2024年中考英语人教版新目标一轮复习学案考点精讲（知识清单）：第13讲 八年级下 Units 5~6（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2024年中考英语人教版新目标一轮复习学案考点精讲（知识清单）：第13讲 八年级下 Units 5~6（含答案） |  | |
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第13讲 八年级下 Units 5~6
【教材梳理】
Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came
核心词汇 1. n.光;光线;光亮 2. v. & n.报道;公布 3. n.火柴 4. n.章节;段落 5. n.闹钟 6. v.开始 7. / n.暴风雨 8. n.窗;窗户 9. n.地域;地区 10. v.理解;领会;认识到 11. n.日期;日子 12. n.塔;塔楼 13. n.风 14. adj.倒下的;落下的 15. v.开玩笑;欺骗 16. n.实情;事实 17. n.学生
词汇拓展 1.heavily adv.在很大程度上;大量地 → adj.重的 2.suddenly adv.突然;忽然 → adj.突然的 * 突然;猛地 3.strange adj.奇特的;奇怪的 → n.陌生人 4.wood n.木;木头 → adj.木制的;木头的 5.beat v.敲打;打败 → / (过去式/过去分词) 6.against prep.倚;碰;撞;反对 → (反义词)prep.支持;赞成 7.asleep adj.睡着 → (反义词)adj.醒着的 * 进入梦乡;睡着 8.icy adj.覆盖着冰的;冰冷的 → n.冰 9.completely adv.彻底地;完全地 → v.完成 10.shocked adj.惊愕的;受震惊的 → v.使……震惊n.令人震惊的事 11.silence n.沉默;缄默;无声 → adj.不说话的;沉寂的 * 沉默;无声 * 保持安静 12.recently adv.不久前;最近 → adj.最近的 13.rise v. & n.升起;增加;提高 → / (过去式/过去分词)
重点短语 1. (闹钟)发出响声 2. 接电话 3. 看一看 4. 前往;费力地前进 5. 拆除;往下拽;记录 6. 起初;起先
【参考答案】
核心词汇
1.light 2.report 3.match 4.passage 5.alarm 6.begin
7.storm rainstorm 8.window 9.area 10.realize 11.date 12.tower 13.wind 14.fallen 15.kid 16.truth
17.pupil
词汇拓展
1.heavy 2.sudden all of a sudden 3.stranger 4.wooden
5.beat beaten 6.for 7.awake fall asleep 8.ice 9.complete 10.shock 11.silent in silence keep silent 12.recent 13.rose risen
重点短语
1.go off 2.pick up 3.have a look 4.make one's way 5.take down 6.at first
Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains.
核心词汇 1. v.射击;发射 2. n.石头 3. n.声音 4. v.提醒;使想起 5. n.物体;物品 6. v.适合;合身adj.合适的 7. v.欺骗;蒙骗n.骗子 8. adj.全部的;整体的 9. adv.光亮地;明亮地adj.明亮的;光线充足的 10. adj.愚蠢的;不明事理的 11. n.尾巴 12. v.使激动;使兴奋 13. n.(尤指)夫妻;两人;两件事物 14. v. & n.笑;微笑 15. v.结婚 16. n.金子;金币adj.金色的 17. n.丝绸;丝织物 18. adj.愚蠢的
词汇拓展 1.weak adj.虚弱的;无力的 → adv.虚弱地;无力地 2.hide v.隐藏;隐蔽 → / (过去式/过去分词) 3.magic adj.有魔力的;有神奇力量的 → n.魔术师 4.wife n.妻子;太太 → (pl.) 5.shine v.发光;照耀 → / (过去式/过去分词) 6.lead v.带路;领路 → / (过去式/过去分词) → n.领导;领袖 * 导致;通向 7.brave adj.勇敢的;无畏的 → adv.勇敢地 8.stick n.棍;条v.粘;贴;戳 * 坚持;遵守
重点短语 1. 主角;主要人物 2. 把……变成…… 3. 结婚 4. 不断尝试;继续努力 5. 代替;反而 6. 有点儿;稍微 7. 从前 8. 世界各地;全世界
【参考答案】
核心词汇
1.shoot 2.stone 3.voice 4.remind 5.object 6.fit 7.cheat 8.whole 9.bright 10.silly 11.tail 12.excite
13.couple 14.smile 15.marry 16.gold 17.silk 18.stupid
词汇拓展
1.weakly 2.hid hidden 3.magician 4.wives 5.shone shone 6.led led leader lead to 7.bravely 8.stick to
重点短语
1.main character 2.turn... into... 3.get married 4.keep trying 5.instead of 6.a little bit 7.once upon a time 8.all over the world
【三核过考点】
【考点1】pick up的用法(Unit 5, P34)
一看全国视野(探考向)
1.(2023·天津) 海伦拿起一本杂志,开始看起来。
Helen a magazine and began to read.
2.(2020·甘肃天水改编)——我们去机场接你姐姐好吗
——不用了。她将打车来这里。
—Shall we go to the airport to your sister
—No. She will come here by taxi.
二理知识锦囊(累知识)
pick up的用法如下:
三测多维评价(练用法)
根据汉语提示完成句子
1.当我看到地上的钱包时,我停下来把它捡了起来。
When I saw the wallet on the ground, I stopped to .
2.他拿起手边的词典开始查找这个生词。
He at hand and began to look up the new word in it.
3.火车沿途停了好几次,让乘客上车。
The train stopped several times to .
4.昨晚在浏览晚报时,我意外发现了一首好诗。
Looking through the evening paper last night, I .
【参考答案】一看:1.picked up 2.pick up
三测:1.pick it up 2.picked up the dictionary 3.pick up passengers 4.picked up a wonderful poem
【考点2】realize的用法(Unit 5, P37)
一看全国视野(探考向)
(2022·山东枣庄)登山者的精神向我表明我不应该放弃对实现自己梦想的努力。
The spirit of climbers shows me that I should never give up trying to my .
二理知识锦囊(累知识)
realize 主要有以下意思与用法:
(1)意为“认识到;了解”,相当于understand。
(2)意为“实现;完成”,相当于achieve。
易混辨析
realize/come true
这两个词语都与“实现”有关,但用法有别:
词条 用法
realize 为及物动词,其主语是人,表示某人实现理想、愿望等,即sb. realize sth.
come true 为不及物动词短语,其主语是物,通常表示理想、愿望等的实现,即e true.
三测多维评价(练用法)
根据汉语提示完成句子
1.最后她实现了当美术家的梦想。
Finally she her dream of becoming an artist.
2.我总是梦想到中国来,现在我的梦想已经实现了。
I always dreamt of coming to China, and now my dream .
3.最终我意识到了我的错误。
I at last.
4.我希望他的梦想能实现。
I hope .
【参考答案】一看:achieve/realize dream(s)
三测:1.realized/achieved 2.has come true 3.realized my mistake 4.his dream can come true
【考点3】marry的用法(Unit 6, P44)
一看全国视野(探考向)
(2022·安庆市二模改编)She (嫁)a rich man ten years ago and now she has a lovely daughter.
二理知识锦囊(累知识)
marry 意为“娶,嫁;结婚,和……结婚”。其用法如下:
用法拓展
be married已婚(表状态);get married结婚(表动作)
三测多维评价(练用法)
根据汉语提示完成句子
1.她已经结婚十年了。
She for ten years.
2.Alice两年前嫁给了一个德国人。
Alice a German two years ago.
3.去年她和他结婚了。
She him last year.
【参考答案】一看:married
三测:1.has been married 2.married 3.got/was married to
【考点4】instead的用法(Unit 6, P42)
一看全国视野(探考向)
1.(2023·新疆)To have a greener life, it is better to walk or ride bicycles i of driving.
2.(2023·江苏扬州改编) We need to tell people to just do one small thing well instead 100 things poorly.(盲填)
二理知识锦囊(累知识)
instead 单独使用时是副词,意为“代替;顶替;反而”,常位于句末。例如:
It will take days by car, so let's fly instead.
坐汽车得好几天时间,所以我们还是乘飞机吧。
用法拓展
instead of 的意思是“代替……;而不……”,作为介词短语,其后常跟名词、代词和动词-ing形式。
温馨提示
含有instead的句子也可以改成含有instead of的句子。例如:
She never studies.Instead, she plays tennis all day.
→Instead of studying, she plays tennis all day. 她成天打网球,而不是学习。
三测多维评价(练用法)
一、根据括号中的汉语提示完成句子
1.Wu Mei didn't go to the cinema yesterday. (相反), she watched her favorite TV program at home.
2.—How did Tom feel after you told him about the news
— (代替)being angry, he seemed quite pleased.
二、同义句转换
He didn't give John the money. He gave it to me instead.
→ John the money, he gave it to me.
【参考答案】一看:1.instead 2.of
三测:一、1.Instead 2.Instead of
二、Instead of giving
【考点5】against的用法(Unit 5, P35)
一看全国视野(探考向)
for against to
—She sold her treasures to cure her mother's illness, even though it was her own wishes.
—It's so kind of her.
二理知识锦囊(累知识)
介词against有两大基本用法:
(1)意为“反对;(行为)违背;不利于”。be against 的反义词为 be for。例如:
We are all against his idea.我们都反对他的想法。
(2)意为“靠着,倚;逆着”。例如:
He stood with his back against the door.他背靠门站着。
温馨提示
①切记:against 是介词,不是动词。例如:
这个计划你是赞成还是反对呢
正:Are you for or against the plan
误:Do you support or against the plan
②因为against是介词,所以后面接动词时要用动词的ing形式。例如:
我反对向银行借钱。
正:I'm against borrowing money from the bank.
误:I'm against to borrow money from the bank.
三测多维评价(练用法)
根据括号中的汉语提示完成句子
1.I am (反对)the plan because it's difficult to carry it out.
2.The old man stood there, with his back (倚着) the wall.
【参考答案】一看:against
三测:1.against 2.against
2
【教材梳理】
Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came
核心词汇 1. n.光;光线;光亮 2. v. & n.报道;公布 3. n.火柴 4. n.章节;段落 5. n.闹钟 6. v.开始 7. / n.暴风雨 8. n.窗;窗户 9. n.地域;地区 10. v.理解;领会;认识到 11. n.日期;日子 12. n.塔;塔楼 13. n.风 14. adj.倒下的;落下的 15. v.开玩笑;欺骗 16. n.实情;事实 17. n.学生
词汇拓展 1.heavily adv.在很大程度上;大量地 → adj.重的 2.suddenly adv.突然;忽然 → adj.突然的 * 突然;猛地 3.strange adj.奇特的;奇怪的 → n.陌生人 4.wood n.木;木头 → adj.木制的;木头的 5.beat v.敲打;打败 → / (过去式/过去分词) 6.against prep.倚;碰;撞;反对 → (反义词)prep.支持;赞成 7.asleep adj.睡着 → (反义词)adj.醒着的 * 进入梦乡;睡着 8.icy adj.覆盖着冰的;冰冷的 → n.冰 9.completely adv.彻底地;完全地 → v.完成 10.shocked adj.惊愕的;受震惊的 → v.使……震惊n.令人震惊的事 11.silence n.沉默;缄默;无声 → adj.不说话的;沉寂的 * 沉默;无声 * 保持安静 12.recently adv.不久前;最近 → adj.最近的 13.rise v. & n.升起;增加;提高 → / (过去式/过去分词)
重点短语 1. (闹钟)发出响声 2. 接电话 3. 看一看 4. 前往;费力地前进 5. 拆除;往下拽;记录 6. 起初;起先
【参考答案】
核心词汇
1.light 2.report 3.match 4.passage 5.alarm 6.begin
7.storm rainstorm 8.window 9.area 10.realize 11.date 12.tower 13.wind 14.fallen 15.kid 16.truth
17.pupil
词汇拓展
1.heavy 2.sudden all of a sudden 3.stranger 4.wooden
5.beat beaten 6.for 7.awake fall asleep 8.ice 9.complete 10.shock 11.silent in silence keep silent 12.recent 13.rose risen
重点短语
1.go off 2.pick up 3.have a look 4.make one's way 5.take down 6.at first
Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains.
核心词汇 1. v.射击;发射 2. n.石头 3. n.声音 4. v.提醒;使想起 5. n.物体;物品 6. v.适合;合身adj.合适的 7. v.欺骗;蒙骗n.骗子 8. adj.全部的;整体的 9. adv.光亮地;明亮地adj.明亮的;光线充足的 10. adj.愚蠢的;不明事理的 11. n.尾巴 12. v.使激动;使兴奋 13. n.(尤指)夫妻;两人;两件事物 14. v. & n.笑;微笑 15. v.结婚 16. n.金子;金币adj.金色的 17. n.丝绸;丝织物 18. adj.愚蠢的
词汇拓展 1.weak adj.虚弱的;无力的 → adv.虚弱地;无力地 2.hide v.隐藏;隐蔽 → / (过去式/过去分词) 3.magic adj.有魔力的;有神奇力量的 → n.魔术师 4.wife n.妻子;太太 → (pl.) 5.shine v.发光;照耀 → / (过去式/过去分词) 6.lead v.带路;领路 → / (过去式/过去分词) → n.领导;领袖 * 导致;通向 7.brave adj.勇敢的;无畏的 → adv.勇敢地 8.stick n.棍;条v.粘;贴;戳 * 坚持;遵守
重点短语 1. 主角;主要人物 2. 把……变成…… 3. 结婚 4. 不断尝试;继续努力 5. 代替;反而 6. 有点儿;稍微 7. 从前 8. 世界各地;全世界
【参考答案】
核心词汇
1.shoot 2.stone 3.voice 4.remind 5.object 6.fit 7.cheat 8.whole 9.bright 10.silly 11.tail 12.excite
13.couple 14.smile 15.marry 16.gold 17.silk 18.stupid
词汇拓展
1.weakly 2.hid hidden 3.magician 4.wives 5.shone shone 6.led led leader lead to 7.bravely 8.stick to
重点短语
1.main character 2.turn... into... 3.get married 4.keep trying 5.instead of 6.a little bit 7.once upon a time 8.all over the world
【三核过考点】
【考点1】pick up的用法(Unit 5, P34)
一看全国视野(探考向)
1.(2023·天津) 海伦拿起一本杂志,开始看起来。
Helen a magazine and began to read.
2.(2020·甘肃天水改编)——我们去机场接你姐姐好吗
——不用了。她将打车来这里。
—Shall we go to the airport to your sister
—No. She will come here by taxi.
二理知识锦囊(累知识)
pick up的用法如下:
三测多维评价(练用法)
根据汉语提示完成句子
1.当我看到地上的钱包时,我停下来把它捡了起来。
When I saw the wallet on the ground, I stopped to .
2.他拿起手边的词典开始查找这个生词。
He at hand and began to look up the new word in it.
3.火车沿途停了好几次,让乘客上车。
The train stopped several times to .
4.昨晚在浏览晚报时,我意外发现了一首好诗。
Looking through the evening paper last night, I .
【参考答案】一看:1.picked up 2.pick up
三测:1.pick it up 2.picked up the dictionary 3.pick up passengers 4.picked up a wonderful poem
【考点2】realize的用法(Unit 5, P37)
一看全国视野(探考向)
(2022·山东枣庄)登山者的精神向我表明我不应该放弃对实现自己梦想的努力。
The spirit of climbers shows me that I should never give up trying to my .
二理知识锦囊(累知识)
realize 主要有以下意思与用法:
(1)意为“认识到;了解”,相当于understand。
(2)意为“实现;完成”,相当于achieve。
易混辨析
realize/come true
这两个词语都与“实现”有关,但用法有别:
词条 用法
realize 为及物动词,其主语是人,表示某人实现理想、愿望等,即sb. realize sth.
come true 为不及物动词短语,其主语是物,通常表示理想、愿望等的实现,即e true.
三测多维评价(练用法)
根据汉语提示完成句子
1.最后她实现了当美术家的梦想。
Finally she her dream of becoming an artist.
2.我总是梦想到中国来,现在我的梦想已经实现了。
I always dreamt of coming to China, and now my dream .
3.最终我意识到了我的错误。
I at last.
4.我希望他的梦想能实现。
I hope .
【参考答案】一看:achieve/realize dream(s)
三测:1.realized/achieved 2.has come true 3.realized my mistake 4.his dream can come true
【考点3】marry的用法(Unit 6, P44)
一看全国视野(探考向)
(2022·安庆市二模改编)She (嫁)a rich man ten years ago and now she has a lovely daughter.
二理知识锦囊(累知识)
marry 意为“娶,嫁;结婚,和……结婚”。其用法如下:
用法拓展
be married已婚(表状态);get married结婚(表动作)
三测多维评价(练用法)
根据汉语提示完成句子
1.她已经结婚十年了。
She for ten years.
2.Alice两年前嫁给了一个德国人。
Alice a German two years ago.
3.去年她和他结婚了。
She him last year.
【参考答案】一看:married
三测:1.has been married 2.married 3.got/was married to
【考点4】instead的用法(Unit 6, P42)
一看全国视野(探考向)
1.(2023·新疆)To have a greener life, it is better to walk or ride bicycles i of driving.
2.(2023·江苏扬州改编) We need to tell people to just do one small thing well instead 100 things poorly.(盲填)
二理知识锦囊(累知识)
instead 单独使用时是副词,意为“代替;顶替;反而”,常位于句末。例如:
It will take days by car, so let's fly instead.
坐汽车得好几天时间,所以我们还是乘飞机吧。
用法拓展
instead of 的意思是“代替……;而不……”,作为介词短语,其后常跟名词、代词和动词-ing形式。
温馨提示
含有instead的句子也可以改成含有instead of的句子。例如:
She never studies.Instead, she plays tennis all day.
→Instead of studying, she plays tennis all day. 她成天打网球,而不是学习。
三测多维评价(练用法)
一、根据括号中的汉语提示完成句子
1.Wu Mei didn't go to the cinema yesterday. (相反), she watched her favorite TV program at home.
2.—How did Tom feel after you told him about the news
— (代替)being angry, he seemed quite pleased.
二、同义句转换
He didn't give John the money. He gave it to me instead.
→ John the money, he gave it to me.
【参考答案】一看:1.instead 2.of
三测:一、1.Instead 2.Instead of
二、Instead of giving
【考点5】against的用法(Unit 5, P35)
一看全国视野(探考向)
for against to
—She sold her treasures to cure her mother's illness, even though it was her own wishes.
—It's so kind of her.
二理知识锦囊(累知识)
介词against有两大基本用法:
(1)意为“反对;(行为)违背;不利于”。be against 的反义词为 be for。例如:
We are all against his idea.我们都反对他的想法。
(2)意为“靠着,倚;逆着”。例如:
He stood with his back against the door.他背靠门站着。
温馨提示
①切记:against 是介词,不是动词。例如:
这个计划你是赞成还是反对呢
正:Are you for or against the plan
误:Do you support or against the plan
②因为against是介词,所以后面接动词时要用动词的ing形式。例如:
我反对向银行借钱。
正:I'm against borrowing money from the bank.
误:I'm against to borrow money from the bank.
三测多维评价(练用法)
根据括号中的汉语提示完成句子
1.I am (反对)the plan because it's difficult to carry it out.
2.The old man stood there, with his back (倚着) the wall.
【参考答案】一看:against
三测:1.against 2.against
2