词+v+adv的比较级，A or B “……更……，A还是B ”
Eg：Which hat is better，the blue one or the black one？“哪一顶帽子更好，蓝色的还是红色的？”
Who runs faster，Tom or Tony？ “谁跑得更快，汤姆还是托尼？”
⑦A+be+adj的比较级+than any other +【C】单/any of+【C】复数/the other+【C】复数 “A比……的任何一个都……”
Eg：Shanghai is more prosperous than any other city in China.
= Shanghai is more prosperous than any of cities in China.
=Shanghai is more prosperous than the other cities in China.
“上海比中国任何一个城市都繁华。”
*可以放在比较级前面作修饰语的词：even，much，far，still，a lot，a little，a bit
Eg：Tom is much taller than me. “汤姆比我高得多。”
⑧（the） +比较级+of +the two……“两者中更……的”Eg：He is taller of the two boys.“他是两个男孩中较高的一个。”*表示两个都高，在比较级前面加the。
形容词副词的最高级比较
①A+be+the+adj.的最高级形式+in/of/among… “在……中A是最……的”
A+V.+(the)+adv的最高级形式+in/of/among… “在……中A做得最……”
Eg：Tom is the tallest in my class. “汤姆是我们班最高的。”（形容词的比较级前面必须有the）
Tom runs fastest in my class. “汤姆在我们班跑得最快。”（副词的比较级中可以省略the）
②A+be+one of the +adj的最高级形式+【C】pl（可数名词复数）+in/of/among
“A是……中最……的之一。” Eg：Tom is one of the tallest students in my class. “汤姆是我们班最高的学生之一。”
③A +be+the +序数词+最高级+单数名词+in/of/among……“A是……中第几……的”Eg：The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.“黄河是中国的第二长河。”
④疑问词+be+the +adj的最高级形式+A, B or C.
疑问词+助动词+主语+V.（动词原形）+the +adv的最高级形式+A, B or C.
Eg：What is the best clothes store，the Blue Moon，Town Clothes or Fashion House？
Which season do you like best，spring，summer or autumn？
在英语中，表示“事物的长、宽、高”等时，表达方式为：基数词+度量名词+形容词。例如：ten meters deep“十米深”，five kilos weigh“五公斤重”；six meters long“六米长”
population（n）人口，人口数量（可用large，big 或者small修饰）
①分数/百分数 of the population 作主语时，谓语动词可单可复，但是population 单独作主语时谓语动词用三单形式。Eg：About forty percent of the population in China is farmers.“中国大约百分之四十的人口是农民。”
②What's the population of……？“……有多少人口？”Eg：What's the population of China？“中国有多少人口？”
③主语+have/has a population of+数 = the population of +主语 is +数 “……有多少人口。”Eg：China has a population of over 1.4 billion. = The population of China is over 1.4 billion.“中国有超过14亿的人口。”
Feel free to do sth“可以随便（自由）的做某事” Eg：Feel free to ask me anything on today's Great Wall tour.“关于今天的长城之旅，可以随意向我提问。”
talk about… “谈论……”；talk with/ to sb “与……交谈/聊天”；have a talk “谈一谈”
Eg：① Let's talk about everyone’s preferences. “让我们来谈谈每个人的偏好。”
② I want to talk with my best friend everyday. “我每天都想要和我的朋友聊天”
③ Let's have a talk.“让我们谈一谈”
make it the longest wall in the world.“使它成为世界上最长的墙”
protect（v）保卫，保护protect……against/from……“保护……免受……的伤害”Eg：We students should protect our eyes from the strong sunlight.“我们学生应该保护好我们的眼睛免受强烈太阳光的伤害。”
as far as I know =so far as I know“据我所知…”；as far as I can see“依我所见…”；as far as ……“就……而言”
popular（adj）流行的，受欢迎的
①become popular = get popular “变得流行”
②be popular with/among……“流行于……；受……的欢迎” Eg：Pop music is popular with young people.“流行音乐很受年亲人的欢迎。”
It be adj to do sth“做某事是……的”Eg：It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.“当你接近山顶的时候，吸入空气是非常困难的。”
take in“吸入，理解，吸收，渗透”take out “拿出”take up“开始做；占用（时间）”；take up with“与……相交”；take away“带走”；take care of“照顾”；take after “追赶”“（与某人）长得像”；take over “接管”；take place“发生”；take off“起飞；脱掉；摘掉”
succeed in doing sth = be successful in doing sth“在……方面取得成功”“成功做某事”Eg：She was successful in finishing this task. = She succeed in finishing this task.“她成功地完成了这个任务。”
take a risk = take risks“冒险”； risk one's life “冒生命危险”；a risk of “……的风险”Eg：Why do so many climbers risk their lives？“为什么这么多攀登者要冒着生命危险（登山）呢？”
show ①（n）表演，节目（可数名词）
②（v）展示 show sb. sth. = show sth to sb “给某人看某物”；③show sb. around … “带某人参观……”Eg：Let me show you around my school. “让我带你参观一下我的学校。”
③show off “炫耀”；on show“在展览中”
challenge sb to （do）sth“向某人挑战（做）某事”Eg：He challenged me to play Chinese chess.“他向我挑战下中国象棋。”
give up doing sth“放弃做某事”Eg：He finally gave up smoking.“他最终放弃了抽烟。”
achieve one's dream= realize one's dream= make one's dream come ture“实现某人的梦想”
force sb to do sth = force sb into doing sth“强迫某人做某事”Eg：They forced him to leave this town. = They forced him into leaving this town.“他们迫使他离开这个小镇。”
How heavy +be +主语？= how much do/does +主语 +weigh？“……多重？”Eg：How heavy is a panda？= How much does a panda weigh？“一只熊猫有多种？”the weight of……“……的重量”Eg：The weight of a panda is about100 kilos.“一只熊猫的重量大约100公斤。”
at birth= when sb+ be+born“在出生的时候”
up to“达到”Eg：A panda can live up to 20 or 30 years.“一只熊猫可以活到20或30岁。”
be up to sb“取决于……”Eg：Whether we can win this game is up to you.“我们是否能赢这场比赛取决于你。”
prepare（v）准备
①prepare…for…“为……准备……”Eg：Mum will prepare some cakes for us.“妈妈将会为我们准备一些蛋糕。”
②get prepared for sth = be ready for sth“为……做好准备。”Eg：We should get prepared for the final exam.“我么应该为期末考试做好准备。”
③prepare to do sth“准备做某事”Eg：I prepare to take part in a summer camp.“我准备去参加一个夏令营。”
mean（v）意思是，意味着：meaning （n）意思，含义
meaningless（adj）无意义的； meaningful（adj）有意义的
①mean doing sth“意味着做某事”Eg：Skimming means looking quickly through a piece of writing to fine the main idea.“略读意味着快速浏览文段找到主要观点。”
②mean to do sth “打算做某事”Eg: I mean to talk with him about it.“我打算和他谈谈这件事。”
③what's the meaning of… = what does/do…mean？= what do you mean by… “……是什么意思”
Eg：What's the special meaning of this colour. “这个颜色的特别含义是什么？”
What does this special colour mean？“这个特别的颜色意思是什么？”
What do you mean by saying this matter？“你说这件事是什么意思？”
run over to“跑向”
walk over“走路时撞着”fall over“绊倒”fall over sth“被……绊倒”
take care of“照顾”= care for = look after
feed on“以……为食”；feed … with…“用……喂……”Eg：Children like to feed rabbits with carrots.“孩子们喜欢用胡萝卜喂兔子。”
an fact = as a matter of fact = in reality “事实上，实际上”
a symbol of……“……的象征”Eg：The dove is a symbol of peace.“鸽子是和平的象征。”
die from“死于……（外部原因）”；die of“死于……（内部原因）”
Eg：Kobe died from an air crash.“科比死于飞机失事。”
Daiyu died of sorrow and worries.“黛玉忧思成疾而亡。”
cut off“切除”cut down“砍到”；cut…into…“把……切成……”cut up“切碎”；cut in“插话，插入”cut out“删掉；割去”
send（v）发送，邮寄，派遣
①send sb sth = send sth to sb “给某人寄/发送某物”Eg：I am going to send my stories to the magazines and newspapers.= I am going to send the magazines and newspapers my stories. “我打算把我的故事寄给杂志社和报社。”
②send （sb） for … “派人去请……”Eg：You should send for a doctor. “你应该派人去请医生”
③send sb to do sth “派人去做某事”Eg：The company headquarters sent him to solve this problem. “公司总部派他去解决这个问题。”
hope （v）希望 hope to do sth “希望做某事”；hope +that从句 “希望……”
Eg：I hope to find out what's going on around the world.“我希望世界各地正在发生的事情。”
in future = from now on “从今以后”； in the future “在将来”Eg：Cities will be more crowded and polluted in the future.“在将来城市将会更加的拥挤，污染会更加地严重。”
There be 句型中：there will be+主语+其他 或there is/are going to be+主语+其他.
Eg：There will be a robot in everyone's home in the future. = There is going to be a robot in everyone’s home in the future.“在十年之后每个人的家里都会一个机器人。”
Jump high out of the water“跳出水面”
①What will+主语+ be like？“…将会怎么样？”Eg：What will the future be like？“未来将会怎么样？”
②what's sb like？“某人怎么样？”（侧重问性格）Eg：What's he like？“他人怎么样？”
③What do/does sb look like？“某人看起来怎么样？”（侧重问外貌）Eg：What does he look like？“他看起来怎么样？”
in danger“在危险之中”out of danger “脱离危险”Eg：The environment will be in great danger.“自然环境将会处于极大的危险之中。”