高二英语10月考试题
考生注意：
1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Does the man think that they can get there by night
A. There is no doubt. B. Yes, if there is no hold-up. C. Impossible.
2. How often does Amy take her ballet lessons now
A. Once every week. B. Twice every week. C. Every other day after school.
3. Where did this conversation most probably take place
A. At a grocer’s store. B. At a restaurant. C. At a bookstore.
4. How many students did the woman believe had taken the exam last Saturday
A. Forty students. B. Fifty students. C. Twenty-five students.
5. What does the woman mean
A. She does not agree with the man.
B She thinks that it is better to wait.
C. She thinks that it is better to drive at night.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6断材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a hotel. B. At a booking office. C. At a friend’s house.
7. What will the man probably do in a few days
A. Fly to another country. B. Come to the same hotel. C. Drive here to visit friends.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. When did the man go to India
A. Years ago. B. A year ago. C. Two years ago.
9. At what time of the day will the woman visit the Taj Mahal if she stay long enough
A. In the morning. B. At night. C. In the morning and at night.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the main topic of the conversation
A. The suggestion for Susan.
B. The guitar lesson for Susan’s son.
C. The guitar lesson for Mary.
11. On which day is the woman going to take her lessons
A. Monday. B. Wednesday. C. Friday.
12. How much will the woman have to pay for her lessons each time
A. 8 dollars. B. 6 dollars. C. 4 dollars.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why did Hans go to England
A. For studying. B. For researching. C. For visiting a friend.
14. Where did Hans mainly stay in England
A. In London. B. In Manchester. C. In Liverpool.
15. How long did Hans stay in England
A. 2 weeks. B. 4 weeks. C. 6 weeks.
16. What was the weather like in England when Hans was there
A. Hot. B. Sunny. C. Foggy.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Venice is the “Queen” of the .
A. Adriatic Sea B. Mediterranean Sea C. Pacific Ocean
18. How do people travel in the city
A. By bus. B. By train. C. By boat.
19. What’s happening to this city
A. The city is becoming more beautiful.
B. The city is becoming smaller.
C. The city is sinking.
20. What will the people there do to save the city
A. They can make the city larger.
B. They can build some strong walls and gates in the sea.
C. They can rebuild the city.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The National Gallery
Description:
The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of Trafalgar Square in London. It houses a diverse collection of more than 2,300 examples of European art ranging from 13th-century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh. The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance.
Layout:
The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th-to15th-century paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, Van Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling.
The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titan and Veronese.
The North Wing houses 17th-century paintings, and artists include Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velazquez, Claude and Vermeer.
The East Wing houses 18th-to early 20th-century paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh.
Opening Hours:
The Gallery is open every day from 10 am to 6 pm (Fridays 10 am to 9 pm) and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions.
Getting There:
Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross (2-minute walk), Leicester Square (3-minute walk), Embankment (7-minute walk), and Piccadilly Circus (8-minute walk).
1. In which century’s collection can you see religious paintings
A. The 20th B. The 17th
C. The 18th D. The 13th
2. Where are Leonardo da Vinci’s works shown
A. In the East Wing. B. In the main West Wing.
C. In the Sainsbury Wing. D. In the North Wing.
3. Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery
A. Charing Cross. B. Leicester Square.
C. Embankment. D. Piccadilly Circus.
B
Arriving in Sydney on his own from India, my husband, Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children.
During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping. He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone. He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, including his passport.
He reported the case to the police and then sat there, lost and lonely in a strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one.
Late in the evening, the phone rang. It was a stranger. He was trying to pronounce my husband’s name and was asking him a lot of questions. Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can(垃圾桶) that had been left out on the footpath.
My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents. Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers. Her parents had carefully sorted them out, although they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the documents. At last they had seen a half-written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend.
That family not only restored the important documents to us that day but also restored our faith and trust in people. We still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish their way.
4. What did Rashid plan to do after his arrival in Sydney
A. Go shopping B. Find a house
C. Join his family D. Take a vacation
5. The girl’s parents got Rashid’s phone number from_________.
A. a friend of his family B. a Sydney policeman
C. a letter in his papers D. a stranger in Sydney
6. What does the underlined word “restored” in the last paragraph mean
A. Showed B. Sent out
C. Delivered D. Gave back
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. From India to Australia. B. Living in a New Country
C. Turning Trash to Treasure. D. In Search of New Friends.
C
Many people think that hippos (河马) are cute and funny-looking. They are really fat and they have short, thick legs. They also have little round ears that wiggle (摆动) sometimes.
Hippos look funny, but you shouldn’t judge a book by its cover. Hippos are extremely violent and dangerous. In fact, they kill more people than any other animal in Africa. Think of how many dangerous animals that Africa has. It has got crocodiles, snakes, lions, elephants and many more. Hippos are more dangerous than all of them.
Hippos are naturally very dangerous animals, but there are some situations that make them even more dangerous than normal. They are very territorial. That means that they stay in one area which they consider to be their private area. If a person or animal enter a hippo’s area, the hippo will attack. Hippos also often attack when they are returning to the water. Hippos eat on land and return to water at dusk. If a hippo sees an animal when it’s returning to the water, it will become violent.
Hippos are so strong that they often kill crocodiles. There are two reasons that explain why hippos and crocodiles often fight. First of all, hippos and crocodiles live in the same areas. Since hippos are territorial, they don’t like having crocodiles nearby. Also, crocodiles often eat young hippos. For that reason, adult hippos frequently kill crocodiles.
Mother and daughter hippos have close relationships. However, hippos don’t have any other close relationship with each other. Hippos often live together in large groups, but scientists don’t know why. It’s hard to study the behaviour of male and female hippos, because males and females look the same.
Hippos are violent, but they are herbivores. A herbivore is an animal that eat only plants. An adult hippo eats about 50 kilograms of plants every day. Hippos are much more comfortable in the water, but they can run fast on land. Their top speed is about 19 kilometers per hour. That’s much faster than humans can run.
8. What is the text mainly about
A. The fight between hippos and crocodiles.
B. How to tell male hippos and female ones.
C. Africa’s most dangerous animal — hippos.
D. Why hippos get violent.
9. If an animal is territorial, what does that mean
A. It is afraid of other animals.
B. It stays within a limited area.
C. It does not like to live in large groups.
D. It does not want other animals to enter its area.
10. What can we learn from the text
A. Hippos swim faster than crocodiles.
B. It is hard to explain why hippos live in groups.
C. Male and female hippos look different.
D. Violent animals usually eat plants.
11. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A. To inform. B. To entertain.
C To instruct. D. To persuade.
D
Salvador Dali wasn’t exactly modest. And he’ll tell you so, too, face to face at the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg, Florida. Here, the Spanish surrealist is alive and well, ready to talk to you in person about his art.
Well, sort of. This Dali is brought to life through the magic of artificial intelligence. It’s a newly opened exhibition called “Dali lives”, and it is more than 2,000 Dali works in about 20,000 square feet of exhibit space. Three video boards showing a life-size Dali, standing 5’8’’tall, form the exhibit — one at the museum gate, one on the third floor by the main exhibits (including Dali’s paintings and photographs, two technologically treated paintings allowing visitors to put themselves inside the paintings, and a special experience of “walking” through Dali’s 1934 painting “Archaeological Reminiscence of Millet’s Angelus”) and one in the gift shop on the way out. Each one offers a different experience when you push a doorbell on the board to get Dali’s attention.
The most surprising thing about “Dali Lives” is that you’re dealing with a version of the artist himself. It looks like Dali, it sounds like Dali, it is Dali. The museum worked together with the San Francisco advertising agency Goodby Silvrstein＆Partners to achieve this, feeding hundreds of new interviews and words from his written works into an artificial intelligence system to recreate the artist. The result was a living, moving version of Dali ready to converse with anyone there, answering their questions.
“Dali himself was at the forefront of technology and was always experimenting with and trying new things,” says Beth Bell, marketing director at the Dali Museum. “we think he would have loved these types of things. It’s in the spirit of Dali himself.
12. What can we know about Dali from the text
A. He was a modest surrealist.
B. He once lived in St. Petersburg.
C. He produced a lot of works of art.
D. He came up with the idea of “Dali Lives”.
13. What can visitors do at the exhibition “Dali Lives”
A. Learn painting skills.
B. Get a surprising gift from Dali.
C. Watch lots of interviews with Dali.
D. Enjoy the magic of modern technology.
14 What does the underlined word “converse” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Live. B. Talk. C. Play. D. Work.
15. What is the best title of the text
A. Dali — A Famous Painter B. Dali — A Spanish Surrealist
C. A Different Exhibition D. Meet With Dali
第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Public Speaking Training
Get a coach
___16___, so get help. Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses, here are some things to look for when deciding the training that's right for you.
Focus on positives
Any training you do to become more effective at public speaking should always focus on the positive aspects of what you already do well. Nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you aren't doing well. ___17___, so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldn’t do.
___18___
If you find a public speaking course that looks as though it’s going to give you lots of dos and don'ts, walk away! Your brain is so full of what you’re going to be talking about. ___19___. As far as we’re concerned, there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speaking. Your audience can be your friends.
You are a special person not a clone.
Most importantly, good public speaking training should treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits. ___20___. Your training course should help you bring out your personality, not try to turn you into someone you're not.
A. You aren’t like anybody else
B. You already do lots of things well
C. Turn your back on too many rules
D. Check the rules about dos and don’ts
E. Whatever the presentation, public speaking is tough.
F. The one thing you don’t want is for them to fall asleep
G. So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse
第三部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分 45 分)
第一节 完形填空(每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
During my lifetime, I’ve learnt something important: it’s good to learn new skills outside of your comfort zone. About seven years ago, I started learning how to paint as a___21___. I was pretty terrible. Everything looked___22___, and my colors were totally off. My friends and colleagues suggested that I stop___23___my time on something I wasn’t good at. “___24___on your day job,” they said. I kept at it — practicing, taking classes, finding the right___25___who could guide me. I am now_____26_____“good”. Today, the same friends say I was born with this___27___.
The same thing___28___when I started piano and singing lessons a couple of years ments shifted from, “Stop wasting your time and focus on what you know,” to “You’ve got a musical gene (基因).”
These___29___originate from long-held beliefs that growth is usually not possible for adults. Even when there is evidence of learning, it can be_____30_____to inborn talent.
Most scientific studies on adulthood focus on cognitive decline (认知下降), rather than_____31_____, suggesting that even scientists may think that development is limited in adulthood. A few recent studies suggest that_____32_____new skills, such as photography, for even three months may strengthen the functioning of the brain in adults.
I would take these studies one step further to argue that a(n)_____33_____cause of cognitive decline is the fact that adults learn fewer new skills_____34_____to children. If we can_____35_____how to learn well as adults, then perhaps we can_____36_____cognitive decline.
Adults are often_____37_____ to go outside of their comfort zones. We fear looking_____38_____for making mistakes; we fear failure could cost us our jobs. Perhaps a reason why we suffer from cognitive decline is that we do not engage in learning new skills for many years.
To better communicate with my German friends, I am starting to learn German. I’m_____39_____at the “listening and babbling (咿呀学语)” phase. Sure, some may laugh at an adult babbling, but I hope one day I can_____40_____German fluently, and inspire many other adults to learn like a baby.
21. A. hobby B. dream C. job D. measure
22. A. perfect B. bright C. dull D. enjoyable
23. A. taking B. wasting C. putting D. getting
24. A. Count B. Depend C. Focus D. Congratulate
25. A. friends B. teachers C. colleagues D. partners
26. A. concluded B. realized C. considered D. described
27. A. character B. spirit C. talent D. power
28. A. happened B. found C. mentioned D. showed
29. A. suggestions B. achievements C. results D. comments
30. A. reported B. owed C. forced D. addicted
31. A. failure B. change C. adaptation D. growth
32. A. catching B. arranging C. learning D. holding
33. A. important B. strange C. insignificant D. useful
34. A. prepared B. compared C. intended D. provided
35. A. break out B. give out C. bring out D. figure out
36 A. interrupt B. prevent C. master D. influence
37. A. unreasonable B. uncertain C. unwilling D. undoubted
38. A. stupid B. upset C. crazy D. ugly
39. A. clearly B. presently C. continually D. occasionally
40. A. write B. read C. listen D. speak
第II卷 非选择题
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
In China, the history of people planting and using bamboo dates back to as far as 7, 000 years ago. As early as the Shang Dynasty, bamboo was used for food, clothing, housing, transportation, musical instruments and even weapons. Since then it ____41____ (use) in many aspects of people’s daily lives.
The ____42____ (apply) of bamboo in science and technology is thrilling. In 51 BC Li Bing, in Sichuan, ____43____ (lead) the local people in building the Dujiang Weirs, the first irrigation (灌溉) network in the world, in ____44____ bamboo played an important role. The world’s oldest water pipe was also made of bamboo. During the Han Dynasty, the people in Sichuan ____45____ (success) sank a 1600-metre-deep well with thick bamboo ropes. This technology did not spread to Europe ____46____ the 19th century, and it was by using the technology ____47____ the Americans drilled the first oil well in Pennsylvania in 1859.
In Chinese culture, bamboo is well-known as ____48____ of the “four gentlemen” in plants. To many distinguished men, bamboo is a symbol of goodness and honesty. It is always closely ____49____ (connect) with people of positive spirits. Bamboo culture always plays a positive role in encouraging people to hold on when ____50____ (face) tough situations.
第二节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。短文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Linda,
I have read your letter, in which you mention that you wanted to lose weight by dieting. It’s naturally for young girls of your ages to wish to look beautiful. Therefore, in my opinion, health is more important than beauty. For a student, studying is the first thing to consider while appearance is the second. So don’t let others’ opinions to affect your normal life. However, if you do want to lose weight, it’s good idea to do it by getting more exercise and change unhealthy eating habits. The most important thing is that you keep a healthy state of mind, as they will help with your studies, and will also help you overcome difficult in dieting.
I hope my advice will be helpful with you.
Yours,
Tom
第三节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 你校近期将举行“小视频”大赛（video contest），请写一封信给美国的朋友Jim，邀请他参加并告知他相关信息。
1.作品反映校园生活，家庭生活或者家乡变化；
2.视频不超过8分钟；
3.参赛方式和截止时间
注意：1.词数:100词左右；
2.书信格式已给出（不计入总词数）；
3. 可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours Sincerely,
Li Hua高二英语10月考试题
考生注意：
1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Does the man think that they can get there by night
A. There is no doubt. B. Yes, if there is no hold-up. C. Impossible.
2. How often does Amy take her ballet lessons now
A. Once every week. B. Twice every week. C. Every other day after school.
3. Where did this conversation most probably take place
A. At a grocer’s store. B. At a restaurant. C. At a bookstore.
4. How many students did the woman believe had taken the exam last Saturday
A. Forty students. B. Fifty students. C. Twenty-five students.
5. What does the woman mean
A. She does not agree with the man.
B. She thinks that it is better to wait.
C. She thinks that it is better to drive at night.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6断材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a hotel. B. At a booking office. C. At a friend’s house.
7. What will the man probably do in a few days
A. Fly to another country. B. Come to the same hotel. C. Drive here to visit friends.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. When did the man go to India
A. Years ago. B. A year ago. C. Two years ago.
9. At what time of the day will the woman visit the Taj Mahal if she stay long enough
A. In the morning. B. At night. C. In the morning and at night.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the main topic of the conversation
A. The suggestion for Susan.
B. The guitar lesson for Susan’s son.
C. The guitar lesson for Mary.
11. On which day is the woman going to take her lessons
A. Monday. B. Wednesday. C. Friday.
12. How much will the woman have to pay for her lessons each time
A. 8 dollars. B. 6 dollars. C. 4 dollars.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why did Hans go to England
A. For studying. B. For researching. C. For visiting a friend.
14. Where did Hans mainly stay in England
A. In London. B. In Manchester. C. In Liverpool.
15. How long did Hans stay in England
A. 2 weeks. B. 4 weeks. C. 6 weeks.
16. What was the weather like in England when Hans was there
A. Hot. B. Sunny. C. Foggy.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Venice is the “Queen” of the .
A. Adriatic Sea B. Mediterranean Sea C. Pacific Ocean
18. How do people travel in the city
A. By bus. B. By train. C. By boat.
19. What’s happening to this city
A. The city is becoming more beautiful.
B. The city is becoming smaller.
C. The city is sinking.
20. What will the people there do to save the city
A. They can make the city larger.
B. They can build some strong walls and gates in the sea.
C. They can rebuild the city.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The National Gallery
Description:
The National Gallery is the British national art museum built on the north side of Trafalgar Square in London. It houses a diverse collection of more than 2,300 examples of European art ranging from 13th-century religious paintings to more modern ones by Renoir and Van Gogh. The older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the East Wing are most easily reached from Trafalgar Square by a ground floor entrance.
Layout:
The modern Sainsbury Wing on the western side of the building houses 13th-to15th-century paintings, and artists include Duccio, Uccello, Van Eyck, Lippi, Mantegna, Botticelli and Memling.
The main West Wing houses 16th-century paintings, and artists include Leonardo da Vinci, Cranach, Michelangelo, Raphael, Bruegel, Bronzino, Titan and Veronese.
The North Wing houses 17th-century paintings, and artists include Caravaggio, Rubens, Poussin, Van Dyck, Velazquez, Claude and Vermeer.
The East Wing houses 18th-to early 20th-century paintings, and artists include Canaletto, Goya, Turner, Constable, Renoir and Van Gogh.
Opening Hours:
The Gallery is open every day from 10 am to 6 pm (Fridays 10 am to 9 pm) and is free, but charges apply to some special exhibitions.
Getting There:
Nearest underground stations: Charing Cross (2-minute walk), Leicester Square (3-minute walk), Embankment (7-minute walk), and Piccadilly Circus (8-minute walk).
1. In which century’s collection can you see religious paintings
A. The 20th B. The 17th
C. The 18th D. The 13th
2 Where are Leonardo da Vinci’s works shown
A. In the East Wing. B. In the main West Wing.
C. In the Sainsbury Wing. D. In the North Wing.
3. Which underground station is closest to the National Gallery
A. Charing Cross. B. Leicester Square.
C. Embankment. D. Piccadilly Circus.
【答案】1 D 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英国国家美术馆的展品以及这个展馆的布置、开馆的时间等情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的ranging from 13th century religious paintings to...可知人们可以在这里看到13世纪的宗教图画。B、C、D三项中的图画都没有涉及religious这个词。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段中的The main West Wing houses 16th century paintings，and artists include Leonardo da Vinci...可知，达 芬奇的作品可以在the main West Wing中看到，因此选B。其他几个地方都没有展出达 芬奇的画。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Nearest underground stations：Charing Cross(2 minute walk)．..可知，Charing Cross离国家美术馆只有步行2分钟的路程，其他几个地方离国家美术馆的距离都比Charing Cross远。故选A。
【点睛】细节理解题解题思路与应试技巧
细节题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，正确答案的根据一定可以在原文中找到，即原文的改写往往成为正确选项。
通常细节题的正确选项有以下特征：
1、对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词，成为正确选项。
2、词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，或者改变原文句子的语态，给考生制造障碍。
3、语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，成为正确答案。
4、正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项（适用于寻找错误选项的题目）。
干扰项也是以文章中的某个细节设题，若不仔细辨别，很容易把它当成正确选项。干扰项有以下特征：
1、将原文内容扩大或缩小。把原文中的限定词去掉或替换，使该选项看似正确，实际上却是错误选项。
2、把未然当已然。改变文中某句话的时态，如把将来时变成现在时，把未发生的事情当成已发生的事情。
3、无中生有。即选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论，而文中并未涉及。
4、偷换概念。把原来做该事的“张三”换成“李四”，所述细节确实与原文一致，一不小心就会误选。
5、文不对题。这类题最不容易辨别，选项中的描述与原文完全一致，确属原文中的一个细节，这时要回到题干，看该选项是否能回答题干所提的问题。
B
Arriving in Sydney on his own from India, my husband, Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children.
During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping. He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone. He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, including his passport.
He reported the case to the police and then sat there, lost and lonely in a strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one.
Late in the evening, the phone rang. It was a stranger. He was trying to pronounce my husband’s name and was asking him a lot of questions. Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can(垃圾桶) that had been left out on the footpath.
My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents. Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers. Her parents had carefully sorted them out, although they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the documents. At last they had seen a half-written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend.
That family not only restored the important documents to us that day but also restored our faith and trust in people. We still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish their way.
4. What did Rashid plan to do after his arrival in Sydney
A. Go shopping B. Find a house
C. Join his family D. Take a vacation
5. The girl’s parents got Rashid’s phone number from_________.
A. a friend of his family B. a Sydney policeman
C. a letter in his papers D. a stranger in Sydney
6. What does the underlined word “restored” in the last paragraph mean
A. Showed B. Sent out
C. Delivered D. Gave back
7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. From India to Australia. B. Living in a New Country
C. Turning Trash to Treasure. D. In Search of New Friends.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的丈夫丢失的物品被扔到了垃圾箱，但是有一个好心的家庭却把那些文件等整理好送还给作者的丈夫，这些别人眼里的垃圾对作者的丈夫来说非常重要。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章首段“Arriving in Sydney on his own from India, my husband, Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children.(我丈夫拉希德独自从印度抵达悉尼，在为我和孩子们寻找房子时，他在一家酒店住了很短时间)”可知，Rashid到了悉尼后，在旅馆待了很短一段时间就出去给家人找房子了。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句话“At last they had seen a half-written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend.(最后，他们看到了一堆写了一半的信，我丈夫把他的新电话号码给了一个朋友。最后，他们看到了一堆写了一半的信，我丈夫把他的新电话号码给了一个朋友)”可知，陌生人一家是通过作者丈夫文件中的一封信里的内容得知他的电话号码的。故选C。
【6题详解】
猜测词义题。根据文章倒数第二段第一句话“My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents.(我丈夫赶到他们家，发现一个和蔼可亲的家庭拿着他的所有文件和文件)”可知，那家人把捡到的文件送还给作者的丈夫，应该是“归还”文件，由此判断该词意思是“归还”。故选D。
7题详解】
主旨大意题。文章讲述了作者的丈夫丢失的物品被扔到了垃圾箱，但是有一个好心的家庭却把那些文件等整理好送还给作者的丈夫，这些别人眼里的垃圾对作者的丈夫来说非常重要，由此判断C选项“把垃圾变成财富”能体现文章中心，适合作本文的标题。故选C。
C
Many people think that hippos (河马) are cute and funny-looking. They are really fat and they have short, thick legs. They also have little round ears that wiggle (摆动) sometimes.
Hippos look funny, but you shouldn’t judge a book by its cover. Hippos are extremely violent and dangerous. In fact, they kill more people than any other animal in Africa. Think of how many dangerous animals that Africa has. It has got crocodiles, snakes, lions, elephants and many more. Hippos are more dangerous than all of them.
Hippos are naturally very dangerous animals, but there are some situations that make them even more dangerous than normal. They are very territorial. That means that they stay in one area which they consider to be their private area. If a person or animal enter a hippo’s area, the hippo will attack. Hippos also often attack when they are returning to the water. Hippos eat on land and return to water at dusk. If a hippo sees an animal when it’s returning to the water, it will become violent.
Hippos are so strong that they often kill crocodiles. There are two reasons that explain why hippos and crocodiles often fight. First of all, hippos and crocodiles live in the same areas. Since hippos are territorial, they don’t like having crocodiles nearby. Also, crocodiles often eat young hippos. For that reason, adult hippos frequently kill crocodiles.
Mother and daughter hippos have close relationships. However, hippos don’t have any other close relationship with each other. Hippos often live together in large groups, but scientists don’t know why. It’s hard to study the behaviour of male and female hippos, because males and females look the same.
Hippos are violent, but they are herbivores. A herbivore is an animal that eat only plants. An adult hippo eats about 50 kilograms of plants every day. Hippos are much more comfortable in the water, but they can run fast on land. Their top speed is about 19 kilometers per hour. That’s much faster than humans can run.
8. What is the text mainly about
A. The fight between hippos and crocodiles.
B. How to tell male hippos and female ones.
C. Africa’s most dangerous animal — hippos.
D. Why hippos get violent.
9. If an animal is territorial, what does that mean
A. It is afraid of other animals.
B. It stays within a limited area.
C. It does not like to live in large groups.
D. It does not want other animals to enter its area.
10. What can we learn from the text
A. Hippos swim faster than crocodiles.
B. It is hard to explain why hippos live in groups.
C. Male and female hippos look different.
D. Violent animals usually eat plants.
11. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A. To inform. B. To entertain.
C. To instruct. D. To persuade.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述非洲最危险的动物——河马，及危险的原因。
【8题详解】
文章大意题。根据第二段“Hippos are extremely violent and dangerous. In fact, they kill more people than any other animal in Africa.(河马及其暴力和危险。事实上，与其他动物相比，它们在非洲杀死更多的人)”可知，文章主要讲述：非洲最危险的动物是河马。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“That means that they stay in one area which they consider to be their private area. If a person or animal enter a hippo’s area, the hippo will attack.(那就意味着它们待在一个它们认为是自己私人领域的地方。如果一个人或动物进入到河马的领地，河马将会袭击他们)”可知，如果一只动物是territorial，那就意味着它们不想让其它动物进入到他们的领地，故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Hippos often live together in large groups, but scientists don’t know why.(河马经常一大群居住在一起，但是科学家不知道为什么)”可知，很难解释为什么河马群居，故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Hippos look funny, but you shouldn’t judge a book by its cover. Hippos are extremely violent and dangerous.(河马看起来很滑稽，但是不可貌相。河马及其暴力和危险)”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是：告知我们河马的危险。故选A项。
D
Salvador Dali wasn’t exactly modest. And he’ll tell you so, too, face to face at the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg, Florida. Here, the Spanish surrealist is alive and well, ready to talk to you in person about his art.
Well, sort of. This Dali is brought to life through the magic of artificial intelligence. It’s a newly opened exhibition called “Dali lives”, and it is more than 2,000 Dali works in about 20,000 square feet of exhibit space. Three video boards showing a life-size Dali, standing 5’8’’tall, form the exhibit — one at the museum gate, one on the third floor by the main exhibits (including Dali’s paintings and photographs, two technologically treated paintings allowing visitors to put themselves inside the paintings, and a special experience of “walking” through Dali’s 1934 painting “Archaeological Reminiscence of Millet’s Angelus”) and one in the gift shop on the way out. Each one offers a different experience when you push a doorbell on the board to get Dali’s attention.
The most surprising thing about “Dali Lives” is that you’re dealing with a version of the artist himself. It looks like Dali, it sounds like Dali, it is Dali. The museum worked together with the San Francisco advertising agency Goodby Silvrstein＆Partners to achieve this, feeding hundreds of new interviews and words from his written works into an artificial intelligence system to recreate the artist. The result was a living, moving version of Dali ready to converse with anyone there, answering their questions.
“Dali himself was at the forefront of technology and was always experimenting with and trying new things,” says Beth Bell, marketing director at the Dali Museum. “we think he would have loved these types of things. It’s in the spirit of Dali himself.
12. What can we know about Dali from the text
A. He was a modest surrealist.
B. He once lived in St. Petersburg.
C. He produced a lot of works of art.
D. He came up with the idea of “Dali Lives”.
13. What can visitors do at the exhibition “Dali Lives”
A. Learn painting skills.
B. Get a surprising gift from Dali.
C. Watch lots of interviews with Dali.
D. Enjoy the magic of modern technology.
14. What does the underlined word “converse” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Live. B. Talk. C. Play. D. Work.
15. What is the best title of the text
A. Dali — A Famous Painter B. Dali — A Spanish Surrealist
C. A Different Exhibition D. Meet With Dali
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人工智能让达利“复活”，在达利博物馆的视频版中与参与者互动交流。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中句子“It’s a newly opened exhibition called ‘Dali lives’, and it is more than 2,000 Dali works in about 20,000 square feet of exhibit space.(这是一个新开放的展览，名为“达利一生”，它遍布整个达利博物馆，在大约20000平方英尺的展览空间里收藏了2000多件达利作品)”可知，达利是一位艺术家，达利博物馆藏有他的2000多件作品，因此，从文章中我们可以了解到达利创作了许多艺术品。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中句子“This Dali is brought to life through the magic of artificial intelligence. It’s a newly opened exhibition called “ Dali lives”, and it is more than 2,000 Dali works in about 20,000 square feet of exhibit space. Three video boards showing a life-size Dali, standing 5’8’’tall, form the exhibit — one at the museum gate, one on the third floor by the main exhibits (including Dali’s paintings and photographs, two technologically treated paintings allowing visitors to put themselves inside the paintings,(这个达利是通过人工智能的魔力复活的，这个达利被赋予了生命。这是一个新开放的展览，名为“达利一生”，它遍布整个达利博物馆，在大约20000平方英尺的展览空间里收藏了2000多件达利作品。三块视频板显示了一个真人大小的达利，高5英尺8英寸，构成了展览—一个在博物馆大门，一个在三楼的主要展品旁边（包括达利的画和照片，两幅经过技术处理的画，让参观者可以置身其中)”可知，本次展览利用许多先进技术，展现出了科技惊人的力量，因此，“达利一生”的参观者可以做的是领略到现代科技的魅力。故选D项。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线句子下文“answering their questions.(回答他们的问题)”可推断，由人工智能“复活的”达利能与人对话，回答他们的问题，符合题意。所以第3段中带下划线的“converse”意思是对话，交谈。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，主要讲述了人工智能让达利“复活”，在达利博物馆的视频版中与参与者互动交流。且根据第一段“And he’ll tell you so,too, face to face at the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg, Florida. Here, the Spanish surrealist is alive and well, ready to talk to you in person about his art.(在佛罗里达州圣彼得堡的萨尔瓦多达利博物馆，他也会告诉你的。在这里，这位西班牙超现实主义者活得很好，准备亲自和你谈谈他的艺术)”和第二段“This Dali is brought to life through the magic of artificial intelligence. It’s a newly opened exhibition called “ Dali lives”, and it is more than 2,000 Dali works in about 20,000 square feet of exhibit space.(这个达利是通过人工智能的魔力复活的。这个达利被赋予了生命。这是一个新开张的展览，名为‘达利的生活’，它遍布整个大理博物馆，在大约20000平方英尺的展览空间里，藏有2000多件大理作品)”可知，本文主要介绍了融入了许多科技元素，由人工智能技术辅助开办的一次特殊的达利作品展。所以文章最好的题目是一个不同的（特殊的）展览。故选C项。
第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Public Speaking Training
Get a coach
___16___, so get help. Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses, here are some things to look for when deciding the training that's right for you.
Focus on positives
Any training you do to become more effective at public speaking should always focus on the positive aspects of what you already do well. Nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you aren't doing well. ___17___, so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldn’t do.
___18___
If you find a public speaking course that looks as though it’s going to give you lots of dos and don'ts, walk away! Your brain is so full of what you’re going to be talking about. ___19___. As far as we’re concerned, there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speaking. Your audience can be your friends.
You are a special person not a clone.
Most importantly, good public speaking training should treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits. ___20___. Your training course should help you bring out your personality, not try to turn you into someone you're not.
A. You aren’t like anybody else
B. You already do lots of things well
C. Turn your back on too many rules
D. Check the rules about dos and don’ts
E. Whatever the presentation, public speaking is tough.
F. The one thing you don’t want is for them to fall asleep
G. So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse
【答案】16. E 17. B 18. C 19. G 20. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了进行公共演讲的训练要点。你可以找到一个教练帮助你进行公众演讲训练也可以参加公众演讲训练课，并且指出应该找到适合自己的培训机构。
【16题详解】
根据本段小标题Get a coach以及设空处后句so get help（所以寻求一些帮助）可知，E项“不管是什么演讲，公开演讲都很难”符合此处语境，引起下文Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据下文 so good public speaking training should develop those(好的公共演讲培训应该培养这些能力，而不是告诉你你不应该做什么事。)与空格形成因果关系，所以空格中应表达“你已经做得很好了＂的含义。故选B。
【18题详解】
本题位于段首，为整段的主旨大意。本段第一句中提到 lots of dos and don’ts,walk away!可知，如果有的培训讲太多的条条框框的话，要对条条框框说不。故选C（要对条条框框说不）作为本段主旨，符合题意。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上一句 Your brain is so full of what you’re going to be talking about(你的脑子里满是你要讲的内容。)可知后一空与前一句形成因果关系，脑子里装满了条条框框只会使情况变得更糟。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据上一句good public speaking training should treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits.(良好的公开演讲培训应该是把你视作一个特殊的人，有着自己个人的习惯。)可知，本段讲的是“与众不同”，故选A项。
第三部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分 45 分)
第一节 完形填空(每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
During my lifetime, I’ve learnt something important: it’s good to learn new skills outside of your comfort zone. About seven years ago, I started learning how to paint as a___21___. I was pretty terrible. Everything looked___22___, and my colors were totally off. My friends and colleagues suggested that I stop___23___my time on something I wasn’t good at. “___24___on your day job,” they said. I kept at it — practicing, taking classes, finding the right___25___who could guide me. I am now_____26_____“good”. Today, the same friends say I was born with this___27___.
The same thing___28___when I started piano and singing lessons a couple of years ments shifted from, “Stop wasting your time and focus on what you know,” to “You’ve got a musical gene (基因).”
These___29___originate from long-held beliefs that growth is usually not possible for adults. Even when there is evidence of learning, it can be_____30_____to inborn talent.
Most scientific studies on adulthood focus on cognitive decline (认知下降), rather than_____31_____, suggesting that even scientists may think that development is limited in adulthood. A few recent studies suggest that_____32_____new skills, such as photography, for even three months may strengthen the functioning of the brain in adults.
I would take these studies one step further to argue that a(n)_____33_____cause of cognitive decline is the fact that adults learn fewer new skills_____34_____to children. If we can_____35_____how to learn well as adults, then perhaps we can_____36_____cognitive decline.
Adults are often_____37_____ to go outside of their comfort zones. We fear looking_____38_____for making mistakes; we fear failure could cost us our jobs. Perhaps a reason why we suffer from cognitive decline is that we do not engage in learning new skills for many years.
To better communicate with my German friends, I am starting to learn German. I’m_____39_____at the “listening and babbling (咿呀学语)” phase. Sure, some may laugh at an adult babbling, but I hope one day I can_____40_____German fluently, and inspire many other adults to learn like a baby.
21. A. hobby B. dream C. job D. measure
22. A. perfect B. bright C. dull D. enjoyable
23. A. taking B. wasting C. putting D. getting
24. A. Count B. Depend C. Focus D. Congratulate
25. A. friends B. teachers C. colleagues D. partners
26. A. concluded B. realized C. considered D. described
27. A. character B. spirit C. talent D. power
28. A. happened B. found C. mentioned D. showed
29. A. suggestions B. achievements C. results D. comments
30. A. reported B. owed C. forced D. addicted
31. A. failure B. change C. adaptation D. growth
32. A. catching B. arranging C. learning D. holding
33. A. important B. strange C. insignificant D. useful
34. A. prepared B. compared C. intended D. provided
35. A. break out B. give out C. bring out D. figure out
36. A. interrupt B. prevent C. master D. influence
37. A. unreasonable B. uncertain C. unwilling D. undoubted
38. A. stupid B. upset C. crazy D. ugly
39. A. clearly B. presently C. continually D. occasionally
40. A. write B. read C. listen D. speak
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章作者通过自己的经历说明：成年人的认知能力并非下降，是因为我们往往不愿意走出自己的舒适区，去学习新的知识与技能。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大约七年前，我开始把学习画画作为一种爱好。A. hobby爱好；B. dream梦想；C. job工作；D. measure措施。根据“I started learning how to paint”可知，作者学习画画是作为一种爱好。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所有的东西看起来都很沉闷，我的颜色也完全变色了。A. perfect完美的；B. bright明亮的；C. dull无聊的；D. enjoyable令人愉快的。根据“I was pretty terrible.”可知，作者表现得很差，因此觉得所有的东西看起来都很无聊。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友和同事建议我不要在我不擅长的事情上浪费时间。A. taking拿走；B. wasting浪费；C. putting放置；D. getting得到。根据“Stop wasting your time”可知，此处是信息此“wasting”的词汇复现。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：“专注于你的日常工作，”他们说。A. Count on指望，预料到；B. Depend on依靠；C. Focus on关注，专注于；D. Congratulate on祝贺。根据下文的“focus on what you know”可知，此处是信息词“focus on”的词汇复现。故选C。
25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我坚持不懈——练习、上课、找到能指导我的合适的老师。A. friends朋友；B. teachers老师；C. colleagues同事；D. partners伙伴。根据“who could guide me”可知，为了学好画画，作者找了合适的老师指导自己。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我现在被认为是“擅长画画的”。A. concluded得出结论，终止；B. realized意识到；C. considered考虑；D. described描述。根据上文内容“I kept at it — practicing, taking classes, finding the right___5___who could guide me.”可知，作者经过坚持不懈的练习，上课和老师的指导后，被认为擅长画画。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，同样的朋友们说我生来就有这种天赋。A. character特征，性格；B. spirit精神；C. talent天赋，才能；D. power权力，力量。根据下文“it can be___10___to inborn talent.”可知，此处是信息词“talent”的词汇复现。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年前我开始学钢琴和唱歌时也发生了同样的事情。A. happened发生；B. found找到，发现；C. mentioned提到；D. showed展示。根据“Comments shifted from, “Stop wasting your time and focus on what you know,” to “You’ve got a musical gene(基因).””可知，在作者学习钢琴和唱歌时发生了和学画画时一样的事情。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些评论源于人们长期以来的信念，即成人通常不可能成长。A. suggestions建议；B. achievements成就；C. results结果；D. comments评论。根据上文“Comments shifted from”可知，此处是信息词“comments”的词汇复现。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使有学习的证据，也可以归功于与生俱来的天赋。A. reported报告，报道；B. owed归功于，欠；C. forced强迫；D. addicted使上瘾，使沉溺。owe…to…为固定短语，意为“把……归功于”。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大多数关于成年期的科学研究关注的是认知衰退，而不是增长，这表明即使是科学家也可能认为成年期的发展是有限的。A. failure失败；B. change改变；C. adaptation适应；D. growth生长，增长。上文提到“cognitive decline”，rather than前后为转折关系，空处应该表示“增长”。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近的一些研究表明，学习一些新技能，比如摄影，即使三个月也可以增强成年人的大脑功能。A. catching抓住；B. arranging安排；C. learning学习；D. holding握住，持有。根据上文“it’s good to learn new skills outside of your comfort zone.”可知，此处对应的是信息词“learn”，表示学习新的技能。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想进一步讨论这些研究，认为认知能力下降的一个重要原因是成年人学习的新技能比儿童少。A. important重要的；B. strange奇怪的；C. insignificant无关重要的，微不足道的；D. useful有用的。根据“the fact that adults learn fewer new skills”可知，此处表示成年人学习更少的新技能是认知能力下降的一个重要原因。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想进一步讨论这些研究，认为认知能力下降的一个重要原因是成年人学习的新技能比儿童少。A. prepared准备；B. compared比较；C. intended打算；D. provided提供。根据“learn fewer new skills”可知，此处把成年人和儿童进行比较。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果我们能弄清楚如何作为成年人一样更好地学习，那么也许我们就能防止认知能力的下降。 A. break out爆发；B. give out分发；C. bring out出版；D. figure out算出，弄清楚。根据“how to learn well as adults”可知，此处表示想要阻止认知能力下降，就要弄清楚如何作为成年人一样更好地学习。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们能弄清楚如何作为成年人一样更好地学习，那么也许我们就能防止认知能力的下降。A. interrupt打断；B. prevent阻止；C. master掌握，精通；D. influence影响。根据“If we can___15___how to learn well as adults”可知，作者认为如果我们能弄清楚如何作为成年人一样更好地学习，那么也许我们就能防止认知能力的下降。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：成年人往往不愿意走出自己的舒适区。A. unreasonable不合理的，不公正的；B. uncertain不确定的；C. unwilling不愿意的；D. undoubted毫无疑问的。根据下文“We fear looking___18___for making mistakes”可知，因为害怕犯错，成年人不愿意走出自己的舒适区。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们害怕因为犯错而显得愚蠢；我们害怕失败会让我们失去工作。A. stupid愚蠢的；B. upset沮丧，难过；C. crazy疯狂的；D. ugly丑的。根据“for making mistakes”可知，成年人害怕因为犯错误看起来显得很愚蠢。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我现在正处于“倾听和咿呀学语”阶段。A. clearly清楚地；B. presently现在，此刻；C. continually连续地，不断地；D. occasionally偶尔，有时候。根据“I am starting to learn German”可知，作者刚开始学习德语，因此现在处于“倾听和咿呀学语”阶段。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，有些人可能会嘲笑成年人的咿呀学语，但我希望有一天我能说一口流利的德语，并激励其他许多成年人像婴儿一样学习德语。A. write写；B. read阅读；C. listen听；D. speak说话。根据上文“To better communicate with my German friends”可知，作者学习德语的最终目标是为了能够流利地说出德语，与人交流。故选D。
第II卷 非选择题
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
In China, the history of people planting and using bamboo dates back to as far as 7, 000 years ago. As early as the Shang Dynasty, bamboo was used for food, clothing, housing, transportation, musical instruments and even weapons. Since then it ____41____ (use) in many aspects of people’s daily lives.
The ____42____ (apply) of bamboo in science and technology is thrilling. In 51 BC, Li Bing, in Sichuan, ____43____ (lead) the local people in building the Dujiang Weirs, the first irrigation (灌溉) network in the world, in ____44____ bamboo played an important role. The world’s oldest water pipe was also made of bamboo. During the Han Dynasty, the people in Sichuan ____45____ (success) sank a 1600-metre-deep well with thick bamboo ropes. This technology did not spread to Europe ____46____ the 19th century, and it was by using the technology ____47____ the Americans drilled the first oil well in Pennsylvania in 1859.
In Chinese culture, bamboo is well-known as ____48____ of the “four gentlemen” in plants. To many distinguished men, bamboo is a symbol of goodness and honesty. It is always closely ____49____ (connect) with people of positive spirits. Bamboo culture always plays a positive role in encouraging people to hold on when ____50____ (face) tough situations.
【答案】41. has been used
42. application
43. led 44. which
45. successfully
46. until 47. that
48. one 49. connected
50. facing
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了竹子在我们日常生活中的巨大作用。
【41题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：自从那以来，竹子被用在人们日常生活的很多方面。根据时间状语Since then可知应用现在完成时，it (bamboo)与use构成被动关系，因此应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been used。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：竹子在科技领域的使用是很令人兴奋的。分析句子可知此处缺主语，因此应用名词，application“应用”。故填application。
【43题详解】
考查一般过去时。句意：在公元前51年，李冰在四川领导当地人建造了都江堰，世界第一个灌溉系统，在这个系统中，竹子起了重要作用。根据句子的时间状语In 51 BC可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填led。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在公元前51年，李冰在四川领导当地人建造了都江堰，世界第一个灌溉系统，在都江堰，竹子起了重要作用。分析句子可知此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Dujiang Weirs，且空前有介词，因此应用which，构成in which引导定语从句,相当于关系副词where，在从句中做地点状语。故填which。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：在汉朝，四川人民成功地用厚竹绳打了1600米深的井。此处应用副词修饰谓语动词sank。故填successfully。
【46题详解】
考查连词。句意：这项技术直到十九世纪才传播到欧洲，正是用这种技术美国人于1859年在宾夕法尼亚打下第一口油井。根据句意可知此处应填until， not…until…意为“直到……才……”。故填until。
【47题详解】
考查强调句。句意：这项技术直到十九世纪才传播到欧洲，正是用这种技术美国人于1859年在宾夕法尼亚打下第一口油井。分析句子结构可知此处为强调句，强调句子的方式状语by using the technology。故填that。
【48题详解】
考查代词。句意：在中国文化里，竹子被誉为梅兰竹菊“四君子”之一。根据常识可知竹子是梅兰竹菊“四君子”的成员之一，one of…“……中的一个；……之一”。故填one。
【49题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：竹子总是与积极上进的精神密切联系。be connected with意为“与……有联系；与……有关”。故填connected。
【50题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：竹子文化总是在鼓励人们面对艰难处境时继续前行中起着积极作用。分析句子结构可知此处为现在分词做时间状语，people与face构成主谓关系，且此处face为及物动词，因此应用现在分词形式做时间状语。故填facing。
第二节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。短文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Linda,
I have read your letter, in which you mention that you wanted to lose weight by dieting. It’s naturally for young girls of your ages to wish to look beautiful. Therefore, in my opinion, health is more important than beauty. For a student, studying is the first thing to consider while appearance is the second. So don’t let others’ opinions to affect your normal life. However, if you do want to lose weight, it’s good idea to do it by getting more exercise and change unhealthy eating habits. The most important thing is that you keep a healthy state of mind, as they will help with your studies, and will also help you overcome difficult in dieting.
I hope my advice will be helpful with you.
Yours,
Tom
【答案】1.mention→mentioned
2.naturally →natural
3.ages→age
4.Therefore→However
5.去掉to
6.good前面加a
7.change→changing
8.they→it
9.difficult→difficulties
10.with→for/to
【解析】
【详解】本文是记叙文。作者针对自己的朋友Linda要减肥这一问题，给出了自己的建议。
1.考查时态。句意：我读了你信，信中提到你想通过节食减肥。表示发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以mention改成mentioned。
2.考查形容词。句意：像你这样年纪的姑娘希望自己看起来漂亮是很自然的。be动词后用形容词作表语，所以naturally 改成natural。
3.考查固定用法。句意：像你这样年纪的姑娘希望自己看起来漂亮是很自然的。of one’s age在某人多大岁数时，是固定用法，所以ages改成age。
4.考查副词。句意：然而在我看来，健康比美丽更重要。表示“然而”，所以Therefore改成However。
5.考查固定句型。句意：所以不要让别人的观点影响你的正常生活。let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事，是固定句型，所以去掉to。
6.考查冠词。句意：然而，如果你真的想减肥，多做运动，改变不健康的饮食习惯这是一个好主意。泛指“一个好主意”，且good首字母发音是辅音，所以good前面加a。
7.考查固定用法。句意：然而，如果你真的想减肥，多做运动，改变不健康的饮食习惯这是一个好主意。and连接并列结构，介词by之后用v+ing，所以change改成changing。
8.考查代词。句意：最重要的是，你保持一个健康的心态，因为他将帮助你的学习，也将帮助你克服节食的困难。指代前面的a healthy state of mind，所以they改成it。
9.考查名词。句意：最重要的是，你保持一个健康的心态，因为他将帮助你的学习，也将帮助你克服节食的困难。作overcome 的宾语，用名词，“节食中的困难”是复数意义，所以difficult改成difficulties。
10.考查固定用法。句意：我希望我的建议对你有帮助。be helpful for /to sb.对某人有帮助，是固定用法，所以with改成for/to。
第三节 书面表达（满分25分）
52. 你校近期将举行“小视频”大赛（video contest），请写一封信给美国的朋友Jim，邀请他参加并告知他相关信息。
1.作品反映校园生活，家庭生活或者家乡变化；
2.视频不超过8分钟；
3.参赛方式和截止时间
注意：1.词数:100词左右；
2.书信格式已给出（不计入总词数）；
3. 可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours Sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Jim,
I am writing with good news. A video contest is going to be organized in my school soon, and knowing that you are such an expert in filming videos, I am wondering whether you would like to participate.
Topics like school life, family life or the great changes that have taken place in your hometown can be covered in the video, which should not be longer than 8 minutes. The deadline is December 10th. 2018, and once you have created your video, you can just upload it to the school website.
It is a good chance to prove your talent for filming as well as an opportunity to share your work with more people. I believe you won’t regret doing it. Wish you good luck!
Yours Sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封信给美国的朋友Jim，邀请他参加你校近期将举行“小视频”大赛并告知他相关信息。其内容包括：作品反映校园生活，家庭生活或者家乡变化、视频不超过8分钟以及参赛方式和截止时间。
【详解】1.词汇积累
发生：take place →happen
参加：participate→take part
机会：chance→opportunity
相信： believe→hold the belief that
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：It is a good chance to prove your talent for filming as well as an opportunity to share your work with more people.
拓展句：There is no doubt that it is a good chance to prove your talent for filming as well as an opportunity to share your work with more people.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 A video contest is going to be organized in my school soon, and knowing that you are such an expert in filming videos, I am wondering whether you would like to participate. （运用了现在分词作状语和whether引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】 Topics like school life, family life or the great changes that have taken place in your hometown can be covered in the video, which should not be longer than 8 minutes. （运用了that引导的定语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句）
