Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark 知识点讲义

Unit4 I used to be afraid of the dark.
What’s he like now
结构: What’s +sb./sth.+like 某人/某物什么样？
表示某人/某物什么样的句型:
人:① What’s+人+like 询问性格/外貌
②What does/do +人+look like 询问外貌
③How+be +人 询问身体状况
物: ① What’s +物+like
②What does/do +物+look like
③How+be+物
以上都是询问属性、形状、大小或质量等
Eg:-What’s your new bike like =How’s your new bike
-Very good.
This party is such a great idea!
Such (adj)那么的;这样的
辨析: such与so
Such是形容词,修饰名词/名词短语
①such+a(n)+(形容词+)单数可数名词
Eg: such a (good) holiday
②(形容词+)复数可数名词
Eg: such (beautiful) girls
③(形容词+)不可数名词
Eg: such (delicious) food
So是副词,修饰形容词/副词
Eg: so careful so carefully
注意: 当名词前有many,much,few,little 等词修饰时,只能用so,不能用such.
Eg: She will have so much housework to do tomorrow
Such+a(n)+adj+可数名词单数=so+adj+a(n)+可数名词单数
Eg：It is so interesting a book that I like it very much.
It is such an interesting book that I like it very much.
3.As she got better,she dared to sing in front of her class,and then for the whole school.
dare (实义动词) 敢于;胆敢 (可以有词形变化)
Eg: I wonder how he dares to say such things.
dare(情态动词) 敢 (通常用于疑问句/否定句及if/whether之后,一般不用于肯定句)
Eg：Dare you tell her the truth？
I don’t know whether he dare try.
“I dare say” 习惯说法 (用于肯定句) 所表示的是一种不确定的语气,常译为:很可能、大概、我想等
Eg: I dare say you are right. 我想你是正确的
4.Now she’s not shy anymore and loves singing in front of crowds.
Not...anymore=not...any more 相当于no more
(一般指行为/动作不再出现)
辨析: not...any more 与not...any longer
not...any more 相当于no more,表示数量和程度上的 “不再”,通常修饰非延续性动词,一般指今后 “不再”,故多用于将来时
Eg: He will not go there any more.
He will no more go there.
not...any longer 相当于no longer 指时间上/距离上的 “不再延长”,通常修饰延续性动词,多指现在的情况与过去相比,故常用于现在时态
Eg: You can’t stay here any longer.
You can no longer stay here.
5.You really require a lot of talent and hard work to succeed.
require (v) 需要;需求 requirement (n)要求;规定
用法如下:
①require sb.to do sth. 要求某人做某事
②require that+sb.(should) do sth. 要求某人做某事
③sth. require doing /to be done.某事需要(被)做
6.Only a very small number of people make it to the top.
a very small number of 极少数 后接复数名词 (谓语动词用复数形式) a small number of 少数
辨析: a number of 与the number of
a number of +复数名词 许多
the number of +复数名词 ...的数量 (谓语用单数)
7.Sometimes he was absent from classes and failed his examinations.
absent (adj) 缺席的;不在场的 (常与from连用)
be absent from 缺席
absence (n) 缺席 (反义词: presence )
present(adj)出席的;在场的 (后置定语)
(adj)目前的;现在的 (前置定语)
fail (vt) 失败;不及格 (vi) 失败;不及格
~ to do sth. 未能/没能做成某事
Eg: The boy didn’t fail (in) the exam.
8.She advised them to talk with their son in person.
advise sb. (not) to do sth. 建议某人(不)做某事
advise的用法如下:
①~doing sth. 建议做某事
②~ that +从句 建议... (that引导的从句应用虚拟语气,即:should+动原,should可以省略)
advice(un) 建议;忠告 a piece of advice 一条建议
9.So he became less interested in studying and missed classes.
辨析: become,turn与get
become:变得;成为 (通常指身份、职位的变化,强调变化的过程已完成)
Eg: She became an English teacher.
turn: 变成 (多用于在颜色或性质等方面的变化,强调变化的结果)
Eg: The man turned blue with fear. (那个人吓得脸色发青)
get:变得 (多用于口语,表示一种变化过程,强调 “渐渐变得”, 其后常接adj的比较级)
Eg: In winter,the days get shorter.
Used to的用法:
used to+动原 表示过去的习惯性动作或状态,现在已不再发生或不存在.
否定句: used not to, usedn’t to, didn’t use to
Eg: She didn’t use to have long hair.
She usedn’t to have long hair.
一般疑问句: Did sb.use to... /Used sb.to...
Yes,sb.did. /Yes,sb.used to. No,sb.usedn’t
反意疑问句: 附加问句部分可用 didn’t/usedn’t
类似短语:
be/get/become used to doing sth.习惯于做某事
be used to do sth. 被用于做某事