(共36张PPT)
译林版·九年级下册
Unit 1 Asia
Grammar
What will you think of when you see the word “it
Brainstorming
Presentation
Use it for animals and lifeless things
Play a guessing game
It is a tourist attraction. It lies in the northern part of China.
It is a wall which was built to defend the enemy. What is it
Play a guessing game
It is a kind of animal. It is very lovely. It wears big black glasses on its face. What is it
It is a type of transportation. It was invented by an Englishman. It has two wheels and is widely used in China. What is it
Play a guessing game
It is a common thing. It looks like a mushroom.
It is used on rainy days. What is it
Play a guessing game
We use it for animals and lifeless things.
Presentation
Use it for a young child
Look at the cute baby.
It is a girl, right
we use it for a young child when we don’t know whether it is a girl or a boy.
Use it for an unknown a person
Presentation
Who it is？
It is Hillary Clinton.
Here, “it” is used for an unknown person.
—Who was calling you on the phone just now
— ____ was my cousin.
It
Use it for an action, a situation or an idea
Presentation
We have learned something about Guilin in Reading.
Do you remember what activity is popular in Guilin
Riding around the countryside is popular now, isn’t it
Tourists like to take a boat trip along the Lijiang River. It is great fun.
Here, we use it for an action, a situation or an idea mentioned in a previous statement.
Practice
The exchange students visited the Summer Palace yesterday. Kevin is writing about it. Read the passage below and find out what each it refers to. Write your answers in the blanks.
A visit to the Summer Palace
Yesterday we visited the Summer Palace and spent about three hours in it. The palace is a Chinese garden and mainly includes a hill and a lake. The lake is very big— it takes up three quarters of the area. It was frozen, so we could not row a boat there. It was really a pity.
1.______________
2. ________
3. ________
4. _____________
______
the Summer Palace
the lake
the lake
we could not row a boat
Across the lake is a 17-hole bridge. There are many stone lions on either side of it. The lions are all different from each other. Isn’t it amazing While I was walking along the bridge, my mobile phone rang. It was my mum. I told her that the Summer Palace was well worth visiting.
5. __________
6. ___________
7._______________
the bridge
The lions are different
from each other.
an unknown person
B Using it as an impersonal pronoun
This is a beautiful city—Shanghai. First let’s listen to a short introduction from May, and then try to answer some questions.
Free talk
1. What was the date that day
2. What’s the weather like in spring in Shanghai
3. What’s the distance from Beijing to Shanghai
4. What time was it then
It was March 12th.
It is warm and sunny, sometimes a little windy.
It is about 1,500 kilometres from Beijing to Shanghai.
It was 8 o’clock.
Here, we use it for the time, the date, the whether, the distance, etc.
C Using it to replace the real subject or object
Shanghai is a wonderful place. Let’s enjoy some pictures of Shanghai.
Presentation
My trip to Shanghai
It was May 18. I left for Shanghai to have a two-day holiday.
It was fine that day. The sky was blue and everything looked so beautiful.
It took about two hours to go to Shanghai by coach.
It was surprising that there were so many people in Shanghai in the subway station.
Presentation
My trip to Shanghai
It was easy to get lost in such a big city.
It was helpful of the policeman to show me the way to the hotel.
I thought it comfortable to live in such a hotel.
It’s said that the Bund looks especially charming at night. I went there to enjoy the view with my friends.
It was so beautiful that I couldn’t stop taking photos.
It was such a wonderful city that I wanted to visit it again.
It was surprising that there were so many people in Shanghai in the subway station.
It was easy to get lost in such a big city.
I thought it comfortable to live in such a hotel.
Group work
We use it to replace the real subject or object in a sentence.
What does “it” refer to in the following sentences
it 作形式主语时，替代不定式短语、动名词短语及从句，把这类较长的主语移至句尾，使句子显得匀称。例如：
It is a great pleasure to be working with you.
It is necessary for you to obey the order.
It was fortunate that there was a doctor at the spot.
It doesn’t matter what he thinks.
Conclude
it 作形式宾语，替代不定式短语、动名词短语及从句，后接宾语补足语，把这类较长的宾语移至宾语补足语之后，使句子显得匀称。例如：
We consider it foolish of him to meet her.
Jane found it dull working at the kitchen sink all day.
George made it clear that he disagreed.
I take it for granted that you all know this.
1. It is+ adj+for sb +to do sth/that-clause.
( 通常是描述事物的形容词 easy / hard / important...)
It is relaxing for me to walk in Huangshanhu park.
2. It is+ adj+of sb +to do sth/that-clause.
( 通常是描述人品质的形容词polite / kind / clever...)
It is friendly of local people to answer all your questions in Jiangyin.
3. It is+ p.p(过去分词）+ to do sth/that-clause.
( said /reported/ believed... 据...)
It is said that the environment is becoming better and better.
4. It is+ n.+ to do sth/that-clause.
(an honour/a pity/ a fact...)
It is a good idea to travel to Jiangyin.
it 作形式主语，常用于下列句型中：
注意：
it 作形式宾语，常见于句型:
主语+ think(s) / find(s)+ it + easy / difficult / hard / … + to do sth.”
I think it exciting to climb the high building in Huaxi Village .
我觉得爬上华西村的高楼很刺激。
I find it interesting to learn something new.
我发现学习新东西很有趣。
1. __ is very tiring _______ the steps.
2. __ is popular ______ a bicycle and
___________ the countryside.
3. __ is no use _______ over spilt milk.
4. __ was fortunate _____ there was a doctor at the spot.
5. ___ doesn’t matter ______ he thinks.
6. She thinks ___ easy _______ meals.
It
to hire
It
crying
It
that
It
to climb
It
what
it
to cook
ride around
Practise
Fill in the blanks
The exchange students left for Shanghai. Kevin has made some notes in his diary. Rewrite his sentences with it.
Leaving for Shanghai
1. Today is 22 February. We left Beijing for Shanghai early in the morning.
____________________. We left Beijing for Shanghai early in the morning.
2. Shanghai is about 1, 300 kilometres from Beijing.
________________________ from Beijing to Shang hai.
It is 22 February today
It is about 1, 300 kilometres
3. I woke up at 5 a.m. this morning.
__________ when I woke up this morning.
4. I felt a little cold when we went out. The temperature was only 2℃.
I felt a little cold when we went out. _____________.
5. Winter is very cold and dry in Beijing.
In winter, ___________________________.
It was 5 a.m.
It was only 2℃
it is very cold and dry in Beijing
6. We arrived in Shanghai on a sunny day.
________________ when we arrived in
Shanghai.
7. We got to our hotel at noon.
__________ when we got to our hotel.
8. Our hotel is not far from the Bund.
__________ from the Bund to our hotel.
It was noon
It is not far
It was a sunny day
Miss Thompson, a British teacher travelling with the exchange students, is writing down what she thinks about Shanghai. Help her complete her notes with it.
About Shanghai
Traffic: The traffic is often busy, but public transport here is quite good, so ________ (easy) for people to get around.
Weather: __________ (sunny) and warm. We like ____ here.
Environment: ________ (said) that the air is not clean here, but I do not think the pollution is as serious as I imagined.
it is easy
It is sunny
it
It is said
Signs: Shanghai is beautiful. ________ (fun) to ride around the city and visit the interesting places.
Food: Chinese food is delicious. I will ask my family to go to a Chinese restaurant and try ____ when I get back.
It’s fun
it
Hotel: We all think ______________ (comfortable) to stay in this hotel. They provide a high level of service.
People: The local people are friendly. ________ (kind) of them to answer all our questions.
it’s comfortable
It’s kind
n. 水平
n. 服务，工作
Let’s play a relay game. Here are the rules:
You are divided into four groups. Each of you makes a sentence with it. The first student in Group 1 reads his/her sentence loudly, and then asks the first one in Group 2 to tell what it refers to in the sentence. Then it’s Group 2’s turn … If you can’t tell the use of it correctly, your group will lose the game.
Game time
The word it is simple but very useful. Just now, I told you about my trip to Shanghai. Would you like to share one of your trips with us Try to use it as much as possible.
Production
Homework
1. Review the grammar we’ve learned today.
2. Finish the related exercises.
3. Preview Integrated skills-Study skills .
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教学设计
课题 Grammar 单元 Unit 1 课型 新授课
使用教材 译林版九年级英语课本 出版时间 2023年1月 学科 英语 年级 九年级
教材分析 本部分介绍it的用法，
学习目标 1. use “it” as a personal pronoun; 2. use “it” as an impersonal pronoun; 2. use “it” to replace the real subject or object.
重点 正确熟练的掌握代词it的用法。
难点 掌握固定句型：It is+adj+(of/for)+to... It takes ...some time to ... ...think(s)/find(s)it easy/difficulty/...to...
教学环节 教师学生活动
导入（5分钟） Brainstorming T: What will you think of when you see the word “it” 【设计意图：通过头脑风暴活动，激发学生的兴趣，引出本课主题。】
课中活动（15分钟） Presentation1. Use it for animals and lifeless thingsT: Now, let’s play a guessing game. It is a tourist attraction. It lies in the northern part of China. It is a wall which was built to defend the enemy. What is it S: It is the Great Wall.T: It is a kind of animal. It is very lovely. It wears big black glasses on its face. What is it S: It is a panda.T: It is a type of transportation. It was invented by an Englishman. It has two wheels and is widely used in China. What is it S: It is a bike.T: It is a common thing. It looks like a mushroom. It is used on rainy days. What is it S: It is an umbrella.T: So, What does “it” refer to S: We use it for animals and lifeless things.【设计意图：利用学生喜欢的猜谜游戏，激发他们的学习兴趣，在不知不觉中过渡至语法学习，将it指代动物或者无生命的事物的用法自然呈现。】2. Use it for a young child T: My aunt will have a baby soon. She hopes it will be a boy. What does “it” refer to S: The baby.T: Look at the cute baby. It is a girl, right S: We are not sure.T: So, we use it for a young child when we don’t know whether it is a girl or a boy.3. Use it for an unknown a personT: The next American Presidential Election will take place in 2016. One of the candidates has caught the attention of the public. Let’s see some information about the candidate .Guess who it is. Personal information: 67 years old graduated from Yale University the second time to take part in the Presidential Election once lived in the White House for several yearsS: It is Hillary Clinton. T: Here, “it” is used for an unknown person. Now, look at the picture, and fill in the blanks.[ —Who was calling you on the phone just now —It was my cousin. 【设计意图：借助2016美国大选热门人物希拉里的个人信息，让学生在猜测游戏中学习it指代未知人物的用法，在语境、交流中呈现语法，降低学生的学习难度。】4. Use it for an action, a situation or an ideaT: We have learned something about Guilin in Reading. Do you remember what activity is popular in Guilin S: Riding around the countryside. S: Taking a boat trip along the Lijiang River.S: … T: Riding around the countryside is popular now, isn’t it Tourists like to take a boat trip along the Lijiang River. It is great fun. Here, we use it for an action, a situation or an idea mentioned in a previous statement Step 3 PracticeFinish the exercise on page 12, and check the answers. B Using it as an impersonal pronounStep 1 Lead-inFree talkT: I’ll show you around another beautiful city—Shanghai. First let’s listen to a short introduction from May, and then try to answer some questions. Hello, everyone. I am May from Beijing. I’ve been in Shanghai for three years. Shanghai is about 1,500 kilometres from my home town, Beijing. Now, spring is coming. The weather here is warm and sunny, sometimes a little windy. It’s a good season to visit Shanghai. Today is March 12th, Tree-planting Day. We’ll go to plant trees. Oh, it’s 8 O’clock. I must meet my friends. Welcome to Shanghai! Goodbye!Q: 1. What was the date that day It was March 12th. 2. What’s the weather like in spring in Shanghai It is warm and sunny, sometimes a little windy. 3. What’s the distance from Beijing to Shanghai It is about 1,500 kilometres from Beijing to Shanghai. 4. What time was it then It was 8 o’clock.T: Right. Here, we use it for the time, the date, the whether, the distance, etc.【设计意图：本环节设置听取信息活动，将it做非人称代词的用法一一呈现，将语法教学与听相结合，努力做到语法呈现自然、无痕，将枯燥无味的语法学习隐藏于交流活动中。】C Using it to replace the real subject or objectStep 1 Lead-in[T: Shanghai is a wonderful place. Let’s enjoy some pictures of Shanghai.T: What do you think of the city S: … Step 2 Presentation1. T: Last year, I went to Shanghai for a holiday. Now, I’d like to tell you about my trip.2. My trip to Shanghai(Show some pictures, and make sentences.) It was May 18. I left for Shanghai to have a two-day holiday.It was fine that day. The sky was blue and everything looked so beautiful. It took about two hours to go to Shanghai by coach. It was surprising that there were so many people in Shanghai in the subway station.[] It was easy to get lost in such a big city. It was helpful of the policeman to show me the way to the hotel.I thought it comfortable to live in such a hotel. It’s said that the Bund looks especially charming at night. I went there to enjoy the view with my friends. It was so beautiful that I couldn’t stop taking photos. It was such a wonderful city that I wanted to visit it again.3. Group workWhat does “it” refer to in the following sentences It was surprising that there were so many people in Shanghai in the subway station. It was easy to get lost in such a big city.I thought it comfortable to live in such a hotel.T: We use it to replace the real subject or object in a sentence.Conclude it 作形式主语时，替代不定式短语、动名词短语及从句，把这类较长的主语移至句尾，使句子显得匀称。例如： It is a great pleasure to be working with you.It is necessary for you to obey the order.It was fortunate that there was a doctor at the spot.It doesn’t matter what he thinks.it 作形式宾语，替代不定式短语、动名词短语及从句，后接宾语补足语，把这类较长的宾语移至宾语补足语之后，使句子显得匀称。例如： We consider it foolish of him to meet her.Jane found it dull working at the kitchen sink all day.George made it clear that he disagreed.I take it for granted that you all know this. it 作形式主语，常用于下列句型中：1. It is+ adj+for sb +to do sth/that-clause. ( 通常是描述事物的形容词 easy / hard / important...)It is relaxing for me to walk in Huangshanhu park.2. It is+ adj+of sb +to do sth/that-clause. ( 通常是描述人品质的形容词polite / kind / clever...)It is friendly of local people to answer all your questions in Jiangyin.3. It is+ p.p(过去分词）+ to do sth/that-clause. ( said /reported/ believed... 据...)It is said that the environment is becoming better and better.4. It is+ n.+ to do sth/that-clause. (an honour/a pity/ a fact...)It is a good idea to travel to Jiangyin.注意：it 作形式宾语，常见于句型:主语+ think(s) / find(s)+ it + easy / difficult / hard / … + to do sth.”I think it exciting to climb the high building in Huaxi Village . 我觉得爬上华西村的高楼很刺激。I find it interesting to learn something new.我发现学习新东西很有趣。【设计意图：通过讲述一段旅行经历，将it的各种用法贯穿其中，给出相关图片让学生先进行描述，再进行点拨，进而让it闪亮登场，尤其突出其做形式主语和形式宾语的用法。让学生通过小组讨论，理清形式主语和形式宾语的真正含义，进一步提高自主学习能力。】Step 3 Practice1.Fill in the blanks1. __ is very tiring _______ the steps.2. __ is popular ______ a bicycle and ___________ the countryside.3. __ is no use _______ over spilt milk.4. __ was fortunate _____ there was a doctor at the spot.5. ___ doesn’t matter ______ he thinks.6. She thinks ___ easy _______ meals.2. Finish exercises on pages 13 and 143. Game time T: Now, let’s play a relay game. Here are the rules: You are divided into four groups. Each of you makes a sentence with it. The first student in Group 1 reads his/her sentence loudly, and then asks the first one in Group 2 to tell what it refers to in the sentence. Then it’s Group 2’s turn … If you can’t tell the use of it correctly, your group will lose the game.【设计意图：让语言学习生活化、游戏化一直是实现高效英语课堂的途径。本环节设置接力游戏，让每一个学生都有参与、表现及发现自身问题的机会。游戏紧扣it，学生自行造句，分析用法，真正成为课堂的主体。】
课后活动（15分钟） Step 4 ProductionT: The word it is simple but very useful. Just now, I told you about my trip to Shanghai. Would you like to share one of your trips with us Try to use it as much as possible. 【设计意图：语言学习的最终目的为语用。本板块设计以分享旅行经历为任务，紧扣本单元话题，又将语法项目融入其中，让学生真正做到学以致用。】
板书设计 Unit 1 Asia Grammar1.it做人称代词，代指动物或无生命的事物、不清楚性别的小孩、不明身份的人、前面提到过的事物。2.指代时间、日期、天气、温度、距离等。3.做形式主语或形式宾语。4.要记住的句型：It is+adj.+(of/for..)+to...It takes...some time to...It is said/reported/...that...think(s)/find(s) it easy/difficult/...to...
作业 1. Review the grammar we’ve learned today.2. Finish the related exercises. 3. Preview Integrated skills.
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课程基本信息
学科 英语 年级 九年级年级下册
课题 Grammar 单元 Unit 1
使用教材 牛津译林版 出版日期 2013审定
学生信息
姓名 学校 班级 学号
学习目标
1. use “it” as a personal pronoun; 2. use “it” as an impersonal pronoun; 2. use “it” to replace the real subject or object.
课后练习
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空1.He is used to speaking English with those ___________(tour) now.2.I told him the Summer Palace was well worth _________(visit).3.As we all know, the Great Wall is one of the greatest ___________(wonder) of the world.4.We are told not __________(take) much money with us.5.So far, our country _______________(change) a lot.二、选择适当的词并用其适当形式填空。be open to, consist of, instead of, be famous for, used to, be famous as, 1. The organization_____________________ 25 members. They often catch thieves in the shops.2. He_____________________ a football star in the world.3. Daniel’s mother_____________________ be a guide.4. This city_____________________ its delicious food and beautiful scenery.5. A robot is a machine that can do lots of things __________ men.三、翻译句子。1.许多人发现到处旅行让人愉快。 Many people ___________________________ travel around.2.骑自行车绕这座城市游玩是有趣的。 ____________________________________ the city.3.在北京，冬天既寒冷又多风。 In Beijing,______________________ in winter.4.这个湖占据了这个地方的四分之三。 The lake ___________________________________ of this place5.他过去常常与父母住在一起，但现在他习惯一个人住。 He _____________________his parents, but now he __________________ alone.四、完形填空（共10分，每小题1分）A little boy wanted to meet God, so he started his trip with some cakes and orange juice. On his way he saw an old woman 1 in the park. The boy sat down next to her. The old lady looked 2 , so he offered her a cake. She 3 it thankfully and smiled at him. Her smile was 4 pretty that the boy wanted to see it again, so he gave her a bottle of orange juice. Once again she smiled at him. The boy was very happy! They sat there all the afternoon eating and smiling, but they didn’t say a word. As it grew dark, the boy got up to leave. 5 he left, he gave her a kiss. She gave him her 6 smile ever.When the boy 7 home, his mother saw the look of joy 8 his face. She asked him, “ 9 made you so happy ” He replied, “I had lunch with God. She’s got the most beautiful smile I’ve ever seen!” The old woman also returned home 10 . Her son asked, “Mother, why are you so happy ” She answered, “I ate cakes in the park with God.He’s much younger than I expected.”( ) 1. A. sits B. sitting C. to sit D. sat( ) 2. A. hungry B. angry C. thirsty D. tired( ) 3. A. received B. gave C. accepted D. refused( ) 4. A. very B. too C. so D. quite( ) 5. A. Before B. After C. Since D. Until( ) 6. A. big B. bigger C. the biggest D. biggest( ) 7. A. got to B. got C. reaches D. arrived in( ) 8. A. in B. with C. at D. on( ) 9. A. Which B. Where C. What D. Why( ) 10. A. happily B. happy C. happiness D. happier五、阅读理解Gao Wenqi, 49, owner of a restaurant in Xi’an, Shanxi, started to offer a new service on April 13, 2013: suspended meals (待用快餐). Now many restaurants in China, such as in Henan, Chongqing and Yunnan, have joined the programme.You can pay 10 yuan for a meal, which should be sold at 16, and leave it at the restaurant. Then other people in need, such as the disabled, the poor elderly or homeless children, can have it without paying.This idea comes from the cafes (咖啡馆) in Naples, Italy. It’s a tradition that someone therepays in advance for an extra (额外的) cup or two. Then another coffee-drinker can take them for free.“The programme is meaningful. It offers help with dignity (尊严),” said Gao. However,people are worried that someone who is able to pay would also ask for the suspended meals, so there should be rules for this programme.( ) 1. According to the passage, this programme may possibly take place .A. in a restaurant B. at a bus station C. in a school D. on a train ( ) 2. The suspended meals are offered to _______ . A. students B. children C. people in need D. the rich( ) 3. The underlined phrase “in advance” in the third paragraph means “_______” in Chinese.A. 滞后 B. 预先 C. 优先 D. 胜过( ) 4. It’s said that the idea of “suspended meals” comes from _______. A. Italy B. the US C. Canada D. China ( ) 5. Which of the following is NOT true A.Someone who is unable to pay can ask for the suspended meals.B.The programme is meaningful and it offers help with dignity.C.Gao Wenqi’s restaurant joined the programme on April 13, 2013.D.All customers must pay for an extra meal at the restaurant.
参考答案：一、1.tourists 2.visiting 3.wonders 4.to take 5.has changed二、1.find it pleasant to 2.It is fun to ride around 3.it is cold and windy take up three quarters 5.used to live with, is used to living三、1. consists of 2. is famous as 3.used to 4. is famous for instead of 四、1–5 BACCA 6–10DBDCA五、ACBAD
基础过关
能力提升
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学习任务单
课程基本信息
学科 英语 年级 九年级上册
课题 Grammar 单元 Unit 1
使用教材 牛津译林版 出版日期 2013审定
学生信息
姓名 学校 班级 学号
学习目标
1. use “it” as a personal pronoun; 2. use “it” as an impersonal pronoun; 2. use “it” to replace the real subject or object.
课前学习任务
New words and phrases: quarter, either, level, service, take upNew structures: It is very tiring to climb the steps.Many people find it pleasant to travel around.It is said that the air is not clean here, but I do not think the pollution is as serious as I imagined.
课上学习任务
【学习任务一】翻译下列短语1.take up three quarters of the area___________________2.be frozen_________________3.row a boat____________________4.It was really a pity.______________________5.on either side of ______________________6.be different from each other____________________________7.be well worth visiting________________________8.leave Beijing for Shanghai___________________________9.feel a little cold______________________10.be not far from______________________11.get around________________________12.provide a high level of service___________________________13.as serious as I imagine________________________【学习任务二】练一练。 A B C A C1. I’m looking for a bank, but I can’t find _____________. A. it B. one C. this D. that2. Do you have toys I’d like to buy __________ for my cousin. A. it B. one C. this D. that3. When did he _________football A. tidy up B. set up C. take up D. put up 4. ___________ of our classmates are good at basketball. A. Three quarters B. Three fourth C. Third four D. Thirds fourth5. You can take _________ of the two toy cars and leave the other for your brother. A. both B. none C. either D. neither【学习任务三】根据句意及中文提示完成下列句子。1. quarter 2. hire 3. level 4. either 5. service 1. Only a __________(四分之一) of the Earth is land.2. They don’t want to __________(雇用) inexperienced workers.3. The water ___________(水平) of the lake has reached the top.4. I don’t think __________(两者之一) of them is at home.5. The volunteers for community__________(服务) are doing a good job.【学习任务四】根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。1.take up 2.either of 3.a high level 4. it possible 5.three quarters1.我不会占用你太多时间。I won't ___________ ___________ too much of your time.2..你可以走路的一边，但是最终到家很重要。You may take ___________ ___________ the road, but being home in the end matters.3.研究表明海豚有很高水平的智商。Studies show that dolphins have ___________ ___________ ___________ of intelligence.4.王老师使我们能在他的课堂上通过有趣的方式轻松地学习物理。Mr. Wang makes___________ ___________ for us to learn physics easily in an interesting way in his class.5.我等了三刻钟然后一个人回家了。I waited ___________ ___________ of an hour and went home alone.【学习任务五】按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。(含缩略形式) 1.to make 2.It isn't far 3.It was tiring for 4.isn't it 5._thought it difficult1.Making a good plan is half the work itself.（改为同义句)It's half the work itself ___________ ___________ a good plan.2.My home is not far from my school.(改为同义句)___________ ___________ ___________ from my home to my school.3.Li Jun climbed the hill and felt tired.(改为同义句)___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ Li Jun to climb the hill.4.It is a little cold today.(完成反意疑问句)It is a little cold today, ___________ ___________ 5. We all thought it was difficult to solve the problem.(改为简单句)We all ___________ ___________ __________ to solve the problem.【学习任务六】阅读理解ABDCA new study finds that plants communicate with one another to warn of danger. We often consider plants as the furniture of the natural world. They don’t move; they don’t make sounds, they don’t seem to act on anything. But as is often the case, plants talk to each other all the time. And the language is chemical.Over the years, scientists have reported that different types of plants, from trees to tomatoes, give out chemicals into the air to help neighboring plants. These chemical warnings can spread information about one plant’s disease or infestation(虫害), so other plants can protect themselves. But how plants receive and act on many of the information exactly is still mysterious.In this week’s Science Magazine, researchers in Japan offered some explanations. They have found out one chemical message and traced it all the way from beginning to end.The scientists looked at tomato plants infested by a common pest(害虫). To start out, they grew plants in two separate plastic spaces connected by a tube(管子). One plant was infested and placed upwind and the other was uninfested and placed downwind. The downwind plants were later exposed(暴露) to the pest. The results showed that plants near sick neighbors before were able to protect themselves better against the pest.They found one chemical appeared more often in the exposed plants. The chemical is called Hex Vic. The scientists discovered where Hex Vic come from, and put it over healthy plants. Those plants were then able to produce Hex Vic. Researchers made sure that uninfested plants could fight off bugs and diseases. How do they know when to protect themselves They are warned first by their friendly plant neighbors.It is not a simple story, and it may be happening in more plant species than tomatoes. It may also be happening with more chemical signals that are still unknown to us. In a word, we know that plants not only communicate, but also look out for one another. ( ) 1. The underlined “traced” in the fourth paragraph probably means _________ here. A. followed B. doubted C. reported D. developed( ) 2. For scientists, which are the right steps to watch tomato plants infested by a pest ①Place the infested plant upwind. ②Place the uninfested plant downwind. ③Expose the downwind plants to the pest. ④Grow plants in two separate plastic spaces connected by a tube. A. ③①②④ B. ④①②③ C. ①④③② D. ④②①③( ) 3. You can put the sentence “The researches also studied leaves from exposed plants and unexposed plants.” At the beginning of A.Paragraph 3 B. Paragraph 4 C. Paragraph 5 D. Paragraph 6( ) 4. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage A. Communicating Plants and Terrible Diseases B. Protecting Plants and Clear Information C. Talking Plants and Friendly Warnings D. Growing Plants and Mysterious Chemicals
答案：一、1.占据了四分之三的面积 2.被冻结 3.划船 4.真的很遗憾 5.在的两侧6.彼此不同 7.非常值得一游 8.离开北京去上海 9.感觉有点冷 10.离不远11.四处走动 12.提供高水平的服务 13.和我想象的一样严重练一练。 A B C A C根据句意及中文提示完成下列句子。1. quarter 2. hire 3. level 4. either 5. service根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。1.take up 2.either of 3.a high level 4. it possible 5.three quarters按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。(含缩略形式) 1.to make 2.It isn't far 3.It was tiring for 4.isn't it 5._thought it difficultABDC
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