第11讲 八年级下 Units 1~2
【教材梳理】
Unit 1 What's the matter
核心词汇 1. n.颈;脖子 2. n.脚;足(pl. ) 3. n.咽喉;喉咙 4. v. & n.放松;休息 5. n. & v.咳嗽 6. adv. & prep.离开(某处);不工作;从……去掉 7. n.膝;膝盖 8. n.护士 9. n.情况;状况 10. (=kilogram)n.千克;公斤 11. n.岩石 12. n.血 13. n.刀(pl. ) 14. v.意思是;打算;意欲 15. n.勇气;意志 16. n.死;死亡 17. n. & v.危险;风险;冒险
词汇拓展 1.matter n.问题;事情 * 无论;不论 2.stomach n.胃;腹部 → n.胃痛;腹痛 * 胃痛 3.lie v.躺;平躺 → / (过去式/过去分词) → (现在分词) * 躺下 * 位于 4.hurt v.(使)疼痛;受伤 → / (过去式/过去分词) 5.hit v. (用手或器具)击;打 → / (过去式/过去分词) → (现在分词) 6.sick/ill adj.生病的;有病的 → n.病;疾病 7.breathe v.呼吸 → n.呼吸 8.climber n.登山者;攀登者 → v.爬;登 9.importance n.重要性;重要 → adj.重要的 10.decision n.决定;抉择 * 决定做某事 → v.决定 * 决定做某事 11.control n. & v.限制;约束;管理 → / (过去式/过去分词) → (现在分词) 12.trouble n.问题;苦恼v.使烦恼 * 陷入困境 * 麻烦某人 * 处于困境
重点短语 1. 心脏问题 2. 感冒 3. 休息 4. 量体温 5. 发烧 6. 陷入;参与 7. 下车 8. 用尽;耗尽 9. 切除 10. 离开;从……出来 11. 放弃 12. 冒险 13. 使……惊讶的是;出乎……的意料 14. 掌管;管理 15. 立即;马上
【参考答案】
核心词汇
1.neck 2.foot feet 3.throat 4.rest 5.cough off 7.knee 8.nurse 9.situation 10.kilo 11.rock 12.blood
13.knife knives 14.mean 15.spirit 16.death 17.risk
词汇拓展
1.no matter 2.stomachache have a stomachache 3.lay
lain lying lie down lie in 4.hurt hurt 5.hit hit hitting 6.sickness/illness 7.breath 8.climb 9.important
10.make a decision to do sth. decide decide to do sth. 11.controlled controlled controlling 12.get into trouble trouble sb. in trouble
重点短语
1.a heart problem 2.have a cold 3.take breaks/a break
4.take one's temperature 5.have a fever 6.get into 7.get off 8.run out (of) 9.cut off 10.get out of 11.give up 12.take risks/a risk 13.to one's surprise 14.be in control of 15.right away
Unit 2 I'll help to clean up the city parks.
核心词汇 1. n.标志;信号 2. adj.孤独的;寂寞的 3. n.通知;通告;注意 v.注意到;意识到 4. adj. & adv.独自;单独 5. pron.几个;数个;一些 6. adj.强烈的;强壮的 7. adj.瞎的;失明的 8. v.修理;安装 9. v.修理;修补 10. adj. 破损的;残缺的 11. n.(尤指长途)旅行;行程 12. n.车轮;轮子 13. n.信;函 14. adj.丧失能力的;有残疾的 15. adj.聋的 16. v.开;打开 17. n.门 18. adj.聪明的;聪颖的 19. n.困难;难题 20. n.感觉;感触
词汇拓展 1.cheer v.欢呼;喝彩 → adj.令人愉快的 2.satisfaction n.满足;满意 → adj.满意的;欣慰的 → v.满足 * 满足某人的需要 * 对……感到满意 3.joy n.高兴;愉快 → adj. 高兴的;令人愉快的 * 令某人高兴的是 4.owner n.物主;主人 → adj. & pron.自己的;本人的v.拥有 5.raise v.募集;征集 * 筹钱 6.imagine v.想象;设想 → n.想象力;想象 7.carry v.拿;提;扛 → / (过去式/过去分词) → (第三人称单数) * 继续 * 执行;实施 8.kindness n.仁慈;善良 → adj.善良的 9.understand v.理解;领会 → / (过去式/过去分词) 10.volunteer v.义务做;自愿做n.志愿者 * 志愿做某事 11.train v.训练;培训n.火车 → n.训练;培训 12.change v. & n.变化;改变 * 变成
重点短语 1. (使)变得更高兴;(使)振奋起来 2. 打扫(或清除)干净 3. 为某人加油 4. 想出;提出(主意、计划、回答等) 5. 建立;设立 6. 曾经……;过去…… 7. 照顾;非常喜欢 8. 分发 9. 推迟 10. 打电话给(某人);征召 11. 参加……选拔;试用 12. (外貌或行为)像 13. 修理 14. 赠送;捐赠 15. 影响;有作用
【参考答案】
核心词汇
1.sign 2.lonely 3.notice 4.alone 5.several 6.strong 7.blind 8.fix 9.repair 10.broken 11.journey 12.wheel 13.letter 14.disabled 15.deaf 16.open 17.door 18.clever 19.difficulty 20.feeling
词汇拓展
1.cheerful 2.satisfied satisfy satisfy one's need be satisfied with 3.joyful to one's joy 4.own 5.raise money 6.imagination 7.carried carried carries carry on carry out 8.kind 9.understood understood 10.volunteer to do sth. 11.training 12.change into
重点短语
1.cheer up 2.clean up 3.cheer for sb. 4.come up with
5.set up 6.used to 7.care for 8.give/hand out 9.put off 10.call up 11.try out 12.take after 13.fix up 14.give away 15.make a difference
【三核过考点】
【考点1】mean的用法(Unit 1, P6)
一看全国视野(探考向)
(2023·江苏连云港改编) It is (mean) to do a survey on how to go green in the community.
二理知识锦囊(累知识)
mean既可以用作动词,也可以用作形容词。主要用法如下:
用法拓展
(1)mean作形容词,意为“刻薄的;吝啬的”。
(2)mean的名词形式为meaning,意为“意义;意思”。“……是何意 ”可表达为:
What do you mean by... =What do/does ... mean =What's the meaning of...
(3)meaningless adj.无意义的;meaningful adj.有意义的。
三测多维评价(练用法)
用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1.I mean (travel) to the beautiful city Lijiang during the coming summer vacation.
2.—Be careful, my dear. A small mistake means (fail) the exam.
—OK. I will.
3.—I think success means (work) hard.
—I agree. So we should never give up easily.
4.If we mean (help) people in need, we should find out what they need most.
5.If you don't understand the (mean) of the teacher's words, you can just ask him to explain it once again.
6.Nancy has never been (mean) with money.
7.I don't like the film, because it is (mean).
【参考答案】一看:meaningful
三测:1.to travel 2.failing 3.working 4.to help 5.meaning 6.mean 7.meaningless
【考点2】get off的用法(Unit 1, P3)
一看全国视野(探考向)
get up;get off;get well
(2022·湖北恩施改编)It's good to help the people in need to the bus if necessary.
二理知识锦囊(累知识)
get off意为“下去;下来”;“下(公共汽车、火车、飞机等);下(马)”。其反义词组是get on,意为“骑上(马)、登上(公共汽车、火车等)”。例如:
As soon as I got on the bus, I saw my teacher sitting there.我一上汽车就看见我的老师正坐在那里。
Never get off while the car is moving.车在行驶时切勿下车。
温馨提示
get on和get off属于“动词+介词”短语;短语get over it为固定搭配,意为“共渡难关;克服困难”。
用法拓展
get into意为“进入;渗透进”; get out of 意为“从……出来”。
三测多维评价(练用法)
根据汉语提示完成句子
1.当我们到达公园门口时,我们下车了。
We the bus when we arrived at the gate of the park.
2.我们在哪儿上公共汽车
Where do we
3.你会感到心痛和绝望。但是我向你保证,你会好起来的。
You will feel pain and despair. But I promise you, you will .
4.这贼是怎样进入房子的
How did the thief the house
5.刚才我们从无轨电车里出来了。
We of the trolley bus just now.
【参考答案】一看:get off
三测:1.got off 2.get on the bus 3.get over it 4.get into 5.got out
【考点3】volunteer的用法(Unit 2, P9)
一看全国视野(探考向)
(2023·云南改编) Liu Mei often works as a (志愿者) to cheer up the sick people in the hospital.
二理知识锦囊(累知识)
volunteer意为“自动提供;自愿效劳;志愿者”。具体用法如下:
三测多维评价(练用法)
根据汉语提示完成句子
1.——你愿意主动让座吗
——当然。
—Would you like to to give up your seat
—Of course.
2.她现在在当地一所学校做义工,每周三天。
She helps in a local school as a three days a week now.
3.我曾经是奥运会的一名志愿者。
I was a for the Olympic Games.
【参考答案】一看:volunteer
三测:1.volunteer 2.volunteer 3.volunteer
【考点4】raise的用法(Unit 2, P12)
一看全国视野(探考向)
1.(2022·浙江台州改编) Last week we (raise) money to protect the animals in danger.
2.(2020·江苏南通改编)As soon as books (rise), the volunteers posted them to the students in Hope Primary School.
二理知识锦囊(累知识)
raise作动词时,主要用作及物动词。其常见用法如下:
易混辨析
rise/raise
二者都与“升起”有关,但具体用法如下:
单词 用法 示例
raise 作及物动词,意为“筹集;举起;饲养”等 raise money筹款 raise hands举手 raise pets养宠物
rise 作不及物动词,意为“(某物)升起;上升”,后面不跟宾语,指主语自身移向较高位置 The sun rises. 太阳升起。 The price rises. 价格上涨。
三测多维评价(练用法)
用rise或raise的正确形式填空
1.We (抬起) our heads to watch the sun (升起) over the bridge. Wow! How beautiful it was!
2.Farmers (饲养) many kinds of animals for their meat, their milk, their fur or their eggs.
3.It's dangerous to get close to the river on rainy days because water may (上升) suddenly.
4.There were one hundred people at the meeting, so Mr. Brown (提高) his voice to make himself heard clearly.
【参考答案】一看:1.raised 2.were raised
三测:1.raised rise 2.raise 3.rise 4.raised
【考点5】hurt的用法(Unit 1, P2)
一看全国视野(探考向)
(2021·云南改编)When I fell and (使受伤) myself, my mother encouraged me to stand up and gave me a hug.
二理知识锦囊(累知识)
hurt是动词,其过去式、过去分词均为hurt;用作及物动词时,意为“(使)疼痛、受伤”等。
用法拓展
①hurt也常用作不及物动词,意为“感到疼痛”等。例如:
My leg still hurts. 我的腿还在疼。
②短语get hurt意为“受伤”。例如:
But your legs got hurt a few days ago.但是你的腿几天前受伤了。
三测多维评价(练用法)
根据汉语提示完成句子
1.昨天她不小心把自己弄伤了,现在左脚还疼呢。
She carelessly yesterday, and now her left foot still .
2.她从楼梯上摔下来,摔伤了腿。
She fell down the stairs and .
3.在这次交通事故中,没有人受重伤。
No one was seriously in the traffic accident.
【参考答案】一看:hurt
三测:1.hurt herself hurts 2.hurt her leg 3.hurt
2