人教版九年级全册Unit6When was it invented?讲义

Unit6 When was it invented
My pleasure.
辨析: please,pleasure,pleased与pleasant
①please(语气词) 请 (v)取悦;使高兴
②pleasure (n) 愉快
常用短语:
With pleasure.(表示乐于接受或同意某事) 我愿意
It’s my pleasure.(My pleasure)不用谢
It’s a pleasure.不用谢
③pleased (adj)高兴的
用法如下: be pleased to do sth.乐于做某事
　　　　be pleased with 对...满意
Eg: He is pleased with his job.
④pleasant (adj)愉快的 (作定语/表语,通常说明事物)
Eg:We spent a pleasant vacation there.
The music that is pleasant to the ear.
For example,it mentioned that zipper was invented by Whitcomb Judson in 1893.
mention(vt) 提到;提及
Don’t mention it.不用谢,没关系(道谢;道歉)
①mention sth. to sb.向某人提及某事
②mention doing sth./that从句 提及...
Eg: Nobody mentioned anything to me about it.
Whenever I mention playing basketball,he always says he’s too busy.
He mentioned that he met some problem,but nobody helped him.
It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink.
It is said that ... 据说... 有人说... (it为形式主语,that从句为真正的主语,be said是被动语态形式,其主动语态形式为:People/They say (that)...)
“It is+过去分词+that...”结构的常用句型
It is believed that...人们认为...
It is known that...众所周知...
It is reported that...据报道...
It is supposed that...据估计...
4.Even though many people now know about tea culture,the Chinese are without doubt the ones who best understand the nature of tea.
doubt(n)疑问;疑惑
相关短语: without doubt毫无疑问;的确
no doubt无疑;很可能 be in doubt不确定
beyond doubt 毫无疑问
doubt(v)怀疑 (后常接n/pron或that;if/whether引导的从句作宾语)
There is no doubt that+句子 毫无疑问的是...
Eg：They doubt the truth of it.
We doubt that you are right.
I doubt if/whether he will come earlier this time.
The number of foreign players,including
Chinese players,in the NBA has increased.
辨析: include,including与included
include(vt)包括;包含
including(prep)包括;包含
included(adj)包括在内的 (后置定语)
Eg:Breakfast includes egg,bread and milk.
All the students,including me,had a nice day during the vacation.
All of us,myself included,like our English teacher.
These stars encourage young people to work hard to achieve their dreams.
辨析:achieve与come true
achieve(vt)实现 (主语是人)
come true(vi短语)实现 (主语是事物)
achieve one’s dream=one’s dream come true.
At the same time,they need to stop competing team from getting the ball into their own basket.
①stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事
stop...from...的同义短语
prevent...(from)doing
keep...from doing
②get into 进入
含有get的短语:
get ready 准备好 get angry 生气
get on well 相处得好 get well 恢复健康
get in the way 挡道 get a cold 感冒; 伤风
get over 克服(困难等); 从(疾病、失望等)中恢复过来
get along 融洽相处;前进,进展; (with)与…相处; 生活
get through 通过; 拨通(电话)
get in touch with 与…联系; 与…接触
7.Today,the popularity of basketball has risen around the world,with many young people dreaming of becoming famous players.
“with many young people dreaming of becoming famous players.”
是 “with+宾语+补足语”(补足语可以是: 现在分词、过去分词、介词短语、形容词或不定式)
Eg: She enjoys listening to music with her eyes closed.
My mother looked at me with tears in her eyes.
Don’t speak with your mouth full.
With a lot of work to do,she felt very tired.
8.Many young people look up to these basketball heroes and want to become like them.
look up to 钦佩;仰慕;尊敬
含有look的短语：
look forward to期待 look down upon瞧不起;轻视
look on ...as...把...看作 look out for注意观察;留意
look sb.up and down上下打量 look sb.in the eye正视某人
一般过去时的的被动语态
①构成: was/were+动词过去分词
②各种时态被动语态的结构归纳
一般将来时: will/shall be done
过去将来时:would/should be done
现在进行时:am/is /are being done
过去进行时:was/were being done
现在完成时：have/has been done
过去完成时：had been done
③使用被动语态的误区
主动句的宾语是each other或反身代词时,不能用作被动语态的主语
Eg: The man introduced himself as Mr.White.
Himself was introduced as Mr.White.(x)
They help each other to study English.
Each other is helped to study English.(x)
当主动句的谓语动词是表状态的及物动词时,不能用于被动语态.
Eg: We will have a meeting.
A meeting will be had by us.
主动句的宾语是不定式或动名词时,不能用作被动语态中的主语
Eg: My brother enjoys watching TV.
Watching TV is enjoyed by my brother.(x)
He asked to have a try.
To have a try was asked by him.(x)
主动结构表被动意义
open,lock,write,read,sell,clean,wash,cut,burn,drive等词作不及物动词时,它们的主语为物,可用主动语态表示被动意义.
Eg：This kind of pen writes very smoothly.
The clothes sell well in that store.
look,sound,taste,smell等系动词用主动结构表被动
Eg：The music sounds very beautiful.
Hamburgers taste quite delicious.
be worth doing值得....(用主动结构表示被动)
Eg:The book is worth reading.
require/want/need +doing (用主动结构表示被动)
require/want/need to be done
Eg: My bike needs repairing.
My bike needs to be repaired.