高一英语试题
第二部分阅读理解(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
A
Don’t you have time for reading If you are interested in non-fiction books, here are some good choices for you.
A Room of One’s Own
This essay by English writer Virginia Woolf is based on several lectures given to two women’s colleges at Cambridge University in 1928. In the essay, Woolf describes that it’s circumstance not talent alone, that allows men to be more successful at writing. Women, in other words, spend so much time cooking, cleaning, and tending to their children that they have no time left for art. To write well, therefore, a woman must have a “room of her own”. While on its surface, this essay appears to be only about writing, it is actually about wealth and class, freedom and confinement, and the power struggle between sexes.
The Art of War
Written by ancient Chinese warrior Sun Tzu, The Art of War is widely considered to be one of the best books about military strategies in human history. Consisting of 13 chapters, each dealing with a separate aspect about how to fight a war, the book has been translated into every major language and has thousands of editions. For centuries, it has been used to train world leaders for its detailed study of military strategies and effective leadership.
Letter to My Daughter
This book of essays by Maya Angelou, a respectable African-American poet, is written for “the daughter she never had” — the millions of women, both young and old, that she considers to be her “family”. From the viewpoint of a caring, older relative, this book contains lessons selected from her own life experiences, including the birth of her only child, a son, as well as the development and loss of friendship.
A Brief History of Time
If you’re short of time, then why not read about, well, the creation of time This book, first published in 1998 from brilliant scientist and mathematician Stephen Hawking, explores mind-bending questions about the creation of the universe, including if and when it will end, and if so, how. Despite its heavy subject matter, Hawking addresses these questions in a way that’s easy to understand, even for those who know little about physics.
1. What can we learn about the four books
A. A Brief History of Time mainly focuses on the matter of time.
B. Letter to My Daughter is actually a common family letter.
C. The Art of War gives advice on how to be a world leader.
D. A Room of One’s Own is more than about writing.
2. What can be inferred from the passage
A. As a physicist,Hawking is equally famous in writing.
B. Maya devotes herself to fighting for women’s rights.
C. The book by Sun Tzu is helpful in policy-making.
D. Woolf looks down upon men in writing.
3. What is the purpose of the passage
A. To make comparisons among the four books.
B. To recommend the four books to readers.
C. To make comments on the four books.
D. To promote sales of the four books.
B
Maggie, a girl of thirteen years old, lived on the west coast of the United States. She had never experienced an earthquake before; she only prepared for it. As long as she could remember, preparing for an earthquake was common at her school. Her family had made plans as well in case of a natural disaster.
One day, Maggie arrived home from school at the usual time. However, it was not the same as usual. She was home alone. Her mom would be driving home on the busy freeway and her dad was to arrive at the airport. He was coming home from a two-week business trip.
After finishing her homework, Maggie felt a little hungry, so she went to the kitchen to find something to eat: Just then she felt a shake, then the violent shaking. Maggie quickly ran under the large table in the dining room. The sounds of breaking glass and the crashing of many things were deafening, and Maggie hugged herself in fear.
After what seemed like a very long time the earthquake appeared to be over. Maggie could hear the sound of water rushing below her in the basement. And there was the smell of natural gas in the air. Maggie knew where the main water valve(阀门) was and how to turn it off. Dad had ever shown her before.
Slowly and carefully she came out from under the table. The once tidy home was then almost unrecognizable. Walls had fallen down and many things in the room were in a mess. As Maggie approached the open basement door, she could see the steps. Carefully she made her way down into the dark basement.
While placing her feet firmly on the floor, Maggie felt a sudden pain as a large wood hit her head and shoulder. She fell unconscious onto a pile of boxes. An hour later, she woke up and found her parents beside her. She was happy that she was still alive!
4. What can we infer from the first paragraph
A. Earthquake are the main natural disasters in the US.
B. Maggie’s parents taught her how to survive in an earthquake.
C. Earthquakes occur often in the west of the US.
D. Magpie has some self-help knowledge in earthquakes.
5. What does the underlined word “deafening” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Very loud. B. Quite familiar
C. Very distant D. Quite strange.
6. What can we know about Maggie
A. She was the only child in her family
B. She was not afraid at all during the earthquake.
C. She was hurt on the way to turning off the water valve.
D. She had experienced an earthquake before.
7. What does the passage mainly talk about
A. A story of a girl in an earthquake. B. The importance of preparing for an earthquake.
C. The ways to escape from an earthquake. D. The danger of an earthquake.
C
The cultivation of plants by ants is more widespread than previously realized, and has evolved on at least 15 separate occasions.
There are more than 200 species of ant in the Americas that farm fungi (真菌) for food, but this trait evolved just once sometime between 45 million and 65 million years ago. Biologists regard the cultivation of fungi by ants as true agriculture appearing earlier than human agriculture because it meets four criteria: the ants plant the fungus, care for it, harvest it and depend on it for food.
By contrast, while thousands of ant species are known to have a wide variety of interdependent relationships with plants, none were regarded as true agriculture. But in 2016, Guillaume Chomicki and Susanne Renner at the University of Munich, Germany, discovered that an ant in Fungi cultivates several plants in a way that meets the four criteria for true agriculture.
The ants collect the seeds of the plants and place them in cracks in the bark of trees. As the plants grow they form hollow structures called domain that the ants nest in. The ants defecate (排便) at designated absorptive places in these domain, providing nutrients for the plant. In return, as well as shelter, the plant provides food in the form of fruit juice.
This discovery prompted Chomicki and others to review the literature on ant-plant relationships to see if there are other examples of plant cultivation that have been overlooked. “They have never really been looked at in the framework of agriculture,” says Chomicki, who is now at the University of Sheffield in the UK. “It’s definitely widespread.”
The team identified 37 examples of tree-living ants that cultivate plants that grow on trees, known as epiphytes (附生植物). By looking at the family trees of the ant species, the team was able to determine on how many occasions plant cultivation evolved and roughly when. Fifteen is a conservative estimate, says Campbell. All the systems evolved relatively recently, around 1million to 3 million years ago, she says.
Whether the 37 examples of plant cultivation identified by the team count as true agriculture depends on the definitions used. Not all of the species get food from the plants, but they do rely on them for shelter, which is crucial for ants living in trees, says Campbell. So the team thinks the definition of true agriculture should include shelter as well as food.
8. According to biologists, why is ant-fungus cultivation considered as a form of true agriculture
A. Because it occurred earlier than human agriculture.
B. Because it fulfills the standards typical of agricultural practices.
C. Because it redefines the four criteria for true human agriculture.
D. Because it is less common than previously thought.
9. What motivated Chomicki and others to review the literature on ant-plant relationships
A. They determined on new family trees of the ant species.
B. They overlooked some tree-living ants that provided nutrients for the plants.
C. They never studied the ant-plant relationships within the context of agriculture.
D. They never identified any an t species that engaged in cultivation of fungi.
10. Which of the following statements is supported by the team's findings according to the passage
A. Ants’ cultivation of plants is limited to a few specific species.
B. The cultivation of fungi by ants is considered the earliest form of agriculture.
C. True agriculture in ants involves only food-related interactions with plants.
D. Ants have independently cultivated plants on at least 15 distinct occasions.
11. What is the passage mainly about
A. The evolution of ants in the plant kingdom.
B. The widespread occurrence of ant-plant cultivation.
C. The discovery of a new ant species engaging in agriculture.
D. The contrast between ant agriculture and human agriculture.
D
Adults are often embarrassed about asking for help. Its an act that can make people feel sensitive. The moment you ask for directions, after all, you reveal (泄露) that you may be lost. Seeking someone’s assistance can make you feel like you are broadcasting your incompetence. New research suggests young children don’t seek help in school, even when they need it, for the same reason.
To learn more about how children think about seeking help, we asked 576 children, ages four to nine, to predict the behavior of two kids in a story. One of the characters genuinely wanted to be smart, and the other merely wanted to seem smart to others.
Children thought that the kid who wanted to seem smart would be less likely to ask for assistance. They could still conceive of (想象) situations in which the kid who wanted to seem smart would seek help: when assistance could be sought privately (on a computer rather than in person), children thought both characters were equally likely to ask for it.
We also found that they recognize several more behaviors that might make a child appear less smart in front of fellow kids, such as admitting to failure or modestly downplaying successes. Children are therefore acutely aware of several ways in which a person’s actions might make them appear less clever in the eyes of others.
However, a number of solutions can be found to help children. Our Gist instinct may be to motivate seeking help by emphasizing its educational benefits. But reputational barriers likely require reputation-based solutions. For example, instructors could create activities in which each student becomes an “expert” on a different topic, and then children must ask one another for help to master all of die material. If seeking help is understood as a commonplace classroom activity, kids may be less likely to think of it as indicative (表明) of one’s ability.
Seeking help could even be framed as socially desirable. After all, asking for help often benefits not just die help seeker but also others listening in who have similar questions or struggles.
12. What feature do the adults and young children share
A. They seldom ask for directions.
B. They are afraid of being laughed at.
C. They hesitate to seek assistance.
D. They regard themselves as incompetence.
13. What conclusion can be drawn from the research
A. Teachers should praise kids for seeking assistance.
B. Assistance only works when sought privately,
C. It seems possible that children themselves are not struggling.
D. Children care deeply about the way others think about them.
14. How does the author explain the solution in Paragraph 5
A. By making a comparison. B. By referring to an example.
C. By introducing a concept. D. By telling a school story.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Why Kids Are Afraid to Ask for Help.
B. Seeking Help Makes Kids Feel Uncomfortable.
C. Unwillingness to Seek Help Stop Academic Progress.
D. How Can We Help Children Overcome the Barrier,
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
People say water can improve health and memory. But now some experts say that to think drinking water equals health is taking things too far and that hydration(水合作用）is about the balance between electrolytes(电解质)like sodium and the water in your body.
Then. how much water do you need to drink Many say you should drink eight 8-ounce glasses of water a day. Not so some experts say. ___16___ A 200-pound person who hikes 10 miles in the heat needs more water than a 120-pound office manager in a temperature-controlled building.
___17___ Someone with a heart condition or kidney stones has one level of need. A person taking diuretic drugs(利尿药）may need a different amount of water.You may need to change the amount you are drinking if you lave been ill with vomiting or diarrhea.
Water is a better choice than sugary sodas or fruit juices.___18___One popular idea is that caffeine or alcohol will make your body lose much water. But one study showed the effect is not significant.You also get water from what you eat. Fruits, vegetables, and soups all add to the intake of water. Your body will tell you if you are hydrated enough. You don't have to think about it or add up the ounces you drink.___19___
Electrolytes are essential minerals. ___20___ Some sports drinks ads say you need to add electrolytes to stay healthy. But some experts say that your body produces electrolytes. You may need more water if you exercise a lot during the heat of the day. Otherwise, most people get enough electrolytes from food.
A. Just drink then you are thirsty.
B. They are vital to many functions in the body
C. It gives you more energy and makes you look good.
D. Instead, your body and the activities you attend matter.
E. It is also necessary to set a timetable about when to drink water.
F. The amount of water you need in a day also depends on your health.
G. But when it comes to hydration, any drink can add water to your system.
第二部分 语言知识运用(共三节, 满分45分)
第一节完型填空(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Snow had just melted off the ground that April day at our house in Regina Beach. My husband, Carl, had just cleaned up the pool in preparation for selling our ____21____. The year before, Carl had lost his job, and now our ____22____ situation was serious, so we had finally put our home on the ____23____. The thought of losing our beautiful home was almost more than I could bear.
Deep in ____24____, I sat typing up a job application letter for Carl. Out of the corner of my eye I could see our thirteen-month-old son, Forrest, playing near our two beloved dogs, Nana and Sasa. I hadn’t typed more than two sentences when Nana, began ____25____ violently and running back and forth, overlooking our pool.
I ____26____ to see what was happening. Suddenly, I realized Forrest was nowhere to be seen. Then to my horror, my eyes ____27____ Forrest’s yellow sleeper in the pool. Sasa was ____28____ doing her best to keep him afloat by holding on to his sleeper with her mouth. I realized that Forrest had somehow fallen into the pool.
In a split second, I dove in, lifted my ____29____ baby out and carried him inside. But when I realized Forrest wasn’t breathing, I began to go into ____30____. Thankfully, Carl, who was trained in CPR, arrived and then ____31____ I stood by with my heart in my ____32____, and after about three minutes, Forrest began to ____33____ again.
Things in our lives are much better now. Most importantly, almost losing Forrest-and then getting him back-____34____ any despair I might have had about losing our home.
A house can always be replaced, but knowing we have each other is the greatest ____35____ of all.
21. A. snow B. beach C. house D. dogs
22. A. traveling B. working C. political D. financial
23. A. market B. coast C. road D. corner
24. A. happiness B. despair C. anger D. curiosity
25. A. bathing B. biting C. barking D. beating
26. A. hoped B. managed C. pretended D. raced
27. A. caught sight of B. took care of C. broke away from D. looked down on
28. A. bravely B. hesitantly C. fiercely D. patiently
29. A. heavy B. cheerful C. precious D. newborn
30. A. surprise B. shape C. thought D. shock
31. A. turned up B. took over C. calmed down D. checked out
32. A. throat B. mind C. stomach D. chest
33. A. breathe B. sleep C. stretch D. laugh
34. A. increased B. simplified C. erased D. beautified
35. A. accident B. emergency C. suffering D. blessing
第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A total of 16 Chinese and Italian volunteers, wearing Hanfu, an ancient clothing ____36____(traditional) worn by ethnic-majority Han Chinese,____37____ (participate) in a parade launched in Venice on Feb. 17, 2023.
The clothing, transported from the Suzhou Silk Museum, was themed of Han, Tang, Song and Ming ____38____ (dynasty) respectively and well displayed Jiangnan culture and world-known Suzhou silk.
The show attracted lots of young people, most of ____39____ decided to participate in this initiative, thinking it could be a way to get even ____40____ (close) to Chinese culture.
The 24-year-old Irene Di Maio, ____41____ (major) in Chinese in Venice, went to Suzhou to attend a dragon boat festival five years ago. “The event was amazing, especially the part from Suzhou, a city I loved very much. This time I would like ____42____(know) more about Hanfu.”
In addition to the clothing show, visitors can also enjoy a series of Chinese cultural activities, including the performance of guzheng,____43____ traditional Chinese musical instrument, Hanfu try-ons and calligraphy demonstrations.
Suzhou, considered by the Italian explorer Marco Polo in the 13th century ____44____“the Venice of the East”, became a sister city to Venice in 1980, and since then multiple activities of mutual historical and cultural exchange ____45____ (carry) forward.
第三节单句语法填空(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
46. The closure of the factory will cause severe___________(损失)to the local economy. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
47. ___________ (埋首于) in conducting an experiment, she didn’t noticed that her wallet was stolen. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
48. She spoke for an hour without once ____________ (参考) to her notes.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
49. I’m very ___________ (感激的) of all the support you’ve given me. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
50. He’s been a part of the national football team for a few years and can play in ___________ (各种各样的) positions. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
51. He wiped the tears from his face secretly as if he___________(affect)by his failure. (所给词的适当形式填空)
52. With more forests___________(destroy), huge quantities of good earth are being washed away. (所给词的适当形式填空)
53. After months of___________(suffer), he died of cancer. (所给词的适当形式填空)
54. ___________ (base) on the demands of our consumers, our company made a significant improvement on the new product! (所给词的适当形式填空)
55. These advertisements are ___________ (specific) aimed at young people. (所给词的适当形式填空)
56. This is the most interesting book ________ I have ever read. (用适当的词填空)
57. Jack Ma creates a cozy atmosphere___________ his employees can get along well with each other. (用适当的词填空)
58. ___________is known to all; Taiwan is an inseparable part of China. (用适当的词填空)
59. There are 102 elements in nature, most of ___________ are metals. (用适当的词填空)
60. Workers built shelters for survivors ______ homes had been destroyed. (用适当的词填空)
第三部分 写作
第一节(满分25分)
61. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
He was 50 years old when I was born. I didn’t know why he was home instead of Mom but I was young and the only one of my friends who had their dad around. I considered myself very lucky.
Dad did so many things for me during my grade school years. He convinced the school bus driver to pick me up at my house instead of the usual bus stop that was six blocks away. He always had my lunch ready for me when I came home.
As I got a little older, I wanted to move away from those “childish” signs of his love. But he wasn’t going to give up. In high school and no longer able to go home for lunch, I began taking my own. Dad would get up a little earlier and make it for me. The outside of the sack might be covered with a heart inscribed with “Dad-n-Angie K. K.”. Inside there would be a napkin (餐巾纸) with that same heart or an “I love you.”
I used to hide my lunch so no one would see the bag or read the napkin but that didn’t last long. One of my friends saw the napkin one day, grabbed it, and passed it around the lunch room. My face burned with embarrassment. To my astonishment, the next day all my friends were waiting to see the napkin. From the way they acted, I thought they all wished they had someone who showed them that kind of love. I felt so proud!
When I left home for college, I thought the messages would stop. But my friends and I were glad that his gestures continued. I began getting letters almost every Friday. The front-desk staff always knew who the letters were from. Many times the envelopes were addressed in crayon, and along with the enclosed letters were usually drawings of our cat and dog, stick figures of him and Mom.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
It was during this time that Dad became stricken with cancer.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Then the time came when I decided to come home because he was growing sicker.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________高一英语试题
第二部分阅读理解(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
A
Don’t you have time for reading If you are interested in non-fiction books, here are some good choices for you.
A Room of One’s Own
This essay by English writer Virginia Woolf is based on several lectures given to two women’s colleges at Cambridge University in 1928. In the essay, Woolf describes that it’s circumstance not talent alone, that allows men to be more successful at writing. Women, in other words, spend so much time cooking, cleaning, and tending to their children that they have no time left for art. To write well, therefore, a woman must have a “room of her own”. While on its surface, this essay appears to be only about writing, it is actually about wealth and class, freedom and confinement, and the power struggle between sexes.
The Art of War
Written by ancient Chinese warrior Sun Tzu, The Art of War is widely considered to be one of the best books about military strategies in human history. Consisting of 13 chapters, each dealing with a separate aspect about how to fight a war, the book has been translated into every major language and has thousands of editions. For centuries, it has been used to train world leaders for its detailed study of military strategies and effective leadership.
Letter to My Daughter
This book of essays by Maya Angelou, a respectable African-American poet, is written for “the daughter she never had” — the millions of women, both young and old, that she considers to be her “family”. From the viewpoint of a caring, older relative, this book contains lessons selected from her own life experiences, including the birth of her only child, a son, as well as the development and loss of friendship.
A Brief History of Time
If you’re short of time, then why not read about, well, the creation of time This book, first published in 1998 from brilliant scientist and mathematician Stephen Hawking, explores mind-bending questions about the creation of the universe, including if and when it will end, and if so, how. Despite its heavy subject matter, Hawking addresses these questions in a way that’s easy to understand, even for those who know little about physics.
1. What can we learn about the four books
A. A Brief History of Time mainly focuses on the matter of time.
B. Letter to My Daughter is actually a common family letter.
C. The Art of War gives advice on how to be a world leader.
D. A Room of One’s Own is more than about writing.
2. What can be inferred from the passage
A. As a physicist,Hawking is equally famous in writing.
B. Maya devotes herself to fighting for women’s rights.
C. The book by Sun Tzu is helpful in policy-making.
D. Woolf looks down upon men in writing.
3. What is the purpose of the passage
A. To make comparisons among the four books.
B. To recommend the four books to readers.
C. To make comments on the four books.
D. To promote sales of the four books.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四本纪实类文学作品。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据A Room of One’s Own部分中的While on its surface, this essay appears to be only about writing, it is actually about wealth and class, freedom and confinement, and the power struggle between sexes.(虽然表面上这本书只跟写作有关，但实际上，它是关于财富和社会等级、自由和约束以及两性之间权力之争的)可知，A Room of One’s Own不仅仅是关于写作。故选D。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据The Art of War部分中的The Art of War is widely considered to be one of the best books about military strategies in human history.( The Art of War被广泛认为是人类历史上最好的军事战略书籍之一)以及For centuries, it has been used to train world leaders for its detailed study of military strategies and effective leadership.(几个世纪以来，它一直被用来训练世界领导人，以便对军事战略和有效领导进行详细的研究)可推知，孙子写的The Art of War一书对政策的制定有帮助。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段Don’t you have time for reading If you are interested in non-fiction books, here are some good choices for you.(你没有时间读书吗？如果你对非小说类书籍感兴趣，这里有一些不错的选择)可知，本文的写作目的是向读者推荐文中提到的这四本书。故选B。
B
Maggie, a girl of thirteen years old, lived on the west coast of the United States. She had never experienced an earthquake before; she only prepared for it. As long as she could remember, preparing for an earthquake was common at her school. Her family had made plans as well in case of a natural disaster.
One day, Maggie arrived home from school at the usual time. However, it was not the same as usual. She was home alone. Her mom would be driving home on the busy freeway and her dad was to arrive at the airport. He was coming home from a two-week business trip.
After finishing her homework, Maggie felt a little hungry, so she went to the kitchen to find something to eat: Just then she felt a shake, then the violent shaking. Maggie quickly ran under the large table in the dining room. The sounds of breaking glass and the crashing of many things were deafening, and Maggie hugged herself in fear.
After what seemed like a very long time, the earthquake appeared to be over. Maggie could hear the sound of water rushing below her in the basement. And there was the smell of natural gas in the air. Maggie knew where the main water valve(阀门) was and how to turn it off. Dad had ever shown her before.
Slowly and carefully she came out from under the table. The once tidy home was then almost unrecognizable. Walls had fallen down and many things in the room were in a mess. As Maggie approached the open basement door, she could see the steps. Carefully she made her way down into the dark basement.
While placing her feet firmly on the floor, Maggie felt a sudden pain as a large wood hit her head and shoulder. She fell unconscious onto a pile of boxes. An hour later, she woke up and found her parents beside her. She was happy that she was still alive!
4. What can we infer from the first paragraph
A. Earthquake are the main natural disasters in the US.
B. Maggie’s parents taught her how to survive in an earthquake.
C. Earthquakes occur often in the west of the US.
D. Magpie has some self-help knowledge in earthquakes.
5. What does the underlined word “deafening” in Paragraph 3 mean
A. Very loud. B. Quite familiar
C. Very distant D. Quite strange.
6. What can we know about Maggie
A. She was the only child in her family
B. She was not afraid at all during the earthquake.
C. She was hurt on the way to turning off the water valve.
D. She had experienced an earthquake before.
7. What does the passage mainly talk about
A. A story of a girl in an earthquake. B. The importance of preparing for an earthquake.
C. The ways to escape from an earthquake. D. The danger of an earthquake.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了13岁的Maggie居住在美国西海岸，她以前从来没有经历过地震。一天，她独自在家时，经历了地震。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第一段“She had never experienced an earthquake before; she only prepared for it. As long as she could remember, preparing for an earthquake was common at her school. Her family had made plans as well in case of a natural disaster.(她以前从来没有经历过地震，她只是为它做了准备。从她能记事起，为地震做准备在她的学校就很常见。她的家人也制定了应对自然灾害的计划。)”可推知，Maggie有在地震中自救的知识。故选D。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Maggie hugged herself in fear(Maggie害怕得抱住自己)”可知，玻璃破碎的声音和许多东西的碰撞声让Maggie感到很害怕，画线词deafening用来描述声音，故可知deafening意为“非常大声，震耳欲聋的”之意。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段“Maggie could hear the sound of water rushing below her in the basement(Maggie能听到地下室里水在她下面奔流的声音)”和“Maggie knew where the main water valve(阀门) was and how to turn it off(Maggie知道主水阀在哪里，也知道怎么关掉它)”及第六段第一句“While placing her feet firmly on the floor, Maggie felt a sudden pain as a large wood hit her head and shoulder(正当她稳稳地把脚放在地板上时，一块大木头击中了她的头和肩膀，她突然感到一阵疼痛)”可知，Maggie在去关水阀的路上被木头砸伤了。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了一个居住在美国西海岸的13岁小女孩Maggie独自在家中时遭遇地震的经历，选项A“一个女孩在地震中的故事”能概括本文。故选A。
C
The cultivation of plants by ants is more widespread than previously realized, and has evolved on at least 15 separate occasions.
There are more than 200 species of ant in the Americas that farm fungi (真菌) for food, but this trait evolved just once sometime between 45 million and 65 million years ago. Biologists regard the cultivation of fungi by ants as true agriculture appearing earlier than human agriculture because it meets four criteria: the ants plant the fungus, care for it, harvest it and depend on it for food.
By contrast, while thousands of ant species are known to have a wide variety of interdependent relationships with plants, none were regarded as true agriculture. But in 2016, Guillaume Chomicki and Susanne Renner at the University of Munich, Germany, discovered that an ant in Fungi cultivates several plants in a way that meets the four criteria for true agriculture.
The ants collect the seeds of the plants and place them in cracks in the bark of trees. As the plants grow, they form hollow structures called domain that the ants nest in. The ants defecate (排便) at designated absorptive places in these domain, providing nutrients for the plant. In return, as well as shelter, the plant provides food in the form of fruit juice.
This discovery prompted Chomicki and others to review the literature on ant-plant relationships to see if there are other examples of plant cultivation that have been overlooked. “They have never really been looked at in the framework of agriculture,” says Chomicki, who is now at the University of Sheffield in the UK. “It’s definitely widespread.”
The team identified 37 examples of tree-living ants that cultivate plants that grow on trees, known as epiphytes (附生植物). By looking at the family trees of the ant species, the team was able to determine on how many occasions plant cultivation evolved and roughly when. Fifteen is a conservative estimate, says Campbell. All the systems evolved relatively recently, around 1million to 3 million years ago, she says.
Whether the 37 examples of plant cultivation identified by the team count as true agriculture depends on the definitions used. Not all of the species get food from the plants, but they do rely on them for shelter, which is crucial for ants living in trees, says Campbell. So the team thinks the definition of true agriculture should include shelter as well as food.
8. According to biologists, why is ant-fungus cultivation considered as a form of true agriculture
A. Because it occurred earlier than human agriculture.
B. Because it fulfills the standards typical of agricultural practices.
C. Because it redefines the four criteria for true human agriculture.
D. Because it is less common than previously thought.
9. What motivated Chomicki and others to review the literature on ant-plant relationships
A. They determined on new family trees of the ant species.
B. They overlooked some tree-living ants that provided nutrients for the plants.
C. They never studied the ant-plant relationships within the context of agriculture.
D. They never identified any an t species that engaged in cultivation of fungi.
10. Which of the following statements is supported by the team's findings according to the passage
A. Ants’ cultivation of plants is limited to a few specific species.
B. The cultivation of fungi by ants is considered the earliest form of agriculture.
C. True agriculture in ants involves only food-related interactions with plants.
D. Ants have independently cultivated plants on at least 15 distinct occasions.
11. What is the passage mainly about
A. The evolution of ants in the plant kingdom.
B. The widespread occurrence of ant-plant cultivation.
C. The discovery of a new ant species engaging in agriculture.
D. The contrast between ant agriculture and human agriculture.
【答案】8 B 9. C 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了蚂蚁种植植物的行为比我们想象的要广泛。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Biologists regard the cultivation of fungi by ants as true agriculture appearing earlier than human agriculture because it meets four criteria: the ants plant the fungus, care for it, harvest it and depend on it for food.(生物学家认为蚂蚁培育真菌是比人类农业出现得更早的真正农业，因为它符合四个标准：蚂蚁种植真菌，照顾真菌，收获真菌并依赖它作为食物。)”可知，生物学家认为蚂蚁培育真菌被认为是一种真正的农业形式，因为它符合四个标准：蚂蚁种植真菌，照顾真菌，收获真菌并依赖它作为食物，这四个标准是农业的实践标准，即蚂蚁培育真菌符合典型的农业实践标准。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“But in 2016, Guillaume Chomicki and Susanne Renner at the University of Munich, Germany, discovered that an ant in Fungi cultivates several plants in a way that meets the four criteria for true agriculture.( 但在2016年，德国慕尼黑大学的(Guillaume ChomickiSusanne Renner发现，真菌中的一只蚂蚁以一种符合真正农业的四个标准的方式培育了几种植物)”和第五段中“This discovery prompted Chomicki and others to review the literature on ant-plant relationships to see if there are other examples of plant cultivation that have been overlooked. “They have never really been looked at in the framework of agriculture,” says Chomicki(这一发现促使Chomicki和其他人回顾蚂蚁—植物关系的文献，看看是否还有其他植物栽培的例子被忽视。“它们从来没有真正在农业的框架内被看待，”Chomicki 说)”可知，这一发现指的是真菌中的一只蚂蚁以一种符合真正农业的四个标准的方式培育了几种植物，蚂蚁—植物关系以前从未真正在农业的框架内被看待，而这一发现是首次在农业的框架内看待蚂蚁—植物的关系，它促使了Chomicki和其他人回顾蚂蚁—植物关系的文献，由此可推知，蚂蚁—植物关系以前从未真正在农业的框架内被看待，这促使Chomicki和其他人回顾蚂蚁—植物关系的文献，故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The cultivation of plants by ants is more widespread than previously realized, and has evolved on at least 15 separate occasions.(蚂蚁种植植物的情况比以前认识到的更为广泛，至少已经发生了15次不同的进化。)”和倒数第二段中“By looking at the family trees of the ant species, the team was able to determine on how many occasions plant cultivation evolved and roughly when. Fifteen is a conservative estimate, says Campbell. (通过观察蚂蚁种类的族谱，研究小组能够确定植物栽培演化的次数和大致时间。坎贝尔表示，十五是一个保守的估计。)”可知，蚂蚁在至少15个不同的场合独立培育植物。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“The cultivation of plants by ants is more widespread than previously realized, and has evolved on at least 15 separate occasions.(蚂蚁种植植物的情况比以前认识到的更为广泛，至少已经发生了15次不同的进化。)”可知，文章主要介绍了蚂蚁种植植物的行为比我们想象的要广泛，B项“蚂蚁栽培的广泛发生。”适合做文章标题，故选B。
D
Adults are often embarrassed about asking for help. Its an act that can make people feel sensitive. The moment you ask for directions, after all, you reveal (泄露) that you may be lost. Seeking someone’s assistance can make you feel like you are broadcasting your incompetence. New research suggests young children don’t seek help in school, even when they need it, for the same reason.
To learn more about how children think about seeking help, we asked 576 children, ages four to nine, to predict the behavior of two kids in a story. One of the characters genuinely wanted to be smart, and the other merely wanted to seem smart to others.
Children thought that the kid who wanted to seem smart would be less likely to ask for assistance. They could still conceive of (想象) situations in which the kid who wanted to seem smart would seek help: when assistance could be sought privately (on a computer rather than in person), children thought both characters were equally likely to ask for it.
We also found that they recognize several more behaviors that might make a child appear less smart in front of fellow kids, such as admitting to failure or modestly downplaying successes. Children are therefore acutely aware of several ways in which a person’s actions might make them appear less clever in the eyes of others.
However, a number of solutions can be found to help children. Our Gist instinct may be to motivate seeking help by emphasizing its educational benefits. But reputational barriers likely require reputation-based solutions. For example, instructors could create activities in which each student becomes an “expert” on a different topic, and then children must ask one another for help to master all of die material. If seeking help is understood as a commonplace classroom activity, kids may be less likely to think of it as indicative (表明) of one’s ability.
Seeking help could even be framed as socially desirable. After all, asking for help often benefits not just die help seeker but also others listening in who have similar questions or struggles.
12. What feature do the adults and young children share
A. They seldom ask for directions.
B. They are afraid of being laughed at.
C. They hesitate to seek assistance.
D. They regard themselves as incompetence.
13. What conclusion can be drawn from the research
A. Teachers should praise kids for seeking assistance.
B. Assistance only works when sought privately,
C. It seems possible that children themselves are not struggling.
D. Children care deeply about the way others think about them.
14. How does the author explain the solution in Paragraph 5
A. By making a comparison. B. By referring to an example.
C. By introducing a concept. D. By telling a school story.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Why Kids Are Afraid to Ask for Help.
B. Seeking Help Makes Kids Feel Uncomfortable.
C. Unwillingness to Seek Help Stop Academic Progress.
D. How Can We Help Children Overcome the Barrier,
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了孩子害怕寻求帮助原因。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Seeking someone’s assistance can make you feel like you are broadcasting your incompetence. New research suggests young children don’t seek help in school, even when they need it, for the same reason.”（寻求他人的帮助会让你觉得自己在宣扬自己的无能。新的研究表明，出于同样的原因，年幼的孩子在学校里也不会寻求帮助，即使他们需要帮助。）可知，孩子和成人一样都害怕寻求帮助，故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“We also found that they recognize several more behaviors that might make a child appear less smart in front of fellow kids, such as admitting to failure or modestly downplaying successes.Children are therefore acutely aware of several ways in which a person’s actions might make them appear less clever in the eyes of others.”（我们还发现，他们意识到更多的行为可能会让孩子在其他孩子面前显得不那么聪明，比如承认失败或谦虚地淡化成功。因此，孩子们敏锐地意识到，一个人的行为可能会在很多方面让自己在别人眼中显得不那么聪明。）可知，孩子们非常在意别人对他们的看法，故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“For example, instructors could create activities in which each student becomes an “expert” on a different topic, and then children must ask one another for help to master all of die material.”（例如，教师可以创建活动，让每个学生成为不同主题的“专家”，然后孩子们必须相互寻求帮助，以掌握所有的材料。）可知，第五段是通过举例子来解释解决方案的，故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段中“New research suggests young children don’t seek help in school, even when they need it, for the same reason.”（新的研究表明，出于同样的原因，年幼的孩子在学校里也不会寻求帮助，即使他们需要帮助。）和第二段中“To learn more about how children think about seeking help, we asked 576 children, ages four to nine, to predict the behavior of two kids in a story.”（为了更多地了解儿童对寻求帮助的想法，我们询问了576名年龄在4到9岁之间的儿童，让他们预测一个故事中两个孩子的行为。）可知，本文主要介绍了孩子害怕寻求帮助的原因，故选A。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
People say water can improve health and memory. But now some experts say that to think drinking water equals health is taking things too far and that hydration(水合作用）is about the balance between electrolytes(电解质)like sodium and the water in your body.
Then. how much water do you need to drink Many say you should drink eight 8-ounce glasses of water a day. Not so, some experts say. ___16___ A 200-pound person who hikes 10 miles in the heat needs more water than a 120-pound office manager in a temperature-controlled building.
___17___ Someone with a heart condition or kidney stones has one level of need. A person taking diuretic drugs(利尿药）may need a different amount of water.You may need to change the amount you are drinking if you lave been ill with vomiting or diarrhea.
Water is a better choice than sugary sodas or fruit juices.___18___One popular idea is that caffeine or alcohol will make your body lose much water. But one study showed the effect is not significant.You also get water from what you eat. Fruits, vegetables, and soups all add to the intake of water. Your body will tell you if you are hydrated enough. You don't have to think about it or add up the ounces you drink.___19___
Electrolytes are essential minerals. ___20___ Some sports drinks ads say you need to add electrolytes to stay healthy. But some experts say that your body produces electrolytes. You may need more water if you exercise a lot during the heat of the day. Otherwise, most people get enough electrolytes from food.
A Just drink then you are thirsty.
B. They are vital to many functions in the body
C. It gives you more energy and makes you look good.
D. Instead, your body and the activities you attend matter.
E. It is also necessary to set a timetable about when to drink water.
F. The amount of water you need in a day also depends on your health.
G. But when it comes to hydration, any drink can add water to your system.
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. G 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为议论文，首先提出两个关于水的不同观点：饮水能改善健康状况与记忆；饮水并不等同于健康，水合作用是体内电解质与水的平衡。然后从四方面对后者展开论证。
【16题详解】
根据空前“how much water do you need to drink ”引出本段话题：你需要喝多少水。然后提出许多人对此的看法，并被专家否定了。后面对比不同人的需水量，说明了体重及其进行的活动不同，需水量不同，故选D项。
【17题详解】
从空后“heart condition”“ kidney stones”(肾结石)“ A person taking diuretic drugs(利尿药)”“ vomiting or diarrhea”(呕吐或腹泻)可看出，该段主要在说需水量与个人身体健康状况有关，此空为该段主旨句，故选F项。
【18题详解】
根据空后“You also get water from what you eat.”该句表明人们可以从吃的事物中获取水，其中“also”，说明前面已经提出了一个人体中水的来源，G项“any drink can add water to your system.”符合要求，且与第一句“Water is a better choice than sugary sodas or fruit juices.”连贯，“any drink”与“sugary sodas or fruit juices”对应，故选G项。
【19题详解】
根据空前“Your body will tell you if you are hydrated enough.”(你的身体会告诉你体内的水是否充足。)“You don't have to think about it or add up the ounces you drink.”(你不必思考这个问题也不必增加喝水量。)你口渴的时候就是身体在给你信号，所以你在这个时候喝水就可以了，不必专门去考虑体内的水是否充足，A项符合，故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据空后“add electrolytes to stay healthy”表明电解质有利健康，说明电解质在人体内有重要作用，B项符合，“They”对应“Electrolytes”，“vital”对应“essential”，故选B项。
第二部分 语言知识运用(共三节, 满分45分)
第一节完型填空(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Snow had just melted off the ground that April day at our house in Regina Beach. My husband, Carl, had just cleaned up the pool in preparation for selling our ____21____. The year before, Carl had lost his job, and now our ____22____ situation was serious, so we had finally put our home on the ____23____. The thought of losing our beautiful home was almost more than I could bear.
Deep in ____24____, I sat typing up a job application letter for Carl. Out of the corner of my eye I could see our thirteen-month-old son, Forrest, playing near our two beloved dogs, Nana and Sasa. I hadn’t typed more than two sentences when Nana, began ____25____ violently and running back and forth, overlooking our pool.
I ____26____ to see what was happening. Suddenly, I realized Forrest was nowhere to be seen. Then to my horror, my eyes ____27____ Forrest’s yellow sleeper in the pool. Sasa was ____28____ doing her best to keep him afloat by holding on to his sleeper with her mouth. I realized that Forrest had somehow fallen into the pool.
In a split second, I dove in, lifted my ____29____ baby out and carried him inside. But when I realized Forrest wasn’t breathing, I began to go into ____30____. Thankfully, Carl, who was trained in CPR, arrived and then ____31____ I stood by with my heart in my ____32____, and after about three minutes, Forrest began to ____33____ again.
Things in our lives are much better now. Most importantly, almost losing Forrest-and then getting him back-____34____ any despair I might have had about losing our home.
A house can always be replaced, but knowing we have each other is the greatest ____35____ of all.
21. A. snow B. beach C. house D. dogs
22. A. traveling B. working C. political D. financial
23. A. market B. coast C. road D. corner
24. A. happiness B. despair C. anger D. curiosity
25. A. bathing B. biting C. barking D. beating
26. A. hoped B. managed C. pretended D. raced
27. A. caught sight of B. took care of C. broke away from D. looked down on
28. A. bravely B. hesitantly C. fiercely D. patiently
29. A. heavy B. cheerful C. precious D. newborn
30. A. surprise B. shape C. thought D. shock
31. A. turned up B. took over C. calmed down D. checked out
32. A. throat B. mind C. stomach D. chest
33. A. breathe B. sleep C. stretch D. laugh
34. A. increased B. simplified C. erased D. beautified
35. A. accident B. emergency C. suffering D. blessing
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者的孩子不慎落水，幸得家中爱犬相救，这次经历，让绝望中的作者感悟到家人安康，是人生幸事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫Carl刚刚清理了游泳池，为卖房子做准备。A. snow雪；B. beach沙滩；C. house房子；D. dogs狗。根据希望“losing our beautiful home”可知，作者要卖房子。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一年前，Carl失业了，现在我们的财务状况很严重，所以我们终于把房子挂牌出售了。A. traveling旅行（用）的；B. working与工作有关的；C. political政治的；D. financial经济的。根据上文“Carl had lost his job”可知，Carl失业了，作者家里财务状况很严重。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一年前，Carl失业了，现在我们的财务状况很严重，所以我们终于把房子挂牌出售了。A. market市场；B. coast海岸；C. road道路；D. corner角落。根据下文“losing our beautiful home”可知，作者家里把房子挂牌出售了，就是把房子放入市场出售。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我绝望地坐着，为Carl打了一封求职信。A. happiness快乐；B. despair绝望；C. anger愤怒；D. curiosity好奇心。根据上文“losing our beautiful home”可知，作者家里要卖房子，财政状况糟糕，所以作者绝望。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还没打两句话，Nana就开始狂吠起来，来回跑着，俯瞰着我们的游泳池。A. bathing沐浴；B. biting咬；C. barking吠；D. beating敲，击，打。根据上文“two beloved dogs, Nana and Sasa”可知，Nana是一只狗，因此此处是狗在叫，空格处是barking。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跑过去看发生了什么事。A. hoped希望；B. managed管理；C. pretended假装；D. raced快速移动。根据上文“Nana, began ____5____ violently and running back and forth, overlooking our pool”可知，作者听见狗在狂吠，所以快速跑过去看看发生了什么事。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后，令我惊恐的是，我的眼睛看到了Forrest在水池里的黄色卧车。A. caught sight of看见；B. took care of照顾；C. broke away from脱离；D. looked down on看不起。根据下文“Forrest’s yellow sleeper in the pool”可知，作者的眼睛看到了Forrest在水池里的黄色卧车。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Sasa勇敢地用嘴抓住他的卧车，尽力让他浮在水面上。A. bravely勇敢地；B. hesitantly犹豫地；C. fiercely猛烈地；D. patiently耐心地。根据下文“doing her best to keep him afloat by holding on to his sleeper with her mouth”可知，Sasa勇敢地用嘴抓住他的卧车，尽力让他浮在水面上。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一瞬间，我扑了进去，把我宝贝的孩子抱了出来，抱进了屋里。A. heavy重的；B. cheerful快乐的；C. precious宝贵的；D. newborn新生的。根据下文“baby”可知，作者的儿子对作者来说当然是珍贵的。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当我意识到Forrest没有呼吸时，我开始要休克了。A. surprise惊讶；B. shape形状；C. thought思想；D. shock休克。根据上文“when I realized Forrest wasn’t breathing”可知，当作者意识到Forrest没有呼吸时，作者开始要休克了。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：幸运的是，受过心肺复苏训练的Carl赶到了，然后接管了救援工作。A. turned up出现；B. took over接管；C. calmed down平静下来；D. checked out结账离开。根据上文“Carl, who was trained in CPR, arrived”可知，受过心肺复苏训练的Carl赶到了，然后接管了救援工作。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我站在旁边，心都提到嗓子眼儿了，大约三分钟后，Forrest又开始呼吸了。A. throat喉咙；B. mind思维方式；C. stomach胃；D. chest胸口。根据上文“Forrest wasn’t breathing”可知，作者儿子没有了呼吸，作者很担心，因此此处表示“心都提到嗓子眼儿了”，空格处用“喉咙”。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我站在旁边，心都提到嗓子眼儿了，大约三分钟后，Forrest又开始呼吸了。A. breathe呼吸；B. sleep睡觉；C. stretch伸展肢体；D. laugh笑。根据上文“Forrest wasn’t breathing”可知，此处表示“约三分钟后，Forrest又开始呼吸了”。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，差点失去Forrest——然后又把他找回来——抹去了我对失去我们家的绝望。A. increased增加；B. simplified简化；C. erased抹去；D. beautified美化。根据上文“Things in our lives are much better now”可知，句子表示“差点失去Forrest——然后又把他找回来——抹去了我对失去我们家的绝望”。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：房子总是可以换的，但知道我们拥有彼此是最大的祝福。A. accident事故；B. emergency紧急情况；C. suffering痛苦；D. blessing祝福。根据上文“knowing we have each other”可知，知道我们拥有彼此是最大的祝福。故选D。
第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A total of 16 Chinese and Italian volunteers, wearing Hanfu, an ancient clothing ____36____(traditional) worn by ethnic-majority Han Chinese,____37____ (participate) in a parade launched in Venice on Feb. 17, 2023.
The clothing, transported from the Suzhou Silk Museum, was themed of Han, Tang, Song and Ming ____38____ (dynasty) respectively and well displayed Jiangnan culture and world-known Suzhou silk.
The show attracted lots of young people, most of ____39____ decided to participate in this initiative, thinking it could be a way to get even ____40____ (close) to Chinese culture.
The 24-year-old Irene Di Maio, ____41____ (major) in Chinese in Venice, went to Suzhou to attend a dragon boat festival five years ago. “The event was amazing, especially the part from Suzhou, a city I loved very much. This time I would like ____42____(know) more about Hanfu.”
In addition to the clothing show, visitors can also enjoy a series of Chinese cultural activities, including the performance of guzheng,____43____ traditional Chinese musical instrument, Hanfu try-ons and calligraphy demonstrations.
Suzhou, considered by the Italian explorer Marco Polo in the 13th century ____44____“the Venice of the East”, became a sister city to Venice in 1980, and since then multiple activities of mutual historical and cultural exchange ____45____ (carry) forward.
【答案】36. traditionally
37. participated
38. dynasties
39. whom 40. closer
41. majoring
42. to know
43. a 44. as
45. have been carried
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统服装——汉服亮相威尼斯狂欢节，说明了中外文化交流的不断加深。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：2023年2月17日，共有16名中国和意大利志愿者身穿汉服参加了在威尼斯举行的游行，汉服是中国占多数的汉族的传统服饰。空处修饰动词worn，应该用副词作状语，故填traditionally。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意同上。空处是句子的谓语部分，根据时间状语“on Feb. 17, 2023”判断应该填动词过去式。故填participated。
【38题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：这些服装来自苏州丝绸博物馆，分别以汉、唐、宋、明为主题，很好地展示了江南文化和闻名世界的苏州丝绸。dynasty朝代，是可名词，该空表示“四个朝代”，故填名词复数。故填dynasties。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这个节目吸引了很多年轻人，他们中的大多数人决定参加这个活动，认为这可能是一种更接近中国文化的方式。分析结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是people，指人，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词whom，故填whom。
【40题详解】
考查形容词的比较级。句意同上。get close to是固定短语，结合句意以及前面的even可知，此处应用形容词比较级closer。故填closer。
41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：24岁的Irene Di Maio在威尼斯学习中文，五年前她去苏州参加了一个端午节。went是句子的谓语，判断设空处应该用非谓语形式，动词major和逻辑主语Irene Di Maio之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。故填majoring。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这次我想多了解一下汉服。would like to do sth想要做某事，故此处用不定式作宾语，故填to know。
【43题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：除了服装表演，游客们还可以欣赏到一系列的中国文化活动，包括中国传统乐器古筝表演、汉服试穿和书法示范。instrument是可数名词，此处是名词短语作同位语，泛指“一种中国传统乐器”，故填a。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：苏州，13世纪被意大利探险家马可波罗誉为“东方威尼斯”的苏州，于1980年与威尼斯成为友好城市，此后开展了多项历史文化交流活动。固定搭配consider... as意为“认为……是”。故填as。
【45题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。根据句意以及时间状语since then判断题空处应该用现在完成时的被动语态，又因主语是activities，故填have been carried。
第三节单句语法填空(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
46. The closure of the factory will cause severe___________(损失)to the local economy. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】damage
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这家工厂的关闭将对当地经济造成严重损害。根据汉语意思提示以及空前severe为形容词可知，此处为名词damage“损失”作宾语成分。故填damage。
47. ___________ (埋首于) in conducting an experiment, she didn’t noticed that her wallet was stolen. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】Buried
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她专心做实验，没有注意到钱包被偷了。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词bury“埋头于”，满足句意要求，结合句子结构可知，应为非谓语动词作状语，bury和逻辑主语she为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填Buried。
48. She spoke for an hour without once ____________ (参考) to her notes.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】referring
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：她讲了一个小时，一次也没看笔记。根据汉语提示“参考”可知应填动词refer，此处作介词的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填referring。
49. I’m very ___________ (感激的) of all the support you’ve given me. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】appreciative
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我非常感谢你给我的所有支持。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为形容词appreciative“感激的”作表语，构成动词短语be appreciative of“感激，感谢”，满足句意要求。故填appreciative。
50. He’s been a part of the national football team for a few years and can play in ___________ (各种各样的) positions. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】various
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他已经加入国家足球队好几年了，能踢各种位置。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为形容词various“各种各样的”作定语修饰positions，满足句意要求。故填various。
51. He wiped the tears from his face secretly as if he___________(affect)by his failure. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】hadn’t been affected
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他偷偷地擦去脸上的眼泪，好像他没有受到失败的影响。分析句子可知，此处为as if引导的方式状语从句，结合句意可知，“他悄悄擦掉眼泪，好像没有受到失败的影响”的言下之意是“他受到了失败的影响”，所以为虚拟语气，结合主句动词wiped可知，此处为对过去事实相反的虚拟语气，与为过去完成时；主语he与affect为被动关系，且本句含否定意义，故填hadn’t been affected。
52. With more forests___________(destroy), huge quantities of good earth are being washed away. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】being destroyed
【解析】
【详解】考查with的复合结构。句意：随着越来越多的森林被破坏，大量的优质土壤被冲走。分析句子可知，此处为with的复合结构，其中的动词应为非谓语形式，结合语境可知森林被毁坏“正在进行中”，且forests和destroy为被动关系，所以为现在分词的被动语态结构。故填being destroyed。
53. After months of___________(suffer), he died of cancer. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】suffering
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：经过几个月的折磨，他死于癌症。根据句意以及空前of介词可知，此处为名词suffering“折磨”，满足句意要求，作此意时该词不可数。故填suffering。
54. ___________ (base) on the demands of our consumers, our company made a significant improvement on the new product! (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Based
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据消费者的要求，我们公司对新产品做了很大的改进。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，base on和逻辑主语out company为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填Based。
55. These advertisements are ___________ (specific) aimed at young people. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】specifically
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：这些广告是专门针对年轻人的。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语使用副词，specific为形容词，其副词为：specifically，故填specifically。
56. This is the most interesting book ________ I have ever read. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是我读过的最有趣的书。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词book在从句中作宾语，且被最高级形容词修饰，只能用关系代词that引导该定语从句。故填that。
57. Jack Ma creates a cozy atmosphere___________ his employees can get along well with each other. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】where
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：马云创造了一个舒适的氛围，他的员工可以相处得很好。分析句子可知，此处为关系副词where引导的定语从句，先行词atmosphere为抽象地点名词，在从句中作地点状语成分。故填where。
58. ___________is known to all; Taiwan is an inseparable part of China. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】As
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：众所周知；台湾是中国不可分割的一部分。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词As引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为后面整句话Taiwan is an inseparable part of China，在从句中作主语成分，As在从句中有“正如……一样”的意思。故填As。
59. There are 102 elements in nature, most of ___________ are metals. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】which
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：自然界中有102种元素，其中大部分是金属。分析句子可知，此处为most of+关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词102 elements在从句中作介词of的宾语成分。故填which。
60. Workers built shelters for survivors ______ homes had been destroyed. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whose
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：工人们为房屋被毁的幸存者建造了避难所。此处缺少定语从句引导词，先行词是survivors，定语从句中的homes是所属关系，应使用关系代词whose。故填whose。
第三部分 写作
第一节(满分25分)
61. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
He was 50 years old when I was born. I didn’t know why he was home instead of Mom, but I was young and the only one of my friends who had their dad around. I considered myself very lucky.
Dad did so many things for me during my grade school years. He convinced the school bus driver to pick me up at my house instead of the usual bus stop that was six blocks away. He always had my lunch ready for me when I came home.
As I got a little older, I wanted to move away from those “childish” signs of his love. But he wasn’t going to give up. In high school and no longer able to go home for lunch, I began taking my own. Dad would get up a little earlier and make it for me. The outside of the sack might be covered with a heart inscribed with “Dad-n-Angie K. K.”. Inside there would be a napkin (餐巾纸) with that same heart or an “I love you.”
I used to hide my lunch so no one would see the bag or read the napkin, but that didn’t last long. One of my friends saw the napkin one day, grabbed it, and passed it around the lunch room. My face burned with embarrassment. To my astonishment, the next day all my friends were waiting to see the napkin. From the way they acted, I thought they all wished they had someone who showed them that kind of love. I felt so proud!
When I left home for college, I thought the messages would stop. But my friends and I were glad that his gestures continued. I began getting letters almost every Friday. The front-desk staff always knew who the letters were from. Many times the envelopes were addressed in crayon, and along with the enclosed letters were usually drawings of our cat and dog, stick figures of him and Mom.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
It was during this time that Dad became stricken with cancer.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Then the time came when I decided to come home because he was growing sicker.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
It was during this time that Dad became stricken with cancer. When the letters didn’t come on Friday, I knew that he had been sick and wasn’t able to write. He used to get up at 4:00 a.m. So he could sit in the quiet house and do his letters. If he missed his Friday delivery, the letters would usually come a day or two later. But they always came. My friends used to call him “Coolest Dad in the Universe”.
Then the time came when I decided to come home because he was growing sicker. And I knew that our time together was limited. Those were the hardest days to go through. To watch this man, who always acted so young, age passed his years. In the end he didn’t recognize who I was. Even though I knew it was due to his illness, it still hurt that he couldn’t remember my name. I was alone with him in his hospital room a couple of days before he died. We held hands and watched TV. As I was getting ready to leave, he said,“Angie, I love you.”
【解析】
【导语】本文以时间为线索展开。作者的父亲从作者出生开始就做全职奶爸，尽心尽力地照顾着爱着作者，同学和朋友们都因此羡慕作者，在作者大学期间，父亲重病去世，在陪伴父亲期间，作者感到了深刻的痛苦和父亲深切的爱意。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“就在这段时间里，爸爸得了癌症”可知，第一段可描写爸爸在生病之后依然坚持给作者写信。
②由第二段首句内容“后来我决定回家，因为他的病情越来越重了”可知，第二段可描写在爸爸病重时作者一直陪在他身边。
2.续写线索：得知——坚持写信——陪伴——病重——难过——表达爱意
3.词汇激活
行为类
①经历：go through/undergo/experience
②认出：recognize/identify
③认识到：know/be aware of
情绪类
①难过：hurt/pain
②艰难的：hard/rough
【点睛】[高分句型1] To watch this man, who always acted so young, age passed his years. (运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Even though I knew it was due to his illness, it still hurt that he couldn’t remember my name. (运用了it作形式主语和that引导的主语从句)
