2024届高考英语复习课之阅读理解解题技巧 - 词义猜测和观点态度题 课件(共35张PPT)
文档属性
| 名称 | 2024届高考英语复习课之阅读理解解题技巧 - 词义猜测和观点态度题 课件(共35张PPT) |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 1.1MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-01-11 08:44:16 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
(共35张PPT)
英语
阅读理解解题技巧
PART 01
考情分析
细节理解题
词义猜测题
观点态度题
推理判断题
主旨大意题
阅读理解
考情分析
PART 02
阅读原则
做题顺序
先文后题
先题后文
题文对仗（题目顺序即文章顺序）
题目定位词停靠，定位词有：
首字母大写词
实意名词或动词
形容词副词
When did Tanni win her first Olympic gold medal
When did Tanni win her first Olympic gold medal
When did Tanni win her first Olympic gold medal
PART 03
词义猜测题
03
词义猜测设题方式
1.(2015 江苏卷)“What does the underlined word “tyrannies” in Paragraph 2 refer to “____________________.”
2.(2019全国卷Ⅲ ·B ·节选)“taking on” means “_____________________.”
3. (2017全国卷Ⅱ·D·节选)“the tables are turned” means __________________.
4. (2017全国卷Ⅰ·D)What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in Paragraph 2 refer to
对考纲外生词的猜测
对考纲内熟词新义的猜测
对句义的猜测
对文段中的习语、短语及划线部分的猜测或对指代进行理解
1. Definition 定义法
2. Contrast 对比法
3. Cause and effect 因果法
5. Example 例举法
7. Word Formation 构词法
6. Context 上下文法
How to guess
4. Semantic repetition 语义复现法
湘乡市第三中学 周洪敦 主讲Example1:【例】The modern age of medicine began with thestethoscope,an instrument for listening to a patient’s heartbeat and breathing.【技巧1】由生词后的_______(从句)或定语从句可猜词义，也就是_____猜词法。常见信号词____________________________________________________mean,the same as, that is to say, in other words, ...同位语定义注意：同位语有时也使用破折号、冒号、分号、引号和括号等表示听诊器湘乡市第三中学 周洪敦 主讲Example2【例】Andrew is one of the mostsuperciliousmen I knew. His brotherin contrast, is quite modest.【技巧2】根据对比关系猜测词义。句中有______________________________________________等表转折的词时，前后句含有对比意义，据此可猜测生词词义。but, however,yet, though, although, on the other hand, instead，in contrast湘乡市第三中学 周洪敦 主讲Example 3【例】Tom is considered anautocraticadministrator（管理者）becausehe makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others.【技巧3】根据______关系猜测词义。表示_____关系的信号词有：___________________________________等。因果因果because, so, therefore, thus, so...that独裁的，专制的湘乡市第三中学 周洪敦 主讲Example 4【例】In our competitive world of today, examinations have a highly selecting orfilteringrole.【技巧4】根据_______________________猜测词义，叫语义复现法。这类词往往有and, or, but,however，namely, that is to say, in other words等信号词作暗示。同义词、近义词或反义词过滤的湘乡市第三中学 周洪敦 主讲Example 5【例】Today young couples often spend lots of their money onappliances,for instance,washing machine, fridge and color TV sets.【技巧5】根据猜测词义，叫做例举法。这类信号词有____________________________________________等短语。for example, such as, for instance, consist of, include, especially举例湘乡市第三中学 周洪敦 主讲Example 6【例】The pupilsassembledin front of the school hall. They came together to listen to the headmaster announce the result of the sports meeting.【技巧6】上下文法：俗话说，“词不离句，句不离文”。特定的________往往是推测词义不可忽视的重要因素。上下文湘乡市第三中学 周洪敦 主讲Example 7【例】 Do you have any strong opinion onco- educationalor single-sex schools 根据 educational（教育的），结合前缀co-(共同，一起）和 single-sex schools,可推测 co-educational 的意思是“男女同校的”【技巧7】根据猜测词义，叫做构词法。构词法知识 Conclusion
Ex. 1
◎A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects（木制品） is called a carpenter.
◎We are on the night shift --- from midnight to 8 a.m. --- this week.
木匠
夜班
牛刀小试
1. Though Tom’s face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby.
2. John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things; his wife, however, is very thrifty.
adj. 脏的
adj. 节俭的
牛刀小试
Ex.2
Ex. 3
◎Since I could not afford to purchase the original painting, I bought a replica.
◎In the strong wind, the beggar shivered because of the terrible cold.
复制品
牛刀小试
颤抖
Most women in Ghana —— the educated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the young and old work to earn an income in order to maintain their roles as housewives and mothers.
Ex. 4
牛刀小试
无文化的
主旨大意题
04
主旨大意题设题方式
1. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the paragraph
2. What can be the best title of this passage
3. What's the main idea of this passage/paragraph
4. This text mainly tell us____.
常见出题方式
Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health. Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smoking also can cause other health problems. For example, it can give one a “smoker’s cough”. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it
D
55．What is the main idea
A. cigarette smoking can cause cancer
B. smoking can cause the most serious and terrible disease (illness)
C. smoking also can cause other health problems
D. smoking is harmful.
技巧：
寻找主题句往往是做好此类题的关键。
1. 段落主题：常在首句、尾句、首尾句、段落中位置或者需要归纳分析
2. 全文主题：常根据首段，尾段，首尾段，或者每段主旨句串联得出
Example:
文章
There are three separate sources of danger in supplying energy by nuclear power.
First, the radioactive material must travel from its place of production to the power station.......Unfortunately, both of these may have an effect on the general public, since they are sure to pass near, or even through, heavily populated areas.
Second, there is the problem of waste. All nuclear power stations produce wastes that in most cases will remain radioactive for thousands of years.....
Third, there may occur the danger of a leak (泄漏) or an explosion at the power station......
What is the passage about
A．Uses of nuclear power.
B．Dangers from nuclear power.
C．Public anger at nuclear power.
D．Accidents caused by nuclear power.
Ex:
B
观点态度题
05
观点态度题设题方式
1. How does the author feel about...？
2. What does the author think of ...
3. What's the author's attitude towards...
常见出题方式
We may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置) well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment — and our wallets — as these outdated（过时的） devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.
32. What does the author think of old devices
A. They are environment-friendly.
B. They are no better than the new.
C. They cost less to use at home.
D. They never go out of style.
Examples
技巧：
根据作者在文中的措辞，尤其是表达感彩的形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子，推断出作者的弦外之音。
（Excise）The problem of robocalls（自动语音电话） has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don’t know. … We are finally dealing with the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps to prevent scammers （骗子）from getting through. Unfortunately, it's too little, too late. By the time these “solutions” become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means.
38. How does the author feel about the solutions to problem of robocalls
A. Panicked惊慌的. B. Confused.
C. Embarrassed. D. Disappointed失望的.
Conclusion
PART 04
备考建议
备考建议
得阅读者得高考：以读攻读
坚持每天做阅读
养成猜词习惯
2. 得词汇者得阅读：以词汇提高阅读
以阅读巩固词汇
考纲词汇
Homework
1. 回顾所学技巧
2. 完成学案上第二篇阅读题
Thank you for your attention.
May you succeed!
Homework answers
第一篇1-4：D D B A
第二篇1-5：B D B C A
英语
阅读理解解题技巧
PART 01
考情分析
细节理解题
词义猜测题
观点态度题
推理判断题
主旨大意题
阅读理解
考情分析
PART 02
阅读原则
做题顺序
先文后题
先题后文
题文对仗（题目顺序即文章顺序）
题目定位词停靠，定位词有：
首字母大写词
实意名词或动词
形容词副词
When did Tanni win her first Olympic gold medal
When did Tanni win her first Olympic gold medal
When did Tanni win her first Olympic gold medal
PART 03
词义猜测题
03
词义猜测设题方式
1.(2015 江苏卷)“What does the underlined word “tyrannies” in Paragraph 2 refer to “____________________.”
2.(2019全国卷Ⅲ ·B ·节选)“taking on” means “_____________________.”
3. (2017全国卷Ⅱ·D·节选)“the tables are turned” means __________________.
4. (2017全国卷Ⅰ·D)What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in Paragraph 2 refer to
对考纲外生词的猜测
对考纲内熟词新义的猜测
对句义的猜测
对文段中的习语、短语及划线部分的猜测或对指代进行理解
1. Definition 定义法
2. Contrast 对比法
3. Cause and effect 因果法
5. Example 例举法
7. Word Formation 构词法
6. Context 上下文法
How to guess
4. Semantic repetition 语义复现法
湘乡市第三中学 周洪敦 主讲Example1:【例】The modern age of medicine began with thestethoscope,an instrument for listening to a patient’s heartbeat and breathing.【技巧1】由生词后的_______(从句)或定语从句可猜词义，也就是_____猜词法。常见信号词____________________________________________________mean,the same as, that is to say, in other words, ...同位语定义注意：同位语有时也使用破折号、冒号、分号、引号和括号等表示听诊器湘乡市第三中学 周洪敦 主讲Example2【例】Andrew is one of the mostsuperciliousmen I knew. His brotherin contrast, is quite modest.【技巧2】根据对比关系猜测词义。句中有______________________________________________等表转折的词时，前后句含有对比意义，据此可猜测生词词义。but, however,yet, though, although, on the other hand, instead，in contrast湘乡市第三中学 周洪敦 主讲Example 3【例】Tom is considered anautocraticadministrator（管理者）becausehe makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others.【技巧3】根据______关系猜测词义。表示_____关系的信号词有：___________________________________等。因果因果because, so, therefore, thus, so...that独裁的，专制的湘乡市第三中学 周洪敦 主讲Example 4【例】In our competitive world of today, examinations have a highly selecting orfilteringrole.【技巧4】根据_______________________猜测词义，叫语义复现法。这类词往往有and, or, but,however，namely, that is to say, in other words等信号词作暗示。同义词、近义词或反义词过滤的湘乡市第三中学 周洪敦 主讲Example 5【例】Today young couples often spend lots of their money onappliances,for instance,washing machine, fridge and color TV sets.【技巧5】根据猜测词义，叫做例举法。这类信号词有____________________________________________等短语。for example, such as, for instance, consist of, include, especially举例湘乡市第三中学 周洪敦 主讲Example 6【例】The pupilsassembledin front of the school hall. They came together to listen to the headmaster announce the result of the sports meeting.【技巧6】上下文法：俗话说，“词不离句，句不离文”。特定的________往往是推测词义不可忽视的重要因素。上下文湘乡市第三中学 周洪敦 主讲Example 7【例】 Do you have any strong opinion onco- educationalor single-sex schools 根据 educational（教育的），结合前缀co-(共同，一起）和 single-sex schools,可推测 co-educational 的意思是“男女同校的”【技巧7】根据猜测词义，叫做构词法。构词法知识 Conclusion
Ex. 1
◎A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects（木制品） is called a carpenter.
◎We are on the night shift --- from midnight to 8 a.m. --- this week.
木匠
夜班
牛刀小试
1. Though Tom’s face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby.
2. John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things; his wife, however, is very thrifty.
adj. 脏的
adj. 节俭的
牛刀小试
Ex.2
Ex. 3
◎Since I could not afford to purchase the original painting, I bought a replica.
◎In the strong wind, the beggar shivered because of the terrible cold.
复制品
牛刀小试
颤抖
Most women in Ghana —— the educated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the young and old work to earn an income in order to maintain their roles as housewives and mothers.
Ex. 4
牛刀小试
无文化的
主旨大意题
04
主旨大意题设题方式
1. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the paragraph
2. What can be the best title of this passage
3. What's the main idea of this passage/paragraph
4. This text mainly tell us____.
常见出题方式
Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health. Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smoking also can cause other health problems. For example, it can give one a “smoker’s cough”. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it
D
55．What is the main idea
A. cigarette smoking can cause cancer
B. smoking can cause the most serious and terrible disease (illness)
C. smoking also can cause other health problems
D. smoking is harmful.
技巧：
寻找主题句往往是做好此类题的关键。
1. 段落主题：常在首句、尾句、首尾句、段落中位置或者需要归纳分析
2. 全文主题：常根据首段，尾段，首尾段，或者每段主旨句串联得出
Example:
文章
There are three separate sources of danger in supplying energy by nuclear power.
First, the radioactive material must travel from its place of production to the power station.......Unfortunately, both of these may have an effect on the general public, since they are sure to pass near, or even through, heavily populated areas.
Second, there is the problem of waste. All nuclear power stations produce wastes that in most cases will remain radioactive for thousands of years.....
Third, there may occur the danger of a leak (泄漏) or an explosion at the power station......
What is the passage about
A．Uses of nuclear power.
B．Dangers from nuclear power.
C．Public anger at nuclear power.
D．Accidents caused by nuclear power.
Ex:
B
观点态度题
05
观点态度题设题方式
1. How does the author feel about...？
2. What does the author think of ...
3. What's the author's attitude towards...
常见出题方式
We may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置) well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment — and our wallets — as these outdated（过时的） devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.
32. What does the author think of old devices
A. They are environment-friendly.
B. They are no better than the new.
C. They cost less to use at home.
D. They never go out of style.
Examples
技巧：
根据作者在文中的措辞，尤其是表达感彩的形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子，推断出作者的弦外之音。
（Excise）The problem of robocalls（自动语音电话） has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don’t know. … We are finally dealing with the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps to prevent scammers （骗子）from getting through. Unfortunately, it's too little, too late. By the time these “solutions” become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means.
38. How does the author feel about the solutions to problem of robocalls
A. Panicked惊慌的. B. Confused.
C. Embarrassed. D. Disappointed失望的.
Conclusion
PART 04
备考建议
备考建议
得阅读者得高考：以读攻读
坚持每天做阅读
养成猜词习惯
2. 得词汇者得阅读：以词汇提高阅读
以阅读巩固词汇
考纲词汇
Homework
1. 回顾所学技巧
2. 完成学案上第二篇阅读题
Thank you for your attention.
May you succeed!
Homework answers
第一篇1-4：D D B A
第二篇1-5：B D B C A